Group Members: Chereem Beaufort 1102067

Felicia Reeves 1104148

Mikkel Green 1102269
Lab - #5-Experiment 3b
Date: June 18, 2014
Title: Titremetic Analysis: Determination of the Acid-Neutralizing Power of
Commercial Antacids (Federgel)
Aim: To determine the acid neutralizing power of commercial antacids

Abstract: In this lab exercise the acid neutralizing power of antacids federgel brand was
determined by titrimetric analysis. In this method, sodium hydroxide a secondary standard was
standardized using a primary standard solution KHP. Hydrochloric acid was standardized by
adding phenolphthalein indicator to the HCL and titrated against base NaOH until the end point
was reached indicated by the pink colour. The molarity of HCL was found to be
. The analysis of antacid tablets was done by back titration. Excess HCL (50ml) was
added to the antacid solution containing the phenolphthalein indicator and there was a colour
change from pink to back to colourless. The antacid solution with the excess HCL was back
titrated with NaOH . After calculations the average millimoles of H
+
per grams was found to be
.
Introduction: Antacid counter balance the acid made by the stomach in other words, they act as
bases to neutralize stomach acids. Antacids contain Magnesium Trisilicate, Magnesium
Carbonate and Aluminium hydroxide. The stomach produces acid(hydrochloric acid) which aids
in digestion and also kill bacteria the acid is highly corrosive and may cause ulceration or heart
burn. There is a mucus barrier which protects the lining of the stomach, if this mucus membrane
is damaged the stomach lining will be exposed to the acid and this results in ulcers. The antacid
works by neutralizing the acid so as to make it less corrosive, this helps to prevent the ulcers and
gastritis and heart burn. The reach reaction between the antacid and the stomach acid HCL is a
acid base reaction. Majority of antacids contain weak bases, true a chemical reaction they
neutralize the stomach acid the most common bases which antacid contains include: magnesium
hydroxide, aluminium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate and calcium carbonate. Acid and bases
react to produce salt and water, example of the chemical reaction is magnesium hydroxide plus
hydrochloric acid produces magnesium choride and water. Antacids are insoluble and in the case
that carbon dioxide is produced they are analysed by a method known as back titration. The
antacid is allowed to react with a known amount of HCL and the excess HCL is titrated with
excess sodium hydroxide. The amount neutralized by the antacid is determined by the excess
moles minus the initial moles to give moles neutralized. If there is carbon dioxide production in a
reaction of an antacid, the carbon dioxide must be removed before titration this gas can be
removed by boiling which will shift the equilibrium in the reaction below to the left:
CO
2
+ H
2
O HCO
1-
3
(aq) + H
1+
(aq)
If CO
2
is left dissolve, the H+ produced would be titrated by sodium hydroxide.





Results:
TABLE 1- SHOWING MASS FOR KHP
1 2 3
Mass of beaker
+solid(g)
33.8645 33.7434 32.7501
Mass of beaker(g) 33.3042 33.2211 32.1985
Mass of solid(g) 0.5603 0.5223 0.5516

TABLE 2-SHOWING BURETTE READINGS FOR STANDARDISATION OF NAOH
Mass of KHP(g) 0.5603 0.5223 0.5516
Initial vol of
NaOH(ml)
4.46 4.08 2.51
Final vol of
NaOH(ml)
33.48 31.21 30.81
Titre vol of
NaOH(ml)
29.02 27.13 28.30

Observation: Solution changed from colourless to pink
TABLE 3- SHOWING MASS FOR ANTACID TABLETS

Mass of watch glass + tablets(g) 39.8185
Mass of watch glass(g) 37.3309
Mass of tablets(g) 2.4876
Avg mass of one tablet(g) 0.8292

TABLE 4- SHOWING MASS FOR CRUSHED ANTACID TABLETS
1 2 3
Mass of
beaker+antacid(g)
34.4648 33.8068 33.7431
Mass of beaker(g) 33.9211 33.2854 33.2014
Mass of antacid(g) 0.5437 0.5214 0.5417


TABLE 5- SHOWING BURETTE READINGS FOR STANDARDISATION OF HCL
Volume of HCL(ml) 25 25 25
Initial vol of
NaOH(ml)
4.22 2.78 4.21
Final vol of
NaOH(ml)
29.96 28.61 30.09
Titre vol of
NaOH(ml)
25.74 25.83 25.88
Avg titre vol of
NaOH(ml)
25.82

Observation: Solution changed from colourless to pink
ANALYSIS OF ANTACID
TABLE 6- SHOWING BACK TITRATION WITH NaOH
Mass of antacid(g) 0.5437 0.5214 0.5417
Vol of HCL used(ml) 50 50 50
Initial vol of
NaOH(ml)
2.92 2.13 2.51
Final vol of NaOH
(ml)
42.89 41.51 42.52
Titre vol of
NaOH(ml)
39.97 39.38 40.01

Observation: Solution changed from cloudy to pink
Discussion: In this experiment the boiling of the antacid solution wasnt necessary because
there was no carbonate present in the sample hence, carbon dioxide was absent. A limtitation
could be that the antacid was not fully dissolved if the solution was boiled the antacid would
have dissolved.
In order to know the effectiveness of antacid, the amount of hydrochloric acid neutralized was
normalized to the mass of tablet. The larger the normalized value, the more effective the antacid.
Conclusion: