The Rough Phrasebook Japanese Ingles

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Find words and phrases quickly and pronounce
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5eIect Iood and drink Irom any menu
Learn the basics oI Japanese grammar in no time
PeIy on the user-Iriendly situation dialogues
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THE ROUGH GUI DE
JAPANESE
PHRASEBOOK
Compiled by
LEXUS
www. roughgui des. com
RG New JAPANESE Section 1 minus 1 1 15/02/2006 21:11:08
Credits
Compiled by Lexus with T. Yahata Hyland and Kumi Liley
Lexus Series Editor: Sally Davies
Rough Guides Reference Director: Andrew Lockett
Rough Guides Series Editor: Mark Ellingham
First edition published in 1998 by Rough Guides Ltd.
Revised in 2001.
This updated edition published in 2006 by
Rough Guides Ltd,
80 Strand, London WC2R 0RL
345 Hudson St, 4th Floor, New York 10014, USA
Email: mail@roughguides.co.uk.
Distributed by the Penguin Group.
Penguin Books Ltd, 80 Strand, London WC2R 0RL
Penguin Putnam, Inc., 375 Hudson Street, NY 10014, USA
Penguin Group (Australia), 250 Camberwell Road,
Camberwell, Victoria 3124, Australia
Penguin Books Canada Ltd, 10 Alcorn Avenue, Toronto,
Ontario, Canada M4V 1E4
Penguin Group (New Zealand), Cnr Rosedale and Airborne Roads,
Albany, Auckland, New Zealand
Typeset in Bembo and Helvetica to an original design by Henry Iles.
Printed in Italy by LegoPrint S.p.A
No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without permission from
the publisher except for the quotation of brief passages in reviews.
Lexus Ltd 2006
304pp.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue for this book is available from the British Library.
ISBN 13: 978-1-84353-634-5
ISBN 10: 1-84353-634-X
The publishers and authors have done their best to ensure the
accuracy and currency of all information in The Rough Guide
Japanese Phrasebook however, they can accept no responsibility
for any loss or inconvenience sustained by any reader using the
book.
Online information about Rough Guides can be
found at our website www.roughguides.com
2
CONTENTS
Introduction 5
Basic Phrases 8
Scenarios 13
English - Japanese 31
Japanese - English 178
Japanese - English: Signs and Notices 215
Menu Reader
Food ........................................................................................................... 238
Drink .......................................................................................................... 258
How the Language Works
Pronunciation ......................................................................................263
Abbreviations ..................................................................................... 263
General; Articles; Nouns ........................................................... 264
Pronouns ................................................................................................ 265
Possessives ......................................................................................... 268
Postpositional Particles ............................................................. 269
Verbs ......................................................................................................... 275
Adjectives .............................................................................................. 279
Adverbs ................................................................................................... 282
Word Order; Yes and No ..................................................... 283
And .......................................................................................................... 284
Masculine and Feminine Forms of Speech ............... 285
Counting ................................................................................................. 286
Dates ........................................................................................................ 288
Days; Months; Time ...................................................................... 290
Numbers ................................................................................................. 292
Conversion Tables .......................................................................... 294
3
Introduction
T
he Rough Guide Japanese dictionary phrasebook is a highly
practical introduction to the contemporary language. Laid
out in clear A-Z style, it uses key-word referencing to lead you
straight to the words and phrases you want so if you need to
book a room, just look up room. The Rough Guide gets straight
to the point in every situation, in bars and shops, on trains and
buses, and in hotels and banks.
The main part of the Rough Guide is a double dictionary:
English-Japanese then Japanese-English. Before that, theres a sec-
tion called Basic Phrases and to get you involved in two-way
communication, the Rough Guide includes, in this new edition,
a set of Scenario dialogues illustrating questions and responses in
key situations such as renting a car and asking directions. You can
hear these and then download them free from www.roughguides.
com/phrasebooks for use on your computer or MP3 player.

Forming the heart of the guide, the English-Japanese section
gives easy-to-use transliterations of the Japanese words wherever
pronunciation might be a problem. Throughout this section,
cross-references enable you to pinpoint key facts and phrases,
while asterisked words indicate where further information can
be found in a section at the end of the book called How the
Language Works. This section sets out the fundamental rules of
the language, with plenty of practical examples. Youll also find
here other essentials like numbers, dates, telling the time and basic
phrases. The Japanese-English section is in two parts: a dictionary,
arranged phonetically, of all the words and phrases youre likely
to hear (starting with a section of slang and colloquialisms);
then a compilation, arranged by subject, of various signs, labels,
instructions and other basic words you may come across in print or
in public places.
Near the back of the book too the Rough Guide offers an
extensive Menu Reader. Consisting of food and drink sections
(each starting with a list of essential terms), its indispensable
whether youre eating out, stopping for a quick drink, or brows-
ing through a local food market.
!"#$%&'(
tanoshi goryoko o!
have a good trip!
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Basic
Phrases
RG New JAPANESE Basic Phrases.qxd 15/02/06 20:28 Page 7
yes
hai
_\
no
ie
\\_
OK
oke
_--
hello
konnichi wa
____
(on phone)
moshi-moshi
____
good morning
ohayo gozaimasu
____\_
good evening
komban wa
_____
good night (when leaving)
osaki ni
_
(when going to bed)
oyasuminasai
__\
goodbye (formal)
sayonara
__
(informal)
dewa mata
___
(between friends)
ja ne
__
see you later!
ja, mata!
____
please (requesting something)
onegai shimasu
Q\__
yes, please
hai, onegai shimasu
_\_Q\__
could you please ...?
... -te kuremasen ka?
____
thank you
arigato
[__
thank you very much
honto ni arigato gozaimasu
____[__
__\_
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no, thank you
ie kekko desu
\\___
dont mention it
do itashimashite
_\____
how do you do?
hajimemashite
_____
how are you?
ogenki desu ka?
__
Im fine, thanks
okagesama de
_,__
nice to meet you
hajimemashite
_____
excuse me (to get past)
shitsurei shimasu
___
excuse me! (to get attention)
chotto sumimasen!
___
excuse me/sorry
gomennasai
____\
sorry?/pardon me?
nante imashita ka?
j_\____
I see/I understand
naruhodo
___
I dont understand
wakarimasen
__[__
do you speak English?
Eigo o hanasemasu ka?
j_____
I dont speak Japanese
nihongo wa hanasemasen
[q_____
could you speak more slowly?
motto yukkuri hanashite
kuremasen ka?
___[__
____
could you repeat that?
mo ichido itte kuremasen
ka?
____
___
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Scenarios
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1. Accommodation
is there an inexpensive hotel you can recommend?
a yasume no hoteru o shkai shite kuremasu ka?
zannen desu ga, subete yoyaku zumi desu b
Im sorry, they all seem to be fully booked
can you give me the name of a good middle-range hotel?
a ch gurai no hoteru wa arimasu ka?
sdesu ne, chshin bu ga desu ka? b
let me have a look; do you want to be in the centre?
if possible
a dekireba
sukoshi hazure demo desu ka? b
do you mind being a little way out of town?
not too far out
a amari tku nai h ga desu
where is it on the map?
a chizu no doko desu ka?
can you write the name and address down?
a namae to jysho o kaite kudasai
Im looking for a room in a private house
a minsyuku o sagashite imasu
Id like to stay in a ryokan, a Japanese-style hotel
a ryokan ni tomaritai desu
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2. Banks
can you change this into yen?
a yen ni rygae shite kudasai
could I have three 10,000 yen notes, two
5,000 yen notes and five 100 yen coins?
a ichiman en satsu sanmai, gosen en
satsu nimai to hyaku en dama goko
kudasai
do you have information in English about
opening an account?
a kza ni tsuite Eigo no setsum wa
arimasu ka?
hai, donna kza ga desu ka? b
yes, what sort of account do you want?
Id like a current account pasupto o misete kudasai b
a tza yokin ga desu your passport, please
can I use this card to draw some cash?
a kono kdo de genkin ga hikidasemasu ka?
kaik ni itte kudasai b
you have to go to the cashiers desk
I want to transfer this to my account at Nippon Bank
a kore o Nippon Gink no watashi no kza ni skin shite kudasai
shchi shimashita, demo denwa rykin o itadakimasu b
OK, but well have to charge you for the phonecall
bank account gink kza
to change money rygae shimasu
cheque kogitte
to deposit yokin shimasu
pin number ansh bang
pound pondo
to withdraw hikidashi masu
kza bang
account number
tesry
commission

tza yokin
current account

chochik(u) yokin
savings account
shiten kdo
sort code
download these scenarios as MP3s from: www.roughguides.com/phrasebooks
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3. Booking a room
do you have any rooms?
a heya wa arimasu ka?
a nanm sama desu ka? for one/for two
for how many people? a hitori desu/futari desu
a hai, aki beya ga arimasu
yes, we have rooms free
a nanpaku desu ka? just for one night
for how many nights? a hito ban dake desu
how much is it?
a ikura desu ka?
furo tsuki de ichi man en, furo nashi de hassen en desu b
ten thousand yen with bathroom and eight thousand yen without
bathroom
does that include breakfast?
a chshoku tsuki desu ka?
can I see a room with bathroom?
a furo tsuki no heya o misete kuremasu ka?
ok, Ill take it
a kore ni shimasu
when do I have to check out?
a chekku auto wa nanji desu ka?
is there anywhere I can leave luggage?
a nimotsu okiba wa arimasu ka?
shower shaw
telephone in the room heya no denwa
payphone in the lobby kshdenwa
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4. Car hire
Id like to rent a car
a renta k o karitainodesu ga
a nan nichi kan desu ka? two days
for how long? a futsuka desu
Ill take the ...
ani shimasu
is that with unlimited mileage? hai b
a sk kyori wa musgen desu ka? it is
menkyo sh o misete kudasai b
can I see your driving licence, please?
sorekara pasupto mo b
and your passport
is insurance included?
a hoken komi desu ka?
so desu ga, saisho no ichi man en wa jiko futan gaku desu b
yes, but you have to pay the first ten thousand yen
hoshkin wa ichi man en desu b
can you leave a deposit of ten thousand yen?
and if this office is closed, where do I leave the keys?
a kono ofisu ga shimatte itara dokoni k o kaeshimash ka?
ano hako ni irete kudasai b
you drop them in that box
automatic o-tomachikku
full tank mantan
manual manyuaru
rented car renta k
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5. Communications
is there an Internet caf around here?
a kono chikaku ni intnetto kafe wa arimasu ka?
can I send email from here?
a koko kara denshi mru o okuremasu ka?
wheres the at sign on the keyboard?
a kono kbdo dewa dore ga atto desu ka?
can you switch this to a UK keyboard?
a UK kbdo ni henkan dekimasu ka?
can you help me log on?
a rogu in o tetsudatte kuremasu ka?
Im not getting a connection, can you help?
a setsuzoku dekimasen, mite kuremasu ka?
where can I get a top-up card for my mobile?
a doko de ktai denwa no toppu appu kdo o kaemasu ka?
can you put me through to...?
a ni tsunaide kudasai
ADSL modem ADSL modemu
at atto
dial-up modem daiyaru appu modemu
dot dotto
Internet intnetto
mobile (phone) ktai (denwa)
password pasuwdo
telephone socket adaptor denwa soketto adaput
wireless hotspot waiyaresu hotto supotto
zero zero
one ichi
two ni
three san
four yon
five go
six roku
seven nana
eight hachi
nine ky
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6. Directions
hi, Im looking for Shinjuku
a sumimasen, Shinjuku o sagashite imasu
gomennasai, shirimasen b
sorry, never heard of it
hi, can you tell me where Shinjuku is?
a sumimasen, Shinjuku wa dochira desu ka?
watashi mo shiranaindesu b
Im a stranger here too
hi, Shinjuku, do you know where it is?
a sumimasen, Shinjuku wa doko daka wakarimasu ka ?
sono kado b
around the corner
futatsume no shing o hidari b
left at the second traffic lights
soshite saisho no migi no michi b
then its the first street on the right
where? which direction?
doko? dochira no hgaku?
asoko ni
over there
chikaku
near
hantai gawa
opposite
hidari ni
on the left
no mae
in front of
massugu
mae
straight
ahead
migi(gawa) ni
on the right
motto saki
further
o sugite
past the ...
sugu ato
just after
tonari, tsugi
next
tri
street
ushiro
back
wakare michi
turn off
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7. Emergencies
help!
a tasukete!
can you help me?
a tasukete kudasai
please come with me! its really very urgent
a issho ni kite kudasai! kinky jitai desu
Ive lost (my keys)
a (kagi) o nakushimashita
(my car) is not working
a (kuruma) ga kosh shimashita
(my purse) has been stolen
a (saifu) ga nusumaremashita
Ive been mugged
a gt ni aimashita
o namae wa? b
whats your name?
pasupto o misete kudasai b
I need to see your passport
Im sorry, all my papers have been stolen
a gomennasai, shorui ga zembu nusumaremashita
accident
jiko
ambulance
kykysha
consul
ryjikan
embassy
taishikan
fire brigade
shbtai
police
ksatsu
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8. Friends
hi, howre you doing?
a konnichiwa, o genki desu ka?
hai, anata wa? b
OK, and you?
yeah, fine not bad
a ee, genki desu a waruku arimasen
dyou know Mark?
a Mark-san o go zonji desu ka?
and this is Hannah ee, shitte imasu b
a kochira wa Hannah-san desu yeah, we know each other
where do you know each other from?
a doko de o ai ni narimashita ka?
Kenji-san no tokoro de ai mashita b
we met at Kenjis place
that was some party, eh? saik b
a yoi pt deshita ne? the best
are you guys coming for a beer?
a bru o nomini ikimasen ka?
a ne, ikimash a e, Yko-san to aimasu
cool, lets go no, Im meeting Yko
see you at Lukes place tonight jy ne b
a Luke-san no tokoro de konya aimash see you
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9. Health
Im not feeling very well
a kibun ga suguremasen
can you get a doctor?
a isha o yonde kuremasu ka?
doko ga itai desu ka? b
where does it hurt?
it hurts here
a koko ga itai desu
a itami wa tsuzuite imasu ka? its not a constant pain
is the pain constant? a zutto itaku wa arimasen
can I make an appointment?
a yoyaku wa toremasu ka?
can you give me something for ...?
a no kusuri o kuremasu ka?
yes, I have insurance
a hai, hoken ni haitte imasu
antibiotics ksbusshitsu
antiseptic ointment kandome nank
cystitis bken
dentist haisha
diarrhoea geri
doctor isha
hospital byin
ill byki
medicine kusuri
painkillers itami dome
pharmacy yakkyoku
to prescribe shoh suru
thrush kanjida sh
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10. Language difficulties
anata no kurejitto kdo wa kyohi saremashita b
your credit card has been refused
what, I dont understand; do you speak English?
a e? wakarimasen, Eigo o hanasemasu ka?
kore wa muk desu b
this isnt valid
could you say that again? slowly
a m ichido itte kudasai a yukkuri
I understand very little Japanese
a Nihongo wa hotondo hanasemasen
I speak Japanese very badly
a Nihongo wa amari hanasemasen
kono kdo de harau koto wa dekimasen b
you cant use this card to pay
a wakarimasu ka? sorry, no
do you understand? a gomennasai, wakarimasen
is there someone who speaks English?
a dare ka Eigo o hanaseru hito wa imasu ka?
oh, now I understand
a , ima wakarimashita
is that ok now?
a dewa, kore de desu ka?
a few words ikutsu ka no kotoba
interpreter tsyaku
to translate honyaku suru
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11. Meeting people
hello
a konnichiwa
konnichiwa, watashi wa Kumiko desu b
hello, my names Kumiko
Graham, from England, Thirsk
a watashi wa Igirisu no Thirsk kara kita Graham desu
sore wa shirimasen, doko desu ka? b
dont know that, where is it?
not far from York, in the North; and you?
a hokubu no York no chikaku desu, anata wa?
watashi wa saka kara kimashita, anata wa kochira dewa o hitori
desu ka? b
Im from saka; here by yourself?
no, Im with my wife and two kids
a e, tsuma to kodomo futari ga kochira ni imasu
what do you do? kompyt kank desu b
a o shigoto wa? Im in computers
me too
a watashi mo
heres my wife now
a kore ga watashi no tsuma desu
hajime mashite b
nice to meet you
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12. Post offices
what time does the post office close? syjitsu wa goji desu b
a ybinkyoku wa nanji ni shimarimasu ka? five oclock weekdays
is the post office open on Saturdays? shgo made b
a Doybi ni ybinkyoku wa aite imasu ka? until midday
Id like to send this registered to England
a kore o Igirisu ni kakitome de okuritai no desu ga
wakarimashita, san byaku yen desu b
certainly, that will cost 300 yen
and also two stamps for England, please
a sorekara Igirisu e no kitte o ni mai kudasai
do you have some airmail stickers?
a kkbin no sutekk wa arimasu ka?
do you have any mail for me?
a watashi e no ybinbutsu wa arimasu ka?
airmail
kkbin
post card
ehagaki
post office
ybinkyoku
stamp
kitte
kokunai domestic
/ kaigai/kokusai international
shokan letters
kozutsumi parcels
kyokudome ybin poste restante
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13. Restaurants
can we have a non-smoking table?
a kinen seki o onegai shimasu?
there are two of us there are four of us
a futari desu a yonin desu
whats this? sakana no issyu desu b
a korewa nan desu ka? its a type of fish
kono tochi no mbutsu desu b
its a local speciality
naka ni dzo, o mise shimash b
come inside and Ill show you
we would like two of these, one of these, and one of those
a kore o futatsu, kore o hitotsu, soshite are o hitotsu kudasai
a o nomimono wa? red wine white wine
and to drink? a aka wain a shiro wain
a beer and two orange juices
a bru hitotsu to orenji jsu futatsu
some more bread please
a motto pan o kudasai
a ikaga deshita ka? excellent!, very nice!
how was your meal? a saik! totemo oishikatta desu!
a hoka ni wa? just the bill thanks
anything else? a okanj onegai shimasu
bill kanj gaki
menu meny
table tburu
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14. Shopping
nani ka, o sagashi desu ka? b
can I help you?
can I just have a look around? yes, Im looking for ...
a miru dake desu a hai, o kaitaino desu ga
how much is this?
a kore wa ikura desu ka?
ni sen en b
two thousand yen
OK, I think Ill have to leave it; its a little too expensive for me
a wakarimashita, yamete okimasu, sukoshi taka sugi masu
kore wa d desu ka? b
how about this?
can I pay by credit card?
a kurejitto kdo de haraemasu ka?
its too big its too small
a ki sugi masu a chsa sugi masu
its for my son hes about this high
a musuko no desu kore gurai no takasa desu
a hoka ni nani ka? thats all thanks
will there be anything else? a kore de zembu desu
make it five thousand yen and Ill take it
a go sen en ni shite kurereba kai masu
fine, Ill take it
a desu, kaimasu
o shiharai cash desk
hten closed
kaiten open
bgen sru sale
torikaeru to exchange
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15. Sightseeing
Im interested in seeing the old town
a kyshigai ga mitai desu
are there guided tours?
a gaido tsuki no tsu wa arimasu ka?
mshiwake arimasen, manseki desu b
Im sorry, its fully booked
how much would you charge to drive us around for four hours?
a yo jikan no kank doraibu wa ikura desu ka?
can we book tickets for the concert here?
a koko de konsto no kippu o yoyaku dekimasu ka?
a hai, o namae wa? a dono kurejitto kdo?
yes, in what name? which credit card?
where do we pick up the tickets?
a kippu wa doko de moraemasu ka?
iriguchi de uketotte kudasai b
just pick them up at the entrance
is it open on Sundays?
a Nichiybi wa aite imasu ka?
how much is it to get in?
a njry wa ikura desu ka?
are there reductions for groups of 6?
a roku nin no dantai ni waribiki wa arimasu ka?
that was really impressive!
a totemo yokatta desu!
art gallery bijutsukan
bus tour basu tsu
city centre chshinbu
closed shimatte iru
guide gaido
museum hakubutsukan
open aite iru
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16. Trains
how much is ...?
a wa ikura desu ka?
a single, second class to ...
a katamichi hitori, futssha, made
two returns, second class to ...
a fuku futari, futssha, ... made
for today for tomorrow for next Tuesday
a ky no a ashita no a raisy no Kaybi
Shinkansen wa tokubetsu rykin desu b
theres a supplement for the Bullet Train
zaseki o yoyaku shimasu ka? b
do you want to make a seat reservation?
Okayama de norikaete kudasai b
you have to change at Okayama
what time is the last train to Kyoto?
a Kyoto e no saisydensha wa nanji desu ka?
is this seat free?
a kono seki wa aite imasu ka?
excuse me, which station are we at?
a sumimasen, koko wa doko no eki desu ka?
is this where I change for Okayama?
a Okayama e wa koko de norikae desu ka?
to change trains norikaeru
platform purattofmu
return fuku
single katamichi
station eki
stop eki
ticket kippu
English
Japanese
RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 29
A
a, an* hitotsu (no)
_[,
about: about 20 ni-ju kurai
_(_\
its about 5 oclock goji goro
__
a film about Japan Nihon ni
tsuite no eiga
[q_\,g
above no ue ni
,__
abroad gaikok de
;p
absorbent cotton das
shimen
_
accelerator akseru
)
accept (present) uketorimasu
_[_
(credit card etc) uketsukemasu
__
accident jiko
theres been an accident jiko

ga arimashita
_[___
accommodation heya
__
account koza
|_
accurate seikak (na)
_Q[
ache itami
my back aches koshi ga itai

desu
Q_\
across: across the road michi
no mukogawa
_,Q
adapter adapta
-
address jusho
_
whats your address?
gojusho wa?
___
address book jushorok
__
admission charge
nyujoryo
|
adult otona
_[
advance: in advance mae-
mot
te
j_
aeroplane hikoki
g
after no ato de
,Q
after you dozo osaki ni
___
after lunch chushoku-go ni
__Q_
after all kek
kyoku
_
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afternoon gogo
qQ
in the afternoon gogo ni
qQ_
this afternoon kyo no gogo
ni
_[,qQ_
aftershave afuta-shebu
-_
aftersun cream afutasan-
roshon
-)+-
afterwards ato de
Q
again mata
__
against (opposed to) to
hantai (no)
_)[,
(position) ni tatekakete
___
age toshi
agent dairinin
{[
ago mae
j
a week ago is
shukan-mae
_gj
an hour ago ichijikan-mae
gj
agree: I agree dokan desu
[_
agreement kyotei
__
AIDS eizu
a_
air kuki
_
by air (travel) hikoki de
g
(send) kokubin de
_Q
air-conditioning eya-kon
a
airmail: by airmail kokubin de
_Q
airmail envelope kokubin-yo
futo
_Qj__
airplane hikoki
g
airport kuko
__
to the airport, please kuko
made, onegai shimasu
___Q\__
airport bus rimujin-basu

|
aisle seat tsurogawa no seki
_Q,
alarm clock mezamashi-
dokei
___
alcohol arukoru
)-)
alcoholic drink osake

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all: all the ... wa min
na
__
all of it sore zembu
____
all of them zembu
___
thats all, thanks sore dake
desu, domo arigato
___
_[__
allergic: Im allergic to ...
watashi wa arerugi desu
__)-
allowed: is it allowed? i desu

ka?
\\_
all right kek
ko desu
_
(I agree) dokan desu
[_
Im all right daijobu desu
_
are you all right? daijobu
desu ka?
__
almost hotondo
____
alone hitori
_[
already mo
_
also mo
_
although keredomo
__
although its expensive takai
keredomo
\__
altogether zembu de
___
always itsumo
\_
am*: I am watashi wa desu
__
am: at 7am gozen shichiji ni
qj_
at 1am gozen ichiji ni
qQ__
amazing (surprising) odoroku-
beki
___
(very good) subarashi
__\
ambulance kyukyusha
j_
call an ambulance!
kyukyusha o yonde
kudasai!
j_____
_\
America Amerika
|
American (adj) Amerika (no)
|[,
Im American watashi wa
Amerika-jin desu
__|[
among no naka de
,_
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amount ryo
_
(of money) gak
_
amp: a 13-amp fuse
jusan-ampeya no hyuz
_,_-
and* soshite
__
(with nouns) to
_
(at beginning of sentence)
sorekara
__
angry okot
ta
__
animal dobutsu
_
ankle ashikubi
__
anniversary (wedding)
kek
kon-kinen-bi
____[
annoy: this mans annoying
me kono hito wa watashi o
komarasete imasu
_,____
\_
annoying iraira suru
\\_
another (different) betsu no
j,
(one more) mo hitotsu
__
can we have another room?
betsu no heya wa arimasu
ka?
j,___[_
_
another beer, please biru o
mo hitotsu onegai shimasu
_-)___
Q\__
antibiotics kosei-bus
shitsu
____
antihistamine ko-hisutamin-
zai
_
antique: is it an antique? sore
wa kot
tohin desu ka?

____
_
antique shop kot
tohin-ten
___
antiseptic shodoku-zai
any: do you have any ...? o

mot
te imasu ka?
_]\_
_
have you got any bread/
cherries? pan/sakuranbo wa
arimasu ka?
_____
[__
sorry, I dont have any
sumimasen, mot
te imasen
___]
\__
anybody dare ka
_
does anybody speak
English? dare ka Eigo ga
hanasemasu ka?
_j____
_
there wasnt anybody there
soko niwa dare mo imasen
deshita
_____\_
___
anything nani ka
j_
dialogue
anything else? hoka ni
nani ka?
nothing else, thanks hoka
niwa nai desu, arigato
would you like anything to
drink? nani ka nomimasu
ka?
I dont want anything,
thanks nani mo hoshiku
arimasen, arigato
apart from igai dewa
;_
apartment apat(o)
-_
apartment block manshon
appetizer zensai
j_
apple rin
go
[__
appointment yoyaku
_
dialogue
good morning, how can I
help you? ohayo
gozaimasu, ikaga
itashimasho?
Id like to make an
appointment yoyaku o
shitai no desu ga
what time would you like?
nanji ga yoroshi desu
ka?
three oclock sanji ga i
desu
Im afraid thats not
possible, is four oclock all
right? moshiwake
arimasen ga sanji wa
ip
pai desu, yoji dewa

ikaga desu ka?
yes, that will be fine hai, i
desu
the name was? onamae o
itadakemasu ka?
apricot anzu
_
April Shigatsu
]
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are* desu
you are (sing) anata wa

desu
__
they are (men/women) karera/
kanojotachi wa desu
__[__
area chiki
_
area code shigai-kyokuban
;_
arm ude
arrange tehai shimasu

q___
will you arrange it for us? sore
o tehai shite kuremasu ka?
__q___
__
arrival tochaku
g
arrive tsukimasu
__
when do we arrive? itsu
tsukimasu ka?
\___
has my fax arrived yet?
watashi no fak
kus wa
todokimashita ka?
_,_
_____
we arrived today kyo
tsukimashita
_____
art bijutsu
j
art gallery bijutsu-kan
j
artist geijutsu-ka
__
as: as big as ... to onaji
okisa no
_[____,
as soon as possible dekiru
dake hayaku
__{_
ashtray haizara
Q
Asia Ajia
Asian (adj) Ajia (no)

[,
(noun) Ajia-jin
[
ask tanomimasu
_
I didnt ask for this kore wa
tanonde imasen
___\_
_
could you ask him to ...? kare
ni yo tanonde
kuremasen ka?
_____
___
asleep: shes asleep kanojo
wa nemut
te imasu
_[__\_
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aspirin asupirin
_|
asthma zensoku
____
astonishing odoroku hodo
(no)
____[,
at: at the hotel hoteru de
)
at the station eki de
j
at six oclock rokuji ni
(_
at YukikosYukiko-san no
tokoro de
____,__
ATM genkin-jido-shiharaiki
j____g
attractive miryoku-teki (na)
_g[
August Hachigatsu
]
aunt (ones own) oba
_
(someone elses) oba-san
___
Australia Osutoraria
_-__|
Australian (adj) Osutoraria
(no)
_-__|
[,
Im Australian watashi wa
Osutoraria-jin desu
___-__|
[
automatic (adj) jido (no)
_[,
(noun: car) otomachik
ku
_-_
autumn aki
in the autumn aki ni

_
avalanche nadare
avenue odori
__[
average (not good) heikin-teki
(na)
q]g[
on average heikin shite
q]_
awake: is he awake? kare wa
okite imasu ka?
____\_
_
away: go away! at
chi e it
te!
\
is it far away? toi desu ka?
_\_
awful hidoi
_\
B
baby akachan
j_
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baby food bebi-fudo
_--_
babys bottle honyubin
___
baby-sitter bebi-shit
ta
_--
back (of body) senaka
J
(back part) ura
_
at the back ushiro ni
Q_
can I have my money back?
okane o kaeshite
kuremasen ka?
______
__
to come back modot
te
kimasu
__
to go back modot
te
ikimasu
\__
backache koshi no itami
Q,
bacon bekon
-
bad warui
_\
a bad headache hidoi zutsu
_\
not bad mama desu
__
badly hidoku
__
badminton badominton
__
bag kaban
___
(paper bag) fukuro
_
(carrier bag) biniru-bukuro
_.-)_
(handbag) handobag
gu
_
baggage nimotsu
{_
baggage checkroom
tenimotsu-azukari-jo
q{__[
baggage claim
tenimotsu-uketori-jo
q{__
bakers pan-ya
_
balcony beranda
_
a room with a balcony
beranda-tsuki no heya
__,__
ball boru
-)
ballpoint pen boru-pen
-)
bamboo take
bamboo shoots takenoko

_,_
banana banana
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e
band (musical) bando
_
bandage hotai
_q
Bandaid bando-eido
_a__
bank (money) ginko
_
bank account ginko-koza
_|_
bankers draft kawase-tegata
_q
bar ba
-
a bar of chocolate
chokoreto-ba
-_-
barbers toko-ya
_
baseball yakyu
]Q
basket kago
__
(in shop) basuket
to
_
basketball basuket
to-boru
_-)
bath ofuro
can I have a bath? ofuro ni

hait
te mo i desu ka?
__\_
\\_
bathroom ofuro-ba
with a private bathroom

basu-tsuki no heya
_,__
bath towel basu-taoru
_)
bathtub yokuso
__
battery (for radio etc)
denchi
__
(for car) bat
teri
|-
bay wan
be* desu
beach hamabe
_
on the beach hamabe de
_
bean curd tofu
_
beans mame
_
soya beans daizu
__
beard hige
,
beautiful (object, painting)
subarashi
__\
(person, view) kirei (na)
_\
(building) utsukushi
j_\
because nazenara
_
because of ... no tame ni
,___
bed (Western-style) bed
do
_
(Japanese-style) nedoko
Im going to bed now

sorosoro nemasu
___
bed and breakfast
choshoku-tsuki yado
g__
bedding (Japanese) futon
___
bedroom shinshitsu
_
beef gyuniku
@|
beer biru
_-)
two beers, please biru
futatsu, onegai shimasu
_-)___Q
\__
before mae ni
j_
begin hajimarimasu
q_[_
when does it begin? itsu
hajimarimasu ka?
\q_[__
beginner shoshinsha
|_
beginning: at the beginning
hajime ni
q__
behind no ushiro ni
,Q_
behind me watashi no
ushiro ni
_,Q_
below no shita ni
,_
belt beruto
)_
bend (in road) kabu
-
berth (on ship) shindai
_
beside no soba ni
,___
best saiko (no)
_[,
better mot
to i
___\
are you feeling better?
kibun wa yoku narimashita
ka?
___[__
__
between no aida ni
,g_
beyond no muko ni
,__
bicycle jitensha
_g
big oki
__\
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too big okisugimasu
___
its not big enough
chisasugimasu
__
bikini bikini
__.
bill seikyusho
_
(in restaurant, bar etc) okanjo
_
(US: banknote) shihei
could I have the bill, please?

okanjo o onegai shimasu
__Q\_
_
bin gomibako
_
bird tori
birthday tanjobi
__[
happy birthday! otanjobi
omedeto gozaimasu!
__[__
__\_
biscuit bisuket
to
__
bit: a little bit sukoshi
__
a big bit oki bubun
__\_
a bit of ... o sukoshi
___
a bit expensive chot
to takai
desu
_\
bite (by insect) mushi-sasare
___
(by dog) inu no kamikizu
_,_
bitter (taste etc) nigai
__\
black kuroi
j\
blanket mofu
_[
blind me no fujiyu na
hito (no)
,/__[
[,
blinds buraindo
___
blocked (road, pipe) fusagat
ta
____
(sink) tsumat
ta
__
blond (adj) kimpatsu (no)
__[,
blood ketsu
eki
_
high blood pressure
koketsu
atsu
__
blouse burausu
_
blow-dry buro-dorai
+-___
Id like a cut and blow-dry
kat
to to buro-dorai o
onegai shimasu
__+-__
__Q\__
blue aoi
\
boarding pass tojoken
_
boat boto
-_
(for passengers) fune
_
body karada
_
boiled egg yude-tamago
___
boiled rice gohan
___
bone hone
__
bonnet (of car) bon
net
to
__
book (noun) hon
q
(verb) yoyaku shimasu
___
can I book a seat? seki o
yoyaku dekimasu ka?
____
_
dialogue
Id like to book a table for
two teburu o futari-yo ni
yoyaku shitai no desu ga
what time would you like it
booked for? nanji ni
otorishimasho ka?
half past seven shichiji-
han ni onegai shimasu
thats fine o-uke-
itashimasu
and your name?
dochirasama desu ka?
bookshop, bookstore hon-ya
q_
boot (footwear) butsu
-
(of car) toranku
__
border (of country) kok
kyo
p_
bored: Im bored taikutsu
desu
__
boring taikutsu (na)
__
born: I was born in ... (place)
de umaremashita
_____
(year) ni umaremashita
______
borrow karimasu
j[_
may I borrow ...? o
okarishite mo i desu ka?
_j[__\
\_
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both ryoho
bother: sorry to bother you

otesu o okakeshite
sumimasen
q___
__
bottle bin
_
a bottle of sake sake ip
pon
q
bottle-opener sen
nuki
j_
bottom (of person) oshiri
j
at the bottom of the ... no
soko ni
,__
(hill, mountain) no fumoto
ni
,____
(road, street) no tsukiatari
ni
,__[_
bowl (porcelain) chawan
(wooden) owan
Q
box hako
(wooden) kibako
box office kip
p-uriba
|_[
boy otoko no ko
,_
boyfriend boi-frendo
-__
bra braja
_\-
bracelet buresuret
to
_
brake (noun) bureki
-_
brandy burande
_-
bread pan
white bread shiro-pan
brown bread kuro-pan

j
wholemeal bread zenryuko
no pan
_j|,
break (verb) kowashimasu
Q__
Ive broken the ... o
kowashite shimai-
mashita
_Q___\
___
I think Ive broken my wrist
domo tekubi o ot
ta yo
desu
__q___
_
break down kosho shimasu
g__
Ive broken down kuruma ga
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enko shimashita
_a____
breakdown kosho
g
breakdown service rek
ka-sha
-
breakfast choshoku
g_
break-in: Ive had a break-in
dorobo ni hairaremashita
____\
___
breast chibusa
_
bridge (over river) hashi
brief mijikai
\
briefcase burifu-kesu
|--
bright (light etc) akarui
__\
(colour) azayaka (na)
___[
brilliant subarashi
__\
bring mot
te kimasu
]__
Ill bring it back later atode
kaeshi ni kimasu
Q_____
Britain Eikoku
jp
British (adj) Eikoku (no)
jp[,
brochure panfret
to
_
broken kowareta
Q_
(leg etc) hone ga oreta
__
brooch burochi
+-
brother kyodai
__
(elder: ones own) ani
_
(someone elses) oni-san
___
(younger: ones own) ototo
_
(someone elses) ototo-san
___
brother-in-law giri no kyodai
],__
(elder: ones own) giri no ani
],_
(someone elses) giri no
oni-san
],___
(younger: ones own) giri no
ototo
],_
ototo-san
],___
brown cha-iro (no)
_
bruise daboku-sho
|__
brush (for hair) burashi
_
(artists) efude
_q
(for cleaning) hoki
__
Buddha hotoke-sama
_
Buddhism Buk
kyo
_
Buddhist (adj) Buk
kyo (no)
_[,
(noun) Buk
kyoto
__
buffet car shokudosha
__
buggy (for child) uba-guruma
_
building biru
_)
bullet train shinkansen
[
bunk shindai
_
bureau de change ryogae-jo
_
burglary oshikomi-goto
|___
burn (noun) yakedo
__
(verb) yakedo shimasu
____
burnt: this is burnt (food) kore
wa kogete imasu
__,\_
bus basu
what number bus is it to ...?

