33 Series SPP Projects Compendium

1
STUDENT PROJECT PROGRAMME

(ENGINEERING SCIENCES)

TECHNICAL RECORD OF
33
rd
Series : 2009 - 10

Released on the occasion of

SEMINAR AND EXHIBITION OF SELECTED PROJECTS

at
SHRIDEVI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, TUMKUR

on 6
th
and 7
th
August, 2010

Organised jointly
by
KARNATAKA STATE COUNCIL FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
INDIAN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE, BANGALORE - 560 012

and

SHRIDEVI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
TUMKUR
33
rd
Series : SPP : KSCST : 2009-10
2
33
rd
Series of Student Project Programme - Technical Record: 2009-10 - A book on
summery of Student Projects selected for Seminar and Exhibition for the year 2009 -
2010. Published by Karnataka State Council for Science and Technology (KSCST), Indian
Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012.
Compiled and Edited by:
Dr. S. G. Sreekanteswara Swamy, Fellow and Principal Investigator - SPP
K. N. Venkatesh, Project Assistant, KSCST.
Size : Demy 1/4 Pages : 190

KSCST

No. of Copies: 700

Published by:
Karnataka State Council for Science and Technology
Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore - 560 012
Telephone : 080 - 23341652, 23348848, 23348849
Telefax : 080 - 23348840
E-mail : office@kscst.iisc.ernet.in , spp@kscst.iisc.ernet.in , office@kscst.org.in
Website: www.kscst.iisc.ernet.in/spp.html
www.kscst.org.in/spp.html

Supported by:
Department of Science and Technology, Government of India
and
Department of Science and Technology, Government of Karnataka

Printed by:
M/s. Ravi Graphics, Rajajinagar, Bangalore - 10

33
rd
3
CONTENTS

FOREWORD 13

ABOUT KARNATAKA STATE COUNCIL FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 14

SHRIDEVI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, TUMKUR - A BRIEF OVERVIEW 16

PROGRAMME OF 33
RD
SERIES : 2009-10 ON 6
TH
AND 7
TH
AUGUST 2010 18

SEMINAR PROJECTS
BIOTECHNOLOGY
Sl.
No.
PROJECT
REF. NO.
TITLE OF THE PROJECT AND NAME OF THE COLLEGE PAGE
NO.
1. 33S0976 SECONDARY METABOLITES OF ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI FROM MEDICINAL PLANTS: A NEW HOPE
FOR ANTITUMOR PROPERTY
- B.V. BHOOMARADDI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, HUBLI
33
2. 33S0045 INVITRO ANTI-CANCER ACTIVITY OF SELECTED HERBAL EXTRACTS
- BAPUJI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DAVANGERE
34
3. 33S0293 A STUDY OF ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES OF NELUMBO NUCIFERA
RHIZOME/FLOWER ON HARMFUL BACTERIA AND BENEFICIAL GUT FLORA
- BMS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BASAVANGUDI, BANGALORE
35
4. 33S0485 INVITRO ANTIFUNGAL BIOASSAY OF EUPHORBIA NERIIFOLIA ROOT EXTRACTS ON STEM
BLEEDING DISEASE OF COCONUT
36
5. 33S0481 MICROWAVE ASSISTED EXTRACTION OF POLYPHENOLS FROM GREEN TEA
- M. S. RAMAIAH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, BANGALORE
38
6. 33S0426 DEVELOPMENT OF PURPLE TOMATO FRUIT FORTIFIED WITH ANTHOCYANINS BY
TRANSGENIC
- NAGARJUNA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, BANGALORE
39
7. 33S0425 STUDY OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF AMARANTHUS AND ITS APPLICATION I THE
DEVELOPMENT OF DRUGS FOR SOME COMMAN DISEASES
39
8. 33S0381 AN INVESTIGATION INTO BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION FROM UNCONVENTIONAL
BIORESOURCES
- NMAM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, NITTE
40
9. 33S0388 REMOVAL OF HEAVY METALS BY SALVINIA MOLESTA FROM INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENT
COUPLED WITH BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION
41
10. 33S0392 BIOHYDROGEN FUEL FROM CELLULOSE RICH COWDUNG ENRICHED BETEL NUT SHELLS
- P.A. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, MANGALORE
42
11. 33S1084 AGROBACTERIUM TUMIFACIENS MEDIATED GENETIC TRANSFORMATION OF ARACHIS
HYPOGAEA (GROUNDNUT)
- R. V. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BANGALORE
43
33
rd
4
12. 33S0276 EVALUATION OF ANTIPROLIFERATIVE ACTIVITY OF PAVONIA ZEYLANICA CAV. ON
MAMMARIAN CANCER CELLS
- SHRIDEVI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, TUMKUR
44
13. 33S0278 ISOLATION OF BIOACTIVE PRINCIPLE FROM NOTHOPODYTES NIMMONIANA, BLUME AND ITS
INTERACTION WITH SNAKE VENOM
45
14. 33S0672 ISOLATION AND CULTIVATION OF MICROALGAE IN VARIOUS BIOREACTORS FOR THE BI0-
DISEL PRODUCTION
- SRI B.V.V. SANGHA'S BASAVESHWARA ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BAGALKOT
46
15. 33S0673 MOLECULAR AND POMOLOGICAL DIVERSITY IN POMEGRANATE (PUNICA GRANATUM L.) OF
BAGALKOT DISTRICT.
47
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
16. 33S0007 STUDIES ON CONVERSION OF MUNICIPAL WASTES IN TO LIQUID FUELS
48
17. 33S0441 SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND APPLICATION STUDIES OF ZINC-OXIDE NANO
POWDER
49
CIVIL ENGINEERING
18. 33S0700 STUDIES ON QUALITY OF GROUNDWATER AND ITS GEOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT IN JAGALUR
TALUK OF DAVANAGERE DISTRICT
50
19. 33S0781 STRENGTH AND ELASTICITY OF COMPOSITE MORTARS
- BLDEA'S V. P. DR. P. G. HALAKATTI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY,
BIJAPUR
51
20. 33S0100 INTRODUCTION OF MODIFIED BINDERS IN STRUCTURAL BASE COURSE LAYERS
- DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KUMARASWAMY LAYOUT,
BANGALORE
52
21. 33S0529 SELF HEALING BIO-CONCRETE AND ELECTRIC CURING
- JAWAHARLAL NEHRU NATIONAL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, SHIMOGA
53
22. 33S1131 STATUS OF BIOMEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT IN SHIMOGA CITY
54
23. 33S0742 ANN MODELLING FOR PREDICTION OF STRENGTH PARAMETERS OF STEEL FIBRE
REINFORCED HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE
- K.L.E SOCIETY'S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, UDYAMBAG,
BELGAUM
55
24. 33S0740 UTILIZATION OF INDUSTRIAL WASTES IN THE PRODUCTION OF BLENDED CONCRETE
BELGAUM
57
25. 33S0231 CONCRETE MIX DESIGN BY PACKING DENSITY METHOD
- KLS GOGTE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, UDYAMBAG, BELGAUM
58
26. 33S0789 PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF CEMENT & SAND BY FLY ASH & QUARRY DUST USING PARTICLE
PACKING THEORY
- SDM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DHARWAD
59
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27. 33S0905 ASSESSING THE STATUS OF ANCIENT KALYANIS FOR REJUVENATION IN TUMKUR DISTRICT
USING GEOSPATIAL TECHNOLOGIES
- SIDDAGANGA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, TUMKUR
60
28. 33S0666 GIS BASED RAINFALL AND RECHARGE STUDIES AND TIME SERIES ANALYSIS OF RAINFALL
61
29. 33S0900 STUDIES ON FREE SWELL BEHAVIOUR OF MIXTURES OF CLAY MINERALS UNDER VARYING
PORE MEDIUM CHEMISTRY
- SRI JAYACHAMARAJENDRA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, MYSORE
62
30. 33S1008 A STUDY ON FEASIBILITY OF DIVERSION OF NETHRAVATHI WATER BY PROVIDING GARLAND
CANALS
- THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING, MYSORE
63
31. 33S0328 QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE EVALUATION STUDY ON LEACHATE GENERATION AT
MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL SITE PUTTUR TOWN DAKSHINA KANNADA
- VIVEKANANDA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, PUTTUR, D. K.
64
COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
32. 33S0726 PHOTOSHOP FOR ANDROID SMART PHONES
- ACHARYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, BANGALORE
66
33. 33S0803 IDENTIFICATION AND RECOGNITION OF JEWELRY OBJECTS FROM AN IMAGE
BIJAPUR
66
34. 33S0169 HIGH SECURE MAILING SYSTEM
- CANARA ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BANTWAL TALUK, DAKSHINA KANNADA
67
35. 33S0393 RETINAL AUTHENTICATION
- HIRASUGAR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, NIDASOSHI, BELGAUM
68
36. 33S0738 KANNADA CHARACTER RECOGNITION
- JSS ACADEMY OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION, BANGALORE
68
37. 33S0787 UNICODE BASED PEOPLE SEARCH PORTAL USING INDIAN LANGUAGES
- MALNAD COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, HASSAN
70
38. 33S0689 ADBUSTER- A COMMUNITY BASED AD BLOCKING TOOL
- SRINIVAS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, MANGALORE
71
ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS
39. 33S0826 REAL TIME AUTOMATED LOAD SHEDDING FOR POWER LINES
- ACHARYA POLYTECHNIC, BANGALORE
71
40. 33S1041 ENERGY AUDIT: DEMAND SIDE MANAGEMENT OF A.I.T. CAMPUS
- ADICHUNCHANAGIRI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, CHIKMAGALUR
72
41. 33S1046 STUDY OF ENERGY CONSERVATION OF AIT CAMPUS BY ENERGY AUDIT
73
42. 33S0174 DESIGN, MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF THYRISTOR CONTROLLED IMPEDANCE TYPE FACTS
CONTROLLER
- CANARA ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BENJANAPADAVU, BANTWAL TALUK, DAKSHINA
KANNADA
74
43. 33S0904 ELECTRIC FIELD ANALYSIS OF HIGH VOLTAGE PORCELAIN INSULATORS
75
33
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6
44. 33S0415 LUMASS (LOCALIZED UNMANNED AERIAL SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM)
- SHIRDI SAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE, ANEKAL, BANGALORE
76
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION
45. 33S0377 REAL TIME VEHICLE TRACKING AND MONITORING SYSTEM USING GPS & GSM
- CHANNABASAVESHWARA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, GUBBI, TUMKUR
76
46. 33S0572 COST EFFECTIVE TRANSPORT BABY INCUBATOR FOR RURAL HEALTH CARE
- G.M. INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, DAVANGERE
77
47. 33S0578 I-SERIES BLOOD BANK REFRIGERATOR
78
48. 33S0086 A NOVEL PITCH PERIOD DETECTION ALGORITHM BASED ON HILBERT-HUANG TRANSFORM
- KALPATARU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, TIPTUR
79
49. 33S0995 IDENTIFICATION OF DISEASES USING FEATURES OF LEAVES IN RUBBER AND/OR COFFEE
PLANTATION
- KVG COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, SULLIA
80
50. 33S0984 KANNADA CHARACTER RECOGNITION - AMELIORATION FOR HANDWRITTEN TEXTS
81
51. 33S0842 REAL TIME MULTIPURPOSE PUBLIC INFORMATION SYSTEM
- RNS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, CHANNASANDRA, BANGALORE
81
52. 33S0921 ONLINE LICENSE PLATE RECOGNITION SYSTEM
82
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
53. 33S1092 RECOVERY OF COPPER FROM ELECTROPLATING SLUDGE USING CEMENTATION METHOD
- VIDYA VARDHAKA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, GOKULAM 3RD STAGE, MYSORE
83
54. 33S0367 TREATEMENT OF ORGANIC CONSTITUENTS AND NUTRIENTS OF DOMESTIC AND DAIRY
EFFLUENT USING SBBR TECHNIQUE
84
INDUSTRIAL AND PRODUCTION ENGINEERING
55. 33S0262 FRICTION WELDING
85
56. 33S0261 LINEAR AND NON-LINEAR MODELLING OF PRESSURE DIE CASTING PROCESS
86
INFORMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
57. 33S1080 AN EFFICIENT SEARCHING STRATEGY FOR LARGE DATABASE OF KPTCL USING BITMAP
INDEXING
- NITTE MEENAKSHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, YELAHANKA, BANGALORE
87
58. 33S0318 AUTOMATIC EXUDATES DETECTION FROM NON-DILATED DIABETIC RETINOPATHY
- SMT KAMALA & SRI VENKATAPPA M. AGADI COLLEGE OF ENGG., & TECHNOLOGY,
LAXMESHWAR
88
59. 33S0762 SHORTEST PATH FINDER USING DISTANCE VECTOR ROUTING ALGORITHM IN ADHOC
NETWORKS
88
33
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7
INSTRUMENTATION TECHNOLOGY
60. 33S0780 INTELLIGENT ARGICULTURAL SYSTEM WITH WEATHER MONITORING
- PDA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, GULBARGA
89
61. 33S0907 LABVIEW BASED AUTOMATED SHOOTING EQUIPMENT
90
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
62. 33S0138 EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS OF DRAG COEFFICIENTS OF SEMI CIRCULAR HOLLOW
CYLINDRICAL CUP FOR DIFFERENT ORIENTATION
BIJAPUR
90
63. 33S1125 DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF THE METALLIC WING OF A TRANSPORT AIRCRAFT
- ISLAMIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, N. P. ROAD, BANGALORE
91
64. 33S0282 MODIFICATION OF EVACUATED TUBE SOLAR COOKER
92
65. 33S0368 MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION MAKING FOR MAINTENANCE OF INDUCTION FURNACE BY USING
ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS
93
66. 33S0233 DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF WIND TUNNEL
95
67. 33S0235 PREDICTION OF IMPACT FORCES ON A VEHICLE CHASSIS DUE TO ROAD IRREGULARITIES
96
68. 33S0901 EFFECT OF CVD-GROWN AL2O3 COATINGS IN IMPROVING THE PERFORMANCE OF
CEMENTED CARBIDE CUTTING TOOLS INSERTS
- REVA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT, YELAHANKA, BANGALORE
96
69. 33S0361 DESIGN OF BICYCLE CARRIAGE FOR NEWS PAPER DISTRIBUTORS
97
70. 33S0681 FOLDABLE HELMET
- SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, TUMKUR
98
POLYMER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
71. 33S0701 DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF DEGRADABLE LDPE BASED PACKAGING MATERIALS
HAVING MULTIFUNCTION PROPERTIESFOR FOOD CONTACT APPLICATIONS
100
72. 33S1128 JATROPHA OIL CAKE INCORPORATED STYRENE BUTADIENE
RUBBER GREEN COMPOSITES
101
TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
73. 33S0716 RATION SHOP AUTOMATION USING RFID
102

