CE319

Design of Steel Structures

Maj. Dr. Khondaker Sakil Ahmed
Instructor Cl B
Department of Civil Engineering, MIST
CE 319: DESIGN OF STEEL STRUCTURES
3.00 CREDITS, 3 HRS/WEEK
Syllabus
1. Behavioral principles and design of structural steel
2. Design of tension members
3. Bolted and welded connections
4. Compression members, residual stress, local buckling,
effective length
5. Flexural members, lateral torsional buckling
6. Design of beam-columns
7. Connection design, moment connection, column bases
8. Detailing of steel structures
REFERENCE BOOKS OR MANUALS
Main text book Steel Structures:
Design and Behavior, 5th Ed., 2009 Authors: Salmon, Johnson
and Malhas, Publisher: Pearson Prentice Hall
Other books and references
1. Theory of Simple Structures, 2
nd
Ed. 2001: Authors: T.C. Shedd
and J. Vawter
2. Design of Steel Structures, 3rd Ed., 1991 Authors: Gaylord,
Gaylord and Stallmeyer, Publisher: McGraw-Hill
3. Specifications for Structural Steel Buildings, 2005 Author:
American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC)
4. Manual for Steel Construction, 13th Edition, 2005 Author:
American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC)
DESIGN PRINCIPLE
Resistance applied load
Resistance ??
Material Property
Geometry
Soil Bearing Capacity
BC
LIMIT STATE
Loading condition defines failure mode
Limit of loading after which structure fails
Three broad classification
Strength limit states
Serviceability limit states
Special limit states
DESIGN CONSIDERATION
Adequate strength & Stiffness during service life
Adequate Margin of safety
COST ! Economical Design
Probability of failure based on design approach
Prevent limit state
Brittle Behavior
Experience
ASD & LRFD
TYPICAL SECTIONS
Cold Formed
ADVANTAGES OF STEEL
Uniform & Homogeneous ; Strength predictable
Higher strength comparative to other
High Ductility: Easy to understand failure
Easier and quicker to fabricate
Easier and quicker to build
Recycled
Not affected by weather
Easy to repair, maintain and inspect
DISADVANTAGES
Higher Cost
Not perfectly Susceptible to Environment
particularly higher chance of corrosion if not
properly coated: Extra Cost for Corrosion
Resistance
Low fire resistance
Stress Concentration due to mismatch
Fracture, fatigue : Cyclic loading
STEEL VS CONCRETE (DESIGN & BUILT)
1. Cheap
2. Less Earthquake Resistance
3. Generally Cast in Place
4. Flexible size and shape
5. Easier connections
6. Low chance of buckling
7. High self weight
8. Require longer construction time
9. More fire resistant
10. Easier maintenance
11. Comparatively Safe against
Blast load
12.Difficult repair and retrofit
1. Comparatively expensive
2. Better Earthquake Resistance
3. Generally prefabricated
4. Defined size and shape
5. Critical connections: Req Design
6. High chance of buckling
7. Low self weight
8. Very Short construction time compare to
concrete
9. More fire resistant
10. Easier maintenance
11. Not Safe against Blast load
12. Easier repair and retrofit and
strengthen
TYPES OF STEEL BASED ON STRENGTH
CONSTITUTIVE
LAW
STEEL STRESS-STRAIN BEHAVIOR
DESIGN METHODS-1
LRFD
Resistance or strength:R
n
Resistance factor:<1.0
Load Effect: Q
i
Load Factor:
i
Ru: Factored Load Effect
LRFD Safety Eqn: R
n
Ru
n i i R Q

DESIGN METHODS-2
ASD
Resistance or strength:R
n
Safety factor: >1.0
Load Effect: Q
i
Load Factor:
i
=1.00
Ra: Allowable Strength
ASD Safety Eqn: R
n
/ R
u

i Q
DESIGN OF TENSION MEMBERS
Structural Elements Subjected to Axial Tensile Forces
Cables in Suspension and Cable-Stayed Bridges
Trusses
Bracing for Buildings and Bridges
DESIGN OF STEEL TENSION MEMBERS
What is the maximum P?
LRFD Equation
P P
n i i R Q

Next Class
DESIGN OF STEEL TENSION MEMBERS
Equations for strength of tension members:
a) For yielding in the gross section:
b) For fracture in the net section:
g y n A F R
e u n A F R
P
P
DESIGN OF STEEL TENSION MEMBERS
Yielding in the gross section:
Max stress F
y
P P
Max stress F
u
YIELD STRESS OF GROSS SECTION
STRENGTH OF TENSION MEMBERS
NET AREA CALCULATION
NET AREA (A
n
) CALCULATION
NET AREA CALCULATION EXAMPLE
DESIGN OF STEEL TENSION MEMBERS
Equations for strength of tension members:
a) For yielding in the gross section:
b) For fracture in the net section:
g y n A F R
e u n A F R
90 . 0
75 . 0
IMPORTANT NOTES
LOAD COMBINATION
EFFECTIVE AREA (A
e
)
A
e
?
DETERMINATION OF L
W M S SHAPES
U FOR WELDED CONNECTION (1/2)
U FOR WELDED CONNECTION (2/2)
OTHERS
EXAMPLE-1
EXAMPLE 2
EXAMPLE-3
NEXT CLASS
BLOCK SHEAR