PLANNING AND PREPARATION

1.0 PURPOSE: This method statement provides guidance to prevent injury to persons engaged
in excavation works on the site.
2.0 SCOPE: Planning, preparation conduct and Method of excavation work.
3.1 CONSULTATION
The principal contractor, the contractor doing the work, employers, employees and their
representatives will consult with each and determine the provision of all safeguards. The consultation
process will be used during the planning and preparation stages to determine safe systems of work
based on the assessment of the risks. Structural or geotechnical engineers will be involved in the
consultation process when appropriate. The consultation process will at least cover the following
!a" #ature and condition of the ground or working environment.
!b" #ature of the work and other activities that may a$ect safety
!c" Static and dynamic loads near excavation
!d" %nteraction with other trades
!e" &orkplace access
!f" Management of surrounding vehicular tra'c and ground vibration
!g" &ork force safety
!h" Type of e(uipment used for excavation
!i" The provision of appropriate amenities, which will depend on the type of work space.
!j" )ompliance with all *S+ regulations
3.2 PLANNING
Planning and preparation will be the ,rst essential step in ensuring that work is done safely. Planning
and preparation will involve consultation with all relevant persons engaged in the work and will
include ha-ard identi,cation, risk assessment and risk control processes. &here appropriate, the
advice of a geotechnical engineer will be sought before starting excavation work. The principal
contractor and the contractor in their capacity as employers will
.. Provide such information, instruction, training and supervision as maybe necessary to ensure the
health and safety of his employees/ and
0.Provide or maintain means of access to and egress from the work place safe and without risks.
3.3 PLANNING BY PRINCIPAL CONTRACTOR
The principal contractor will plan for the work to be done safely. The principal contractor will ensure
that a site speci,c occupational health and safety management plan is prepared and documented for
each place of work where excavation is to be carried out, before the excavation work commences.
This plan will be developed in consultations undertaken with the contractor1s and their employees or
representatives. The plan will include a documented work method statement, provided by the
contractor, describing how the work is to be done safely. The health and safety management plan will
be monitored to ensure that work is carried out according to that plan and that the plan is e$ective.
The plan will be maintained and up to date during the course of the excavation works. 2efore
excavation work starts, the principal contractor in consultation with the contractor doing the work will
at least consider
!a" 3n assessment of the risks involved in carrying out the work.
!b" the most appropriate method to prevent any risk of injury.
!c" 3n assessment of the ground conditions and working environment
!d" Providing suitable and safe access to and from the work place including the work area.
!e" The area of the excavation work will be clearly de,ned by barricades and warning signs.
!f" &here necessary the exact location of the work will be clearly marked.
!g" The identi,cation and marking of the location of any above ground, underground or overhead
services
!h" That the work does not a$ect the structural integrity of adjoining buildings or structures, roads,
footpaths.
!i" +lectrical safety, including the location of underground and aboveground service cables and nearby
overhead power lines and providing systems of work which comply with *S+ regulations.
!j" That all persons carrying out the work will receive appropriate supervision, training and instruction.
!k" Security of excavation during work and when left unattended.
!l" +stablishment of emergency and rescue procedures in the event of an emergency.
3.4 PLANNING BY THE CONTRACTOR
Shapoorji Pallonji 4 )o. 5td.
SP )enter, 6.166 Minoo 7esai Marg, )olaba, Mumbai 8 9
The contractor doing the work has an obligation under *S+ regulations to provide and maintain a
workplace that is safe and without risks to health for their employees in relation to those matters over
which he has control. %n addition to consultation with the principal contractor in the overall job
planning, the contractor will at least consider
!a" 3n assessment of the risks in carrying out the work.
!b" The most appropriate methods of preventing the risk of injury.
!c" Providing a documented safe work method statement describing how the work will be done safely.
This safe work method statement will take into account an assessment of the risk involved in carrying
out the work.
!d" Providing suitable and safe access to and from the work area at all times.
!e" Preventing persons entering a work area where there is a risk of injury.
!f" 3n assessment of manual handling tasks which could cause back strains another injuries and
providing systems of work which comply with the provisions of *S+ regulations.
!g" That the location of overhead and underground services, i.e. electricity and telecommunication
cables, are identi,ed and clearly marked.
!h" +lectrical safety, including the location of underground electrical service cables and nearby
overhead power lines and providing systems of work which comply with *S+ regulations
!i" The use of personal protective e(uipment !PP+" e.g Safety footwear, eye, coveralls, high visibility
jackets, hearing protection, safety helmets, gum boots, gloves, disposable clothing etc.
!j" That all persons carrying out the work are provided with appropriate training and instruction.
!k" That supervision is provided by a competent person.
!l" +stablishment of emergency and rescue procedures in the event of an emergency.