-iki no basu wa namban
desu ka?
_,_
j__
when is the next bus to ...?
tsugi no -iki no basu wa
nanji desu ka?
,_,
_j_
what time is the last bus?
saishu basu wa nanji desu
ka?
__j
_
dialogue
does this bus go to ...?
kono basu wa -iki
desu ka?
no, you need a number ...
ie, ban no basu desu
business shigoto
_
(company) kaisha
__
business card meishi
business hotel
bijinesu-hoteru
__)
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B
u
businessman bijinesu-man
__
business trip shut
cho
__
businesswoman kyaria-uman
_\|-
bus station basu-taminaru
-)
bus stop basu-tei
bust basuto
_
busy (restaurant etc) konde iru
__\_
Im busy tomorrow ashita wa
isogashi desu
_____\
but demo
_
butchers niku-ya
|_
butter bata
-
button botan
buy kaimasu
\_
where can I buy ...? doko de
ga kaemasu ka?
_____
_
by: by car kuruma de
by bus basu de
written by ... ga kaita

__\_
by the window mado no soba
_,__
by the sea umi no soba
,__
by Thursday Moku
yobi
made ni
Q[__
bye dewa mata
___
(between friends) ja ne
__
C
cabin (on ship) senshitsu
__
(in mountains) yamagoya
__
cable car keburu-ka
-)-
caf kis
saten
_
cake keki
-_
cake shop keki-ya
-__
calendar karenda
-
lunar calendar kyureki
g
call (verb: to phone) denwa
shimasu
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u
____
whats it called? kore wa
nan to imasu ka?
_____
\__
he/she is called ...
kare/kanojo wa to
imasu
__[___
\_
please call the doctor isha o
yonde kudasai
____
__\
please give me a call at
7.30am tomorrow ashita no
asa shichi-ji han ni denwa
o kudasai
__,g_
_____\
please ask him to call me
kare ni denwa o kureru yo
tsutaete kudasai
________
____\
call back: Ill call back later
ato de mata ukagaimasu
Q____\
_
(phone back) ato de mata
denwa shimasu
Q______
call round: Ill call round
tomorrow ashita ukagaimasu
____\_
calligraphy shodo
__
camcorder bideo-kamera
___
camera kamera
_
camera shop kamera-ya
__
campsite kyamp-jo
_\
can kanzume
__
a can of beer kan-biru
_-)
can*: can you ...? -koto ga
dekimasu ka?
_____
_
can I have ...? o morat
te
mo i desu ka?
___\\
_
I cant ... -koto ga
dekimasen
_____
_
Canada Kanada
Canadian (adj) Kanada (no)

[,
Im Canadian watashi wa
Kanada-jin desu
__[
canal un
ga
_p
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cancel torikeshimasu
[__
candies kyandi
_\-
candle rosoku
+
canoe kanu
-
canoeing kanuingu
-_
can-opener kankiri
|[
cap (hat) boshi
__
(of bottle) futa
__
car kuruma
by car kuruma de
card (birthday etc) kado

-_
New Years card nen
gajo
j
heres my (business) card
watashi no meishi desu
_,
cardphone kado-denwa
-___
careful chuibukai
___\
be careful! ki o tsukete!
_
carp koi
_\
car park chushajo
g
carpet jutan
___
carp streamer koi-nobori
_\,_[
car rental rentaka
-
carriage (of train) kyakusha
_
carrier bag biniru-bukuro
_.-)_
carrot ninjin
____
carry mochimasu
]_
carry-cot keitai-yo
bebi-bed
do
qj_-_
carton pak
ku
cartoon (film) animeshon

.-
cash (noun) genkin
j_
(verb) genkin ni kaemasu
j_____
will you cash this for me?
genkin ni kaete kuremasen
ka?
j______
__
cash desk kaikei
_
cash dispenser
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genkin-jido-shiharaiki
j____g
cassette kaset
to
_
cassette recorder
kaset
to-rekoda
_--
castle shiro
casualty department
kyukyubyoto
j_Q
cat neko
__
catch tsukamaemasu
____
where do we catch the bus
to ...? -iki no basu wa
doko kara dete imasu ka?
_,__
___\_
_
Catholic (adj) Katorik
ku (no)
_|[,
cauliflower karifurawa
|_-
cave hora-ana
j
CD shi-di
--
ceiling tenjo
]
cemetery bochi
__
centigrade ses
shi
]
centimetre senchi-metoru
-_)
central chushin (no)
J_[,
centre chushin
J_
how do we get to the city
centre? hankagai niwa do
ikimasu ka?
j|____
__
cereal konfureku
--
ceremony shikiten
_]
opening ceremony
kaikaishiki
__
tea ceremony chakai
_
certainly tashika ni
____
certainly not! (thats wrong)
zet
tai chigaimasu!
)_\_
(refusal) dame desu!
_
certificate shomeisho
_j_
chair isu
\
change (verb: replace)
torikaemasu
[___
(trains etc) norikaemasu
[___
(money) kuzushimasu
___
(noun: money) kozeni
_
can I change this for ...,
please? kore o to
torikaete kudasai
___[__
__\
where do I change trains?
doko de norikaereba i desu
ka?
__[___
\\_
I dont have any change
kozeni ga arimasen
__[__
can you give me change for a
1,000-yen note?
sen-en-satsu o kuzushite
kuremasen ka?
_[____
____
dialogue
do we have to change
(trains)? norikae-nakute
wa narimasen ka?
yes, change at Tokyo/no,
its a direct train hai,
Tokyo-eki de norikae
desu/ie, chokutsu desu
changed: to get changed
kigaemasu
___
character (written) kanji
q
charge (noun) ryokin
|_
(verb) seikyu shimasu
__
charge card kurejit
to-kado
_-_
cheap yasui
[\
do you have anything
cheaper? mo sukoshi yasui
no wa arimasu ka?
__[\,
_[__
check (US: noun) kogit
te
|q
(bill) seikyusho
_
(in restaurant, bar etc) okanjo
_
could I have the check,
please? okanjo o onegai
shimasu
__Q__
check (verb) shirabemasu
j_
could you check the ...? o
shirabete kuremasen ka?
_j_
___
check-in chek
ku-in
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_
check in chek
ku-in shimasu
___
where do we have to check in?
doko de chek
ku-in
shinakute wa narimasen ka?
___
___[_
__
cheek (on face) ho
_
cheerio! bai-bai!
__
cheers! (toast) kampai!
g]
cheese chizu
-
chemists yak
kyoku
_
cheque kogit
te
|q
cherry sakuranbo
____
cherry blossom sakura
Q
cherry tree sakura no ki
Q,
chess (Western) chesu
(Japanese) shogi
jQ
chest mune
]
chestnut kuri
_[
chewing gum chuin
gam
-_
chicken (meat) toriniku
_|
chickenpox mizuboso
__
child kodomo
_
children kodomo-tachi
__
child minder komori
__
childrens pool kodomo-yo
puru
_j-)
childrens portion
okosama-yo
_j
chin ago
_
china setomono
)_,
China Chugoku
Jp
Chinese (adj) Chugoku (no)
Jp[,
chips (French fries) furench-frai
__
(US) poteto-chip
pu
_
chocolate chokoreto
-_
milk chocolate
miruku-chokoreto
)-_
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plain chocolate
burak
ku-chokoreto
_-
_
a hot chocolate kokoa
choose erabimasu
__
chopstick rest hashioki
___
chopsticks hashi
__
Christmas Kurismasu
|
merry Christmas!
Meri-Kurismasu!
|-|
Christmas Eve
Kurismasu-Ibu
|_
church kyokai
_
cider rin
goshu
[__
cigar hamaki
y_
cigarette tabako
cigarette lighter raita

__-
cinema eiga
g
circle en
[
(in theatre) barukoni-seki
).-
city toshi
_
city centre hankagai
j|
clean (adj) kirei (na)
_\[
(verb) kirei ni shimasu
_\___
can you clean these for me?
kore o kirei ni shite
kuremasen ka?
___\__
____
cleaning solution (for contact
lenses) kontakuto-renzu-yo
kurina
_j
|--
cleansing lotion
kurenjing-roshon
+-
clear tomei (na)

_j[
(obvious) akiraka (na)
j_[
clever kashikoi
___\
client irainin
y[
cliff gake
_
climbing tozan
__
clinic shinryojo
cloakroom kuroku
+-
clock tokei
close (verb) shimarimasu

[_[_
dialogue
what time do you close?
nanji ni shimarimasu ka?
we close at 8pm on
weekdays, and 6pm on
Saturdays heijitsu wa
hachiji, Doyobi wa rokji
ni shimarimasu
do you close for lunch?
hiruyasumi wa arimasu
ka?
yes, between 12 and 1pm
hai, juniji kara ichiji desu
closed (door) shimat
ta
[__
(shop) heiten (no)
[_[,
cloth (fabric) nunoji
[_
(for cleaning etc) zokin
___
clothes (Western) yofuku
_
(Japanese) kimono
_
cloudy kumori (no)
__[[,
clutch (in car) kurat
chi
_
coach (bus) chokyori-basu
__
(on train) kyaksha
_
coach station basu-taminaru
-)
coach trip basu-ryoko
_
coast kaigan
|
on the coast engan ni
|_
coat (long coat) koto
-_
(jacket) jaket
to
\_
coathanger han
ga
-
code (for phoning)
shigai-kyokban
;_
whats the (dialling) code for
Osaka? Osaka no shigai-
kyokban wa namban desu
ka?
_Q,;__
j__
coffee kohi
-_-
two coffees, please kohi
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futatsu, onegai shimasu
-_-___
Q\__
coin koka
g
Coke kola
-_
cold tsumetai
__\
(weather, person) samui
[\
Im cold samui desu
[\
I have a cold kaze o
hikimashita
_____
collar eri
_[
collect atsumemasu
___
Ive come to collect ... o
tori ni kimashita
_[____
collect call korekuto-koru
_-)
college daigaku
__
colour iro
_
do you have this in other
colours? hoka no iro wa
arimasu ka?
__,__[_
_
colour film kara-firumu
_-)
comb kushi
__
come kimasu
_
dialogue
where do you come from?
doko kara
iras
shaimashita ka?
I come from Edinburgh
Ejinbara kara kimashita
come back modot
te kimasu
__
Ill come back tomorrow
mata ashita kimasu
_____
come in hairimasu
[_
comfortable yut
tari shita
_[__
comic book man
ga
_g
compact disc
kompakuto-disuku
_
company (business) kaisha
__
compare kurabemasu
__
compartment (on train)
koshitsu
Q_
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compass kompasu
complain kujo o imasu

__\_
complaint kujo
I have a complaint kujo ga

arimasu
_[_
completely kanzen ni
___
computer kompyuta
_--
concert konsato
)-_
conditioner (for hair) rinsu
|
condom kondomu
_-
conference kaigi
__
conference room kaigijo
__
confirm kakunin shimasu
Q___
congratulations! omedeto!
__
connecting flight
setsuzokubin
__Q
connection (in travelling)
setsuzoku
__
constipation bempi
Qg
consulate ryojikan
_
contact (verb) renraku
shimasu
____
contact lenses
kontakuto-renzu
_
contract keiyaku
convenient (time) tsugo no i

__,\\
(location, object) benri (na)
Q[[
thats not convenient sore wa
tsugo ga yoku arimasen
_______
[__
cook (verb) ryori shimasu
|__
not cooked han
nama (na)
_[
cooker renji
cookie bisuket
to
__
cool suzushi
__\
cork koruku
)
corkscrew koruku-nuki
)_
corner: on the corner
machikado ni
]_
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in the corner sumi ni
g_
cornflakes konfureku
--
correct (right) tadashi
__\
corridor roka
cosmetics keshohin
_[_
cost (noun) hiyo
j
(verb) hiyo ga kakarimasu
j___[_
how much does it cost?
ikura desu ka?
\__
cot bebi-bed
do
_-_
cotton momen
cotton wool das
shimen
_
couchette shindai
_
cough (noun) seki
_
cough medicine sekidome
___
could: could you ...? -te
kuremasen ka?
___
_
could I have ...? o
kuremasen ka?
_____
I couldnt ... koto wa
dekimasen deshita
______
__
country (nation) kuni
p
(countryside) inaka
\_
countryside inaka
\_
couple: a couple of ...
futatsu
__
courier gaido
__
course kosu
-
of course mochiron
__
of course not mochiron
chigaimasu
___\_
cousin itoko
\__
crab kani
__
cracker (biscuit) kurak
ka
_-
craft shop min
geihin-ten
____
crash (noun) shototsu-jiko
gj
Ive had a crash
shototsu-jiko ni aimashita
gj_\
___
crazy muchu (na)
J[
cream kurimu
|-
creche takuji-sho
__
credit card kurejit
to-kado
_-_
do you take credit cards?
kurejit
to-kado wa
tsukaemasu ka?
_-__
Q___
dialogue
kurejit
to-kado de
haraemasu ka?
which card do you want to
use? doko no kado desu
ka?
Mastercard/Visa
masuta/biza desu
yes, sir hai, oshiharai
itadakemasu
whats the number?
ban
go o itadakemasu ka?
and the expiry date?
yukokigen wa itsu desu
ka?
crisps poteto-chip
pu
_
crockery tojiki
[_
crossing (by sea) odan
]
crossroads jujiro
qq
crowd hitogomi
__
crowded konda
__
crown (dental) kuraun
_
cruise kokai
crutches matsubazue
_y]
cry (verb) nakimasu
__
cucumber kyuri
_[
cup kap
pu
a cup of ..., please o

hitotsu kudasai
____\
cupboard oshire
|_
(with shelves) todana
)_
curly kari-hea (no)
-|-
[,
curtains katen
-
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cushion kus
shon
floor cushion zabuton

____
custom shukan
_
customer kyaku
_
Customs zeikan
[
cut (noun) kirikizu
|[_
(verb) kirimasu
|[_
Ive cut myself kit
te
shimaimashita
|__\___
cutlery naifu-foku-rui
_-Q
cycling saikuringu
)_|
cyclist saikurisuto
)_|_
D
daily mainichi (no)
[
damage (verb) kowashimasu
Q__
damaged kowareta
Q_
Im sorry, Ive damaged this
sumimasen, kore o
kowashite shimaimashita
_____
Q___\__
_
damn! chikusho!
__
damp shimet
ta
___
dance (noun) dansu
(verb) odorimasu
_[_
would you like to dance?
odorimasen ka?
_[___
dangerous abunai
_\
Danish (adj) Dem
maku (no)
-[,
dark (adj: colour) koi
_\
(hair) kuroi
j\
its getting dark kuraku
nat
te kimashita
q_____
date*: whats the date today?
kyo wa nan
nichi desu ka?

__j[
_
lets make a date for next
Monday raishu no
Getsuyobi ni shimasho
_,]Q[_
___
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daughter (ones own) musume
g
(someone elses) ojo-san
__
daughter-in-law (ones own) giri
no musume
],g
musume-san
],g__
dawn yoake
j
at dawn yoake ni
j_
day hi
[
the day after sono tsugi no
hi
_,,[
the day after tomorrow
as
sat
te
_
the day before sono mae no
hi
_,j,[
the day before yesterday
ototoi
__\
every day mainichi
[
all day ichinichi-ju
[J
in two days time
futsuka-inai ni
_[_
have a nice day! gokigen
yo!
__,__
day trip higaeri-ryoko
[[_
dead shinda
__
deaf mimi ga kikoenai
|____\
deal (business) torihiki
[_
its a deal sore de te o
uchimasho
_q_|_
_
death shi
_
decaffeinated coffee kafein
nuki no kohi
__
,-_-
December Junigatsu
q_]
decide kimemasu
__
we havent decided yet mada
kimete imasen
__\__
decision ket
tei
_
deck (on ship) dek
ki
_
deckchair dek
ki-chea
_
deep fukai
_\
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definitely mat
taku sono tori

desu
____,_[
definitely not mat
taku
chigaimasu
____\_
degree do
_
(qualification) gakui
_{
delay (noun) okure
@
deliberately waza to
___
delicatessen sozai-ya
___
delicious totemo oishi
__\_\
deliver haitatsu shimasu
____
delivery haitatsu
__
Denmark Den
maku
-
dental floss dentaru-furosu
)+
dentist haisha
Q_
dialogue
its this one here koko no
kore desu
this one? kore desu ka?
no that one ie, sore desu
here? koko desu ka?
yes hai
dentures ireba
Q
deodorant deodoranto
____
department bumon
_|
department store depato
-_
departure shup
patsu
__
departure lounge
shup
patsu-raunji
___
depend: it depends bai ni
yorimasu
___[_
it depends on ... ni
yorimasu
__[_
deposit (for bike/boat hire)
hoshokin
__
(as part payment) atamakin
_
description setsumei
_j
design dezain
|_
dessert dezato
)-_
destination mokutekichi
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develop genzo shimasu
jQ__
dialogue
could you develop these
films? kono firumu o
genzo shite kuremasen
ka?
yes, certainly hai, genzo
desu ne
when will they be ready?
itsu dekiagarimasu ka?
tomorrow afternoon ashita
no gogo desu
how much is the four-hour
service? yojikan no
sabisu wa ikura desu ka?
diabetic (noun)
tonyobyo-kanja
__
diabetic foods
tonyobyo-kanja-yo
shokuhin
__j__
dial (verb) daiyaru shimasu
__)__
dialling code
shigai-kyokuban
;_
diamond daiyamondo
__
diaper omutsu
_
diarrhoea geri
g
do you have any medicine for
diarrhoea? geridome wa
arimasu ka?
g___[_
_
diary (business etc) techo
qg
(for personal experiences) nik
ki
[_
dictionary jisho
_
didnt* -masen deshita
____
see not
die shinimasu
___
diesel dizeru-sha
-)
diet daiet
to
_a_
Im on a diet daiet
to-chu
desu
_a_J
I have to follow a special
diet shokuji-seigen ga
arimasu
_g_[_
difference chigai
_\
whats the difference? chigai
wa nan desu ka?
_\_j_
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different chigau
_
this one is different kore wa
chigaimasu
___\_
a different table chigau
teburu
_-)
difficult muzukashi
___\
dining room shokudo
__
dinner (evening meal) yushoku
_
to have dinner shokuji o
shimasu
____
direct (adj) choksetsu (no)
__[,
is there a direct train?
chokutsu no densha wa
arimasu ka?
__,__[
__
direction hoko
which direction is it? dot
chi
no hoko desu ka?
_,
_
is it in this direction? kono
hoko desu ka?
_,_
director (section chief) kacho
__
(of department) bucho
__
(of company) shacho
__
directory enquiries
denwa-ban
go-an
nai
____j
dirt yogore
dirty kitanai
\
disabled: disabled person
shintai-shogai-sha
[qg_
is there access for the
disabled? shintai-shogai-sha
mo riyo dekimasu ka?
[qg__[j
___
disappear nakunarimasu
_[_
its disappeared
nakunarimashita
_[___
disappointed gak
kari sh(i(ta
__[__
disappointing kitai hazure (no)
j_[,
disaster saigai
_
this is a disaster kore wa
hidoi desu
___\
disco disuko
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discount waribiki
is there a discount? waribiki

ni narimasu ka?
_[__
disease byoki
disgusting iya (na)

\_[
dish (meal) ryori
|
(plate) sara
Q
disk (for computer) disuku
disposable diapers/nappies
kami-omutsu
_
distance kyori
_
in the distance toku ni
___
district chiho
_
disturb jama shimasu
____
do not disturb okosanaide
kudasai
___\
__\
diversion (detour)
mawari-michi
[[_
divorced rikon shita
___
dizzy: I feel dizzy memai ga
shimasu
__\___
do (verb) shimasu
__
what shall we do? nani o
shimasho ka?
j_____
how do you do it? doyat
te
surundesu ka?
____
_
will you do it for me? soshite
kuremasen ka?
_____
_
dialogue
how do you do?
hajimemashite, dozo
yoroshiku
nice to meet you
o-aidekite ureshides
what do you do? (work)
oshigoto wa nan desu
ka?
Im a teacher, and you?
watashi wa kyoshi desu
ga anata wa?
Im a student watashi wa
gakusei desu
what are you doing
tonight? komban wa nani
o shite imasu ka?
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were going out for a drink,
do you want to join us?
watashitachi wa nomi ni
ikimasu ga, is
sho ni
kimasen ka?
do you want tea? ocha wa
ikaga desu ka?
I do, but she doesnt
watashi wa itadakimasu
ga, kanojo niwa kek
ko
desu
doctor isha
_
we need a doctor isha ga
hitsuyo desu
__j
please call a doctor isha o
yonde kudasai
____
__\
dialogue
where does it hurt? doko
ga itai desu ka?
right here koko desu
does that hurt now? kore
wa itai desu ka?
yes hai
take this to the chemist
kore o mot
te kusuri-ya
ni ikinasai
document shorui
_Q
dog inu
_
doll nin
gyo
[
domestic flight kokunaisen
p
dont!* dame!
_
dont do that! yoshinasai!
___\
see not
door doa
_
(of house: Japanese-style) to
)
sliding door (wooden lattice and
paper) shoji
g_
(patterned) fusuma
__
doorman doaman
_
doorway genkan
_
double nibai (no)
__
double bed daburu-bed
do
)_
double room daburu
)
double whisky daburu
)
doughnut donat
tsu
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_-
down: down here kono shita
desu
_,
put it down over there soko
ni oite kudasai
___\
__\
its down there on the right
soko o it
te migi desu
___
its further down the road
mot
to saki desu
__
downmarket (restaurant etc)
yasup
poi
[_\
downstairs shita
dozen ichi-dasu (no)

_-
half a dozen han-das (no)
-
draught beer nama-biru
__-)
draughty: its draughty
sukima-kaze ga hairimasu
____\[
_
drawer hikidashi
__
drawing e
_
dreadful hidoi
_\
dream (noun) yume
dress (noun) doresu

_
dressed: to get dressed fuku
o kimasu
___
dressing gown gaun
drink (noun) nomimono

_
(alcoholic) osake
(non-alcoholic) seiryo-inryo
_|
(verb) nomimasu
_
a cold drink tsumetai
nomimono
__\_
can I get you a drink?
nomimono wa ikaga desu
ka?
__\__
_
what would you like (to
drink)? nani o nomimasu
ka?
j___
no thanks, I dont drink
arigato, demo arukoru wa
nomimasen
[____
)-)_
__
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Ill just have a drink of water
mizu o kudasai
___\
drinking water inryosui
|
is this drinking water? kore
wa inryosui desu ka?
__|
_
drive (verb) unten shimasu
_g__
we drove here kuruma de
kimashita
___
Ill drive you home okut
te
ikimasu
___
driver untenshu
_gq
driving licence
unten-menkyo-sho
_g_
drop: just a drop, please (of
drink) hon no sukoshi dake
kudasai
__,_
__\
drug (medicine) kusuri
_
drugs (narcotics) mayaku
q_
drunk (adj) yop
parat
ta
__
dry (adj) kawaita
g\_
(wine) karakuchi (no)
_|[,
dry-cleaners kurining-ya
|-._
due: he was due to arrive
yesterday kare wa kino
tochaku suru hazu deshita
___,g_
___
when is the train due?
densha wa itsu kuru hazu
desu ka?
__\__
_
dull (pain) zuki-zuki
__
(weather) kumori (no)
__[[,
(uninteresting) tsumaranai
_\
dummy (babys) oshaburi
__[
during no aida ni
,g_
dust hokori
__[
dustbin gomibako
_
dusty hokorip
poi
__[_\
Dutch (adj) Oranda (no)
__
duty-free (goods)
menzei(hin)
[[_
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duty-free shop
menzeihin-ten
[__
duvet kakebuton
____
E
each (every) sorezore (no)
__[,
how much are they each?
hitotsu ikura desu ka?
_\__
ear mimi
|
earache: I have earache mimi
ga itai desu
|_\
early hayai
{\
early in the morning asa
hayaku
g{_
I called by earlier sakihodo
mo ukagaimashita
]___\___
earrings iyaringu
__|
earthquake jishin
__
east higashi
j
in the east higashi ni
j_
Easter Fuk
katsu-sai
__
Eastern (oriental) toyo (no)
j[,
easy yasashi
___\
eat tabemasu
__
weve already eaten
watashitachi wa mo
tabemashita
_____
___
eau de toilette
o-do-toware
_-__
economy class ekonomi-
kurasu
a-_
eel unagi
egg tamago
___
either: either ... or ... ka
ka
__
either of them dochiraka
__
elbow hiji
_
electric denki (no)
_\,
electrical appliances
denki-kigu
__]
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electrician denki-ya
__
electricity denki
_
elevator erebeta
a--
else: something else nani ka
hoka no mono
j___,_,
somewhere else doko ka
hoka no tokoro
_____,__
dialogue
would you like anything
else? hoka ni nani ka
irimasu ka?
no, nothing else, thanks ie,
hoka niwa nani mo
irimasen, arigato
e-mail i-meru
_--)
embassy taishikan
_Q
emergency kinkyu
_
this is an emergency! kinkyu
desu!
_
emergency exit hijoguchi
}_|
Emperor of Japan Ten
no-
Heika
]__
Empress of Japan Kogo-
Heika
__
empty kara (no)
_[,
end (noun) owari
_[
at the end of the street sono
michi no tsukiatari ni
_,_,j___[
_
when does it end? itsu owari
masu ka?
\_[__
engaged (toilet) shiyo-chu
QjJ
(phone) hanashi-chu
__J
(to be married) kon
yaku shita
___
engine (car) enjin
a
England Igirisu
_|
English (adj) Igirisu (no)
_|[,
(language) Eigo
j_
Im English watashi wa
Igirisu-jin desu
___|[
do you speak English? Eigo
ga hanasemasu ka?
j_____
enjoy: to enjoy oneself
tanoshimimasu
q__
dialogue
how did you like the film?
eiga wa do deshita ka?
I enjoyed it very much, did
you enjoy it? totemo
tanoshikat
ta desu, anata
wa do deshita ka?
enlargement (of photo)
hiki-nobashi
___
enormous totemo oki
____\
enough jubun
q
theres not enough tarimasen
_[__
its not big enough
chisasugimasu
__
thats enough sore de jubun
desu
_q
entrance iriguchi
[|
(of house) genkan
_
envelope futo
__
epileptic tenkan-kanja
____
equipment setsubi
__
(for climbing etc) sobi
__
error machigai
__\
especially toku ni
___
essential hitsuyo (na)
j[
it is essential that ... -koto
wa hitsuyo desu
___j
EuropeYorop
pa
-+
European (adj) Yorop
pa (no)
-+[,
even: even the ... demo
_
even if ... moshi demo
___
evening yugata
this evening komban

_
in the evening yoru ni
_
evening meal yushoku
_
eventually tsui ni
\_
ever: I hardly ever ... hotondo
...-masen
______
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dialogue
have you ever been to
Hiroshima? Hiroshima ni
it
ta koto ga arimasu ka?

yes, I was there two years
ago hai, ni-nen mae ni
ikimashita
every subete no
,
every day mainichi
[
everyone mina-san
___
everything subete
everywhere doko demo

___
exactly! sono tori desu!
_,_[
exam shiken
_g
example rei
for example tatoeba

____
excellent subarashi
__\
(food) totemo oishi
__\_\
(hotel) ichiryu (no)
_[,
excellent! subarashi!
__\
except igai wa
;_
excess baggage
choka-tenimotsu
__q{_
exchange rate ryogae-reto
_-_
exciting omoshiroi
__\
excuse me (to get past)
shitsurei shimasu
___
(to say sorry) gomen
nasai
____\
(to get attention) chot
to
sumimasen!
___
executive kanrishoku
_
exhaust (pipe) haikikan
j_
exhibition tenrankai
___
exit deguchi
_|
wheres the nearest exit?
ichiban chikai deguchi wa
doko desu ka?
\___\_|_
___
expensive takai
\
experienced keiken no aru
g,_
explain setsumei shimasu
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_j__
can you explain that?
setsumei shite kuremasen
ka?
_j____
_
express (mail) sokutatsu
__
(train) tok
kyu
_
extension (telephone) naisen
extension ..., please naisen

no , onegai shimasu
,_Q\_
_
extension lead encho-kodo
__-_
extra: can we have an extra
one? mo hitotsu
moraemasen ka?
_____
__
do you charge extra for that?
sore wa betsu-ryokin desu
ka?
__j|_
_
extraordinary mezurashi
__\
extremely totemo
__
eye me
will you keep an eye on my

suitcase for me? chot
to
sutsukes o mite ite
kuremasen ka?
_--
__\__
__
eyeglasses (US: spectacles)
megane
___
eyeliner ai-raina
___-
eye make-up remover
ai-meku-otoshi
_-_
eye shadow ai-shado
_\_
F
face kao
_
face mask (for colds) masuku
factory kojo
_
Fahrenheit kashi
|
faint (verb) ki o
ushinaimasu
_\_
shes fainted kanojo wa ki o
ushinaimashita
_[__\__
_
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I feel faint fura-fura shimasu
____
fair (funfair) yuenchi
___
(trade fair) mihon-ichi
_q
(impartial) kohei (na)
_q[
(amount) kanari (no)
_[[,
fairly (quite) kanari
_[
fake (adj) nise (no)
_[,
fall (US: season) aki
in the fall aki ni

_
fall (verb) korobimasu
__
shes had a fall kanojo wa
korobimashita
_[_____
false (not true) machigat
ta
___
family kazoku
_[
famous yumei (na)
[[
fan (electrical) sempuki
g
(handheld) sensu
_
(sports) fan
fantastic subarashi
__\
far toi
_\
dialogue
is it far from here? koko
kara toi desu ka?
no, not very far ie, amari
toku nai desu
well, how far? dono kurai
desu ka?
its about 20 kilometres ni-
juk
kiro kurai desu

fare ryokin
|_
fare box (on buses)
ryokinbako
|_
farm nojo
fashionable oshare (na)

_[
fast hayai
_\
fat (person) futot
ta
__
(on meat) aburami
_
father (ones own) chichi
(someone elses) oto-san

__
father-in-law (ones own) giri
no chichi
],
oto-san
],__
faucet jaguchi
_|
fault: sorry, it was my fault
gomen
nasai, watashi no sei

deshita
____\__,
\__
its not my fault watashi no
sei dewa arimasen
_,\_[
__
faulty choshi ga okashi
j____\
favourite oki ni iri (no)
_[[,
fax (noun) fak
ksu
(verb) fak
ksu o okurimasu
__[
_
February Nigatsu
_]
feel kanjimasu
___
I feel hot atsui desu
_\
I feel unwell kibun ga yoku
nai desu
___\
I feel like going for a walk
sampo ni ikitai desu
j_\__\
how are you feeling? ikaga
desu ka?
\___
Im feeling better zut
to i
desu
_\\
fence (noun) hei
]
fencing fensingu
Japanese fencing kendo

__
ferry feri
|-
festival omatsuri
_[
fetch (person) tsurete
kimasu
___
(object) tot
te kimasu
__
Ill fetch him kare o yonde
kimasho
______
_
will you come and fetch me
later? atode mukae ni kite
kuremasen ka?
Q____
____
feverish netsup
poi
_\
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few: a few sukoshi no
_,
a few days ni-san nichi
__[
fianc(e) kon
yakusha
_
field hatake
_
fight (noun) kenka
__
fill in kinyu shimas
___
do I have to fill this in? kinyu
shinakute wa narimasen ka?
____[
___
fill up ip
pai ni shimas
\_\___
fill it up, please ip
pai ni
shite kudasai
\_\__
__\
filling (in cake, sandwich) nakami
_
(in tooth) ha no tsumemono
Q,___,
film (movie) eiga
g
(for camera) firumu
)
dialogue
do you have this kind of
film? kon
na firumu wa
arimasu ka?
yes, how many exposures?
hai, nan
mai dori desu ka?

36 san-ju-roku-mai desu
film processing genzo
jQ
final (adj) saigo (no)
_Q[,
find (verb) mitsukemasu
__
I cant find it mitsukarimasen
__[__
Ive found it mitsukemashita
____
find out shirabemasu
j_
could you find out for me?
shirabete kuremasen ka?
j___
_
fine (weather) hareta
q_
(punishment) bak
kin
_
dialogue
how are you? ogenki desu
ka?
Im fine, thanks
okagesama de
is that OK? sore de i desu
ka?
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thats fine, thanks e,
kek
ko desu
finger yubi
_
finish (verb) owarimasu
_[_
I havent finished yet mada
owat
te imasen
__\_
_
when does it finish? itsu
owarimasu ka?
\_[__
fire (in hearth) hi
_
(blaze) kaji
_
fire! kaji da!
_
can we light a fire here?
koko de hi o taite mo i
desu ka?
_____\_
\\_
its on fire kaji desu
_
fire alarm kasai-hochiki
___g
fire brigade shobotai
_
fire escape hijoguchi
}_|
fire extinguisher shokaki
__
fireworks hanabi
__
first saisho (no)
_|[,
I was first watashi ga saki
deshita
____
at first saisho ni
_|_
the first time hajimete
___
first on the left hidarigawa
no saisho
___,_|
first aid okyu-te-ate
__q_
first-aid kit kyukyubako
j_
first class (train) gurinsha
|-
(plane) fasuto-kurasu
-__
first-class ticket (train)
gurinsha joshaken
|-
(plane) fasuto-kurasu
chiket
to
-__
_
first floor ni-kai
_
(US) ik
kai
first name namae

j
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fish (noun) sakana
__
fishmongers sakana-ya
__
fit (attack) hos
sa
_j
fit: it doesnt fit me sore wa
watashi ni aimasen
_____\
__
fitting room shichaku-shitsu
__
fix (verb: arrange) tehai shimasu
q___
can you fix this? (repair)
naosemasu ka?
__
fizzy tansan (no)
_[,
fizzy orange tansan-iri orenji
jusu
_[_
-
flag hata
__
flannel taoru
_)
flash (for camera) furashu
_
flat (noun: apartment) apato
-_
(adj) taira (na)
_\[
Ive got a flat tyre taiya ga
panku shimashita
____
___
flavour fumi
q
flea nomi
,
flight hiko
flight number bin
mei
Q
flood kozui
floor (of room) yuka
(storey) kai
on the floor yuka ni

_
florists hana-ya
__
flower hana
_
flower arranging ikebana
__
flu infuruenza
_)a|
fluent: he speaks fluent
Japanese kare wa ryucho
na Nihon-go o
hanashimasu
___[q__
___
fly (noun) hae
a
(verb) tobimasu
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i
_
can we fly there? hikoki de
ikemasu ka?
g_
_
fog kiri
foggy: its foggy kiri ga dete

imasu
__\_
food (in general) tabemono
__
(in shop) shokuryohin
_|_
(in restaurant) ryori
|
food poisoning
shokuchudoku
_J
food shop/store
shokuryohin-ten
_|__
foot (of person) ashi
_
on foot aruite
\
football (game) sak
ka
)-
(ball) sak
ka-boru
)--)
footwarmer kotatsu
__
for: do you have something for
...? (headache/diarrhoea etc)
ni kik kusuri wa arimasu
ka?
_____[_
_
dialogues
whos the tempura for?
tempura wa dochira desu
ka?
thats for me watashi desu
and this one? kore wa
dochira desu ka?
thats for her kanojo desu
where do I get the bus for
Shinjuku? Shinjuku-iki
no basu wa doko de
noremasu ka?
the bus for Shinjuku leaves
from Tokyo station
Shinjuku-iki no basu wa
Tokyo eki kara dete
imasu
how long have you been
here? koko niwa mo
dono kurai ni narimasu
ka?
Ive been here for two
days, how about you?
futsuka desu ga, anata
wa?
Ive been here for a week
is
shukan ni narimasu
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forehead odeko
_
foreign gaikoku (no)
;p
foreigner gaijin
;[
forest mori
forget wasuremasu
__
I forget, Ive forgotten
wasurete shimaimashita
___\___
fork fok
-
(in road) bunkiten
_
form (document) yoshi
j
formal seishiki (na)
__[
(dress) aratamat
ta
___
fortnight nishukan
__g
fortunately un
yoku
___
forward: could you forward my
mail? tegami o tenso shite
kuremasen ka?
q_g__
____
forwarding address tenso saki
g_
foundation (make-up)
fandeshon
-
fountain (ornamental) funsui
q
(for drinking) kyusuiki
_
foyer robi
+_-
fracture (noun) kos
setsu
France Furansu
_
free (no charge) tada, muryo
__j|
is it free (of charge)? muryo
desu ka?
j|_
freeway kosokudoro
__
freezer reitoko
__
French (adj) Furansu (no)
_[,
(language) Furansu-go
__
French fries furenchi-furai
__
frequent tabitabi (no)
__[,
how frequent is the bus to
Kobe? Kobe-iki no basu wa
nambon kurai dete imasu ka?
)_,_j
q_\\_
_
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fresh (food) shinsen (na)
[g[
Friday Kin
yobi
_Q[
fridge reizoko
_
fried itameta
\___
fried egg medamayaki
____
fried rice chahan
\-
friend tomodachi
_
friendly shinsetsu (na)
|[
from kara
_
when does the next train
from Hakata arrive? tsugi no
Hakata hatsu no res
sha wa
itsu tsukimasu ka?
,j__,j_
\___
from Monday to Friday
Getsuyobi kara Kin
yobi
]Q[__Q[
from next Thursday tsugi no
Mok
yobi kara
,Q[_
dialogue
where are you from? doko
kara kimashita ka?
Im from Manchester
Manchesuta kara desu
front mae
j
in front mae ni
j_
in front of the hotel hoteru
no mae ni
),j_
at the front mae de
j
frost shimo
frozen reito shita

____
fruit kudamono
__,
fruit juice frutsu-jusu
)--
full ip
pai
\_\
its full of ... de ip
pai
desu
\_\
Im full onaka ga ip
pai desu
__\_\
full board san-shoku-tsuki

___
fun: it was fun
omoshirokat
ta desu
____
funeral ososhiki
_
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funny (strange) okashi
__\
(amusing) omoshiroi
__\
furniture kagu
_]
further mot
to toku
____
its further down the road
sono michi no mot
to saki
desu
_,_,__
dialogue
how much further is it to
Kinkakuji? Kinkakuji ewa
dono kurai arimasu ka?
about 5 kilometres
go-kiro kurai desu
fuse (noun) hyuzu
_-
future shorai
j
in future kore kara
__
G
gallon garon
+
game (cards etc) gemu
-
(match) shiai
__
garage (for fuel) gasorin-
sutando
|_
(for repairs) shurikojo
_
(for parking) shako
garden niwa
_
garlic nin
niku
..
gas gasu
(US) gasorin
|
gas permeable lenses
sanso-toka-sei kontakuto-
renzu
_j__
_
gas station (US) gasorin-
sutando
|_
gate mon
|
(at airport) geto
-_
gay homo (no)
gay bar gei-ba

_-
gears (in car) gia
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general (adj) ip
pan-teki (na)
g[
gents toilet dansei-yo toire
j__
genuine (antique etc)
hon
mono (no)
q_[,
German (adj) Doitsu (no)
__[,
Germany Doitsu
__
get (fetch) te ni iremasu
q__
could you get me another
one, please? mo hitotsu
moraemasu ka?
____
__
how do I get to ...? ewa
do ikeba i desu ka?
___\
\_
do you know where I can get
them? sore wa dokode te ni
hairimasu ka?
____q_
[__
dialogue
can I get you a drink?
nomimono wa ikaga
desu ka?
no, Ill get this one, what
would you like? ie, kore
wa watashi mochi desu,
nani ga i desu ka?
a beer, please biru kudasai
get back (return) modorimasu
[_
get in (arrive) tochaku shimasu
g__
get off orimasu
|[_
where do I get off? doko de
orireba i desu ka?
__|[_\\
_
get on (to train etc) norimasu
[_
get out (of car etc) orimasu
|[_
(take out) toridashimasu
[___
get up (in the morning) okimasu
___
gift okurimono
g[_
gift shop gifuto-shop
pu
_
gin jin
a gin and tonic, please jin-

tonik
ku o onegai shimasu
_._Q
\__
girl on
na no ko
[,_
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girlfriend garu-furendo
-)_
give agemasu
,_
can you give me some
change? kore o kuzushite
kuremasen ka?
_____
___
I gave it to him sore wa kare
ni watashimashita
_______
___
will you give this to ...? kore
o ni watashite
kuremasen ka?
______
____
give back kaeshimasu
___
glad ureshi
_\
glass (material) garasu
_
(for drinking) kop
pu
a glass of wine wain o

ip
pai
__]
glasses (spectacles) megane
___
gloves tebukuro
q_
glue (noun) set
chaku-zai
_
go ikimasu
__
wed like to go to Tokyo
Disneyland Tokyo-
Dizunirando ni it
te mitai
desu
j_.-_
___\
where are you going? doko e

ikundesu ka?
____
_
where does this bus go?
kono basu wa doko e
ikimasu ka?
_,___
___
lets go! ikimasho!
___
hamburger to go hambaga o
teiku-auto de
--__
_
shes gone (left) kanojo wa
it
te shimaimashita
_[___\
___
where has he gone? kare wa
doko e ikimashita ka?
_____
__ __
I went there last week senshu
soko e ikimashita
____
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o
___
go away dekakemasu
___
go away! at
chi e it
te!
\
go back (return) kaerimasu
[_
go down (the stairs etc) shita e
ikimasu
__
go in naka e hairimasu
_[_
go out (in the evening) gaishutsu
shimasu
;___
do you want to go out tonight?
komban dekaketai desu ka?
____\
_
go through torinukemasu
_[_
go up (the stairs etc) ue e
ikimasu
___
God kami-sama
goggles goguru
-)
gold kin
_
goldfish kin
gyo
__
golf gorufu
)
golf course gorufu-jo
)
good i
\\
good! yokat
ta!
___
its no good sore wa dame
desu
___
goodbye (formal) sayonara
__
(informal) dewa mata
___
(between friends) ja ne
__
good evening komban wa
_____
Good Friday Sei-Kin
yobi
__Q[
good morning ohayo
gozaimasu
____\_
good night (when leaving) osaki

ni
_
(when going to bed)
oyasuminasai
__\
got: weve got to leave mo
ikanakereba narimasen
___
[__
have you got any ...? o
mot
te imasu ka?
_]\__
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government seifu
gradually dandan
__
gram(me) guramu
_
granddaughter (ones own)
magomusme
_g
(someone elses) omago-san
___
grandfather (ones own) sofu
_
(someone elses) oji-san
_\__
grandmother (ones own)
sobo
_
(someone elses) oba-san
___
grandson (ones own)
magomusuko
___
(someone elses) omago-san
___
grapefruit gurepu-frutsu
-)-
grapes budo
__
grass kusa
q
grateful ureshi
_\
gravy gurebi-sosu
-_--
great (excellent) subarashi
__\
thats great! sore wa sugoi!
___\
a great success daiseiko
_
Great Britain Eikoku
jp
greedy yokubari (na)
___[[
(for food) kuishimbo (no)
_\___,
green midori (no)
_[[,
green card (car insurance)
jidosha-hoken
__
greengrocers yao-ya
__
grey hai-iro (no)
_[,
grilled guriru de yaita
|)\_
grocers shokuryohin-ten
_|__
ground jimen
__
on the ground jimen ni
___
ground floor ik
kai
group gurupu
)-
guarantee (noun) hosho
_
is it guaranteed? hosho-
tsuki desu ka?
___
guest okyaku-sama
___
guesthouse minshuku
_
guide (person) gaido
__
guidebook gaido-buk
ku
__
guided tour gaido-tsuki tua
___-
gum (in mouth) haguki
Q__
gun (rifle) ju
(pistol) pisutoru
__)
gym jimu
H
hair kami
_
hairbrush burashi
_
haircut (mans) sampatsu
j_
(womans) heya-kat
to
_
hairdressers (mens) toko-ya
_
(womens) biyoin
j
hairdryer doraiya
____-
hair gel jeru
)
hairgrips heya-pin
__
hair spray heya-supure
_-
half hambun
half an hour han-jikan

g
half a litre han-rit
toru
|_)
about half that sono
hambun kurai
_,_\
half board
asayu-nishoku-tsuki
g___
half-bottle hafu-botoru
-_)
half fare hangaku
_
half-price hangaku
(no)
_[,
ham hamu
hamburger hambaga
--
hand te
q
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handbag handobag
gu
_
handbrake handobureki
_-_
handkerchief hankachi
handle (on door) tot
te
q
(on suitcase) mochite
]q
hand luggage tenimotsu
q{_
hang-gliding hanguraidingu
__
hangover futsukayoi
__\
Ive got a hangover
futsukayoi desu
__\
happen okorimasu
_[_
whats happening? do nat
te
imasu ka?
_\__
(whats on?) nani o yat
te
imasu ka?
j__\_
_
(whats wrong?) do shitandesu
ka?
_____
what has happened? nani ga
at
tandesu ka?
j___
_
happy ureshi
_\
Im not happy about this sore
niwa nat
toku dekimasen
____
__
harbour minato
_
hard katai
__\
(difficult) muzukashi
___\
hard-boiled egg
katayude-tamago
_____
hard lenses hado-kontakuto
-__
hardly: I hardly ever ...
hotondo -masen
______
I hardly ever go met
ta ni
ikimasen
______
I hardly know him kare no
koto wa hotondo
shirimasen
_,_______
_[__
hardware shop kanamono-ya
___
hat boshi
__
hate (verb) kirai desu
_\
have mochimasu
]_
can I have a ...? o
morat
te mo i desu ka?
___\\
_
can we have some ...? o
ikutsuka moraemasu ka?
_\____
__
do you have ...? o mot
te
imasu ka?
_]\_
_
whatll you have (to drink)?
nani ni shimasu ka?
j____
I have to ... -nakute wa
narimasen
__[
__
I have to leave now mo
ikanakute wa narimasen
____
[__
do I have to ...? -nakute
wa narimasen ka?
__[
___
hayfever kafun-sho
_|
he* kare
_
head atama
__
headache zutsu
headlights hed
do-raito
____
headphones hed
do-hon
_
healthy (person) kenko (na)
_Q[
(food) karada ni i
__\\
hear kikoemasu
____
dialogue
can you hear me?
kikoemasu ka?
I cant hear you, could you
repeat that? kikoemasen,
mo ichido it
te
kuremasen ka?
hearing aid hochoki
_
heart shinzo
__
heart attack shinzomahi
__q_
heat atsusa
__
heater (in room) dambo
(in car) hita

