PPE

Donning: Gown, Mask, Googles, Gloves

Removal: Gloves, Googles, Gown, Mask

AIRBORNE PRECAUTION
- private room
- negative pressure with 6-12 air exchange/hr
- n95 mask
Measles (Rubeola)
Tuberculosis (Pulmonary/ Mycobacterium)
Chicken Pox (Varicella Zoster) Airborne/Contact
Shingles ( Herpes Zoster) - Airborne/Contact
Small Pox - Airborne/Contact
DROPLET PRECAUTION
- private room
- mask
think spiderman!

o SARS
o Sepsis
o Scarlet Fever
o Streptococcal Pharyngitis
o Pertussis (Whooping Cough)
o Influenza H1N1
o Diphtheria (pharyngeal)
o Epiglottitis
o Rubella (German Measles)
o Mumps
o Meningitis (Neisseria)
o Mycoplasma / meningeal / meningococcal Pneumonia
o AdeNovirus

5th Disease (Parvovirus B19)
Croup
Pneumonia
Plague (Pneumonic)
Rhinovirus
* Droplet (like rain drops) and Rubella (umbrella to protect from rain drops)

CONTACT PRECAUTION
- private room
- gloves when entering the room of all pt
- gowns for pt and environment
think CREMVIRS

o C. Difficile
o Conjuctivitis (Viral)
o RSV
o E. Coli Gastroenteritis
o MRSA - Methicillin Resistant Staphyloccocus Aureus
o VRE - Vancomycin Resistant Enterocolitis
o Impetigo
o Rota Virus
o Scabies

Other NOTES:
Mycoplasma and Meningoccocal Pneumonia are the only Pneumonia that is DROPLET. The rest is STANDARD.
Neisseria Meningitis ( Droplet) and Viral Meningitis (Contact)
for Measles, Rubeola is Airborne while Rubella (German Measles) is Droplet
for Plague, Pneumonic Plague is Droplet while Bubonic Plague is Standard
Varicella (chickenpox) requires use of Airborne Precautions and Contact precautions as well

INFECTION CONTROL NCLEX
REVIEW
Everyone taking the NCLEX or is about to take the NCLEX has realized that the NCSBN had change some
of the content format of the NCLEX. One of the big changes includes the percent amount ofSAFETY AND
INFECTION CONTROL that will be on the NCLEX. The Safety and Infection Control now makes up about 8-
14% of the questions in the NCLEX, I believe that it only previously composed of about 9-12% prior (or I
could be wrong).
INFECTION CONTROL
Recently Infection Control makes up about 10- 13% of the NCLEX. That means that if you are able to get
the average of about 130-150 questions, then you are guaranteed to recieved between 15- 20 questions
that is related to Infection Control. Even if we get the least (75) amount of questions, we can still receive
about 7-9 questions that is related to infection control, that is a HUGE help, if we do well on these
questions. I personally dont think that Infection control is a difficult area. I believe that most of the
nursing students never really studied Infection Control, when they were in Nursing School. Therefore,
this lack of knowledge did not prepare the majority of the Nursing Student for the NCLEX.
STANDARD PRECAUTIONS
- is always done in congruent with the other types of precautions.
Transmission-based Precautions includes:
A Airborne
D Droplet
C Contact
Airborne Precaution
IS DONE WHEN SMALL DROPLETS OF INFECTED PATHOGENS ARE ABOUT ( 5 UM) ARE SUSPENDED IN THE AIR OVER TIME AND
TRAVELS A DISTANCE OF MORE THAN (3) THREE FEET.
AIRBORNE PRECAUTION IS USED WITH THESE DISEASES:
My Measles
MEASLES- OR RUBEOLA
CAN BE TRANSMITTED THROUGH BLOOD URINE AND DROPLETS
COMMUNICABLE ABOUT 4-5 DAYS AFTER THE RASH
TREATMENT: BEDREST AND ANTIBIOTICS
Chicken Chickenpox
CHICKENPOX (VARICELLA)
PT. WILL HAVE A SLIGHT FEVER
MACULAR RASH APPEARS ON TRUNK AND EVENTUALLY TURN TO CRUST.
Hez Herpes Zoster (Disseminated)
TB Tuberculosis
PRIVATE ROOM
NEGATIVE PRESSURE WITH 6-12 AIR EXCHANGES PER HOUR
UV
MASK
N95 MASK FOR TB
DROPLET PRECAUTION
S Sepsis
S Scarlet fever
S Streptococcal pharyngitis
P Pneumonia
I Influenza
D Diptheria (Pharyngeal)
E Epiglottitis
What is necesary: Private room and Mask
Contact Precation
M Multidrug resistant organism
R Respiratory infection RSV
E Enteric infections clostridium defficile
E Eye infections
Skin Infections:
V Varicella zoster
C Cutaneous diptheria
H Herpes simplex
I Impetigo
S Scabies, Staphylococcus
PRIVATE ROOM
GLOVES
GOWNS
NCLEX REVIEW ON INFECTION CONTROL
It is really important to STUDY AND UNDERSTAND INFECTION CONTROL FOR THE NCLEX EXAM.
Lets look at INFECTION CONTROL MORE CLOSELY FOR THE NCLEX:
INFECTION CONTROL: NCLEX REVIEW

