NAME ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION NERVE

Frontalis galea aponeurotica skin of eyebrows and raises the eyebrows Facial

root of nose wrinkles the forehead

1
horizontally



1
Corrugator supercilii arch of frontal bone skin of eyebrow draws eyebrows medially Facial

X
P
R
E
S
S
I
O
N
S

above nasal bone and inferiorly 2

2

wrinkles the forehead
4


vertically (frowning)

Levator palpebrae superioris tendinous band upper eyelid raises eyelids Oculomotor
E


Y
E

around optic foramen

E

3
(near annular ring)



Orbicularis oculi frontal and mazillary tissue of eyelid blinking Facial

bones and ligaments squinting

4 around orbit draws eyebrows inferi-

orly



NAME ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION NERVE

Superior rectus annular ring superior eyeball elevates the eye Oculomotor


5
9


5


Inferior rectus annular ring inferior eyeball depresses the eye Oculomotor


8
6

Medial rectus annular ring medial eyeball moves the eye medially Oculomotor

O
V
E
R
S

7
6 10


M

Lateral rectus annular ring lateral eyeball moves the eye laterally Abducens

Y
E
B
A
L
L



8


E

Superior oblique annular ring superior lateral eye- depresses the eye & turns Trochlear
9




9
ball via trochlea it laterally
7





Inferior oblique medial orbit surface inferolateral eye elevates the eye & turns it Ocolomotor
5


8


surface laterally


10



NAME ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION NERVE

Levator labii superioris zygomatic bone & skin & muscle of up- raises & furrows the up- Facial

infraorbital margin of per lip per lip

11
maxilla




Zygomaticus minor zygomatic bone skin & muscle @ raises lateral corners of Facial


12
corner of mouth mouth (smiling)



Zygomaticus major zygomatic bone skin & muscle @ raises lateral corners of Facial


corner of mouth mouth (smiling)

11


13


12


13

15



Risorius lateral facia assoc. skin @ angle of draws corner of lip later- Facial


14


with masseter muscle mouth ally

14 tense of lips

synergist of zygomaticus

Buccinator molar region of max- orbicularis oris draws corner of mouth Facial

illa and mandible laterally

O
V
E
R
S

15 compresses cheek (suck-

ing)

M

holds food between teeth
O
U
T
H

during chewing


Depressor anguli oris body of mandible skin & muscle @ draws corner of mouth Facial

M


below incisors angle of mouth laterally & downward

16 (below insertion of antagonist of zygomati-

zygomaticus) cus


Depressor labii inferioris body and mandible skin & muscle of draws lower lip inferiorly Facial


17
lateral to its midline lower lip (pout)




Orbicularis oris arises directly from encircles mouth; closes lips Facial

maxilla & mandible inserts into muscle purses and protrues lips 18

18 & skin @ angles of kissing & whistling
17



mouth


16




Platysma fascia of chest (over lower margin of depresses mandible Facial
19



pectoral muscle & mandible, and skin & pulls lower lip back &

19 deltoid) muscle @ corner of down

mouth



NAME ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION NERVE

Masseter zygomatic arch and angle & ramus of prime mover of jaw Trigeminal

maxilla mandible closure

20
elevates mandible




Temporalis temporal fossa coronoid process of closes jaw Trigeminal
21


mandible elevates & retracts man-



21 dible

synergist of pterygoids

maintains position of
20


mandible at rest



O
V
E
R
S





Medial pterygoid medial surface of medial surface of synergist of temporalis & Trigeminal


lateral pterygoid plate mandible near its masseter in elevation of

M


A
N
D
I
B
L
E

22 of sphenoid bone, angle the mandible

maxilla & palatine act with lateral ptery-

bone goid muscle to protrude

M


mandible of to promote


side-to-side movements

(grinding)

23

Lateral pterygoid greater wing & lateral condyle of mandible protrudes mandible Trigeminal


pterygoid plate of and capsule of tem- provides forward sliding
22


23 sphenoid bone poromandibular joint and side-to-side grinding

movements of the lower

teeth





NAME ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION NERVE

Genioglossus internal surface of inferior aspect of the primarily protrudes Hypoglossal

mandible near sym- tongue and body of tongue

24 physis hyoid bone can depress or act in con-

cert with other extrinsic

O
V
E
R
S

muscles to retract tongue

Styloglossus styloid process of lateral inferior aspect retracts (& elevates) Hypoglossal

