PARTICIPACIN CIUDADANA PARTICIPACIN CIUDADANA Frank Castillo Salazar Frank Castillo Salazar Contralor Gnral !l Esta!o "#ri!a Contralor Gnral !l Esta!o "#ri!a 0 A tra$#s !l ti%&o' la A!%inistra(i)n P*+li(a' n %atria ! Control So(ial' st,$o s,%i!a n (irtas (on(&(ions tra!i(ionalistas- En l %ar(o ! las n,$as (on(&(ions !l Control So(ial' s to%a n (,nta al (i,!a!ano (o%o &rin(i&al nt .is(aliza!or tanto ! la .i(in(ia n la &rsta(i)n ! sr$i(ios &*+li(os' (o%o ! las /stions' &asa!as' &rsnts 0 .,t,ras' ! (ar1(tr in!i$i!,al o (ol(ti$o- La Contralora General del Estado Mrida La Contralora General del Estado Mrida atn!in!o a las n,$as tn!n(ias 0 n &ro ! ,na (onstant a(t,aliza(i)n (on $isi)n ! .,t,ro' a(o/ (on antriori!a! a la &ro%,l/a(i)n ! la Constit,(i)n ! la R&*+li(a 2oli$ariana ! Vnz,la' n,$as !ir(tri(s n (,anto a la &arti(i&a(i)n (i,!a!ana s r.ir 0 l &a&l .,n!a%ntal 3, 4,/an las Contralor5as So(ials n l Control ! la Gsti)n P*+li(a- Esta Contralor5a (o%&art l (ritrio 6&rsa!o &or l a(t,al Contralor Gnral ! la R&*+li(a' al r.rir lo si/,int7 8el rol de controlar y fiscalizar la accin administrativa corresponde a todos los ciudadanos, lo cual en su cuantificacin ms simple significa que en el pas existen alrededor de 23 millones de contralores. Afirmacin que le da contenido al eslogan que encarna nuestra imagen: Contralores somos todos. Contralores somos todos significa que quien es responsale de las atriuciones que le confieren el ordenamiento legal y reglamentario, seamos servidores p!licos en distintas escalas "errquicas de la administracin o ciudadanos veedores de la actuacin de los administradores, deemos traa"ar con diligencia y #onestidad para que sea una realidad la transparencia en el mane"o de los fondos y recursos de la $acin. %ontralores somos todos no es una expresin vaca: representa nuestra conviccin institucional y una manera de inculcar a cada ciudadano el deer de participar&. ' En st snti!o' (a+ s9alar' 3, la Contralor5a Gnral !l Esta!o "#ri!a' :a(ia l a9o ;<<<' s&(5.i(a%nt l = ! no$i%+r' (on(i+ la .i/,ra ! los Contralors Co%,nitarios n l Esta!o' %!iant Rsol,(i)n N> ??' !l !o(tor L,5s Vl1s3,z Al$ara0' n (on(or!an(ia (on l art5(,lo ; ! la L0 ! Contralor5a Gnral !l Esta!o "#ri!a- Esta Rsol,(i)n r/,la+a la .i/,ra ! los Contralors Co%,nitarios' (o%o s,4tos i%&ortants ! &arti(i&a(i)n n l 4r(i(io !l (ontrol' 1 CLODOS2ALDO RUSSI@N UAC@TEGUI- Contralor Gnral ! la R&*+li(a- In.or% ! Gsti)n ?BB=- 1 $i/ilan(ia 0 .is(aliza(i)n' 3, &ro%,$n la .i(in(ia 0 .i(a(ia n l %an4o ! los r(,rsos &*+li(os- Una $z $i/nt la Constit,(i)n ! ;<<<' la &arti(i&a(i)n (i,!a!ana a!3,ir ran/o Constit,(ional' la Contralor5a Gnral !l Esta!o "#ri!a' a4,sta s, str,(t,ra or/aniza(ional 0 l ;? ! s&ti%+r !l a9o ?BBB (ra la Oficina de Atencin al Oficina de Atencin al Ciudadano Ciudadano' (o%o l )r/ano rs&onsa+l ! atn!r 0 orintar a 3,ins asistan a la Contralor5a Gnral !l Esta!o "#ri!a &ara la rsol,(i)n ! as,ntos !tr%ina!os' as5 (o%o r(i+ir las !n,n(ias' r(la%os' s,/rn(ias 0 &ti(ions 3, .or%,ln los (i,!a!anos' (,0a atn(i)n sa (o%&tn(ia ! la Contralor5a 0' ! no rs,ltar &ro(!nt s r%iti!o a los )r/anos (o%&tnts- El art5(,lo CD ! la L0 ! la Contralor5a Gnral ! la R&*+li(a 0 !l Sist%a Na(ional ! Control Fis(al' sta+l(7 8El Contralor Gnral ! la R&,+li(a' %!iant rsol,(i)n 3, s &,+li(ara n la Ga(ta O.i(ial ! la R&,+li(a 2oli$ariana ! Vnz,la' !i(tara las nor%as !stina!as a .o%ntar la &arti(i&a(i)n ! los (i,!a!anos' :a(in!o s&(ial #n.asis n los si/,ints as&(tos7 ;- Atn!r las ini(iati$as ! la (o%,ni!a! n l &ro(so ! &arti(i&a(i)n (i,!a!ana n l (ontrol .is(alE ?- Or!nar' !iri/ir' sist%atizar 0 $al,ar las !n,n(ias (i,!a!anasE F- Esta+l(r strat/ias ! &ro%o(i)n ! la &arti(i&a(i)n (i,!a!ana &ara (oa!0,$ar a la $i/ilan(ia ! la /sti)n .is(alE =- Pro%o$r %(anis%os ! (ontrol (i,!a!ano n &ro0(tos ! alto i%&a(to (on)%i(o' .inan(iro 0 so(ial-G As5 %is%o' n (on(or!an(ia (on l art5(,lo ;H= ! la Constit,(i)n ! la R&*+li(a 2oli$ariana ! Vnz,la' s &ro%,$ la &arti(i&a(i)n sist%1ti(a' o+4ti$a 0 $ol,ntaria ! la &o+la(i)n or/aniza!a a tra$#s ! los 8Contralors Co%,nitariosG' .i/,ra 0a (on(+i!a 0 r/,la!a n la Rsol,(i)n N> ?? ! la Contralor5a Gnral !l Esta!o "#ri!a' &ara $lar &or3, los &ro(sos ! Plani.i(a(i)n 0 E4(,(i)n ! Pro0(tos 3, +n.i(in a las (o%,ni!a!s s rali(n 2 Medios de Participacin. BUZN DE DENUNCIAS n (on!i(ions ! (ali!a!' ti%&o 0 (ostos (on$ni!os 0 n (aso (ontrario &ro&i(iar la a&li(a(i)n ! a((ions (orr(ti$as &or &art ! las a,tori!a!s (o%&tnts- Ds! nton(s' a tra$#s ! la O.i(ina ! Atn(i)n al Ci,!a!ano' la instit,(i)n :a !iri/i!o ,n /ran s.,rzo n +rin!ar a&o0o a la (o%,ni!a! %ri!9a &ara 3, ! .or%a or/aniza!a 0 (on4,nta rali( l tra+a4o ! $al,a(i)n' (ontrol 0 s/,i%into ! las o+ras 0 &ro/ra%as so(ials 3, a!lanta l E4(,ti$o R/ional- As,%in!o (on /ran snti!o ! rs&onsa+ili!a! 0 (o%&ro%iso %oral la (a&a(ita(i)n ! los (i,!a!anos 0 (i,!a!anas' n .,n(i)n ! insrtarlo n los n,$os s3,%as ! (a%+io 3, i%&on la a(ti$i!a! ! (ontrol' la (,al s :a i!o 6&an!in!o ant la 6&(tati$a ! ,na so(i!a! 3, r(la%a (a!a $z %1s l !r(:o a sr in.or%a!a a (r(a !l ,so 3, s l !a al !inro &*+li(o- As5' la !ir((i)n' ! la Contralor5a !l Esta!o :a %&rn!i!o ,na &ol5ti(a ! int/ra(i)n 0 a&rt,ra :a(ia las (o%,ni!a!s' (on l .in ! s,%inistrar las :rra%intas n(sarias n las 1ras ! .or%a(i)n' s,&r$isi)n 0 .is(aliza(i)n ! los &lans ! !sarrollo- Lo 3, :a si/ni.i(a!o' no s)lo la raliza(i)n ! $isitas &rsonaliza!as a (a!a lo(ali!a!' s(tor o %,ni(i&io !l Esta!o' sino ta%+i#n la or/aniza(i)n ! r,nions' tallrs 0 .oros &ara +rin!ar la .or%a(i)n t#(ni(oIa!%inistrati$a n(saria &ara 3, los Contralors So(ials' l/i!os &or #stas &,!an 4r(r ,na la+or o+4ti$a 0 n a&o0o al r/ano ! Control Fis(al- 3 FORMACION DE CONTRAORES SOCIAES Ta!!eres de ind"ccin a !as co#"nidades La L0 Contra la Corr,&(i)n JG-O-R-2-V- N> D-KFC E6t- ! .