Ilusorio v.

Bildner
FACTS:
Potenciano Ilusorio, a lawyer, 86 year old of age, possessed extensive property valued at millions of pesos. For many
year, he was the Chairman of the Board and President of Baguio Country Clu. !e was married with "rlinda #alaw
Ilusorio, herein petitioner, for $% years and egotten 6 children namely &amon, 'in Illusorio(Bildner )defendant*,
+aximo, ,ylvia, +arietta and ,hereen. -hey separated from ed and oard in ./01. Potenciano lived at +a2ati
every time he was in +anila and at Illusorio Penthouse, Baguio Country Clu when he was in Baguio City. 3n the
other hand, the petitioner, lived in 4ntipolo City.
In .//0, upon Potenciano5s arrival from 6,, he stayed with her wife for aout 7 months in 4ntipolo city. -he children,
,ylvia and 'in, alleged that during this time their mother overdose Potenciano which caused the latter5s health to
deteriorate. In Feruary .//8, "rlinda Bildner filed with &-C petition for guardianship over the person and property of
Potenciano due to the latter5s advanced age, frail health, poor eyesight and impaired 8udgment. In +ay .//8, after
attending a corporate meeting in Baguio, Potenciano did not return to 4ntipolo instead lived at Cleveland
Condominium in +a2ati. In +arch .///, petitioner, "rlinda # filed with C4 petition for haeas corpus to have the
custody of his husand alleging that the respondents refused her demands to see and visit her husand and
prohiited Potenciano from returning to 4ntipolo.
ISSUE: 9hether or not the petitioned writ of haeas corpus should e issued in order for the husand, Potenciano
Illusorio to lived with his wife "rlinda #. Illusorio.
HELD:
4 writ of habeas corpus extends to all cases of illegal confinement or detention, or y which the rightful custody of a
person is withheld from the one entitled thereto. -o 8ustify the grant for such petition, the restraint of lierty must an
illegal and involuntary deprivation of freedom of action. -he illegal restraint of lierty must e actual and effective not
merely nominal or moral.
"vidence showed that there was no actual and effective detention or deprivation of Potenciano5s lierty that would
8ustify issuance of the writ. -he fact that the latter was 86 years of age and under medication does not necessarily
render him mentally incapacitated. !e still has the capacity to discern his actions. 9ith his full mental capacity having
the right of choice, he may not e the su8ect of visitation rights against his free choice. 3therwise, he will e deprived
of his right to privacy.
-he case at ar does not involve the right of a parent to visit a minor child ut the right of a wife to visit a husand. In
any event, that the husand refuses to see his wife for private reasons, he is at lierty to do so without threat or any
penalty attached to the exercise of his right. :o court is empowered as 8udicial authority to compel a husand to live
with the wife. Coverture, is a matter eyond 8udicial authority and cannot e enforced y compulsion of a writ of
haeas corpus carried out y the sheriffs or y any other process.
Ty vs CA GR No. 127406,
November 27, 2000
FACTS:
Private respo!et, "!#ar!o Reyes, $as marrie! $it% Aa &i''a(eva i a )ivi' )eremoy i *ar)% 1+77 i *ai'a
a! s(bse,(et'y %a! a )%(r)% $e!!i# i A(#(st 1+77. -ot% $e!!i#s $ere !e)'are! ('' a! voi! ab iitio .or 'a)/
o. marria#e 'i)ese a! )oset o. t%e parties. "ve be.ore t%e !e)ree (''i.yi# t%e marria#e $as iss(e!, Reyes $e!
0.e'ia Ty %erei petitioer o Apri' 1+7+ a! %a! t%eir )%(r)% $e!!i# i *a/ati o Apri' 1+12. T%e !e)ree $as o'y
iss(e! i A(#(st 1+10. 2 3a(ary 1++1, Reyes .i'e! $it% RTC a )omp'ait to %ave %is marria#e $it% petitioer be
!e)'are! ('' a! voi!. 4e a''e#e! t%at t%ey %a! o marria#e 'i)ese $%e t%ey #ot marrie!. 4e a'so averre! t%at at t%e
time %e marrie! petitioer, %e $as sti'' marrie! to Aa *aria. 4e state! t%at at t%e time %e marrie! petitioer t%e
!e)ree o. (''ity o. %is marria#e to Aa *aria %a! ot bee iss(e!.