33
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8
EXHIBITION PROJECTS
AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERING
Sl.
No.
PROJECT
REF. NO.
TITLE OF THE PROJECT AND NAME OF THE COLLEGE
PAGE
NO.
74. 33S0412 BOMB DETECTING VEHICLE
- S.J.P.N. TRUST'S POLYTECHNIC, NIDASOSHI, BELGAUM
103
BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
75. 33S0870 GYRO-MOUSE FOR THE DISABLED
BELGAUM
103
CIVIL ENGINEERING
76. 33S0273 STUDY ON BEHAVIOUR OF BENDABLE CONCRETE
104
77. 33S0920 DEFLORIDATION OF DRINKING WATER USING INEXPENSIVE ACTIVATED CARBONS AS
ADSORBENTS
- ANJUMAN ENGINEERING COLLEGE (FOR MEN), BHATKAL
105
78. 33S0615 EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON HIGH VOLUME FLY ASH CONCRETE BUILDING BLOCKS (SOLID
AND HOLLOW) AND MASONRY
106
79. 33S1031 GEOPOLYMER BRICKS BY USING NATURAL SAND AND LATERITIC SOIL
107
80. 33S0170 VIDEO STREAMING USING CELL PHONE WITH SECURITY
- CANARA ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BENJANAPADAVU, BANTWAL TALUK,
DAKSHINA KANNADA
108
81. 33S1026 A REMOTE MONITORING SYSTEM TO IMPROVE EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES OF VISUALLY
IMPAIRED
109
82. 33S1019 LICENSE PLATE RECOGNITION USING C#
- KNS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, TIRUMENHALLI, BANGALORE
110
83. 33S0927 OBJECT LOCATING AND SURFACE RECOGNIZING ROBOTIC ARM
111
84. 33S0152 DESKTOP E-MAIL ALERT USING POP3
- PROUDHADEVARAYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, HOSPET, BELLARY
111
85. 33S0945 LIBRARY MANAGEMENT USING RFID
112
86. 33S0631 WIKIPEDIA
113
87. 33S0745 COMPUTER RECOGNITION FOR HANDWRITTEN ENGLISH AND KANNADA CHARACTERS
- RTE SOCIETY'S RURAL ENGINEERING COLLEGE, HULKOTI, GADAG
114
33
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88. 33S0827 IMPLEMENTATION OF INTELLIGENT DIGITAL ENERGY METER
114
89. 33S0400 MICROCONTROLLER BASED PARTIAL LOADED INDUCTION MOTOR SCHEME
115
90. 33S0859 A NOVEL MODEL FOR MOULDING PROCESS IN FOUNDRY USING CAPACITIVE PROXIMITY
SENSOR
BELGAUM
116
91. 33S0785 SOLAR POWERED BICYCLE - SURYAASHWA
117
92. 33S0784 AUTOMATIC FEEDING AND TEMPERATURE CONTROL IN POULTRY
118
93. 33S0417 GLUCK MASCOTT EN FISICAS (VEHICLE FOR PHYSICALLY CHALLENGED)
119
94. 33S0343 AUTOMATIC CONTROL OF WATER SUPPLY AND STREET LIGHTING CONTROL USING PLC
119
95. 33S0347 EMBEDDED BASED AUTOMATION OF SUBSTATION USING GSM BASED TECHNOLOGY.
120
96. 33S0160 POWER GENERATION BY SEWAGE WATER USING MICROBES
120
97. 33S0001 AN EYE FOR THE BLIND
121
98. 33S0616 R.F BASED SPEECH CONTROL ROBOT
122
99. 33S1018 PORTABLE BOOK READER : AN AID FOR VISUALLY CHALLENGED
- BANGALORE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, BANGALORE
123
100. 33S0792 APPLICATION OF ZIGBEE FOR POLLUTION MONITORING BY AUTOMOBILES
BIJAPUR
124
101. 33S0270 AUTOMATIC CONTROL AND COLLISION AVOIDANCE IN BRT (BUS RAPID TRANSIT) SYSTEM
- BTL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT, HOSUR ROAD, BANGALORE
125
102. 33S0162 HARMFUL GAS AND HUMIDITY SENSOR WITH WIRELESS (XBEE) TRANSMISSION AND
RECEPTION ENABLED SMART INDUSTRIAL PLANT WITH IVRS
KANNADA
126
103. 33S0156 BEVERAGE VENDING MACHINE
127
104. 33S0158 DEVELOPMENT OF PROTOTYPE MICROSYRINGE INFUSION PUMP
127
105. 33S0153 WIRELESS INTELLIGENT SENSOR NETWORK BASED SMART BUILDING FOR GREEN
ENVIRONMENT AND SECURITY
- CMR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, ITPL, BANGALORE
128
33
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10
106. 33S0570 INTEGRATED EMBEDDED BIOMEDICAL WEARABLE VEST FOR REMOTE MONITORING OF
PHYSIOLOGICAL SIGNALS WITH DISTRESS ALARM AND GSM TECHNIQUE WITH VB
129
107. 33S0848 PICK AND PLACE ROBOTIC HAND WITH OBJECT SENSING SYSTEM
- GSSS INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY FOR WOMEN, MYSORE
130
108. 33S0846 VEHICLE ANTI-COLLISION USING ULTRASONIC SIGNALS
131
109. 33S0432 AIR POLLUTION DETECTION AND TRAFFIC DENSITY ANALYZER BY WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY
BELGAUM
132
110. 33S0433 CONVERSION OF EYE LID MOVEMENTS INTO AUDIO SIGNALS TO CONVEY THE FEELINGS OF
A PARTIALLY PARALYTIC PATIENT
BELGAUM
133
111. 33S0836 NECK MOVEMENT OPERATED WHEEL CHAIR FOR QUADRIPLEGIA
BELGAUM
133
112. 33S0085 SUMMING AND PRINTING ELECTRONIC WEIGHING MACHINE
134
113. 33S0684 MASTER SLAVE ROBOTIC ARM USING MICROCONTROLLERS
135
114. 33S0949 POWER LED STREET LIGHT SYSTEM
- KLS VISHWANATHRAO DESHPANDE RURAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, HALIYAL
135
115. 33S0483 SARATHI THE BATTLEBOT
136
116. 33S0585 AUTOMATIC METER READING
137
117. 33S0594 EXAMINATION QUESTION PAPER LEAKAGE PROTECTION MECHANISM
138
118. 33S0567 THE GHOST WRITER
138
119. 33S0520 PC CONTROLLED LAND ROVER
- SAMBHRAM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, BANGALORE
139
120. 33S0941 GENERATION OF POWER USING DIFFERENT NATURAL RESOURCES AND ITS APPLICATION
USING MICROCONTROLLER
140
121. 33S0503 REMOTE MONITORING AND CONTROLLING OF STREET LIGHTS USING GMS MOBILE
141
122. 33S0887 A ROBOTIC BASED GREENHOUSE PARAMETER MONITORING AND CONTROL SYSTEM USING
ZIGBEE
142
123. 33S1081 SMART LIBRARY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM USING RF
- SJM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, CHITRADURGA
143
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124. 33S0266 CONCEPT OF MODULAR FIXTURE, DESIGN AND FABRICATION
144
125. 33S0114 MULTI-LINGUAL BRAILLE MACHINE
145
126. 33S0125 SMART WINDOWS
146
127. 33S0027 VOICE ENABLED WEB BROWSER
146
128. 33S0286 CONSISTENCY MAINTENANCE IN REAL TIME GROUP EDITORS
147
129. 33S0315 TEXT EXTRACTION FROM NATURAL SCENE IMAGES
LAXMESHWAR
147
130. 33S0656 I-TOYZ TALK TO ME.. SPEECH RECOGNITION USING RSC-4128 DEMO / EVAL TOOL KIT
148
131. 33S0018 DIVINE DEVICE FOR VISUALLY IMPAIRED FOR NAVIGATING EVERYWHERE
149
132. 33S0724 INTELLIGENT STREET LIGHTS USING LIGHT INTENSITY SENSOR
- DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KUMARASWAMY LAYOUT,
BANGALORE
150
133. 33S0866 MULTIPURPOSE WHEEL CHAIR FOR HIGHLY PHYSICALLY DISABLED PEOPLE
151
134. 33S0644 POWER GENERATION BY NON-CONVENTIONAL METHOD
152
135. 33S0756 GSM BASED BORDER SECURITY SYSTEM USING WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS
- RAO BAHADUR Y. MAHABALESHWARAPPA ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BELLARY
152
136. 33S0501 MICROCONTROLLER BASED PROCESS MONITORING AND SAFETY SYSTEM WITH CLOSED
LOOP SYSTEM
153
137. 33S0497 A REMOTE MONITORING SYSTEM TO IMPROVE EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES OF VISUALLY
IMPAIRED STUDENTS
154
138. 33S0145 DESIGN, FABRICATION AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF AN AUTOMATIC SHOWER BATH
SYSTEM
BIJAPUR
155
139. 33S1013 DRY CHILLI DE-SEEDING UNIT
155
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140. 33S1054 IMPROVEMENT IN THE DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF LOW COST FILAMENT WINDING
MACHINE
156
141. 33S0234 ATV (ALL TERRAIN VEHICLE), INCORPORATED WITH TRACTOR MECHANISM.
157
142. 33S0469 ROSE DELEAFING MACHINE
- MARATHA MANDALS ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BELGAUM
158
143. 33S0518 LOW COST NOODLE EXTRUSION MACHINE
159
144. 33S0378 AUTOMATIC FERROUS POWDER SEPARATOR
159
145. 33S0274 PEDAL OPERATED POWER GENERATOR
160
146. 33S1095 VERTICAL AXIS WIND TURBINE
161
147. 33S1094 SOLAR OPERATED CUTTING MACHINE WITH SAFETY DEVICE
161
148. 33S0668 ANTI TOPPLE MECHANISM FOR TWO WHEELERS
161
149. 33S0288 TAMARIND SEED SEPERATOR
162
150. 33S0967 DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF 2 IN 1STOVE
SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, TUMKUR
163
151. 33S0961 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER
164
152. 33S0094 DIGITAL ENERGY METER
165