3.5 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION, RISK ASSESSMENT AND CONTROL
3 ha-ard identi,cation risk assessment and control process will be carried out by the contractor in
consultation with the principal contractor to determine if persons are at risk. Safe systems of work will
then be put into place to control the risk. The identi,cation of the ha-ards associated with excavation
work, the risk assessment and the risk control measures will be documented. The process of ha-ard
identi,cation, risk assessment and control is made up of the following steps
.. %dentify the ha-ards
0. 3ssess the risk!s" arising from the ha-ards.
:. ;se appropriate control measures to eliminate or reduce the risk!s".
6. Monitor and review the control measures to ensure continual safety. 3fter identifying the ha-ards
involved in carrying out the work the principal contractor in consultation with the contractor will
assess the health and safety risks and determine what type of safeguards or systems of work will be
implemented to ensure the health and safety of all persons on site. This will always include
eliminating exposure of persons to the ha-ard.
3. HIERARCHY OF CONTROL MEASURES
The following hierarchy of control measures is listed in terms of levels. Selecting the highest level
possible to develop each control measure.
5evel . +liminate the ha-ard
< =or example, choose di$erent +xcavation method.
5evel 0 Minimi-e the risk by
< substituting the system of work or plant !with something safer".
< modifying the system of work or plant !to make it safer".
< isolating the ha-ard !e.g. introduce a restrictive work area".
< introducing engineering control !e.g. dust control".
5evel : >ther controls
< adopting administrative controls such as ha-ard warning signs and speci,c training and work
instructions.
< using personal protective e(uipment !e.g. eye, respiratory and hearing protection". The control
measures at 5evel . !eliminate the ha-ard" give the best results and will be adopted. The measures
at 5evels 0 !minimi-e the risk" and : !other controls" are less e$ective and they re(uire more
fre(uent reviews of the ha-ards and systems of work. %n some situations a combination of control
measures may need to be used. The control measures recommended by the contractor will be
considered by the principal contractor as part of the health and safety management plan. 3ny new
control measures will be evaluated to ensure that they are e$ective and safe and that new ha-ards
are not created !directly or indirectly" by them.
3.! PREPARATION
&hen preparing for the commencement of work the principal contractor and the contractor doing the
work will ensure that the workplace is safe based on the health and safety management plan. They
Shapoorji Pallonji 4 )o. 5td.
SP )enter, 6.166 Minoo 7esai Marg, )olaba, Mumbai 8 9
will also check to ensure that all controls identi,ed by the risk assessment have been put in place and
that none ha-ards exist. Preparation will also at least include
!a" an assessment of climatic1environmental conditions.
!b" access to and from the workplace.
!c" speci,c instructions for employees.
!d" that plant and e(uipment is suitable for the intended use and inspected bay third party before
use and is properly maintained.
!f" personal protective e(uipment.
!g" that the location of underground, above ground and overhead services are identi,ed and clearly
marked.
!h" emergency and rescue procedures in the event of an accident, injury or other emergency,
including the means of protect any other persons in the vicinity.
3." EMERGENCY AND RESCUE PROCEDURES
The contractor will ensure that, in the event of an emergency, ade(uate arrangements have been
made to ensure the safety of workers and other persons on site. The emergency may result from an
accident or injury, landslip or other potentially dangerous occurrence. #atural disaster including
electrical storms, ?oods, plant or machinery ,re etc may also present ha-ards to the working
operations. The contractor will plan for such matters and ensure that appropriate control measures
are in place. The risk assessment will take into account the following factors
!a" nature of ha-ard and possible emergencies/
!b" si-e and location of place of work/
!c" number and mobility of persons at the workplace/ and
!d" location of nearest emergency services.
)ontrol measures may include
!a" development and communication of a warning system.!b" development and communication of
safe and rapid evacuation procedures, including injured persons.
!c" having trained personnel to oversee evacuation and rescue procedures until emergency
authorities arrive.
!d" appropriate medical treatment and evacuation of injured persons.
!e" shutting down of work, including plant and electrical e(uipment.
!f" provision of ,re,ghting e(uipment at appropriate locations.
!g" display of evacuation procedures in appropriate location!s"
4. #ORK SYSTEMS AND CONTROL MEASURES
The principal contractor and contractor have an obligation under *S+ regulations to provide and
maintain a workplace that is safe and without risks to health for their employees in relation to those
matters over which they have control. )ontrol measures to prevent persons being injured during
excavation work will be provided and maintained as part of a safe system of work. The system of work
and control measures selected will be determined by individual job factors identi,ed in the
consultation and risk assessment process. The following ha-ards are commonly associated with
excavation work and will be considered by the risk assessment process
!a" the fall or dislodgement of earth and rock
!b" the instability of the excavation or any adjoining structure
!c" the inrush or seepage of water!d" unplanned contact with utility services eg, electricity
!e" the placement of excavated material
!f" falls into excavations
!g" the movement and positioning of heavy plant and e(uipment a$ecting the excavation
!h" ground vibration a$ecting the stability of the excavation
!i" vehicle movement
!j" excessive noise from the operation of machinery and plant
!k" manual handling injuries
!l" changes to excavation conditions.