(:a C ! a+ril ! ?BBFL n s, art5(,lo < !is&on la o+li/a(i)n ! to!os los nts 0 or/anis%os !l &o!r &*+li(o ! (rar las o.i(inas ! atn(i)n al &*+li(o o ! atn(i)n (i,!a!ana' !on! s in.or%ar1 so+r la ,tiliza(i)n ! los +ins 0 l /asto ! los r(,rsos 3, int/ran l &atri%onio &*+li(o 0 3, s !+r5a &onr a la !is&osi(i)n ! (,al3,ir &rsona ,n in.or% !talla!o ! .1(il %an4o 0 (o%&rnsi)n' so+r l &atri%onio 3, a!%inistran (on la !s(ri&(i)n 0 4,sti.i(a(i)n ! s, ,tiliza(i)n- (as oficinas de atencin al ciudadano, estrategia promovida por el )rganismo %ontralor para incentivar a los ciudadanos a participar en el control de la gestin p!lica, mediante la denuncia de presuntos #ec#os irregulares en el uso y mane"o de los recursos por parte de los administradores, incluidas posteriormente en la (ey %ontra la %orrupcin, #an demostrado su efectividad como instrumento de participacin, pues lograron con una visin educativa y orientadora renovar el derec#o de los ciudadanos a controlar el mane"o de los recursos p!licos&. 2 Atn!in!o a los (a%+ios 3, s $inn !an!o tanto n la so(i!a! $nzolana' (o%o n l %ar(o 4,r5!i(o 3, la a+ri/a' la Contralor5a Gnral !l Esta!o "#ri!a' :a %antni!o ,na (onstant s,&r$isi)n ! los &ro/ra%as 0 o+ras 3, ll$a a (a+o l Go+irno R/ional' in$itan!o (onstant%nt a las (o%,ni!a!s a int/rars n l (ontrol .is(al' 0a 3, a tra$#s !l (ontralor (o%,nitario 0 la in(or&ora(i)n ! las or/aniza(ions $(inals s /arantiza la in$rsi)n n +n.i(io ! la (ol(ti$i!a!- A tra$#s ! la O.i(ina ! Atn(i)n al Ci,!a!ano' la Contralor5a Gnral !l Esta!o "#ri!a' %antin ,na (onstant %oti$a(i)n ! las (o%,ni!a!s &ara la !si/na(i)n ! los Contralors Co%,nitarios' raz)n &or la (,al ., !is9a!o ,n %atrial i%&rso 3, s ntr/a a los !iri/nts $(inals' l,/o ! &ro&i(iar r,nions ! tra+a4o &ara sta+l(r los %4ors %(anis%os ! &arti(i&a(i)n (i,!a!ana n l (ontrol .is(al- 2 CLODOS2ALDO RUSSI@N UAC@TEGUI- Contralor Gnral ! la R&*+li(a- In.or% ! Gsti)n ?BB= 4
El Control Co%,nitario' $isto !s! ,na &rs&(ti$a ! n,$o %o!lo &ol5ti(o 0 so(ial !l &a5s' ntr/a a la &o+la(i)n ,na rs&onsa+ili!a! &rota/)ni(a n la to%a ! !(isions- D %anra s&(ial' l %ar(o 4,r5!i(o $nzolano :a 6&ri%nta!o (a%+ios si/ni.i(ati$os 3, !an a&rt,ra a la &arti(i&a(i)n (i,!a!ana' +,s(an!o &or llo la a(ti$a(i)n ! las or/aniza(ions $(inals &ara $in(,larlas al (ontrol !ir(to ! la /sti)n &*+li(a- El Control Co%,nitario s nton(s' ,na rs&onsa+ili!a! (i,!a!ana 3, i%&li(a la &arti(i&a(i)n sist%1ti(a' o+4ti$a 0 $ol,ntaria ! la &o+la(i)n &ara $lar &or la .i(a(ia 0 .i(in(ia ! la /sti)n &*+li(a- METAS LOGRADAS METAS LOGRADAS 5 INSPECCIN DE OBAS ! POGAMAS SOCIALES CON LAS COM"NIDADES Ca+ s9alar (o%o %tas lo/ra!as &or la O.i(ina ! Atn(i)n al Ci,!a!ano' las si/,ints7 aL "oti$a(i)n' &ro%o(i)n in(or&ora(i)n ! las (o%,ni!a!s or/aniza!as n l &ro(so ! &arti(i&a(i)n (i,!a!ana &ara (oa!0,$ar a la $i/ilan(ia ! la Gsti)n Fis(al- +L I%&l%nta(i)n ! las Contralor5as Co%,nitarias &ara lo/rar la &arti(i&a(i)n ! la (o%,ni!a! or/aniza!a n la $al,a(i)n 0 (ontrol ! las o+ras 0 &ro/ra%as so(ials 3, s 4(,tan- (L La atn(i)n &rsonal 0 !ir(ta ! to!os los (i,!a!anos 3, :an asisti!o a la Contralor5a Gnral !l Esta!o' n +,s(a ! sol,(ions &ara ,n as,nto s&(5.i(o' rla(iona!o (on las (o%&tn(ias ! st Or/anis%o- !L Esta+l(i%into ! ,n (onta(to !ir(to 0 (onstant (on los in.or%ants' &ara noti.i(arls so+r las a(t,a(ions 3, :a( #sta o.i(ina' (on rs&(to a las !n,n(ias .or%,la!as- D tals a(ti$i!a!s' s !s&rn!n !s! s, ini(io :asta la .(:a' las si/,ints sta!5sti(as7 J*ala '+- A#os $%%% $%%& $%%$ $%%' $%%( $%%) Visitas 0Mo atn(i)n a las (o%,ni!a!s- =< DF CH C< <D ;D? Dn,n(ias r(i+i!as !on! la Contralor5a Gnral !l Esta!o "#ri!a tin (o%&tn(ia- H= KC ?D ?K ?H ?C Planta%intos r(i+i!os !on! la Contralor5a Gnral ! Esta!o "#ri!a no tin (o%&tn(ia ;H FC ;K ;= BK B= Tallr ! in!,((i)n a las (o%,ni!a!s ?F =K HH ;?B ;F? ;H= Tabla 1 6 Prosi/,in!o (on l o+4ti$o ! in(nti$ar la &arti(i&a(i)n (i,!a!ana' st r/ano ! Control Fis(al E6trno' n .(:a FB ! %arzo ! ?BB=' s/*n Rsol,(i)n ! la Contralor5a Gnral !l Esta!o "#ri!a N> <F' (ra la Gerencia de Gerencia de Partici*acin Ciudadana + Medios Alternati,os Partici*acin Ciudadana + Medios Alternati,os' &or %!io ! #sta' s %atrializa la &arti(i&a(i)n ! la (i,!a!an5a s/*n lo !is&,sto n la Constit,(i)n ! la R&,+li(a 2oli$ariana ! Vnz,la' n la L0 Or/1ni(a ! la Contralor5a Gnral ! la R&,+li(a 0 !l Sist%a Na(ional !l Control Fis(al' 0 l rsto !l or!na%into l/al 3, r/,la la %atria a o+4to ! 6tn!r l 4r(i(io !l (ontrol .is(al a la so(i!a! (i$il- Tin (o%o o+4ti$os los si/,ints7 A- Atn!r las !n,n(ias &rsnta!as &or los (i,!a!anos 0Mo la (o%,ni!a! or/aniza!a- - 2- In.or%ar a los (i,!a!anos so+r la ,tiliza(i)n ! los +ins 0 l /asto ! los r(,rsos 3, int/ran l &atri%onio &*+li(o !l Po!r P,+li(o !l Esta!o "#ri!a- C- Coor!inar las $isitas !l Contralor a los !i.rnts %,ni(i&ios !l Esta!o "#ri!a' (on l .in ! .ortal(r la a((i)n ! (ontrol .is(al- D- In(nti$ar la tara (ontralora n las (o%,ni!a!s' a tra$#s ! la (a&a(ita(i)n' tallrs' s%inarios' 0 (,rsos' 3, (on la (ola+ora(i)n 0 (on$nios (on nts !l ni$l Na(ional' la ESUCOF 0 l FONVIS' (onll$n a ,n (ontrol ! (ali!a! ! la /sti)n &or &art ! las (o%,ni!a!s 0 &or n! al +,n !stino 0 ,so ! los r(,rsos &*+li(os- 7 Gerencia de Partici*acin Ciudadana Entr las %tas lo/ra!as &or la Grn(ia ! Parti(i&a(i)n Ci,!a!ana 0 "!ios Altrnati$os' s !sta(a lo si/,int7 "oti$a(i)n' &ro%o(i)n in(or&ora(i)n ! las (o%,ni!a!s %ri!9as or/aniza!as n l &ro(so ! &arti(i&a(i)n (i,!a!ana &ara (oa!0,$ar a la $i/ilan(ia ! la /sti)n .is(al- I%&l%nta(i)n ! las Contralor5as Co%,nitarias &ara lo/rar la &arti(i&a(i)n ! la (o%,ni!a! or/aniza!a n la $al,a(i)n 0 (ontrol ! las o+ras 0 &ro/ra%as so(ials 3, s 4(,tan- La atn(i)n &rsonal 0 !ir(ta a to!os los (i,!a!anos 3, :an asisti!o a la Contralor5a Gnral !l Esta!o' n +,s(a ! sol,(ions &ara ,n as,nto s&(i.i(o' rla(iona!o (on las (o%&tn(ias ! st r/ano- Esta+l(i%into ! ,n (onta(to !ir(to 0 (onstant (on los in.or%ants' &ara noti.i(arls so+r las a(t,a(ions 3, raliza la Grn(ia ! Parti(i&a(i)n Ci,!a!ana 0 "!ios Altrnati$os (on rs&(to a las !n,n(ias .or%,la!as- S or/anizo l I S%inario Na(ional ! Parti(i&a(i)n Ci,!a!ana n l Control Fis(al !on! s ll$o a (a+o la &ri%ra !is(,si)n !l &ro0(to ! L0 ! los Contralors Co%,nitarios 0 (ont) (on la &arti(i&a(i)n !l Contralor Gnral ! la R&,+li(a' S,+I(ontralora' Contralors ! Esta!o' !i&,ta!os a la Asa%+la Na(ional 0 (o%,ni!a! n /nral' r,nin!o a %1s ! DBB asistnts- Atn!in!o (on lo sta+l(i!o n l arti(,lo ;H= ! la Constit,(i)n Na(ional 0 l arti(,lo CD ! la L0 ! la Contralor5a Gnral ! la R&,+li(a 0 !l Sist%a Na(ional ! Control Fis(al n los (,als s &ro%,$ la &arti(i&a(i)n sist%1ti(a' o+4ti$a 0 $ol,ntaria ! la &o+la(i)n or/aniza!a' la Contralor5a Gnral !l Esta!o "#ri!a a tra$#s ! la O.i(ina ! Atn(i)n al Ci,!a!ano $in ralizan!o ins&((ions a las o+ras 0 &ro/ra%as so(ials 3, $in a!lantan!o l Go+irno R/ional n los !i.rnts %,ni(i&ios !l Esta!o "#ri!a- S :an r(i+i!o i%&ortants $isitas ! Contralors Esta!als 0 ",ni(i&als' 3,ins :an %ani.sta!o s, intr#s n la &ro!,(ti$a tara 3, sta .(t,an!o la Contralor5a Gnral !l Esta!o "#ri!a rs&(to a la l((i)n 0 .or%a(i)n ! los Contralors Co%,nitarios 8 En %!io ! la 6&rin(ia 3, :a tni!o la Contralor5a !l Esta!o' a!%1s ! sr &ionra n la .or%a(i)n ! (ontralors (o%,nitarios' s tra+a4aron ,na sri ! .a(tors 3, s .,ron s,s(itan!o n l (a%ino' ! los (,als &,! rsaltars los si/,ints as&(tos7 De-ilidades. a- La .alta ! instr,%nta(i)n l/al' 3, !sarroll los &rin(i&ios (onstit,(ionals ! la &arti(i&a(i)n (i,!a!ana n l Control So(ial- Ello tra (o%o (ons(,n(ia' ,n $a(5o n (,anto a las !ir(tri(s 3, !+n tnr (o%o 4 los (ontralors (o%,nitarios a la :ora ! 4r(r l (ontrol so(ial- +- El Contralor so(ial' s ,n a/nt a(ti$o ! las (o%,ni!a!s' (,0a la+or la 4r( ad honorem 0 no (on %iras a o+tnr +n.i(ios in!i$i!,als' intrss &rsonals' sino' n .,n(i)n ! ,n +n.i(io (ol(ti$o- En st 5t%' s n(sario rsaltar 3, sta .iloso.5a ! sr$i(io a (a%+io ! ,n +n.i(io ! (ar1(tr r%,nrati$o' s $in /stan!o !s! /o+irnos antriors' 3, l4os ! in(nti$ar l tra+a4o ! (ontrol n .,n(i)n ! ,n %4or ,so ! los r(,rsos' .o%nt) ,na &ol5ti(a ! +n.i(ios in!i$i!,als 0 no (ol(ti$os' %1s all1 !l !stino 3, &,!isn tnr- Con la Constit,(i)n ! ;<<<' la &arti(i&a(i)n (i,!a!ana s :a( rl$ant 0 .,n!a%ntal' s trata !l (i,!a!ano 3, sta atnto a lo 3, 9 I SEMINARIO DE PARTICIPACIN CIUDADANA EN E CONTRO FISCA s,(! a s, alr!!or n %atria ! a!%inistra(i)n &*+li(a' $i/ila &or 3, los r(,rsos san ,tiliza!os &ara l .in 3, s !stinaron' 3, las o+ras san 4(,ta!as' t(- El Control ! la Gsti)n P*+li(a s (on(i+ (o%o ,n !r(:o 0 ,n !+r- (- La &arti(i&a(i)n (i,!a!ana n l (ontrol ! la /sti)n' !+ tnr s, raz)n ! sr n ,n intr#s ! (ar1(tr (ol(ti$o 0 no ! (ar1(tr &arti!ista o (o%o +an!ra &ol5ti(a- En st snti!o (a+ !(ir 3, ,no ! los .,n!a%ntos 3, !+ r/ir la &arti(i&a(i)n (i,!a!ana s la i/,al!a! ! to!os 0 l !r(:o ! to!os a sr a(ti$os (ontrola!ors' in!&n!int%nt ! las tn!n(ias &ol5ti(oI&arti!istas 3, tn/an (a!a ,no' 0 a tals .(tos' l intr#s !+ star !iri/i!o al +in (o%*n 0 no a .a$or(r ,n s(tor , otro- A/ena0as. a- Ds(on.ianza ! los Ci,!a!anos (on rs&(to a las Instit,(ions 0 Or/anis%os a (a,sa !l rtraso &ara &ro(sar las !n,n(ias &rsnta!as 0 !arls rs&,sta o&ort,na- +- La no &r%ann(ia n l ti%&o ! (a%&a9as &ro%otoras in(nti$a!otas 3, !,3,n in.or%n al (i,!a!ano n %atria ! Control So(ial- (- La (arn(ia ! ,n %ar(o 4,r5!i(o 3, s,stnt 0 .ortalz(a la la+or ! los Contralors (o%,nitarios' ! (on.or%i!a! (on l art5(,lo CD ! la LCGRSNCF' &or %!io !l (,al &,!an or/anizars 0 sta+l(rs &lans ! a((i)n (laros 0 (ntra!os- 1ortale0as. a- La Constit,(i)n ! ;<<<' la (,al sta+l( ,na !%o(ra(ia &arti(i&ati$a' !an!o a la Parti(i&a(i)n Ci,!a!ana ,n &a&l .,n!a%ntal n la $i/ilan(ia 0 (ontrol ! la Gsti)n P*+li(a' as5 (o%o n otros &ro(sos ! intr#s /nral- En $irt,! ! llo' :a0 %atrias (on rs&(to a las (,als 10 l &,+lo no n(sita r&rsntants &ara a(t,ar n l 4r(i(io ! los Po!rs P*+li(os' sino 3, &,! :a(rlo &or si %is%o' (o%o s,(! (on las 3, son o+4to !l r.r#n!,% +- El &rin(i&io ! Rn!i(i)n ! C,ntas7 .i/,ra #sta 3, &r%it a los (ontralors (o%,nitarios 6i/ir 0 star (o%&ro%ti!os a l,(:ar n alto /ra!o &or la .i(a(ia 0 (orr(ta a!%inistra(i)n ! los .on!os &*+li(os !stina!os &ara sr in$rti!os n (a!a s&a(io /o/r1.i(o- A tal .(to' s &r.ila st &rin(i&io !s! l &,nto ! $ista ! los (ontralors (o%,nitarios' (o%o ,n a&o0o al o+4ti$o ! sanar la a!%inistra(i)n &,+li(a 0 (ontrarrstar &osi+l !s$ia(ions ! r(,rsos- (- Para %4orar ,n &o(o l !s%&9o ! sta la+or' 0 orintar a 3,ins as,%n la rs&onsa+ili!a! ! sr 8Contralors Co%,nitariosG' s &rsntaron al/,nas orinta(ions i%&ortants' a %o!o ! 8"an,alG' n l (,al s 6&,siron los si/,ints t)&i(os7 F,n!a%nto L/al ! los Contralors Co%,nitarios- Prin(i&ios 3, !+n r/ir a los Contralors Co%,nitarios- O+4ti$o ! los Contralors Co%,nitarios- Dis&osi(ions Gnrals (on rla(i)n al %an,al ! los Contralors Co%,nitarios- D la l((i)n o !si/na(i)n- D las .,n(ions 0 a,sn(ias !l Contralor o Contralora (o%,nitario- Dis&osi(ions Finals- 11 EL CON2OL SOCIAL CON "NA 3ISIN DE EL CON2OL SOCIAL CON "NA 3ISIN DE 1"2"O 1"2"O- - En l (ont6to /lo+al' 6ist ,na tn!n(ia %,n!ial rs&(to a la i%&ortan(ia ! la &arti(i&a(i)n 0 al %is%o ti%&o s :a in(r%nta!o .,rt%nt' n l *lti%o !(nio' n %,(:os &a5ss' la $alora(i)n ! la so(i!a! (i$il' al sr (onsi!ra!a &or los or/anis%os (on)%i(os intrna(ionals' !l sist%a ! Na(ions Uni!as 0 ! (oo&ra(i)n intrna(ional' l .a(tor %1s i%&ortant &ara l !sarrollo (on)%i(o 0 a%+intal%nt s,stnta+l' as5 (o%o &ara la /o+rna+ili!a! 0 ,na !