Hydrogen

Semiconductors

Key:

Hydrogen
1.008

1s 1

Group 1

Period

Group 2

Symbol

Li

Be

Name

Lithium
6.94

Beryllium
9.012 182

[He]2s 1

[He]2s 2

Al

Aluminum
26.981 5386

Average atomic mass

Helium
4.002 602

Group 14

Group 13

Nonmetals
Halogens
Noble gases
Other nonmetals

[Ne]3s 23p 1

Electron configuration

He

Metals
Alkali metals
Alkaline-earth metals
Transition metals
Other metals

13

Atomic number

Group 18

(also known as metalloids)

Group 15

Group 16

1s 2

Group 17

10

Ne

Boron
10.81

Carbon
12.01 1

Nitrogen
14.007

Oxygen
15.999

Fluorine
18.998 4032

Neon
20.1797

[He]2s 22p 1

[He]2s 22p 2

[He]2s 22p 3

[He]2s 22p 4

[He]2s 22p 5

[He]2s 22p 6

13

14

15

16

17

18

Al

Si

Cl

Ar

Aluminum
26.981 5386

Silicon
28.085

Phosphorus
30.973 762

Sulfur
32.06

Chlorine
35.45

Argon
39.948

[Ne]3s 23p 1

[Ne]3s 23p 2

[Ne]3s 23p 3

[Ne]3s 23p 4

[Ne]3s 23p 5

[Ne]3s 23p 6

11

12

Na

Mg

Sodium
22.989 769 28

Magnesium
24.3050

[Ne]3s1

[Ne]3s 2

Group 3

Group 4

Group 5

Group 6

Group 7

Group 8

Group 9

Group 10

Group 11

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

35

36

Ca

Sc

Ti

Cr

Mn

Fe

Co

Ni

Cu

Zn

Ga

Ge

As

Se

Br

Kr

Potassium
39.0983

Calcium
40.078

Scandium
44.955 912

Titanium
47.867

Vanadium
50.9415

Chromium
51.9961

Manganese
54.938 045

Iron
55.845

Cobalt
58.933 195

Nickel
58.6934

Copper
63.546

Zinc
65.409

Gallium
69.723

Germanium
72.63

Arsenic
74.921 60

Selenium
78.96

Bromine
79.904

Krypton
83.798

[Ar]4s 1

[Ar]4s 2

[Ar]3d 14s 2

[Ar]3d 24s 2

[Ar]3d 34s 2

[Ar]3d 54s 1

[Ar]3d 54s 2

[Ar]3d 64s 2

[Ar]3d 74s 2

[Ar]3d 84s 2

[Ar]3d 104s 1

[Ar]3d 104s 2

[Ar]3d 104s 24p 1

[Ar]3d 104s 24p 2

[Ar]3d 104s 24p 3

[Ar]3d 104s 24p 4

[Ar]3d 104s 24p 5

[Ar]3d 104s 24p 6

Group 12

37

38

39

40

41

42

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

50

51

52

53

54

Rb

Sr

Zr

Nb

Mo

Tc

Ru

Rh

Pd

Ag

Cd

In

Sn

Sb

Te

Xe

Rubidium
85.4678

Strontium
87.62

Yttrium
88.905 85

Zirconium
91.224

Niobium
92.906 38

Molybdenum
95.94

Technetium
(98)

Ruthenium
101.07

Rhodium
102.905 50

[Kr]5s1

[Kr]5s 2

[Kr]4d 15s 2

Palladium
106.42

Silver
107.8682

Cadmium
112.411

Indium
114.818

Tin
118.710

Antimony
121.760

Tellurium
127.60

Iodine
126.904 47

Xenon
131.293

[Kr]4d 25s 2

[Kr]4d 45s1

[Kr]4d 55s 1

[Kr]4d 65s1

[Kr]4d 75s 1

[Kr]4d 85s 1

[Kr]4d 10

[Kr]4d 105s 1

[Kr]4d 105s 2

[Kr]4d 105s 25p 1

[Kr]4d 105s 25p 2

[Kr]4d 105s 25p 3

[Kr]4d 105s 25p 4

[Kr]4d 105s 25p 5

[Kr]4d 105s 25p 6

55

56

57

72

73

74

75

76

77

78

79

80

81

82

83

84

85

86

Cs

Ba

La

Hf

Ta

Re

Os

Ir

Pt

Au

Hg

Tl

Pb

Bi

Po

At

Rn

Cesium
132.905 4519

Barium
137.327

Lanthanum
138.905 47

Hafnium
178.49

Tantalum
180.947 88

Tungsten
183.84

Rhenium
186.207

Osmium
190.23

Iridium
192.217

[Xe]6s1

[Xe]5d 16s 2

Platinum
195.084

[Xe]6s 2

[Xe]4 f 14 5d 26s 2

[Xe]4f 145d 36s 2

[Xe]4f 145d 46s 2

[Xe]4f 145d 56s 2

[Xe]4f 145d 66s 2

[Xe]4f 145d 76s 2

14

Gold
196.966 569

[Xe]4f 5d 6s

14

10

[Xe]4f 5d 6s

Mercury
200.59
14

10

[Xe]4f 5d 6s

Thallium
204.38
2

14

10

Lead
207.2
2

[Xe]4f 5d 6s 6p

14

10

Bismuth
208.980 40
2

[Xe]4f 5d 6s 6p

14

10

Polonium
(209)