Petitioer, i !e.e!i# %er marria#e to private respo!et, poite! o(t t%at %is )'aim t%at t%eir marria#e $as
)otra)te! $it%o(t a va'i! 'i)ese is (tr(e. S%e s(bmitte! t%eir *arria#e 5i)ese No. 677+++0 iss(e! at Rosario,
Cavite o Apri' 7, 1+7+, as "8%. 11, 12 a! 129A. 4e !i! ot ,(estio t%is !o)(met $%e it $as s(bmitte! i
evi!e)e. Petitioer a'so s(bmitte! t%e !e)isio o. t%e 3(vei'e a! :omesti) Re'atios Co(rt o. ;(e<o City !ate!
A(#(st 4, 1+10, $%i)% !e)'are! ('' a! voi! %is )ivi' marria#e to Aa *aria Re#ia &i''a(eva )e'ebrate! o
*ar)% 2+, 1+77, a! %is )%(r)% marria#e to sai! Aa *aria o A(#(st 27, 1+77.
T%e Pasi# RTC s(staie! private respo!et=s )ivi' s(it a! !e)'are! %is marria#e to %erei petitioer ('' a! voi! ab
iitio i its !e)isio !ate! November 4, 1++1. -ot% parties appea'e! to respo!et Co(rt o. Appea's. 0 3('y 24,
1++6, t%e appe''ate )o(rt a..irme! t%e tria' )o(rt=s !e)isio. 2t r('e! t%at a >(!i)ia' !e)'aratio o. (''ity o. t%e .irst
marria#e m(st .irst be se)(re! be.ore a s(bse,(et marria#e )o('! be va'i!'y )otra)te!.
2SS?":
@%et%er or ot t%e abso'(te (''ity o. t%e previo(s o. marria#e o. Reyes )a be ivo/e! i t%e )ase at bar.
@%et%er or ot !ama#es s%o('! be a$ar!e! to 0.e'ia Ty.
4"5::
Art. 40 o. t%e FC provi!es t%at, AT%e abso'(te (''ity o. a previo(s marria#e may be ivo/e! .or p(rposes o.
remarria#e o t%e basis so'e'y o. a .ia' >(!#met !e)'ari# s()% previo(s marria#e voi!.B T%is meas t%at be.ore oe
)a eter ito a se)o! marria#e %e m(st .irst a),(ire a >(!i)ia' !e)'aratio o. t%e (''ity o. t%e previo(s marria#e a!
s()% !e)'aratio may be ivo/e! o t%e basis so'e'y o. a .ia' >(!#met !e)'ari# t%e previo(s marria#e as voi!. For
p(rposes ot%er t%a remarria#e, ot%er evi!e)es may be presete! a! t%e !e)'aratio )a be passe! (po by t%e
)o(rts. 2 t%e )ase at bar, t%e 'o$er )o(rt a! t%e CA )aot app'y t%e provisio o. t%e FC. -ot% marria#es etere! by
Reyes $ere so'emi<e! prior to t%e FC. T%e o'! CC !i! ot %ave ay provisio t%at states t%at t%ere m(st be s()% a
!e)'aratio be.ore remarria#e )a be !oe %e)e 0.e'ia=s marria#e $it% Reyes is va'i!. T%e provisios o. t%e FC Ctoo/
e..e)t i =17D )aot be app'ie! retroa)tive'y espe)ia''y be)a(se t%ey $o('! impair t%e veste! ri#%ts o. 0.e'ia (!er
t%e CC $%i)% $as operatioa' !(ri# %er marria#e $it% Reyes.