4.1 PRE$ENTION OF COLLAPSE OR FAILURE OF TRENCHES AND OPEN E%CA$ATIONS
3 risk assessment will be conducted to determine which controls will be implemented to prevent
persons being injured by collapse or failure of all or part of a trench or open excavation. %t will
consider at least the following
!a" the depth of the excavation/
!b" the nature of the strata 8 sand, clay, shale, ?oaters, etc. including their likely behavior upon
exposure to the elements/
!c" fractures or faults in rock.
!d" the presence of moisture or water/
Shapoorji Pallonji 4 )o. 5td.
SP )enter, 6.166 Minoo 7esai Marg, )olaba, Mumbai 8 9
!e" the possibility of exposure to wet weather and water from other sources/
!f" any load close to the edge or in the -one of in?uence of the excavation/
!g" vibration/
!h" the exposure time/
!i" any previous disturbance of the ground, eg previous excavations/ and
!j" adjoining buildings or structures @emoval of soil from an excavation causes unbalanced soil
stresses which reduce the capacity of the excavation to support itself.
There may be additional geotechnical engineering issues that will be considered. 3ccordingly where
the risk assessment identi,es the risk of an unstable condition, the following measures will be
considered before starting excavation work
!a" seeking advice from appropriately (uali,ed engineers,
!b" carrying out a geotechnical analysis,!c" engaging a competent person to supervise the progress
of the excavation work. Shoring systems, benching and battering are engineering issues that
involve both structural design and soil mechanics. The use of ade(uate shoring, benching and
battering is essential to control the risk of a collapse or failure of a trench or open excavation.
4.2 DESIGN OF ENGINEERING CONTROLS
7esign speci,cations for engineering controls such as shoring support structures, benching or
battering will be prepared by an appropriately (uali,ed person in accordance with relevant standards
and codes. %n developing speci,cations, at least the following factors will be considered
!a" the si-e and strength of the component members of the shoring
!b" existing and changing ground conditions
!c" the loads and types of ground or soil conditions to be shored
!d" static loads near excavation, eg. spoil pile, buildings and structures
!e" dynamic loads near excavation, eg. tra'c and excavation e(uipment
!f" ground vibration, eg. heavy tra'c, mobile plant, and pile driving.
!g" di'culties or risks that other services may pose ie overhead power lines, existing or proposed
underground services!h" working environment such as exposure to dust, noise, water,
!i" that systems of work are in accordance with any re(uirements of the *S+ regulations
!j" location of utility services
!k" safety during installation and removal.
4.3 SHORING
&here necessary, all trenches and excavations will be ade(uately shored or supported to prevent a
fall or dislodgement of earth, rock or other material forming the side of or adjacent to, any excavation
work from burying, trapping or striking a person that is in the excavation. &here such a risk also
exists for those installing supports, other appropriate control measures will be in place to ensure the
safety of persons entering the excavation. 3 shoring system will not be re(uired if, having regard to
the nature and slope of the side of the excavation and other relevant circumstances there is no
reasonable likelihood that earth, rocks other material will fall or dislodge from a height of
morethan..9m and bury, trap or strike a person that is in the excavation. The risk assessment process
will be used to identify unstable conditions and the risks involved. Shoring the face of an excavation
will proceed as the work of excavation progresses. &here a mechanical digger is used, the risk
assessment will be used to determine whether any part of the trench may be left unsupported.
Shoring may include any suitable system of temporary support sand sheeting material used to
maintain the stability of the sides of an excavation. The installation and removal of shoring will take
place from outside an excavation.
4 .3.1 REMO$AL OF SHORING SUPPORTS
&hen removing shoring, the support system will be extracted 1 dismantled inthe reverse order of its
installation. Persons performing the work in the excavation will not work outside the protection of the
ground support system.
4 .4 BENCHING AND BATTERING E%CA$ATION #ALLS
2oth benching and battering of excavation walls are methods of work which may be used to minimi-e
the risk of the soil or rock slipping onto the excavation. %f battering is implemented, it will commence
from the bottom of the excavation. &hen benching or battering the walls of an excavation, an angle
of repose of 69 degrees will not be exceeded unless certi,ed in writing by a geotechnical engineer.
4.5 INSPECTION OF SUPPORT SYSTEMS
&here risks or ha-ards that create a risk to health and safety of those carrying out the work are
identi,ed, they will be controlled prior to any further work being carried out. This may re(uire further
advice from geotechnical and design engineers to review the ade(uacy of the control measures in
Shapoorji Pallonji 4 )o. 5td.