M


temporal bone of tongue tongue

O
N
G
U
E

25


25


24

26

T



Hyoglossus body & greater horn inferolateral tongue depresses tongue & draws Hypoglossal


26
of hyoid bone its sides downward





NAME ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION NERVE

Digastric lower margin of man- by a connective tissue acting in concert, elevate Mandibular

dible (anterior belly) loop to hyoid bone hyoid bone & steady it branch of

27 & mastoid process during swallowing & trigeminal (ante-

of the temporal bone speech rior belly)

(posterior belly) acting from behind, Facial (posterior

open mouth & depress belly)

mandible



Stylohyoid styloid process of hyoid bone elevates & retracts hyoid Facial 29


temporal bone -> elongate floor of 27

28
mouth during swallowing




31
34

Mylohyoid medial surface of hyoid bone & medial elevates hyoid bone & Mandibular


mandible raphe floor of mouth, enabling branch of tri-

29 tongue to exert backward geminal
33
32

& upward pressure for


swallowing

U
S
C
L
E
S



Geniohyoid inner surface of man- hyoid bone & medial pulls hyoid bone su- First cervial


dible raphe periorly & anteriorly, spinal nerve

M


W
A
L
L
O
W
I
N
G

30 shortening floor of mouth via hypoglossal

and widening pharynx nerve

for receiving food


S

Sternohyoid manubrium & medial lower margin of hyoid depresses larynx & hyoid Cervical spinal


end of clavicle bone bone if mandible is fixed nerves 1-3

31
may also flex skull





Sternothyroid posterior surface of thyroid cartilage pulls thyroid cartilage Cervical spinal

manubrium (plus larynx & hyoid) nerves 1-3

32
inferiorly





Omohyoid superior surface of hyoid bone, lower depresses & retracts Cervical spinal


33
scapula border hyoid bone nerves 1-3


28


Thyrohyoid thyroid cartilage hyoid bone depresses hyoid bone First cervical 30
34


elevates larynx if hyoid nerve via hypo-



34
is fixed glossal






NAME ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION NERVE

Sternocleidomastoid manubrium of ster- mastoid process of prime mover of active Accesory nerve

num & medial portion temporal bone & head flexion (when act

35 of clavicle superior nuchal line together)

of occipital bone rotates head toward op-

posite side (when act


singularly
35




Splenius (capitis) ligamentum nuchae, mastoid process of extend or hyperextend Cervical spinal

spinous process of temporal bone & oc- head when act together nerves (dorsal

36 vertebrae C7-T6 cipital bone (capitis) rotate and bend head lat- rami)

erally toward same side

when act on one side 36

O
V
E
R
S



M


E
A
D



H


H
O
L
E



W





Semispinalis capitis transverse process of occipital bone (ca- extends head and move it Spinal nerves

C7-T12 pitis) to opposite side (dorsal rami)

37 synergist with sterno-

cleidomastoid of oppo-

site side
37





NAME ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION NERVE

Erector spinae iliac crests (luborum) angle of ribs (luborum extend vertebral column, Spinal nerves

Iliocostalis inferior 6 ribs (tho- & thoracis) maintain posture (dorsal rami)

38-A racis) cervical vertebrae C6- bend vertebral column to

ribs 3-6 (cervicis) C4 (cervicis) same side when act on

one side



Erector spinae transverse process of transverse process of thoracis & cervicis act to- Spinal nerves

Longissimus lumbar through cervi- thoracic or cervical gether to extend vertebral (dorsal rami)

cal vertebrae vertebrae and to ribs column

38-B superior to origin; act on one side, bend it

mastoid process for laterally

capitis capitis extends heads and 38-C
X
T
E
N
D
E
R
S
turns the face toward

same side

38-B
E

Erector spinae spines of upper lum- spines of upper extends vertebral column Spinal nerves

O
R
S
O


Spinalis bat & lower thoracic thoracic & cervical (dorsal rami)

T

38-C
vertebrae vertebrae




38-A


Quadratus lumborum iliac crest & lumbar transverse process of flexes vertebral column T12 & upper


fascia upper lumbar verte- laterally when alone lumber spinal


39

brae & lower margin when together extends nerves (ventral
39


of 12th rib lumbar spine & fixes rami)

