BEND ANGLE = 11.5 DEGREES DESIGN REFERENCE : APPENDIX 6.7 OF CPHEE MANUAL -1999 DIA . OF PIPE = 600 MM TYPE OF BEND : HORIZONTAL DENSITY OF SOIL = 1.8 T/Cu.M ANGLE OF REPOSE = 30 DEG. COHESION OF SOIL = 0 T/SQ.M DENSITY OF CONCRETE = 2.4 T/Cu.M SOIL COVER OVER PIPE = 600 MM TEST PRESSURE = 18 KG/CM^2 = 180 T/SQ.M SECTIONAL AREA OF PIPE = 0.28 SQ.M HORIZONTAL THRUST = 10.14 T
(A) LATERAL RSISTANCE TO HORIZONTAL THRUST BY FRICTION WIDTH HEIGHT THICKNESS SIZE OF THRUST BLOCK = 1500 1500 1500 MMXMMXMM WEIGHT OF THRUST BLOCK = 7.43 T WEIGHT OF WATER IN PIPE = 0.42 T WEIGHT OF EARTH ON PIPE= 2.43 T TOTAL WEIGHT = 10.28 T FRICTIONAL RESISTANCE OF SOIL = 3.08 T (B) LATERAL RESISTANCE TO HORIZONTAL THRUST DUE TO SOIL AGAINST BLOCK LATERAL RSISTANCE DUE TO SOIL = DENSITY x (H^2/2) x L x (1+SIN T / 1-SIN T) + 2 x C x H x L SQRT(1+SIN T /1-SINT) WHEN C = O LATERAL RSISTANCE DUE TO SOIL = DENSITY x (H^2/2) x L x (1+SIN T / 1-SIN T) SIN T = 0.50 (1+SIN T)/(1-SINT) = 3.00 LATERAL RESISTANCE DUE TO SOIL = 9.12 T ( C) LATERAL RESISTANCE OF SOIL AT BLOCK FREE TO YIELD CONDITION LATERRAL RESISTANCE OF SOIL WHEN THE THRUST BLOCK IS FREE TO YIELD AWAY FROM THE SOIL MASS IS = DENSITY x H x (1-SIN T / 1+SIN T) + 2 x C x SQRT(1-SIN T /1+SINT) WHEN C= 0 LATERRAL RESISTANCE OF SOIL WHEN THE THRUST BLOCK IS FREE TO YIELD AWAY FROM THE SOIL MASS IS = DENSITY x H x (1-SIN T / 1+SIN T) LATERAL RSISTANCE AT BLOCK YIELDING CONDITION = 0.36 T TOTAL LATERAL RESISTANCE =A+B+C = 12.56 T FACTOR OF SAFETY = 1.238 REINFORCEMENT MINIMUM SURFACE REINFORCEMENT OF 5 KG / SQ.M IS PROVIDED PROVIDE 10 MM BARS AT 200 MM C/C AS SKIN REINFORCEMENT BEND ANGLE = 30 DEGREES DIA . OF PIPE = 600 MM TYPE OF BEND : HORIZONTAL DENSITY OF SOIL = 1.8 T/Cu.M ANGLE OF REPOSE = 30 DEG. COHESION OF SOIL = 0 T/SQ.M DENSITY OF CONCRETE = 2.4 T/Cu.M SOIL COVER OVER PIPE = 600 MM TEST PRESSURE = 18 KG/CM^2 = 180 T/SQ.M SECTIONAL AREA OF PIPE = 0.28 SQ.M HORIZONTAL THRUST = 26.21 T
(A) LATERAL RSISTANCE TO HORIZONTAL THRUST BY FRICTION WIDTH HEIGHT THICKNESS SIZE OF THRUST BLOCK = 2250 2000 1750 MMXMMXMM WEIGHT OF THRUST BLOCK = 18.23 T WEIGHT OF WATER IN PIPE = 0.49 T WEIGHT OF EARTH ON PIPE= 4.25 T TOTAL WEIGHT = 22.97 T FRICTIONAL RESISTANCE OF SOIL = 6.89 T (B) LATERAL RESISTANCE TO HORIZONTAL THRUST DUE TO SOIL AGAINST BLOCK LATERAL RSISTANCE DUE TO SOIL = DENSITY x (H^2/2) x L x (1+SIN T / 1-SIN T) + 2 x C x H x L SQRT(1+SIN T /1-SINT) WHEN C = O LATERAL RSISTANCE DUE TO SOIL = DENSITY x (H^2/2) x L x (1+SIN T / 1-SIN T) SIN T = 0.50 (1+SIN