SP )enter, 6.166 Minoo 7esai Marg, )olaba, Mumbai 8 9
place. The risk assessment will be reviewed at all terms during the excavation works. The following
conditions will be considered or monitored
!a" shoring becoming unstable
!b" shoring components not secure or failing
!c" angle of batter remains su'cient to prevent collapse
!d" premature removal of shoring
!e" workers in excavations venturing outside the con,nes of shoring, benching or battering
!f" cracks appearing near the edge of an excavation
!g" excavated and other material being placed within the -one of in?uence of the excavation
!h" machinery operating within the -one of in?uence of excavations causing weight and vibration
in?uences
!i" surface soil falling into the excavation
!j" water seeping into excavations from its side walls or base
!k" changes to soil and1or weather conditions
!l" extra loading
!m"surface water or run8o$ entering the excavations or accumulating on surface near the excavation
!n" inclined bedding planes AdippingB into the excavation
!o" heaving or swelling of the ground at the bottom of the trench
!p" subsidence alongside the excavations
!(" unsafe access or egress
!r" exposure of contaminated ground
!s" undercutting of the excavation
4 . SECURITY OF E%CA$ATIONS
3 risk assessment will be conducted in order to determine which controls will be implemented to
ensure the security of excavation both during work and when left unattended. The control measures
implemented will be appropriate and e$ective for the ha-ards and risks of the situation. )onsideration
will be given to factors such as how long the excavation will be open, and who may gain access to the
excavation. The following control measures will be considered
!a" isolating the ha-ardous area, such as by the use of perimeter fencing, barricades, screens,
barriers, handrails and1or covers, which are capable of preventing access or preventing the fall of a
person
!b" removal or lowering ladders on work site
!c" immobili-ation of plant to prevent unauthori-ed use
!d" compliance with relevant *S+ re(uirements.
!e" ha-ard warning lights, signs, markers or ?ags
!f" site security measures, including fencing or use of safety observer!s"
!g" night lighting.
Signs will be erected around the site showing the name and contact telephone number !including
afterhours emergency number" of the principal contractor1contractor emergency numbers.
4 ..1 FALL PRE$ENTION
3 safe system of work and appropriate control measures will be provided wherever persons are
exposed to a risk of falling during excavation work. %t is a *S+ re(uirement to e$ectively fence all
excavations and holes more than..0m deep. %t will also be noted that all platforms, open sides of
stairways and stairway landings will be fenced. %n addition to the security measures listed above, the
following measures to prevent falls will be considered
!a" use of intermediate platforms for deep excavation
!b" provision of a safe means of movement between di$erent levels of the excavation
!c" provision of an ade(uate fall arrest system
!d" back,lling as work progresses )ontrol measures will be properly installed and maintained until the
work is completed or until there is no longer any risk of persons falling into the excavation.
4 ..2 PRE$ENTION OF DRO#NING
&here, during excavation work, and excavation is likely to collect or retain water so as to create a
ha-ard to persons in the vicinity, the excavation will be covered or fenced o$. )ontrol measures will
be provided where there is a risk of a person drowning as a result of a fall into water or other li(uid,
e.g. slurry. The following measures will be considered
!a" provision of positive means of fall protection such as fencing, handrails and safety harness
!b" provision of an observer.
4 .! UNDERGROUND SER$ICES
2efore starting the work, the location of any underground services !e.g. electricity, telecommunication
cables, etc." will be identi,ed. &herever service plans are available they will be obtained by the
Shapoorji Pallonji 4 )o. 5td.
SP )enter, 6.166 Minoo 7esai Marg, )olaba, Mumbai 8 9
principal contractor and also provided to the contractor and operator carrying out the excavation
work. The contractor will allow for inaccuracies and the possibility of other unknown or hidden
services. =urther, the principal contractor will arrange for these services to be clearly marked
according to the available plans and on site checks prior to commencement of work. Services will be
exposed at su'cient intervals to positively identify their location and1or lie. The following are ways of
checking for underground services
!a" using remote location devices
!b" hand digging, using hand tools with non8conductive handles. 3ll persons whose work may be
a$ected by an underground service will be advised of the location of every underground service.
3ppropriate control measures will be implemented after consultation with relevant service providers.
These measures may include the protection, support or removal of services to ensure safety of
workers.
4 ." E%CA$ATIONS AD&ACENT TO BUILDINGS OR STRUCTURES
The contractor will ensure that excavation work which is likely to reduce the security or stability of
any part of any building or structure will not be commenced or continued unless ade(uate steps are
taken before and during the progress of the work to prevent danger to any person from collapse of
the building or structure or a part of a building or structure. %n assessing the risk, measures such as
the following will be considered before starting excavation work
!a" seeking advice from appropriately (uali,ed engineers
!b" undertaking a geotechnical analysis
!c" engaging a competent person to supervise the progress of the excavation work
!d" underpinning of structures
!e" construction of e$ective retaining walls
!f" minimi-ing ground disturbance and vibration by taking into account the location of machinery, the
se(uence of work, the impact, severity and scale of excavation
!g" back,lling as work progresses
!h" evacuation of a$ected areas. The contractor will also ensure the stability of vehicular access which
might be a$ected by the work.