12th rib

maintains upright posture

assists in forced breathing



NAME ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION NERVE

External intercostals inferior border of rib superior border of rib elevate rib cage, aids in Intercostal

above below inspiration

40
synergist of diaphragm



40



Internal intercostals superior border of rib inferior border (costal depress rib cage, aid in Intercostal

below groove) of rib above forced expiration

U
S
C
L
E
S

41 antagonist of external

intercostals


M


R
E
A
T
H
I
N
G

41


B



Diaphragm inferior, internal central tendon prime mover of inspira- Phrenic

surface of rib cage & tion, flattens on contrac-

42 sternum, costal carti- tion

lages of last six ribs &

lumbar vertebrae

42


NAME ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION NERVE

Rectus Abdominis pubic crest & sym- xyphoid process & flex & rotate lumbar re- Intercostals

physis costal cartilages of gion of vertebral column

43 ribs 5-7 fix & depress ribs

stabilize pelvis during

walking

increase intra-abdominal

pressure


U
S
C
L
E
S

External oblique outer surface of lower linea alba via aponeu- when together, synergist Intercostals 46

43

8 ribs rosis to rectus abdominis, flex 45

44 vertebral column & com-
44


M


press abdominal wall


B
D
O
M
I
N
A
L

when alone, synergist to

muscles of back, roate &

lateral flexion of trunk

A


Internal oblique lumbar fascia, iliac linea alba, pubic same as external oblique Intercostals


crest, & inguinal liga- crest, last 3 or 4 ribs,

45
ment & costal margin



43
46


45


Transverse abdominis inguinal ligament, linea alba, pubic crest compresses abdominal Intercostals



lumbar fascia, carti- contents

46 lages of last 6 ribs,

iliac crest
44




NAME ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION NERVE

Levator ani inside pevis from pu- inner surface of coc- supports & maintains S4 & inferior
4847



bis to ischial spine cyx pelvic viscera rectal


U
S
C
L
E
S

47 resists downward thrusts

forms sphincters at ano-


rectal junction & vagina

M


L
O
O
R

lifts anal canal during

defecation

F

Coccygeus spine of ischium sacrum & coccyx supports pelvic viscera S4 & S5

E
L
V
I
C


supports coccyx & pulls

P

48
it forward
47


47




NAME ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION NERVE

Pectoralis minor anterior surface of coracoid process of draws scapula forward & Both pectoral

ribs 3-5 (or 2-4) scapula downward (ribs fixed) nerves

49 draws rib cage superiorly

(scaupla fixed)


Subclavius costal cartilage of groove on inferior stablizes & depresses Nerve to subcla- 50


50
rib 1 surface of clavicle pectoral girdle vius



49


Serratus anterior by series of muscle anterior surface of agonist to protract & hold Long thoracic


(boxers muscle) slips from ribs 1-9 vertebral border of scapula against rib cage nerve


scapula rotates scapula (infe-

51



51 rior angle laterally &

upward)

abduct & raise arm &

horizontal arm move-

ments


Trapezius occipital bone, spine & acromion of stablizes, raises, retracts Accesory nerve

O
V
E
R
S

ligamentum nuchae, scapula, lateral 3rd of & rotates scapula

52 spines of C7 - T12 clavicle adducts & retracts


scapula (middle)

M


H
O
U
L
D
E
R

elevates scapula or syner-

gist to head extension

(suprior)

S

depresses scapula & 53

shoulder (inferior)

52




Levator scapulae transverse processes medial border of elevates & adducts Cervical spinal


of C1-C4 scapula, superior to scapula (synergist to nerves & dorsal 54


53 spine trapezius) scapular nerve 55

tilts glenoid cavity down,

flexes neck to same side

(fixed scapula)



Rhomboid minor spinous processes of medial border of retract scapula (squar- Dorsal scapular

C7 & T1 scapula ing shoulders), synergist nerve

54 with middle fibers of

Trapezius


rotate glenoid cavity


Rhomboid major spinous processes of medial border of


downward (lowering arm


T2-T5 scapula


55
against resistence)


stablize scapula





NAME ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION NERVE

Pectoralis major sternal end of clavi- by a short tendon into agonist of arm flexion Lateral &

cle, sternum, cartilage intertubercular groove rotates arm medially medial pectoral