F(rt%ermore, SC is i t%e opiio o. t%e 'o$er )o(rts t%at o !ama#es s%o('! be a$ar!e! to t%e $i.e $%o so(#%t
!ama#es a#aist t%e %(sba! .or .i'i# a base'ess )omp'ait )a(si# %er meta' a#(is%, a8iety, besmir)%e!
rep(tatio, so)ia' %(mi'iatio a! a'ieatio .rom %er parets. Asi!e .rom t%e .a)t, t%at petitioer $ats %er marria#e
to private respo!et %e'! va'i! a! s(bsisti#. S%e is 'i/e$ise s(i# to maitai %er stat(s as 'e#itimate $i.e. To #rat
%er petitio .or !ama#es $o('! res('t to a sit(atio $%ere t%e %(sba! pays t%e $i.e !ama#es .rom )o>(#a' or
)ommo .(!s. To !o so, $o('! ma/e t%e app'i)atio o. t%e 'a$ abs(r!. *oreover, P%i'ippie 'a$s !o ot
)ompre%e! a a)tio .or !ama#es bet$ee %(sba! a! $i.e mere'y be)a(se o. brea)% o. a marita' ob'i#atio.
4e)e, t%e petitio $as #rate!. *arria#e bet$ee Ty a! Reyes is !e)'are! va'i! a! s(bsisti# a! t%e a$ar! o. t%e
amo(t o. P16,000 is rati.ie! a! maitaie! as mot%'y s(pport to t%eir 2 )%i'!re .or as 'o# as t%ey are o. mior
a#e or ot%er$ise 'e#a''y etit'e! t%ereto.
G0 &S CA
FACTS: Respo!ets spo(ses 4ermo#ees a! 3ae 0# #ot marrie! a! t%e vi!eo )overa#e o. t%e $e!!i#
$as provi!e! by petitioers at a )otra)t pri)e o. P1,660.00. T%e e$'y$e!s trie! to )'aim t%e vi!eotape o. t%eir
$e!!i# .or t%ree times, $%i)% t%ey p'ae! to s%o$ to t%eir re'atives i t%e ?ite! States $%ere t%ey $ere to spe!
t%eir %oeymoo, a! t%ri)e t%ey .ai'e! be)a(se t%e tape $as apparet'y ot yet pro)esse!. T%e parties t%e a#ree!
t%at t%e tape $o('! be rea!y (po private respo!ets= ret(r.
@%e private respo!ets )ame %ome .rom t%eir %oeymoo, %o$ever, t%ey .o(! o(t t%at t%e tape %a! bee
erase! by petitioers a! t%ere.ore, )o('! o 'o#er be !e'ivere!.
F(rio(s at t%e 'oss o. t%e tape $%i)% $as s(ppose! to be t%e o'y re)or! o. t%eir $e!!i#, private respo!ets
.i'e! a )omp'ait .or spe)i.i) per.orma)e a! !ama#es a#aist petitioers be.ore t%e Re#ioa' Tria' Co(rt.
:issatis.ie! $it% t%e !e)isio, petitioers e'evate! t%e )ase to t%e Co(rt o. Appea's, $%i)% !ismisse! t%e appea'
a! a..irme! t%e tria' )o(rt=s !e)isio.
4e)e, t%is petitio.
Petitioer A'e8 Go ,(estios t%e .i!i# o. t%e RTC a! CA %o'!i# %im >oit'y a! severa''y 'iab'e $it% %is $i.e
Na)y re#ar!i# t%e 'iabi'ities impose!. 4e ar#(es t%at $%e %is $i.e etere! ito t%e )otra)t $it% private
respo!et, s%e $as a)ti# a'oe .or %er so'e iterest.