%o(ra(ia sal,!a+l- En los *lti%os a9os' los (i,!a!anos ! los r/5%ns !%o(r1ti(os :an (a%+ia!o s,s !%an!as- S :a &asa!o !s! !%an!as orinta!as a la satis.a((i)n ! n(si!a!s' a !%an!as ! %a0or a((so 0 $oz n l 4r(i(io !l &o!r- Estos (a%+ios' s9alan n,$os rtos 3, !+n sr (onsi!ra!os' (on l o+4to ! as,%ir 0 r(a+ar instit,(ional%nt las n,$as !%an!as- Una ! las %1s i%&ortants !%an!as tin 3, $r (on la &osi+ili!a! ! &arti(i&ar !ir(ta%nt n l 4r(i(io !l &o!r &ol5ti(o- La &arti(i&a(i)n (i,!a!ana n as,ntos instit,(ionals s &lanta n $arios ni$ls- En &ri%r l,/ar' st1 l 4r(i(io ! la &arti(i&a(i)n orinta!a a &ro!,(ir r&rsnta(i)n- Es l (aso !l 4r(i(io !l !r(:o a $oto- En s/,n!o l,/ar' la &arti(i&a(i)n n l 1%+ito instit,(ional na(ional- En tr(r l,/ar' la &arti(i&a(i)n n las !(isions &ol5ti(as !l 1%+ito lo(al- Los 1%+itos ! &arti(i&a(i)n !ir(ta s &lantan (o%o ,na .or%a ! (o%&l%ntar a!(,a!a%nt n,stra !%o(ra(ia r&rsntati$a (on r.or%as &ro&ias ! ,na l)/i(a ! !%o(ra(ia !ir(ta- 12 Es ! rl$an(ia l &a&l 3, $in !s%&9an!o los Contralors So(ials n la /sti)n &*+li(a' aso(ia!a #sta al rol !l (i,!a!ano J(o%o &art5(i& 0 (o%o ,s,arioL n las !(isions 0 /stions aso(ia!as a la i%&l%nta(i)n ! a((ions &*+li(as- Entr las razons 3, &ro0(tan la i%&ortan(ia ! in(or&orar a los (i,!a!anos n l rol (onstit,(ional ! sr (ontralors ! la /sti)n &*+li(a' s n(,ntran las si/,ints7 La a(ti$i!a! (ontralora' (o%o ,n $alor n s5 %is%o' &ro&io ! (a!a (i,!a!anoE la (ontri+,(i)n 3, #st a&orta a la (onsoli!a(i)n !%o(r1ti(aE (ontri+,0 n +,na %!i!a al #6ito ! las &ol5ti(as &*+li(asE &ro%,$ la 3,i!a! 0 la soli!ari!a!E &r.((iona la /sti)n &*+li(a 0 .orti.i(a l (a&ital so(ial- C,an!o s a+or!a l &a&l ! los (ontralors so(ials %!iant (anals instit,(ionals' s i%&ortant !sta(ar 3, n +,na %!i!a' llo !&n! no solo ! la !is&osi(i)n 0 a(tit,! ! los (i,!a!anos' sino ta%+i#n !l %ar(o ! las &ol5ti(as &*+li(as 3, lo &ro%,$n- Para llo s n(sario r&otn(iar ,na sri ! &rin(i&ios 0 (ritrios 3, &r%itan :a(r ! #sta ,n 4r(i(io &r%annt n l ti%&o 0 ,na rs&onsa+ili!a! (i,!a!ana' (o%o !r(:o 0 (o%o !+r' sin &r!r s, (ar1(tr li+r 0 $ol,ntario- Para llo !+n tnrs &rsnt las si/,ints (onsi!ra(ions7 Un &ro(so ! !s(ntraliza(i)n' 3, r(onoz(a la n(si!a! ! a(r(ar l Esta!o a la (o%,ni!a!' +,s(an!o 3, #sta tn/a in(i!n(ia n l !is9o' 4(,(i)n 0 $al,a(i)n ! la /sti)n &*+li(a- La !%o(ratiza(i)n ! to!as las instan(ias 0 ni$ls ! or/aniza(i)n- Nn.asis n l !sarrollo lo(al- En (,anto a st (on(&to' 3, .or%a &art ! las r(o%n!a(ions !a!as &or las Na(ions Uni!as &ara l (ontinnt' (a+ in!i(ar 3, #stas s n(ontrar5an !iri/i!as :a(ia o+4ti$os ! in(r%nto ! la !s(ntraliza(i)n' .ortal(i%into ! los s&a(ios lo(als' !%o(ratiza(i)n 0 &arti(i&a(i)n ! la (o%,ni!a!- Da!o 3, las taras &ro&,stas (ristalizan n la /sti)n &*+li(a' la &arti(i&a(i)n ! la (o%,ni!a! a&ar( (o%o (ritrio .,n!a%ntal ! las &ol5ti(as &*+li(as- En l !is9o ! tals &ol5ti(as' la &arti(i&a(i)n a(t*a (o%o l (ritrio 3, +,s(a sti%,lar a to!os los s(tors 0 a(tors so(ials n l &ro(so ! %o!rniza(i)n- F
La i!nti!a! lo(al- Rs&(to a st (on(&to' s &osi+l s9alar 3, ,na ! las (ara(tr5sti(as (onstit,0nts ! la Parti(i&a(i)n Co%,nitaria' s 3, s n(,ntra !ir(ta%nt rla(iona!a (on la (,lt,ra' ntn!in!o &or #sta la (onstr,((i)n ! snti!o 0 si/ni.i(a(i)n so(ial 3, s %ani.ista (o%o ,na (a&a(i!a! !sarrolla!a (ol(ti$a%nt n torno a $alors (o%,ns- Esta rla(i)n s .(ti$a n la %!i!a 3, la &arti(i&a(i)n s 6&rsi)n' tanto ! la !i$rsi!a! ! i!nti!a!s 3, s %ani.istan n l 1%+ito ! lo lo(al' (o%o ! las ini(iati$as ! los a(tors rs&(to ! lo 3, 3,irn o !san ralizar- En 3 D-O-S- J;<<HL- 8Discurso de los Diri4entes Sociales so-re Partici*acinG- En7 In.or%- Est,!io N> ?' D&arta%nto ! Est,!ios ! la Di$isi)n ! Or/aniza(ions So(ials- 13 st snti!o s a.ir%a 3, to!a or/aniza(i)n s la 6&rsi)n ! s, (on(&(i)n (,lt,ral intr5ns(a- = A%#ri(a Latina' (o%o (,al3,ir &art !l %,n!o' &,! 6:i+ir $aria!as 6&rin(ias ! (ontrol so(ial 3, &rtn!n 4r(rs so+r la A!%inistra(i)n P*+li(a n (on!i(ions ! a,tono%5a rs&(to ! lla- Sin %+ar/o' !sta(a ,n :(:o 3, &ar(ira no sr (o%*n a otras r/ions' (,al s l ! &ro&n!r a la instit,(ionaliza(i)n !l (ontrol so(ial' !.ini#n!os !s! l Esta!o 3,i#ns' ()%o' (on 3,# 0 !)n! &,! sr !s&l/a!o- Para %ostrar !istintos ti&os ! (ontni!os !a!os a stas (,stions 0 s,s !i.rnts .(tos' s (itan a trs 6&rin(ias 3,' a s, $z' r.l4an !i$rsos /ra!os ! .or%aliza(i)n !l (ontrol so(ial 0' &or n!' !istintos n,!os (r5ti(os- Ellas son7 la 6&rin(ia ! los OCo%it#s ! Vi/ilan(iaO n 2oli$ia' (ir(,ns(ritos al 1%+ito %,ni(i&alE la 6&rin(ia ! la OContralor5a so(ialO n "#6i(o' ori/inal%nt $in(,la!a a la 4(,(i)n ! &ro/ra%as so(ials' &ro 6tn!i!a a otros (a%&osE 0 la 6&rin(ia ! las O$!,r5as (i,!a!anasO !sarrolla!as n Colo%+ia- El &ro&)sito s %ostrar 3, la &r1(ti(a !l (ontrol so(ial' (,an!o s instit,(ionaliza!o a tra$#s ! .or%as or/1ni(as' il,%ina a(r(a ! otras (on!i(ions a!%1s ! las 0a r%ar(a!as' n(sarias &ara (onstit,irs n ,n %!io &ara a,%ntar la rs&onsa+iliza(i)n ! la A!%inistra(i)n P*+li(a- Si n al/o 6ist (onsnso s n 3, si no :a0 in.or%a(i)n' nin/,no ! los otros %(anis%os &,! ral%nt o&rar- Es %1s' n l 6tr%o' &o!r5a o+$iars no s)lo la instit,(ionaliza(i)n !l (ontrol so(ial' sino in(l,so la (onsa/ra(i)n ! r(,rsos (o%o los %n(iona!os :asta a:ora' &ro a,n as5 &o!r5a 6istir la &osi+ili!a! !l (ontrol so(ial si s 3, st1 as/,ra!a la !l s(r,tinio &*+li(o- Est s l 3, (ra las (on!i(ions &ara la .or%a(i)n !%o(r1ti(a ! o&ini)n &*+li(a 0' si lla 6ist' ta%+i#n &,! la so(i!a! Psa a&lan!o a los %!ios ! (o%,ni(a(i)n o a las %o$iliza(ions' 4r(r &rsi)n so(ial so+r la A!