56 of ribs 1-6, & apo- of humerus adducts arm against resistance nerves

neurosis of external pulls rib cage upward with scapula 58

oblique muscle fixed

Latissimus dorsi via lumbodorsal floor of intertubercu- agonist of arm extension Thoracodorsal 56

fascia into spines of lar groove of humerus powerful arm adductor

57 T7-L5, lower 4 ribs & medially rotates arm & shoulder

iliac crest depresses scapula

pulls body upward & forward with

arms fixed overhead

Deltoid lateral 3rd of clavicle, deltoid tuberosity of agonist of arm abduction with all fi- Axillary nerve

acromion & spine of humerus bers, antagonist of pectoralis major

58 scapula & latissimus dorsi
59



flexes & medially rotates humerus


with anterior fibers, synergist of

pectoralis major

extends & laterally rotates arms with
60


posterior fibers

O
V
E
R
S


62

Supraspinatus supraspinous fossa of superior part of stabilizes shoulder joint Suprascapular

63


scapula greater tubercle of helps prevent downward dislocation nerve

M


R
M

59
humerus of humerus



A

Infraspinatus infraspinous fossa of greater tubercle of helps to hold head of humerus in Suprascapular



scapula humerus, posterior to glenoid cavity nerve
57


60 supraspinatus stabilizes the shoulder joint

rotates humerus laterally

Subscapularis subscapular fossa of lesser tubercle of chief medial rotator of humerus, as- Subcapular

61 scapula humerus sisted by pectoralis major nerve

helps to hold head of humerus in
61


glenoid cavity, stablizes shoulder




Teres minor lateral border of dor- greater tubercle of same as infraspinatus Axillary nerve

sal scapular surface humerus, inferior to

62
infraspinatus

64




Teres major posterior surface of intertubercular groove posteromedially extends, medially Lower scapular

scapula @ inferior of humerus, tendon rotates, & adducts arm nerve

63 angle fused with tendon of synergist of latissimus dorsi

latissimus dorsi

Coracobrachialis coracoid process of medial surface of flexion & adduction of humerus Musculocutane-

64
scapula humerus shaft synergist of pectoralis major ous nerve





NAME ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION NERVE

Biceps brachii long head (65-1): tuber- by common tendon to flexes elbor joint & supinates Musculocutane-

cle above glenoid cav- radial tuberosity forearm (usually at the same ous nerve

65 ity and lip of glenoid time)

cavity of scapula weak flexor of arm @ shoulder

short head: (65-2): cora-

coid process of scapula


68-1




Brachialis front of distal humerus coronoid process of major forearm flexor, synergist Musculocutane-
68-2


68-3

66

ulna with biceps brachii ous nerve
65



66


67

Brachioradialis lateral supracondylar base of styloid pro- synergist in forearm flexion, best Radial nerve

ridge @ distal end of cess of radius when forearm is partially flexed

O
V
E
R
S

67 humerus stablizes the elbow during rapid

flexion & extension


M


O
R
E
A
R
M



Triceps brachii lateral head (68-1): pos- by common tendon agonist of forearm extension Radial nerve


terior shaft of humerus into olacrenon pro- (medial head)

68-1

F


68 long head (68-2) : cess of ulna antagonist of forearm flexors

infraglenoid tubercle stablizes shoulder joint & assist in


of scapula

arm adduction (long head tendon)

68-2

medial head (68-3):

posterior humeral shaft
69


distal to radial groove





Anconeus lateral epicondyle of lateral aspect of ola- abducts ulna during forearm Radial nerve
65-1



humerus cranon process pronation

65-2

69

synergist of triceps brachii in
66


elbow extension



Pronator teres medial epicondyle of hu- by common tendon pronates forearm Median nerve

O
T
A
T
O
R
S

merus, coronoid process into lateral radius, weak flexor of elbow

70
of ulna midshaft



Supinator lateral epicondyle of hu- lateral, anterior & forcibly supinates forearm with Posterior inter-