2SS?": @%et%er or ot Arti)'e 77 o. t%e Fami'y Co!e is app'i)ab'e i t%e )ase at bar, ma/i# A'e8 Go abso've! .rom
ay 'iabi'ity to private respo!ets a! ma/i# Na)y so'e'y 'iab'e to sai! respo!ets
4"5:: Ees. ?!er Arti)'e 117 o. t%e Civi' Co!e Co$ Arti)'e 77 o. t%e Fami'y Co!eD, t%e $i.e may e8er)ise ay
pro.essio, o))(patio or e#a#e i b(siess $it%o(t t%e )oset o. t%e %(sba!. 2 t%e istat )ase, $e are )ovi)e!
t%at it $as o'y petitioer Na)y Go $%o etere! ito t%e )otra)t $it% private respo!et. Cose,(et'y, $e r('e t%at
s%e is so'e'y 'iab'e to private respo!ets .or t%e !ama#es a$ar!e! be'o$, p(rs(at to t%e pri)ip'e t%at )otra)ts
pro!()e e..e)t o'y as bet$ee t%e parties $%o e8e)(te t%em.
Ayala Investments vs CA
GR No. 118305, February 12, 1998
Fa)ts:
P%i'ippie -'oomi# *i''s CP-*D obtaie! a P60,700,000 'oa .rom petitioer Aya'a 2vestmet a! :eve'opmet Corporatio
CA2:CD. Respo!et A'.re!o C%i#, "8e)(tive &i)e Presi!et o. P-*, e8e)(te! se)(rity a#reemets, ma/i# %im >oit'y a!
severa''y as$erab'e $it% P-*=s i!ebte!ess to A2:C.
P-* .ai'e! to pay t%e 'oa. T%(s, A2:C .i'e! a )ase .or s(m o. moey a#aist P-* a! respo!et9%(sba! C%i# $it% t%e t%e
Co(rt o. First 2sta)e o. Ri<a' CPasi#D.
A.ter tria', t%e )o(rt re!ere! >(!#met or!eri# P-* a! respo!et9%(sba! A'.re!o C%i# to >oit'y a! severa''y pay A2:C
t%e pri)ipa' amo(t o. P60,700,000.00 $it% iterests.
Pe!i# t%e appea' o. t%e >(!#met, RTC iss(e! a $rit o. e8e)(tio. T%erea.ter, *a#sa>o, appoite! !ep(ty s%eri.., )a(se! t%e
iss(a)e a! servi)e (po respo!et spo(ses o. t%e oti)e o. s%eri.. sa'e o 7 o. t%eir )o>(#a' properties.
Respo!et spo(ses C%i# .i'e! a )ase o. i>()tio a#aist petitioers to e>oi t%e a()tio sa'e a''e#i# t%at petitioers )aot
e.or)e t%e >(!#met a#aist t%e )o>(#a' parters%ip 'evie! o t%e #ro(! t%at t%e 'oa !i! ot re!o(! to t%e bee.it o. t%e sai!
)o>(#a' parters%ip. RTC iss(e! a TR0 to prevet petitioer *a#sa>o .rom pro)ee!i# $it% t%e t%e sa'e o. t%e properties at
p(b'i) a()tio.
A2:C ,(estioe! t%e or!er o. t%e 'o$er )o(rt e>oii# t%e sa'e. CA t%e iss(e! a TR0 e>oii# t%e 'o$er )o(rt .rom e.or)i#
its 0r!er t%(s pavi# t%e $ay .or t%e a()tio sa'e o. t%e )o>(#a' properties o. spo(ses C%i#. T%e a()tio too/ p'a)eF A2:C
bei# t%e o'y bi!!er $as iss(e! a Certi.i)ate o. Sa'e.
A2:C s(bse,(et'y .i'e! a motio to !ismiss t%e petitio .or i>()tio .i'e! be.ore CF2 o t%e #ro(! t%at t%e same %a! be)ome
moot a! a)a!emi) $it% t%e )os(mmatio o. t%e sa'e. Respo!ets .i'e! t%eir oppositio to t%e motio a! ar#(e! t%at $%ere a
t%ir! party $%o )'aims o$ers%ip o. t%e property atta)%e! or 'evie! (po, a !i..eret 'e#a' sit(atio is presete!F a! t%at i t%is
)ase, 2 o. t%e rea' properties are i t%e ame o. ")ara)io C%i#, a o9party to Civi' Case.