%inistra(i)n P*+li(a' a,n (,an!o no !is&on/a ! nin/*n otro %(anis%o a s .in- D 4 D-O-S- J;<<HL' &- ;F- 5 2arrios' @n/la 0 "0rt:a Ar%as- Hrra%intas ! Parti(i&a(i)n Ci,!a!ana 0 Contralor5a So(ial- S/,n!a E!i(i)n- A/osto ?BB=- F,n!a(i)n Es(,la ! Grn(ia So(ial- P/- KF- 14 La Con$n(i)n ! Na(ions Uni!as (ontra la (orr,&(i)n JCNUCCL %iti!a n ?BBF :a( %n(i)n n s,s art5(,los so+r l .o%nto ! la &arti(i&a(i)n (i,!a!ana &or &art ! los /o+irnos- Entr llos s n(,ntran7 Arti(,lo D' in(iso ;: %ada ,stado -arte, de conformidad con los principios fundamentales de su ordenamiento "urdico, formular y aplicar o mantendr en vigor polticas coordinadas y eficaces contra la corrupcin que promuevan la participacin de la sociedad y refle"en los principios del imperio de la ley, la deida gestin de los asuntos p!licos y los ienes p!licos, la integridad, la transparencia y la oligacin de rendir cuentas. Art5(,lo ;B- In.or%a(i)n &*+li(a7 .aida cuenta de la necesidad de comatir la corrupcin, cada ,stado -arte, de conformidad con los principios fundamentales de su derec#o interno, adoptar las medidas que sean necesarias para aumentar la transparencia en su administracin p!lica, incluso en lo relativo a su organizacin, funcionamiento y procesos de adopcin de decisiones, cuando proceda. ,sas medidas podrn incluir, entre otras cosas: a+ (a instauracin de procedimientos o reglamentaciones que permitan al p!lico en general otener, cuando proceda, informacin sore la organizacin, el funcionamiento y los procesos de adopcin de decisiones de su administracin p!lica y, con el deido respeto a la proteccin de la intimidad y de los datos personales, sore las decisiones y actos "urdicos que incuman al p!lico/ + (a simplificacin de los procedimientos administrativos, cuando proceda, a fin de facilitar el acceso del p!lico a las autoridades encargadas de la adopcin de decisiones/ y c+ (a pulicacin de informacin, lo que podr incluir informes peridicos sore los riesgos de corrupcin en su administracin p!lica.
Art5(,lo ;F- Parti(i&a(i)n ! la so(i!a!$ '. %ada ,stado -arte adoptar medidas adecuadas, dentro de los medios de que disponga y de conformidad con los principios fundamentales de su derec#o interno, para fomentar la participacin activa de personas y grupos que no pertenezcan al sector p!lico, como la sociedad civil, las organizaciones no guernamentales y las organizaciones con ase en la comunidad, en la prevencin y la luc#a contra la 15 corrupcin, y para sensiilizar a la opinin p!lica con respecto a la existencia, las causas y la gravedad de la corrupcin, as como a la amenaza que 0sta representa. ,sa participacin deera reforzarse con medidas como las siguientes: a+ Aumentar la transparencia y promover la contriucin de la ciudadana a los procesos de adopcin de decisiones/ + 1arantizar el acceso eficaz del p!lico a la informacin/ c+ 2ealizar actividades de informacin p!lica para fomentar la intransigencia con la corrupcin, as como programas de educacin p!lica, incluidos programas escolares y universitarios/ d+ 2espetar, promover y proteger la liertad de uscar, reciir, pulicar y difundir informacin relativa a la corrupcin. ,sa liertad podr estar su"eta a ciertas restricciones, que deern estar expresamente fi"adas por la ley y ser necesarias para: i+ 1arantizar el respeto de los derec#os o la reputacin de terceros/ ii+ 3alvaguardar la seguridad nacional, el orden p!lico, o la salud o la moral p!licas. 2. %ada ,stado -arte adoptar medidas apropiadas para garantizar que el p!lico tenga conocimiento de los rganos pertinentes de luc#a contra la corrupcin mencionados en la presente %onvencin y facilitar el acceso a dic#os rganos, cuando proceda, para la denuncia, incluso annima, de cualesquiera incidentes que puedan considerarse constitutivos de un delito tipificado con arreglo a la presente %onvencin. A(t,al%nt' la Asa%+la Na(ional !is(,t l &ro0(to ! L0 ! Parti(i&a(i)n Ci,!a!ana' (,0o o+4to /nral s !sarrollar lo (ont%&la!os n los art5(,los ?H' D; 0 K? ! la Constitucin de la e*5-lica Boli,ariana ! Vnz,la' as5 (o%o s,s &rin(i&ios' ntr llos' l sta+l(i%into ! !is&ositi$os !ir(tos ! &arti(i&a(i)n (i,!a!ana- I/,al%nt &r$# los .ins .,n!a%ntals ! !i(:a &arti(i&a(i)n7 l !sarrollo ! la &rsona :,%anaE la (onsoli!a(i)n ! la so(i!a! !%o(r1ti(a' &arti(i&ati$a 0 &rota/)ni(aE l .o%nto 0 !sarrollo ! la or/aniza(i)n so(ialE la s,&ra(i)n &rsonal ! los (i,!a!anosE la .i(in(ia n la to%a ! !(isions ! )r/anos &*+li(osE l (ontrol ! los (i,!a!anos :a(ia la /sti)n &*+li(aE la in(or&ora(i)n !l &,+lo al .(ti$o 4r(i(io ! la !%o(ra(ia &arti(i&ati$aE 0 la !.nsa ! las li+rta!s !%o(r1ti(as 0 los !r(:os :,%anos- Ca+ !sta(ar 3, la Parti(i&a(i)n Ci,!a!ana n la /sti)n &*+li(a s' a s, $z' !r(:o &ol5ti(o 0 !+r so(ial ! to!os los (i,!a!anos s/*n s,s (a&a(i!a!s- No o+stant' ! lo (ont%&la!o n n,stra Constit,(i)n 0 la Carta F,n!a%ntal ! los Dr(:os H,%anos' as5 (o%o ! los instr,%ntos 3, la (on.or%an' n,stro or!na%into 4,r5!i(o' n aras ! sta+l(r 0 .o%ntar ,n 16 Esta!o Parti(i&ati$o' :a i!o a!a&tan!o s, or!na%into 4,r5!i(o a las n,$as tn!n(ias- La Le+ Or46nica de la Contralora General de la e*5-lica + del Siste/a Nacional de Control 1iscal' n s, art5(,lo CD 0 CK (ont%&la la Parti(i&a(i)n Ci,!a!ana- En l art5(,lo ?=' n,%ral =>' in(l,0 a los (i,!a!anos' n l 4r(i(io ! s, !r(:o a la &arti(i&a(i)n n la .,n(i)n ! (ontrol ! la /sti)n &*+li(a' (o%o int/rants !l Sist%a Na(ional ! Control Fis(al- Y n l art5(,lo ?D' n,%ral C>' sta+l( la Parti(i&a(i)n Ci,!a!ana' ntr los &rin(i&ios 3, ri/n l Sist%a Na(ional ! Control Fis(al- En st or!n ! i!as' &o!%os (itar7 L0 Or/1ni(a ! la A!%inistra(i)n P*+li(a' art5(,los D' K' C' <' ?? 0 ;FD al ;F<- El D(rto (on F,rza ! L0 so+r l Estat,to ! la F,n(i)n P*+li(a' art5(,los ?' F<' =B 0 =;- L0 so+r Si%&li.i(a(i)n ! Tr1%its A!