Childhood Infectious Diseases

Disease Causative
Organism
Symptoms
Treatment
Mode of
transmissio
n
Prevention
Unique
Things About
Disease
Common
cold


hino virus
Sore
throat!
runny
nose!
snee"ing!
coughing!
pin# eye!
muscle
aches!
fever
Chic#en
soup
Aerosol!
touching
Close contact!
$ashing hands!
avoid touching
%or#ing on
vaccine&
Antibiotics
not useful in
fighting cold
but are useful
in bacterial
disease that
many times
are
associated
$ith the
aftermath of
a cold&
'nfluen"a (A viruses
Chills!
fever! sore
throat!
headache!
coughing!
Stay at
home! get
plenty of
rest! drin#
lots of
liquids!
over the
counter
medicine
)Tylenol*
saliva! nasal
secretions!
feces! blood!
through the
air )coughs
and
snee"es*
+accine! good
hygiene!
aerosols
,ou cannot
fully prevent
the flu $ith a
vaccine
because
there are so
many
different
#inds&
Strep throat

group A
streptococcal
infection
Sore
throat!
enlarged
tonsils!
yello$ and
$hite
patches on
the throat!
fever!
headache!
hives! rash!
nausea!
vomiting
Over the
counter
drugs!
antibiotics
!
Close
contact
$ith
someone
else $ho
has strep
throat
through the
air
'f in the same
house as sic#
person! then
ma#e sure they
cover their
mouth $hen
coughing! do not
handle their
tissues!
thoroughly $ash
their dishes
Can cause
heart
problems if
left
untreated! as
$ell as
Sydenham-s
Chorea )also
called Saint
+itus
Dance*&
Diphtheria



Corynebacteriu
m diphtheriae
fatigue!
fever! a mild
sore throat!
problems
s$allo$ing
nausea!
vomiting!
chills! and a
high fever
.o to
hospital
'CU
direct
physical
contact or
breathing
the
aerosoli"ed
secretions of
infected
individuals
antibiotics
'f mother is
immune to
the disease
baby $ill
have
immunity for
the first si/
month&
%hooping
Cough0
Pertussis




1ordetella
pertussis 2/treme
3%hoop45li
#e
coughing
antibiotic Contact
$ith
mucous
that is
coughed
out
+accine0antibiot
ic
Ma6or cause
of infant
mortality in
under
developed
countries&

Polio
)abortive*
Paralytic
type of
polio
(on
paralytic
type of
polio


poliovirus
Muscle
paralysis
(o direct
cure!
ventilators
!
fecal5oral
route
vaccine
Polio has been
eliminated in
the U& S& and is
on its $ay to
being
eliminated
$orld$ide&

Mononucleo
sis





monocytes constant
fatigue, fever,
sore throat,
loss of
appetite,
swollen
lymph nodes
(commonly
called glands,
located in
your neck,
underarms,
and groin),
headaches,
sore muscles,
larger-than-
normal liver
(o cure!
lots of rest
Deep
#issing!
sharing
saliva!
contact
$ith
infected
saliva
Avoid sharing
drin#s $ith
those $ho are
infected! avoid
#issing those
$ho have been
recently infected
Do not use
aspirin to
treat
symptoms&
Aspirin can
cause
condition
#no$n as
eyes
syndrome
and can lead
to liver failure
and death&
or spleen, skin
rash,
abdominal
pain
Chic#en Po/

varicella5"oster
rash
acyclovir Direct
contact
vaccine
! %ashing hands
frequently
Can cause
severe birth
defects
$ithin the
first 78
$ee#s of
pregnancy&
Shingles can
be a later
reaction to
chic#enpo/&
Mumps


Mumps virus
9ever!
headache!
Parotid
inflammatio
n
(o cure Coughing
and
snee"ing
Mumps vaccine
Once
contracted!
one has life
long
immunity
most of the
time& 'f an
adolescent
contracts
mumps! the
testicles or
ovaries can
s$ell and
become
inflamed
resulting in
sterility&
Measles
ubella


paramy/ovirus
9ever!
cough!
runny
nose! red
eyes
est and
supportive
treatment
air vaccine
'f a $oman
contracts
rubella
during
pregnancy
the follo$ing
conditions
can occur in
the baby:
gro$th
retardation!
mental
retardation
malformation
s of the
heart!
deafness as
$ell as liver
and spleen
damage&