LIST OF PROJECTS SELECTED FOR PROJECT OF THE YEAR AWARDED DURING
SEMINAR AND EXHIBITION OF 32
nd
SERIES: 2008-09 166

STUDENT PROJECTS SANCTIONED UNDER 33
RD
SERIES: 2009-10 169

DETAILS OF SPP SEMINAR AND EXHIBITION ORGANISED 184

ABSTRACT OF LECTURE 185

33
rd
13
FOREWORD

Karnataka State Council for Science and Technology (KSCST) was founded in the year 1975 with a view to
utilize the scientific and technical expertise of a large number of Scientists, Technologists and Engineers in the
State to alleviate prevailing poverty, improve the living standards of people and to reduce disparity through S&T
intervention. Housing, Energy, Environment, Water and Waste Management are some of the sectors that were
identified by KSCST for improved and efficient management through S & T intervention.
Some of the success stories arising from the activities of the Council include - Design of novel biogas
plants, Solar collectors, Solar pond, Gasifiers, Design of high efficiency cooking stove (ASTRA Ole), setting up
of rural energy centres and Innovative use of sisal plant. Recent major initiatives of KSCST for societal benefits
include Rainwater Harvesting, Karnataka State Spatial Data Infrastructure and Waste Management.
Apart from playing a catalytic role in the implementation of sustainable technologies to society-centric
problems/ issues, KSCST has also been promoting research, development and innovation in universities.
Innovation and technology are needed to transform our nation from reliance on the exploitation of natural
resources to technological innovation as basis for sustainable and all round development. Recognising this
need, KSCST initiated Student Project Programme, popularly known as SPP, as early as 1977. The main
purpose of this programme is to bring out hidden talent and innovative spirit burning in the minds of young
engineers graduating from colleges across the State. Under this programme, KSCST has been providing both
technical and financial support to projects undertaken by the final year engineering students of VTU and of other
engineering colleges. All these projects are selected and funded by KSCST after peer review by the faculty of
Indian Institute of Science. After the completion of projects, they are again evaluated by the experts. In this
series the Council has supported projects in various fields. Thus KSCST has been playing crucial role in
building confidence and enhancing capabilities of engineering graduates passing out from colleges in the State.
This is the 33
rd
SPP Seminar and Exhibition in the series being conducted uninterruptedly since its
inception. We are very pleased that Shridevi Institute Engineering and Technology (SIET), Tumkur, is hosting
this programme. We hope that this Seminar and Exhibition will inspire students to be more innovative and build
innovative society. We thank the Department of Science and Technology, Government of India and
Department of Science and Technology, Government of Karnataka for their continued support in conducting of
this programme.