NCLEX INFECTION CONTROL REVIEW ON CONTACT PRECAUTIONS
Contact Precautions -Any Physical Skin-Skin Contact
-Contact with contaminated inanimate objects
*Clean (non-sterile) gloves must be used.
*Change gloves after contact with feces, and/or wound drainage
*Remove gloves & wash hands w/antimicrobial cleanser
* Use gown if RN will have contact with, or if client is incontinent, has an iliostomy/colostomy, wound
drainage.
* Remove gown before leaving clients room
INFECTION CONTROL NCLEX DISEASES
Contact Precautions Diseases:
* MRSA
* Vancomycin resistant organisms
* Herpes simplex & zoster
* Hep A
* GI, Wound, & UTIs
* Pediculosis
* Scabies
* C. diff
* RSV
* Hep A if patient is diapered or incontinent
Lyme Disease Stage 1 = rash/papule at area of tick bite (2-30 days), concentric rings/bulls eye, lesion
enlarges quickly. Regional lymphadenopathy. Flu-like symptoms (malaise, fever, HA, myalgia, arthralgia,
conjunctivitis) within one to several months.
Stage 2 (if untreated for 1-6 mo.) = Cardiac conduction defects. Neurological disorders: facial paralysis,
paralysis that is not permanent.
Stage 3 = Arthralgias, enlarged or inflamed joints, chronic fatigue, cognitive disorders.


NCLEX DISEASES: AIRBORNE PRECAUTIONS
Airborne Precautions < 5 Microns
Make sure that these patients would require:
1. PRIVATE ROOM
2. CLOSED DOOR
3. FILTERED MASK
CLIENT REQUIRES A PRIVATE ROOM W/ NEG AIR PRESSURE AND 6-12 AIR EXCHANGES PER HOUR.
DOOR MUST REMAIN CLOSED
N-95 HEPA FILTER MASK
NCLEX DISEASES: AIRBORNE PRECAUTIONS
DISEASES:
* TB (m. Tuberculosis) MUST WEAR FIT TESTED MASK
* Measles (rubeola)
* Chicken Pox (varicella)
* Shingles (disseminated zoster)


NCLEX INFECTION CONTROL REVIEW ON DROPLET PRECAUTIONS
Droplet Precautions > 5 Microns
Client requires a private room
Room door may remain open
Any contact with conjunctiva or mucous membranes (nose or mouth), coughing, sneezing, talking or
procedures such as suctioning or bronchoscopy
Must maintain spatial separation of 3 feet
If < 3 feet, staff or visitors must wear a mask (i.e. staff giving direct care)
* When transporting client, s/he must wear a mask
Diseases:
* Diptheria
* Streptococcal pharyngitis/tonsillitis
* certain pneumonias
* Meningitis -If caused by H. influenzae Type B or N. meningitidis
* Mumps
* Pertussis
* Scarlet fever

NCLEX INFECTION CONTROL REVIEW ON AIDS
AIDS opportunistic infections
TB
PCP (P. CARINII PNEUMONIA)
C. ALBICANS
C. NEOFORMANS (DEBILITATING MENINGITIS)
CMV, KAPOSIS SARCOMA (MOST COMMON MALIGNANCY)

AIDS Syndrome +ve for HIV in blood (+ve ELISA with a Western Blot or indirect immunoflourescence
assay (IFA) follow up) and CD4/TC counts below 200
NCLEX INFECTION CONTROL: TRANSMISSION OF HEPATITIS
HEP A TRANSMISSION FECAL/ORAL (SHELLFISH IN CONTAMINATED WATER, CONTAMINATED FOOD HANDLERS ETC.)
HEP B TRANSMISSION PARENTERAL (BLOOD). MATERNAL FETAL, SEXUAL CONTACT
HEP C TRANSMISSION PARENTERAL (BLOOD), SEXUAL CONTACT
HEP D TRANSMISSION CO-INFECTS W/ HEP B