T)/(1-SINT) = 3.00 LATERAL RESISTANCE DUE TO SOIL = 24.31 T ( C) LATERAL RESISTANCE OF SOIL AT BLOCK FREE TO YIELD CONDITION LATERRAL RESISTANCE OF SOIL WHEN THE THRUST BLOCK IS FREE TO YIELD AWAY FROM THE SOIL MASS IS = DENSITY x H x (1-SIN T / 1+SIN T) + 2 x C x SQRT(1-SIN T /1+SINT) WHEN C= 0 LATERRAL RESISTANCE OF SOIL WHEN THE THRUST BLOCK IS FREE TO YIELD AWAY FROM THE SOIL MASS IS = DENSITY x H x (1-SIN T / 1+SIN T) LATERAL RSISTANCE AT BLOCK YIELDING CONDITION = 0.36 T TOTAL LATERAL RESISTANCE =A+B+C = 31.56 T FACTOR OF SAFETY = 1.204 REINFORCEMENT MINIMUM SURFACE REINFORCEMENT OF 5 KG / SQ.M IS PROVIDED PROVIDE 10 MM BARS AT 200 MM C/C AS SKIN REINFORCEMENT BEND ANGLE = 60 DEGREES DIA . OF PIPE = 600 MM TYPE OF BEND : HORIZONTAL DENSITY OF SOIL = 1.8 T/Cu.M ANGLE OF REPOSE = 30 DEG. COHESION OF SOIL = 0 T/SQ.M DENSITY OF CONCRETE = 2.4 T/Cu.M SOIL COVER OVER PIPE = 600 MM TEST PRESSURE = 18 KG/CM^2 = 180 T/SQ.M SECTIONAL AREA OF PIPE = 0.28 SQ.M HORIZONTAL THRUST = 50.63 T
(A) LATERAL RSISTANCE TO HORIZONTAL THRUST BY FRICTION WIDTH HEIGHT THICKNESS SIZE OF THRUST BLOCK = 2750 2750 1750 MMXMMXMM WEIGHT OF THRUST BLOCK = 31.09 T WEIGHT OF WATER IN PIPE = 0.49 T WEIGHT OF EARTH ON PIPE= 5.20 T TOTAL WEIGHT = 36.78 T FRICTIONAL RESISTANCE OF SOIL = 11.03 T (B) LATERAL RESISTANCE TO HORIZONTAL THRUST DUE TO SOIL AGAINST BLOCK LATERAL RSISTANCE DUE TO SOIL = DENSITY x (H^2/2) x L x (1+SIN T / 1-SIN T) + 2 x C x H x L SQRT(1+SIN T /1-SINT) WHEN C = O LATERAL RSISTANCE DUE TO SOIL = DENSITY x (H^2/2) x L x (1+SIN T / 1-SIN T) SIN T = 0.50 (1+SIN T)/(1-SINT) = 3.00 LATERAL RESISTANCE DUE TO SOIL = 56.18 T ( C) LATERAL RESISTANCE OF SOIL AT BLOCK FREE TO YIELD CONDITION LATERRAL RESISTANCE OF SOIL WHEN THE THRUST BLOCK IS FREE TO YIELD AWAY FROM THE SOIL MASS IS = DENSITY x H x (1-SIN T / 1+SIN T) + 2 x C x SQRT(1-SIN T /1+SINT) WHEN C= 0 LATERRAL RESISTANCE OF SOIL WHEN THE THRUST BLOCK IS FREE TO YIELD AWAY FROM THE SOIL MASS IS = DENSITY x H x (1-SIN T / 1+SIN T) LATERAL RSISTANCE AT BLOCK YIELDING CONDITION = 0.36 T TOTAL LATERAL RESISTANCE =A+B+C = 67.57 T FACTOR OF SAFETY = 1.335 REINFORCEMENT MINIMUM SURFACE REINFORCEMENT OF 5 KG / SQ.M IS PROVIDED PROVIDE 10 MM BARS AT 200 MM C/C AS SKIN REINFORCEMENT BEND ANGLE = 90 DEGREES DIA . OF PIPE = 600 MM TYPE OF BEND : HORIZONTAL DENSITY OF SOIL = 1.8 T/Cu.M ANGLE OF REPOSE = 30 DEG. COHESION OF SOIL = 0 T/SQ.M DENSITY OF CONCRETE = 2.4 T/Cu.M SOIL COVER OVER PIPE = 600 MM TEST PRESSURE = 18 KG/CM^2 = 180 T/SQ.M SECTIONAL AREA OF PIPE = 0.28 SQ.M HORIZONTAL THRUST = 71.59 T