Prof. M. S. Mohan Kumar
Secretary, KSCST

33
rd
14

ABOUT KSCST

Karnataka State Council for Science and Technology (KSCST) was established in 1975 to play a
catalytic role in promoting the application of Science and Technology in developmental processes
of the state in order to benefit a large segment of people. KSCST is the first State Council to be
set up in the country to fulfill the long-felt need of bringing together administrators, field level
officers in various government departments, scientists and technologists in research laboratories
and research institutions. The council has chosen many areas like Energy, Agriculture, Water,
Housing, Health and Education for its activities. The Council has completed several projects in
these areas such as Mid-day Meals for School Children, Lowcost Housing, Solar Energy
Applications, Zoning Atlas, Mapping for use in district administration, Water resources
development, Hand pumps for drinking water wells in villages, etc.
The objectives of the State Council are:
To identify areas for application of Science and Technology to development needs,
objectives and goals for Karnataka, and in particular, to the prevailing conditions of
backwardness, rural unemployment and poverty;
To advise government on the formulation of policies and measures including technical,
administrative and legal devices, which will promote such applications to identified
needs, objectives and goals; in particular to health, education and manpower utilisation
with special emphasis on the development of human skills in the rural areas and in the
slums; and which will promote the scientific management of the natural resources of
the State;
To promote effective coordination and to develop and foster communication and other
links between centres of scientific and technological research, Government agencies,
farms and industries so that promising Research and Development work is initiated,
promoted and effectively deployed in agriculture, in government and elsewhere;
To initiate, support and coordinate applied research programmes in universities and
other institutions in areas identified to be specially suitable for the application of
Science and Technology;
To prepare Science and Technology plans relevant to the development needs of the
State;
To consider, and advise the government on such other matters as relevant to the
application of Science and Technology to the problems of Karnataka State.
The Council has constantly involved several institutions and governmental agencies to identify
research areas of major concerns in sectors such as Housing, Energy, Water supply, Ecology and
Environment, Industries and Rural employment. The Council has evolved a methodology of
conducting workshops with participation of leading scientists and administrators and technocrats
to identify problems faced, in the state, in each area and to formulate research projects based on
these identified problems. These problems were given to different research labs for study and to
evolve solutions and these have also been implemented in the fields wherever found suitable.
The Council has undertaken several path breaking programs in the area of Energy. To
name a few, it has setup a rotor windmill for pumping water at Ungra, a community biogas
33
rd
15
service unit supplying water and electricity in Pura, Energy Parks in different parts of the state,
Solar water heating systems in several places. It has also set up Microhydel stations at Elaneer
village in Dakshina Kannada district and Vanachalu village near Mercara, which uses a modern
technology of cross flow turbines.
KSCST has assisted the state in district level planning in 30 districts through setting up of
Natural Resources Data Management System (NRDMS) centers in these districts. These centers
use modern scientific tools like Geographic Information System (GIS) and spatial data support
system for identifying locations with problems like drinking water supply, location of hospitals,
schools, etc. This helps in empowerment of local bodies of governance in optimal use of
resources. Recently under the project Karnataka State Spatial Data Infrastructure (KSSDI),
undertaken jointly with Department of Science and Technology of Government of Karnataka and
Government of India, the Council has launched a Geoportal wherein any interested person /
institution can access , discover, publish geospatial data such as administrative boundaries,
thematic maps, infrastructure facilities, etc., of the state. Rainwater Harvesting is one of the
important programme of the Council. Last year, the Council opened a Help Desk jointly with
BWSSB, to promote Rainwater Harvesting in Bangalore City. KSCST has done lots of
experimentation in treatment of municipal solid and liquid wastes and their recycling. KSCST has
participated in the identification of research programmes in the area of biodiversity. KSCST is
involved in identifying the problems and strategies for S&T inputs in various sectors. Patent
Information Centre (PIC) has been functioning to bring awareness about Intellectual Property
Rights (IPR) among scientific and student communities and to assist in filing applications.
One of the major activities of KSCST has been to improve the quality of education in our
colleges. In view of this, Student Project Programme (SPP) was started during 197879 to
sponsor engineering student projects and this innovative project has been playing a very
important role for last three decades. Many projects deal with technology applications very
relevant to the State. During the 33
rd
series (2009-10) of this programme which commenced in
November 2009, a total of 291 projects from 67 colleges were sponsored by the Council. Since its
start in 1978, the Council, under this programme, has supported more than 6500 projects.
The success of these activities are mainly due to excellent co-operation which the Council
received from different departments of the Government and the scientific community in different
research institutions of Karnataka, particularly from Indian Institute of Science. The support and
co-operation of many senior functionaries of the State Government like the Chief Minister,
Minister for Science and Technology, Finance Minister, Minister for Rural Development and
Panchayat Raj as well as the Chief Secretary, Additional Chief Secretary, Development
Commissioner, Finance Secretary, Science and Technology Secretariat are extremely important in
the success of these activities. The Council has completed 33 years and is looking forward for
even more participation from colleges for improving the performance further.

* ~ * ~ *
33
rd
16
Shridevi Institute of Engineering and Technology (SIET), Tumkur
A Brief Overview

Sri Shridevi Charitable Trust (R) was established in the year 1992 with the mission of imparting
the best quality education to all sections of the society. Since then, the Trust has rendered the
service to the society in the fields of Education and Health by establishing Hospital, Diagnostic
Centre, School and College of Nursing, College of Physiotherapy, College of Education, Diploma
Institute of Education, College of PU Education, Polytechnic, Management studies, Schools of
Primary & High School Education and Engineering College in own buildings with highly qualified
staff and good infrastructure.
Dr. M.R. Hulinaykar, M.B.B.S., M.S., the founder Managing Trustee has his name
synonymous with the surgical excellence. He is the epitome of knowledge and is known for his
commitment and zeal to serve. Service and Development is his hymn and verse.
The Institution, established in the year 2002, is recognized by the AICTE, New Delhi and is
affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belgaum. The Institututions campus is spread
over 60 acres of land with lush green lawns in tranquil atmosphere far from madding crowds. The
campus has the best academic ambience which houses the widespread buildings with
administrative block, academic block with spacious lecture halls, well equipped laboratories, well
stacked library, tidy workshop etc. The Institute has students not only from Karnataka but also
from different parts of the country.
The Institutions of the Trust are located on the outskirts of Tumkur city on Bangalore-
Pune National Highway No-4. Tumkur City a hub of educational institutions, has an excellent
study environment with fascinating blend of urban sophistication and rustic delight. It is just
about 70 Kms from IT and BT capital Bangalore city.
Shridevi Institute of Engineering and Technology, an ISO 9001-2008 certified institution,
strives to excel in imparting quality education inculcated with ethical, moral & spiritual values to
engineering & management students to make them globally competitive, with the following
objectives.
To strive hard for academic excellence
To achieve maximum placements and entrepreneurship development through proper
training
To enhance industry institute interaction
To promote & encourage R&D activities
To synergize spiritual and moral values
Courses offered: The institute offers six undergraduate courses and one Post Graduate course
with an annual intake of 480 students.
Post Graduate Courses:
1. Master of Business Administration
Under Graduate Course:
o Electronics and Communication
o Computer Science and Engineering
33
rd
17
o Bio-Technology
o Mechanical Engineering
o Electrical and Electronics Engineering
o Information Science and Engineering
Currently a total of 1,480 students are studying in this institution.
The institution is well established and the laboratories of all the departments are equipped
with state-of-the-art lab facilities. Apart from teaching, all the departments organize value added
courses, expert lecturers, workshops, entrepreneurship awareness camp and training for
competitive examinations.
Training & Placement Cell: The cell promotes industry-institute interaction, organizes industrial
training and projects from the industry. The cell provides the training to develop personality and
communicative skills among students.
Co-curricular and extracurricular activities: The institute has Chapters of Indian society for
technical education (ISTE), MSDN academic alliance and Computer Society of India (CSI) to help
in all-round development of students, along with other co-curricular activities such as E-Campus,
Yoga Club, Adventure Club, National Service Scheme, Cultural Activities and Movie Club.
Transport facility: The Institution is well connected to different parts of the city by its own
buses.
Hostel & Canteen: The Institute has separate hostel facilities for strength of 800 boys and 300
girls. The hostels have excellent boarding facilities on expenditure sharing basis. Utmost care is
taken to provide hygienic delicious food and water. Strict discipline is maintained in the hostel.
Each hostel is managed by a teacher-warden. The hostels have round the clock generator facility.
A canteen is situated in the premises of the Institution
Sports: The Institution provides an ample opportunity for the students to take part in all indoor
and outdoor sports activities. The Institution has facilities for playing Volley Ball, Basket Ball, Foot
Ball, Hockey, Hand Ball, Ball badminton, Cricket etc. Inter-College tournaments, Inter-Branch
matches and athletic meet are some of the regular activities in the Sports section.

