P221 Piping Classes

2000 Shell International Exploration and Production B.V. 20/06/2003 Title.
ppt, page 1
P221
Piping Classes - objectives
Objectives of the session
Understand the principles behind the use of piping classes.
Awareness of the relevant codes and standards
To be able to apply the principles of piping classes in the
development of a design
2000 Shell International Exploration and Production B.V. 20/06/2003 Title.ppt, page 2
P221
A Piping Class
A set of standard piping components that under certain
service conditions, and within defined
pressure/temperature limits, can be used together.
The service conditions are determined by the meduim
(type of fluid) and its properties:
Corrosivity
Sweet/Sour service
HIC resistance
Every standard component has a unique identifying number,
which describes requirements up to delivery (ordering,
design, manufacture, inspection & certification)
P221
Design Codes
External Standards:
ASME Code for Pressure Piping, B31
ASME B31.1 Power Piping
ASME B31.3 Process Piping
ASME B31.4 Liquid Transportation Piping
ASME B31.8 Gas Transportation Piping
ASME B31.9 Plumbing and Sanitation Piping
CEN European Piping Code
Local Codes Country dependent
ASME B31.3 Chemical Plant and Petroleum Refinery Piping
This refers to other ASME/ANSI standards
ASME/ANSI B16.5 (& B16.47) -Pipe Flanges (& flanges above 24)
ASME/ANSI B16.34 -Valves
P221
Design Codes (cont.)
Shell Standards
DEP 31.38.01.11-Gen Piping general requirements
DEP 31.38.01.10-Gen Basis of Design
DEP 31.38.01.15-Gen Piping Classes Exploration and Production
DEP 31.38.01.12-Gen Piping Classes Manufacturing
MESC Material and Equipment Standards and Code system
P221
Scope of ASME B31.3
Includes
Materials, Design, Fabrication, Assembly, Testing, Inspection
Applicable fluid service
Petroleum products; Chemicals; gas; steam; air and water; fluidised
solids; refrigerants
Excludes
Non toxic, non-flammable fluids between 0-15psig
Tubes/Piping internal to heater enclosures
Pressure Vessels (HEX), pumps, compressors
Power (31.1), Liquid (31.4) & Gas (31.8) transportation piping/pipelines
Plumbing/sanitation (31.9)
Fire protection systems based on recognised standards
P221
Other relevant Design Codes
Other relevant codes for flanges:
BS 1560 equivalent to ASME B16.5 and B16.47
BS 3293 follow same ratings as ASME
Pressure Vessel Codes: if not covered by above
ASME VIII Div 1
BS 5500
Wellheads:
API 6A / 6B
P221
Why do we have Piping Classes?
Ensure the right material is selected for a particular
service.
Standardisation:
Interchangeable
Economical
Reduces stock required
Reduces risk of maintenance error
Reduces the number of different pipe specs. used in the
facilities
P221
Piping Class Identification
P221
Pressure /
Temperature
rating
ASME/ANSI
B16.5 &
B16.47
P221
Piping Class Selection Guide
Fluid system characteristics
Hydrocarbon single/multiphase, water,glycol etc.
Condition
Sweet, sour, corrosive
Piping Class
xxxx
Material selection
Carbon steel, alloys, stainless steel, Duplex
Temperature range limits
-20/120 deg C
Corrosion allowance
0-3 mm
Remarks
Further limitations / special conditions
P221
Some Common Piping Classes
1/2 corrosive
3/4
corrosive/sour
HCs 3831/2
3833/4
Duplex
(60C max if
chlorides)
Glycol, Hyd. oil,
Chemicals,
Firefighting foam
3410 316L
Sour HCs, Glycol, Seal Oil, 1440 Carbon Steel
Sweet Hydrocarbons, Water,
Glycol, Air, Diesel
1410 Carbon Steel
Service/remarks Medium Piping
Class
Piping Material
P221
Piping Class description
P221
Piping Class information building
P221
Flanges