%inistrati$os' art5(,los =' D' H' ?D' FD al F< 0 =; al =K- L0 Or/1ni(a ! Plani.i(a(i)n' art5(,los DH al KB- L0 ! los Cons4os Esta!als ! Plani.i(a(i)n 0 Coor!ina(i)n ! Pol5ti(as P*+li(as' art5(,los K' H 0 ;H- L0 Or/1ni(a ! Prot((i)n !l Ni9o 0 !l A!ols(nt' art5(,los K 0 H;- Tnin!o (o%o +as to!o st %ar(o 4,r5!i(o' la Contralor5a Gnral !l Esta!o "#ri!a' s &r%it :a(r las si/,ints s,/rn(ias n aras ! %atrializar la .i(in(ia 0 .i(a(ia ! ,na !%o(ra(ia &arti(i&ati$a' a tra$#s ! la Parti(i&a(i)n Ci,!a!ana 0 l Control So(ial7 Tra+a4ar 0 .o%ntar la Parti(i&a(i)n Ci,!a!ana 0 l Control So(ial :a(ia ,n n,$o n.o3, n %atria ! 3,4as 0 r(la%os7 En %atria ! &arti(i&a(i)n (i,!a!ana 0 (ontrol so(ial' los r(la%os 0 las 3,4as s :an s,%i!o (,lt,ral%nt 0 a tra$#s !l ti%&o n lo 3, s :a !no%ina!o la ,ni!ir((ionali!a!' l :1+ito tan 6tn!i!o ! 6&rsar 3,4as ant las sit,a(ions 3, a.(tan al r(la%ant' sin &rtn!r #st in.l,ir n na!a n sol,(ions a!(,a!as' :a (ra!o ,n n.o3, &o(o asrti$o n %atria ! sol,(ions' !+in!o l r(la%ant' no solo 6&onr s, 3,4a' sino a&ortar altrnati$as ! sol,(i)n- La 3,4a' ta%+i#n in!i(a ,n +a4o ni$l ! !%o(ra(ia7 (on$irt a los (i,!a!anos n $5(ti%as in!.nsas ! sit,a(ions as,%i!as 17 (o%o ins,&ra+ls- Y &or lo tanto' los (on$irt n sostn!ors ! la sit,a(i)n i%&rant' i%&i!i#n!ols a los (i,!a!anos (ontri+,ir a (,al3,ir (a%+io o %4ora- Es n(sario 3, s &ro&on/a (on$rtir las 3,4as' &ri%r ni$l ! (on(in(ia' n r(la%a(ions' n &ro&,stas ! an1lisis' n +*s3,!a ! sol,(ions' n a((ions ! 6i/n(ia ! rs&onsa+ili!a!s o n +*s3,!a ! instan(ias ! &arti(i&a(i)n' s/*n sa l (aso- Pro%o$r la (onstant &r1(ti(a ! la a(ti$i!a! (ol(ti$a (on l .in ! s,&rar las a(tit,!s in!i$i!,alistas 0 &r.((ionar (a!a $z %1s la (ali!a! ! !i(:a a(ti$i!a!7 la a(ti$i!a! (ol(ti$a s .or%a!ora ! (i,!a!anasMos !%)(ratas- Al :a(r ,n s.,rzo ! a!a&ta(i)n a la !in1%i(a ! (a!a /r,&o n .,n(i)n ! los o+4ti$os 0 ! las (ara(tr5sti(as ! las &rsonas 0 ! las (ir(,nstan(ias' s !sarrollar1 la &ro&ia in!i$i!,ali!a! n ,n as&(to &ositi$o' r$lan!o l nri3,(i%into &rsonal 3, s o+tin ! la a(ti$i!a! (ol(ti$a !%o(r1ti(a' (ola+oran!o (on l /r,&o 0 (on las !%1s &rsonas n la &rs(,(i)n ! los o+4ti$os (o%,ns- La &r1(ti(a (ontin,a ! (o%&artir in.or%a(i)n 0 o&inions' analizar la in.or%a(i)n 0 las sit,a(ions nri3,(i!as &or las 6&rin(ias 0 la $isi)n ! las !%1s &rsonas' (on.rontar las o&inions' s(,(:ar 0 6&rsars' as,%ir rs&onsa+ili!a!s' rn!ir (,ntas 0 r(i+ir (r5ti(as' to!o llo s nri3,(!or- Para l &r.((iona%into ! la (ali!a! ! !i(:a a(ti$i!a!' !+n i%&l%ntars n stos /r,&os' las si/,ints r(o%n!a(ions7 Fo%ntar la &ra(ti(a (ol(ti$a ! la !i$isi)n ! rs&onsa+ili!a!s o %isions' 3, s &,! 0 s (on$nint ir altrnan!o' sin sta+l(r n,n(a ,na !i$isi)n !l tra+a4o .i4a 0 sta+l 3, ori/in la !i$isi)n ntr !iri/nts 0 4(,tants- For%ar a stos (ontralors so(ials &ara %o!rar r,nions' (oor!inar taras (ol(ti$as' &lani.i(ar a((ions 0 r(,rsos 0 $al,ar rs,lta!os &ara %4orar .,t,ras 6&rin(ias- In(nti$ar a los (ontralors (o%,nitarios n l sta+l(i%into 0 (ons(,(i)n ! o+4ti$os &ar(ials (on(rtos n .,n(i)n ! los o+4ti$os /nrals ! s, (o%,ni!a!' rla(ionan!o los o+4ti$os !l /r,&o (on la sit,a(i)n ! s,s int/rants 0 (on la sit,a(i)n /lo+al- A&rn!r a l/ir 0 rno$ar r&rsntants' a (ontrolar s, tra+a4o' a !stit,irlos si no (,%&ln (on l %an!ato !l/a!o- Dsarrollar (on(in(ia ! la !i%nsi)n &ol5ti(a ! los &ro+l%as- Es n(sario ntn!r las razons &ol5ti(as ! las i!as 0 &ro&,stas 0 ! los intrss 3, st1n n 4,/o- 18 Esta+l(r %(anis%os 3, &r%itan $al,ar &r%annt%nt la &r1(ti(a 0 l !sarrollo ! .or%as !%o(r1ti(as ! &arti(i&a(i)n- Ds(,+rir las $5as ! a((i)n (i,!a!ana 3, (ontri+,0an !ir(ta%nt a r(,&rar los $alors ! la i/,al!a!' la li+rta! 0 la soli!ari!a!' la !.nsa ! los !r(:os :,%anos 0 l rs&to ! las !i.rn(ias 0 las i!nti!a!s- Contri+,ir a la .or%a(i)n ! o&ini)n &*+li(a7 La &arti(i&a(i)n (i,!a!ana n la .or%a(i)n ! la o&ini)n &*+li(a s ,n r3,isito $ital &ara la !%o(ra(ia- Es n(sario l !sarrollo ! %!ios ! 6&rsi)n 0 (o%,ni(a(i)n ! las instan(ias (i,!a!anas !%o(r1ti(as- Es ta%+i#n in!is&nsa+l l,(:ar &or la /arant5a ! 3, n to!o %!io ! (o%,ni(a(i)n %asi$o' 6ista ,n s&a(io /rat,ito 0 a!(,a!o ! 6&rsi)n ! las or/aniza(ions (i,!a!anas ! !i$rsos 1%+itos' (,0o (ontni!o no !&n!a ! la !ir((i)n &ri$a!a !l %!io- Es&a(io $(inal' 4,$nil' ! %,4rs' sin!i(al' ! &ro.,n!iza(i)n !%o(r1ti(a' ! noti(ias !ir(tas- En ,na !%o(ra(ia los %!ios ! (o%,ni(a(i)n %asi$os no &,!n sr &ri$a!os sin 3, s /aranti( l a((so ! los %1s !i$rsos s(tors intrss a llos- La ri$in!i(a(i)n ! s&a(ios ! 6&rsi)n (i,!a!ana 0 ! ,na in.or%a(i)n &ro(!nt ! los s(tors %1s !i$rsos ! la so(i!a! s ,n r3,isito &ara la &arti(i&a(i)n !%o(r1ti(a' 0a 3, sin a!(,a!a in.or%a(i)n no s &,! &arti(i&ar rs&onsa+l%nt n la $i!a so(ial- Prot/r 0 &ro%o(ionar las a(ti$i!a!s 0 los s&a(ios &*+li(os7 la !%o(ra(ia s)lo s !sarrolla %!iant rla(ions ! i/,al!a! 0 #stas a s, $z s !an +1si(a%nt n los s&a(ios 0 a(ti$i!a!s &*+li(as- Por llo la !.nsa ! los s&a(ios &*+li(os s $ital &ara la &arti(i&a(i)n !%o(r1ti(a- La 6istn(ia ! s&a(ios &*+li(os no /arantiza &r1(ti(as !%o(r1ti(as' &ro sin 1%+itos &*+li(os !on! s sta+lz(an rla(ions li+rs 0 ! i/,al!a! ntr las &rsonas no s !an las rla(ions n(sarias &ara l 4r(i(io ! la &arti(i&a(i)n !%o(r1ti(a- Ralizar a ni$l na(ional' n(,stas r/ionals &ara (ono(r la o&ini)n ! la (i,!a!an5a so+r t%as rlati$os a la &arti(i&a(i)n (i,!a!ana' (o%o l%nto .,n!a%ntal ! la !%o(ra(ia- Una $z raliza!os' or/anizar ,n En(,ntro Na(ional ! Contralors Co%,nitarios para dar a conocer los resultados 19 de las encuestas y levantar propuestas desde la sociedad civil para vincular ms positivamente la poltica y la ciudadana, creando mesas de trabao en el cual se debata adems, los t!picos anteriormente propuestos" R.orzar la &arti(i&a(i)n (i,!a!ana n los Po!rs P*+li(os Na(ionals in(l,0#n!ola 0 a!a&t1n!ola n los n,$os (on(&tos 3, &lantan la &ari!a! ! ,n Go+irno l(tr)ni(o (on las .or%as tra!i(ionals ! ,n Go+irno (on %(anis%os (on$n(ionals ! atn(i)n al (i,!a!ano- En st snti!o' (a+ !sta(ar lo si/,int7 (on rla(i)n a los %(anis%os l(tr)ni(os Jon linL' &ara la &arti(i&a(i)n (i,!a!ana n los Po!rs P*+li(os Na(ionals' sa $rti(al J1%+ito na(ional o .!ral' r/ional' sta!al o intr%!io 0 %,ni(i&al o lo(alL 0M, :orizontal J&o!r 4(,ti$o' l/islati$o 0 4,!i(ialL K ' s ntin! &or 8%(anis%os l(tr)ni(os Jon lineLG &ara la &arti(i&a(i)n (i,!a!ana s ntin!n a3,llos instr,%ntos a(ti$os 3, s n(,ntran n los rs&(ti$os &ortals J&1/inas Q+L ! las instit,(ions s(o/i!as 3, &r%itn la in.or%a(i)n 0 (o%,ni(a(i)n ntr los (i,!a!anos 0 la instit,(ionali!a! rs&(ti$a- Es !(ir' %(anis%os 3, &ro&n!n ,na Ointra((i)n !in1%i(a n la rla(i)n (i,!a!ano I a!%inistra(i)nO- C