Dr. M. A. Venkatesh
Principal, SIET, Tumkur
33
rd
Series : SPP : KSCST : 2009-10 18
KARNATAKA STATE COUNCIL FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (KSCST), BANGALORE
and
SHRIDEVI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (SIET), TUMKUR

33
rd
Series - Seminar and Exhibition of Student Project Programme
6
th
and 7
th
August 2010

Date : 6th August 2010 Time : 10.00 AM
Venue : Seminar Hall 2, 2
nd
Floor, Mechanical Engineering Block, SIET, Tumkur

INAUGURAL FUNCTION

09.00 AM 10.00 AM Registration

10.00 AM 10.05 AM Invocation

10.05 AM 10.15 AM Welcome Address
Dr. M. A. Venkatesh

10.15 AM 10.25 AM Introductory Remarks
Secretary, KSCST, Bangalore

10.25 AM 10.55 AM Lighting the Lamp and Inaugural Address
Prof. K. J. Rao
Emeritus Professor and Ramanna Fellow
Indian Institute of Science

10.55 AM 11.10 AM Address by Guest of Honour &
Release of SPP Compendium
Dr. M. R. Hulinaykar MBBS., MS.
MLC, Karnataka and Managing Trustee, Sri Shridevi Charitable Trust (R)

11.10 AM 11.30 AM Presidential Remarks
Sri Anand Vasant Asnotikar
Honble Minister for Science and Technology and Fisheries
Government of Karnataka

11.30 AM 11.40 AM Vote of Thanks
Dr. M. Prithviraj
Executive Secretary, KSCST

12.00 Noon 01.15 PM Lecture - 1

01.15 PM - 02.15 PM Lunch
02.30 PM 05.30 PM Students Seminar and Projects Exhibition
33
rd
TECHNICAL SESSIONS
Friday, 6
th
AUGUST , 2010

12.00 Noon 1.15 PM LECTURE - 1
Topic : The Patent System of India
- By Sri S. T. Madhusudan
Senior Associate, K&S Partners
Intellectual Property Attorneys, Bangalore

nd

SEMINAR

SESSION 1:

Friday, AUGUST 6, 2010

Venue : HALL NO. 1
(Lecture Hall - 201, 2
nd
Floor, Mechanical Engineering Block, SIET, Tumkur)
Time : 02.30 PM 05.30 PM

Chairman : Dr. H. N. Chanakya,
Principal Research Scientist, Centre for Sustainable Technologies,
Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore

BIOTECHNOLOGY
Sl.
No.
PROJECT
REF. NO.
S1. 33S0976 SECONDARY METABOLITES OF ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI FROM MEDICINAL PLANTS: A NEW HOPE FOR
ANTITUMOR PROPERTY
S2. 33S0045 INVITRO ANTI-CANCER ACTIVITY OF SELECTED HERBAL EXTRACTS
S3. 33S0293 A STUDY OF ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES OF NELUMBO NUCIFERA
RHIZOME/FLOWER ON HARMFUL BACTERIA AND BENEFICIAL GUT FLORA
S4. 33S0485 INVITRO ANTIFUNGAL BIOASSAY OF EUPHORBIA NERIIFOLIA ROOT EXTRACTS ON STEM BLEEDING
DISEASE OF COCONUT
33
rd
S5. 33S0481 MICROWAVE ASSISTED EXTRACTION OF POLYPHENOLS FROM GREEN TEA
S6. 33S0426 DEVELOPMENT OF PURPLE TOMATO FRUIT FORTIFIED WITH ANTHOCYANINS BY TRANSGENIC
S7. 33S0425 STUDY OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF AMARANTHUS AND ITS APPLICATION I THE DEVELOPMENT
OF DRUGS FOR SOME COMMAN DISEASES
S8. 33S0381 AN INVESTIGATION INTO BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION FROM UNCONVENTIONAL BIORESOURCES
S9. 33S0388 REMOVAL OF HEAVY METALS BY SALVINIA MOLESTA FROM INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENT COUPLED WITH
BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION
S10. 33S0392 BIOHYDROGEN FUEL FROM CELLULOSE RICH COWDUNG ENRICHED BETEL NUT SHELLS

S11. 33S1084 AGROBACTERIUM TUMIFACIENS MEDIATED GENETIC TRANSFORMATION OF ARACHIS HYPOGAEA
(GROUNDNUT)
- R. V. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BANGALORE
S12. 33S0276 EVALUATION OF ANTIPROLIFERATIVE ACTIVITY OF PAVONIA ZEYLANICA CAV. ON MAMMARIAN
CANCER CELLS
S13. 33S0278 ISOLATION OF BIOACTIVE PRINCIPLE FROM NOTHOPODYTES NIMMONIANA, BLUME AND ITS
S14. 33S0672 ISOLATION AND CULTIVATION OF MICROALGAE IN VARIOUS BIOREACTORS FOR THE BI0-DISEL
PRODUCTION
S15. 33S0673 MOLECULAR AND POMOLOGICAL DIVERSITY IN POMEGRANATE (PUNICA GRANATUM L.) OF
BAGALKOT DISTRICT.

33
rd
SESSION 2:


Venue : HALL NO. 2
nd

Time : 02.30 PM 05.30 PM

Chairman : Dr. K. S. Nanjunda Rao
Principal Research Scientist, Department of Civil Engineering,
CIVIL ENGINEERING
S16. 33S0700 STUDIES ON QUALITY OF GROUNDWATER AND ITS GEOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT IN JAGALUR TALUK
OF DAVANAGERE DISTRICT
S17. 33S0781 STRENGTH AND ELASTICITY OF COMPOSITE MORTARS
BIJAPUR
S18. 33S0100 INTRODUCTION OF MODIFIED BINDERS IN STRUCTURAL BASE COURSE LAYERS
- DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KUMARASWAMY LAYOUT, BANGALORE
S19. 33S0529 SELF HEALING BIO-CONCRETE AND ELECTRIC CURING
S20. 33S1131 STATUS OF BIOMEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT IN SHIMOGA CITY
S21. 33S0742 ANN MODELLING FOR PREDICTION OF STRENGTH PARAMETERS OF STEEL FIBRE REINFORCED
HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE
- K.L.E SOCIETY'S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, UDYAMBAG, BELGAUM
S22. 33S0740 UTILIZATION OF INDUSTRIAL WASTES IN THE PRODUCTION OF BLENDED CONCRETE
S23. 33S0231 CONCRETE MIX DESIGN BY PACKING DENSITY METHOD
S24. 33S0789 PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF CEMENT & SAND BY FLY ASH & QUARRY DUST USING PARTICLE
PACKING THEORY
S25. 33S0905 ASSESSING THE STATUS OF ANCIENT KALYANIS FOR REJUVENATION IN TUMKUR DISTRICT USING
GEOSPATIAL TECHNOLOGIES
S26. 33S0666 GIS BASED RAINFALL AND RECHARGE STUDIES AND TIME SERIES ANALYSIS OF RAINFALL
S27. 33S0900 STUDIES ON FREE SWELL BEHAVIOUR OF MIXTURES OF CLAY MINERALS UNDER VARYING PORE
MEDIUM CHEMISTRY
S28. 33S1008 A STUDY ON FEASIBILITY OF DIVERSION OF NETHRAVATHI WATER BY PROVIDING GARLAND
CANALS
S29. 33S0328 QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE EVALUATION STUDY ON LEACHATE GENERATION AT MUNICIPAL
SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL SITE PUTTUR TOWN DAKSHINA KANNADA
- VIVEKANANDA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, PUTTUR, D. K.

33
rd
SESSION 3:


Venue : HALL NO. 3
nd

Time : 02.30 PM 05.30 PM

Chairman : Dr. S. Ramagopal,
Principal Research Scientist, Dept., of Instrumentation, IISc.

Co- Chairman : Dr. S. V. Gopalaiah
Principal Research Scientist
Dept., of Electrical & Cummunication Engineering, IISc.