4.' PROTECTION AGAINST RISING, IRRUPTIONOR INRUSH OF #ATEROR MATERIAL
The contractor will ensure that where there is risk from rising water or from an eruption of water or
material, the means to enable every person to reach a position of safety will be provided. %f a risk
assessment reveals a risk of rising, irruption or inrush of water or material, appropriate control
measures will be provided. These may include the following!a" provision of exploratory or warning
holes where water ?ows at a reduced rate to warn of danger!b" provision of sumps!c" lowering the
water table !eg use of spear pumps"!d" increasing exit points e.g. increasing the number of exit
ladders!e" provision of pumps
4.10 MATERIALS AND LOADS ABO$E AND NEAR E%CA$ATIONS
To reduce the risk of excavation collapse, excavated or other loose material will be e$ectively stored
or retained away from the excavation. +xcavated material will be placed outside the -one of
in?uence. 3lternatively the support system will be designed to accommodate such additional load
including ground water pressures, saturated soil conditions and saturated materials. Mechanical plant,
vehicles, storage of materials or any heavy loads will be prevented from approaching within or
encroaching on the -one of in?uence of the excavation unless the support system has been
speci,cally designed for such loads. &here the risk assessment has identi,ed a risk of collapse as a
result of loads or materials above or near the excavation, shoring will be in place before any person
enters the excavated area. The following measures will also be considered before starting excavation
work!a" controlling access to exclude persons from ha-ardous areas, e.g. relocating means of
access!b" moving and storing loads outside the -one of in?uence of the excavation!c" provision of
wheel stoppers to limit movement of mobile e(uipment adjacent to the excavation!d" reducing the
number of trench shields stored near excavation by pulling along trench shields and back,lling as the
excavation progresses !e" securing all loose materials in place. &hen working on a slope, a risk
assessment will be conducted to determine the safest side of the excavation to dump soil and
excavated material. This will often be on the lower side of the slope to reduce the risk of wall collapse
or material falling into the excavation. Site factors will be considered.
4 .11 PROTECTION FROM FALLING OB&ECTS
The risk assessment will be used to determine appropriate control measures toprotect persons from
accidental falls of objects including tools, plant and other construction materials. 3s far as practicable,
loads will not be suspended or travel over a person. The following control measures will be
considered
!a" fences
Shapoorji Pallonji 4 )o. 5td.
SP )enter, 6.166 Minoo 7esai Marg, )olaba, Mumbai 8 9
!b" hand rails and toe boards
!c" overhead protection
!d" enclosed walkways
!e" safety helmets and other ade(uate means of protection
!f" provision of safe means of lowering and raising plant, materials, spoil, etc.
!g" use of lanyards to secure loose tools
!h" loads will be lifted1suspended within the safe working limits of the machinery load used.
4.12 ELECTRICAL HAZARDS
Speci,c control measures will be implemented when work is done in the vicinity of power lines
whether they are overhead or underground. 3 power line or electrical conductor will always be
assumed to be energi-ed or CliveD, including when a communication cable or wire is encountered.
4 .12.1 UNDERGROUND ELECTRICAL HAZARDS
3 safe system of work will be devised to address electrical ha-ards associated with underground
services as the following!a" de8energi-ing and isolating the cables and obtaining documentary
evidence of the continuing isolation of the power supply before proceeding with the work!b" a system
of lock out and lock out tags!c" use of electronic surveillance prior to excavation to determine location
of services.!d" hand digging using tools with non8conductive handles!e" wearing rubber boots and
insulating gloves
4.12.2 O$ERHEAD PO#ER LINES
&hen cranes, excavators, earthmoving machines or similar appliances are operated near overhead
power lines the following provisions will be observed!a" 3 thorough examination of the approaches
and surroundings of the site will be carried out before taking an appliance to the site or setting it up.
4.13 MANUAL HANDLING
Manual *andling re(uires engineers and supervisors to design e(uipment, tasks and work
environments so that manual handling risks are eliminated or reduced as far as reasonably
practicable. The contractor will assess and control the risks involved in carrying out manual handling
tasks. This will be done in consultation with employees who are re(uired to carry out the work. The
contractor will control risks by
!a" designing or re8designing the manual handling task to eliminate or control the risk factor.
&here re8design is not practicable, the employer will provide mechanical aids and1or personal
protective e(uipment. ;sing powered mechanical e(uipment to lift and move materials may
control manual handling risks. 5ifting e(uipment will include cranes, forklifts.
!b" providing appropriate training to employees in safe handling techni(ues. This training will also
include the prevention of manual handling injuries by an approach based on a ha-ard
identi,cation, risk assessment and control through job and task design. +mployees will receive
appropriate training in methods of manual handling involving team lifting procedures, correct use
of the mechanical aids and PP+.