R

70


O
R
E
A
R
M

merus, radial collateral posterior surfaces of biceps brachii osseous nerve
71

71 & annular ligaments, proximal 1/3 of radius weakly supinates forearm work-


supinator fossa & crest ing along

F


of ulna

antagonist of Pronator teres





NAME ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION NERVE

Flexor carpi medial epicondyle of base of 2nd & 3rd powerful flexor of wrist Median nerve

radialis humerus metacarpals (anterior) abducts the hand


72
weak syngergist of elbow flexion




L
E
X
O
R
S

Palmaris longus medial epicondyle of palmar aponeurosis, weak wrist flexor Median nerve

humerus skin & fascia of palm weak synergist of elbow flexion


73

tenses skin of palm during hand

F


75


R
I
S
T

movements


72





Flexor carpi medial epicondyle of pisiform & hamate powerful flexor of writs Ulnar nerve

77
W

73

74


ulnaris humerus, olecranon pro- bones & base of 5th adducts hand with extensor carpi


cess & posterior surface metacarpal (anterior) ulnaris

74 of ulna stablized wrist during finger

extension

Extensor carpi lateral supracondylar base of 2nd metacar- extends wrist with extensor carpi Radial nerve


X
T
E
N
S
O
R
S

radialis longus ridge of humerus pal (posterior) ulnaris

abducts write with flexor carpi

75
radialis




E

Extensor carpis lateral epicondyle of base of 5th metacar- extends & adducts wrist Deep branch of


R
I
S
T


ulnaris humerus & posterior pal (posterior) radial nerve


W

76
border of ulna



Flexor digitorum medial epicondyle of hu- by four tendons into flexes wrist & middle phalanges Median nerve

superficialis merus, coronoid process middle phalanges of of fingers 2-5


77
of ulna, shaft of radius fingers 2-5


Extensor lateral epicondyle of by four tendons into prime mover of finger extension Posterior inter-

digitorum humerus extensor expansions extends wrist osseous nerve, a

& distal phalanges of can abduct (flare) fingers branch of radial

78
fingers 2-5

nerve
81



O
V
E
R
S


78


Extensor digiti lateral epicondyle of extensor expansion of extends 5th digit Posterior inter- 76


M

minimi humerus 5th digit

osseous nerve,

80



I
N
G
E
R

deep branch of

79



79 radial nerve

F

Extensor pollicis posterior surface of base of distal phallanx extends thumb Posterior inter-


longus middle 3rd of ulna of thumb osseous nerve

80


Abductor pollicis posterior surface of base of 1st metacarpal abducts & extends thumb Posterior inter-

longus radius & ulna & trapezium osseous nerve

81



NAME ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION NERVE

Satorius anterior superior iliac medial aspect of flexes, abducts & laterally rotates Femoral nerve

spine proximal tibia the thigh

82
flexes knee (weak)



Iliopsoas iliac fossa & crest, lat- lesser trochanter of prime mover of thigh flexion Femoral nerve


Iliacus eral sacrum femur lateral flexion of vertebral column

83
84



83 (psoas)


89


Iliopsoas transverse processes of lesser trochanter of

Ventral nerve

85



Psoas major L1-L5, bodies & discs of femur






84
T12-L5

82

88




86



Pectineus pectineal line of pubis inferior from lesser adducts, flexes & medially rotates Femoral & obtu-

87
trochanter to linea thigh rator nerve

85
aspera



87


Gracilis inferior ramus & body of medial surface of tibi- adducts thigh Obturator nerve


pubis, ischial ramus al shaft just inferior to flexes & medially rotates leg 88

86
medial condyle (when walking)




Adductor magnus ischial & pubic rami, linea aspera & adduc- adducts & medially rotates thigh Obturator nerve

O
V
E
R
S

ischial tuberosity tor tubercle of femur (anterior part)

87 synergist of hamstring in thigh
91


M


extension (posterior part)





H
I
G
H

Adductor longus pubic near pubic sym- linea aspera adducts, flexes & medially rotates Anterior divi-


physis

thigh sion of obturator

T


90


88

nerve



Tensor fasciae anterior iliac crest & iliotibial tract flexes & abducts thigh (synergist Superior gluteal

latae anterior superior iliac of iliopsoas & gluteus muscles) nerve

spine rotates thigh medially

89 steadies the trunk by pulling ilio-

tibial tract taut (locking the knee)


Gluteus maximus dorsal ilium, sacrum & gluteal tuberosity of major extensor of thigh Inferior gluteal

coccyx femur, iliotibial tract laterally rotates & abducts thigh nerve 91
90
inactive during standing
92