T%e tria' )o(rt prom('#ate! its !e)isio !e)'ari# t%e sa'e ('' a! voi!. CA a..irme! t%e !e)isio o. RTC a! %e'! t%at t%e 'oa
pro)(re! .rom A2:C $as .or t%e a!va)emet a! bee.it o. P-* a! ot .or t%e bee.it o. t%e )o>(#a' parters%ip o. Spo(ses
C%i#.
A2:C .i'e! a *otio .or Re)osi!eratio $%i)% $as !eie! by t%e CA. A2:C poite! o(t t%at t%ere is o ee! to prove t%at a)t(a'
bee.it re!o(!e! to t%e bee.it o. t%e parters%ipF $%at is e)essary is t%at t%e trasa)tio $as etere! ito .or t%e bee.it o. t%e
)o>(#a' parters%ip .
Issue: !et!er or not loan a"#u$re% by &'( )rom Ayala Investments as *uarantee% by Al)re%o C!$n* be re%oun%e% to t!e
"on+u*al ,artners!$, o) t!e s,ouses.
-el%: No. T%e 'oa pro)(re! .rom A2:C $as .or t%e a!va)emet a! bee.it o. P-* a! ot .or t%e bee.it o. t%e )o>(#a'
parters%ip o. C%i#. Arti)'e 121 o. t%e Fami'y Co!e provi!es t%at t%e )o>(#a' parters%ip s%a'' be 'iab'e .or: C2D A'' !ebts a!
ob'i#atios )otra)te! !(ri# t%e marria#e by t%e !esi#ate! A!miistrator9Spo(se .or t%e bee.it o. t%e )o>(#a' parters%ip o.
#ais. 4o$ever, A2:C .ai'e! to prove t%at C%i# )otra)te! t%e !ebt .or t%e bee.it o. t%e )o>(#a' parters%ip o. #ais.
P-* %as a persoa'ity !isti)t a! separate .rom t%e .ami'y o. C%i# !espite t%e .a)t t%at t%ey %appee! to be sto)/%o'!ers o.
sai! )orporate etity. C'ear'y, t%e !ebt $as a )orporate !ebt a! ri#%t o. re)o(rse to C%i# as s(rety is o'y to t%e e8tet o. %is
)orporate sto)/%o'!i#s.
-ase! .rom t%e .ore#oi# >(rispr(!etia' r('i#s o. t%e )o(rt, Ai. t%e moey or servi)es are #ive to aot%er perso or etity, a!
t%e %(sba! a)te! o'y as a s(rety or #(arator, t%at )otra)t )aot, by itse'., a'oe be )ate#ori<e! as .a''i# $it%i t%e )ote8t o.
ob'i#atios .or t%e bee.it o. t%e )o>(#a' parters%ipB.
T%e )otra)t o. 'oa or servi)es is )'ear'y .or t%e bee.it o. t%e pri)ipa' !ebtor a! ot .or t%e s(rety or %is .ami'y. C%i# o'y
si#e! as a s(rety .or t%e 'oa )otra)te! $it% A2:C i be%a'. o. P-*. Si#i# as a s(rety is )ertai'y ot a e8er)ise o. a
i!(stry or pro.essioF it is ot embar/i# i a b(siess. 4e)e, t%e )o>(#a' parters%ip s%o('! ot be ma!e 'iab'e .or t%e s(rety
a#reemet $%i)% $as )'ear'y .or t%e bee.it o. P-*.
T%e )o(rt !i! ot s(pport t%e )otetio o. t%e petitioer t%at a bee.it .or t%e .ami'y may %ave res('te! $%e t%e #(aratee $as
i .avor o. C%i#=s emp'oymet si)e t%e bee.its )otemp'ate! i Art. 161 o. t%e Civi' Co!e m(st be oe !ire)t'y res('ti# .rom
t%e 'oa. 2t m(st ot be a mere by pro!()t or a spi9o.. o. t%e 'oa itse'..