!c" weights that are manually handled will be minimi-ed. =urthermore persons will not be re(uired to
lift, lower or carry loads above 09kg, unless mechanical assistance and1or team lifting
arrangements are provided to lower the risk of injury.
!d" where manual handling involves repetitive bending, twisting, over8reaching, work overhead or
where persons have pre8existing injuries, these loads will be further decreased. >ften used items
such as tools, etc., will be stored at waist level. &here possible, most commonly used items will be
stored between thigh and chest height.
!e" the rotation of work duties will be considered in consultation with employees so that employees
are not subjected to the same task for the whole shift.
!f" ensuring that work areas and passageways are kept clean and clear of debris. Slippery ?oors and
surfaces and trip ha-ards will be controlled.
4 .14 ACCESS
3n assessment of access re(uirements will take into account the number of persons using them and
any tools and e(uipment that they may be re(uired to carry to and from the work site. )ontrol
measures may include
!a" proper storage of materials and plant
!b" keeping work areas and passageways clear and free of obstructions
!c" removal of rubbish, including construction waste and excess excavated material
!d" use of handrails
Shapoorji Pallonji 4 )o. 5td.
SP )enter, 6.166 Minoo 7esai Marg, )olaba, Mumbai 8 9
!e" tra'c and plant controls
!f" safety fences and warning signs.
4 .14.1 LIGHTING
3de(uate lighting !natural or arti,cial" will be provided to ensure the work areas and access ways are
well lit. 3de(uate local lighting will be provided for detailed work, for dangerous processes and where
machinery is being operated. &hen arti,cial lighting is used, including lighting for night work, the
contractor will ensure it does not create excessive glare or shadows.
4 .14.2 RAMPS
&hen access ramps are provided they will not exceed .0.E !0F degrees" or as per design.@amps
steeper than .G !E degrees" will be cleared, grated or have surfaces which allow ade(uate foot grip.
&here such ramps form part of an excavation, a risk assessment will be conducted to determine the
maximum safe soil height above the ramp before some sort of soil support !e.g. trench shield" is
provided. @amps will be designed and constructed to e$ectively withstand any anticipated load that
they may be re(uired to support during use.
4 .14.3 LADDERS
when ladders are used for access the contractor will provide the following
!a" the ladder will be secured at both top and bottom against displacement. 5adders will have non8slip
feet and whenever practicable will be set up at an angle of .6 !E9degrees".
!b" a safe and ade(uately si-ed landing place when stepping o$ the ladder will be provided.
!c" the stiles of the ladder will extend at least one meter above the landing place.
!d" metal or wire reinforced ladders will not be used where there is a risk of contact with electrical
conductor wires!power lines" or of electric shock. #on8conducting ladders will be used or a clearance
of at least 6metres from conductors will be maintained.

4 .14.4 SCAFFOLDING
Sca$olding will be used to provide workers with a safe temporary work platform. %t will be planned,
erected, inspected and tagged by competent persons and will be regularly inspected to ensure there
are no risks to safety and will comply with the re(uirements of *S+ regulations..
4 .14.5 FI%ED PLATFORMS, #ALK#AYS, STAIR#AYS AND LADDERS
=ixed platforms, walkways, stairways and ladders will comply with the re(uirements of *S+
regulations
4 .15 #ORKS NEAR TRAFFIC OR MO$ING PLANT
Planning and preparation will also include the development of a vehicle movement procedure for each
worksite. Hehicle movement procedures will identify the preferred travel paths for vehicles associated
with a work site entering, leaving or crossing the through tra'c stream. 3 vehicle movement
procedure will include persons, moving e(uipment, plant and vehicle tra'c in the work area and also
identify travel paths for trucks at key points on routes remote from the work site, such as places to
turn around, accesses, ramps and side roads. 3 vehicle movement procedure will be a documented
procedure, a diagram, combined with or superimposed on a Tra'c )ontrol Plan, or may be verbal
information and instructions speci,c to the particular construction workplace or site. The risk
management process will be used to determine which is the most appropriate. 3 risk assessment will
be conducted to determine what type of safeguards or systems of work that be implemented on the
site and will include eliminating exposure of persons to moving plant. Hehicle movement procedures
will be developed based on the risk assessment and will be developed each time the conditions on
the site change in a way that may a$ect the health and safety of persons. The risk assessment will
consider at least the following
!a" isolating vehicles and plant used in or around the site and work area from persons on the site or
work area, e.g. vehicles or persons may be guided around or past the work area.
!b" securing the area where moving plant is being used e.g. fencing, barriers, barricades, temporary
warning or control signs or a combination.
!c" planning the direction that the plant moves so that the visibility of operators is not restricted. This
will also include an assessment of the visibility of plant and tra'c from all areas of the work site.
!d" the use of spotters1safety observers to control tra'c movement!e" implementing safe working
distances
Shapoorji Pallonji 4 )o. 5td.