S30. 33S0726 PHOTOSHOP FOR ANDROID SMART PHONES
- ACHARYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, BANGALORE
S31. 33S0803 IDENTIFICATION AND RECOGNITION OF JEWELRY OBJECTS FROM AN IMAGE
BIJAPUR
S32. 33S0169 HIGH SECURE MAILING SYSTEM
- CANARA ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BANTWAL TALUK, DAKSHINA KANNADA
S33. 33S0393 RETINAL AUTHENTICATION
S34. 33S0738 KANNADA CHARACTER RECOGNITION
- JSS ACADEMY OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION, BANGALORE
S35. 33S0787 UNICODE BASED PEOPLE SEARCH PORTAL USING INDIAN LANGUAGES
S36. 33S0689 ADBUSTER- A COMMUNITY BASED AD BLOCKING TOOL
S37. 33S1080 AN EFFICIENT SEARCHING STRATEGY FOR LARGE DATABASE OF KPTCL USING BITMAP INDEXING
S38. 33S0318 AUTOMATIC EXUDATES DETECTION FROM NON-DILATED DIABETIC RETINOPATHY
LAXMESHWAR
S39. 33S0762 SHORTEST PATH FINDER USING DISTANCE VECTOR ROUTING ALGORITHM IN ADHOC NETWORKS

33
rd
SESSION 4:


Venue : HALL NO. 4
(Drawing Hall, 2
nd

Time : 02.30 PM 05.30 PM

Chairman : Prof. B. S. Rajanikanth
Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science

Co-Chairman : Dr. Subba Reddy
Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science

ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
S40. 33S0377 REAL TIME VEHICLE TRACKING AND MONITORING SYSTEM USING GPS & GSM
S41. 33S0572 COST EFFECTIVE TRANSPORT BABY INCUBATOR FOR RURAL HEALTH CARE
S42. 33S0578 I-SERIES BLOOD BANK REFRIGERATOR
S43. 33S0086 A NOVEL PITCH PERIOD DETECTION ALGORITHM BASED ON HILBERT-HUANG TRANSFORM
S44. 33S0995 IDENTIFICATION OF DISEASES USING FEATURES OF LEAVES IN RUBBER AND/OR COFFEE
PLANTATION
- KVG COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, SULLIA
S45. 33S0984 KANNADA CHARACTER RECOGNITION - AMELIORATION FOR HANDWRITTEN TEXTS
S46. 33S0842 REAL TIME MULTIPURPOSE PUBLIC INFORMATION SYSTEM
S47. 33S0921 ONLINE LICENSE PLATE RECOGNITION SYSTEM

06.00 PM 07.30 PM Cultural Programme by students of SIET

NOTE: Projects selected for Exhibition: Students need to setup their
exhibits / working models well in time and be ready to
demonstrate at the Exhibition halls allocated each of the team.
The panel of judges will evaluate these projects from 2.30 PM.
On 6
th
August 2010.

33
rd
Saturday, 7th AUGUST, 2010

TECHNICAL SESSIONS

SESSION 5:

Saturday, AUGUST 7, 2010

Venue : HALL NO. 1
nd

Time : 09.30 AM 11.45 AM

Chairman : Dr. J. R. Mudakavi
Principal Research Scientist, Department of Chemical Engineering,

S48. 33S0007 STUDIES ON CONVERSION OF MUNICIPAL WASTES IN TO LIQUID FUELS
S49. 33S0441 SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND APPLICATION STUDIES OF ZINC-OXIDE NANO POWDER
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
S50. 33S1092 RECOVERY OF COPPER FROM ELECTROPLATING SLUDGE USING CEMENTATION METHOD
S51. 33S0367 TREATEMENT OF ORGANIC CONSTITUENTS AND NUTRIENTS OF DOMESTIC AND DAIRY EFFLUENT
USING SBBR TECHNIQUE
POLYMER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
S52. 33S0701 DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF DEGRADABLE LDPE BASED PACKAGING MATERIALS HAVING
MULTIFUNCTION PROPERTIESFOR FOOD CONTACT APPLICATIONS
S53. 33S1128 JATROPHA OIL CAKE INCORPORATED STYRENE BUTADIENE
RUBBER GREEN COMPOSITES

33
rd
SESSION 6 :


Venue : HALL NO. 2
nd
Time : 09.30 AM 11.45 AM

Chairman : Prof. Govardhan N. Raghuraman
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science

S54. 33S0138 EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS OF DRAG COEFFICIENTS OF SEMI CIRCULAR HOLLOW
BIJAPUR
S55. 33S1125 DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF THE METALLIC WING OF A TRANSPORT AIRCRAFT
- ISLAMIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, N. P. ROAD, BANGALORE
S56. 33S0282 MODIFICATION OF EVACUATED TUBE SOLAR COOKER
S57. 33S0368 MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION MAKING FOR MAINTENANCE OF INDUCTION FURNACE BY USING
ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS
S58. 33S0233 DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF WIND TUNNEL
S59. 33S0235 PREDICTION OF IMPACT FORCES ON A VEHICLE CHASSIS DUE TO ROAD IRREGULARITIES
S60. 33S0901 EFFECT OF CVD-GROWN AL2O3 COATINGS IN IMPROVING THE PERFORMANCE OF CEMENTED
CARBIDE CUTTING TOOLS INSERTS
- REVA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT, YELAHANKA, BANGALORE
S61. 33S0361 DESIGN OF BICYCLE CARRIAGE FOR NEWS PAPER DISTRIBUTORS
S62. 33S0681 FOLDABLE HELMET
- SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, TUMKUR
S63. 33S0262 FRICTION WELDING
S64. 33S0261 LINEAR AND NON-LINEAR MODELLING OF PRESSURE DIE CASTING PROCESS

33
rd
SESSION 7 :


Venue : HALL NO. 3
nd
Time : 9.30 AM 11.45 AM

Chairman : Dr. M. Krishna Kumar
Principal Research Scientist
Centre for Electronics Design & Technology, Indian Institute of Science

Co-Chairman : Dr. P. Siva Subba Rao
Scientist, National Aerospace Laboratories (NAL), Bangalore

ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
S65. 33S0826 REAL TIME AUTOMATED LOAD SHEDDING FOR POWER LINES
S66. 33S1041 ENERGY AUDIT: DEMAND SIDE MANAGEMENT OF A.I.T. CAMPUS
S67. 33S1046 STUDY OF ENERGY CONSERVATION OF AIT CAMPUS BY ENERGY AUDIT
S68. 33S0174 DESIGN, MODELING & ANALYSIS OF THYRISTOR CONTROLLED IMPEDANCE TYPE FACTS CONTROLLER
- CANARA ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BENJANAPADAVU, DAKSHINA KANNADA
S69. 33S0904 ELECTRIC FIELD ANALYSIS OF HIGH VOLTAGE PORCELAIN INSULATORS
S70. 33S0415 LUMASS (LOCALIZED UNMANNED AERIAL SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM)
S71. 33S0780 INTELLIGENT ARGICULTURAL SYSTEM WITH WEATHER MONITORING
S72. 33S0907 LABVIEW BASED AUTOMATED SHOOTING EQUIPMENT
S73. 33S0716 RATION SHOP AUTOMATION USING RFID

12 Noon 01.00 PM LECTURE 2
Topic : 'Wildlife Conservation; Role of Individuals'
- By Dr. Sanjay Gubbi, Scientist, Wild Life Conservation of India
nd
Floor, Mechanical Engineering Block, SIET,Tumkur

01.00 PM 02.00 PM Lunch Break

2.00 PM 3.00 PM Visit to Exhibition

03.30 PM 05.00 PM VALEDICTORY FUNCTION
33
rd
and

Seminar and Exhibition of Student Project Programme 33
rd
Series
6
th
and 7
th
August 2010

NOTE: Projects selected for Exhibition: Students need to setup their exhibits
/ working models well in time and be ready to demonstrate at the
Exhibition halls allocated each of the team. The panel of judges will
evaluate these projects from 2.30 PM on 6
th
August 2010