_--
heating dambo
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heavy omoi
_\
heel (of foot) kakato
___
(of shoe) hiru
_-)
could you heel these? hiru o
naoshite kuremasen ka?
_-)__
____
height (of person) shincho
[_
(of object) takasa
_
helicopter herikopta
|-
hello kon
nichi wa
____
(on phone) moshi-moshi
____
helmet (for motorcycle)
herumet
to
)_
help (noun) kyoryoku
_
(verb) tetsudaimasu
q_\_
help! tasukete!
_
can you help me? tetsudat
te
kuremasen ka?
q____
_
thank you very much for your
help tetsudat
te kurete
domo arigato
q___
_[__
helpful yaku ni tatsu
___
hepatitis kan-en
gj
her* kanojo (o)
_[[_
to her kanojo ni
_[_
with her kanojo to
_[_
for her kanojo no tame
ni
_[,___
thats her kanojo desu
_[
I havent seen her kanojo
niwa at
te imasen
_[___
\__
her ... kanojo no
_[,
its her car sore wa kanojo
no kuruma desu
___[,
herbal tea habu-ti
--
herbs (for cooking) habu
-
(medicinal) yakuso
_q
here koko
__
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here is/are ... wa koko
desu
___
here you are (offering) hai,
dozo
_\___
hers* kanojo no
_[,
thats hers sore wa kanojo
no desu
___[,
hey! chot
to!
_
hi! (hello) domo!
__
high takai
\
highchair bebi-chea
_-
highway kosokudoro
__
hill oka
_
him* kare (o)
_[_
to him kare ni
__
with him kare to
__
for him kare no tame ni
_,___
thats him kare desu
_
I havent seen him kare niwa
at
te imasen
____
\__
hip oshiri
_[
hire karimasu
j[_
for hire rentaru (no)
)[,
where can I hire a bike?
doko de jitensha ga
kariraremasu ka?
___g_j[
__
his* kare no
_,
its his car sore wa kare no
kuruma desu
___,
thats his sore wa kare no
desu
___,
hitch-hike hit
chi-haiku
__
hobby shumi
_q
hold (verb) mochimasu
]_
hole ana
holiday yasumi
on holiday yasumi de
Holland Oranda
__
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home uchi
at home (in my house) uchi de
(in my country) watashi no

kuni de
_,p
we go home tomorrow
watashitachi wa ashita
kikoku shimasu
_____p
__
honey hachimitsu
_
honeymoon shinkon-ryoko
[__
hood (US: of car) bon
net
to
__
hope kibo
_
I hope so so da to i desu ne
__\\_
I hope not so de nai to i
desu ne
_\_\\
_
hopefully dekireba
__
horrible osoroshi
__\
horse uma
horse riding joba
hospital byoin
hospitality omotenashi
__
thank you for your hospitality
omotenashi domo arigato
gozaimashita
____
[____\__
_
hot atsui
_\
(spicy) karai
_\
Im hot atsui desu
_\
its hot today kyo wa atsui
desu
___\
hotel hoteru
)
(Japanese-style) ryokan
_
hotel room hoteru no heya
),__
hot spring onsen
__
hour jikan
g
house ie
_
hovercraft hoba-kurafuto
-__
how do
_
how many? ikutsu?
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\_
how do you do?
hajimemashite
_____
dialogues
how are you? ogenki desu
ka?
fine, thanks, and you? e,
okagesama de, sochira wa
do desu ka?
how much is it? ikura desu
ka?
520 yen go-hyaku-ni-ju-
en desu
Ill take it ja, sore o
kudasai
humid mushi-atsui
__\
hungry onaka ga suita
__\_
are you hungry? onaka ga
sukimashita ka?
______
_
hurry (verb) isogimasu
__
Im in a hurry isoide imasu
_\\_
theres no hurry isogu koto
wa arimasen
_____[
__
hurry up! isoide kudasai!
_\__\
hurt (verb) itamimasu
_
it really hurts totemo
itamimasu
___
husband (ones own) shujin
_[
(someone elses) goshujin
_[
my husband uchi no shujin
,_[
hydrofoil suichu-yokusen
J_
I
I watashi
_
ice kori
_
with ice kori-iri
_[
no ice, thanks kori wa i
desu
__\\
ice cream aisu-kurimu
_|-
ice-cream cone aisu-kurimu
no kon
_|-,
-
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ice lolly aisu-kyandi
__\-
idea kan
gae
[_
idiot hakuchi
if moshi
__
ill byoki (no)
[,
I feel ill kibun ga warui desu
__\
illness byoki
imitation (leather etc) mozohin

[__
immediately sugu
_
important taisetsu (na)
_|[
its very important totemo
taisetsu desu
___|
its not important do demo i
koto desu
__\\__
impossible fukano (na)

/_[
impressive insho-teki (na)
|Qg[
improve: I want to improve my
Japanese Nihon-go ga
umak naritai desu
[q____[
_\
in: its in the centre sore wa
hankagai ni arimasu
__j|_[
_
in my car watashi no
kuruma no naka
_,,_
in Sapporo Sapporo ni
_g_
in May Gogatsu ni
_]_
in English Eigo de
j_
in Japanese Nihon-go de
[q_
in two days from now ima
kara futsuka de
\___[
in five minutes go-fun de
_
is he in? kare wa imasu ka?
__\__
incense oko
_
inch inchi
_
include fukumimasu
__
does that include meals?
shokuji wa komi desu ka?
____
is that included? sore mo
ryokin ni fukumarete imasu
ka?
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__|___
_\__
inconvenient fuben (na)
/Q[
incredible shinjirarenai
__\
Indian (adj) Indo (no)
__[,
indicator winka
-
indigestion shokafuryo
_/_
indoor pool okunai-puru
_-)
indoors okunai
_
inexpensive tegoro (na)
q_[
infection kansensho
__
infectious densensei (no)
__[,
inflammation ensho
j
informal kudaketa
__
information joho
_
do you have any information
about ...? ni tsuite no
joho ga arimasu ka?
_\,__
[__
information desk an
naisho
j
injection chusha
_g
injured kega o shita
____
shes been injured kanojo
wa kega o shimashita
_[____
___
inn (Japanese-style) ryokan
_
inner tube (for tyre) chubu
-
insect mushi
_
insect bite mushi-sasare
___
do you have anything for
insect bites? mushi-sasare
no kusuri wa arimasu ka?
___,__[
__
insect repellent
mushiyoke
__
inside: inside the hotel hoteru
no naka
),_
lets sit inside naka ni
suwarimasho
___[__
insist iharimasu
_\_[_
I insist doka zehi
___
if you insist do shitemo to
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iunara
____
\
instant coffee insutanto-kohi
__
-_-
instead: give me that one
instead kawari ni sot
chi o
kudasai
__[___
__\
instead of ... no kawari
ni
,__[_
insulin inshurin
_|
insurance hoken
_
intelligent atama ga i
___\\
interested: Im interested in ...
ni kyomi ga arimasu
_q_[_
interesting omoshiroi
__\
thats very interesting sore
wa totemo omoshiroi desu
______
\
international kokusai-teki
(na)
pg[
Internet intanet
to
_-__
interpreter tsuyaku
_
intersection kosaten
__
interval (at theatre) kyukei-
jikan
_g
into ni
_
Im not into ... wa suki
dewa arimasen
___[
__
introduce shokai shimasu
__
may I introduce ...? (formal)
o goshokai itashimasu
__\__
_
(informal) o shokai
shimasu
___
invitation shotai
_j
invite shotai shimasu
_j__
invoice seikyusho
_
Ireland Airurando
_)__
Irish Airurando (no)
_)__
[,
Im Irish watashi wa
Airurando-jin desu
___)__[
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a
iron (for ironing) airon

_+
can you iron these for me?
kore ni airon o kakete
kuremasen ka?
___+__
____
is* desu
island shima
it sore
_
it is ... sore wa desu
__
is it ...? desu ka?
_
where is it? doko desu ka?
___
its him kare desu
_
it was ... deshita
__
Italian (adj) Itaria (no)
_|[,
Italy Itaria
_|
itch: it itches kayui desu
_\
ivory zoge
_,
J
jacket jaket
to
\_
jam (preserve) jamu
\
jammed: its jammed
tsumat
te imasu
_\_
January Ichigatsu
]
Japan Nihon
[q
Japanese (adj) Nihon
(no)
[q[,
(noun) Nihon-jin
[q[
(language) Nihon-go
[q_
the Japanese Nihon-jin
[q[
Japanese food washoku
__
Japanese-style wafu
_
Japan Sea Nihon-kai
[q
jar (noun) bin
_
jaw ago
_
jazz jazu
\
jeans jinzu
-
jellyfish kurage
_,
jersey seta
--
jetty sambashi
____
jewellers hoseki-ten
__
jewellery hoseki
_
JewishYudaya (no)
._[,
job shigoto
_
jogging jogingu
joke jodan
__
joss stick osenko
_
journey ryoko
_
have a good journey! sore
dewa tanoshi ryoko o!
__q_\_
_
judo judo
_
jug mizusashi
__
a jug of water mizusashi
ip
pai no mizu
__],
juice fres
shu-jusu
-
July Shichigatsu
_]
jump (verb) jampu shimasu
\__
junction (in road) kosaten
__
(on motorway) intachenji
_-
June Rokgatsu
;]
just (only) dake
just two futatsu dake

__
just for me watashi ni dake
__
just here chodo koko de
___
not just now ima wa dame
desu
\___
weve just arrived ima tsuita
tokoro desu
\_\___
K
keep (verb) tot
te okimasu
__
keep the change otsuri wa
kek
ko desu
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[__
can I keep it? morat
te mo i
desu ka?
__\\
_
please keep it dozo omochi
kudasai
__]
__\
ketchup kechap
pu
\
kettle yakan
___
key kagi
_
the key for room 201, please
ni-maru-ichi-go no kagi o
onegai shimasu
_(__,__Q
\__
keyring kihoruda
_-)-
kidneys jinzo
]_
kilo kiro
_+
kilometre kirometoru
_+-_)
how many kilometres is it to
...? made nan-kiro
arimasu ka?
_j_+[
__
kind (generous) shinsetsu
|
thats very kind sore wa
goshinsetsu ni
___|_
dialogue
which kind do you want?
dochira ga i desu ka?
I want this/that kind kono/
sono shurui ga hoshi desu
kiosk kiosuku
__
kiss (noun) kisu
_
(verb) kisu shimasu
___
kitchen daidokoro
_
kite tako
__
kite-flying tako-age
__,
Kleenex tis
shu-pepa
--
knee hiza
_
knickers shotsu
-
knife naifu
_
knock (verb) nok
ku shimasu
__
knock over (object) hik
kuri
kaeshimasu
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_[___
(pedestrian) hanemasu
___
hes been knocked over kare
wa kuruma ni
haneraremashita
_____
___
know shit
te imasu
_\_
I dont know shirimasen
_[__
I didnt know that sore wa
shirimasen deshita
___[__
__
do you know where I can
find ...? doko de ga te ni
hairimasu ka?
___q_[
__
Korean (adj) Kankoku (no)
p[,
L
label raberu
_)
lacquerware shik
ki
__
ladies room, ladies toilets
keshoshitsu
_[_
ladies wear fujinfuku-uriba
j[__[
lady josei
[
lager raga-biru
_-_-)
lake mizumi
lamb (meat) kohitsuji

q
lamp sutando
_
lane (motorway) shasen
(small road) roji

_
language kotoba
_y
(foreign language) gaikoku-go
;p_
language course
gogaku-kosu
__-
large oki
__\
last (final) saigo (no)
_Q[,
last week senshu
_
last Friday senshu no
Kin
yobi
_,_Q[
last night yube
what time is the last train to

Yokohama?Yokohama-iki
no saishu-densha wa nanji
desu ka?
]_,__
_j_
late osoi
@\
sorry Im late okurete
sumimasen
@__
the train was late densha ga
okuremashita
__@___
we must go well be late
ikanaito chikoku shite
shimaimasu
_\_@_
__\_
its getting late zuibun
osoku narimashita
\__@_[
___
later ato de
_
Ill come back later ato de
modot
te kimasu
___
see you later sore ja mata
____
later on ato de
_
latest (most recent) saishin (no)
_[[,
by Wednesday at the latest
osoku-tomo Suiyobi made
ni
@___Q[_
_
laugh (verb) waraimasu
j\_
launderette, laundromat
koin-randori
___|-
laundry (clothes) sentaku-
mono
____,
(place) sentaku-ya
____
lavatory toire
__
law horitsu
_
lawn shibafu
___
lawyer ben
goshi
]__
laxative gezai
lazy namake-mono
__,
lead (electrical) kodo
-_
lead (verb) tsujite imasu
__\_
where does this road lead?
kono michi wa doko ni
tsujite imas ka?
_,_____
__\__
leaf hap
pa
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leaflet chirashi
_
leak (noun) more
_
the roof leaks amamori ga
shimasu
_[___
learn naraimasu
\_
least: not in the least zenzen
____
at least sukunaku-tomo
____
leather kawa
q
leave (verb: depart) shup
patsu
shimasu
____
(put somewhere) okimasu
__
(forget) okiwasuremasu
___
I am leaving tomorrow ashita
shup
patsu shimasu
______
he left yesterday kare wa
kino tachimashita
___,_
___
when does the bus for
Kanazawa leave? Kanazawa-
iki no basu wa itsu
shup
patsu shimasu ka?

__,_\
_____
may I leave this here? koko
ni oite mo i desu ka?
___\_\\
_
I left my coat in the bar ba ni
koto o okiwasuremashita
-_-___
____
left hidari
_
on the left hidari ni
__
to the left hidari e
_
turn left hidari e magat
te
kudasai
__
__\
theres none left mo
arimasen
_[__
left-handed hidari-kiki (no)
___
left luggage (office)
tenimotsu-azukari-jo
q{__[
leg ashi
_
lemon remon
lemonade remonedo
_-_
lend kashimasu
]__
will you lend me your ...?
o kashite kuremasen
ka?
_]__
___
lens (of camera) renzu
lesbian rezubian
_
less mot
to sukunaku
____
less than ika
less expensive sore hodo

takaku nai
____\
lesson jugyo
_
let: will you let me know?
shirasete kuremasen ka?
____
_
Ill let you know oshirase
shimasu
___
lets go for something to eat
nani ka tabe ni ikimasho
j____
__
let off oroshimasu
|__
will you let me off at ...?
de oroshite kuremasen ka?
|__
___
letter tegami
q
do you have any letters for
me? watashi-ate no tegami
wa arimasu ka?
__,q_[
__
letterbox posuto
_
lettuce retasu
library toshokan
__
licence menkyo
lid futa
__
lie (verb: tell untruth) uso o
tsukimasu
____
lie down yoko ni
narimasu
]_[_
lifebelt kyumeitai
jq
lifeguard raifu-gado
__-_
life jacket kyumei-doi
j
lift (elevator) erebeta
a--
could you give me a lift?
nosete kuremasen ka?
___
_
would you like a lift? nosete
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i
agemasho ka?
,__
_
light (noun) hikari
_[
(electric) denki
_
(adj: not heavy) karui
__\
do you have a light? (for
cigarette) hi o mot
te imasu
ka?
__]\_
_
light green usu-midori (no)
_[[,
light bulb denkyu
_Q
I need a new light bulb
atarashi denkyu ga hitsuyo
desu
[_\_Q_j
lighter (cigarette) raita

__-
lightning inabikari
\_[
like (verb) suki desu
_
I like it suki desu
_
I like going for walks sampo
ni ikuno ga suki desu
j_\_,__
I like you anata ga suki

desu
___
I dont like it suki ja
arimasen
__[__
do you like ...? ga suki
desu ka?
___
Id like a beer biru ga hoshi
desu
_-)__\
Id like to go swimming oyogi
ni ikitai desu
__\__\
would you like a drink?
nomimono wa ikaga desu
ka?
__\__
_
would you like to go for a
walk? sampo ni ikitaku
arimasen ka?
j_\___[
___
whats it like? do yu kanji
desu ka?
_\__
_
I want one like this kon
na
no ga hoshi desu
__,__\
lime raimu
__
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o
line sen
could you give me an outside

line? gaisen ni tsunaide
kudasai
;_\
__\
lips kuchibiru
__
lipstick kuchibeni
|
liqueur rikyuru
|_-)
listen kikimasu
__
litre rit
toru
|_)
little sukoshi
__
just a little, thanks arigato,
hon no sukoshi
[_____,
__
a little milk miruku o hon
no sukoshi
)___,
__
a little bit more mo sukoshi
___
live (verb) sunde imasu
__\_
we live together is
sho ni
sunde imasu
___\_
dialogue
where do you live? doko
ni sunde imasu ka?
I live in London Rondon
ni sunde imasu
lively iki-iki shita
\_\___
liver (in body) kanzo
g_
(food) reba
-
lobby (in hotel) robi
+_-
lobster ise-ebi
\_
local jimoto no
__,
lock (noun) kagi
_
its locked kagi ga kakat
te
imasu
____
\_
lock in tojikomemasu
[____
lock out
shimedashimasu
____
Ive locked myself out of my
room kagi o naka ni
wasuremashita
__J__
___
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o
locker (for luggage etc) rok
ka
+-
lollipop kyandi
_\-
London Rondon
+_
long nagai
_\
how long will it take to fix it?
naosu no ni dono kurai
kakarimasu ka?
,__,_
\__[__
how long does it take? dono
kurai kakarimasu ka?
_,_\__[
__
a long time nagai aida
_\g
long-distance call
chokyori-denwa
____
look: Im just looking, thanks
miteru dake desu, arigato
___
[__
you dont look well guai ga
yoku nasaso desu ne
]_\_____
_
look out! ki o tsuete!
_
can I have a look? chot
to
misete kuremasen ka?
___
___
look after sewa o shimasu
_____
look at mimasu
__
look for sagashimasu
____
Im looking for ... o
sagashite imasu
____\_
look forward to tanoshimi ni
shimasu
q____
Im looking forward to it
tanoshimi ni shite imasu
q___\_
loose (handle etc) yurui
_\
lorry torak
ku
__
lose nakushimasu
___
Ive lost my way michi ni
mayot
te shimaimashita
_____\
___
Im lost, I want to get to ...
e ikitai no desu ga,
mayot
te shimaimashita
__\,
_____\
___
Ive lost my bag bag
gu o
nakshimashita
___
___
lost property (office)
ishitsubutsu-toriatsukai-jo
__
lot: a lot, lots takusan
____
not a lot an-mari oku naku
__[___
a lot of people takusan no
hito
____,_
a lot bigger zut
to oki
__\
I like it a lot totemo suki
desu
___
lotion roshon
+-
loud sawagashi
___\
lounge raunji
_
love (noun) ai
j
(verb) daisuki desu
__
I love Japan Nihon ga
daisuki desu
[q___
lovely steki (na)
_[
low (prices) yasui
[\
(bridge) hikui
_\
luck un
_
good luck! umaku ikimasu
yoni!
__\__
__
luggage nimotsu
{_
luggage trolley nimotsu-yo
kato
{_j-_
lunch chushoku
__
boxed lunch obento
__
lungs hai
_
luxurious zeitaku (na)
_\__[
M
machine kikai
g]
magazine zas
shi
_
maid (in hotel)
kyakushitsu-gakari
___
(in Japanese inn, restaurant)
nakai-san
__
maiden name kyusei
g
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mail (noun) yubin
Q
(verb) yuso shimasu
___
is there any mail for me?
nani ka yubin ga kite imasu
ka?
j_Q__
\__
mailbox posuto
_
main omo (na)
_[
main course mein-kosu
_-
main post office yubinkyoku
no honkyok
Q,q
main road odori
__[
mains switch dengen
_
make (brand name) shurui
_Q
(verb) tsukurimasu
_[_
I make it 500 yen tat
ta
go-hyaku-en desu
____[
what is it made of? nani de
dekite imasu ka?
j_\_
_
make-up kesho
_[
Malaysia Mareshia
-
Malaysian (adj) Mareshia
(no)
-[,
man otoko no hito
,[
manager (in restaurant, hotel)
shihainin
__[
(in shop) tencho
__
(in business) keieisha
can I see the manager?

shihainin ni awasete
kuremasen ka?
__[___
____
managing director shacho
__
manual (car with manual gears)
manyuaru (no)
.)[,
many takusan (no)
____[,
not many amari ok nai
_[__\
map chizu
__
network map rosenzu
_
March San
gatsu
_]
margarine magarin
-|
market ichiba
(in business) shijo
marmalade mamaredo
--_
married: Im married kek
kon
shite imasu
___\_
are you married? kek
kon
shite imasu ka?
___\__
martial arts budo
__
mascara masukara
_
massage (noun) mas
saji
)-
mat (Japanese) tatami
__
match (football etc) shiai
__
matches mat
chi
material (fabric) kiji

__
matter: it doesnt matter nan
demo i desu
__\\
whats the matter? do
shimashita ka?
______
mattress futon
___
May Gogatsu
_]
may: may I have another one?
mo hitotsu morat
te mo i
desu ka?
___
_\\_
may I come in? hait
te mo i
desu ka?
_\\
_
may I see it? mite mo i desu
ka?
__\\_
may I sit here? koko ni
suwat
te mo i desu ka?
_____\\
_
maybe tabun
___
mayonnaise mayonezu
_-
me* watashi (o)
_[_
thats for me sore wa
watashi no desu
___,
send it to me okut
te
kudasai
___\
me too watashi mo
__
meal gohan, shokuji
_____
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dialogue
did you enjoy your meal?
oshokuji no ho wa ikaga
deshita ka?
it was excellent, thank you
arigato gozaimasu,
totemo oishikat
ta desu
mean: what do you mean? do
iu koto desu ka?
_\___
dialogue
what does this word
mean? kono kotoba wa
do iu imi desu ka?
it means ... in English Eigo
de to iu imi desu
measles hashika
___
German measles fushin
meat niku
|
mechanic shuriko
_
medicine kusuri
_
medium (adj) chu kurai (no)
J_\[,
(clothes) emu-saizu
a)_
medium-dry chu kurai no
karasa (no)
J_\,__
[,
medium-rare midiamu-rea
(no)
[,
medium-sized chu kurai (no)
J_\[,
meet aimasu
_\_
nice to meet you
hajimemashite
_____
where shall I meet you? doko
de aimasho ka?
___\__
_
meeting shukai
__
(business) kaigi
__
meeting place
machi-awase-basho
j__
men dansei
mend naoshimasu
__
could you mend this for me?
kore o naoshite kuremasen
ka?
___
____
mens room dansei-yo toire
j__
menswear shinshifuku-uriba
y___[
mention: dont mention it do
itashimashite
_\____
menu menyu
.-
may I see the menu, please?
menyu o onegai shimasu
.-_Q\_
_
see menu reader page 266
message dengon
__
are there any messages for
me? dengon ga nani ka
arimasen deshita ka?
___j_[_
____
I want to leave a message
for ... -san ni dengon o
onegai shimasu
______
Q\__
metal kinzoku
_Q
metre metoru
-_)
microwave (oven) denshi-
renji
__
midday shogo
_q
at midday shogo ni
_q_
middle: in the middle
man
naka ni
_J_
in the middle of the night
mayonaka ni
J_
the middle one man
naka
no
_J,
midnight mayonaka
J
at midnight mayonaka ni
J_
might: I might go iku kamo
shiremasen
______
I might not go ikanai kamo
shiremasen
_\___
__
I might want to stay another
day mo ip
paku suru kamo

shiremasen
___
_____
migraine henzutsu
_
mild (taste) usuaji (no)
_[,
(weather) atatakai
___\
mile mairu
_)
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i
milk miruku
)
milkshake miruku-seki
)-_
millimetre mirimetoru
|-_)
mind: never mind ki ni
shinaide kudasai
__\
__\
Ive changed my mind ki ga
kawarimashita
__[___
dialogue
do you mind if I open the
window? mado o akete
mo i desho ka?
no, I dont mind e, dozo
mine*: its mine watashi no
desu
_,
mineral water mineraru-uota
__)--
mints minto
_
minute fun
in a minute sug ni
__
just a minute chot
to mat
te
kudasai
_j
__\
mirror kagami
__
Miss ... -san
__
miss: I missed the bus basu ni
noriokuremashita
_[@
___
missing: one of my ... is
missing ga hitotsu
miatarimasen
____[
__
theres a suitcase missing
sutsuesu ga miatarimasen
--__
_[__
mist kiri
mistake (noun) machigai

__\
I think theres a mistake
domo machigai ga aru yo
nan desu ga
____\_
____
sorry, Ive made a mistake
sumimasen,
machigaemashita
_____
____
mix-up: sorry, theres been a
mix-up sumimasen, techigai
deshita
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___q_\
__
mobile phone keitaidenwa
q__
modern modan (na)
[
moisturizer nyueki
_
moment: I wont be a moment
sugu modorimasu
_[_
monastery soin
Monday Getsuyobi
]Q[
money okane
_
month (this, last, next etc) getsu
]
(one, two, three etc) kagetsu
]
monument kinenhi
__
moon tsuki
]
moped tansha
more* mot
to
__
can I have some more water,
please? omizu o mo
sukoshi moraemasu ka?
____
____
more expensive/interesting
mot
to takai/omoshiroi
__\_
_\
more than 50 go-ju ijo
_(_
more than that sore ijo
__
a lot more mot
to takusan
______
dialogue
would you like some
more? mo sukoshi ikaga
desu ka?
no, no more for me,
thanks ie, mo kek
ko
desu
how about you? sochira
wa do desu ka?
I dont want any more,
thanks mo kek
ko desu
morning asa
g
this morning kesa
_
in the morning asa ni
g_
mosquito ka
g
mosquito repellent
kayoke-supure
g_-
most: I like this one most of all
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o
kore ga ichiban suki desu
__\___
most of the time taitei

_\\
most tourists taitei no
ryokokyaku
_\\,__
mostly taitei
_\\
mother (ones own) haha
(someone elses) oka-san

__
mother-in-law (ones own) giri
no haha
],
(someone elses) giri no oka-
san
],__
motorbike otobai
_-__
motorboat motaboto
---_
motorway kosokudoro
__
mountain yama
_
up in the mountains yama ni
__
mountaineering tozan
__
mouse nezumi
_
moustache kuchihige
_,
mouth kuchi
|
move (verb) ugokashimasu
___
hes moved to another
room kare wa
hik
koshimashita
_______
could you move your car?
kuruma o ugokashite
kuremasen ka?
_____
__
could you move up a little?
sukoshi tsumete kuremasen
ka?
_____
__
movie eiga
g
movie theater (US) eigakan
g
Mr -san
__
Mrs -san
__
Ms -san
__
much takusan (no)
____[,
much better zut
to i desu
_\\
much worse nao warui desu
_\
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o
much hotter zut
to atsui
__\
not much sukoshi
__
not very much amari
_[
I dont want very much amari
hoshiku nai desu
_[__\
mud doro
_
mug (for drinking) magukap
pu
Ive been mugged goto ni

osowaremashita
____
___
mum mama
mumps otafuku-kaze
_____
museum hakubutsuan
j_
mushrooms kinoko
_,_
music on
gaku
q
musician on
gak-ka
q_
Muslim (adj) Isuramukyo (no)
__
mussels murugai
-)
must: I must ... -nakereba
narimasen
_[_
_
I mustnt drink alcohol
watashi wa arukoru o
nonde wa ikenain desu
__)-)_
__\\_
mustard masutado
-_
(Japanese) karashi
__
my* watashi no
_,
myself: Ill do it myself jibun
de shimasu
___
by myself jibun de
_
N
nail (finger) tsume
_
(metal) kugi
_
nailbrush tsume-burashi
__
nail varnish manikyua
._
name namae
j
my names John watashi no
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a
namae wa John desu
_,j_
whats your name? shitsurei

desu ga, onamae wa?
__j
_
what is the name of this
street? kono tori no namae
wa nan desu ka?
_,_[,j_j
_
napkin napukin
_
nappy omutsu
_
narrow (street) semai
_\
nasty (person) iya (na)
\_[
(weather, accident etc) hidoi
_\
national kokuritsu (no)
p_[,
nationality kokuseki
p
natural shizen (na)
__[
nausea hakike
__
navy (blue) kon-iro (no)
_[,
near no soba
,__
is it near the city centre?
hankagai kara chikai desu
ka?
j|__\
_
do you go near the Osaka-jo?
Osaka-jo no chikaku e
ikimasu ka?
_Q,___
__
where is the nearest ...?
ichiban chikai wa doko
desu ka?
\___\__
__
nearby chikai
_\
nearly hotondo
____
necessary hitsuyo (na)
j[
neck kubi
_
necklace nek
kuresu
_
necktie nekutai
__
need: I need ... ga hitsuyo
desu
_j
do I need to pay? okane wa
haraun desho ka?
____
__
needle hari
j
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a
negative (film) nega
_
neither: neither (one) of them
dochira demo nai
__\
neither ... nor ... demo
demo nai
__\
nephew (ones own) oi
(someone elses) oigo-san

__
net (in sport) net
to
__
net price seika
_Q
never* kes
shite -masen
___
I never go there soko e wa
kes
shite ikimasen
____
___
(never been/done) koto ga
arimasen
___[__
dialogue
have you ever been to
Tokyo? Tokyo ni it
ta
koto wa arimasu ka?
no, Ive never been there
ie, ichido mo it
ta koto
ga arimasen
new atarashi
[_\
news (radio, TV etc) nyus
.-
newsagents shimbun-ya
[_
newspaper shimbun
[
New Year oshogatsu
_]
Happy New Year!
akemashite omedeto
gozaimasu!
j____
__\_
New Years Day gantan
__
New Years Eve omisoka
_[
New Zealand Nyu-Jirando
.--__
New Zealander: Im a New
Zealander watashi wa Nyu-
Jirando-jin desu
__.--_
_[
next tsugi (no)
[,
the next turning/street on the
left tsugi no hidari no
magarikado/michi
,_,[]_
at the next stop tsugi no
teiryu-jo de
,_
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e
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i
next week raishu
_
next to no tonari
,_[
nice (food) oishi
\_\
(looks, view etc) kirei (na)
_\[
(person) shinsetsu (na)
|[
niece (ones own) mei
_
(someone elses) meigo-san
___
night yoru
at night yoru ni
_
good night oyasuminasai
__\
dialogue
do you have a single room
for one night? ip
paku
desu ga shinguru wa aite
imasu ka?
yes, madam hai,
gozaimasu
how much is it per night?
ip
paku ikura desu ka?