SP )enter, 6.166 Minoo 7esai Marg, )olaba, Mumbai 8 9
!f" the use of audible reversing alarms and1or other technologies or other safe work practices. #ote
reversing alarms may cause confusion where multiple plant is using the same area and other
systems of work may be re(uired.
!g" minimi-ing the number of moving plant working at one time. &here multiple plant is being
operated around the work site a competent person will be used to direct the plant
< when operating in close proximity to each other/
< when reversing/
< where persons are on the ground/ and
< in other situations as indicated by the risk assessment.
!i" where construction vehicles or plant enter or leave the work area by public roads, systems of
control and notices will be placed at all entrances and exits to the work area to protect and warn all
persons approaching or in the vicinity
!j" where plant is being operated near persons, near underground or aboveground services !any other
workers, soils technicians, surveyors, visitors etc.
!k" designated delivery and turning areas. The movement of delivery vehicles on construction sites
fre(uently presents a ha-ard particularly when reversing, loading and unloading. Procedures will be
implemented to warn all persons a$ected by the potential ha-ard. These procedures will include
< the re(uirement for truck drivers to report to a suitably signposted area on the site/
< the re(uirement for a designated worker to act as an observer to ensure all persons are clear of
the reversing vehicle/ and
< a system of communication and warning to persons near delivery point. 3ll personnel on site will
wear high visibility garments.
4 .1 NOISE
#oise management provisions will be carried out by the contractor doing the work and will ensure
noise levels from machinery or e(uipment being used do not become a risk to hearing or health. 3n
appropriately (uali,ed person will conduct a noise assessment to determine the level of noise that
employees are exposed to. &here the noise is in excess of the noise exposure limits, engineering
controls will be implemented. &here this cannot be achieved or work cannot be organi-ed to
minimi-e exposure, appropriate hearing protection e(uipment, hearing protectors, will be provided to
all persons in the vicinity of the noise. The contractor will also ensure compliance with @5)
+nvironmental Protection re(uirements in relation to noise.
The contractors will ensure that all necessary prevention or protection measures are taken to ensure
the health and safety of persons who may be exposed to excavated material. &here there is a risk of
inhalation of harmful airborne substances such as silica dust or contact with harmful soil
contaminants, the contractor will ensure a safe system of work. The risk assessment process will be
used to determine the engineering controls, work practices and site, atmospheric monitoring re(uired.
3ppropriate assessment of the exposure levels will be undertaken before selecting the control
measures. The assessments will consider
!a" any persons on site, including other contractors or persons working on the site/
!b" persons conducting the assessment and site remediation, including subcontract workers/
!c" visitors to the site !for example, couriers"/ and
!d" site neighbors !as appropriate". The contractor will also ensure that exposure to nonha-ardous
substances such as nuisance dust is at a level not greater than that established by safe exposure
standards. %n dry conditions, fre(uent watering, where practicable, or other similar methods will be
used to reduce nuisance dust that will not exceed0Fmg1m:.
*ydrogen Sul,de )arbon dioxide +mployers will implement a suitable system of work so as to ensure
a safe repairable atmosphere and e$ective ventilation and will protect persons against the e$ects of
insu'cient oxygen. These may be encountered when carrying out work such as excavations for
foundations, in addition to trenches. &here the risk assessment indicates the possibility of air
contamination, the work will be examined by competent persons using appropriate detecting
e(uipment and will include air testing for
!a" oxygen de,ciency
!b" airborne contaminants
5 . INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE OF PLANT AND E(UIPMENT
3 risk assessment will be conducted before operating plant to identify any ha-ards that may arise and
the control measures to be implemented. The risk assessment will consider at least the following
!a" that appropriate guards, including roll8over protective devices !@>PS" are ,tted
!b" that the safe working load is displayed
!c" record of testing, maintenance, servicing and repair
!d" the general mechanical1electrical condition of plant, especially any wear or damage that may
a$ect safe operation
Shapoorji Pallonji 4 )o. 5td.
SP )enter, 6.166 Minoo 7esai Marg, )olaba, Mumbai 8 9
!e" speci,c controls to prevent entanglement or workers being trapped between moving parts. 3ll
plant such as excavators, tractors, etc. used for lifting will have their safe working loads displayed
and maintained. %f the function or condition of plant represents an immediate risk to health and
safety, operation will cease and the plant will be withdrawn from use until a risk assessment and
appropriate control measures are implemented.
5 .1 ROUTINE INSPECTION
@egular planned inspection and ade(uate maintenance will be carried out to ensure safe operation of
all plant used on excavation work, whether leased, hired or owned. 2oth mechanical and electrical
testing will be done. The following checks will also be carried out
!a" 7aily checks general condition and maintenance of the plant will be checked daily by the person
doing the excavation work.
!b" @egular checks the plant will be inspected by a competent person on a regular basis, or at least
every two weeks.
5 .2 REPAIRS AND MAINTENANCE
The contractor will ensure the plant repairs will be carried out by a competent person and in
accordance with the designerDs or manufacturerDs re(uirements.
