MAGNETISM

What is magnetism?
Force of attraction or repulsion
due to electron arrangement
Magnetic forces are the
strongest at the poles
Magnets have two poles: North
and South
Elements that can be magnetic
1. Fe: Iron
soft iron loses magnetism easily
2. Co: Cobalt
used to harden tools
3. Ni: Nickel
used to make jewelry

Other magnets:
1. Compass
2. Earth




What is a Magnet?
Any material that attracts iron and materials that
contain iron, Nickel, or Cobalt.
Magnetic poles are
where the magnetic
force exerted by the
magnet is strongest.
All magnets have a north
pole and a south pole.
Magnetic Poles
Magnetism
For a bar magnet, the north and south poles
are at the opposite ends.
The two ends of a horseshoe-shaped magnet
are the north and south poles.
A magnet shaped like
a disk has opposite
poles on the top and
bottom of the disk.
Magnetic Poles
Magnetism
Magnetic field lines
always connect the
north pole and the
south pole of a magnet.
MAGNETS
Properties
1. Have domain (lined up atoms)
2. Have polarity (characteristic of
magnetism)
North-seeking pole (normal)
South-seeking pole (reversed)
3. Cannot have only 1 pole
*** magnetic poles cannot be isolated***
4. Like poles repel; Opposite poles attract

Lets Recap
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ak8B
h9Zka50

Two magnets can either attract or repel each
other.
Two north poles or two south poles of two
magnets repel each other. However, north
poles and south poles always attract each
other.
How Magnets Interact
Magnetism
When two magnets are brought close to each
other, their magnetic fields combine to
produce a new magnetic field.
A compass can help determine direction
because the north pole of the compass needle
points north.
This is because
Earth acts like a
giant bar magnet
and is surrounded
by a magnetic
field that extends
into space.
Earths Magnetic Field
Magnetism
Earths Magnetic Field
Magnetism
Just as with a
bar magnet, the
compass
needle aligns
with Earths
magnetic field
lines.
Magnetic poles and fields
Magnets always have two poles
If a magnet is cut it will still have two
poles
Like magnetic poles repel
Unlike magnetic poles attract
A magnetic field is the area in which
magnetic forces act
A magnet is surrounded
by a magnetic field. A
magnetic field exerts a
force on other magnets
and objects made of
magnetic materials.
Magnetic Field
Magnetism
The magnetic field is
strongest close to the
magnet and weaker far
away.
The magnetic field can
be represented by lines
of force, or magnetic
field lines.
A magnetic field also has
a direction. The direction
of the magnetic field
around a bar magnet is
shown by the arrows.
Magnetic Field
Magnetism
MAGNETIC FIELDS
Magnetic field lines
1. Leaves north pole & enters
south pole
2. Lines closer together =
stronger field

NOTICE
1. Strongest at the poles
2. Field lines start at the
NORTH pole and travel
towards the SOUTH pole
An area where the force exists; area where force is felt
One more time
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MZt
TVsIOA9c

Questions
What two forces are involved in
magnetism?
Explain the interaction between
magnetic poles when they are close
together.
Section Check
Question 1
What is the difference between a
magnetic field and a magnetic pole?
Section Check
Answer
A magnetic field is the area surrounding
a magnet that exerts a force on other
magnets and magnetic materials. A
magnetic pole is the region on a magnet
where the magnetic force is strongest.
Section Check
Question 2
How do unlike magnetic poles interact?
Answer
Two magnets can either attract or repel
each other. Like magnetic poles repel
each other and unlike poles attract each
other.
Section Check
Question 3
Groups of atoms with aligned magnetic
poles are called __________.
A. magnetic charges
B. magnetic domains
C. magnetic fields
D. magnetic materials