5,000 yen ip
paku go-
sen-en ni narimasu
thank you, Ill take it ja,
onegai shimasu
nightclub naitokurabu
___
nightdress naitodoresu
___
night porter yakan no
furonto-gakari
g,+__
no* (answer) ie
\\_
no ... ga arimasen
_[__
Ive no change kozeni ga
arimasen
__[__
theres no ... left ga mo
arimasen
__[__
no way! tondemo nai!
___\
oh no! (upset) masaka!
___
nobody* dare mo -masen
___
theres nobody there soko
niwa dare mo imasen
_____\
__
noise so-on
_
noisy urusai
__\
non-alcoholic arukoru-nuki
(no)
)-)_
[,
none* (people) dare mo
-masen
___
(things) dore mo -masen
____
nonsmoking compartment
kin
en-koshitsu
_QQ_
noodles menrui
__Q
noon shogo
_q
at noon shogo ni
_q_
no-one* dare mo -masen
___
nor: nor do I watashi mo so
desu
___
normal futsu (no)
_[,
north kita
in the north kita ni

_
to the north kita e
north of Kanazawa
Kanazawa no kita
_,
northeast hokuto
j
Northern Ireland Kita-
Airurando
_)__
North Korea Kita-Chosen
gg
northwest hokusei
Norway Norue
)-
Norwegian (adj) Norue (no)
)-[,
nose hana
not* -masen
__
no, Im not hungry ie, onaka
ga suite imasen
\\____
\\__
I dont want any, thank you
arigato, demo watashi wa
kek
ko desu
[_____
__
its not necessary hitsuyo
nai desu
j\
I didnt know that sore wa
shirimasen deshita
___[__
__
not that one sore ja
arimasen
__[__
not that one, this one sore ja
nakute, kore desu
____
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o
note (banknote) shihei
notebook techo
qg
nothing nani mo -masen
j___
nothing for me, thanks nani
mo irimasen
j_\[__
novel shosetsu
_
November Juichigatsu
q]
now ima
\_
number ban
go
__
(figure) suji
q
Ive got the wrong number
ban
go o
machigaemashita
______
___
what is your phone number?
denwaban
go wa nan-ban
desu ka?
_____j_
_
number plate namba-pureto
--_
nurse (man) kan
goshi
[__
(woman) kan
gofu
[_j
nuts nat
tsu
O
Occidental seiyo (no)
[,
occupied (phone) hanashi-chu
__J
(toilet) shiyo-chu
QjJ
October Jugatsu
q]
oclock ji
odd (strange) kawat
ta
__
of* no
,
off (lights) kiete iru
_\_
its just off ... sore wa
kara sugu desu
____
were off tomorrow ashita
tachimasu
____
office (place of work) jimusho
_
officer (said to policeman)
omawari-san
__[__
often yoku
__
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o
not often met
ta ni
___
how often are the buses?
basu wa nan-bon kurai
arimasu ka?
_jq_\
[__
oil (for car) oiru
__)
(for cooking) abura
_
(for salad) sarada-oiru
)___)
ointment nanko
{
OK oke
_--
are you OK? daijobu desu
ka?
__
is that OK with you? sore de
i desu ka?
_\\_
is it OK to ...? shite mo i
desu ka?
__\\
_
thats OK, thanks sore de
kamaimasen, arigato
___\_
__[__
Im OK (nothing for me) watashi
wa kek
ko desu
___
(I feel OK) daijobu desu
_
is this train OK for ...? kono
densha wa e ikimasu ka?
_,___
__
old (person) toshi o tot
ta
___
(thing) furui
_\
dialogue
how old are you? oikutsu
desu ka?
Im 25 ni-ju-go desu
and you? anata wa?
old-fashioned mukashi-fu
(no)
_[,
old town (old part of town)
kyushigai
in the old town kyushigai ni

_
omelette omuretsu
_
on no ue
,_
on the street tori de
_[
is it on this road? sore wa
kono michizoi desu ka?
___,_\
_
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O
n
on the plane hikoki de
g
on Saturday Doyobi ni
_Q[_
on television terebi de
_
I havent got it on me ima
mot
te imasen
\_]\__
this ones on me (drink) kore
wa watashi mochi desu
___]
the light wasnt on denki ga
tsuite imasen deshita
__\\
____
whats on tonight? komban
wa nani o yat
te imasu ka?
__j__
\__
once (on one occasion) ik
kai
[
(formerly) mae ni
j_
(as soon as) it
tan -tara
\___
at once (immediately) sugu
_
one* hitotsu
_
the white one shiroi no
_\,
one-way ticket katamichi-
kip
pu
)_|
a one-way ticket to ...
made katamichi-kip
pu
o ichi-mai
_,)_|_
j
onion tamanegi
___
only dake
only one hitotsu dake

_
its only 6 oclock mada
rokuji desu
_(
Ive only just got here mada
tsuita bakari desu
_\___[
on/off switch suit
chi
_
open (adj) hiraita
\_
(verb: door) akemasu
_
(of shop) eigyo-chu
_J
when do you open? koko wa
itsu akimasu ka?
___\__
_
I cant get it open akimasen
___
in the open air kogai de
);
opening times eigyojikan
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O
n
_g
open ticket opun-chiket
to
_-_
opera opera
__
operation (medical) shujutsu
q
operator (telephone) opereta
_--
opposite: the opposite
direction hantaihoko
)
the bar opposite mukai no
ba
_\,-
opposite my hotel hoteru no
mukaigawa ni
),_\Q_
optician megane-ya
____
or mata wa
___
orange (fruit) orenji
_
(colour) orenji-iro (no)
__[,
orange juice orenji-jusu
_-
orchestra okesutora
_-__
order (noun) chumon
_
(verb) chumon shimasu
___
can we order now? (in
restaurant) chumon shite mo
i desu ka?
___\\
_
Ive already ordered mo
chumon shimashita
______
I didnt order this kore wa
chumon shimasen deshita
______
__
out of order kowarete imasu
__\_
ordinary futsu (no)
_[,
other hoka no
__[,
the other one mo kataho no
_),
the other day sujitsu mae
[j
Im waiting for the others hoka
no hitotachi o mat
te imasu
__,___
j\_
do you have any others?
hoka nimo arimasu ka?
____[__
otherwise samonaito
__\_
Oriental toyo (no)
j[,
our(s)* watashitachi no
__,
out: hes out kare wa
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O
u
gaishutsu-chu desu
__;_J
three kilometres out of town
machi kara san-kiro
@__+
outdoor pool okugai-puru
_;-)
outside no soto ni
,;_
can we sit outside? soto ni
suwaremasu ka?
;____
oven obun
_-
over: over here koko ni
___
over there asoko ni
___
over 500 go-hyaku ijo
_((_
its over owarimashita
_[___
overcharge: youve overcharged
me kore wa torisugi desu
__[
overcoat oba
_--
overland mail sarubin
))Q
overnight (travel) ip
paku (no)
_[,
overtake oikoshimasu
_\___
owe: how much do I owe you?
ikura haraeba i desu ka?
\____\\
_
own: my own ...
watashi-jishin no
__[,
are you on your own? ohitori
desu ka?
_[_
Im on my own hitori desu
_[
owner mochinushi
]_
oyster kaki
__
P
Pacific Ocean Taiheiyo
_q
pack (verb) nimotsu o
tsumemasu
{____
a pack of ... hito-pak
ku
_
package (parcel) kozutsumi
_
package holiday pak
ku-
ryoko
_
packed lunch obento
]_
packet: a packet of cigarettes
tabako hito-hako
____
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u
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P
a
paddy field tambo
___
page (of book) peji
-
could you page Mr ...? -san
o yobidashite kuremasen ka?
_____
_____
pagoda to
pain itami
I have a pain here koko ga

itai desu
___\
painful itai
\
painkillers itamidome
__
painting e
_
pair: a pair of ... hito-kumi
no
,
palace kyuden
_g
pale (colour) usu-
pale blue usu-aoi

\
pan furaipan
__
panties (womens underwear)
shotsu
-
pants (underwear: mens) pantsu
(womens) shotsu
-
(US: trousers) zubon
pantyhose panti-sutok
kingu
-__
paper kami
(Japanese) washi
_
(newspaper) shimbun
[
a piece of paper kami
ichi-mai
j
paper folding origami
[
paper handkerchiefs tis
shu-
pepa
--
parcel kozutsumi
_
pardon (me)? (didnt
understand/hear) nante
imashita ka?
__\___
_
parents (ones own) ryoshin
(someone elses) goryoshin
park (noun) koen

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P
a
__
(verb) chushajo
g
can I park here? koko ni
chusha shite mo i desu ka?
___g__
\\_
parking lot chushajo
g
part (noun) bubun
_
partner (boyfriend, girlfriend etc)
patona
-_-
(in business) kyodo-keiei-sha
][
party (group) dantai
_q
(celebration) pati
--
passenger jokyaku
_
passport pasupoto
-_
past*: in the past mae ni
___
just past the information
office an
naijo o koete sugu

j____
path komichi
_
pattern moyo
__
pavement hodo
_
on the pavement hodo de
_
pavilion tenjikan
___
pay (verb) shiharaimasu
__\_
can I pay, please? okanjo o
onegai shimasu
__Q\
__
its already paid for mo
harat
te arimasu
__[_
dialogue
whos paying? dare ga
haraimasu ka?
Ill pay watashi ga
haraimasu
no, you paid last time, Ill
pay ie, konomae harat
te
moraimashita, watashi ga
haraimasu
payment shiharai
__\
payphone koshudenwa
_q__
peaceful shizuka (na)
__[
peach momo
__
peanuts pinat
tsu
_-
pear nashi
_
pearl shinju
peculiar (strange) kawat
ta
__
pedestrian crossing odanhodo
]_
pedestrian zone hokosha-
ten
goku
]p
peg (for washing) sentaku-
basami
_____
(for tent) pegu
pen pen
pencil empitsu
__
penfriend pemparu
)
penicillin penishirin
.|
penknife poket
to-naifu
__
pensioner
nenkin-seikatsu
sha
___
people hito
_
the other people in the hotel
hoteru no hoka no
tomarikyaku
),__,_[
_
too many people hito ga
osugi
___
pepper (spice) kosho
__
per: per night hito-ban ni
tsui
__
how much per day?
ichinichi ikura desu ka?
[\__
per cent pasento
-_
perfect kampeki (na)
__[
perfume kosui
_
perhaps tabun
___
perhaps not tabun chigau
desho
_____
period (of time) kikan
g
(menstruation) seiri
_
permit (noun) kyoka
person hito
_
personal stereo uokuman
-
petrol gasorin
|
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petrol can sekiyukan
petrol station gasorin-

sutando
|_
pharmacy yak
kyoku,
kusuri-ya
____
Philippines Firipin
|_
phone (noun) denwa
__
(verb) denwa shimasu
____
phone book denwacho
__g
phone box koshudenwa
_q__
phonecard terefon-kado
-_
phone number denwaban
go
____
photo shashin
excuse me, could you take a

photo of us? chot
to
sumimasen, shashin tot
te
kuremasen ka?
__
____
___
phrasebook kaiwa-hyogen-
shu
__j_
piano piano
_
pickpocket suri
|
pick up: will you be there to pick
me up? soko made mukae ni
kite kuremasen ka?
_______
____
picnic (noun) piknik
ku
_.
picture (painting) e
_
(photo) shashin
piece hitotsu
_
a piece of ... hito-kire no
__,
pill piru
_)
Im on the pill piru o nonde
imasu
_)__\_
pillow makura
__
pillow case makura-kaba
__-
pin (noun) pin
_
pinball pachinko
pine matsu
_
pineapple painap
puru
_)
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pink pinku-iro (no)
__[,
pipe (for smoking) paipu
_
(for water) suidokan
__
pity: its a pity
zan
nen desu
__
pizza piza
_|
place (noun) tokoro
__
at your place anata no
tokoro de
_,__
at his place kare no tokoro
de
_,__
plain (not patterned) muji (no)
j_[,
plane hikoki
g
by plane hikoki de
g
plant shokubutsu
__
plasters bansoko
____
plastic purastik
ku
_
(credit cards) kurejit
to-kado
_-_
plastic bag biniru-bukuro
_.-)_
plate sara
_
platform purat
to-homu
__-
which platform is it for Nara?
Nara-iki wa dono purat
to-
homu desu ka?
_____,
__-
_
play (verb: sports, game) shimasu
__
(musical instrument) hikimasu
__
(music) kakemasu
__
(noun: in theatre) shibai
_
playground asobiba
_
pleasant kimochi no i
],\\
please (requesting) onegai
shimasu
Q\__
(go ahead) dozo
__
yes, please hai, onegai
shimasu
_\_Q\__
could you please ...? -te
kuremasen ka?
___
_
please dont doka yamete
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kudasai
_____
_\
pleased: pleased to meet you
hajimemashite
_____
pleasure: my pleasure do
itashimashite
_\____
plenty: plenty of ... takusan no
____,
theres plenty of time jikan
wa jubun arimasu
g_q[_
thats plenty, thanks mo
kek
ko desu, domo
___
__
plug (electrical, for car) puragu
_
(in sink) sen
_
plum (Western) sumomo
__
(Japanese) ume
_
plumber suido-ya
__
pm gogo
qQ
poached egg otoshi-tamago
_____
pocket poket
to
_
point: two point five ni-ten-
go
_._
theres no point muda desu
_
poisonous yudoku (na)
[[
police keisatsu
j_
call the police! keisatsu o
yonde kudasai!
j_____
_\
policeman keikan
j_
police station keisatsu-sho
j__
policewoman fukei
jj
polish (noun) tsuyadashi
___
polite teinei (na)
\_\[
polluted yogoreta
___
pool (for swimming) puru
-)
poor (not rich) bimbo (na)
__[
(quality) somatsu (na)
__[
pop music pop
psu
pop singer kashu

gq
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popular ninki no aru
[,_
pork butaniku
]|
port (for boats) minato
_
(drink) poto-wain
-__
porter (in hotel) boi
-_
portrait shozoga
Qg
posh (restaurant) shareta
__
(people) johin (na)
__[
possible kano (na)
_[
is it possible to ...?
-koto ga dekimasu ka?
_____
as ... as possible dekiru-

dake
__
post (noun: mail) yubin
Q
(verb) yuso shimasu
___
could you post this for me?
kore o tokan shite
kuremasen ka?
______
___
postcard ehagaki
____
postcode yubimban
go
Q__
poster posuta
-
poste restante
kyoku-dome-yubin
__Q
post office yubinkyoku
Q
potato chips (US: crisps)
poteto-chip
pu
_
pottery (objects) toki
[_
pound (money) pondo
_
(weight) paundo
_
power cut teiden
_
power point konsento
_
practise: I want to practise my
Japanese Nihon-go o
renshu shitai desu
[q__Q__\
prawns ebi
_
prefer: I prefer ... no ho ga
suki desu
,___
pregnant ninshin-chu (no)
gQJ[,
prescription (for medicine)
shohosen
_
present (gift) purezento
_
president (of country) daitoryo
__
(of company) shacho
__
pretty kirei (na)
_\[
its pretty expensive kanari
takai desu
_[\
price nedan
_[
priest obo-san
__
(Shinto) kan
nushi-san
___
prime minister soridaijin
__
printed matter insatsubutsu
|_
prison keimusho
_
private shi-teki (na)
_g[
private bathroom sen
yo no
basu-toire
j,__
probably osoraku
__
problem mondai
[_
no problem! daijobu!
_
product seihin
j_
program(me) (TV, radio)
ban
gumi
_
(theatre, computer) puroguramu
+_
promise: I promise yakusoku
shimasu
__
pronounce: how is this
pronounced? kore wa do
hatsu
on shimasu ka?
______
_
properly (repaired, locked etc)
chanto
__
protection factor fakuta
-
Protestant purotesutanto
+_
public baths sento
_Q
public holiday saijitsu
_[
public toilets koshubenjo
_qQ
pull hikimasu
__
puncture (noun) panku
puppet nin
gyo
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r
[
puppet show nin
gyo-geki
[
puppet theatre (Japanese
traditional) bunraku
q
purple murasaki (no)
___[,
purse (for money) saifu
_\_
(US: handbag) handobag
gu
_
push oshimasu
|__
pushchair kuruma-isu
\
put okimasu
__
where can I put ...? o
doko ni okimasho ka?
_____
___
could you put us up for the
night? komban tomete
itadakemasen desho ka?
___\_
____
pyjamas pajama
\
Q
quality hinshitsu
__
quarantine ken
eki
]
quarter (amount) yom-bun no
ichi
,
(time) ju-go-fun
__
quayside: on the quayside
hatoba de
_
question shitsumon
_[
queue (noun) gyoretsu
j
quick hayai
_\
that was quick hayakat
ta
desu
___
whats the quickest way
there? soko ni iku niwa nani
ga ichiban hayai desu ka?
______j
_\___\
_
fancy a quick drink? ip
pai
yat
te ikimasen ka?
]_\_
___
quickly hayaku
__
quiet (place, hotel) shizuka (na)
__[
quiet! shizuka ni!
___
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u
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Q
u
quite (fairly) kanari
_[
(very) totemo
__
thats quite right mat
taku
sono tori desu
____,_[
quite a lot kanari takusan

_[____
R
race (for horses) keiba
_
(for cars, runners) resu
-
racket (tennis, squash) raket
to
__
radiator (of car) rajieta
_a--
(in room) damboki
_
radio rajio
__
on the radio rajio de
__
rail: by rail tetsudo de
_
rail pass teikiken
_
railway tetsudo
_
rain (noun) ame
in the rain ame no naka de

,J
its raining ame ga fut
te
imasu
_|\_
rainy season tsuyu
g
raincoat reinkoto
_-_
rape (noun) fujoboko
j[_
rare (uncommon) mezurashi
__\
(steak) reya
rash (on skin) fukidemono

___,
raspberry razuberi
_|-
rat nezumi
_
rate (for changing money)
ryogae-reto
_-_
rather: its rather good
nakanaka i desu
__\\
Id rather ... ho ga i desu
__\\
raw nama (no)
_[,
raw fish sashimi
__
razor kamisori
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__[
(electric) denki-kamisori
___[
read yomimasu
__
ready yoi ga dekita
j____
are you ready? mo i desu
ka?
_\\_
Im not ready yet mada yoi
ga dekite imasen
_j___\
__
dialogue
when will it be ready? itsu
dekimasu ka?
it should be ready in a couple
of days ni-san-nichi-chu ni
dekimasu
real hom
mono (no)
q_[,
really honto ni
___[,
Im really sorry honto ni
sumimasen
______
thats really great sore wa
honto ni sugoi desu
______
_\
really? (doubt) honto?
___
(polite interest) honto desu ka?
____
rear lights teru-rampu
-)_
reasonable (prices etc) tegoro
(na)
q_[
receipt reshito
-_
recently saikin
__
reception (in hotel) furonto
+_
(for guests) kan
geikai
__
at reception uketsuke de
_
reception desk uketsuke
_
receptionist uketsuke-gakari
__
(in hotel) furonto-gakari
+__
recognize ki ga tsukimasu
___
recommend: could you
recommend ...? osusume no
o oshiete kuremasen ka?
_,__
_____
record (music) rekodo
red akai
j\
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red wine aka-wain
j_
refund (noun) harai-modoshi
_\_
can I have a refund? okane o
haraimodoshite kure-masen
ka?
___\_
____
region chiho
_
registered: by registered mail
kakitome-yubin de
__Q
registration number
torokuban
go
____
religion shukyo
_
remember: I dont remember
oboete imasen
__\__
I remember oboete imasu
__\_
do you remember? oboete
imasu ka?
__\__
rent (noun: for apartment) yachin
__
(verb: car etc) karimasu
j[_
to rent rentaru (no)
)
rental (for car, boat etc) ryokin
|_
rented car renta-ka
-
repair (verb) shuri shimasu
__
can you repair it? shuri
dekimasu ka?
___
repeat kurikaeshimasu
[___
could you repeat that? mo
ichido it
te kuremasen ka?
____
___
representative (noun: of
company) daihyo
{
reservation yoyaku
_
Id like to make a reservation
yoyaku o shitai no desu ga
____\,
_
dialogue
I have a reservation
yoyaku o shite arimasu
yes sir, what name please?
kashikomarimashita,
dochira-sama desu ka?
reserve (verb) yoyaku
shimasu
___
dialogue
can I reserve a table for
tonight? teburu o
komban yoyaku
dekimasu ka?
yes madam, for how many
people? hai,
uketamawarimasu,
nam
mei-sama desu ka?

for two futari desu
and for what time? ojikan
wa?
for eight oclock hachiji ni
onegai shimasu
and could I have your
name please? onamae o
itadakemasu ka?
rest: I need a rest hitoyasumi
sasete kudasai
__
__\
the rest of the group hoka
no hitotachi
__,__
restaurant restoran
__
restaurant car shokudosha
__
rest room toire
__
retired: Im retired watashi
wa teinen-taishoku
shimashita
_____
___
return: a return to ... made
no ofuku-kip
pu o
ichi-mai
_,_|
_j
return ticket ofuku-kip
pu
_|
reverse charge call
korekuto-koru
_-)
reverse gear bak
ku-giya
revolting fuyukai (na)

__\[
rib abarabone
___
rice (uncooked) kome
__
(boiled) gohan
___
(fried) chahan
\-
rich (person) kanemochi (no)
_][,
(food) kot
teri shita
_[__
ridiculous bakageta
__,_
right (correct) tadashi
__\
(not left) migi (no)
[,
you were right anata no iu
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i
tori deshita
_,__[
__
thats right so desu
_
this cant be right kon
na
hazu wa nai desu
____\
right here chodo koko de

___
is this the right road for ...?
e iku niwa kono michi
de i desu ka?
____,_
\\_
on the right migi ni
_
to the right migi e
turn right migi e magat
te
kudasai
__
_\
right-hand drive migi-
handoru (no)
_)
ring (on finger) yubiwa
_
Ill ring you atode denwa
shimasu
_____
ring back orikaeshi denwa
shimasu
[______
ripe (fruit) jukushita
__
rip-off: its a rip-off! hogai na
nedan desu!
_;_[
rip-off prices hogai na
nedan
_;_[
risky kiken (na)
__
river kawa
|
road michi
_
is this the road for ...? kore
wa e iku michi desu ka?
____
_
down the road konosaki
_,__
road map dorochizu
___
roadsign doro-hyoshiki
_[g
rob: Ive been robbed goto ni
osowaremashita
____
___
rock iwa
_
(music) rok
ku
+
on the rocks (whisky)
on-za-rok
ku de
_|+
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i
roll (bread) rorupan
+-)
roof (of house) yane
__
(of car) rufu
)-
room heya
__
in my room watashi no heya
de
_,__
room service rumu-sabisu
)-)-_
rope ropu
+-
ros (wine) roze
+
roughly (approximately) daitai
\_\
round: its my round watashi
no ban desu
_,_
round-trip ticket
ofuku-kip
pu
_|
a round-trip ticket to ...
made no ofuku-kip
pu
o ichi-mai
_,_|
_j
route ikikata
_
whats the best route? dore
ga ichiban i ikikata desu
ka?
__\__\\
__
rubber (material) gomu
(eraser) keshigomu
_
rubber band wagomu
g
rubbish (waste) gomi
_
(poor quality goods) garakuta
___
rubbish! (nonsense)
bakabakashi!
_____\
rucksack ryuk
ku-sak
ku
|)
rude shitsurei (na)
_[
ruins iseki
_
rum ramu-shu
_
rum and Coke ramu-shu
no kora-wari
_,-_[
run (verb: person) hashirimasu
_[_
Ive run out of money okane
ga soko o tsukimashita
_____
___
rush hour ras
shu-awa
_-
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a
S
sad kanashi
__\
saddle (for bike) sadoru
)_)
safe (adj) anzen (na)
[_[
safety pin anzen-pin
[__
sailboard (noun) safubodo
)--_
sailboarding uindosafingu
_)-
sailing seringu
-|
sake bottle tok
kuri
__[
sake cup sakazuki
___
salad sarada
)_
salad dressing dores
shingu
_
sale: for sale uridashi-chu
_[__J
salesman serusuman
-)
salmon sake
_
salt shio
_
same: the same onaji
[_
the same as this kore to
onaji no
__[_,
the same again, please onaji
no o mo hitotsu kudasai
[_,___
__\
its all the same to me
dot
chi demo onaji desu

__[_
sand suna
sandals sandaru
))
(wooden) geta
,_
sandwich sandoit
chi
)__
sanitary napkins/towels
seiri-yo napukin
_j_
sash obi
q
Saturday Doyobi
_Q[
sauce sosu
-
saucepan katatenabe
)q
saucer ukezara
sauna sauna
)
sausage soseji
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--
say (verb) imasu
_\_
how do you say ... in
Japanese? Nihon-go de
o nan te imasu ka?
[q__j
_\__
what did he say? kare wa
nan te imashita ka?
__j_\___
_
she said ... kanojo wa to
imashita
_[___\
___
could you say that again?
mo ichido it
te kuremasen
ka?
_\__
____
scarf sukafu
-
scenery keshiki
__
schedule yotei
__
(US: timetable) jikokuhyo
scheduled flight teikibin

_Q
school gak
ko
_j
scissors: a pair of scissors
hasami
__
scooter sukuta
--
scotch Sukot
chi-uisuki
_-
Scotch tape serotepu
+-
Scotland Sukot
torando
___
Scottish (adj) Sukot
torando
(no)
___
[,
Im Scottish watashi wa
Sukot
torando-jin desu
_____
[
scrambled eggs iri-tamago
\[___
screen (Japanese) byobu
_
scroll (hanging) kakejiku
___
(rolled) makimono
___,
sea umi
by the sea umibe de

_
seafood shifudo
--_
seafront kaigan-zoi
|\
on the seafront kaigan-zoi ni
|\_
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seal: personal seal hanko
___
search (verb) sagashimasu
____
seasick: I feel seasick fune ni
yoimashita
__\___
I get seasick funayoi suru
tachi desu
_\__
seaside: by the seaside
kaigan de
|
seat seki
is this seat taken? kono seki

wa fusagat
te imasu ka?
_,____
\__
seat belt shito-beruto
-_)_
seaweed kaiso
q
secluded hempi (na)
_[
second (adj) ni-bam
me (no)
__[,
(of time) byo
]
just a second! chot
to
mat
te kudasai!
_j_
_\
second class (train etc)
futsuseki
__
second-hand chuko (no)
J_[,
second floor san-kai
_
(US) ni-kai
_
secretary hisho
g_
see mimasu
__
can I see? mite mo i desu
ka?
__\\_
have you seen ...? o
mimashita ka?
______
I saw him this morning kesa
kare ni aimashita
____\___
see you! ja, mata!
____
I see (I understand)
naruhodo
___
self-service serufu-sabisu
))-_
sell urimasu
_[_
do you sell ...? wa
arimasu ka?
_[__
Sellotape serotepu
+-
send okurimasu
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_[_
I want to send this to England
kore o Igirisu ni okuritai
no desu ga
___|_
_[_\,_
separate betsubetsu (no)
[,
separated: Im separated
watashi wa bek
kyo-chu
desu
__jJ
separately (pay, travel)
betsubetsu ni
_
September Kugatsu
_]
serious (problem) judai (na)
_[
(illness) omoi
_\
(person) majime (na)
___[
service charge (in restaurant)
sabisu-ryo
)-_|
service station
gasorin-sutando
|_
serviette napukin
_
set menu teishoku
__
several ikutsuka (no)
\__[,
sew nuimasu
_\_
could you sew this back on?
kore o nuitsukete
kuremasen ka?
___\
____
sex sek
kusu
sexy sekushi (na)

-[
shade: in the shade hikage
ni
_,_
shallow (water) asai
_\
shame: what a shame! (its a
pity) zan
nen!
__
shampoo (noun) shampu
\-
shampoo and set shampu to
set
to
\-__
share (verb: room) aibeya ni
narimasu
____[_
(table) aiseki shimasu
___
sharp (knife) yoku kireru
__|_
(pain) surudoi
__\
shaver denki-kamisori
___[
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shaving foam shebingu-fomu
-_-
shaving point
denki-kamisori-yo
konsento
___[j
_
she* kanojo
_[
is she here? kanojo wa
imasu ka?
_[_\__
sheet (for bed) shitsu
-
shelf tana
_
shellfish kai
sherry sheri
|-
Shinto (adj) Shinto (no)
_[,
Shintoism Shinto
_
ship fune
_
by ship fune de
_
shirt shatsu
\
shit! kuso!
__
shock (noun) shok
ku
I got an electric shock from

the ... de kanden
shimashita
______
shocking hidoi
_\
shoe kutsu
_
a pair of shoes kutsu is
soku
__
shoelaces kutsu
himo
__
shoe polish kutsuzumi
_
shoe repairer kutsunaoshi
__
shop mise
_
shopping: Im going shopping
kaimono ni ikimasu
__\__
shopping centre
shop
pingu-senta
_
-
shop window shouindo
-_-
shore (of sea) umibe
_
(of lake) kishibe
|_
short (person) se no hikui
,_\
(time, journey) mijikai
__\
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shortcut chikamichi
__
shorts pantsu
should: what should I do? do

shitara i desho?
___\\
_
you should ... -ta ho ga i
desu
___\\
you shouldnt ... -nai ho

ga i desu
\__\\
he should be back soon kare

wa sugu modot
te kuru
hazu desu
___
___
shoulder kata
__
shout (verb) sakebimasu
__
show (in theatre) sho
-
could you show me? misete
kuremasen ka?
____
_
(direction) oshiete kuremasen
ka?
_____
_
shower (in bathroom) shawa
\-
(of rain) niwaka-ame
___
with shower shawa-tsuki
(no)
\-_[,
shower gel bodi-sopu
--
shrine jinja
_
shut (verb) shimemasu
[__
when do you shut? koko wa
nanji ni shimarimasu ka?
___j_[
_[__
when does it shut? itsu
shimarimasu ka?
\[_[__
theyre shut shimat
te imasu
[_\_
Ive shut myself out kagi o
naka ni wasuremashita
__J__
___
shut up! damare!
_
shutter (on camera) shat
ta
\-
(on window) amado
__
sick (ill) byoki (no)
[,
Im going to be sick (vomit)
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hakiso desu
___
side yoko
__
the other side of the street
tori no mukogawa
_[,_Q
side street wakimichi
___
sidewalk hodo
_
on the sidewalk hodo de
_
sight: the sights of ... no
meisho
,
sightseeing: were going
sightseeing kanko ni
dekakeru tsumori desu
_____
[
sightseeing tour kankoryoko
__
sign kamban
[[
(roadsign) hyoshiki
[g
signature shomei
_
silk kinu
__
silly baka (na)
__[
silver (noun) gin
_
similar onaji yo (na)
[__
simple (easy) kantan (na)
____[
since: since last week senshu
kara
__
since I got here koko ni kite
irai
___
sing utaimasu
g\_
Singapore Shin
gaporu
-)
singer kashu
gq
single: a single to ... made
katamichi-kip
pu o
ichi-mai
_)_|_
j
Im single watashi wa
dokushin desu
___[
single bed shin
guru-bed
do
)_
single room shin
guru
)
single ticket
katamichi-kip
pu
)_|
sink (in kitchen) nagashi
__
sister (elder: ones own) ane
g
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(someone elses) one-san
g__
(younger: ones own) imoto
Q
(someone elses) imoto-san
Q__
sister-in-law (elder: ones own)
giri no ane
],g
one-san
],g__
(younger: ones own) giri no
imoto
],Q
imoto-san
],Q__
sit: can I sit here? koko ni
suwat
te mo i desu ka?
_____\\
_
is anyone sitting here? koko
ni wa dare ka suwat
te
imasu ka?
______
\__
sit down suwarimasu
_[_
sit down osuwari kudasai
_[__\
size saizu
)_
skin hifu
_
skinny yaseta
__
skirt sukato
-_
sky sora
_
skyscraper kosobiru
_)
sleep (verb) nemurimasu
_[_
did you sleep well? yoku
nemuremashita ka?
_______
sleeper (on train)
shindaisha
_
sleeping bag nebukuro
_
sleeping car shindaisha
_
sleeping pill suimin
yaku
g__
sleeve sode
_
slide (photographic) suraido
___
slippers surip
pa
|
slippery suberiyasui
[_\
slow osoi
_\
slow down! mot
to
yuk
kuri!
___[
slowly yuk
kuri
_[
very slowly unto yuk
kuri
___[
small chisai
\_\
smell: it smells (smells bad)
nioimasu ne
_\__
smile (verb) hohoemimasu
____
smoke (noun) kemuri
_[
do you mind if I smoke?
tabako o sut
te mo i desu
ka?
______
\\_
I dont smoke tabako wa
suimasen
_____\__
do you smoke? tabako o
suimasu ka?
_____\_
_
snack: just a snack chot
to
oyatsu
__
sneeze (noun) kushami o
shimasu
_____
snow yuki
_
its snowing yuki ga fut
te
imasu
__|\_
so: its so good totemo i desu
__\\
its so expensive totemo
takai desu
__\
not so much son
na ni
takusan ja naku
_______
__
not so bad son
na ni
waruku nai
_____\
so am I watashi mo so desu
___
so do I watashi mo so desu
___
so-so mama desu
__
soaking solution (for contact
lenses) hozon
eki
{
soap sek
ken
_
soap powder kona-sek
ken
|_
sober shirafu (no)
__[,
sock sok
kusu
socket (electrical) soket
to
_
soda (water) soda-sui

sofa sofa
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soft (material etc) yawarakai

___\
soft-boiled egg
hanjuku-tamago
___
soft drink sofuto-dorinku
__|
soft lenses sofuto-kontakuto
__
sole (of shoe) kutsu no soko
_,_
(of foot) ashi no ura
_,_
could you put new soles on
these? kutsu no soko o
harikaete kuremasen ka?
_,___[__
____
some: can I have some
water/apples? mizu/rin
go
o sukoshi moraemasu ka?
[_____
____
can I have some? sukoshi
morat
te mo i desu ka?
___
_\\_
somebody, someone dare ka
_
something nani ka
j_
something to eat nani ka
taberu mono
j____,
sometimes tokidoki
____
somewhere doko ka
___
son (ones own) musuko
__
(someone elses) musuko-san
____
song uta
g
son-in-law (ones own) giri no
musuko
],__
musuko-san
],____
soon sugu
_
Ill be back soon sugu
modot
te kimasu
___
as soon as possible
narubeku hayaku
_____
sore: its sore itai desu
\
sore throat nodo no itami
,_,
Ive got a sore throat nodo
ga itai desu
,__\
sorry: (Im) sorry domo
sumimasen
____
sorry? (didnt understand) nante
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o
imashita ka?
j_\____
sort: what sort of ...? dono
yona ?
_,_
soup supu
-
sour (taste) sup
pai
_\
south minami
in the south minami ni

_
South Africa
Minami-Afurika
|
South African (adj)
Minami-Afurika (no)
|[,
Im South African watashi wa
Minami-Afurika-jin desu
__|[
southeast nanto
j
South Korea Kankoku
p
southwest nansei
souvenir omiyage
_,
soya milk tonyu
__
Spain Supein
_
Spanish (adj) Supein (no)
_[,
spare tyre yobi no taiya
__,__
speak: do you speak English?
j_____
I dont speak ... wa
hanasemasen
____
dialogue
can I speak to Yoko?
Yoko-san wa
iras
shaimasu ka?
whos calling?
dochira-sama desu ka?
its Patricia Patricia desu
Im sorry, Yokos not in,
can I take a message?
moshiwake arimasen ga,
Yoko wa ima rusu ni
shite orimasu, nani ka
den
gon wa arimasu ka?

no thanks, Ill call back
later ie, kek
ko desu,
atode kakenaoshimasu
please tell her Patricia
called kanojo ni Patricia
kara denwa ga at
ta to
otsutae kudasai
spectacles megane
___
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speed limit sokudoseigen
__g
spend okane o tsukaimasu
___\_
spider kumo
spin-dryer das
suiki
g
spoon spun
-
sport spotsu
-
sprain: Ive sprained my ...
o kujiite shimaimashita
___\__\
___
spring (season) haru
(of car, seat) spuringu

|
in the spring haru ni
_
square (in town) hiroba
_
stairs kaidan
[
stale furui
__\
stamp (noun) kit
te
|q
dialogue
a stamp for England,
please Igirisu made no
kit
te o kudasai
what are you sending?
nani o yuso saremasu ka?
this postcard kono hagaki
desu
standby kyanseru-machi
_\)j
star hoshi
__
(in film) suta
-
start (noun) sutato
-_
(verb) hajimemasu
q__
when does it start? itsu
hajimarimasu ka?
\q_[__
the car wont start kuruma
no enjin ga kakarimasen
,a___
[__
starter (of car) shidoki
qg
(food) zensai
j_
station eki
j
statue zo
Q
stay: where are you staying?
doko ni tomat
te imasu ka?
_____\
__
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Im staying at ... ni
tomat
te imasu
___\_
Id like to stay another two
nights mo ni-haku shitai to
omoimasu
_____\_
_\_
steak steki
-_
steal nusumimasu
_
my bag has been stolen
bag
gu o nusumaremashita
__
___
steep (hill) kewashi
__\
step: on the steps kaidan de
[
sterling Igirisu-pondo
_|_
steward (on plane) schuwado
-_
stewardess schuwadesu
-
still: Im still here mada koko
ni imasu
____\_
(on the phone) hai,
moshi-moshi
_\_____
is he still there? kare wa
mada soko ni imasu ka?
______\_
_
keep still! ugokanaide
kudasai!
__\_
_\
sting: Ive been stung hachi
ni sasaremashita
______
stockings stok
kingu
__
stomach onaka
_
stomach ache fukutsu
_
stone (rock) ishi
stop (verb) tomarimasu

__[_
please, stop here (to taxi driver
etc) koko de tomete kudasai
_____
_\
do you stop near ...? no
chikaku de tomarimasu ka?
,____[
__
stop it! yamete kudasai!
__
stopover keiyu
storm arashi
_
straight (whisky) storeto
_-_
its straight ahead mas
sugu
it
ta tokoro desu
_____
straightaway sugu ni
__
strange (odd) hen (na)
_[
stranger shiranai hito
_\_
Im a stranger here koko wa
hajimete desu
___|_
strap (on watch) bando
_
(on dress, suitcase) storap
pu
__
strawberry ichigo
\_
straw mat tatami
__
stream kawa
|
street tori
_[
on the street tori de
_[
streetmap dorochizu
___
string himo
_
strong tsuyoi
_\
stuck tsukaeta
___
its stuck tsukaete
shimaimashita
____\
___
student gakusei
__
stupid baka (na)
__[
suburb kogai
;
subway (US: railway)
chikatetsu
_
suddenly totsuzen ni
j__
suede suedo
a-_
sugar sato
__
suit (noun) sutsu
-
it doesnt suit me (jacket etc)
watashi niwa niaimasen
_____\__
it suits you yoku niaimasu
____\_
suitcase sutsukesu
--
summer natsu
_
in the summer natsu ni
__
sumo wrestling sumo
_
sun taiyo
__
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in the sun hinata de
_
out of the sun hikage de
_,
sunbathe nik
koyoku
[__
sunblock (cream)
hiyake-dome
___
sunburn hiyake
_
sunburnt hiyake shita
___
Sunday Nichiyobi
[Q[
sunglasses san
gurasu
)_
sunny: its sunny harete imasu
q\_
sunset nichibotsu
[_
sunshade hiyoke
_
sunshine nik
ko
[_
sunstroke nis
shabyo
[g
suntan hiyake
_
suntan lotion santan-roshon
)+-
suntanned hi ni yaketa
[___
suntan oil san-oiru
)__)
super sugoi
_\
supermarket supa
--
supper yushoku
_
supplement (extra charge)
tsuikaryokin
_|_
supply (noun) takuwae
____
(verb) chotatsu shimasu
j___
sure: are you sure? tashika
desu ka?
____
sure! mochiron!
__
surface mail sarubin
))Q
surname myoji
q
sweater seta
--
sweatshirt torena
_--
Sweden Sueden
-
Swedish (adj) Sueden (no)
-[,
sweet (adj: taste) amai
_\
sweets kyandi
_\-
swelling hare
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u
_
swim (verb) oyogimasu
__
Im going for a swim oyogi ni
ikimasu
__\__
lets go for a swim oyogi ni
ikimasho
__\___
swimming costume mizugi
swimming pool puru

-)
swimming trunks mizugi
switch (noun) suit
chi
_
switch off (engine)
tomemasu
___
(TV, lights) keshimasu
__
switch on (engine) kakemasu
__
(TV, lights) tsukemasu
_
swollen hareta
__
T
table teburu
-)
a table for two futari-bun no
seki
_[,
tablecloth teburu-
kurosu
-)+
table tennis tak
kyu
Q
table wine teburu-wain
-)_
tailor shinshifuku-ten
y___
Taiwan Taiwan
_
take (verb: lead a person) tsurete
ikimasu
_\__
(object) mot
te ikimasu
]\__
(accept) torimasu
[_
can you take me to the ...?
made tsurete it
te
kuremasen ka?
__\
____
do you take credit cards?
kurejit
to-kado wa
tsukaemasu ka?
_-__
____
fine, Ill take it ja, sore ni
shimasu
______
can I take this? (leaflet etc)
kore o morat
te mo i
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a
desu ka?
___
_\\_
how long does it take? jikan
wa dono kurai kakarimasu
ka?
g__,_\_
_[__
it takes three hours san-jikan
kakarimasu
_g__[_
is this seat taken? kono seki
wa fusagat
te imasu ka?
_,____
\__
hamburger to take away
hambaga o teiku
auto de
--__
_
can you take a little off here?
(to hairdresser) koko o mo
sukoshi kit
te kuremasen ka?
______|
____
talcum powder
tarukam-pauda
)-
talk (verb) hanashimasu
___
tall (person) se ga takai
_\
(building) takai
\
tampons tampon
tan (noun) hiyake

_
to get a tan hiyake shimasu
___
tap jaguchi
_|
tape (cassette) tepu
-
taste (noun) aji
q
can I taste it? ajimi shite mo
i desu ka?
q___\\
_
taxi takushi
-
will you get me a taxi?
takushi o yonde kuremasen
ka?
-____
___
where can I find a taxi? doko
de takushi o
tsukamaeraremasu ka?
__-_
_____
dialogue
to the airport/to the ...
Hotel, please kuko/
hoteru made, onegai
shimasu
how much will it be? ikura
kurai kakarimasu ka?
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a
about 2,500 yen daitai ni-
sen-go-hyaku-en desu
thats fine right here,
thanks sumimasen, koko
de oroshite kudasai
taxi-driver takushi no
untenshu
-,_gq
taxi rank takushi-noriba
-[
tea (drink) kocha
green tea ocha
tea for one/two please kocha

o hitotsu/futatsu kudasai
____
__\
teabags tibag
gu
-
teach: could you teach me?
oshiete kuremasen ka?
_____
teacher sensei
_
teahouse kis
sa-ten
_
team chimu
-
teaspoon tisupun
--
tea towel fukin
___
teenager tin
eija
-a_\-
telephone denwa
see phone
television terebi
_
tell: could you tell him ...? kare
ni to tsutaete kuremasen
ka?
______
___
temperature (weather) kion
_
(fever) netsu
_
temple (Buddhist) otera
tent tento
_
term (at university, school) gak
ki
_
terminus (rail) shuten
_
terrible hidoi
_\
text (message) ketai meru
q-)
terrific subarashi
__\
than yorimo
_[_
smaller than ... yorimo
chisai
_[_\_\
thank: thank you, thanks
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arigato
[__
thank you very much honto
ni arigato gozaimasu
____[__
__\_
thanks for the lift nosete
kurete arigato
_[
__
no thanks ie kek
ko desu
\\___
dialogue
thanks arigato
thats OK, dont mention it
ie, do itashimashite
that (nearby) sore
_
(further away) are
(adj: nearby) sono

_,
(further away) ano
,
that one (nearby) sore
_
(further away) are
I hope that ... -tara i desu

ne
_\\_
thats nice suteki desu
_
is that ...? sore wa desu
ka?
___
thats it (thats right) sono tori
desu
_,_[
the* sono
_,
theatre gekijo
their(s)* (male) karera no

_,
(female) kanojotachi no
_[_,
them* (things) sore
(male) karera (o)

_[_
(female) kanojotachi (o)
_[_[_
for them karera/kanojotachi
no tame ni
__[_,
___
with them karera/
kanojotachi to is
sho ni
__[_
__
to them karera/kanojotachi
ni
__[__
who? them dare desu ka?
karera/kanojotachi desu
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h
_
__[_
then (at that time) sono toki
_,
(after that) sore kara
__
there soko de
__
over there muko ni
___
up there asoko ni
___
is there ...? ga arimasu
ka?
_[__
are there ...? ga arimasu
ka?
_[__
there is ... ga arimasu
_[_
there are ... ga arimasu
_[_
there you are (giving
something) hai, dozo
_\___
Thermos flask mahobin
@__
these* korera
_
(adj) kono
_,
Id like these kore ga ki ni
irimashita
___[__
_
they* (things) sorera
_
(male) karera
_
(female) kanojotachi
_[_
thick atsui
|\
(stupid) nibui
__\
thief dorobo
__
thigh momo
__
thin (person) yaseta
__
(object) usui
\
thing mono
_,
my things watashi no
shibutsu
_,__
think kan
gaemasu
[__
I think so watashi wa so
omoimasu
____\_
I dont think so
watashi wa so wa
omoimasen
_____\
__
Ill think about it sore ni
tsuite wa kan
gaete
okimasu
__\_[_
__
third party insurance
daisansha-hoken
___
thirsty: Im thirsty nodo ga
kawakimashita
,________
this kore
_
(adj) kono
_,
this one kore
_
this is my wife watashi no
tsuma desu
_,_
is this ...? kore wa desu
ka?
___
those arera
(adj) ano
,
which ones? those dore
desu ka? are desu
__
thread (noun) ito

\_
throat nodo
,_
throat pastilles torochi
_+-
through tot
te
_
does it go through ...? (train,
bus) o torimasu ka?
__[__
throw (verb) nagemasu
_,_
throw away sutemasu
]_
thumb oya-yubi
_
thunderstorm rai-u
_
Thursday Moku
yobi
ticket ken
(for transport) kip
pu
|
dialogue
a return to Sendai Sendai
made ofuku-kip
p o
ichi-mai
coming back when? kaeri
wa itsu desu ka?
today/next Tuesday
kyo/tsugi no Kayobi
desu
that will be 13,000 yen
ichi-man-san-zen-en ni
narimasu
ticket office kip
pu-uriba
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h
|_[
tie (necktie) nekutai
__
tight (clothes etc) kitsui
_\
its too tight kitsu
sugimasu
__
tights panti-sutok
kingu
-__
time* jikan
g
whats the time? ima nanji
desu ka?
\_j_
this time konkai
_[
last time zenkai
j[
next time kondo
__
three times san-kai
_[
timetable jikokuhyo
tin (can) kan
tin-opener kankiri
|[
tiny totemo chisai
__\_\
tip (to waiter etc) chip
pu
tired tsukareta
__
Im tired tsukaremashita
____
tissues tis
shu
to: to Tokyo/London Tokyo/

Rondon e
j_+_
to Japan/Britain nip
pon/
Igirisu e
[q_|
to the post office yubin-
kyoku e
Q
toast (bread) tosuto
_-_
today kyo
_
toe tsumasaki
___
together is
sho ni
_
were together (in shop etc)
is
sho desu
toilet toire
__
where is the toilet? toire wa
doko desu ka?
_____
_
I have to go to the toilet
toire ni ikitai no
desu ga
___\__\,
_
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o
toilet paper toiret
to-pepa
___--
Tokyo Bay Tokyo-wan
j_
tomato tomato
__
tomato ketchup kechap
pu
\
tomorrow ashita
__
tomorrow morning ashita no
asa
__,g
the day after tomorrow
asat
te
_
tongue shita
_
tonic (water) tonik
ku-uota
_.--
tonight komban
_
too (excessively) sugimasu
_
(also) mo
_
too hot atsu-sugimasu
_
too much osugimasu
__
me too watashi mo
__
tooth ha
Q
toothache haita
Q
toothbrush haburashi
Q_
toothpaste hamigakiko
Q__|
top: on top of ... no ue ni
,__
at the top tep
pen ni
__
top floor saijokai
__
topless top
puresu
_
torch kaichudento
gJ_j
total gokei
_
tour (noun) tsua
-
is there a tour of ...? no
tsua ga arimasu ka?
,-_[
__
tour guide gaido
__
tourist ryokokyaku
__
tourist information office
kanko-an
naijo
_j
towards ... no ho e
,_
towel taoru
_)
town machi
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r
@
in town machi de
@_
just out of town
machihazure
@__
town centre hankagai
j|
toy omocha
_
track (platform)
purat
to-homu
__-
which track is it for Nara?
Nara-iki wa dono
purat
to-homu desu ka?