4- ASME 600 RF WN Flange, Bore 3.826
ASME
P221
Flange Loads
P221
Gaskets
P221
P221
Example of Mechanical coupler
assessment
6Coupler
Rated Pressure: 400 Barg
G = 152.4 mm
Loads
Internal Pressure: 360 Barg
External Bending moment: 15 kNm
Exterval Torsional moment: 10 kNm
External force: 5 kNm (in compression)
Assessment:
Effective Moment: Me = [15 + {152+102}]= 16.5 kNm
Equivalent pressure: Pe = 1.273 * [4 * Me/G+ 0]/G2 = 1.273 * ( 4*
16500/0.152.4)/(.15242) = 23.5 Barg
Peq+Pint: 360+23.5 = 383.5 Barg
383.5 Barg < 400 Barg: O.K.
P221
Valves
Common Causes of failure:
Incorrect selection of valve type and/or material
Poor quality fabrication and/or construction of valve
Lack of inspection before installation
Inadequate cleaning of line before installation
Incorrect installation
Incorrect operation
Poor maintenance
Fouling, polymerisation and solid particles
P221
Valve Selection considerations
Service Requirements
Reliability
Availability
Operability and Maintainability
Size and Weight
Cost
P221
Valve type Selection Process
Info required (from Piping Class):
Pressure & Temperature (operating and design)
System characteristics (medium and phase)
Condition (erosion/corrosion/toxic)
Info required (from Process Engineer)
Valve Service:
open/close; throttling; regulating/control; isolating
Capacity
Turndown capability
Safety requirements:
Fire safe
Environmental limitations (leak paths etc.)
Min/max time constraints to open/close
Reliability
Fail-safe position
P221
Classification of Valves
P221
Block Valve characteristics
comparison
P221
Ball Valves vs Gate Valves
P221
P221
Ball Valves
Advantages/disadvatanges
P221
Valve requirements:
Establish valve torque plus safety margin
Temperature
Medium
Contamination
Condition / frequency of operation
Manual Operator
Force <350N
Lever Length <twice valve length
<1m
Hand-wheel diameter <0.8m
Hand-wheel turns <100
Power operator
Check complete output curve
Sizing of Valve Actuator
P221
Check Valve applications
Prevent reverse rotation of pumps (seal/driver damage)
Prevent downstream lines/reservoirs from draining
backwards
Non Critical Critical
Reduced pressure loss
Reduced operating cost
Pump Discharge
Parallel Pump system
Compressor recycle
Swing Dual Plate Non-Slam
P221
Top Tips
for Valve specification/installation
Use Standard valve types (from Piping Class & MESC)
Seek advice from a valve specialist for non-standard
valves
Buy valves from approved (pre-qualified) Vendors
(ISO 9000 certificate)
If fluid temperature >180C, use metal-to metal seals
Inspect valve (particularly intake) on delivery to site
Clean and inspect lines prior to installation
Make sure you install it the right way!
P221
Top Tips for creating PEFs
DO think about/show:
Design Pressures
What type of equipment youll
employ
Process and Emergency
Shutdown
Isolation, Relief and Blowdown
Piping Sizing / Classes
Spec breaks
Types/locations of Valves
Dont worry too much about:
Being right !
Control issues
Primary safeguarding
P221
The End
P221
Spec Breaks and
Overpressure Protection
P221
P221
P221
P221
P221
Pressure drop across valves
P221
P221
P221

P221 Piping Classes

Enviado por

Dados do documento

Direitos autorais

Formatos disponíveis

Compartilhar este documento

Compartilhar ou incorporar documento

Opções de compartilhamento

Você considera este documento útil?

Este conteúdo é inapropriado?

Direitos autorais:

Formatos disponíveis

P221 Piping Classes

Enviado por

Direitos autorais:

Formatos disponíveis

2000 Shell International Exploration and Production B.V. 20/06/2003 Title.

Você também pode gostar