[Xe]4f 5d 6s 6p

14

10

Astatine
(210)
2

[Xe]4f 5d 6s 6p

14

Radon
(222)

10

[Xe]4f 5d 6s 6p

[Xe]4f 145d 106s 26p 6

87

88

89

104

105

106

107

108

109

110

111

112

113

114

115

116

117

118

Fr

Ra

Ac

Rf

Db

Sg

Bh

Hs

Mt

Ds

Rg

Cn

Uut*

Uuq*

Uup*

Uuh*

Uus*

Uuo*

Francium
(223)

Radium
(226)

Actinium
(227)

Rutherfordium
(261)

Dubnium
(262)

Seaborgium
(266)

Bohrium
(264)

Meitnerium
(268)

Darmstadtium
(271)

[Rn]7s 2

[Rn]6d 17s 2

[Rn]5 f 146d 27s 2

[Rn]5 f 146d 37s 2

[Rn]5f 146d 47s 2

[Rn]5 f 146d 57s 2

Hassium
(277)

[Rn]7s 1

[Rn]5 f 146d 77s 2

14

[Rn]5f 146d 67s 2

[Rn]5f 6d 7s

Roentgenium
(272)
14

10

[Rn]5f 6d 7s

Copernicium
(285)
14

10

[Rn]5f 6d 7s

Elements whose average atomic masses appear bolded

and italicized are recognized by the International Union
of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) to have several
stable isotopes. Thus, the average atomic mass for
each of these elements is officially expressed as a
range of values. A range of values expresses that the
average atomic mass of a sample of one of these
elements is not a constant in nature but varies
depending on the physical, chemical, and nuclear
history of the material in which the sample is found.
However, the values in this table are appropriate for
everyday calculations. A value given in parentheses is
not an average atomic mass but is the mass number of
that element's most stable or most common isotope.

14

10

[Rn]5f 6d 7s 7p

14

10

[Rn]5f 6d 7s 7p

Ununhexium
(292)

Ununpentium
(288)
2

14

10

[Rn]5f 6d 7s 7p

14

10

[Rn]5f 6d 7s 7p

Ununseptium
(294)
4

14

10

[Rn]5f 6d 7s 7p

Ununoctium
(294)
5

[Rn]5f 146d 107s 27p 6

The discoveries of elements with atomic numbers 113118 have been reported but not fully confirmed.

* The systematic names and symbols

for elements greater than 112 will
be used until the approval of trivial
names by IUPAC.

Ununquadium
(289)

Ununtrium
(284)
2

58

59

60

61

62

63

64

65

66

67

68

69

70

71

Ce

Pr

Nd

Pm

Sm

Eu

Gd

Tb

Dy

Ho

Er

Tm

Yb

Lu

Cerium
140.116

Praseodymium
140.907 65

Neodymium
144.242

Promethium
(145)

Samarium
150.36

Europium
151.964

Gadolinium
157.25

Terbium
158.925 35

Dysprosium
162.500

Holmium
164.930 32

Erbium
167.259

Thulium
168.934 21

Ytterbium
173.04

Lutetium
174.967

[Xe]4 f 15d 16s 2

[Xe]4 f 36s 2

[Xe]4 f 46s 2

[Xe]4f 56s 2

[Xe]4 f 66s 2

[Xe]4f 76s 2

[Xe]4f 75d 16s 2

[Xe]4f 96s 2

[Xe]4f 106s 2

[Xe]4f 116s 2

[Xe]4f 126s 2

[Xe]4f 136s 2

[Xe]4f 146s 2

[Xe]4f 145d 16s 2

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

100

101

102

103

Th

Pa

Np

Pu

Am

Cm

Bk

Cf

Es

Fm

Md

No

Lr

Thorium
232.038 06

Protactinium
231.035 88

Uranium
238.028 91

Neptunium
(237)

Plutonium
(244)

Americium
(243)

Curium
(247)

Berkelium
(247)

Californium
(251)

Einsteinium
(252)

Fermium
(257)

Mendelevium
(258)

Nobelium
(259)

Lawrencium
(262)

[Rn]6d 27s 2

[Rn]5f 26d 17s 2

[Rn]5 f 36d 17s 2

[Rn]5 f 46d 17s 2

[Rn]5f 67s 2

[Rn]5f 77s 2

[Rn]5f 76d 17s 2

[Rn]5f 97s 2

[Rn]5f 107s 2

[Rn]5f 117s 2

[Rn]5f 127s 2

[Rn]5f 137s 2

[Rn]5f 147s 2

[Rn]5f 146d 17s 2