Gluteus medius lateral surface of ilium via short tendon abducts thigh Superior gluteal

between anterior & pos- into lateral aspect of anterior part rotates hip medially nerve

91
terior gluteal lines greater trochanter posterior part rotates hip lateraly




90
Gluteus minimus dorsal ilium between an- superior border of abducts & medially rotates thigh Superior gluteal


terior & inferior gluteal greater trochanter of nerve

92
lines femur





NAME ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION NERVE

Biceps femoris long head (a): ischial by common tendon extends thigh & flexes knee Sciatic nerve

tuberosity into head of fibula laterally rotates leg when knee

93 short head (b): linea & lateral condyle of is flexed

aspera & distal femur tibia



Semitendinosus iscial tuberosity medial aspect of up- extends thigh & flexes knee Sciatic nerve

per tibial shaft medially rotates leg with semi-

A
M
S
T
R
I
N
G
S

94 membranosus


93


Semimembranosus ischial tuberosity medial condyle of extends thigh & flexes knee Sciatic nerve 94




tibia medially rotates leg

H

95

95





Popliteus lateral condyle of femur proximal tibia (poste- unlocks knee by flexes & ro- Tibial nerve
96



rior surface) tates leg medially


96 rotates thigh laterally with tibia

fixed



Rectus femoris anterior inferior iliac extends knee Femoral nerve

spine & superior margin flexes thigh @ hip

97
of acetabulum





Vastus lateralis greater trochanter, inter- extends & stablizes knee Femoral nerve

trochanteric line, linea

U
A
D
R
I
C
E
P
S

98
aspera



patella & tibial



Vastus medialis linea aspera, intertro- tuberosity via patella extends knee Femoral nerve

Q


chanteric line
ligament
stablizes patella (inferior fibers)
98


97


99

100




98

99


99




Vastus intermedius anterior & lateral sur- extends knee Femoral nerve


100
faces of proximal femur





NAME ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION NERVE

Tibialis anterior lateral condyle & upper by tendon into prime mover of dorsiflexion Deep fibular

2/3 of tibial shaft, inter- inferior surface of inverts foot nerve

101 osseous membrane medial cuneiform & assist in supporting medial longi-

1st metatarsal tudinal arch
104


102


101




Fibularis longus head & upper portion of by long tendon plantar flexes & everts foot Superficial fibu- 105

lateral fibula underfoot into 1st may help keep foot flat on ground lar nerve

102 metatarsal & medial

cuneiform
104



105

102

101

Fibularis brevis distal fibula shaft by tendon behind plantar flexes & everts foot Superficial fibu-

lateral malleolus into lar nerve


103

base of 5th metatarsal

103




O
V
E
R
S



M


O
O
T


Gastrocnemius by two heads from me- plantar flexes foot when knee is Tibial nerve

F


dial & lateral condyles

extended


104 of femur flexes knee when foot is dorsi-

flexed

posterior calcaneus 106 106

via calcaneal tendon

Soleus superior tibia, fibula & plantar flexes foot Tibial nerve
96



inerosseous membrane (Achilles) important locomoter & postural



105

muscle

105

104


105



Plantaris posterior femur above via a long, thin ten- assists in knee flexion Tibial nerve


lateral condyle don into calcaneus or plantar flexion of foot

106
calcaneal tendon






NAME ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION NERVE

Extensor hallucis anteromedial fibula shaft distal phalanx of big extends big toe Deep fibular

longus & interosseous mem- toe dorsiflexes foot nerve


107
brane



108
107


Extensor lateral condyle of tibia, middle & distal pha- prime mover of toe extension Deep fibular



digitorum longus proximal 3/4 of fibula, langes of toes 2-5 via (mainly @ metatarsal joints) nerve

interosseous membrane extensor expansion dorsiflexes foot (with tibialis an-

108
terior & extensor hallucis longus)



O
V
E
R
S



Flexor hallucis mid-shaft of fibula, inter- tendon runs underfoot plantar flexes & inverts foot Tibial nerve

M

longus osseous membrane to distal phalanx of flexes big toe (push-off muscle

O
E


big toe when walking)

T

109



109



110





Flexor digitorum posterior tibia tendon runs behind plantar flexes & inverts foot Tibial nerve



longus medial malleolus & flexes toes

insert into distal pha- helps foot grip ground


110

lanx of toes 2-5

110



109



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