Hybrid-Double-Quad-Array Antennas

2005 by DC5ZM
The goal of this article is to show how construction can be made easy using cheap
material like cables and pvc-pipes applied for electrical house installations available
at any homestore. Reflectors work fine with any kind of metal plates or pcb.

The electrical impedance of a single double-quad-element varies with diameter of
element wire and with distance to reflector plate. So you also may succeed with
standard 75 Ohms coax cables. The proof of the pudding is in the eating !

But watch velocity factor v. Electromagnetic waves run on light speed in vaccuum
and free air only.
Moving in dielectricas like isolation material in coax cables slows down speed and
shortens the wavelength (greek: lambda). This effect will be taken in consideration
by multiplying light speed c with velocity factor v.

Figures on page 2 to 4 offer general hints for construction. For bending double quad
elements you may use a pair of flat nose pliers. But bending is more convenient
when using a self made gauge. For construction of the slot milling tools should be
available. When applying hard wood or plastic material even a regular circular saw
will do it.
On sheets 5, 6 and 7 you'll find detailed dimensions for building a 13cm and a 23cm
antenna fine for ATV,FM,SSB,Packet or WLAN.

PS: The author welcomes any feedback working with antenna.
Please mail your personal experience to:

weber.reinhardt@t-online.de
Hybrid-Douple-Quad-Array antennas
are easy to build and offer high
performance on gain.
In principle they may be adapted
to any frequency but due to
dimensions prefered
application is UHF
4 x
Coax
50 Ohms
l = n*v* /2
[ n =1,2,3..]
2 x
Coax
50 Ohms
l = (2n-1) *v * /4
[ n = 1,2,3...]
N / SMA
Socket
0
.
1
2
5

RG58
v = 0.66 d = 4.95mm
Aircell7
v = 0.83 d = 7.3 mm
Coax Cables
RG188
v = 0.71 d = 2.6 mm
= c / f
Gain
approx.
15dB / 17dB
D i
8
c = 2.99*10 m/s
d
Polarisation
0.45
>= 1.5
>
=

1
.
7

0
.
4
0

/
4
Reflector (Metal Plate)
2005 by DC5ZM
horizontal
vertical
50
25 100 100 25
Matching
50
5
0

5
0

50
50
5
0

5
0

50
l
d
Hybrid-Double-Quad-Array Antennas
Wavelenght
4
3
Al
2 ... 3
mm
3 mm
5

m
m
5

m
m2
approx.
1mm
1
6

m
m
6
16 mm
1
PVC
Pipe
Cu
2 ... 3
mm
solder
2005 by DC5ZM

/

8
Construction Hints
5
7
1
7
5
3 2
6
4
1
.
2
G
H
z
:

5
7
m
m

x

5
7
m
m
2
.
4
G
H
z
:

2
7
m
m

x

2
7
m
m
Slot 3mm x 3mm
6 mm
use
any
hard
material
Bending Gauge for Quad Elements
2005 by DC5ZM

/

4

-

d

W
I
R
E
d

W
I
R
E
1.2GHz
(24cm)
1
0
0
m
m
110
mm
400 mm
4
5
0

m
m
6
2
m
m
Al 2 -> 3 mm
2005 by DC5ZM
1
6
m
m
Cu
2->3
mm
d
l = v * 1.5 *
4x
solder
2x
l = v * / 4
v* /4 v * 1.5 * v d/mm
41.1 mm
51.7 mm
44.2 mm 265.4 mm 0.70
0.66
0.83
246.7 mm
310.2 mm
2.6 110 / -
65 / 100
26 / 38
4.95
7.3
Coax Type
RG58
LOSS dB/100m
1.3 / 2.3 GHz
Aircell7
RG188
Gain: approx. 14dB
D
f = 1.2 GHz
= 249.2 mm
Hybrid-Double-Quad-Array Antenna for 1.2 GHz
5
0
m
m
55
mm
200 mm
2
2
5

m
m
3
1
m
m
2.4GHz
(13cm)
Gain: approx. 14dB
D
f = 2.4 GHz
= 124.6 mm
2005 by DC5ZM
1
6
m
m
Cu
2->3
mm
d
l = v * 1.5 *
4x
solder
2x
l = v * / 4
Al 2 -> 3 mm
v* /4 v * 1.5 * v d/mm
20.6 mm
25.9 mm
22.1 mm 132.7 mm 0.70
0.66
0.83
123.4 mm
155.1 mm
2.6 110 / -
65 / 100
26 / 38
4.95
7.3
Coax Type
RG58
LOSS dB/100m
1.3 / 2.3 GHz
Aircell7
RG188
Hybrid-Double-Quad-Array Antenna for 2.4 GHz
Hybrid-Double-Quad-Array Antenna for 2.4 GHz
2005 by DC5ZM