En "#6i(o' &or 4%&lo' s &lantaron las En(,sta &or (orro !ir(to- Est &ro(so' !no%ina!o O-rograma 4andeO' t,$o (o%o o+4ti$o r(a+ar &ro&,stas so+r ;;B t%as na(ionals a/r,&a!os n las trs /ran!s 1ras 3, s :an !.ini!o &ara la a((i)n ! st /o+irno7 !sarrollo so(ial 0 :,%ano' (r(i%into (on (ali!a! 0 or!n 0 rs&to- Para tal .(to s !istri+,0ron' !,rant los %ss ! .+rro a a+ril ! ?BB;' (,stionarios n !on! &o!5an 6&onrs ,na o $arias &ro&,stas a(r(a ! (a!a ,no ! los ;;B t%as' ,san!o la in.rastr,(t,ra !l Sr$i(io Postal "6i(ano- En st &ro(so s r(i+iron ,n total ! ;DF'FKC &ro&,stas' ! las (,als alr!!or ! ;'BBB .,ron ! %6i(anos 3, rsi!n n l 6tran4ro- To!as llas .,ron (a&t,ra!as &or l Instit,to Na(ional ! Esta!5sti(a' Go/ra.5a In.or%1ti(a JINEGIL 3,' &ara st .in' instal) l Cntro Na(ional ! R(&(i)n ! Pro&,stas- A:5 .,ron (lasi.i(a!as las a&orta(ions 0' &ostrior%nt' n$ia!as a las !i.rnts 1ras 3, 6 Ro+rt Rossi(k7 OEl rol ! la t(nolo/5a ! la in.or%a(i)n 0 ! las (o%,ni(a(ions n l .ortal(i%into ! la &arti(i&a(i)n (i,!a!ana 0 n la (on.i/,ra(i)n ! la !%o(ra(ia7 la 6&rin(ia ini(ial ! "#6i(oO En7 R$ista !l CLAD R.or%a 0 D%o(ra(ia- Cara(as- I No- ?<' JS,n- ?BB=L 7 Tra+a4o la+ora!o &or Nlson D Fritas' CLAD' a/osto ?BBD- El Control So(ial so+r la A!%inistra(i)n P*+li(a- "(anis%os l(tr)ni(os Jon linL &ara la Parti(i&a(i)n Ci,!a!ana n los Po!rs P*+li(os Na(ionals- 20 (on.or%an la a!%inistra(i)n &*+li(a .!ral &ara 3, .,ran analiza!as 0 (onsi!ra!as &ara la la+ora(i)n !l Plan- Gra(ias a st &ro(so s o+t,$o ,n (on4,nto %,0 i%&ortant ! &ro&,stas (i,!a!anas so+r ,n a%&lio n*%ro ! t%as ! intr#s na(ional- En las n(,sta $5a Intrnt' la &1/ina ! Intrnt (ra!a &ara l Plan Na(ional ! Dsarrollo a%&li) l al(an( ! la &arti(i&a(i)n (i,!a!ana 0 a/iliz) l r/istro ! o&inions' a!%1s ! !ar la o&ort,ni!a! ! &arti(i&ar a los %6i(anos 3, $i$n .,ra !l &a5s- Por %!io ! lla s r(i+iron =F'?FB &ro&,stas 3,' i/,al 3, las n(,stas r(i+i!as &or (orro !ir(to' .,ron (lasi.i(a!as &or l INEGI 0 s s,%aron a la +as ! !atos ! las &ro&,stas /nra!as- Otra :rra%inta' ., l an1lisis ! &arti(i&a(i)n &or (orro Intrnt- "!iant stas !os $5as s r(i+iron ;;C'B=B (,stionarios' 3, a&ortaron ,n total ! ;<K'HD= &ro&,stas- En lo 3, rs&(ta a la !a! ! 3,ins &arti(i&aron rs&on!in!o a sta n(,sta' s o+sr$a 3, ?KT ! las &ro&,stas .,ron raliza!as &or &rsonas %nors ! ?B a9os' F=T &or &rsonas ! ntr ?; a =B a9os' 0 l ?? &or (into &or &rsonas %a0ors ! %1s ! =B a9os- S)lo ;HT no s&(i.i(aron s, !a!- Las &ro&,stas .,ron n$ia!as a las !i.rnts nti!a!s ! la a!%inistra(i)n &*+li(a .!ral n !on! .,ron analiza!as 0 %,(:as ! llas int/ra!as a los o+4ti$os 0 las strat/ias 3, stas nti!a!s la+oraron &ara la !.ini(i)n !l Plan Na(ional ! Dsarrollo- En al/,nos (asos' las &ro&,stas r(i+i!as s r.r5an a as&(tos s&(5.i(os ! la o&ra(i)n ! las !&n!n(ias 0 nti!a!s ! /o+irno' &or lo 3, sr1n to%a!as n (,nta &ara la la+ora(i)n ! los &ro/ra%as s(torials' as5 (o%o &ara la !.ini(i)n ! los &ro/ra%as o&rati$os an,als ! las !&n!n(ias- En s snti!o' s &ro&on la i%&l%nta(i)n ! ,n Siste/a Infor/6tico de Partici*acin Ciudadana 7SIPC8- JSi%ilar al Pro0(to SIPC' !sarrolla!o !ntro !l &ro/ra%a ! !o(tora!o ! la Uni$rsitat O+rta ! Catal,n0a L- Est sist%a ., (on(+i!o &ara la Parti(i&a(i)n Ci,!a!ana %,ni(i&al n &a5ss n !sarrollo' a &artir !l an1lisis intr!is(i&linar ! la &arti(i&a(i)n (i,!a!ana n la (i,!a! ! Fortalza J2rasilL- El st,!io s !iri/i) al an1lisis ! las &osi+ili!a!s ! la ,tiliza(i)n !l Intrnt &ara a&o0ar 0 &ro%o$r la &arti(i&a(i)n (i,!a!ana n l 1%+ito %,ni(i&al n &a5ss (o%o 2rasil- "1s (on(rta%nt' !li%it) (,1ls son los r3,isitos 3, !+ 21 (,%&lir ,n Sistema Informtico para la promocin de la Participacin Ciudadana municipal y el fomento de las redes ciudadanas (SIPC)' to%an!o (o%o &,nto ! &arti!a las n(si!a!s i!nti.i(a!as n Fortalza' (a&ital !l Esta!o ! Car1- La in$sti/a(i)n &ro&or(ion) ,na s&(i.i(a(i)n .or%al 0 !talla!a ! tal sist%a' 3, &o!r5a &ostrior%nt ,tilizars &ara (onstr,irlo si/,in!o l %o!lo ! Software Libre' ! .or%a 3, 3,! a !is&osi(i)n /rat,ita ! to!os los %,ni(i&ios 3, &r(isn ,sarlo- El Siste/a Infor/6tico de Partici*acin Ciudadana 7SIPC8 s ,n s&a(io n Intrnt !on! tanto las Go+rna(ions' Al(al!5as 0 Aso(ia(ions Ci,!a!anas' &,!n &onr a !is&osi(i)n ! los (i,!a!anos' otros (ol(ti$os' %!ios ! (o%,ni(a(i)n' t(- to!as las in.or%a(ions r.ri!as a las a(ti$i!a!s &arti(i&ati$as 3, ralizan n la (i,!a! J(o%o &or 4%&lo ,n presupuesto participativoL- A!%1s' ,n SIPC in(l,ir5a' n .,n(i)n ! las n(si!a!s !l ",ni(i&io o Esta!o' s/*n sa l 1%+ito ! a&li(a(i)n' s&a(ios s&(ials n Intrnt 3, (o%&l%ntn 0 a&o0n s,s a(ti$i!a!s &arti(i&ati$as &rs#n(ials' (o%o &or 4%&lo7 En$5o ! &r/,ntas &or &art ! los Ci,!a!anos a las !istintas 1ras ! las Al(al!5as o Go+rna(ions- En(,stas 0 (,stionarios' &ara 3, l (i,!a!ano trans%ita s, o&ini)n so+r (irtos t%as' Pro(sos ! r(o/i!a ! .ir%as &ara ralizar ,na &ti(i)n o ini(iati$a l/islati$a' D+ats 0 .oros ! !is(,si)n- P,+li(a(i)n 0 r$isi)n ! !o(,%ntos' Cons,lta ! la a/n!a ! los &ro(sos &arti(i&ati$os &rs#n(ials' t(- C,an!o s :a+la ! &arti(i&a(i)n a tra$#s ! Intrnt' s :a+la %1s !l .,t,ro 3, !l &rsnt in%!iato- Pro !s! la &rs&(ti$a ! ,n .,t,ro (r(ano' &ara l 3, :a0 3, &r&arars- Si (ontin*an las tn!n(ias a(t,als' tanto los ni$ls ! a((so 0 (ono(i%into so+r Intrnt' (o%o los ni$ls ! ,so ! la &arti(i&a(i)n (i,!a!ana &or &art ! los /o+irnos %,ni(i&als' sta!als 0 na(ionals' $an a (r(r r1&i!a%nt- 22 Por otra &art' a*n (,an!o rs,lt inal(anza+l l i!al !