_____,
__-_
tracksuit suet
t(o)-sutsu
a_-
trade fair mihon
ichi
_q
traditional dento-teki (na)
_g[
traffic kotsu
_
traffic jam jutai
traffic lights shin
go
__
train densha
_
by train densha de
_
dialogue
is this the train for Otaru?
kore wa Otaru-iki no
densha desu ka?
I am not sure sa, chot
to
wakarimasen
no, you want that platform
there ie, muko no
purat
to-homu desu
trainers (shoes) sunika
.--
train station eki
j
tram romendensha
__
translate hon
yaku shimasu
g__
could you translate that?
sore o yaku shite
kuremasen ka?
____
___
translation hon
yaku
g
translator hon
yakusha
g
trash (waste) gomi
_
trashcan gomibako
_
travel ryoko shimasu
___
were travelling around
achikochi ryoko shite
imasu
___
\_
travel agents ryokogaisha
___
travellers cheque
traberazu-chek
ku
___-
do you take travellers

cheques? traberazu-chek
ku
wa tsukaemasu ka?
___-
_____
tray obon
__
tree ki
tremendous sugoi
_\
trendy oshare (na)
_[
trim: just a trim, please (to
hairdresser) kesaki o soroeru
teido ni onegai shimasu
_____]_
_Q\__
trip (excursion) kankoryoko
__
Id like to go on a trip to ...
o ryoko shite mitai desu
____\
trolley (for luggage) nimotsu-yo

kato
{_j-_
trouble (noun) yak
kaigoto
__\__
Im having trouble with ...
de komat
te imasu
\_
trousers zubon
true honto (no)

___[,
thats not true sore wa
honto ja arimasen
______
[__
trunk (US: of car) toranku
__
trunks (swimming) mizugi
try (verb) tameshimasu

___
can I try it? (food) ajimi shite
mo i desu ka?
q___\\
_
(at doing something) yat
te mite
mo i desu ka?
__\\
_
try on shichaku shimasu
___
can I try it on? shichaku
shite mo i desu ka?
___\\
_
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r
T-shirt ti-shatsu
\
Tuesday Kayobi
_Q[
tuna maguro
__
tunnel ton
neru
__)
turn: turn left/right
hidari/migi e magat
te
kudasai
__
__\
turn off: where do I turn off?
doko de magarimasu ka?
___[_
_
can you turn the heating off?
dambo o kit
te kuremasen
ka?
_|_
___
turn on: can you turn the
heating on? dambo o
tsukete kuremasen ka?
__
___
turning (in road) magarikado
[]
TV terebi
_
tweezers kenuki
__
twice ni-kai
_[
twice as much ni-bai
__
twin beds tsuin-bed
do
__
twin room tsuin
_
twist: Ive twisted my ankle
ashikubi o kujiite
shimaimashita
_____\_
_\___
type (noun) shurui
_Q
another type of ... betsu no
shurui no
j,_Q,
typhoon taifu
_
typical (dish etc) daihyo-teki
(na)
{g[
tyre taiya
__
U
ugly minikui
__\
UK Igirisu
_|
ulcer kaiyo
_\_
umbrella kasa
__
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m
uncle (ones own) oji
_
(someone elses) oji-san
___
unconscious muishiki (no)
j_g[,
under (in position) no shita
ni
,___
(less than) ika
underdone (meat) namayake

(no)
__[,
underground (railway)
chikatetsu
_
underpants pantsu
understand: I understand
wakarimasu
__[_
I dont understand
wakarimasen
__[__
do you understand?
wakarimasu ka?
__[__
unemployed shitsugyo-chu
_J
unfashionable ryuko-okure
(no)
__[,
United States Gas
shukoku
_qp
university daigaku
__
unleaded petrol
muen-gasorin
j|
unlimited mileage
sokokyori-museigen
__jg
unlock kagi o akemasu
___
unpack nihodoki shimasu
{_____
until: until 6 oclock rokuji
made
(_
until Saturday Doyobi made
_Q[_
unusual mezurashi
__\
up ue ni
__
up there asoko ni
___
hes not up yet (not out of bed)
kare wa mada nete imasu
___\_
whats up? (whats wrong?) do
ka shimashita ka?
_______
upmarket kokyu (na)
[
upset stomach i no choshi
ga yoku nai
,j____\
I have an upset stomach i no
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n
choshi ga yoku arimasen
,j____[
__
upside down sakasama
____
upstairs ue
_
up-to-date saishin (no)
_[[,
urgent kinkyu (na)
_[
us* watashitachi (o)
__[_
with us watashitachi to
___
for us watashitachi no tame
ni
__,___
USA Amerika Gas
shukoku
|_qp
use (verb) tsukaimasu
_\_
may I use ...? o tsukat
te
mo i desu ka?
___\\
_
useful yaku ni tatsu
___
usual futsu (no)
_[,
the usual (drink etc) itsumono
\_,
V
vacancy: do you have any
vacancies? (hotel) akibeya ga
arimas(u) ka?
_____[_
_
vacation yasumi
on vacation yasumi de
vaccination yobochusha
__g
vacuum cleaner sojiki
__g
valid (ticket etc) yuko (na)
[_[
how long is it valid for?
yukokikan wa dono kurai
des(u) ka?
[_g__,
_\_
valley tani
__
valuable (adj) kicho (na)
[
can I leave my valuables
here? kicho-hin o
koko ni azukeraremasu
ka?
_____
___
value (noun) kachi
Q_
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a
van ban
vanilla banira
._
a vanilla ice cream
banira-aisukurimu
.__|-
vary: it varies bai ni

yorimasu
___[_
vase kabin
__
veal koushi no niku
@,|
vegetables yasai
]_
vegetarian (noun)
saishoku-shugisha
___]
vending machine jido-ham-
baiki
_Q_g
very totemo
__
very little for me hon
no
sukoshi dake
__,__
I like it very much totemo
suki desu
___
via keiyu de
_
video (noun: film) bideo-tepu
__-
(recorder) bideo-kamera
___
view nagame
__
village mura
|
vinegar su
g
visa biza
_|
visit (verb) tazunemasu
__
Id like to visit ... o
tazunetai desu
___\
vital: its vital that ... wa
totemo taisetsu desu
____\
vodka uok
ka
voice koe
__
volcano kazan
__
voltage den
atsu
__
vomit hakimasu
___
W
waist uesto
_
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a
waistcoat besto
_
wait machimasu
j_
wait for me mat
te kudasai
j__\
dont wait for me matanaide
kudasai
j_\__\
can I wait until my wife gets
here? tsuma ga kuru made
mat
te mo i desu ka?
____j
_\\_
can you do it while I wait?
mat
te iru aida ni yat
te
kuremasen ka?
j\_\
_____
_
could you wait here for me?
koko de chot
to mat
te ite
kuremasen ka?
___j
\___
_
waiter ueta
_-
waiter! chot
to sumimasen!
__
_
waitress uetoresu
-_
waitress! chot
to
sumimasen!
__
_
wake: can you wake me up at
5.30? goji-han ni okoshite
kuremasen ka?
_____
____
wake-up call moningu-koru
-.-)
Wales Ueruzu
-)
walk: is it a long walk?
arukuto toi desu ka?
___\_
its only a short walk aruite
sugu desu
\_
Ill walk aruite ikimasu
\\__
Im going for a walk sampo
ni dekakemasu
j___
wall kabe
_
wallet saifu
_\_
want: I want a ... ga hoshi
desu
__\
I dont want any ... wa
irimasen
_\[__
I want to go home uchi ni
kaeritai desu
_[_\
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a
I dont want to so shitaku nai
desu
____\
he wants to ... kare wa
-tai desu
___\
what do you want? nani ga
hoshi desu ka?
j__\_
ward (in hospital) byoto
Q
warm atatakai
___\
Im so warm atsui desu
\
was* deshita
__
wash (verb) araimasu
_\_
can you wash these? kore o
arat
te kuremasen ka?
____
___
washhand basin sem
mendai
___
washing (clothes)
sentakumono
____,
washing machine sentak
ki
___g
washing powder senzai
_
washing-up: to do the
washing-up shok
ki o
araimasu
____\_
washing-up liquid shok
ki-yo
senzai
__j_
wasp hachi
watch (wristwatch) udedokei

_
will you watch my things for
me? watashi no nimotsu o
mite ite kuremasen ka?
_,{___\
____
watch out! abunai!
_\
watch strap tokei no bando
,_
water mizu
may I have some water?

mizu o moraemasu ka?
_____
waterproof (adj) bosui (no)
[,
waterskiing suijo-suki
__-
way: its this way kot
chi no
ho desu
_,_
its that way at
chi no ho
desu
,_
is it a long way to ...?
made toi desu ka?
__\_
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e
no way! dame desu!
_
dialogue
could you tell me the way
to ...? ewa do ikeba i
desu ka?
go straight on until you
reach the traffic lights
shin
go ni ikiataru made
mas
sugu desu
turn left hidari e magat
te
kudasai
take the first on the right
saisho no magarikado o
migi ni magat
te kudasai
we* watashitachi
__
weak yowai
__\
(tea) usui
\
weather tenki
]
dialogue
whats the weather
forecast? tenkiyoho wa
do desu ka?
its going to be fine hareru
yo desu
its going to rain ame ni
naru yo desu
itll brighten up later ato
de hareru yo desu
wedding kek
kon-shiki
___
wedding ring
kek
kon-yubiwa
___g
Wednesday Suiyobi
Q[
week (one, two, three etc) shukan
_g
(this, last, next etc) shu
_
a week (from) today raishu
no kyo
_,_
a week (from) tomorrow
raishu no ashita
_,__
weekend shumatsu
__
at the weekend shumatsu ni
___
weight omosa
__
weird hen (na)
_[
weirdo henjin
[
welcome: welcome to ... e
yokoso
___
youre welcome (dont
mention it) do itashimashite
_\____
well: I dont feel well kibun ga
yoku arimasen
___[
__
shes not well kanojo wa
byoki desu
_[_
you speak English very well
Eigo ga totemo jozu desu
ne
j_____
_
well done! sugoi!
_\
this one as well kore mo
desu
__
well well! (surprise) oya oya!
__
dialogue
how are you? gokigen
ikaga desu ka?
very well, thanks, and you?
hai, okagesama desu ga,
sochira wa?
well-done (meat) uerudan
)
Welsh (adj) Ueruzu (no)
-)
Im Welsh watashi wa
Ueruzu-jin desu
__-)[
were* deshita
__
West: the West Obei
g_
west nishi
in the west nishi ni

_
Western Obei (no)
g_[,
Westerner Obei-jin
g_[
Western-style yofu (no)
[,
wet nureta
__
whale kujira
__
what? nan desu ka?
__
whats that? sore wa nan
desu ka?
__j_
whats happening? nani ga
arundesu ka?
j____
(whats on?) nani o yat
te
imasu ka?
j__\_
_
(whats wrong?) do shitandes
ka?
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_____
what should I do? do shitara
i desho ka?
___\\
__
what a view! i nagame desu
ne!
\\___
what bus do I take? dono
basu ni noreba i desu ka?
_,__
\\_
wheel sharin
g
wheelchair kuruma-isu
\
when? itsu?
\
when we get back kaet
te kara
_
whens the train/ferry?
res
sha/feri wa nanji desu

ka?
j|-_j
_
where? doko?
__
I dont know where it is doko
daka shirimasen
____[__
dialogue
where is the railway
station? eki wa doko
desu ka?
its over there muko desu
could you show me where
it is on the map? chizu de
doko daka oshiete
kuremasen ka?
its just here koko desu
see way
which: which bus? dono
basu?
_,
dialogue
which one? dore?
that one sore desu
this one? kore?
no, that one ie, sore desu
while: while Im here koko ni
iru aida ni
___\_\_
whisky uisuki
_-
white shiroi
_\
white wine shiro-wain
_
who? dare?
who is it? donata desu ka?

___
the man who ... hito
_
whole: the whole week maru
is
shukan
___g
the whole lot zembu
___
whose: whose is this? kore
wa dare no desu ka?
__,
_
why? doshite desu ka?
___
why not? doshite desu ka?
___
wide hiroi
\
wife (ones own) tsuma
_
(someone elses) oku-san
j__
my wife watashi no tsuma
_,_
will*: will you do it for me? so
shite kuremasen ka?
_____
_
wind (noun) kaze
window mado
__
near the window mado no
soba de
__,__
in the window (of shop)
shouindo ni
-_-_
window seat madogawa no
seki
_Q,
windscreen furonto-garasu
+__
windscreen wiper waipa
_-
windsurfing uindosafin
_)-
windy: its so windy kaze ga
tsuyoi desu
__\
wine wain
_
can we have some more
wine? wain o mo sukoshi
moraemasu ka?
_____
____
wine list wain no risuto
_,|_
winter fuyu
in the winter fuyu ni

_
wire waiya
__-
(electric) kodo
-_
with to is
sho ni
__
Im staying with ... no
tokoro ni tomat
te imasu
,_____
\_
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without nashi de
_
witness shonin
_[
will you be a witness for me?
watashi no shonin ni nat
te
kuremasen ka?
_,_[__
___
woman josei
[
wonderful subarashi
__\
wont*: it wont start do shite
mo stato shimasen
___-_
___
wood (material) zaimoku
|
woods (forest) mori
wool uru
-)
word kotoba
___
work (noun) shigoto
_
its not working ugokimasen
___
I work in ... de hataraite
imasu
\\_
world sekai
_
worry: Im worried shimpai
desu
__
worse: its worse nao warui
desu
__\
worst sai-ak (no)
__[,
worth: is it worth a visit? it
te
miru kachi ga arimasu ka?
__Q__
[__
would: would you give this to
...? kore o ni watashite
kuremasen ka?
______
____
wrap: could you wrap it up?
tsutsunde kuremasen ka?
______
wrapping paper hososhi
__
wrestler resura
_-
sumo wrestler rikishi
_
wrestling resuringu
|
sumo wrestling sumo
_
wrist tekubi
q_
write kakimasu
___
could you write it down?
kaite kuremasen ka?
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_\____
how do you write it? do
kakimasu ka?
_____
writing paper binsen
__
wrong: its the wrong key kagi
ga aimasen
___\__
this is the wrong train kore
wa chigau densha desu
____
the bills wrong okanjo ga