(A) LATERAL RSISTANCE TO HORIZONTAL THRUST BY FRICTION WIDTH HEIGHT THICKNESS SIZE OF THRUST BLOCK = 3000 3000 1750 MMXMMXMM WEIGHT OF THRUST BLOCK = 37.13 T WEIGHT OF WATER IN PIPE = 0.49 T WEIGHT OF EARTH ON PIPE= 5.67 T TOTAL WEIGHT = 43.29 T FRICTIONAL RESISTANCE OF SOIL = 12.99 T (B) LATERAL RESISTANCE TO HORIZONTAL THRUST DUE TO SOIL AGAINST BLOCK LATERAL RSISTANCE DUE TO SOIL = DENSITY x (H^2/2) x L x (1+SIN T / 1-SIN T) + 2 x C x H x L SQRT(1+SIN T /1-SINT) WHEN C = O LATERAL RSISTANCE DUE TO SOIL = DENSITY x (H^2/2) x L x (1+SIN T / 1-SIN T) SIN T = 0.50 (1+SIN T)/(1-SINT) = 3.00 LATERAL RESISTANCE DUE TO SOIL = 72.94 T ( C) LATERAL RESISTANCE OF SOIL AT BLOCK FREE TO YIELD CONDITION LATERRAL RESISTANCE OF SOIL WHEN THE THRUST BLOCK IS FREE TO YIELD AWAY FROM THE SOIL MASS IS = DENSITY x H x (1-SIN T / 1+SIN T) + 2 x C x SQRT(1-SIN T /1+SINT) WHEN C= 0 LATERRAL RESISTANCE OF SOIL WHEN THE THRUST BLOCK IS FREE TO YIELD AWAY FROM THE SOIL MASS IS = DENSITY x H x (1-SIN T / 1+SIN T) LATERAL RSISTANCE AT BLOCK YIELDING CONDITION = 0.36 T TOTAL LATERAL RESISTANCE =A+B+C = 86.28 T FACTOR OF SAFETY = 1.205 REINFORCEMENT MINIMUM SURFACE REINFORCEMENT OF 5 KG / SQ.M IS PROVIDED PROVIDE 10 MM BARS AT 200 MM C/C AS SKIN REINFORCEMENT DESIGN OF THRUST BLOCK DESIGN REFERENCE : APPENDIX 6.7 OF CPHEE MANUAL -1999 DIA . OF PIPE = 900 MM TYPE OF BEND : HORIZONTAL BEND ANGLE = 45 DEGREES DENSITY OF SOIL = 1.8 T/Cu.M ANGLE OF REPOSE = 30 DEG. COHESION OF SOIL = 0 T/SQ.M DENSITY OF CONCRETE = 2.3 T/Cu.M SOIL COVER OVER PIPE = 600 MM TEST PRESSURE = 11 KG/CM^2 = 110 T/SQ.M SECTIONAL AREA OF PIPE = 0.63 SQ.M HORIZONTAL THRUST = 53.28 T
(A) LATERAL RSISTANCE TO HORIZONTAL THRUST BY FRICTION WIDTH HEIGHT THICKNESS SIZE OF THRUST BLOCK = 3200 3200 3200 MMXMMXMM WEIGHT OF THRUST BLOCK = 73.91 T WEIGHT OF WATER IN PIPE = 2.02 T WEIGHT OF EARTH ON PIPE= 11.06 T TOTAL WEIGHT = 86.99 T FRICTIONAL RESISTANCE OF SOIL = 26.10 T (B) LATERAL RESISTANCE TO HORIZONTAL THRUST DUE TO SOIL AGAINST BLOCK LATERAL RSISTANCE DUE TO SOIL = DENSITY x (H^2/2) x L x (1+SIN T / 1-SIN T) + 2 x C x H x L SQRT(1+SIN T /1-SINT) WHEN C = O LATERAL RSISTANCE DUE TO SOIL = DENSITY x (H^2/2) x L x (1+SIN T / 1-SIN T) SIN T = 0.50 (1+SIN T)/(1-SINT) = 3.00 LATERAL RESISTANCE DUE TO SOIL = 88.52 T ( C) LATERAL RESISTANCE OF SOIL AT BLOCK FREE TO YIELD CONDITION LATERRAL RESISTANCE OF SOIL WHEN THE THRUST BLOCK IS FREE TO YIELD AWAY FROM THE SOIL MASS IS = DENSITY x H x (1-SIN