PROBLEM SET

Submitted by : Fajardo, Innah Grace L.

BSFT1-1D
Submitted to: Prof. Regine Criseno
Date: August 15, 2012
Factor the following.
1. x
5
y
5
; x
5
+ y
5
2. x
7
y
7
; x
7
+ y
7
3. x
11
y
11
; x
11
+ y
11
4. Prove that
x
n
y
n
= (x y) (...
x
n
+ y
n
= (x y) (...
1. x
5
y
5
; x
5
+ y
5
(x - y) (x
4
+ x
3
y + x
2
y
2
+ xy
3
+ y
4
) x
5
y
5
=
x
5
+ y
5
=
(x + y) (x
4
- x
3
y + x
2
y
2
- xy
3
+ y
4
)
answers
2. x
7
y
7
; x
7
+ y
7
answers
x
7
y
7
=
(x y) (x
6
+ x
5
y + x
4
y
2
+ x
3
y
3
+ x
2
y
4
+ xy
5
+ y
6
)
x
7
+ y
7
=
(x + y) (x
6
- x
5
y + x
4
y
2
- x
3
y
3
+ x
2
y
4
- xy
5
+ y
6
)
3. x
11
y
11
; x
11
+ y
11
answers
x
11
y
11
=
(x y) (x
10
+ x
9
y + x
8
y
2
+ x
7
y
3
+ x
6
y
4
+ x
5
y
5
+ x
4
y
6
+ x
3
y
7
+ x
2
y
8
+ xy
9
+y
10
)
x
11
+ y
11
=
(x + y) (x
10
- x
9
y + x
8
y
2
- x
7
y
3
+ x
6
y
4
- x
5
y
5
+ x
4
y
6
- x
3
y
7
+
x
2
y
8
- xy
9
+y
10
)
4. Prove that
The first term would be (x - y)
x
n
y
n
= (x y) (x
n-1
+ x
n-2
y +x
n-3
y
2
+ x
n-4
y
3
+ ... + y
n-1
)
To prove that (x y) is a factor of x
n
y
n
, use factor theorem.
Get the root of x - y which is y
Use the factor theorem.
P(x) = x
n
y
n
P(y) = y
n
- y
n
P(y) = 0
The answer is 0. This means that x y is a factor of x
n
y
n
.
x
n
y
n
= (x y) (x
n-1
+ x
n-2
y +x
n-3
y
2
+ x
n-4
y
3
+ ... + y
n-1
)
The second factor is (x
n-1
+ x
n-2
y +x
n-3
y
2
+ x
n-4
y
3
+ ... + y
n-1
)
In the second factor, the first term is x
n-1
. The exponent of the first term of the
second factor is one less than the value of n.
x
n-1
...
The first power of y is 0 ( y
0
= 1) so y will only be seen on the second term.
x
n-1
+ x
n-2
y ...
The exponent of x decreases as the exponent of y increases.
(x
n-1
+ x
n-2
y +x
n-3
y
2
+ x
n-4
y
3
+ ... + y
n-1
)
The last term of the second factor of x
n
y
n
would be
y
n-1
To determine its exponent, subtract 1 from the original value of n.
The variable x is not present on the last term because its exponent there is 0
(x
0
= 1).
In the case of xn yn , all the signs are + . (That insures the cancelling.)
Example:
x
5
y
5
= (x - y) (x
4
+ x
3
y + x
2
y
2
+ xy
3
+ y
4
)
x
5
y
5
= x
5
+ x
4
y + x
3
y
2
+ x
2
y
3
+ xy
4
x
4
y x
3
y
2
x
2
y
3
xy
4
y
5
x
5
y
5
= x
5
y
5
x
n
+ y
n
= (x + y) (x
n-1
- x
n-2
y + x
n-3
y
2
- x
n-4
y
3
+ ... + y
n-1
)
This is the same with the previous stated explanation. The only
difference is the signs. The signs of the second factor alternates
because if not, when we multiply the factors, nothing would be cancel.
I used an example to prove it right.
Example:
x
5
+ y
5
= (x + y) (x
4
- x
3
y + x
2
y
2
- xy
3
+ y
4
)
x
5
+ y
5
= (x + y) (x
4
- x
3
y + x
2
y
2
- xy
3
+ y
4
)
x
5
+ y
5
= (x + y) (x
4
- x
3
y + x
2
y
2
- xy
3
+ y
4
)
x
5
+ y
5
= x
5
x
4
y + x
3
y
2
x
2
y
3
+ xy
4
+ x
4
y x
3
y
2
x
2
y
3
xy
4
+ y
5
x
5
+ y
5
= x
5
+ y
5