machigat
te imasu
____
\_
sorry, wrong number
sumimasen, ban
go o
machigaemashita
______
______
sorry, wrong room
sumimasen, heya o
machigaemashita
______
______
theres something wrong with
... wa doko ka okashi
desu
______\
whats wrong? do ka
shimashita ka?
_______
X
X-ray rentogen
_
Y
yacht yot
to
_
yard yado
_-_
year toshi
yellow kiroi
_\\
yen en
[
yes hai
_\
yesterday kino
_,
yesterday morning kino no asa
_,,g
the day before yesterday
ototoi
__\
yet mada
_
dialogue
is it here yet? mo
tsukimashita ka?
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no, not yet ie, mada desu
youll have to wait a little
longer yet mo shibaraku
kakarimas
yoghurt yoguruto
-)_
you* (sing) anata
_
(pl) anatatachi
__
this is for you kore wa anata
ni agemas
____
,_
with you anata to is
sho ni
___
young wakai
__\
your(s)* (sing) anata no
_,
(pl) anatatachi no
__,
youth hostel yusu-hosteru
.-)
Z
Zen Buddhism Zen
|
Zen garden Zentei
|_
Zen priest Zenso
|
Zen sect Zenshu
|_
Zen temple Zendera
|
zero zero
+
zip fasuna
-
could you put a new zip on?
atarashi fasuna ni kaete
kuremasen ka?
__\
-_____
__
zip code yubimban
go
Q__
zoo dobutsu
en
__
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Japanese
English
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Colloquialisms
The following are words you may well hear.You shouldnt be
tempted to use any of the stronger ones unless you are sure
of your audience.
aho! fool!
baka! you fool!, stupid bastard!
bakamitai stupid
bakayaro! damn fool!
bijin beautiful woman
charinko bicycle
chikusho! damn!, hell! (literally: beast)
chotto! hey!
damare! shut up!
domo thanks; hi
gaijin foreigner
ja ne bye, cheerio
kakko i trendy; cool; handsome
kireru blow ones top
konoyaro! damn fool!
kuso! shit!
maji de honestly; really
mansatsu ten-thousand yen note
mashi better
meshi meal
shinjirannai unbelievable
subarashi! fantastic!
sugoi! great!, super!; well done!
tondemo nai! no way!
urusai! shut up!
uso! thats a lie!
usotsuki! liar!
yada! no!; yuk!
yokatta! good!
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A
t
A
abekku lovers, a couple
abunai dangerous
atchi e itte! go away!
agemasu to give
ago chin; jaw
aibeya ni narimasu to share
(room)
aimasu to meet
aiseki shimasu to share (table)
aji taste; flavour
Ajia Asia
Ajia (no) Asian
akachan baby
akai red
akemasu to open
akemashite omedeto goza-
imasu! Happy New Year!
aki autumn, (U S) fall
akiraka (na) clear, obvious
akuseru accelerator
amai sweet (taste)
amari not very much
amari oku nai not many
ame candies, sweets; rain
Amerika Gasshukoku USA
ana hole
anata (ga) you (sing)
anata no your; yours
anata o you (sing)
anata wa you (sing)
anata wa desu you are
anatatachi (ga) you (pl)
anatatachi no your; yours (pl)
anatatachi o you (pl)
anatatachi wa you (pl)
ane sister (ones own: older)
ani brother (ones own: older)
annaisho information desk
ano that; those (further away)
anzen (na) safe
aoi blue
apato apartment, flat
araimasu to wash
arashi storm
aratamatta formal
are that; that one; those (fur-
ther away)
arigato thank you, thanks
arimasen: sore ja arimasen
not that one
ga arimasen no ...
aruite walk; on foot
arukoru alcohol
arukoru-nuki (no) non-alco-
holic
asa morning
asatte the day after tomor-
row
asayu-nishoku-tsuki half
board
ashi leg; foot
ashikubi ankle
ashita tomorrow
ashita no asa tomorrow
morning
ashita no gogo tomorrow
afternoon
asobiba playground
asoko ni up there; over there
assatte the day after
tomorrow
atama head
atama ga i intelligent
atamakin deposit (as part pay-
ment)
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A
t
atarashi new
atatakai warm; mild
atchi: atchi e itte! go away!
atchi no ho desu its that
way
ato de after; afterwards, later,
later on
atsumemasu to collect
atsui thick; hot
azayaka (na) bright
B
baka (na) silly; stupid
baka! you fool!
bakageta ridiculous
bakkin fine (punishment)
ban van
bango number
bango o machigaemashita
wrong number
bangumi programme
bansoko plasters, Bandaid
basu-ryoko coach trip
basu-taminaru coach station,
bus station
basu-tei bus stop
basu-tsuki no heya with a
private bathroom
beddo bed (Western-style)
bengoshi lawyer
benri (na) convenient
beruto belt
besuto waistcoat
betsubetsu (no) separate
betsu no another, different
bijinesu-hoteru business hotel
bijutsu art
bijutsu-kan art gallery
bimbo poor
bimmei flight number
bin jar; bottle
biniru-bukuro carrier bag,
plastic bag
binsen writing pad
biru building
biru beer
biyoin hairdressers (womens)
biza visa
bochi cemetery
boi porter (in hotel)
boku (ga) I (fam, m)
boku no my; mine (fam, m)
boku o me (fam, m)
bokushi priest (Christian)
boku wa I (fam, m)
bonnetto bonnet, (U S)
hood
boru ball
borupen ballpoint pen
boshi cap, hat
boto boat
braja bra
bubun part, bit
oki bubun a big bit
bucho director, head of
department
budo martial arts
Bukkyo Buddhism
Bukkyo (no) Buddhist
Bukkyoto Buddhist
bunraku traditional puppet
theatre
butsudan house altar
byo second (of time)
byobu screen
byoin hospital
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D
a
byoki illness; disease
byoki (no) sick, ill
byoto ward
C
cha-iro (no) brown
-chan diminutive suffix
added to childs name or
familiar suffix used
between friends and family
chanto properly
chawan bowl (porcelain)
chekku-in shimasu to check
in
chibusa breast
chichi father (ones own)
chigai difference
chigau different
chiho region, district
chikai near, nearby
chikatetsu underground,
(U S) subway
chiki area
chimu team
chippu tip
chirashi leaflet
chisai small
chizu map
cho area
chodo koko de right here
choka-tenimotsu excess bag-
gage
chokusetsu (no) direct
chokutsu direct
chokyori-basu coach, bus
chokyori-denwa long-dis-
tance call
chome area of a few square
blocks
choshi ga okashi faulty
choshoku breakfast
choshoku-tsuki yado bed and
breakfast
chotto! hey!
chotto matte kudasai! just a
minute!
chotto sumimasen! excuse
me!
Chugoku China
Chugoku (no) Chinese
chuibukai careful
chuko (no) second-hand
chukurai (no) medium, medi-
um-sized
chumon order
chumon shimasu to order
chusha injection
chushajo car park, parking lot
chushin centre
chushoku lunch
chushoku-go after lunch
D
daburu double; double
room; double whisky
-dai classifier for machines,
cars, bikes and stereos
daidokoro kitchen
daigaku college; university
daihyo representative
daihyo-teki (na) typical
daijobu all right, OK; no
problem
daisuki desu to love
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D
a
daitai roughly, approximately
daitoryo president (of country)
daiyaru shimasu to dial
dake only, just
dambo heater, heating
dame! dont!
dame desu! certainly not!
sore wa dame desu its no
good
dandan gradually
dansei men
dansei-yo toire gents toilet,
mens room
dantai party, group
dare? who?
dare ka anybody; somebody,
someone
dare mo -masen nobody,
no-one; none
dasshimen cotton wool,
absorbent cotton
de by, by means of; with; at;
on; in
deguchi exit, way out
dekakemasu to go away
dekimas can
dekimasen cannot
dekireba hopefully
dekirudake as ... as possi-
ble
dekirudake hayaku as soon
as possible
demo but; even the
demo demo nai neither
... nor ...
denatsu voltage
denchi battery
dengon message
denki electricity; light
denki (no) electric
denki-kamisori shaver
denki-kamisori-yo konsento
shaving point
denki-seihin electrical
appliances
denki-ya electrician; electri-
cal goods shop
denkyu light bulb
densensei (no) infectious
densha train
denshi-renji microwave
(oven)
dento-teki (na) traditional
denwa telephone, phone
denwabango phone number
denwabango-annai directo-
ry enquiries
denwacho phone book
denwa shimasu to call, to
phone
depato department store
desu be; am; is; are; it is
anata wa desu you are ...
watashi wa desu I am ...
desu ka? is it ...?
deshita were; was; it was
dewa mata see you again
dizeru-sha diesel
do degree
do? how?
do shimashita ka? whats
the matter?
do itashimashite dont men-
tion it, youre welcome
doa door
doaboi doorman
dobutsu animal
dobutsu-en zoo
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u
dochira which; who
dochira demo nai neither
(one) of them
dochiraka either of them
dochira-sama desu ka? whos
calling?
Doitsu Germany
Doitsu (no) German
dokan desu I agree; all right
doka yamete kudasai please
dont
doko? where?
doko desu ka? where is it?
doko demo everywhere;
anywhere
doko ka somewhere
dokushin single, not married
domo thanks; hi
domo arigato thanks
domo sumimasen sorry
dono? which?
dore? which one?
dore mo -masen none
doro mud
dorobo thief
dorochizu road map;
streetmap
doshite des ka? why?; why
not?
Doyobi Saturday
dozo I dont mind, please go
ahead; here you are
dozo osaki ni after you
dozo yoroshiku pleased to
meet you
E
e to; towards; until; painting,
picture; drawing
e yes
ehagaki postcard
eiga film, movie
eigakan cinema, movie the-
ater
Eigo English (language)
Eigo de in English
eigyo-chu open
eigyojikan opening times
Eikoku Britain
Eikoku (no) British
eizu AIDS
eki train station
empitsu pencil
em-saizu medium
en circle; yen
erabimasu to choose
erebeta lift, elevator
eri collar
eru-saiz large
eya-kon air-conditioning
F
fakkusu fax
fakkusu o okurimasu to fax
fasuna zip
Fransu (no) French
Fransu-go French (language)
furonto reception desk (i n
hotel)
furonto-gakari receptionist
(in hotel)
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F
u
furonto-garasu windscreen
fu city
fuben (na) inconvenient
fufu married couple
fujinfuku-uriba ladies wear
fukai deep
fukano(na) impossible
fukin tea towel
Fukkatsusai Easter
fukumimasu to include
fukutsu stomachache
fukuro bag, paper bag
fumi flavour
fumoto bottom
fun minute
fune boat, ship
funsui fountain (ornamental)
furui old; stale
fusuma sliding door (pat-
terned)
futa cap; lid
futatsu two; a couple
futo envelope
futon mattress; bedding
futotta fat
futsuka two days
futsukayoi hangover
futsu local intercity train
futsu(no) ordinary, usual
fuyu winter
fuyukai (na) unpleasant
G
ga subject particle that
emphasizes the subject
ga arimasu there is ...;
there are ...
ga arimasen no ...; theres
no ...; there are no ...
gaido guide
gaijin foreigner
gaikoku abroad
gaikoku (no) foreign
gaikoku-go foreign language
gaikoku-jin foreigner
gaishutsu shimasu to go out
gaku amount
gake cliff
gakkari shita disappointed
gakki term (at university,
school)
gakko school
gakusei student
Gantan New Years Day
garakuta rubbish
garasu glass
gasorin petrol, (U S) gas
gasorin-sutando petrol sta-
tion, (U S) gas station
geijutsu-ka artist
gekijo theatre
genkan doorway, entrance,
porch
genki? how are you?
genki de ne take care, bye,
see you
genkin cash
genkin-jido-shiharaiki cash
dispenser, ATM
genkin ni kaemasu to cash
genzo film processing
genzo shimasu to develop
geta wooden sandals
geto gate (at airport)
getsu month (this, last, next
etc)
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a
Getsuyobi Monday
gezai laxative
gin silver
ginko bank (money)
giri no imoto sister-in-law
(ones own: younger)
giri no musuko son-in-law
(ones own)
giri no musume daughter-in-
law (ones own)
giri no oka-san mother-in-
law (someone elses)
giri no one-san sister-in-law
(someone elses: older)
giri no oni-san brother-in-
law (someone elses: older)
giri no oto-san father-in-law
(someone elses)
giri no ototo brother-in-law
(ones own: younger)
go five
go- polite prefix
-go after
gochiso-sama deshita it was
delicious (literally: it was a
feast)
gogaku-kosu language
course
Gogatsu May
gogo afternoon, pm
kyono gogo ni this after-
noon
go-hyaku five hundred
go-ju fifty
gojusho address
gojusho wa? whats your
address?
gokei total
gokigen: gokigen ikaga desu
ka? how are you?
gokigenyo! have a nice day!
gomu rubber (material)
gomennasai excuse me,
sorry
gomi rubbish, trash; waste
gomibako bin; dustbin,
trashcan
goro about, approximately
goryoshin parents (someone
elses)
goshujin husband (someone
elses)
gozen am
gozen shichiji ni at 7am
gun county
gurinsha first-class carriage
gurinsha-joshaken first-class
train ticket
gyoretsu queue
H
ha tooth
haburashi toothbrush
hachi eight; wasp
Hachigatsu August
hachi-ju eighty
hae fly
haguki gum (in mouth)
haha mother (ones own)
hai yes; lungs
-hai classifier meaning
glassful or cupful
hai-iro (no) grey
hai-oku unleaded petrol
hairimasu to come in
haisha dentist
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a
haita toothache
haitatsu delivery
haitatsu shimasu to deliver
haizara ashtray
hajimarimasu to begin
hajime beginning
hajimemasu to start
hajimemashite how do you
do?, pleased to meet you
hajimete the first time
hakubutsukan museum
hakike nausea
hako box
hamabe beach
hamaki cigar
hambun half
hamigakiko toothpaste
hana nose; flower
hanabi fireworks
hanashi-chu engaged, (U S)
occupied
hanashimasu to speak; to
talk
hana-ya florists
han-dasu (no) half a
dozen
handobaggu bag, handbag,
(U S) purse
hanemasu to knock over
hangaku half fare
hangaku (no) half-price
hanjikan half an hour
hankagai city centre, down-
town
hanko personal seal
hannama (na) not cooked
han-rittoru half a litre
hantai opposite
to hantai (no) against,
opposed to
hap-pyaku eight hundred
harai-modoshi refund
hareta fine (weather); swollen
harete imasu its sunny; its
swollen
hari needle
haru spring
hasami scissors
hashi bridge (over river);
chopsticks
hashirimasu to run
hata flag
hatake field
hayai fast, quick; early
hayaku quickly
hei fence
heikin-teki average (not good)
hempi (na) secluded
hen (na) weird, strange, odd
heya accommodation; room
hi fire; day
hidari left
hidari e to the left
hidari ni on the left
hidari-kiki (no) left-handed
hidoi bad; dreadful; nasty
hidoku badly
hifu skin
higaeri-ryoko day trip
higashi east
hiji elbow
hijoguchi fire escape; emer-
gency exit
hikage shade
hikari light
-hiki classifier for animals
hikidashi drawer
hikimasu to pull; to play
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o
(instrument)
hikinobashi enlargement
hikkuri kaeshimasu to knock
over
hiko flight
hikoki plane, airplane
hikui low
himo string
hinata sun
hi ni yaketa suntanned
hinshitsu quality
hiraita open
hiroba square
hiroi wide
hiru heel (of shoe)
hisho secretary
hitai forehead
hito person; people
hito-ban ni tsuki per night
hitogomi crowd
hito-hako packet
hito-kire piece
hito-kumi pair
hito-pakku pack
hitori alone
hitotsu piece; one
hitotsu mo -masen no
mo hitotsu another, one
more
hitotsu (no) a, an
hitsuyo (na) necessary, essen-
tial
hiyake tan, suntan; sunburn
hiyake-dome sunblock
hiyake shimasu to get a tan
hiyo ga kakarimasu to cost
hiza knee
ho cheek (on face)
hodo pavement, sidewalk
hodo nai less ...than
hohoemimasu to smile
hoka the rest
hoka hoka bento lunch box
shop
hoka ni nani ka something
else, anything else
hoka niwa nai desu nothing
else
hoka no other
hoken insurance
hoki brush
hoko direction
hokori dust
hokusei northwest
hokuto northeast
hommono (no) real, genuine
homo (no) gay
hon book
-hon classfier for pens, ciga-
rettes and other cylindrical
objects
hone bone
hone ga oreta broken
hon no sukoshi just a little
honto (ni) really
hontodesu ka? really?
honto(no) true
honya bookshop, bookstore
honyaku translation
honyaku shimasu to trans-
late
honyubin babys bottle
horitsu law
hoseki jewellery
hoseki-ten jewellers
hoshi star
hoshidesu to want
hosho guarantee
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hoshokin deposit
hososhi wrapping paper
hossa fit, attack
hotai bandage; dressing
hoteru hotel
hoteru no heya hotel room
hotoke-sama Buddha
hotondo almost, nearly
hotondo -masen hardly
hyaku hundred
hyaku man million
hyoshiki sign
I
i good
i desu thats good; thats
fine
ichi one
ichiba market
ichiban suki (na) favourite
ichi-dasu (no) dozen
Ichigatsu January
ichinichi-ju all day
ichiryu (no) excellent
ie house
ie no
igai dewa apart from
igai wa except
Igirisu Britain
Igirisu (no) British
Igirisu-jin British person
Igirisu-pondo sterling
ijo over, more than
sore ijo more than that
ika less than, under
ikebana flower arrangement
iki-iki shita lively
ikikata route
ikimasu to go
ikimasho! lets go!
ikitai desu Id like to
ikkai ground floor, (U S) first
floor; once
ikkaibun dose
ikura desu ka? how much is
it?
ikutsu? how many?; how
old?
ikutsuka (no) several
ima now; just, only just
ima wa dame desu not just
now
ima nanji desu ka? what
time is it?
imamade ni ever
imasu to say; to call
imeiru e-mail
imoto sister (ones own:
younger)
inaka country; countryside
Indo (no) Indian
inryosui drinking water
intachenji interchange (on
motorway)
inu dog
ippai full; a glass of
ippai ni shimasu to fill up
ippaku (no) overnight
ippan-teki (na) general
iraira suru annoying
irasshaimase may I help
you
ireba dentures
iriguchi entrance, way in
iro colour
iseki ruins
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u
isha doctor
ishi stone, rock
isogashi busy
isogimasu to hurry
issho ni together
to issho ni with ...
issoku pair; pair of
shoes/socks
isu chair
Isuramukyo (no) Muslim
itadakimasu! enjoy your
meal!, bon appetit!
itai hurt; painful
itai desu its sore
itami pain, ache
itamidome painkillers
itamimasu to hurt
Itaria Italy
Itaria (no) Italian
ito thread
itoko cousin
itsuka fifth
itsumo always
itsu? when?
itsutsu five
ittan -tara once, as soon as
iwa rock
iya (na) disgusting, nasty
izaka-ya pub
J
ja well
jaguchi tap, faucet
jama shimasu to disturb
ja mata see you later
ja ne bye, cheerio
ji oclock
jibun de myself; by myself
jido automatic
jido-hambaiki vending
machine
jidosha-hoken green card (car
insurance)
jikan time; hour
jiko accident
jikokuhyo timetable, (U S)
schedule
jimen ground
jimoto no local
jimusho office
jinja shrine
jishin earthquake
jitensha bicycle, bike
jitensha-okiba bicycle park
jodan joke
johin (na) posh
joho information
jokyaku passenger
josei woman; lady
ju ten; gun; rifle
jubun enough
judai (na) serious
Jugatsu October
ju-go fifteen
jugyo lesson
ju-hachi eighteen
ju-ichi eleven
Juichigatsu November
jujiro crossroads, intersection
jukushita ripe
ju-kyu nineteen
ju-ni twelve
Junigatsu December
ju-roku sixteen
ju-san thirteen
ju-shichi seventeen
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jusho address
jushoroku address book
jutai traffic jam
jutan carpet
ju-yon fourteen
K
ka mosquito
ka ka either ... or ...
ka? question particle
kaban bag
kabe wall
kabin vase
kacho section chief
kado card
kado-denwa cardphone
kaerimasu to go back, to
return
kaeshimasu to give back
kagu furniture
kagami mirror
kagetsu month (one, two, three
etc)
kagi key; lock
kagi o akemasu to unlock
kago basket
kai floor, storey
kaichudento torch
kaidan steps, stairs
kaigan coast
kaigi meeting (business); con-
ference
kaigishitsu conference room
kaikaishiki opening ceremo-
ny
kaikei cash desk
kaimasu to buy
kaisha company, business
kaisoku local train with lim-
ited stops
kaji fire (blaze)
kakebuton duvet
kakejiku scroll (hanging)
kakemasu to switch on
(engine); to play (music)
kakimasu to write
kakitome-yubin de by regis-
tered mail
kakunin shimasu to confirm
kamban sign
kamera-ya camera shop
kami paper; hair
kami-omutsu disposable nap-
pies/diapers
kami-sama God
kamisori razor
kampai! cheers!
kampeki (na) perfect
kanari fairly, pretty, quite; a
bit
kanari takusan quite a lot
kanari (no) fair (amount)
kanashi sad
kanemochi (no) rich (person)
kangae idea
kangaemasu to think
kangeikai reception (f or
guests)
kangofu nurse (woman)
kangoshi nurse (man)
kanji character (written);
Chinese character
kanjimasu to feel
kankiri can-opener, tin-
opener
kanko-annaijo tourist infor-
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mation office
Kankoku South Korea
Kankoku (no) Korean
kankoryoko trip, excursion,
sightseeing tour
kannushi Shinto priest
kano(na) possible
kanojo (ga) she
kanojo no her; hers
kanojo o her
kanojo wa she
kanojotachi (ga) they (f)
kanojotachi no their;
theirs (f)
kanojotachi o them (f )
kanojotachi wa they (f)
kanpai! cheers!
kanrishoku executive
kansen infection
kansha (no) grateful
kantan (na) simple, easy
kanzen ni completely
kanzo liver (in body)
kanzume can
kao face
kappu cup
kappuru couple
kara from; since
kara (no) empty
karada body
karada ni i healthy
karai hot, spicy
kare he
kare ga he
kare no his
kare o him
kare wa he
karera (ga) they (m)
karera no their; theirs (m)
karera o them (m)
karera wa they (m)
karimasu to rent, to hire; to
borrow
karui light (not heavy)
kasa umbrella
kashimasu to lend
kashikoi clever
kashu singer; pop singer
kata shoulder
kataho one end; one side
katai hard
katamichi-kippu single tick-
et, one-way ticket
katto cut
kawa leather; river
kawaita dry
kawari ni instead
kawase-tegata bankers draft
kawatta odd, strange, pecu-
liar
Kayobi Tuesday
kazan volcano
kaze wind
kazoku family
kazu number, figure
kega o shita injured
keiba race (for horses)
keieisha manager (in business)
keikan policeman
keisatsu police
keisatsusho police station
keitai-denwa mobile phone
keiyaku contract
keiyu stopover
keiyu de via
kekko desu all right, fine
ie kekko desu no thanks
kekkon marriage
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kekkon shita married
kekkon shite imasu Im
married
kekkon shite imasu ka? are
you married?
kekkon-kinen-bi wedding
anniversary
kekkon-shiki wedding
kekkon-yubiwa wedding
ring
kekkyoku after all
kemuri smoke
ken ticket; prefecture
kendo Japanese fencing
keneki quarantine
kenka fight
kenko (na) healthy
keredomo although
kesa this morning
keshiki scenery
keshimasu to switch off
kesho make-up
keshohin cosmetics
keshoshitsu ladies toilets,
ladies room
kesshite -masen never
ketsueki blood
kewashi steep
ki tree; mind; heart
kibako wooden box
kibo hope
kibun feeling
kicho(na) valuable
kiete iru off (lights)
kigaemasu to get changed
kiji material (fabric)
kikai machine
kikan period (of time)
kiken (na) risky
kikimasu to listen
kikoemasu to hear
kimasu to come
kimemasu to decide
kimi (ga) you (sing, fam)
kimi no your; yours (sing,
fam)
kimi o you (sing, fam)
kimi wa you (sing, fam)
kimochi no i pleasant
kimono kimono; Japanese
clothes
kimpatsu (no) blond
kin gold
kinen-hi monument
kinen-koshitsu nonsmoking
compartment
kingyo goldfish
kinkyu emergency
kinkyu (na) urgent
kino yesterday
kino no asa yesterday
morning
kinu silk
Kinyobi Friday
kinyushimasu to fill in
kinzoku metal
kion temperature (weather)
ki o tsukete! look out!
kippu ticket
kippu-uriba box office; tick-
et office
kirai desu hate
kirei (na) beautiful; pretty;
nice; clean
kirei ni shimasu to clean up
kiri mist, fog
kirimasu to cut
kiroi yellow
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kisu kiss
kishibe shore (of lake)
kissa-ten teahouse; caf
kis shimasu to kiss
kita north
Kita-Chosen North Korea
kitai hazure (no) disappoint-
ing
kitai shimasu to look for-
ward to
kitanai dirty
kitsui tight
kitte stamp
-ko classifer for fruit, cakes,
eggs and small chunky
objects
koban police box
kocha tea (drink)
kodo wire; lead
kodomo child; children
kodomo-yo (no) childrens
koe voice
koen park
kogai open air
kogai suburb
Kogo-Heika Empress of
Japan
kohei (na) fair, impartial
kohi coffee
koi carp
koin-randori launderette,
laundromat
kojo factory
koka coin
kokan-reto exchange rate
kokkyo border (of country)
kokunaisen domestic flight
koko here
koko desu right here, just
here
wa koko desu here is/are
...
masa ni koko de just here
koko ni over here
koko no kore desu this one
here
kokonoka ninth
kokonotsu nine
kokuritsu (no) national
kokusai-teki (na)
international
kokuseki nationality
kokubin de by airmail
kokubinyo futo airmail enve-
lope
kokyu (na) upmarket
komban tonight, this
evening
komban wa good evening
kome rice (uncooked)
komichi path
komori child minder
kona-sekken soap powder
konda crowded
konde iru busy
kondo next time
kon-iro (no) navy (blue)
konkai this time
konkuru contest
konnichi wa hello
kono this; these
konoha leaf
konosaki down the road
kono shita desu down here
konsento power point
koppu glass
kore this; this one; these
kore desu ka this one here
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kore kara in future
kore wa desu this is ...
korekuto-koru reverse charge
call, collect call
kori ice
korobimasu to fall
koruku-nuki corkscrew
kosu course
kosaten junction
kosho breakdown
koshubenjo public toilets
koshudenwa phone box,
payphone
kosobiru skyscraper
kosokudoro motorway, free-
way, highway
kossetsu fracture
kosui perfume
kotatsu footwarmer
kotchi this; this way; here
koto coat
kotoba word, language
kotsu traffic
kotsujiko road accident
kottohin antique
kottohin-ten antique shop
kowareta damaged; broken
kowarete imasu out of order
kowashimasu to break, to
damage
koza bank account, account
kozeni change, money
kozui flood
kozutsumi parcel, package
kusa grass
kusuri drug, medicine
kusuri-ya pharmacy
ku ward, area of a city
kubi neck
kuchi mouth
kuchibeni lipstick
kuchibiru lips
kudaketa informal
kudamono fruit
Kugats September
kuishimbo (no) greedy
kujira whale
kujo complaint
kujoo imas to complain
kuki air
kuko airport
kumo spider
kumori (no) cloudy, dull
-kun suffix used when
addressing a young person
kuni country, nation
kurabemasu to compare
kurai about, approximately
kuremasu to give
o kuremasen ka? could I
have ...?
-te kuremasen ka? could
you ...?
kurikaeshimasu to repeat
Kurisumasu-Ibu Christmas
Eve
kuro black
kuroi dark
kuroku cloakroom
kuruma car
kushami o shimasu to sneeze
kushi comb
kutsu shoe
kutsu-himo shoelaces
kutsunaoshi shoe repairer
kutsu no soko sole (of shoe)
kutsuzumi shoe polish
kuzushimasu to change
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a
(money)
kyaku customer
kyakusha coach, carriage
kyakushitsu compartment
kyakushitsu-gakari maid
kyanseru-machi standby
kyo today
kyodai brother
kyodo-keiei-sha partner (i n
business)
kyoka permit
kyokai church
kyoku-dome-yubin poste
restante
kyori distance
kyoryoku help
kyu nine
kyuden palace
kyugyo closed
kyu-hyaku nine hundred
kyu-ju ninety
kyuka holiday, vacation
kyukei-jikan interval
kyuko express train
kyukyubako first-aid kit
kyukyubyoto casualty depart-
ment
kyukyusha ambulance
kyureki lunar calendar
kyusuiki fountain (f or
drinking)
M
mabushi bright
machi town; area
machi-awase-basho meeting
place
machigai error, mistake
machigatta false, not true
machimasu to wait
mada still; only; yet
ie, mada desu not yet
made to; up to; until; as far
as
Mokyobi made ni by
Thursday
mado window
madogawa no seki window
seat
mae ago; front
ichijikan mae an hour ago
sono mae no hi the day
before
mae motte in advance
mae ni in front, at the front;
formerly, in the past; before
magarikado turning (in road)
magomusuko grandson (ones
own)
magomusume granddaughter
(ones own)
mahobin Thermos flask
-mai classifier for pieces of
paper, tickets and other
thin, flat objects
mainichi (no) daily
majime (na) serious
makura pillow
makura-kaba pillow case
mama mum
mama desu not bad, so-so
manga comic book
manikyua nail varnish
mannaka middle
manshon apartment block
Mare-hanto (no) Malay
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a
maroyaka (na) mild
masaka! oh no!
-masen not
-masen deshita didnt
mata again
mata wa or
matsu pine
mattaku chigaimasu defi-
nitely not
mattaku sono tori desu defi-
nitely
mawari-michi diversion,
detour
mayaku drugs (narcotics)
mayonaka midnight
mayonaka ni in the middle
of the night; at midnight
me eye
megane spectacles, eyeglasses
mei niece (ones own)
meishi business card
meisho the sights
menkyo licence
menrui noodles
menzei(hin) duty-free
(goods)
menzeihin-ten duty-free
shop
metta ni not often
metta ni -masen hardly
ever
mezurashi rare, uncommon,
unusual
miatarimasen missing
michi road
midori (no) green
midori no madoguchi ticket
counter
migi right
migi e to the right
migi ni on the right
mihon-ichi fair; trade fair
mijikai brief, short
mikka third
mimasu to look at; to see
mimi ear
mimi ga kikoenai deaf
minami south
o minami in the south
minato harbour, port
mingeihin-ten craft shop
minikui ugly
minna everyone; all
wa minna all the ...
minshuku guesthouse
miryoku-teki (na) attractive
mise shop
mitsukemasu to find
mittsu three
mizu water
mizugi swimming trunks;
swimming costume
mizumi lake
mizusashi jug
mo also, too; even; both ...
and; neither ... nor
mo already
mo hitotsu another, one
more
mochimasu to have; to
carry; to hold
mochinushi owner
mochiron of course
mochiron chigaimasu of
course not
mochite handle
modorimasu to get back, to
return
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a
modotte ikimasu to go back
modotte kimasu to come
back
mofu blanket
mokutekichi destination
Mokuyobi Thursday
momen cotton
momo thigh
mon gate
mondai problem
mono thing
more leak
mori woods, forest
moshi if
moshi demo even if ...
moshi-moshi hello; Im still
here
mosukoshi some more, a lit-
tle bit more
motte kimasu to bring; to
fetch
motto more
motto i better
motto sukunaku less
motto takusan a lot more
motto toku further
moyo pattern
muchu(na) crazy
muen-gasorin unleaded
petrol
muika sixth
muishiki (no) unconscious
muji (no) plain
mukai no opposite
mukashi-fu (no) old-fash-
ioned
muko there; over there
muko desu, muko ni over
there
mukogawa across
mune chest, breast
mura village
murasaki (no) purple, violet
muryo free of charge
mushi insect
mushi-atsui humid
mushi-sasare insect bite
musuko son (ones own)
musume daughter (ones own)
muttsu six
muzukashi hard, difficult
myoji surname
N
nadare avalanche
nagai long
nagai aida a long time
nagame view
nagashi sink
nagemasu to throw
naisen telephone extension
naka inside
naka e hairimasu to go in
nakai-san maid
naka ni inside
-nakereba narimasen I must
...
nakimasu to cry
nakunarimasu to disappear
nakushimasu to lose
nama (no) raw
namae name; first name,
given name
namake-mono lazy
nana seven
nana-hyaku seven hundred
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a
nana-ju seventy
nanatsu seven
nani? what?
nani desu ka? what?
sore wa nani desu ka?
whats that?
nani demo i desu it doesnt
matter
nani ka something, anything
nani ka ka? would you
like anything ...?
nani mo -masen nothing
nani mo nai desu nothing
else
nanoka seventh
nansei southwest
nante imashita? pardon
(me)?, sorry?
nanto southeast
naorimasu to cure
naoshimasu to mend
nao warui desu its worse;
much worse
naraimasu to learn
narubeku hayaku as soon as
possible
naruhodo I see; indeed
nashi de without
natsu summer
nazenara because
ne? isnt it?, havent we?,
havent you? etc
nedan cost, price
nedoko bed (Japanese-style)
nega negative (f i l m)
neko cat
nemurimasu to sleep
nengajo New Years card
nenkin-seikatsusha pensioner
netsu fever; temperature
netsuppoi feverish
nezumi mouse; rat
ni two; to; in; at; into; on;
indirect object particle
ni-bai (no) double; twice as
much
ni-bamme (no) second
nibui stupid
nichibotsu sunset
Nichiyobi Sunday
nigai bitter
Nigatsu February
nihodoki shimasu to unpack
Nihon Japan
Nihon (no) Japanese
Nihongo Japanese (language)
Nihongo de in Japanese
Nihon-jin Japanese (person)
ni-hyaku two hundred
ni-ju twenty
niku meat
ni-kai first floor, (U S) second
floor; twice
nikki diary (for personal experi-
ences)
nikko sunshine
niku-ya butchers
nimotsu luggage, baggage
nimotsu o tsumemasu to
pack
-nin classifier for people
ningyo doll
ningyo-geki puppet show
ninki no aru popular
ninshin-chu (no) pregnant
Nippon Japan
nise (no) fake
nishi west
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k
nishukan fortnight
ni-to second class (train etc)
niwa garden
niwaka-ame shower (of rain)
no of; possessive particle
no aida ni between; during
nodo throat
nodo no itami sore throat
no hoe towards
nojo farm
nokku shimasu to knock
nomi flea
nomimasu to drink
nomimono drink
no mukoni beyond
norikaemasu to change
(trains etc)
norimasu to get on (train etc)
no shita ni under (in position)
no soba near; by
umi no soba by the sea
no soba ni beside
no soko ni at the bottom of
no soto ni outside
no tame ni because of; for
no tonari next to
no ue on
no ushiro ni behind
nuimasu to sew
nunoji cloth, fabric
nureta wet
nusumimasu to steal
nyujoryo admission charge
O
o object particle
o- polite prefix
o-ai-dekite ureshidesu nice
to meet you
oba overcoat
oba-san aunt
oba-san grandmother (some-
one elses)
Obei the West
Obei (no) Western
Obei-jin Westerner
obi sash
oboete imasu to
remember
obon tray
ocha green tea
odori main road; avenue
odorimasu to dance
odoroku-hodo (no) astonish-
ing
ofuku-kippu return ticket,
round-trip ticket
ofuro bath
ofuro-ba bathroom
ofuro-tsuki de ... ... with
bathroom
ogenki desu ka? how are
you?
ohayogozaimasu good
morning
oi nephew (ones own)
oishi delicious
oji-san uncle
oji-san grandfather
ojo-san daughter (someone
elses)
oku much
oku nai not a lot
oka hill
okagesama de fine; well
okane money
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okane o tsukaimasu to spend
okanjo bill, (U S) check
oka-san mother
okashi funny, strange
oki big, large
okimasu to get up; to leave;
to keep; to put
okiwasuremasu to leave
behind
okorimasu to happen
okotta angry
oku-san wife (someone elses)
okugai outdoor
okunai indoor
okure delay
okurimasu to send
okurimono gift
okyaku-sama guest
okyu-teate first aid
omago-san grandchild (some-
one elses)
omatase sorry to keep you
waiting
omatsuri festival
omawari-san policeman
omedeto! congratulations!
Omisoka New Years Eve
omiyage souvenir
omo (na) main
omocha toy
omoi serious, grave; heavy
omoimas to think
omosa weight
omoshiroi exciting; interest-
ing; funny, amusing
omutsu nappy, diaper
onaji the same
onaji yo (na) similar
onaka stomach
onaka ga suita hungry
onegai shimasu please; thank
you
hai, onegai shimasu yes,
please
one-san sister
ongaku music
ongak-ka musician
oni-san brother
onna no ko girl
onsen hot spring
Oranda Holland
Oranda (no) Dutch
orenji-iro (no) orange
origami paper folding
orikaeshi denwa shimasu to
ring back
orimasu to get out; to get
off
oroshimasu to let off
osake alcoholic drink
osaki ni good night; good-
bye; see you
osenko joss stick
oshare (na) trendy, fashion-
able
oshibori moistened hand
towel
oshikomi-goto burglary
oshimasu to push
oshire cupboard, closet
oshiri hip; bottom
Oshogatsu New Year
osoi slow; late
osoku slowly
osoraku probably
osoroshi horrible, awful
ososhiki funeral
osugi too many, too much
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osugimasu that is too much
osuwari kudasai sit down
otanjobi omedeto gozaimasu!
happy birthday!
otera Buddhist temple
otoko no hito man
otoko no ko boy
otona adult
oto-san father; dad
otoshiyori old person
ototo brother (ones own:
younger)
ototoi the day before yester-
day
owan bowl
owari end
owarimasu to finish
owarimashita its finished
oyasuminasai good night
oya-yubi thumb
oyogimasu to swim
P
pachinko pinball
pakku-ryoko package holi-
day
pan bread
panfuretto brochure
panku puncture
pantisutokkingu tights,
pantyhose
pantsu underpants; shorts
pan-ya bakers
piru contraceptive pill
poppusu pop music
posuto letterbox, mailbox
purasutikku plastic
puratto-homu platform;
track
puru swimming pool
R
raishu next week
raishu no ashita a week
tomorrow
raishu no kyo a week today
rai-u thunderstorm
regyura regular unleaded
petrol
rei example
reitoshita frozen
reizoko fridge
rekkasha breakdown service
renji cooker
renta-ka rented car; car
rental
rentaru (no) to rent, for hire
renzu lens; camera lens; con-
tact lens
reshito receipt
rimujin-basu airport bus
rinsu conditioner (for hair)
roji lane
roku six
roka corridor
Rokugatsu June
roku-ju sixty
romendensha tram
roppyaku six hundred
rosenzu network map
rosoku candle
ryo amount (quantity)
ryogae-jo bureau de change
ryogae-reto exchange rate
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ryoho both
ryojikan consulate
ryokan Japanese traditional
inn
ryokin charge; fare; rental
ryokinbako fare box
ryoko journey
sore dewa tanoshi ryoko o!
have a good journey!
ryokogaisha travel agents
ryokokyaku tourist
ryokoshimasu to travel
ryori food; dish (meal)
ryori shimasu to cook
ryoshin parents (ones own)
ryukookure (no) unfashion-
able
S
sabisu-ryo service charge
sagashimasu to search, to
look for
sai-aku (no) worst
saifu purse; wallet
saigai disaster
saigo (no) final, last
saijitsu public holiday
saijokai top floor
saikin recently
saiko(no) best
saishin (no) latest, most
recent, up-to-date
saisho (no) first
saisho ni at first
saishoku-shugisha vegetarian
saizu size
sakana fish
sakana-ya fishmongers
sakasama upside down
sakazuki sake cup
saki first
sakihodo earlier
sakura cherry blossom
sakura no ki cherry tree
-sama Mr; Mrs; Ms; Miss
sambashi jetty
sam-byaku three hundred
samonaito otherwise
sampatsu haircut (mans)
samui cold
san three
-san Mr; Mrs; Ms; Miss
Sangatsu March
san-ju thirty
san-kai second floor, (U S)
third floor; three times
san-shoku-tsuki full board
sara plate
sarari-man businessman;
salaried worker
sarubin surface mail, over-
land mail
sato sugar
-satsu classifier for books
sawagashi loud
sayonara goodbye
se ga takai tall
seifu government
seihin product
seijo(na) normal
seika net price
seikaku (na) accurate
seikyusho bill, (U S) check;
invoice
seiri period (menstruation)
seiri-yonapukin sanitary nap-
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kins/towels
seishiki (na) formal
seiyo(no) Occidental
sekai world
seki seat; cough
sekken soap
semai narrow (street)
-semasu to let, to allow
semmendai washhand basin
sempuki fan (electrical)
sen thousand; line; plug (i n
sink)
senaka back (of body)
senaka no itami backache
senchi centimetre
sennuki bottle-opener
se no hikui short
sensei teacher; polite form
of address for teachers,
doctors, dentists etc
senshitsu cabin
senshu last week
senshukara since last week
senshuno Kinyobi last Friday
sensu fan
sentak-ki washing machine
sentaku-mono washing,
laundry
sentaku-ya laundry (place)
sento public baths
senyono basu-toire private
bathroom
senzai washing powder
serotepu Sellotape, Scotch
tape
sesshi centigrade
seta pullover, sweater
setomono china
setsubi equipment
setsumei shimasu to explain
setsuzoku connection (i n
travelling)
setsuzokubin connecting
flight
sewa o shimasu to look after
shacho managing director,
president (of company)
shako garage (for parking)
shareta posh
sharin wheel
shasen lane (on motorway)
shashin photo; picture
shatsu shirt
shawa-tsuki (no) with shower
shi death; city; four
shiai game, match
shibafu lawn
shibai play (in theatre)
shibutsu belongings
shichaku shimasu to try on
shichaku-shitsu fitting room
shichi seven
Shichigatsu July
shigai-kyokuban dialling
code, area code
Shigatsu April
shigoto business; job, work
shihainin manager
shiharai payment
shiharaimasu to pay
shihei banknote, (U S) bill
shijo market (in business)
shiken exam
shiki-buton mattress
shikiten ceremony
shikki lacquerware
shima island
shimarimasu to close
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shimasu to do; to play; to
give; to make; to work (as);
to taste; to smell; to feel; to
sound; to cost
shimatta closed
shimbun newspaper, paper
shimbunya newsagents
shimemasu to shut
shimetta damp
shimo frost
shimpai worried
shinai: shinai ho ga i desu
you shouldnt ...
shincho height
shinda dead
shindaisha sleeper, sleeping
car
shingo traffic lights
shingu bedding (Western-
style)
shinguru single room
shinguru-beddo single bed
shinimasu to die
shinjirannai unbelievable
shinkansen bullet train
shinsen (na) fresh
shinsetsu (na) friendly, nice;
kind; generous
shinshifuku-uriba menswear
shinshitsu bedroom
shintai-shogai-sha disabled
person; the disabled
shinzo heart
shirabemasu to find out; to
check
shirafu (no) sober
shirimasen I dont know
shiro castle
shiroi white
shita downstairs; tongue
shita (ni) below
shita e ikimasu to go down
shite: shite kuremasen ka?
could you please ...?
shi-teki (na) private
shitsugyo-chu unemployed
shitsumon question
shitsurei (na) rude
shitsurei shimasu excuse me
shitte imasu to know
shiyo-chu engaged, occupied
shizen (na) natural; peaceful,
quiet
shizuka ni! quiet!
shobosho fire brigade
shodoku-zai antiseptic
shogi Japanese chess
shogo midday, noon
shohosen prescription
shoji sliding door (wooden lat-
tice and paper)
shoka-furyo indigestion
shokai shimasu to introduce
shokaki fire extinguisher
shokbutsu plant
shokudosha restaurant car,
buffet car
shokuji meal
shokuji o shimasu to have
dinner
shokki o araimasu to do the
washing-up
shokki-yosenzai washing-up
liquid
shokuryohin food (in shop)
shokuryohin-ten food
shop/store
shomei signature
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u
shomeisho certificate
shonin witness
shorai future
shorui document
shotai invitation
shotai shimasu to invite
shotsu pants, panties
shu week (this, last, next etc)
shujin husband (ones own)
shukai meeting
shukan custom; week (one,
two, three etc)
shukyo religion
shumatsu weekend
shumi hobby
shuppatsu departure
shuppatsu-raunji departure
lounge
shuppatsu shimasu to leave,
to depart
shuri shimasu to repair
shurui type, make, brand
name
shutcho business trip
shuten terminus
sukoshi a little bit, not
much; little; some
sukoshi no a few
sukunaku-tomo at least
so so
so desu thats right
sobi equipment
soin monastery
sojiki vacuum cleaner
soko (de) there
soko-kyori-museigen unlim-
ited mileage
sokutatsu express (mai l)
somatsu (na) poor (quality)
sonna such; so; like that
sonna ni takusan ja naku
not so much
sonna ni waruku nai not so
bad
sono the; that (nearby)
sono tori desu thats it
sono toki then, at that time
so-on noise
sora sky
sore it; that (nearby); that one
(nearby); those; them
(objects)
sore dake desu thats all
sore de i desu ka? is that
OK?
sore desu that one
sore wa des it is ...
sore zembu all of it
sorekara and then
sorera (ga) they (inanimate
objects)
sorera no their; theirs (inani-
mate objects)
sorera o them (inanimate
objects)
sorera wa they (inanimate
objects)
sorezore (no) each, every
soridaijin prime minister
soryo Buddhist priest
soshite and
soto ni outside
sozai-ya delicatessen
sutando lamp
suteki (na) lovely
sutemasu to throw away
subarashi beautiful; excel-
lent, great, wonderful
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subete everything
subete no every
sugu at once, immediately;
soon
sugu ni straightaway; in a
minute
-sugimasu too
sugoi super, great
sugoi! well done!
suichu-yokusen hydrofoil
suido-ya plumber
suijo-ski waterskiing
suitchi switch
Suiyobi Wednesday
sujitsu mae the other day
suki: ga suki desu ka? do
you like ...?
suki desu I like it
suki ja arimasen I dont like
it
sumi corner
sumi ni in the corner
sumimasen thanks; sorry;
may I?
suna sand
sunde imasu to live
sunika trainers
supa supermarket
suppai sour
suwarimasu to sit down
suzushi cool
T
tabako cigarette
tabemasu to eat
tabemono food
tabitabi (no) frequent
tabun perhaps, maybe
tabun chigau desho perhaps
not
tada free of charge
tadashi correct, right
taifu typhoon
Taiheiyo Pacific Ocean
taikutsu bored
taikutsu (na) boring
taira (na) flat
taisetsu (na) important
taishikan embassy
taitei most; mostly, most of
the time
taitei no most
taiyo sun
takai high; expensive; tall
takasa height
take bamboo
takkyu table tennis
tako kite
tako-age kite-flying
takusan a lot, lots
takusan (no) much; many; a
lot, lots
takusan no plenty of ..., a
lot of ...
takushi-noriba taxi rank
takushi no unten-shu taxi-
driver
takuwae supply
tambo paddy field
tameshimasu to try
tana shelf
tani valley
tanjobi birthday
tanomimasu to ask
tanoshimimasu to enjoy
oneself
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o
tansha moped
taoru flannel; towel
tarimasen theres not
enough
tashika certain, sure
tashika desu ka? are you
sure?
tashika ni certainly
tasukete! help!
tatami straw mat
tatoeba for example
tatoe -temo even if
tazunemasu to visit
te hand
tebukuro gloves
techo notebook; diary
tegami letter
tegoro (na) reasonable; inex-
pensive
tehai shimasu to arrange
teiki-bin scheduled flight
teikiken rail pass
teinei (na) polite
tekubi wrist
tencho manager (in shop)
te ni iremasu to get, to fetch
tenimots baggage; hand lug-
gage
tenimotsu-azukari-jo left lug-
gage (office), baggage
checkroom
tenimotsu-uketori-jo baggage
claim
tenjikan pavilion
tenki weather
Tenno-Heika Emperor of
Japan
tenrankai exhibition
tenso-saki forwarding
address
tento tent
teppen ni at the top
terebi television
teru-rampu rear lights
tetsudaimasu to help
tetsudo railway
tisshu (pepa) tissues,
Kleenex
to with, accompanying; and;
door (of house: Japanese-style)
-to metropolis
to pagoda; ten
tobimasu to fly
tochaku arrival
tochaku shimasu to arrive, to
get in
todana cupboard
toi far
toire toilet, rest room
tojiki crockery
tojikomemasu to lock in
tojoken boarding pass
toku (no) distant
toka tenth
tokei clock, watch
toki pottery
tokidoki sometimes
tokkyu super express train
toku ni especially
tokonoma alcove
tokoro place; someones
house
toko-ya barbers
Tokyowan Tokyo Bay
tomarimasu to stop; to stay
tomei (no) clear
tomemasu to switch off
(engine)
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o
tomodachi friend
tonneru tunnel
toranku boot (of car), (U S)
trunk
torena sweatshirt
tori bird
tori street
toridashimasu to get out, to
take out
torihiki deal (business)
torikaemasu to change, to
replace
torikeshimasu to cancel
torimasu to take, to accept
torokubango registration
number, license number
toshi age; city; year
toshi o totta old (person)
totemo quite; very, extreme-
ly; so; a lot
totemo oishi delicious, excel-
lent
totsuzen ni suddenly
totte handle
totte through
totte okimasu to keep
toyo(no) Oriental, Eastern
tozan mountaineering
tsugi (no) next
sono tsugi no hi the day after
tsugono i convenient (time)
tsukaeta stuck
tsukaimasu to use
tsukamaemasu to fetch; to
catch
tsukaremashita Im tired
tsukareta tired
tsukemasu to switch on (T V,
lights)
tsuki moon
tsukiatari end of a road
tsukimasu to arrive
tsukurimasu to make
tsuma wife (ones own)
tsumaranai dull, uninterest-
ing
tsumasaki toe
tsume nail (finger)
tsumetai cold
-tsu classifier for letters
tsua tour
tsuika-ryokin supplement,
extra charge
tsuin twin room
tsui ni eventually
tsuitach first
tsuite no about, concerning
tsujite imasu to lead
tsurete ikimasu to take, to
lead
tsurogawa no seki aisle seat
tsuyadashi polish
tsuyaku interpreter
tsuyu rainy season
tsuyoi strong
U
ubaguruma buggy
uchi home
uchimasho deal
sore de te o uchimasho its a
deal
ude arm
udedokei wristwatch
ue upstairs; above
no ue ni on top of ...
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ue ni up
ugokashimasu to move
uketorimasu to accept
uketsuke reception desk
uketsuke de at reception
uketsuke-gakari receptionist
uketsukemasu to accept
ukezara saucer
uma horse
umi sea
umibe shore
un luck
untemmenkyosho driving
licence
unten shimasu to drive
untenshu driver
unyoku fortunately
ura back
ureshi happy, glad
uridashi-chu for sale
urimasu to sell
uru wool
urusai noisy
urusai! shut up!
ushiro ni at the back
uso o tsukimasu to lie, to tell
untruth
usu- pale (colour)
usui weak; thin; light, pale
uta song
utaimasu to sing
utsukushi beautiful
W
wa subject particle
wafu Japanese-style
wakai young
wakarimasu to understand
wakarimasu ka? do you
understand?
wakarimasen I dont under-
stand
wakimichi side street
wan bay
waraimasu to laugh
waribiki discount
warikan going Dutch
warui bad; ill
waruku badly
washi paper
wasuremasu to forget
watakushi (ga) I (pol)
watakushi no my; mine (pol)
watakushi o me (pol)
watakushi wa I (pol)
watashi (ga) I
watashi mo me too
watashi mo so desu so am I,
so do I
watashi no my; mine
watashi no desu its mine
watashi o me
watashi wa I
watashi wa desu I am
watashitachi (ga) we
watashitachi no our; ours
watashitachi o us
watashitachi wa we
waza to deliberately
winka indicator
Y
yakan kettle
yakedo burn
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yakedo shimasu to burn
yakkai-goto trouble
yakkyoku pharmacy
yaku ni tatsu helpful; useful
yakuso herbs (medicinal)
yakyu baseball
yama mountain
yamagoya cabin (in mountains)
yamete kudasai! stop it!
yane roof
yao-ya greengrocers
yasai vegetables
yasashi easy
yaseta thin, skinny
yasui cheap, inexpensive;
low
yasumi holiday, vacation
yattsu eight
yawarakai soft
yoake dawn
yofu(no) Western-style
yofuku clothes (Western)
yogore dirt
yogoreta polluted
yoi ga dekita ready
yoku often
yoka eighth
yokatta! good!
yokubari (na) greedy
yokka fourth
yoku kireru sharp
yoko side
yoko ni narimasu to lie down
yokuso bath, bathtub
yom-bun no ichi quarter
yomimasu to read
yomoku foreign cigarettes
yon four
yon-hyaku four hundred
yon-ju forty
yopparatta drunk
yorimasu: bai ni yorimas it
depends
yorimo than
yoru night
yoshi form, document
yoshinasai! dont do that!
yotei schedule
yottsu four
yowai weak
yoyaku reservation; appoint-
ment
yoyaku shimasu to book, to
reserve
yube last night
yubi finger
yubimbango postcode, zip
code
yubin post, mail
yubi-ningyo puppet
yubinkyoku post office
yubinkyoku no honkyoku
main post office
yubiwa ring (on finger)
yudoku (na) poisonous
yuen four-star petrol
yuenchi fair, funfair
yugata evening
yuka floor (of room)
yukata cotton dressing gown
yuki snow
yukkuri slowly
yuko(na) valid (ticket etc)
yumei (na) famous
yurui loose
yushoku evening meal
yusoshimasu to post, to mail
yuttari shita comfortable
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u
Z
zabuton floor cushion
zannen (des)! what a
shame!, its a pity!
zasshi magazine
zeikan Customs
zeitaku (na) luxurious
zembu the whole lot, all of
them
sore zembu all of it
zembu de altogether
Zen-dera Zen temple
zenkai last time
zensai starter, appetizer
Zen-so Zen priest
Zen-tei Zen garden
zenzen not in the least
zettai chigaimasu! certainly
not!
zo statue
zubon trousers, (U S) pants
zutsu headache
zutto much, a lot more
Japanese
English
Signs and
Notices
RG New JAPANESE Signs.qxd 16/02/06 18:39 Page 213
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Contents
General Signs ....................................................................215
Airport, Planes ..................................................................215
Banks, Money....................................................................216
Bus Travel ..........................................................................216
Countries, Nationalities ....................................................217
Customs ............................................................................218
Days ..................................................................................218
Emergencies ......................................................................218
Entertainment ..................................................................219
Ferry, Boat Services ..........................................................220
Forms ................................................................................220
Garages..............................................................................220
Geographical Terms ..........................................................221
Hairdressers, Beauty Salon ................................................221
Health ..............................................................................222
Hiring, Renting ................................................................222
Hotels................................................................................222
Japanese Culture and Festivals............................................223
Lifts (Elevators) ..................................................................223
Medicines ..........................................................................224
Months..............................................................................224
Notices on Doors..............................................................224
Phones ..............................................................................225
Place Names......................................................................225
Post Office ........................................................................226
Public Holidays ................................................................226
Restaurants, Cafs and Bars ..............................................227
Road Signs ........................................................................228
Shopping ..........................................................................228
Streets and Roads ..............................................................230
Taxis ..................................................................................230
Timetables ........................................................................231
Toilets................................................................................231
Train Types ........................................................................231
Train and Underground Travel ..........................................232
Youth Hostels ....................................................................233
General Signs
_[ otona adult
_ kodomo child
__ kiken danger
nomimizu drinking
water
[
okotowari forbidden
j annai information
___\_
_\ shibafu ni
hairanaide kudasai keep off
the grass
_[__ tachiiri-
kinshi keep out
__[ kinryoku no fishing
_Q kinen no smoking
g kosho out of order
gomi litter
]_ gomi
steruna no litter
]_ odanhodo
pedestrian crossing
j__ shizukani quiet,
please
Airport, Planes
__ kuko airport
__ kuko-basu
airport bus
_Q kokubin flight
Q bimmei flight number
g tochaku arrival(s)
__ shuppatsu
departure(s)
_ ikisaki destination
_ iki bound
for
_ keiyu via
_| tojoguchi boarding
gate
_tojoken boarding pass
-_ geto gate
j| higashi-guchi east exit
(or entrance)
| kita-guchi north exit
(or entrance)
| minami-guchi south
exit (or entrance)
| nishi-guchi west exit
(or entrance)
_ koku airline
_kokuken airline ticket
_[_ Zen-Nikku All
Nippon Airways
p kokunai-sen
domestic airlines
p kokusai-sen
international airlines
[q_ Nihon-Koku
Japan Airlines
_ yoyaku reservations
j annai information
j_ annai-gakari
information desk
q{__
tenimotsu-uketori-jo baggage
claim
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_ chekku-in
check-in
[_ menzei-ten duty-
free shop
Banks, Money
_ ginko bank
;p____
gaikoku-kawase-konin-ginko
authorized foreign
exchange bank
_ ryogaejo bureau de
change, foreign exchange
;p_ gaikoku-kawase
foreign exchange
_| madoguchi counter
_-_ kawase-reto
exchange rate
__ furikae transfer
_q kawase-tegata
bankers draft
___-
traberazu-chekku
travellers cheque
_-_
kurejitto-kado credit card
-_ kado-ka credit
cards accepted
|___ kozabango
account number
|_ koza bank account
|_ ryokin fee
[| yuryo fee charged
j| muryo no charge
[ shohi-zei VAT, (US)
consumption tax
[ en yen
\ yen
_) doru dollar
_ pondo pound
sterling
Bus Travel
basu bus
-
basu-senta bus station
basu-tei bus stop
[ basu-noriba
bus boarding point
-)
basu-taminaru bus terminal
_ iki bound
for
shi-basu municipal
bus
_ toei-basu
municipal bus (in Tokyo)
|_[ kippu-uriba
ticket office
| kippu ticket
[ kaisuken book of
tickets
__ unchin-hyo table of
fares
[_ yuko valid
_jj_ josha
wa mae tobira kara enter at
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front door
|_Qj_ kosha
wa ushiro tobira kara exit at
rear door
__unchim-bako fare box
|_ryokin-bako fare box
[_ kaiso out of service
_ tsugi-wa-teisha
stopping at the next stop
_ seisanjo excess fare
office
Countries,
Nationalities
| Amerika
America; American
_-__|
Osutoraria Australia;
Australian
j Ei Britain; British;
England; English
jp Eikoku Britain; British;
England; English
Kanada Canada;
Canadian
JpChugoku China;
Chinese
- Demmaku
Denmark; Danish
__ Oranda
Holland; Dutch
_| Igirisu England;
English; Britain; British
-+ Yoroppa
Europe; European
_ Fransu France;
French
_ Futsu France; French
__ Doitsu Germany;
German
_ Doku Germany; German
__ Indo India; Indian
_| Itaria Italy;
Italian
[ Nichi Japan; Japanese
[q Nihon Japan; Japanese
- Mareshia
Malaysia; Malay
.--__
Nyu-Jirando New Zealand
gg Kita-Chosen North
Korea; North Korean
)- Norue
Norway; Norwegian
[ -jin person
|_ Firipin
Philippines; Filipina
+ Roshia Russia;
Russian
p Kankoku South Korea;
South Korean
_ Spein Spain;
Spanish
- Sueden
Sweden; Swedish
_ Bei USA
_p Beikoku USA
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Customs
[ zeikan Customs
[_ zeikan-shinsa
Customs check
[___
zeikan-kokuchi-sho Customs
declaration form
[q_j zeikan-
shinkoku-yoshi Customs
declaration form
_p shukkoku departure
from a country
p nyukoku entry into a
country
p-_
nyukoku-kado entry card,
landing card
p_ nyukoku-shinsa
entry examination
;p[gaikoku-jin
foreigners
_p_
shutsunyukoku-kanri
immigration
[q[ Nihon-jin Japanese
nationals
] keneki quarantine
Days
]Q[ Getsuyobi Monday
_Q[ Kayobi Tuesday
Q[ Suiyobi Wednesday
Q[ Mokuyobi
Thursday
_Q[ Kinyobi Friday
_Q[ Doyobi Saturday
[Q[ Nichiyobi Sunday
Emergencies
j_ kyukyu-sha
ambulance
119_ hyaku-ju-kyu-ban
ambulance; fire brigade
byoin hospital
j_ kyukyu-byoin
emergency hospital
__q_ okyu-teate
first aid
j_ kyukyu-bako first-
aid box
j__ kyukyu-setto
first-aid kit, emergency kit
110_ hyaku-to-ban police
j_ keisats police
____ kasai-hochiki
fire alarm
_ shobosho fire
brigade
__ shokaki fire
extinguisher
_Q| hinanguchi
emergency exit
}_| hijoguchi
emergency exit
g kosho breakdown
}____ hijo-
yobidashi emergency call
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}___ hijo-denwa
emergency telephone
Entertainment
g eigakan cinema,
movie theater
g eiga film, movie
[g seijin-eiga adult
film
.-
animeshon cartoon
g yoga Western film
qQ jimaku subtitles
+-_- rodosho
special release
_J joei-chu now
showing
_g kaijo-jikan
opening time
j_ maeuri-ken advance
booking
gekijo theatre
| kippu ticket
|_ kippu-uriba
ticket office, box office
seki seat
_ zaseki seat
___ zaseki-bango
seat number
__ shiteiseki reserved
seat
__ shitei-ken reserved
seat ticket
manseki all seats taken
manin full
geki play, drama
{ jidai-geki historical
play or film
qp Teikoku-Gekijo
Imperial Theatre
g}[_ Kabuki-za
kabuki theatre
p_ Kokuritsu-Gekijo
National Theatre
q Bunraku traditional
puppet theatre
_ No Noh play
__ Kyogen traditional
comic drama
g}[ Kabuki traditional
drama from the Edo period
disuko disco
___
naito-kurabu nightclub
-
hosutesu-ba hostess bar
__ karaoke karaoke
bar
_[ miseinen-
okotowari minors not
admitted
_j_
miseinensha-nyujo-muko
minors not admitted
pachinko pinball
-- gemu-
senta amusement arcade
-_
takisshu basu Turkish bath
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Ferry, Boat
Services
j-_ kyumei-boto
lifeboat
| feri ferry; ferry
service
__ hoba-
kurafuto hovercraft
J_ suichu-yokusen
hydrofoil
Forms
j yoshi form
-_ anketo
questionnaire
-)_
__\ borupen de
gokinyu kudasai write in ink
shimei full name
j onamae name
_ jusho address
{_ taizaijusho
address during stay
__ renrakusaki contact
address
nenrei age
_][ seinen-gappi
date of birth
p kokuseki nationality
_ shokugyo occupation
-___
pasupoto-bango passport
number
___ ryoken-bango
passport number
;p[___j_
gaikoku-
jin-toroku-shomeisho foreign
residents ID card, alien
registration card
[_j_
mibun-shomeisho ID card
____[ shuppatsu-
yoteibi intended date of
departure
{[ taizai-nissu
length of stay
_ hakusu length of visit
[g
honichi-mokuteki purpose of
visit
_ go-shome signature
)_ sain signature
Garages
|_
gasorin-sutando petrol
station, (US) gas station
| gasorin petrol,
(US) gas
sekiyu petrol, (US) gas
] keiyu diesel
__hai-oku high
octane
-- supa super,
premium
_- regyura
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regular unleaded
__) oiru oil
j toyu paraffin, kerosene
____ jidosha-
seibi-kojo auto repairs
_ sensha car wash
|_ ryokin fee, charge
[| yuryo fee, charge
j|_] muryotenken
free inspection
j| muryo no charge
_])-_ tenken-
sabisu service
__ taiya-
chekku tyre check, (US) tire
check
mizu water
a eya air
Geographical
Terms
misaki cape, promontory
p kuni country
mori forest
__ onsen hot spring
shima island
mizumi lake
__ chizu map
_ yama mountain
__ sammyaku mountain
range
hanto peninsula
| kawa river
umi sea
_ chojo summit
tani valley
__ kazan volcano
taki waterfall
shi town, city
| mura village
y ken prefecture
j higashi east
kita north
_ chiho region, area
minami south
nishi west
Kansai Kansai Region
(Osaka etc)
j Kanto Kanto Region
(Tokyo etc)
Hairdressers,
Beauty Salon
j biyoin hairdressers,
beauty salon
_ tokoya barbers shop
__ rihatsuten barbers
shop
_--)+
byuti-saron beauty salon
+-___ buro-dorai
blow dry
_ katto cut
j_ chohatsu cut
_)
heya-sutairu hairstyle
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_heya-setto set
\-_
shampu-set-to shampoo and
set
__ sempatsu wash
._ manikyua
manicure
)- massaji
massage
Health
_ isha doctor
Q_ haisha dentist
_ in (small) hospital
byoin hospital
shinryojo clinic
_ hokenjo public
health centre
shinryo consultation
g shinryo-jikan
consultation hours
Hiring, Renting
]_ kashi-
hire, rental
]__g kashi-jitensha
bicycle hire
]__ kashi-boto
boat hire
]__ kashi-jidosha
car rental
- rentaka car
rental
]___ kashibeya room
to let
g]_ jikan-gashi
hourly rental
_ atama-kin deposit
q_ tetsukekin deposit
__\ kyori-barai
payment by distance
g_\ jikan-barai
payment by the hour
))-_
rentaru-sabisu rental service
_]| ni-di-ke two rooms
and dining kitchen
Hotels
) hoteru hotel
_ minshuku guesthouse
__)
bijinesu-hoteru business
hotel
))
kapuseru- hoteru capsule
hotel
_ ryokan traditional inn
__kaikei-gakari cashier
+_ furonto
reception
_ uketsuke reception
+_- robi lobby
[q___\[
Nihon-Kotsu-Kosha Japan
Travel Bureau
_q dantai group
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_ yoyaku reservations
__ heya room
__ washitsu Japanese-
style room
_ yoshitsu Western-style
room
_ reibo air-conditioning
ofuro bath
_.)-
dainingu-rumu dining room
__ shokudo dining room
| inryosui drinking
water
nomimizu drinking
water
|-. kuriningu
dry-cleaning
dambo heating
__ onsen hot spring
_ raunji lounge
)-)-_
rumu-sabisu room service
__ denwa telephone
_Q_g jido-hambaiki
vending machine
Japanese
Culture and
Festivals (see also
Public Holidays)
jin temple
tera temple
_ jinja shrine
__ sumo traditional
Japanese wrestling
_] Shogatsu New Year
_ Setsubun Bean-
Throwing Festival (3
February)
_ Hina-matsuri Girls
Festival, Doll Festival (3
March)
__ Hanami Cherry
Blossom Viewing
__ Hana-matsuri
Buddhas Birthday (8 April)
_ Tanabata Star Festival
(7 July)
_ Obon Bon Festival,
Buddhist festival celebrated
in summer
___ Shichigosan
Festival for 3, 5 and 7 year
olds (15 November)
| Kurisumasu
Christmas
j bijutsukan art
gallery
j_hakbutsukan
museum
__ onsen hot spring
ofuro public bath
Lifts (Elevators)
a-- erebeta
lift, elevator
-kai floor, storey
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_ chikai basement
ikkai ground floor,
(US) first floor
_ nikai first floor, (US)
second floor
_ tein capacity
manin full
[ hei close
kai open
_ ue up
shita down
}__ hijoteishi
emergency stop
}___ hijodenwa
emergency telephone
g kosho out of order
Medicines
_[_ ichinichi -
jo tablets a day
_[[
ichinichi -kai times a
day
_Q shokugo after meals
gj shushinzen before
going to bed
_j shokuzen before meals
_gshokkan betweenmeals
_j_ fukuyohoho
directions for oral use
__ tekiryo dosage
_ saji spoonful(s)
_ jozai tablets
_| asupirin
aspirin
y chintsu-zai
painkiller
}_|_y
hi-pirin-kei-chintsu-zai
paracetamol
___+
sekidome-doroppu throat
lozenges
Months
] Ichigatsu January
_] Nigatsu February
_] Sangatsu March
] Shigatsu April
_] Gogatsu May
;] Rokgatsu June
_] Shichigatsu July
] Hachigatsu August
_] Kugatsu September
q] Jugatsu October
q] Juichigatsu
November
q_] Junigatsu
December
Notices on Doors
|iriguchi entrance, way in
_| deguchi exit, way out
__ jido-doa
automatic door
_ hiku pull
| osu push
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_J eigyochu open
_ hiraku to open
kai open
[ hei closed
[__tojiru to close, to shut
[ kyujitsu closed
_J eigyochu open for
business
Jj nenju-mukyu
open all year round
]Q_[ Getsu-yo-
teikyubi closed on Mondays
[_[ nichi-saijitsu-
yasumi closed on Sundays
and National Holidays
q[_ honjitsu-kyugyo
closed today
_[ teikyubi closed for
holidays
}__| hijodeguchi
emergency exit
}_| hijoguchi
emergency exit
_Q| hinanguchi
emergency exit
_g_ kaiho-genkin
keep closed
[ nyujo
okotowari no admittance
_;,_
[__ kankeisha igai no
tachiiri kinshi no admittance
for unauthorized personnel
_[__
tachiiri-kinshi no entry
Phones
__ denwa phone
_q__ koshudenwa
public phone
__
denwa-bokksu phone booth
p____ Kokusai-
Denshin-Denwa Overseas
Telecommunications Service
-_
terehon-kado phonecard
__{denwadai call charge
__| tsuwaryo call charge
_q kokanshu operator
__gdenwacho directory
naisen extension
____ denwabango
phone number
p__ kokusai-denwa
international call
__ shinai-denwa
local call
____ chokyori-
denwa long-distance call
;__ shigai-denwa
out-of-town call
fakkusu fax;
fax machine
Place Names
_ Hakone
_ Hiroshima
_ Hokkaido
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q) Honshu
| Ise
_ Kamakura
) Kobe
__ Kyoto
_) Kyushu
_ Nagasaki
__ Nagoya
__ Nara
[_ Nikko
_Q Osaka
p Shikoku
j_ Tokyo
] Yokohama
Post Office
Qyubinkyoku post
office
yubinkyoku no maku
symbol for Japanese post
office
_| madoguchi counter
|q kitte stamp
q tegami letter
_ kozutsumi parcel,
package
__j koku-shokan
aerogramme
_Q kokubin airmail
__ sokutatsu express mail
__kakitome registered
mail
_Q funabin sea mail
))Q sarubin surface
mail, overland mail
_ jusho address
_ atena addressee
|_ insatsubutsu
printed matter
_ tomeoki poste restante,
general delivery
_ kawase money order
_ chiho out of town
;p gaikoku-muke
overseas mail
_[ tokunai to other
parts of Toyko
_y tafuken to other
prefectures
Public Holidays
[ shukujitsu public
holiday
_[Ganjitsu New Years
Day
[,[ Sejin-no-hi
Coming-of-Age Day (2nd
Monday in January)
_p__[ kenkoku-
kinembi National
Foundation Day (11 February)
,[ shum-bunno-hi
Vernal Equinox
_[,[ midori-no-hi
The Greenery Day (29 April)
____[
kempokinembi Constitution
Day (3 May)
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_,[ kodomo-no-hi
Boys Festival, Childrens
Day (5 May)
,[ Sea Day (20 July)
_,[ keiro-no-hi
Respect the Aged Day (15
September)
,[ shubunno-hi
Autumnal Equinox
q,[ taiiku-no-hi
Sports Day (2nd Monday in
October)
_,[ bunka-no-hi
Culture Day (3 November)
___,[
kinrokansha-no-hi Labour
Thanksgiving Day (23
November)
]___[Tenno-tanjobi
The Emperors Birthday (23
December)
Restaurants,
Cafs and Bars
__ shokudo restaurant
|_ ryori-ya restaurant
__ restoran
restaurant
_ kappo upmarket
restaurant
|_ ryotei upmarket
restaurant
__ washoku Japanese
restaurant
J|| chuka-ryori
Chinese restaurant
]_ tempura restaurant
specializing in deep-fried
food
|_ koryori-ya small
restaurant usually serving
local dishes
g_ meshi-ya small local
restaurant
] sushi-dokoro sushi
restaurant
__|_shojin-ryori-ya
vegetarian restaurant
_ shokji-dokoro very
small local restaurant
_J eigyo-chu meals
being served
__ teishoku set meal
j soba noodles
_- ramen Chinese
noodles
_ okaikei cashier
_kissaten coffee shop
]_ keishoku-kissa
coffee shopservinglight meals
]_ keishoku snackbar
snakku
snackbar
- snakkuba
snackbar
- ba bar
_ izaka-ya bar,
serving local cuisine
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_ nomi-ya bar,
serving food, often from a
mobile stall
Road Signs
___ sasetsu-kinshi
no left turn
__ usetsu-kinshi no
right turn
__ teisha-kinshi no
stopping
___ tsuko-kinshi no
through traffic
___ tsuko-dome no
through traffic
_-___
spido o otose reduce speed
___ saiko-sokudo
maximum speed
__ dorokoji road
under construction
_J koji-chu road works
_-kyukabu sharp
bend
joko slow
__ ittan-teishi stop
_ ittan-teisha stop
__ tomare stop
_,_-_)
kono saki hyaku-metoru 100
metres ahead
jiko accident
__ chui caution
__ kiken danger
[[_ mawari-michi
diversion, detour
__ kosokudoro
expressway
p_ kokudo national
motorway/highway
[|_ yuryodoro toll
road
|_ ryokin fee
[| yuryo fee charged
j| muryo no charge
__ kosaten junction,
intersection
q honsen lane for
through traffic
| fumikiri level crossing,
railroad crossing
g chushajo car park,
parking lot
}_gq hijo-
chusha-tai emergency
parking area
__[ ichiji-azukari
short-term parking
g__ chusha-kinshi
no parking
mansha car park/
parking lot full
Shopping
_ -ya
shop/store
_ -ten
shop/store
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reji cash desk, cashier
_ kaikei cashier
_ okanjo pay here
___ kottohin-ten
antique shop, curiosity shop
_-_j_ odio-
seihin audio and hi-fi
equipment
_ pan-ya bakers
q_ hon-ya bookshop,
bookstore
__ shoten bookshop,
bookstore
|_ niku-ya butchers
-__keki-ya cake shop
__ kamera-ya
camera shop
__[_
kodomofuku(-uriba)
childrens wear
[_ toki china
)__ setomono-ya
china shop
_kissaten coffee shop
___ okashi-ya
confectioners, candy store
_[_ keshohin cosmetics
-_ depato
department store
|-._
kuriningu-ten dry cleaners
_j_ denki-seihin
electrical goods
__ denki-ya electrical
goods shop
__ sakana-ya fishmonger
__ hana-ya florist
__ shokuhin food
__ kudamono-ya fruit
shop
__yao-ya greengrocers
_|__ shokuryohin-ten
grocers
___ kanamono-ya
hardware store
_ kimono kimonos
__ baiten kiosk
_j_ daidokoro-yohin
kitchen goods
j[_[_ fujin-
fuku(-uriba) ladies wear
department
___|-
laundromat
ichiba market
y__[_
shinshifuku(-uriba) menswear
department
_ saka-ya off-licence,
liquor store
_[_
megane(-ten) optician
_ kosui perfumery
__ kusuri-ya pharmacy
_ yakkyoku pharmacy
_ shashin-ya
photography shop
-__ rekodo-ten
record shop, music store
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_q_ furuhon-ya second-
hand bookshop/bookstore
Q_ kutsu-ya shoe shop
___ miyage-ten
souvenir shop
-j__
spotsu-yohin-ten sports
shop
]_ bumbogu-ya
stationery shop
-- supa supermarket
__ omocha-
uriba toy department
__ omocha-ya
toy shop
_{_
ryokodairi-ten travel agency
___ ryokogaisha
travel agency
_ shitagi-uriba
underwear department
q_\_
_\ ote o furenaide
kudasai please do not touch
- bagen bargains
__[__ ouridashi
bargains, sale
-) seru sale
-)_J
seru-jisshi-chu sale now on
jQ_
tokubetsu-kakaku special
price
_oseibo year-end gifts
___[__ saimatsu-
uridashi year-end sale
J_ ochugen mid-
summer presents
a--
esukareta escalator
-kai floor
__ okjo roof
Streets and
Roads
rosen lane
_ doro road
_ kansen-doro
arterial road, trunk road
__ kosoku-doro
motorway, highway
_\__ oikoshi-sen
lane for overtaking
_ hiroba square
Taxis
- takushi taxi
Q[- kojin-
takushi mini-cab
-
takushi-noriba taxi rank
_ kusha for hire, free
|_--
ryokin-meta fare meter
g[j_|_
yakan-warimashi-ryokin late-
night fare
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__ jido-doa
automatic door
Timetables
jikokhyo timetable,
schedule
g tochak arrival
__ shuppats departure
_ hassha departure
_ homen direction
_ ikisaki destination
noriba boarding
platform/track
_ iki bound
for
_ keiyu via
sen line
Toilets
_qQ koshu benjo
public toilet
_[_ keshoshits toilet,
rest room
q_\ otearai toilet(s),
rest room(s)
__toire toilet, rest room
Q benjo toilet, rest room
_j danshi-yo gents
toilet, mens room
[_j joshi-yo ladies
toilet, ladies room
y_j shinshi-yo gents
toilet, mens room
j[j fujin-yo ladies
toilet, ladies room
otoko men
[ onna women
QjJ shiyo-chu
occupied, engaged
_ aki vacant
Train Types
_ densha train
j ressha train
[ shinkansen bullet
train
_ kyuko express
_[ hikari fastest bullet
train
__ futsu local slow train
stopping at all stations
q_ junkyu semi-express
__ kodama slower
bullet train
j_ tokbets-kyuko
super express with limited
stops only
_ tokkyu super express
with limited stops only
|- gurin-sha
green car (first class)
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Train and
Underground
Travel
_ tetsdo railway, railroad
_ shitets private railway
j eki station
-ken ticket
| kipp ticket
[ kaisuken book of
tickets
_ teiki-ken season
ticket
j_ maeuri-ken advance
sale tickets
_ yoyak reservations
__\ shiteiseki
(-ken) reserved seat (ticket)
__ jiyuseki unreserved
seat
|_kipp-uriba ticket
office; ticket vendingmachine
_| madoguchi ticket
window
__| shussats-guchi
ticket window
_[,_| midori no
madoguchi first-class ticket
window
|_ ryokinhyo table of
charges
__ unchinhyo table of
fares
_[ otona adult
_ kodomo child
_q dantai group
Q[ kojin individual
g_| kaisats-guchi ticket
barrier
nyujoken platform
ticket
- hom platform, (US)
track
_ -bansen
platform , (US) track
_ zaseki seat
seki seat
[_ yuko valid
j_ muko not valid
[[g_
-en-kukan-yuki for
destinations within the -
yen zone (eg 200-yen zone)
j_j_ gesha-
zento-muko after alighting,
not valid for further travel
___[g[[_
hatsbai-tojits-kagiri-yuko
valid only on day of
purchase
_ seisanjo excess fare
office
g tochak arrival(s)
_ hassha departure(s)
__ shuppats departure(s)
[__| norikae-guchi
this way for changing trains
shasho conductor
_ -go-sha
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carriage
__ shokdo-sha dining
car
manin full
{_nimots luggage, baggage
_+- koin-
rokka coin-operated locker
__[
ichiji-azkari-jo left luggage
office, baggage checkroom
__ ishitsbuts-
toriatskai-jo lost property
office, lost and found
__ owasure-mono
lost property, lost and found
j__ machiai-shits
waiting room
__ chizu map
_Q_hidarigawa-tsuko
keep to the left
Q_ migigawa-tsuko
keep to the right
j| higashi-guchi east exit
(or entrance)
| kita-guchi north exit
(or entrance)
| minami-guchi south
exit (or entrance)
| nishi-guchi west exit
(or entrance)
_ chikatets
underground, (US) subway
Youth Hostels
.-)
yus-hosteru youth hostel
_ daidokoro kitchen
_ kitchin kitchen
___|-
laundromat
__ baiten shop
\- shawa shower
Menu
Reader:
Food
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Contents
Essential Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
Basic Foods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
Basic Preparation and Cooking Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
Basic Set Meals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
Bean Curd Dishes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
Beef and Beef Dishes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240
Biscuits, Cakes, Crackers and Sweets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240
Chicken, Poultry etc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
Chinese Food . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
Condiments, Herbs, Spices and Pickles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242
Desserts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242
Eggs and Egg Dishes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
Fish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244
Fish Dishes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
Fruit, Nuts and Seeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246
Lunch Boxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246
Meat and Meat Dishes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246
Menu Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
Noodles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
Pork and Pork Dishes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
Rice and Rice Dishes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
Salads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250
Snacks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250
Soups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250
Starters and Appetizers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
Sushi Dishes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
Vegetables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252
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Essential Terms
bowl chawan
chopsticks hashi __
cup kapp
dessert dezato )-_
fork fok -
fried rice chahan \-
glass kopp
knife naif _
menu menyu .-
noodles menrui __Q
plate sara _
rice (boiled) gohan ___
soup sup -
soy sauce shoyu _
spoon spun -
table teburu -)
excuse me!
chotto sumimasen!
___
could I have the bill, please?
okanjo o onegai shimas
__Q\__
Basic Foods
pan bread
- bata butter
_ miso fermented
soybean paste
\ kechappu
ketchup
abura oil
__ kosho pepper
_ shio salt
_ shoyu soy sauce
__ sato sugar
Basic
Preparation and
Cooking Methods
-_-__
babekyu shita barbecued
_ yudeta boiled
_y__ donabe de
nita casseroled
__ nita cooked
y,_ ageta deep-fried
__ hoshita dried
\_ yaita grilled
__ tsuketa pickled
+-___ rosto
shita roast
__ mushita steamed
___ nikonda stewed
|__ itameta stir-fried
___,__
tsumemono shita stuffed
Basic Set Meals
with rice, soup, pickles and
main dish of meat or fish
[_[__ higawari-
teishoku set meal of the day
____ tempura-
teishoku set meal with
deep-fried prawns
__ unagi-
teishoku set meal with eel
___ yakizakana-
teishoku set meal with fried
fish
|__ yakiniku-
teishoku set meal with
grilled meat
_____ tonkatsu-
teishoku set meal with pork
[__ sashimi-
teishoku set meal with raw
fish
Bean Curd Dishes
_ tofu bean curd
y, abura-age deep-
fried bean curd
[q dengaku grilled
bean curd on a wooden
skewer
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Beef and Beef
Dishes
@| gyuniku beef
_- bifu beef
___sukiyaki beef and
vegetables cooked with soy
sauce in a pot at the table
[_ teppanyaki
beef and vegetables grilled
at the table
@___
gyushogayaki beef cooked
in soy sauce with ginger
@j[_ gyuteriyaki
beef cooked in soy sauce
and sake
__ bifuteki beef
steak
| yakiniku fried beef
marinated in soy sauce
+-__- rosto-
bifu roast beef
)-+_ saroin sirloin
____
shabushabu sliced beef with
vegetables boiled at the
table
-_ steki steak
Biscuits, Cakes,
Crackers and
Sweets
__ bisuketto
biscuits, cookies
_- kukki biscuits,
cookies
-_ keki cake
___ wata-ame
candy floss, cotton candy
--_ chizu-keki
cheesecake
-_ chokoreto
chocolate
__ okashi
confectionery
-|-
shukurimu cream puff
_- donattsu
doughnut
a ekurea clair
___ wagashi Japanese-
style confectionery
__ okoshi popped
rice confectionery
___\ zenzai rice
cake with sweet bean
sauce
_ mochi rice cakes
__\ shio-sembei
rice crackers flavoured with
salt
_\ sembei rice
crackers flavoured with soy
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sauce
___ manju rice-
flour cakes with sweet bean
paste
___ yokan soft,
sweet bean paste
-_-_ shoto-
keki sponge cake with fresh
cream and strawberries
_ kasutera sponge
cake
___ oshiruko sweet
bean soup with rice cake
__ kuzumochi
triangles of arrowroot
jelly in brown sugar
syrup
__ monaka wafers
filled with sweet bean paste
Chicken, Poultry
etc
_| toriniku chicken
_| tori-ryori poultry
dishes
___[ yakitori
barbecued chicken on a
skewer
__ sasami breast
_ gacho goose
__ kiji pheasant
uzura quail
+-__ rosto-
chikin roast chicken
__ shchimencho
turkey
Chinese Food
J|| Chuka-ryori
Chinese-style cuisine
q__ mabodofu bean
curd in spicy sauce
__ kanitama crab
omelette
_, kara-age deep-
fried pieces of pork or
chicken
____ harumaki deep-
fried spring rolls
_ gyoza fried
dumplings stuffed with
minced pork
__ happosai fried
pork with vegetables
\- chahan fried
rice
]_|_ yasai-itame
fried vegetables
|__ nikudango
meatballs
____ yakisoba
noodles fried in a wok
_- ramen noodles
in bouillon
\--
chashumen noodles in
bouillon with slices of
pork
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__- miso-
ramen noodles in bouillon
with fermented soybean
paste
tammen noodles
in bouillon with vegetables
wantammen pork
dumplings, served in
bouillon with noodles
-_ shumai
steamed pork meatballs in
thin pastry
__ subuta sweet and
sour pork
Condiments,
Herbs, Spices
and Pickles
g_ umeboshi dried,
pickled sour Japanese
plums
_ natto fermented
soybeans
__ shoga ginger
_ mitsuba Japanese
coriander
__ shiso Japanese basil
_- mayonezu
mayonnaise
__ karashi mustard
| paseri parsley
__ kosho pepper
_
doresshingu salad dressing
_ shio salt
_ shoyu soy sauce
___-
tonkatsu-sosu thick sweet
fruity sauce
g su vinegar
___ takuan yellow
radish pickles
Desserts
|-_ dezato desserts
)_ appuru-
pai apple pie
-__
|-chokoreto-aisu-
kurimu chocolate ice cream
-_-
chokoreto-musu chocolate
mousse
-_)
- chokoreto-sande
chocolate sundae
-_-|- kohi-
zeri coffee-flavoured jelly
- kurepu crepe
__ uji-gori crushed ice
with green tea syrup
__ uji-kintoki
crushed ice with green tea
syrup and sweet bean paste
_ kori-remon
crushed ice with lemon
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syrup
_+ kori-meron
crushed ice with melon
syrup
_\_ kori-ichigo
crushed ice with
strawberry syrup
__ kori-azki
crushed ice with sweet
bean paste
)-)_ frutsu-
sarada fruit cocktail, fruit
salad
)-|- frutsu-
zeri fruit jelly
__ mitsumame
gelatin cubes and sweet
bean paste with pieces of
fruit
_ ammitsu
gelatin cubes with sweet
bean paste and pieces of
fruit
_|- aisu-
kurimu ice cream
|- zeri jelly
_ remon-pai
lemon pie
remon-
sufure lemon souffl
- musu mousse
\-_ shabetto
sorbet
_+|-_
|-storoberi-aisu-
kurimu strawberry ice cream
_+|-)
- storoberi-sande
strawberry sundae
| purin caramel
custard
.__|-
banira-aisu-kurimu
vanilla ice cream
-)_ yoguruto
yoghurt
Eggs and Egg
Dishes
tamago egg
__ kanitama crab
omelette
____ medama-yaki
fried egg
___ yude-tamago
hard-boiled egg
_ omuretsu
omelette
_____ tamago-yaki
Japanese-style omelette
___ omuraisu
omelette with rice
_____ otoshi-
tamago poached egg
_ chawammushi
savoury custard with egg
and fish
___ hanjuku-
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tamago soft-boiled egg
___- tamago-
supu soup with egg
____ tamago-dofu
steamed egg
Fish
_ awabi abalone
j akagai ark shell
__ fugu blowfish
_ mirugai boiled
round clams
_ katsuo bonito,
tunny
_\ koi carp
___[ hamaguri clams
_ tara cod
__ tarako cod roe
_ anago conger eel
__ shijimi corbicula
__ kani crab
_ karasumi dried
mullet roe
unagi eel
_ hirame flatfish
_ tobi-uo flying
fish
___\ kimme-dai
gold-eyed bream
___ nishin herring
_,_ kazunoko
herring roe
_ aji horse mackerel
_, kurage jellyfish
____ taraba-gani
king crab
__ dojo loach
\_ ise-ebi lobster
__ saba mackerel
J_+ chu-toro medium
fatty tuna
__ anko
monkfish
-)muru-gai mussels
__ tako octopus
__ kaki oyster
___ samma Pacific
saury
__ kamasu pike,
barracuda
____ kuruma-ebi
prawns
___ nijimasu
rainbow trout
[ sashimi raw fish
_\ tairagi razor
shell ligament
_ sake salmon
__ ikura salmon roe
\__ iwashi sardines
_ tachi-uo
scabbard fish
__ hotategai scallops
[ kai-bashira scallops
_ suzuki sea bass
_\ tai sea bream
__ hamo sea eel
_ kisu sea smelt
_ uni sea urchin
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__ same shark
_[ asari short-necked
clam
_ ebi shrimps, prawns
___ shishamo smelt
-)-
sumoku-samon smoked
salmon
_+ toro soft, fatty pink
belly of tuna
___ shita-birame
sole
\_ ika squid
ayu sweet smelt
___ kajiki swordfish
___ sazae top-shell
__ namako trepang
_ masu trout
__ maguro tuna
_\ karei turbot
__ suppon turtle
__ fuka type of shark
__ kujira whale
_ shirasu whitebait
_[ buri yellowtail
Fish Dishes
__| fugu-ryori
blowfish cuisine
____ kabayaki
broiled eel
unaju broiled eel
on rice
] unadon broiled eel
on rice in a bowl
]___ robata-yaki
charcoal-grilled fish and
vegetables
_,___ aji no
tataki chopped raw horse
mackerel, mild ginger and
herbs
__ tempura deep-
fried seafood and
vegetables
____ takoyaki
dumplings with small
pieces of octopus
y_ nabemono fish and
vegetables cooked in a pot
at the table
y yosenabe fish and
vegetables cooked in a pot
at the table
[ sashimi raw fish
_ sushi raw fish on rice
balls
___ fugu-sashi raw
sliced blowfish
_] tekkadon rice in a
bowl topped with slices of
raw tuna
__[ fugu-chiri
shredded blowfish in
vegetable chowder
_oden vegetables
and fish dumplings stewed
in a thin soy soup, served
hot
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Fruit, Nuts and
Seeds
__, kudamono fruit
)- frutsu fruit
-_ amondo
almonds
[__ ringo apple
banana banana
____ sakurambo
cherries
_[ kuri chestnuts
kokonattsu
coconut
\__ ichijiku figs
__ ginnan gingko
nuts
-)-
grepu-frutsu grapefruit
__ budo grapes
_ ume Japanese plum
remon lemon
+ meron melon
_ orenji orange
__ momo peach
_- pinattsu
peanuts
_ nashi pear
__ kaki persimmon,
sharon fruit
_)
painappuru pineapple
__ sumomo plum
__ zakuro
pomegranate
__ goma sesame seeds
\_ ichigo strawberries
__ mikan tangerine
__ kurumi walnuts
\_ suika watermelon
Lunch Boxes
]_ bento boxed lunch
Q,]_ makunouchi-
bento boxed lunch with
rice, meat and vegetables
Meat and Meat
Dishes (see also beef,
chicken, poultry etc and pork)
| niku meat
- bekon bacon
-_- babekyu
barbecue
+-)_\ roru-
kyabetsu cabbage rolls filled
with minced meat
_| abaraniku chops
+ korokke
croquettes
katsuretsu
cutlets
y, kushi-age deep-
fried meat on skewers
_| hireniku fillet
ham ham
- hambagu
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hamburger
]_ jinzo kidney
_ ramu lamb
- reba liver
|__ nikudango meat-
filled dumplings
_| hikiniku minced
beef, pork or chicken
_ maton mutton
_ honetsuki on the
bone
-- soseji
sausage
q|,_ ramu-
no-kushiyaki skewered lamb
| speyarib
spare ribs
__y chanko-nabe
thick meat and vegetable
stew
tan tongue
motsu tripe
@| koushi-niku veal
Menu Terms
.- menyu menu
j nami cheaper selection
q[,__
honjitsu no osusume-hin
chef s speciality of the day
J|| Chuka-ryori
Chinese-style cuisine
|-_ dezato desserts
_ jo expensive selection
_| Fransu-
ryori French-style cuisine
__, kudamono fruit
_|| Itaria-ryori
Italian-style cuisine
[q| Nihon-ryori
Japanese-style cuisine
Q| kaiseki-ryori
Japanese haute cuisine
_- mein-
kosu main course
| niku meat
_| kyodo-ryori
regional specialities
- supu soups
_-_) odoburu
starters, appetizers
]_ yasai vegetables
__| shojin-ryori
vegetarian cuisine
| seiyo-ryori
Western-style cuisine
Noodles
__ soba buckwheat
noodles
__ udon thick
noodles made from
wheatflour
___ shirataki
translucent, thin noodles
made from potato flour
___ somen very
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thin wheatflour vermicelli
served cold with soy-sauce
dipping sauce
____ yakisoba
Chinese noodles fried in a
wok
_- ramen Chinese
noodles in bouillon
\--
chashumen Chinese
noodles in bouillon with
slices of pork
__- miso-
ramen Chinese noodles in
bouillon with fermented
soybean paste
\ champon
Chinese noodles in salted
bouillon with vegetables
]__ ten-zaru cold
noodles served with deep-
fried shrimps
__J| hiyashi-chuka
cold noodles with slices of
meat and vegetables in
vinegary sauce
______
zaru-soba/udon cold
noodles with sweet soy
sauce for dipping
____ kakitama
noodles and egg in fish
soup
___ gomoku-soba
noodles in bouillon with
vegetables and meat
-_ kare-namban
noodles in curry-flavoured
soup with pork or beef
___ tororo-soba
noodles in fish bouillon
garnished with grated yam
]_____
tsukimi-soba/udon noodles
in fish bouillon with a raw
egg
Q_ kamo-namban
with chicken
______
kitsune-soba/udon noodles
in fish bouillon with deep-
fried bean curd
____ tempura-
soba noodles in fish
bouillon with deep-fried
shrimps
______
okame-soba/udon noodles
in fish bouillon with fish
dumplings
______
nameko-soba/udon noodles
in fish bouillon with
Japanese small mushrooms
|_ niku-namban
with pork or beef
_______
tanuki-soba/udon noodles in
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fish bouillon with small
pieces of deep-fried
batter
_____
_ ankake-soba/udon
noodles in thick bouillon
with fish dumplings and
vegetables
Pork and Pork
Dishes
]| butaniku pork
- poku pork
___ tonkatsu deep-
fried pork cutlets
_] katsudon deep-
fried pork on rice
_]| honetsuki-
butaniku pork chop
]___ buta-
shogayaki pork cooked in
soy sauce with ginger
- katsukare
pork cutlets with curry
]j[_ buta-teriyaki
pork cooked in soy sauce
and sake
+-_- rosto-
poku roast pork
-_ batayaki
sliced pork (or beef) fried
in butter
Rice and Rice
Dishes
___ gohan rice
__ raisu rice
unaju broiled eel
on rice
]_ dommono bowl of
rice with something on top
_] oyakodon
dom
mono with chicken