EXHIBITION PROJECTS

Sl.
No.
PROJECT
REF. NO.
E1. 33S0412 BOMB DETECTING VEHICLE
- S.J.P.N. TRUST'S POLYTECHNIC, NIDASOSHI, BELGAUM
E2. 33S0870 GYRO-MOUSE FOR THE DISABLED
CIVIL ENGINEERING
E3. 33S0273 STUDY ON BEHAVIOUR OF BENDABLE CONCRETE
E4. 33S0920 DEFLORIDATION OF DRINKING WATER USING INEXPENSIVE ACTIVATED CARBONS AS ADSORBENTS
- ANJUMAN ENGINEERING COLLEGE (FOR MEN), BHATKAL
E5. 33S0615 EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON HIGH VOLUME FLY ASH CONCRETE BUILDING BLOCKS (SOLID AND
HOLLOW) AND MASONRY
E6. 33S1031 GEOPOLYMER BRICKS BY USING NATURAL SAND AND LATERITIC SOIL
E7. 33S0170 VIDEO STREAMING USING CELL PHONE WITH SECURITY
KANNADA
E8. 33S1026 A REMOTE MONITORING SYSTEM TO IMPROVE EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES OF VISUALLY IMPAIRED
E9. 33S1019 LICENSE PLATE RECOGNITION USING C#
- KNS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, TIRUMENHALLI, BANGALORE
33
rd
E10. 33S0927 OBJECT LOCATING AND SURFACE RECOGNIZING ROBOTIC ARM
E11. 33S0152 DESKTOP E-MAIL ALERT USING POP3
E12. 33S0945 LIBRARY MANAGEMENT USING RFID
E13. 33S0631 WIKIPEDIA
E14. 33S0745 COMPUTER RECOGNITION FOR HANDWRITTEN ENGLISH AND KANNADA CHARACTERS
- RTE SOCIETY'S RURAL ENGINEERING COLLEGE, HULKOTI, GADAG
E15. 33S0827 IMPLEMENTATION OF INTELLIGENT DIGITAL ENERGY METER
E16. 33S0400 MICROCONTROLLER BASED PARTIAL LOADED INDUCTION MOTOR SCHEME
E17. 33S0859 A NOVEL MODEL FOR MOULDING PROCESS IN FOUNDRY USING CAPACITIVE PROXIMITY SENSOR
E18. 33S0785 SOLAR POWERED BICYCLE - SURYAASHWA
E19. 33S0784 AUTOMATIC FEEDING AND TEMPERATURE CONTROL IN POULTRY
E20. 33S0417 GLUCK MASCOTT EN FISICAS (VEHICLE FOR PHYSICALLY CHALLENGED)
E21. 33S0343 AUTOMATIC CONTROL OF WATER SUPPLY AND STREET LIGHTING CONTROL USING PLC
E22. 33S0347 EMBEDDED BASED AUTOMATION OF SUBSTATION USING GSM BASED TECHNOLOGY.
E23. 33S0160 POWER GENERATION BY SEWAGE WATER USING MICROBES
E24. 33S0001 AN EYE FOR THE BLIND
E25. 33S0616 R.F BASED SPEECH CONTROL ROBOT
E26. 33S1018 PORTABLE BOOK READER : AN AID FOR VISUALLY CHALLENGED
- BANGALORE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, BANGALORE
E27. 33S0792 APPLICATION OF ZIGBEE FOR POLLUTION MONITORING BY AUTOMOBILES
BIJAPUR
E28. 33S0270 AUTOMATIC CONTROL AND COLLISION AVOIDANCE IN BRT (BUS RAPID TRANSIT) SYSTEM
- BTL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT, HOSUR ROAD, BANGALORE
33
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E29. 33S0162 HARMFUL GAS AND HUMIDITY SENSOR WITH WIRELESS (XBEE) TRANSMISSION AND RECEPTION
ENABLED SMART INDUSTRIAL PLANT WITH IVRS
KANNADA
E30. 33S0156 BEVERAGE VENDING MACHINE
E31. 33S0158 DEVELOPMENT OF PROTOTYPE MICROSYRINGE INFUSION PUMP
E32. 33S0153 WIRELESS INTELLIGENT SENSOR NETWORK BASED SMART BUILDING FOR GREEN ENVIRONMENT
AND SECURITY
- CMR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, ITPL, BANGALORE
E33. 33S0570 INTEGRATED EMBEDDED BIOMEDICAL WEARABLE VEST FOR REMOTE MONITORING OF
PHYSIOLOGICAL SIGNALS WITH DISTRESS ALARM AND GSM TECHNIQUE WITH VB
E34. 33S0848 PICK AND PLACE ROBOTIC HAND WITH OBJECT SENSING SYSTEM
E35. 33S0846 VEHICLE ANTI-COLLISION USING ULTRASONIC SIGNALS
E36. 33S0432 AIR POLLUTION DETECTION AND TRAFFIC DENSITY ANALYZER BY WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY
E37. 33S0433 CONVERSION OF EYE LID MOVEMENTS INTO AUDIO SIGNALS TO CONVEY THE FEELINGS OF A
PARTIALLY PARALYTIC PATIENT
E38. 33S0836 NECK MOVEMENT OPERATED WHEEL CHAIR FOR QUADRIPLEGIA
E39. 33S0085 SUMMING AND PRINTING ELECTRONIC WEIGHING MACHINE
E40. 33S0684 MASTER SLAVE ROBOTIC ARM USING MICROCONTROLLERS
E41. 33S0949 POWER LED STREET LIGHT SYSTEM
- KLS VISHWANATHRAO DESHPANDE RURAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, HALIYAL
E42. 33S0483 SARATHI THE BATTLEBOT
E43. 33S0585 AUTOMATIC METER READING
E44. 33S0594 EXAMINATION QUESTION PAPER LEAKAGE PROTECTION MECHANISM
E45. 33S0567 THE GHOST WRITER
E46. 33S0520 PC CONTROLLED LAND ROVER
E47. 33S0941 GENERATION OF POWER USING DIFFERENT NATURAL RESOURCES AND ITS APPLICATION USING
MICROCONTROLLER
33
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E48. 33S0503 REMOTE MONITORING AND CONTROLLING OF STREET LIGHTS USING GMS MOBILE
E49. 33S0887 A ROBOTIC BASED GREENHOUSE PARAMETER MONITORING AND CONTROL SYSTEM USING
ZIGBEE
E50. 33S1081 SMART LIBRARY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM USING RF
E51. 33S0266 CONCEPT OF MODULAR FIXTURE, DESIGN AND FABRICATION
E52. 33S0114 MULTI-LINGUAL BRAILLE MACHINE
E53. 33S0125 SMART WINDOWS
E54. 33S0027 VOICE ENABLED WEB BROWSER
E55. 33S0286 CONSISTENCY MAINTENANCE IN REAL TIME GROUP EDITORS
E56. 33S0315 TEXT EXTRACTION FROM NATURAL SCENE IMAGES
LAXMESHWAR
E57. 33S0656 I-TOYZ TALK TO ME.. SPEECH RECOGNITION USING RSC-4128 DEMO / EVAL TOOL KIT
E58. 33S0018 DIVINE DEVICE FOR VISUALLY IMPAIRED FOR NAVIGATING EVERYWHERE
E59. 33S0724 INTELLIGENT STREET LIGHTS USING LIGHT INTENSITY SENSOR
- DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KUMARASWAMY LAYOUT, BANGALORE
E60. 33S0866 MULTIPURPOSE WHEEL CHAIR FOR HIGHLY PHYSICALLY DISABLED PEOPLE
E61. 33S0644 POWER GENERATION BY NON-CONVENTIONAL METHOD
E62. 33S0756 GSM BASED BORDER SECURITY SYSTEM USING WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS
E63. 33S0501 MICROCONTROLLER BASED PROCESS MONITORING AND SAFETY SYSTEM WITH CLOSED LOOP
SYSTEM
E64. 33S0497 A REMOTE MONITORING SYSTEM TO IMPROVE EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES OF VISUALLY IMPAIRED
STUDENTS
33
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E65. 33S0145 DESIGN, FABRICATION AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF AN AUTOMATIC SHOWER BATH
SYSTEM
BIJAPUR
E66. 33S1013 DRY CHILLI DE-SEEDING UNIT
E67. 33S1054 IMPROVEMENT IN THE DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF LOW COST FILAMENT WINDING MACHINE
E68. 33S0234 ATV (ALL TERRAIN VEHICLE), INCORPORATED WITH TRACTOR MECHANISM.
E69. 33S0469 ROSE DELEAFING MACHINE
- MARATHA MANDALS ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BELGAUM
E70. 33S0518 LOW COST NOODLE EXTRUSION MACHINE
E71. 33S0378 AUTOMATIC FERROUS POWDER SEPARATOR
E72. 33S0274 PEDAL OPERATED POWER GENERATOR
E73. 33S1094 SOLAR OPERATED CUTTING MACHINE WITH SAFETY DEVICE
E74. 33S1095 VERTICAL AXIS WIND TURBINE
E75. 33S0668 ANTI TOPPLE MECHANISM FOR TWO WHEELERS
E76. 33S0288 TAMARIND SEED SEPERATOR
E77. 33S0967 DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF 2 IN 1STOVE
SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, TUMKUR
E78. 33S0961 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER
E79. 33S0094 DIGITAL ENERGY METER

* ~ * ~ *
33
rd
and

33
rd
Series - Seminar and Exhibition of Student Project Programme
6
th
and 7
th
August 2010

Date : Saturday, 7th August 2010 Time: 3.30 PM
nd

VALEDICTORY FUNCTION

03.30 PM 03.35 PM Invocation

03.35 PM 03.40 PM Welcome Address
Dr. M. A. Venkatesh

03.40 PM 03.50 PM Address by
Dr. M. Prithviraj
Executive Secretary, KSCST, Bangalore

03.50 PM 04.05 PM Chief Guest
Dr. G. J. Samathanam
Scientist G and Head (TDT)
Department of Science and Technology, Government of India, New Delhi

04.05 PM 04.15 PM Guest of Honour
Dr. M. R. Hulinaykar MBBS., MS.
MLC, Karnataka and Managing Trustee, Sri Shridevi Charitable Trust (R)

04.15 PM 04.25 PM Presidential Remarks
Secretary, KSCST, Bangalore

04.25 PM 04.35 PM Response of Principals of participating Colleges

04.35 PM 04.55 PM Presentation of Awards

04.55 PM 05.00 PM Vote of Thanks
Dr. S. G. Sreekanteswara Swamy
Fellow, KSCST, Bangalore

* ~ * ~ *
33
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SEMINAR PROJECTS