T / 1+SIN T) + 2 x C x SQRT(1-SIN T /1+SINT) WHEN C= 0 LATERRAL RESISTANCE OF SOIL WHEN THE THRUST BLOCK IS FREE TO YIELD AWAY FROM THE SOIL MASS IS = DENSITY x H x (1-SIN T / 1+SIN T) LATERAL RSISTANCE AT BLOCK YIELDING CONDITION = 0.54 T TOTAL LATERAL RESISTANCE =A+B+C = 115.15 T FACTOR OF SAFETY = 2.161 REINFORCEMENT MINIMUM SURFACE REINFORCEMENT OF 5 KG / SQ.M IS PROVIDED PROVIDE 10 MM BARS AT 200 MM C/C AS SKIN REINFORCEMENT
(B) LATERAL RESISTANCE TO HORIZONTAL THRUST DUE TO SOIL AGAINST BLOCK LATERAL RSISTANCE DUE TO SOIL = DENSITY x (H^2/2) x L x (1+SIN T / 1-SIN T) + 2 x C x H x L SQRT(1+SIN T /1-SINT) LATERRAL RESISTANCE OF SOIL WHEN THE THRUST BLOCK IS FREE TO YIELD AWAY FROM THE SOIL MASS IS = DENSITY x H x (1-SIN T / 1+SIN T) + 2 x C x SQRT(1-SIN T /1+SINT) LATERRAL RESISTANCE OF SOIL WHEN THE THRUST BLOCK IS FREE TO YIELD AWAY
(B) LATERAL RESISTANCE TO HORIZONTAL THRUST DUE TO SOIL AGAINST BLOCK LATERAL RSISTANCE DUE TO SOIL = DENSITY x (H^2/2) x L x (1+SIN T / 1-SIN T) + 2 x C x H x L SQRT(1+SIN T /1-SINT) LATERRAL RESISTANCE OF SOIL WHEN THE THRUST BLOCK IS FREE TO YIELD AWAY FROM THE SOIL MASS IS = DENSITY x H x (1-SIN T / 1+SIN T) + 2 x C x SQRT(1-SIN T /1+SINT) LATERRAL RESISTANCE OF SOIL WHEN THE THRUST BLOCK IS FREE TO YIELD AWAY
(B) LATERAL RESISTANCE TO HORIZONTAL THRUST DUE TO SOIL AGAINST BLOCK LATERAL RSISTANCE DUE TO SOIL = DENSITY x (H^2/2) x L x (1+SIN T / 1-SIN T) + 2 x C x H x L SQRT(1+SIN T /1-SINT) LATERRAL RESISTANCE OF SOIL WHEN THE THRUST BLOCK IS FREE TO YIELD AWAY FROM THE SOIL MASS IS = DENSITY x H x (1-SIN T / 1+SIN T) + 2 x C x SQRT(1-SIN T /1+SINT) LATERRAL RESISTANCE OF SOIL WHEN THE THRUST BLOCK IS FREE TO YIELD AWAY
(B) LATERAL RESISTANCE TO HORIZONTAL THRUST DUE TO SOIL AGAINST BLOCK LATERAL RSISTANCE DUE TO SOIL = DENSITY x (H^2/2) x L x (1+SIN T / 1-SIN T) + 2 x C x H x L SQRT(1+SIN T /1-SINT) LATERRAL RESISTANCE OF SOIL WHEN THE THRUST BLOCK IS FREE TO YIELD AWAY FROM THE SOIL MASS IS = DENSITY x H x (1-SIN T / 1+SIN T) + 2 x C x SQRT(1-SIN T /1+SINT) LATERRAL RESISTANCE OF SOIL WHEN THE THRUST BLOCK IS FREE TO YIELD AWAY
(B) LATERAL RESISTANCE TO HORIZONTAL THRUST DUE TO SOIL AGAINST BLOCK LATERAL RSISTANCE DUE TO SOIL = DENSITY x (H^2/2) x L x (1+SIN T / 1-SIN T) + 2 x C x H x L SQRT(1+SIN T /1-SINT) LATERRAL RESISTANCE OF SOIL WHEN THE THRUST BLOCK IS FREE TO YIELD AWAY FROM THE SOIL MASS IS = DENSITY x H x (1-SIN T / 1+SIN T) + 2 x C x SQRT(1-SIN T /1+SINT) LATERRAL RESISTANCE OF SOIL WHEN THE THRUST BLOCK IS FREE TO YIELD AWAY