and egg
_] katsudon
dom
mono with deep-fried

breaded pork cutlet
]] tendon dom
mono
with deep-fried shrimps
] tamagodon
dom
mono with soft

scrambled eggs and onions
] unadon
dom
mono with broiled eel

J|] chukadon
dom
mono with pork and

vegetables
@] gyudon dom
mono
with sliced beef
\- chahan fried
rice
_[ onigiri riceballs
_ mochi rice cakes
ochazuke rice
in tea or fish bouillon
_g kamameshi rice
steamed in fish bouillon
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with pieces of meat, fish
and vegetables
___ chikin-rais
rice with chicken, cooked
in tomato sauce
-__ karerais
rice with curry-flavoured
stew
___ omurais rice
wrapped in a plain
omelette
___ hayashi-
rais diced beef in gravy on
rice
Salads
)_ sarada salad
_]_ nama-yasai salad
)_
mikkus-sarada mixed salad
_)_ poteto-
sarada potato salad
_
doresshingu salad dressing
Snacks
--- chizu-
baga cheeseburger
___ poteto-
frai chips, French fries
_ poteto-
chipu crisps, (US) potato
chips
-- hambaga
hamburger
)_ hamusando
ham sandwich
__
hottodoggu hotdog
____tomorokoshi
roasted corn on the cob
)__ sandoitchi
sandwich
spagetti
spaghetti
_-_ tosto toast
)_ tsunasando
tuna sandwich
Soups
- supu soups (usually
Western-style)
_ shirumono soups
(Japanese-style)
__ suimono clear fish
bouillon with meat, fish or
vegetable
__ sumashi-jiru
clear fish bouillon with
meat, fish or vegetable
-
konsome-supu consomm
]_,|--
yasai no kurimu-supu
cream of vegetable soup
_.__
- onion-guratan-
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supu onion soup au gratin
q_ misoshiru soup
with bean paste
- potaju thick
soup
__- tomato-
supu tomato soup
__ soba buckwheat
noodles in bouillon
__ udon thick
noodles made from
wheatflour in bouillon
_- ramen Chinese
noodles in bouillon
Starters and
Appetizers
_-_) odoburu
starters, appetizers
_ otsumami Jap-
anese-style starter/appetizer
_
asuparagasu asparagus
_\_ kyabia caviar
+| serori celery
___[ hamaguri clams
__ kani crab
)--
frutsu-jusu fruit juice
ham ham
___ nishin herring
\_ ise-ebi lobster
+ meron melon
)-
mashrumu mushrooms
__ kaki oysters
____ kuruma-ebi
prawns
_, sakana no tamago
roe
)_ sarada salad
)_ sarami salami
_ sake salmon
-- soseji
sausage
_ ko-ebi shrimps
__ maguro tuna
Sushi Dishes
_ sushi raw fish on
riceballs
_[_ nigiri-zushi raw
fish on seasoned riceballs
__ gomoku-zushi
mixed fish and vegetables
on rice
__ chirashi-
zushi mixed raw fish on
rice
|__ oshi-zushi sushi
cut in squares
___ saba-zushi sushi
with vinegared mackerel
____ kappa-maki
cucumber and seasoned
rice wrapped in seaweed
[___ oshinko-maki
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pickles and seasoned rice
wrapped in seaweed
q_ chakin-zushi
seasoned rice wrapped in
egg crepe
\[_ inari-zushi
seasoned rice wrapped in
deep-fried bean curd
,[__ norimaki sliced
roll of rice, vegetables or
cooked gourd wrapped in
seaweed
___ tekka-maki
tuna and seasoned rice
wrapped in seaweed
__ wasabi very spicy
horseradish served with
sushi
Vegetables
]_ yasai vegetables
_ azuki adzuki beans
_
asuparagasu asparagus
nasu aubergine,
eggplant
_ abokado
avocado
__\_ yaki-imo baked
yam
_,_ takenoko
bamboo shoots
__ shinachiku
bamboo shoots cooked in
soy sauce, sugar and sesame
oil
__ mame beans
___ moyashi bean
sprouts
_- bitsu beet
__\ tensai beetroot
___ edamame
boiled green soybeans
__ ohitashi boiled
spinach with seasoning
___ soramame
broad beans
+| burokkori
broccoli
___ shimeji brown
button mushrooms
_\ mekyabetsu
Brussels sprouts
__ gobo burdock root
_\ kyabetsu
cabbage
____ ninjin carrot
|_- karifrawa
cauliflower
+| serori celery
__ puchi-tomato
cherry tomatoes
| chikori chicory
_ hakusai Chinese
cabbage
j shungiku chrysanth-
emum greens
____
tomorokoshi corn on the
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cob
_-. zukkini
courgette, zucchini
_[ kyuri cucumber
__ kampyo
dried gourd shavings
_\_ shitake dried
mushrooms
,[ nori dried seaweed
__ nameko edible
fungus
__, kikurage edible
tree fungus
a- endibu
endive
__ kimpira fried
burdock root and carrot
____ ninniku garlic
___ shishito green
chilli pepper
_- piman green
pepper
__\_,_ saya-
ingen haricot beans
__ wasabi Japanese
green horseradish
__ matsutake
Japanese mushrooms, with
a distinctive aromatic
flavour
\_,___
ingemmame kidney beans
__ komatsuna leafy
cabbage
_ negi leeks
retasu lettuce
___ renkon lotus
root
__ kabocha
pumpkin, squash
)- mash-
rumu mushrooms (Western)
_,_ kinoko mushrooms
(general term)
___ karashina
mustard greens
_ okura okra
___ tamanegi onion
_____
endomame peas
_ poteto potato
__\_ jagaimo
potato
__\__
hatsuka-daikon radish
__ hijiki seaweed
cooked in soy sauce and
sugar
__ goma sesame seeds
\ daizu soybeans
___ horenso
spinach
_ nira spring onions
_ wakegi spring
onions
- kon sweetcorn
__\_ satsumaimo
sweet potato
__\_ satoimo taro
potato
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__ tomato tomato
__ kabu turnip
___ wakame type of
seaweed
___ kombu type of
seaweed
kureson
watercress
__ fuki wild butterbur
(green vegetable stalk)
__\_ yamaimo yam
_,_ enokidake
yellow button mushrooms
Menu
Reader:
Drink
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Contents
Essential Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258
Beer, Spirits,Wine etc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
Coffee,Tea etc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
Soft Drinks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260
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Essential Terms
beer biru _-)
bottle bin _
coffee kohi -_-
cup kappu
glass koppu
milk miruku )
mineral water mineraru-uota __)--
orange juice orenji-jusu _-
red wine aka-wain j_
rice wine sake
soft drink sofuto-dorinku __|
sugar sato __
tea kocha
(green) ocha
water mizu
white wine shiro-wain _
wine wain _
whisky uiski _-
a cup of , please
o hitotsu kudasai
____\
another beer, please
biru o mo hitotsu onegai shimasu
_-)___Q\__
a glass of sake
sake o ippai
_]
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Beer, Spirits,
Wine etc
_-) biru beer
_- brandi
brandy
\ shampen
champagne
[q__ Nihonshu
hiya chilled rice wine
__-) nama-biru
draught beer
_| karakuchi dry
jin gin
_. jin-toniku
gin and tonic
jin-fizu gin
fizz
[q Nihonshu
atsukan heated rice wine
|_-) rikyuru
liqueur
-. matini
martini
-__ poto-wain
port
j_ aka-wain red
wine
sake rice wine
_ jizake rice wine (local
variety)
] masuzake rice wine
served in wooden box cup
_ ramu rum
_|+ onza-
rokku scotch on the rocks
-|
spakuringu sparkling
_| amakuchi sweet
_.--
toniku-uota tonic
)_ berumotto
vermouth
j shochu very strong,
transparent, colourless spirit
uokka vodka
_- uiski whisky
[ mizuwari whisky
with water
_ shiro-wain
white wine
_ wain wine
Coffee, Tea etc
_ o-nomimono
beverages
__ gemmai-cha
ban-cha tea with roasted
rice
matcha bitter green
tea made of fine tea
powder
_-_-
buraku-kohi black coffee
kocha black tea,
similar to English tea
-+ uron-cha
Chinese tea
-_- kohi coffee
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ocha green tea
kokoa hot
chocolate
_- ais-ti iced
tea
_-_- ais-
kohi iced coffee
_ ban-cha inexpensive
tea with large leaves
- remon-ti
lemon tea
j sencha medium-
grade green tea
) miruk milk
y_ osato sugar
__ hojicha tea
made with roasted ban-cha
leaves
)- miruk-ti
tea with milk
)-_- miruk-
kohi white coffee, coffee
with milk
Soft Drinks
[__- ringo-
jus apple juice
-_-@_ kohi-
gyunyu coffee-flavoured
milk
-_ koka-kora
Coke
-_ kora cola
fanta Fanta
-)-
- gurep-fruts-jus
grapefruit juice
--
gurep-jus grape juice
- soda-sui green,
sweet soda pop
__ ohiya iced water
_-_ remonedo
lemonade
remon-skash lemon squash

+- meron-
jus melon juice
) miruk milk
__)--
mineraru-uota mineral water
_-
orenji-jus orange juice
_
orenji-skash orange squash
Pepusi Pepsi
_- pain-
jus pineapple juice
)_- saida soda pop
\_@_ ichigo-
gyunyu strawberry milk
__-
tomato-jus tomato juice
mizu water
_ korimizu water with
ice
How the
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Pronunciation
Throughout this book, Japanese words have been transliter-
ated into romanized form so that they can be read as though
they were English, bearing in mind the notes on pronunci-
ation given below.
a as in rather
e as in bed; e is always pronounced, even at the end of a word
i like the ee in feet, but slightly shorter
o as in not
u as in put
ae separate a followed by e, pronounced ah-eh
ai as in Thai
ei as in weight
ie separate ee followed by e, pronounced ee-eh
ue separate u followed by e, pronounced oo-eh
g hard g as in girl
s always as in mass (never z)
y as in yet
A bar over a vowel means that it is twice as long as a vowel
without a bar.
A dot (
) between two letters indicates a slight pause.