5 .3 REPORTING DEFECTS
3ny defects to e(uipment will be reported immediately to the person responsible for maintaining such
plant. &here a defect is likely to pose an immediate risk to health and safety the e(uipment or plant
will not be used until the defect is recti,ed.
5 .4 LOG BOOKS AND INSPECTION CHECK SHEETS
The contractor will keep logbooks and inspection check sheets containing a full service and repairs
history of the e(uipment.
. TRAINING AND INSTRUCTION
;nder *S+ regulations employers will provide training, instruction, information and supervision, as
may be necessary, to ensure the health and safety at work of their employees. This will be provided
by a competent person. 3ll persons involved in any excavation or associated work will
< be trained to follow systems of work and work practices that enable them to perform their work in a
manner that is safe and without risks to health, and/
< hold appropriate certi,cates of competencies where re(uired, particularly in the operation and use
of load shifting e(uipment.
>nly persons who have received training and instruction will carry out the work. The training provided
and the instruction given will at least include
!a" induction training which complies with )onstruction Safety 4 *S+ regulation
!b" the work method to be used for the excavation or associated work and the manual handling
procedures for the work to be carried out, including control measures based on the risk assessment to
prevent injury.
!c" the correct use, care and storage in accordance with the manufacturerDs recommendations where
appropriate, of
< personal protective e(uipment/ and
< tools and e(uipment to be used.
!d" the use of plant and associated e(uipment, including electrical safety and ha-ardous substances.
!e" procedures to be adopted in the event of accident, injury or other emergency, including
evacuation.
! . PERSONAL PROTECTI$E E(UIPMENT )PPE*
The use of PP+ to control ha-ards and risks is the least e$ective measure and is lowest on the
hierarchy of control measures. )ontrol measures will be selected from the highest level possible and
be adopted where practicable. The measures at the lower levels are less e$ective and they re(uire
more fre(uent reviews of the ha-ards and systems of work. They will only be used when other control
measures are impracticable or when, after implementing other controls, a residual risk remains.
! .1 PRO$ISION OF PPE
2efore commencing any work, the principal contractor and or contractors will identify any conditions
likely to a$ect the health and safety of persons. %f other means of control are not practical, the
provision and use of appropriate PP+ that complies with the relevant *S+ regulations will be
arranged. +mployees will be trained till they are competent in the proper selection, use and
Shapoorji Pallonji 4 )o. 5td.
SP )enter, 6.166 Minoo 7esai Marg, )olaba, Mumbai 8 9
maintenance of the PP+. There will be su'cient supervision and monitoring conducted to ensure
compliance.
! .1.1 SAFETY HELMETS
The use of safety helmets may prevent or lessen a head injury from falling objects or a person hitting
their head against something. &here there is a likely hood of persons being injured by falling objects
and overhead protection is not provided, persons will be provided with and will use an appropriate
safety helmet. 3ppropriate safety helmets will also be provided and used where a person may strike
their hand against a ,xed or protruding object or where there is a risk of accidental head contact with
electrical ha-ards.
3ll persons on excavation sites will wear head protection that conforms to occupational protective
helmets.
! .1.2 EYE PROTECTION
+ye protection complying with *S+ regulations will also be provided, where there is a risk of eye
injury. Selection, use and management systems will comply with *S+ regulations
! .1.3 PERSONAL HEARING PROTECTION
3 noise assessment will be conducted to determine the level of noise that employees are exposed to.
&here the noise is in excess of the noise exposure limits, engineering controls will be implemented.
! .1.4 HIGH $ISIBILITY GARMENTS+SAFETY REFLECTI$E $ESTS
Persons working near tra'c, mobile plant or e(uipment under operator control, will be provided with
and use high visibility garments. >ther clothing not covered by the high visibility garment will be light
colored and all garments will be selected for best contrast with the surrounding background.
! .1.5 SAFETY GLO$ES
&here there is a risk of hand injury hand protection that complies with *S+ regulations will be
provided and used.
! .2 MAINTENANCE AND USE OF PPE
The contractor will provide such information, instruction, training and supervision as may be
necessary to ensure that PP+ are used and maintained as intended. 3ll PP+ used by persons during
excavation work will be regularly inspected and replaced as necessary.
". OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY
&hile the obligation for each person is di$erent, all persons will ensure that the way they carry out
their work will not interfere with the health and safety of the other persons who are present at the
workplace. 3ll work practices must comply with *S+ regulations.
CONTRACTOR,S RESPONSIBILITIES
The contractor has an obligation to take reasonable care for the health and safety of the other
persons in the place of work and to cooperate with their employer in the interests of health, safety
and welfare. +mployees will use appropriate protective e(uipment for the work being performed
Shapoorji Pallonji 4 )o. 5td.
SP )enter, 6.166 Minoo 7esai Marg, )olaba, Mumbai 8 9