%o(r1ti(o ! 3, to!os los (i,!a!anos &arti(i&n !l /o+irno ! s, (i,!a!' l 3, s /nrali( ,na %a0or &arti(i&a(i)n 0 ,tiliza(i)n ! stas &lata.or%as &or &art ! las Al(al!5as' las Go+rna(ions' las aso(ia(ions 0 (ol(ti$os 3, !.in!n los intrss ! los (i,!a!anos' as5 (o%o &or &art ! ,n (r(int n*%ro ! (i,!a!anos in!i$i!,als 3, s &ro(,&n &or los as,ntos &*+li(os 0 ()%o #stos ls a.(tan' r&r(,tir1 &ositi$a%nt so+r la &ol5ti(a 0 la /sti)n n (,sti)n' lo 3, in!ir(ta%nt +n.i(iar1 a to!a la (i,!a!an5a' in(l,0n!o a a3,llos 3, no &,!n o no !san &arti(i&ar ni ,tilizar stas &lata.or%as- H Otro ! los +n.i(ios' 3, r$ist la i%&l%nta(i)n ! #st sist%a' no o+stant' in(r%ntar la &arti(i&a(i)n (i,!a!ana' s la a/iliza(i)n ! los tr1%its a!%inistrati$os' n,stro or!na%into 4,r5!i(o $nzolano' n la L0 so+r Si%&li.i(a(i)n ! Tr1%its A!%inistrati$os' n s, Tit,lo II- D la Si%&li.i(a(i)n ! Tr1%its A!%inistrati$os' sta+l(7 Art5(,lo =7 La si%&li.i(a(i)n ! los tr1%its a!%inistrati$os tin &or o+4to ra(ionalizar las tra%ita(ions 3, ralizan los &arti(,lars ant la A!%inistra(i)n P*+li(aE %4orar s, .i(a(ia' &rtinn(ia 0 ,tili!a!' a .in ! lo/rar %a0or (lri!a! 0 .,n(ionali!a! n las %is%asE r!,(ir los /astos o&rati$osE o+tnr a:orros &rs,&,stariosE (,+rir ins,.i(in(ias ! (ar1(tr .is(al 0 %4orar las rla(ions ! la A!%inistra(i)n P*+li(a (on los (i,!a!anos- Art5(,lo D7 Ca!a ,no ! los )r/anos 0 nts ! la A!%inistra(i)n P*+li(a' n l 1%+ito ! s,s (o%&tn(ias' ll$ar1 a (a+o la si%&li.i(a(i)n ! los tr1%its a!%inistrati$os 3, s rali(n ant los %is%os- A tals .ins' la+orar1n s,s rs&(ti$os &lans ! si%&li.i(a(i)n ! tr1%its a!%inistrati$os' (on .,n!a%nto n las +ass 0 &rin(i&ios sta+l(i!os n st D(rtoIL0 0 ! (on.or%i!a! (on los si/,ints lina%intos7 ;- S,&ri%ir los tr1%its inn(sarios 3, in(r%ntn l (osto o&ra(ional ! la A!%inistra(i)n P*+li(a' :a/an %nos .i(int s, .,n(iona%into 0 &ro&i(in (on!,(tas !s:onstas &or &art ! los .,n(ionarios- ?- Si%&li.i(ar 0 %4orar los tr1%its ral%nt *tils' lo (,al s,&on' ntr otros as&(tos7 aL Ll$ar los tr1%its a la .or%a %1s sn(illa &osi+l' r!,(in!o al %5ni%o los r3,isitos 0 6i/n(ias a los (i,!a!anos' !4an!o *ni(a 0 6(l,si$a%nt los &asos 3, san $r!a!ra%nt in!is&nsa+ls &ara (,%&lir l &ro&)sito ! los %is%os o &ara 4r(r l (ontrol ! %anra a!(,a!a- +L R!is9ar l tr1%it- 8 To%a!o !l &lanta%into Pro0(to SIPC ! la Uni$rsitat O+rta ! Catal,n0a- 23 (L Pro&i(iar la &arti(i&a(i)n (i,!a!ana- !L "tili0ar al /69i/o los ele/entos tecnol4icos de los :ue se dis*on4a actual/ente- L In(or&orar (ontrols a,to%atiza!os 3, %ini%i(n la n(si!a! ! str,(t,ras ! s,&r$isi)n 0 (ontrols a!i(ionals- .L Crar in(nti$os o sr$i(ios a!i(ionals 3, &,!an otor/ars a la (o%,ni!a! n (ontra&rsta(i)n al (,%&li%into o&ort,no !l tr1%it- /L E$itar n lo &osi+l las instan(ias n las (,als l 4,i(io s,+4ti$o !l .,n(ionario &,!a intr.rir n l &ro(so- :L E$itar la a/r,&a(i)n ! .,n(ions n ,na %is%a instan(ia' a los .ins ! &r$nir la %ani&,la(i)n ! in.or%a(i)n- F- Con(ntrar tr1%its' $itan!o la r&ti(i)n ! ,n %is%o tr1%it n !i$rsas nti!a!s- A tal .in' s :a( n(sario a,%ntar l n*%ro ! nti!a!s +n.i(iarias ! ,n %is%o tr1%it 0 r!,(ir l (*%,lo ! 6i/n(ias &ara la (o%,ni!a!- La L0 Or/1ni(a ! A!%inistra(i)n P*+li(a' sta+l( n s, art5(,lo K' lo si/,int7 Garant5as 3, !+ o.r(r la A!%inistra(i)n P*+li(a a los &arti(,lars Art5(,lo K- La A!%inistra(i)n P*+li(a !sarrollar1 s, a(ti$i!a! 0 s or/anizar1 ! %anra 3, los &arti(,lars7 ;- P,!an rsol$r s,s as,ntos' sr a,6ilia!os n la r!a((i)n .or%al ! !o(,%ntos a!%inistrati$os' 0 r(i+ir in.or%a(i)n ! intr#s /nral &or %!ios tl.)ni(os' in.or%1ti(os 0 tl%1ti(os- ?- P,!an &rsntar r(la%a(ions sin l (ar1(tr ! r(,rsos a!%inistrati$os' so+r l .,n(iona%into ! la A!%inistra(i)n P*+li(a- F- P,!an a((!r .1(il%nt a in.or%a(i)n a(t,aliza!a so+r l s3,%a ! or/aniza(i)n ! los )r/anos 0 nts ! la A!%inistra(i)n P*+li(a' as5 (o%o a /,5as in.or%ati$as so+r los &ro(!i%intos a!%inistrati$os' sr$i(ios 0 &rsta(ions 3, llos o.r(n- 24 # # La $ontralora General del La $ontralora General del Estado M%rida, A&ora es de Estado M%rida, A&ora es de todos' todos' BIBLIOGA1IA BAIOS; <NGELA ! M!2=A AMAS- Hrra%intas ! Parti(i&a(i)n Ci,!a!ana 0 Contralor5a So(ial- S/,n!a E!i(i)n- A/osto ?BB=- F,n!a(i)n Es(,la ! Grn(ia So(ial- P/- KF- CLODOSBALDO "SSI<N ">C<2EG"I- Contralor Gnral ! la R&*+li(a- In.or% ! Gsti)n ?BB=- DAS2ES; C- R.l6ions &ara la In(or&ora(i)n ! la Parti(i&a(i)n Ci,!a!ana n la Gsti)n P*+li(a- Do(,%ntos ! Fa(,lta!' ?- Fa(,lta! ! Cin(ias Pol5ti(as 0 A!%inistra(i)n P*+li(a' Uni$rsi!a! Cntral ! C:il- J?BBFL- 8Discurso de los Diri4entes Sociales so-re Partici*acinG- In.or%- Est,!io N> ?' D&arta%nto ! Est,!ios ! la Di$isi)n ! Or/aniza(ions So(ials- D-O-S- J;<<HL- 1EI2AS NELSON DE' CLAD' a/osto ?BBD- El Control So(ial so+r la A!%inistra(i)n P*+li(a- "(anis%os l(tr)ni(os Jon linL &ara la Parti(i&a(i)n Ci,!a!ana n los Po!rs P*+li(os Na(ionals- PN"D- La D%o(ra(ia n A%#ri(a Latina7 Ha(ia ,na !%o(ra(ia ! (i,!a!anas 0 (i,!a!anos- N,$a York7 Pro/ra%a ! las Na(ions Uni!as &ara l Dsarrollo- ()**+b," OBE2 ?OSSIC?- OEl rol ! la t(nolo/5a ! la in.or%a(i)n 0 ! las (o%,ni(a(ions n l .ortal(i%into ! la &arti(i&a(i)n (i,!a!ana 0 n la (on.i/,ra(i)n ! la !%o(ra(ia7 la 6&rin(ia ini(ial ! "#6i(oO En7 R$ista !l CLAD R.or%a 0 D%o(ra(ia- Cara(as- I No- ?<' JS,n- ?BB=L S(rtar5a ! Contralor5a 0 Dsarrollo A!%inistrati$o' Secoda/' "#6i(o- Uni$rsitat O+rta ! Catal,n0a. Pro0(to SIPC- 25 26