Note that ing in Japanese is pronounced more strongly than
in English.
In spoken Japanese the sounds u and i, in certain contexts, are
shortened and can become barely audible. In this book we show
u and i in italics to mean that their pronunciation is clipped. For
example, desu is pronounced as des.
Japanese is generally evenly stressed, with all syllables having
the same emphasis.
Abbreviations
f feminine pol polite
m masculine pl plural
ob. part. object particle sing singular
part. particle sub. part. subject particle
General
The Japanese language has a number of characteristics
which are very different from European languages, the most
important of these being that there are no changes for case,
number or gender and that verbs do not change according
to the person or number. Also, pronouns, both personal and
impersonal, are often omitted.
Another distinctive feature of Japanese is that small words
known as postpositional particles are used after a noun or
pronoun to indicate whether it is the subject, object or indi-
rect object of a sentence. See pages 269.
Articles
There is no equivalent in Japanese for either the definite
article the or the indefinite articles a and an. The exact
meaning of a word or phrase will be clear from the context.
Therefore, zasshi (magazine) can mean a magazine or the
magazine.
If you want to be more precise, you can use the demonstra-
tive adjectives sono/ano (that) or kono (this) with the appro-
priate word (see page 282).
The number hitots (one) (see page 286) can also be used to
translate a/an, but generally this is not necessary:
biru hitots, onegai shimas
[beer one please]
a beer, please
Nouns
Japanese nouns only have one form. Singular and plural
forms of nouns are the same and there are no distinctions for
gender (masculine/feminine/neuter). Therefore:
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hon can mean a book, the book, books, some books
or the books
biru can mean: a beer, the beer, beers, some beers or
the beers
Usually, what you mean will be perfectly clear from the con-
text. Where necessary, you can be more specific by using
numbers (see Counting, page 286).
Although the form of the noun itself does not change,
grammatical particles placed after the noun indicate
whether it is the subject, object or indirect object of a sen-
tence:
watashi no fakkusu wa todokimashita ka?
[I + possessive part. fax + sub. part. + arrived + question part.]
has my fax arrived yet?
fakkusu o okurimashita ka?
[fax + ob. part. + sent + question part.]
did you send the fax?
Wa and o are known as postpositional particles (see page 273).
One interesting aspect of many nouns is that they can be
changed into verbs by just adding suru (to do) or shimas
(polite form of to do). Thus, dokusho is the Japanese word
for reading, and doksho suru is the equivalent of to read.
Pronouns
Generally, pronouns are omitted in Japanese whenever pos-
sible, but occasionally it might be necessary to use them for
emphasis or to avoid misunderstanding. It should be remem-
bered that, on the whole, use of pronouns does not show
respect and should be avoided, especially when addressing
ones superiors. If it does become necessary to use a person-
al pronoun, the words listed in the sections that follow can
be used.
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Personal Pronouns
watashi I
bok I (m, fam)
watakshi I (pol)
anata you (sing)
kimi you (sing, fam, to a subordinate)
kare he
kanojo she
watashitachi we
anatatachi you (pl)
kimitachi you (pl, fam, to subordinates)
karera they (m)
kanojotachi they (f)
sorera they (inanimate objects)
watashi wa Igiris-jin des
[I + sub. part. + English am]
Im English
The subject of the sentence above is followed by the subject
particle wa (see page 270).
Care should also be taken not to address Japanese using
anata, the direct translation of you.The best way to say, for
example, where are you going? in Japanese, is to use the
persons name plus -san, instead of the word for you.
Another acceptable way to say this is to omit both you and
the name in Japanese.
Eigo o hanasemas ka?
[English + ob. part. + speak can + question part.]
do you speak English?
Nakada-san wa Frans-go o hanasemas ka?
[surname Mr + sub. part. + French + ob. part. + speak + question part.]
Mr Nakada, do you speak French?
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The form of the pronoun does not change, but there is a
change in the postpositional particle that is placed after the
pronoun; for direct object pronouns, use o instead of wa:
watashi o me
bok o me (m, fam)
watakshi o me (pol)
anata o you (sing)
kimi o you (sing, fam, to a subordinate)
kare o him
kanojo o her
watashitachi o us
anatatachi o you (pl)
kimitachi o you (pl, fam, to subordinates)
karera o them (m)
kanojotachi o them (f)
sorera o them (inanimate objects)
kare o yonde kimasho
[he + ob. part. + fetch]
Ill get him
It
Japanese has no word that is equivalent to the English pro-
noun it;it will be understood in phrases like the following:
doko desu ka? toi desu ka?
[where is + question part.] [far is + question part.]
where is it? is it far?
ame ga futte imasu
[rain + sub. part. + fall is]
its raining
If you really need to emphasise it, you can use sore, but this
is a demonstrative pronoun rather than a personal pronoun,
and actually means that:
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sore wa kare no kuruma des
[that + sub. part. + he + possessive part. + car is]
its his car
Demonstrative Pronouns
kore this (one); these (ones)
sore that (one); those (ones) (nearby or just mentioned)
are that (one); those (ones) (further away)
kore wa watashi no des sore dewa nak, kore des
[this + sub. part. + I of am] [that as for not this is]
this is mine not that one, this one
are wa takai des
[that + sub. part. + expensive is]
that one is expensive
See Demonstrative Adjectives, page 282.
Possessives
Possessive adjectives and pronouns are the same in Japanese.
To form the possessive, add the particle no to the pronoun:
watashi no my; mine
bok no my; mine (m, fam)
watakshi no my; mine (pol)
anata no your; yours (sing)
kimi no you (sing, fam, to a subordinate)
kare no his
kanojo no her; hers
watashitachi no our; ours
anatatachi no your; yours (pl)
kimitachi no you (pl, fam, to subordinates)
karera no their; theirs (m)
kanojotachi no their; theirs (f)
sorera no their; theirs (inanimate objects)
watashi no desu watashi no heya de
[I + possessive part. + be] [I + possessive part. + room in]
its mine in my room
The possessive is generally omitted if the meaning is clear
from the context:
handobaggu o nakushimashita
[handbag + ob. part. + lost]
Ive lost my handbag
In phrases like the one below, its more respectful to use the
possessive particle with the persons name or job title:
shacho no kuruma
[director + possessive part. + car]
the directors car
rather than:
kare no kuruma
[he + possessive part. + car]
his car
even if the English phrase doesnt use the name or title.
Postpositional Particles
Postpositional particles are small words that always follow
the word they relate to. They have two main functions:
a) They indicate whether a noun or pronoun is the sub-
ject, object or indirect object of a sentence.
b) They are the equivalent of certain English grammatical
elements, for example, prepositions (to, from, with etc),
constructions such as and,because,also, and they are
also used to indicate a question.
The following list shows the meanings of the various parti-
cles in brief; for further information and examples, see the
text that follows this list.
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ga follows the subject of a sentence, emphasises the
subject
wa follows the subject of a sentence
o follows the object of a sentence
ni follows the indirect object of a sentence; or means
on, in, to, at (referring to time and location)
e to (indicates motion towards); towards; until
made to; up to; until; as far as
kara from; since
de by, by means of; with; at; on; in (referring to loca-
tion)
to with, accompanied by; and, that
mo too, also; even; both ... and; neither ... nor
no of; possessive
ka? question particle
ne? question tag: isnt it?, havent we?, havent you? etc
Subject Particles
To indicate that a word is the subject of a sentence, the par-
ticles ga or wa are used:
onaka ga sukimashita ka?
[stomach + sub. part. + empty + question part.]
are you hungry?
The particle ga can indicate that the subject of the sentence
is more important than the text that follows. In English this
distinction can be achieved by tone of voice:
watashi ga ikimasu
[I + sub. part. + will go]
I will go, its me whos going (not anyone else)
watashi ga haraimasu
[I + sub. part. + pay]
Ill pay (nobody else has to pay)
If wa is used instead of ga, this gives less emphasis to the sub-
ject and more to the rest of the text:
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watashi wa Amerika-jin desu watashi wa gakusei desu
[I + sub. part. + American am] [I + sub. part. + student am]
Im American Im a student
Ga is often used if the verb is arimasu or imasu:
kyo wa sumo ga arimasu
[today + sub. part. + sumo + sub. part. + is]
theres a sumo match today
and wa is often used when the verb is des or a negative:
sore wa totemo omoshiroi desu
[that + sub. part. + very interesting is]
thats very interesting
watashi wa Igirisu-jin desu
[I + sub. part. + English am]
Im English
watashi wa ikimasen
[I + sub. part. + go + negative]
Im not going
kono hon wa omoshiroku nai desu
[this book + sub. part. + interesting not is]
this book is not interesting
Object Particle
The object particle o is placed after the object of the verb:
yoyaku o shite arimasu
[reservation + ob. part. + made]
I have a reservation
[English + ob. part. + speak can + question part.]
can you speak English?
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Indirect Object Particle
The particle ni is used to indicate an indirect object:
sensei ni wain o agemashita
[teacher + ind. ob. part. + wine + ob. part. + gave]
I gave the teacher a bottle of wine
Other Particles
The particle e indicates motion towards something:
Kobe e ikimasu
[Kobe to go]
Im going to Kobe
The particle made means to, up to, until or as far as:
kuko made, onegai shimasu
[airport to please]
to the airport, please
... made nan-kiro arimasu ka?
[... to how many kilometres is + question part.]
how many kilometres is it to ...?
Doyobi made
[Saturday until]
until Saturday
The particle kara means from or since:
Rondon kara Tokyo made senshu kara
[London from Tokyo to] [last week since]
from London to Tokyo since last week
The particle ni (as well as being the indirect object particle)
means on, in, to or at, referring to time or location:
Doyobi ni
[Saturday on]
on Saturday
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Hiruton hoteru ni tomatte imasu
[Hilton Hotel at staying]
Im staying at the Hilton Hotel
Tokyo ni oba ga sunde imasu
[Tokyo in aunt + sub. part. + lives]
my aunt lives in Tokyo
The particle de can mean by, by means of or with:
kuruma de basu de
[car by] [bus by]
by car by bus
kurejitto-kado de haraemasu ka?
[credit card by can pay + question part.]
de can also mean at, on or in, referring to location:
ba de suwatte imashita
[bar at was sitting]
he was sitting at the bar
depato no naka de aimasho
[department store of inside in meet lets]
Ill see you in the department store
The particle to means with, accompanying:
haha to kaimono shimasu
[mother with shopping do]
I go shopping with my mother
See page 284 for when to use to meaning and.
The particle mo can mean too, also or even:
kimi mo heya ni itano ka? watashi mo
[you too room in were + question part.] me too
were you in the room too?
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mo can also be used to translate both ... and (in a positive
statement) and neither ... nor (with a negative verb, see page
278):
biru mo sake mo nomimashita
[beer both sake and drank]
I drank both beer and sake
biru mo sake mo nomimasen deshita
[beer both sake and not drank]
I drank neither beer nor sake
The particle no means of or corresponds to the s or the
possessive in English:
ane no hon kurabu no memba
[sister of book] [club of member]
my sisters book a member of the club
watashi no kuruma
[I of car]
my car
The particle ka is added to the end of a statement to change
it into a question:
kippu wa takai desu
[ticket + sub. part. + expensive]
the tickets are expensive
kippu wa takai desu ka?
[ticket + sub. part. + expensive + question part.]
are the tickets expensive?
The particle ne is the equivalent of English tag questions like
isnt it?, havent we? and so on:
Keiko-san, kore wa anata no desu ne?
[Keiko + polite form + this + sub. part. + you of is + question tag]
its yours, Keiko, isnt it?
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koko ni kita koto ga arimasu ne?
[here in that came + sub. part. be+ question tag]
weve been here, havent we?
Verbs
Unlike English verbs, Japanese verbs do not change their
form according to first, second, or third person subjects, sin-
gular or plural. Therefore, ikimasu means:
to go he/she/it goes
I go we go
you go they go
However, Japanese verbs do change their form according to
various other criteria, for example, the degree of politeness
required, the tense, or whether the verb indicates wanting
or necessity.
Polite Verb Forms
The form of Japanese verbs is changed to indicate different
levels of politeness. As a general rule, longer verb forms
denote courtesy:
yomimasu to read
shimbun yomu ka? (basic form)
shimbun yomimasu ka? (polite)
shimbun yomaremasu ka? (very polite)
do you read the paper?
It is more straightforward for beginners in Japanese to stick
to the second form given above (yomimasu).This is the verb
form we have generally given in the English-Japanese section
of this book and it is polite enough for most situations.
Present Tense
To express the simple present, use the basic form of the verb
ending in -masu:
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ikimasu to go swarimasu to sit down
I go I sit down
you go you sit down
he/she/it goes he/she/it sits down
we go we sit down
they go they sit down
To express a continuing action in the present (he is going, I
am walking etc), the -masu ending is removed from the verb
and replaced with -te or -de, and imasu is placed after the verb:
nani o yonde imasu ka?
[what + ob. part. + reading + question part.]
what are you reading?
karera wa tabete imasu
[they + sub. part. + eating]
they are eating
kare wa tabako o sutte imasu
[he + sub. part. + cigarette + ob. part. + inhale]
he is smoking
Past Tense
The ending -mashita indicates the past tense. Replace the
-masu ending of the verb with -mashita:
ikimasu to go mimasu to see; to watch
ikimashita I went mimashitaIve seen
you went youve seen
he/she/it went he/she/it has seen
we went we have seen
they went they have seen
tsukimasu to arrive tabemasu to eat
kyo tsukimashita watashitachi wa mo tabemashita
[today arrived] [we + sub. part. + already have eaten]
we arrived today weve already eaten
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Future Tense
There is no real future tense in Japanese; instead the present
tense is used to express the future:
mata ashita kimasu rainen Kyoto ni ikimasu
[again tomorrow come] [next year Kyoto to go]
Ill come back tomorrow Im going to Kyoto next year
Asking Permission
Asking permission to do something is indicated by the verb
ending -te followed by ... i desu ka? (literally: is it allowed?):
anata ni tegami o kaite i desu ka?
[you to letter + ob. part. + write is is allowed + question part.]
can I write to you?
Indicating Necessity
Necessity is indicated by the verb ending -nakereba nari-
masen:
ikimasu to go
mo ikanakereba narimasen
[already go must]
I have to go now
kakimasu to write
tegami o kakanakereba narimasen
[letter + ob. part. + write must]
I have to write a letter
Indicating Wanting
Wanting to do something is indicated by the verb ending
-tai:
okurimasu to send
kore o Igirisu ni okuritai no desu ga
[this + ob. part. + England to send want request please]
I want to send this to England
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karimasu to rent
kuruma o karitai no desu ga
[car + ob. part. + buy want request please]
Id like to rent a car
Negatives
There is no simple equivalent to not in Japanese. Instead the
form of the verb changes to indicate the negative. The
-masu ending changes to -masen and the -tai (wanting) end-
ing changes to -taku nai:
kono gakko e ikimasu
[this school to go]
I go to this school
kono gakko e wa ikimasen
[this school to + sub. part. + go negative]
I dont go to this school
Igirisu ni ikitai desu
[England to want go + polite ending]
I want to go to England
Igirisu ni ikitaku nai desu
[England to want go + negative + polite ending]
I dont want to go to England
Japanese has no words like nobody, no-one, never,
none,neither,nor,(not) any; these must be expressed in
Japanese by a negative verb construction:
dare mo kimasen deshita
[somebody even come + negative]
nobody came
dare mo hakbutskan e ikitagarimasen
[somebody even museum to want to go + negative]
nobody wants to visit the museum
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Kobe niwa ichido mo itta koto ga arimasen
[Kobe to + sub. part. + not once even that + sub. part. + negative]
Ive never been to Kobe
mo hitots mo arimasen
[already one even exist + negative]
theres none left
hoshik arimasen
[want + negative]
I dont want any
Adjectives
Japanese adjectives are a special category of words, many of
which behave in a way quite unlike their English counter-
parts. Many, indeed, are more like verbs since they have sep-
arate forms for present and past tenses and for positive and
negative use. For example, the adjective for red akai really
means is red.
There are two types of adjectives in Japanese. The first type
end in -ai, -i, -oi or -ui:
akai is red
oishi is delicious
omoshiroi is interesting
warui is bad
The final -i or -i indicates the present positive form of the
adjective, which is the basic form given in the English-
Japanese section of this book; to make the past positive form,
remove the -i or -i to obtain the stem and add -katta:
present positive past positive
akai is red akakatta was red
oishi is delicious oishkatta was delicious
omoshiroi is interesting omoshirokatta was interesting
warui is bad warukatta was bad
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These are all plain forms which generally would not be used
by themselves; to make them polite forms, add desu:
nimotsu wa omokatta desu
[luggage + sub. part. + was heavy + polite ending]
the luggage was heavy
To form the present negative, remove -i or -i, and add -k nai;
for the past negative add -ku nakatta to the stem:
present negative past negative
akaku nai is not red akaku nakatta was not red
oishiku nai is not delicious oishiku nakatta was not
delicious
omoshiroku nai is not omoshiroku nakatta was
interesting not interesting
waruku nai is not bad waruku nakatta was not bad
To make the above polite forms (as used in speech), change
-ku nai to -ku arimasen:
kono suika wa amaku arimasen
[this watermelon + sub. part. + sweet + negative]
this watermelon is not sweet
Adjectival Nouns
The second type of Japanese adjective is more like an
English adjective in that it does not change its ending and is
not a form of verb.This type of adjective does not end in -ai,
-i, -oi or -ui, but consists of a noun followed by na:
shizuka (na)
quiet
Adjectival nouns are used with the following to form the
present and past tenses (positive and negative):
positive present des
past deshta
negative present dewa arimasen
past dewa arimasen deshta
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If the adjectival noun is followed by des, na can be omitted:
hoteru wa shizka des
[hotel + sub. part. + quiet is]
the hotel is quiet
kono hon wa tekito dewa arimasen
[this book + sub. part. + suitable + negative]
this book is not suitable
chittoma shimpai dewa arimasen deshta
[not at all worried + negative]
I wasnt worried at all
Comparatives and Superlatives
To form the comparative, put motto (more) in front of the
adjective:
motto hayak motto omoshiroi
faster more interesting
To form the superlative, put ichiban (literally: number one)
or mottomo (most) in front of the adjective:
ichiban omoshiroi toshi
[most is interesting city]
the most interesting city
mottomo takai hoteru
[most is expensive hotel]
the most expensive hotel
To express more ... than ..., ...-er than, use yori (than):
kono hoteru wa ryokan yori takai desu
[this hotel + sub. part. + Japanese inn than expensive]
this hotel is more expensive than a Japanese inn
densha wa basu yori hayai desu
[train + sub. part. + bus than fast is]
the train is faster than the bus
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To express as ... as ... use to onaji kurai (about the same as):
Rondon wa Nagano to onaji kurai samui desu
[London + sub. part. + Nagano as cold as is]
London is as cold as Nagano
To express not as ... as ..., use hodo ... nai:
Nippon wa Amerika hodo okiku nai desu
[Japan + sub. part. + America not as big as is]
Japan is not as big as America
Demonstrative Adjectives
There are three demonstrative adjectives: kono, sono and ano:
kono this; these
sono that; those (nearby or just mentioned)
ano that; those (further away)
kono densha this train
sono tomodachi that friend (of yours, that you mentioned)
ano basu that bus (over there)
Adverbs
To form an adverb from the first type of adjective (ending
in -ai, -i, -oi or -ui), change the final -i to -k:
hayai quick hayaku quickly
osoi slow osoku slowly
yasashi easy yasashiku easily
warui bad waruku badly
yasui cheap yask cheaply
To form the adverb from the second type of adjective (shown
with (na) in the English-Japanese section), change na to ni:
shizka na heya Keiko-san wa shizka ni hanashimas
[quiet room] [Keiko + polite form + sub. part. + quietly speaks]
a quiet room Keiko speaks quietly
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Word Order
The normal word order in Japanese sentences is:
subject object verb
ane wa sushi o suki des ga, watashi wa suki dewa ari-
masen
[sister + sub. part. + sushi + ob. part. + like but I + sub. part. + like not]
my sister likes sushi but I dont
Adjectives usually precede the noun they modify while par-
ticles and conjunctions follow the noun they refer to.
Yes and No
The words for yes and no are hai (or sometimes e) and ie
(or ie):
hai, onegai shimas ie kekko des
yes, please no thanks
yomimashta ka? hai, yomimashta
have you read the paper? yes, I have
In general, however, it is possible to omit hai and ie and
answer simply by using the verb.
When the question is a negative one, however, hai and ie are
used in quite a different way to English. This is because hai
is used to confirm the statement, whether the answer is affir-
mative or negative:
anata wa Amerika-jin dewa arimasen ka?
[you + sub. part. + American + negative + question part.]
arent you American?
hai, Igirisu-jin desu
[yes (I am not) English]
no, Im English
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This kind of negative question (as in English) implies the
speaker may be slightly surprised or incredulous or wants to
confirm something that they are almost sure of. If a positive
question were asked, with no prior assumptions, the answer
would be ie.
In the same way, when the question is a negative one, ie is
used to deny the sentence whether the answer is affirmative
or negative:
soba o tabemasen deshita ka?
[noodles + ob. part. + eat did not + question part.]
didnt you eat the noodles? (implying you should have)
ie, tabemashita
[no, did eat]
yes, I did eat them
And
There are different words for and in Japanese. To is used
with nouns and pronouns:
shio to kosho Tokyo to Rondon
salt and pepper Tokyo and London
kohi to sato o kaimashita
[coffee and sugar + ob. part. + bought]
I bought coffee and sugar
Soshite also means and; it is used with verbs, adjectives and
adverbs:
watashitachi wa onsen ni hairi soshite shokji o shimashta
[we + sub. part. + hot spring in go and meal did]
we had a bath in the hot spring and had a meal
kare wa hayak, soshite utskushik, ji o kakimas
[he + sub. part. + fast and neatly characters + ob. part. + writes]
he writes both fast and neatly
Sorekara means and then:
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terebi o mite, sorekara benkyo shimas
[television + ob. part. + watched and then study]
Ill watch television and then Ill study
Masculine and Feminine Forms of
Speech
In the past, there were many different levels of courtesy in
Japanese speech and special words and phrases were used, for
example, to praise ones superiors, and to deprecate oneself.
As well as this, womens speech was traditionally more polite
than mens. Although the differences between male and
female speech patterns are now less pronounced than they
used to be, there are still many ways of speaking that are
exclusively used by either men or women. Men speak with
a more even tone of voice, whereas women speak in a more
lilting manner. Men and women use different pronouns and
interjections.Also, in informal speech, men tend to use yo or
zo at the end of sentences for emphasis, whereas women will
use wa, for example:
bok wa Eigo ga hanaseru yo/zo! (said by a man)
[I + sub. part. + English + ob. part. + speak can emphasis]
I can speak English!
watashi wa okoto ga hikeru wa! (said by a woman)
[I + sub. part. + polite prefix + Japanese harp + ob. part. + play can +
emphasis]
I can play the Japanese harp!
Women make more use of the polite prefix o- or go-, as in:
denwa/odenwa
(said by a man/woman)
(your) telephone
gokazoku wa ogenki desu ka?
[polite prefix + family + sub. part. + polite prefix + well + question part.]
are your family all well?
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Women also tend to use emotional interjections more than
men, such as kawai (cute!) or suteki! (marvellous!). To
express surprise when meeting somebody unexpectedly,
women tend to say ma! or ara!, which are never used by
men, who tend to say ya! or o!.
Counting
Japanese has two sets of numbers from one to ten:
set 1 set 2
1 ichi hitotsu
2 ni futatsu
3 san mittsu
4 yon/shi* yottsu
5 go itsutsu
6 roku muttsu
7 nana/shichi* nanatsu
8 hachi yattsu
9 kyu/ku* kokonotsu
10 ju to
The first set is used when referring to expressions of time,
quantities and measurements. They are used with the classi-
fiers on the opposite page or with count words such as
minute, yen etc:
go-fun ichijikan mae
five minutes an hour ago
gozen shichiji ni ju-en
at 7am 10 yen
* The alternative numerals in the first set above must be used
in the following time expressions:
yoji shichiji kuji
four oclock seven oclock nine oclock
The second set of numbers is used for counting any other
things not mentioned above.The number is placed after the
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object and is used without a count word (like minute) or a
classifier:
biru futats, onegai shimas
two beers, please
If you use the two sets of numbers in the way described
above, this will be acceptable, but a further method of
counting, using a counting word known as a classifier, is
more commonly used. Classifiers equate roughly to English
words like glassful,cupful,bottle of ,sheets of etc. Nouns
or groups of nouns in Japanese have specific classifiers which
are used when they are counted or quantified.
The most common classifiers are:
-dai machines, cars, bikes, stereos
-hai glassfuls, cupfuls
-hiki animals
-hon pens, cigarettes, other cylindrical objects
-ko fruit, cakes, eggs and small chunky objects
-mai pieces of paper, tickets, other things that are thin
and flat
-nin people
-sats books
-tsu letters
kuruma ni-dai kipp o sam-mai, kudasai
[car two + classifier] [ticket + ob. part. + three + classifier + please]
two cars three tickets, please
Nihongo no hon o go-satsu kaimashita
[Japanese of book + ob. part. + five + classifier + bought]
I bought five Japanese books
majan wa yo-nin de shimasu
[mahjong + sub. part. + four + classifier + by do]
mahjong is played by four people
There is only one set of numbers above ten. See pages 292-
293.
287
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Dates
The word order for dates is:
year month day
There are two common ways of counting years in Japanese.
The Western system is used thus:
sen-kyu-hyaku-kyu-ju-hachi-nen ni-sen-ichi-nen
[thousand-nine-hundreds-nine-tens-eight-year] [two-thousand-one-year]
1998 2001
There is also a traditional system of counting from the first
year of the current emperors reign. The Heisei period (of
Emperor Akihito) began in 1989:
Heisei ni-nen Heisei ju-nen
[Heisei two year] [Heisei ten year]
second year of Heisei (1990) tenth year of Heisei (1998)
Kugatsu tsuitachi Junigatsu futsuka
[nine-month (September) first] [twelve-month (December) second]
the first of September the second of December
ni-sen-ichi-nen Gogatsu san-ju-nichi
[two-thousand-one-year five-month (May) thirtieth]
the thirtieth of May 2001
Heisei ju-nen Rokgats ni-ju san-ichi
[Heise-ten-year six-month (June) twenty-third]
the twenty-third of June 1998
Dates are formed using the versions of the ordinal numbers
below:
1st tsuitachi [
2nd futska _[
3rd mik
ka _[
4th yok
ka [
288
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5th itska _[
6th muika ;[
7th nanoka _[
8th yoka [
9th kokonoka _[
10th toka q[
11th ju-ichi-nichi q[
12th ju-ni-nichi q_[
13th ju-san-nichi q_[
14th ju-yok
ka q[
15th ju-go-nichi q_[
16th ju-rok-nichi q;[
17th ju-shichi-nichi q_[
18th ju-hachi-nichi q[
19th ju-ku-nichi q_[
20th hatska _q[
21st ni-ju-ichi nichi _q[
22nd ni-ju-ni-nichi _q_[
23rd ni-ju-san-nichi _q_[
24th ni-ju-yok
ka _q[
25th ni-ju-go-nichi _q_[
26th ni-ju-rok-nichi _q;[
27th ni-ju-shichi-nichi _q_[
28th ni-ju-hachi-nichi _q[
29th ni-ju-ku-nichi _q_[
30th san-ju-nichi _q[
31st san-ju-ichi-nichi _q[
Japanese ordinals are written using the Chinese characters
(kanji) above if writing vertically; otherwise, when writing
left to right, Arabic numbers can be used instead.
289
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Days
Monday Getsuyobi ]Q[
Tuesday Kayobi _Q[
Wednesday Suiyobi Q[
Thursday Moku
yobi Q[
Friday Kin
yobi _Q[
Saturday Doyobi _Q[
Sunday Nichiyobi [Q[
Months
January Ichigatsu ]
February Nigatsu _]
March San
gatsu _]
April Shigatsu ]
May Gogatsu _]
June Rokgatsu ;]
July Shichigatsu _]
August Hachigatsu ]
September Kugatsu _]
October Jugatsu q]
November Juichigatsu q]
December Junigatsu q_]
Time
what time is it? ima nanji desu ka? _j_
its one oclock ichiji desu
its two oclock niji desu _
at one oclock ichiji ni _
at two oclock niji ni __
five past one ichiji go-fun _
290
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ten past one ichiji jup
pun q
quarter past one ichiji ju-go-fun q_
quarter past two niji ju-go-fun _q_
half past one ichiji-han
half past two niji-han _
quarter to one ichiji ju-go-fun mae q_j
quarter to two niji ju-go-fun mae _q_j
twenty to one ichiji nijup
pun mae _qj

ten to two niji jup
pun mae _qj

am gozen qj
pm gogo qQ
at 1am gozen ichiji ni qj_
at 1pm gogo ichiji ni qQ_
13.00 ju-sanji q_
14.00 ju-yoji q
18.30 ju-hachiji sanjup
pun q_q
noon shogo _q
midnight mayonaka J
hour jikan g
minute fun
one minute ip
pun
two minutes ni-fun _
second byo ]
quarter of an hour ju-go-fun q_
half an hour san-jup
pun _q
three quarters of an hour yon-ju-go-fun q_
Minutes are expressed by adding -fun (minute) to the num-
bers below. This sometimes changes to -pun depending on
the preceding sound:
ni-fun go-fun juppun
two minutes five minutes ten minutes
291
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Numbers
See Counting pages 286.
0 zero +
1 ichi
2 ni _
3 san _
4 shi
5 go _
6 rok ;
7 shichi _
8 hachi
9 kyu _
10 ju q
11 ju-ichi q
12 ju-ni q_
13 ju-san q_
14 ju-shi q
15 ju-go q_
16 ju-rok q;
17 ju-shichi q_
18 ju-hachi q
19 ju-kyu q_
20 ni-ju _q
21 ni-ju-ichi _q
22 ni-ju-ni _q_
30 san-ju _q
31 san-ju-ichi _q
32 san-ju-ni _q_
40 yon-ju q
50 go-ju _q
60 rok-ju ;q
70 shichi-ju _q
80 hachi-ju q
90 kyu-ju _q
100 hyak _
101 hyak-ichi _
102 hyak-ni __
200 ni-hyak __
1,000 sen _
2,000 ni-sen __
3,000 san-zen __
4,000 yon-sen _
5,000 go-sen __
10,000* ichi-man _
20,000 ni-man __
1,000,000
hyaku-man __
10,000,000
is
sem
man __
100,000,000
ichi-oku _
*For 10,000 and above, use
man instead of sen.
Japanese numbers are writ-
ten using the Chinese char-
acters (kanji) above if writ-
ing vertically; otherwise,
when writing left to right,
Arabic numbers can be used
instead.
292
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Ordinals
In Japanese, the words used for the dates (1st of March etc)
and the ordinals in English sense (for example, third chair
from the window) are different. The English ordinals can
usually be translated by adding -bamme to numbers.
1st ichi-bam
me _
2nd ni-bam
me __
3rd san-bam
me __
4th yon-bam
me _
5th go-bam
me __
6th rok-bam
me ;_
7th nana-bam
me __
8th hachi-bam
me _
9th kyu-bam
me __
10th jyu-bam
me q_
See pages 288-289 for the set of ordinals used to form dates.
293
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Conversion Tables
1 centimetre = 0.39 inches 1 inch = 2.54 cm
1 metre = 39.37 inches = 1.09 yards 1 foot = 30.48 cm
1 kilometre = 0.62 miles = 5/8 mile 1 yard = 0.91 m
1 mile = 1.61 km
km 1 2 3 4 5 10 20 30 40 50 100
miles 0.6 1.2 1.9 2.5 3.1 6.2 12.4 18.6 24.8 31.0 62.1
miles 1 2 3 4 5 10 20 30 40 50 100
km 1.6 3.2 4.8 6.4 8.0 16.1 32.2 48.3 64.4 80.5 161
1 gram = 0.035 ounces 1 kilo = 1000 g = 2.2 pounds
g 100 250 500 1 oz = 28.35 g
oz 3.5 8.75 17.5 1 lb = 0.45 kg
kg 0.5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
lb 1.1 2.2 4.4 6.6 8.8 11.0 13.2 15.4 17.6 19.8 22.0
kg 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
lb 44 66 88 110 132 154 176 198 220
lb 0.5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20
kg 0.2 0.5 0.9 1.4 1.8 2.3 2.7 3.2 3.6 4.1 4.5 9.0
1 litre = 1.75 UK pints / 2.13 US pints
1 UK pint = 0.57 l 1 UK gallon = 4.55 l
1 US pint = 0.47 l 1 US gallon = 3.79 l
centigrade / Celsius C = (F - 32) x 5/9
C -5 0 5 10 15 18 20 25 30 36.8 38
F 23 32 41 50 59 64 68 77 86 98.4 100.4
Fahrenheit F = (C x 9/5) + 32
F 23 32 40 50 60 65 70 80 85 98.4 101
C -5 0 4 10 16 18 21 27 29 36.8 38.3
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Pcugb 6uide Pbrasebccks - TaIk 5ense
TRE P0U6R 6UIDE PRPA5EB00K

Rave a gccd trip - tancsb gcryckc c!
It's Iike baving a IccaI friend wberever ycu gc
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5eIect Iood and drink Irom any menu
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PeIy on the user-Iriendly situation dialogues
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DcwnIcad easy audicfiIes cf eacb ccnversaticn frcm
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The Rough Phrasebook Japanese Ingles

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Jis|ri|a|t |

I|t |tsqais reaj

theres been an accident jiko

my back aches koshi ga itai

airport bus rimujin-basu

RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 32

allowed: is it allowed? i desu

tohin desu ka?

any: do you have any ...? o

pai desu, yoji dewa

you are (sing) anata wa

arrange tehai shimasu

Asian (adj) Ajia (no)

in the autumn aki ni

bamboo shoots takenoko

can I have a bath? ofuro ni

with a private bathroom

Im going to bed now

could I have the bill, please?

bother: sorry to bother you

box office kip

white bread shiro-pan

brown bread kuro-pan

what number bus is it to ...?

written by ... ga kaita

Canadian (adj) Kanada (no)

card (birthday etc) kado

cartoon (film) animeshon

cigarette lighter raita

clear tomei (na)

close (verb) shimarimasu

complain kujo o imasu

I have a complaint kujo ga

convenient (time) tsugo no i

cotton wool das

a cup of ..., please o

floor cushion zabuton

nichi desu ka?

taku sono tori

definitely not mat

which direction is it? dot

is there a discount? waribiki

disgusting iya (na)

dozen ichi-dasu (no)

dress (noun) doresu

drink (noun) nomimono

this evening komban

ta koto ga arimasu ka?

everywhere doko demo

for example tatoeba

extension ..., please naisen

will you keep an eye on my

in the fall aki ni

kiro kurai desu

fashionable oshare (na)

(someone elses) oto-san

nasai, watashi no sei

Japanese fencing kendo

mai dori desu ka?

first name namae

flight number bin

floor (of room) yuka

on the floor yuka ni

foggy: its foggy kiri ga dete