BIOTECHNOLOGY
1. SECONDARY METABOLITES OF
ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI FROM
MEDICINAL PLANTS: A NEW HOPE
FOR ANTITUMOR PROPERTY

COLLEGE : B. V. BHOOMARADDI COLLEGE OF
ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, HUBLI
GUIDE : MRS. SAVITHA S. DESAI
STUDENTS : KIRTI PHADKE
RITA METRANI
SONAM VANTAMURI
VARUNI GINIGERI

Introduction
Endophytic fungi that live inside the tissues of living
plants are under- explored group of microorganisms.
The relationship that they establish with the plant
varies from symbiotic to bordering on pathogenic.
They are synergistic to their hosts and at least some
of them are thought to be useful to the plant by
producing special substances, such as secondary
metabolites, that prevent the host from being
attacked successfully by fungi and pests. The
potential prospects of finding new drugs that may be
effective candidates for treating newly developing
diseases in humans, plants, and animals are great.
The purpose of the present study was to extract,
explore and characterize natural products produced
by the endophytic fungus Pencillium, Aspergillus sp.
isolated from Calotropis procera, Calotropis gigantea
and Tinospora cordifolia growing wildly, and to
evaluate their cytotoxic activity.
Calotropis is primarily harvested owing to its
distinctive medicinal properties. It is commonly
referred to as ark, swallow-wart or milkweed. The ark
plant with white flowers is a superior variety and is
referred to as Calotropis gigantae whilst the one with
lavender color flowers is referred to as Calotropis
procera. Its milky latex is rich in lupeol, calotropin,
calatoxin and uscharin.

Objectives
Collection of medicinal plants from known
sources.
Isolation of endophytic fungi from the collected
medicinal plants.
Microscopy studies.
Shake flask studies for testing the production of
secondary metabolites.
Anti-microbial tests.
Phytochemical screening of endophytic fungi.
Extraction of secondary metabolites.
Anti-tumor properties- Tests on cancer cell lines.
Methodology
To accomplish the objectives, the following methods
are undertaken:
1. Collection of medicinal plants: Various
medicinal plants having anti-tumor properties
such as Calotropis procera and Tinospora
cordifolia from various locations were collected.
2. Isolation of endophytic fungi: Isolation of
endophytic fungi was carried out according to the
method described by Prtrini etal (1986).
3. Microscopy: fungal identification methods were
based on the morphology of the fungal culture,
characteristics of spores with the help of
microscopic studies with magnification of 40X.
4. Shake flask studies: The fungal endophytes
were cultivated in potato dextrose yeast broth by
placing actively growing pure culture containing
medium followed by incubation at 27 C for 3
weeks with periodical shaking at 140 rpm.
5. Anti-bacterial tests: Whatman discs were
dipped in supernatant of endophytic fungal
extract and DMSO and placed on hinton muller
agar previously spread with test strains(Kirby-
Bauer test).
6. Anti-fungal tests: Sterile cork borer was used to
bore holes in the sabouraud dextrose agar
plates, after which microlitre of broth were
introduced aseptically into the wells seeded with
the test organisms.
7. Phytochemical screening of endophytic
fungi: The various extracts were analysed for
the presence of reducing sugars,
anthraquinones, flavonoids, saponins, tannins,
alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, steroids.
8. Extraction of secondary metabolites:
Extraction was done using solvent extraction
method. The solvent used was ethlyacetate and
the resultant dried compound was stored in
DMSO.

9. Anti-tumor properties-tests on cancer cell
lines: The extracts were tested on cell lines in
Tata Memorial Centre, ACTREC, Mumbai
33
rd
Results and Conclusions
A total of 48 isolates were obtained from these
medicinal plants, 15 from Calotropis procera, 17
from Calotropis gigantea and 16 from Tinospora
cordifolia.
Most isolates were species of Aspergillus and
Pencillium.
Various tests such as anti-bacterial and anti-
fungal were carried out.
Among these, 16 were observed to have anti-
bacterial activity and 9 to have anti-fungal activity
against the test organisms.
The test organisms used were E.coli, B.subtilis,
P.aerogenosa, S.aureus for anti-bacterial tests.
Among the tests carried out, 12 crude fungal
extracts showed potent activity against E.coli
strain, 11 for S. aureus, 13 for P. aerogenosa
and 10 for B. subtilis.
The test organisms used for anti-fungal activity
were A. niger, A. fumigatus and C. albicans.
Among various crude fungal extracts, 4 showed
potent activity against A.niger and 5 for A.
fumigatus.
Phytochemical screening viz. reducing sugar
test, cardiac glycoside test, saponins test, tannin
test, Flavonoid test, alkaloid test, steroid test,
anti-oxidant test and total phenol content were
tested for the plant extracts. Most of the extracts
showed positive results.
Anti- oxidant tests were carried out for fungal
extracts. 14 out 0f 18 samples showed anti-
oxidant activity.
Extraction of secondary metabolites was done
using solvent extraction method.
Extracted metabolites were tested on cancer cell
lines SiHa for colon cancer and MCF7 for breast
cancer.
Scope for Future Work
Thin layer chromatography to check the
presence of required secondary metabolite.
The purification of the fungal extracts can be
done by high performance liquid
chromatography.
Large scale production of fungal broth using
fermentation process.
Gene responsible for production of secondary
metabolite can be isolated followed by cloning of
this gene using a vector into a host organism.
The search for novel habitats from which isolates
for screening may be derived is becoming a
significant concern for the pharmaceutical and
agricultural industries.
2. INVITRO ANTI-CANCER ACTIVITY OF
SELECTED HERBAL EXTRACTS

COLLEGE : BAPUJI INSTITUTE OF ENGG., &
TECHNOLOGY, DAVANGERE
GUIDE : MANJUNATH .N.S
PRAVEEN KUMAR .D.G
DR.B.E.RANGASWAMY
STUDENTS : PALLAVI G. S.
NAMRATA PAI
Introduction
Camptothecin, a monoterpene indole alkaloid, is
regarded as one of the most promising anticancer
drugs of the twenty-first century. Among the various
plant sources, the highest yields of the alkaloid are
reported from Nothapodytes nimmoniana
(Icacinaceae), a small tree distributed in the Indian
subcontinent. Because of the enormous demand for
the chemical worldwide, there has been an
indiscriminate extraction of the trees from many parts
of India, especially from the Western Ghats, a mega-
diversity forest range along the western coast of
India. Recently the tree has been assigned a
vulnerable status. In an effort to conserve the
remaining populations of the species and to identify
high-yielding sources of the alkaloid, attempts are
being initiated in chemically profiling the species.
Individual trees with as high as 100 per cent greater
camptothecin content than hitherto reported have
been found. The study indicates the potentiality of
further screening populations of N. nimmoniana to
identify high-yielding sources that can be used for
developing in vitro production systems or for
establishing high-yielding clonal populations.
Objectives
Selection of plants for anti -cancer activity
Solvent extraction of active compounds from the
selected plants
Chemical analysis and isolation of active
ingredients by HPLC
To test for anti cancer activity by using human
colorectal cancer cell lines (Calu-6)
To test for Cytotoxicity (MTT method).
Methodology
a) Materials Required
Plant: Nothapodytes nimmoniana
Parts used - Root, Stem, Leaves and Bark
Collection of plant material: The collection of
plant material was done from the Western Ghats
in Sirsi, Karnataka India, during the months of
January 2010. The plant material was collected
in the form of leaves, stem, bark, and root (both
mature and immature condition). Collected plant
33
rd
materials of N. nimmoniana were used for the
extraction of Camptothecin.
Water bath
Calu-6 Cancer cell lines
High Performance Liquid Chromatography
(HPLC)
Std Camptothecin (CPT) from Sigma Aldrich
Solvents used: Ethanol, Methanol, Acetone
Micro titre plate (96 wells)
Nothapodytes nimmoniana (Root, Stem, Leaves,
Bark)
Glass ware- pipette, conical flasks, beakers etc.
b) Procedure followed for extraction:
Dry sample of N. nimmoniana plant which was
finely ground was taken
Using a digital weighing balance 1gm each of the
sample was taken and added to three 25ml
volumetric flasks
Flasks were placed in a rotary shaker for a
period of three hours at 60c
To each of the flask 10ml of Ethanol, Methanol
and Acetone was added
After cooling to room temperature, centrifugation
is done at 10,000 rpm for 10 min at 10c
The HPLC analysis showed that the amount of
Camptothecin was maximum in the stem extract. The
bioassay studies were carried out using 96 well
plates. The different solvent extracts were used
namely Methanol, Ethanol and Acetone. It was
observed that the percentage viability for the calu-6
Cancer cell lines for Methanol extract at the
concentration ie. 100g/ml was 1.83%.
Nothapodytes nimmoniana, is a small tree
distributed in the Western Ghats of south India.
Since there is no synthetic source of this alkaloid
and with an increasing global demand there has
been a heavy dependence on naturally existing
populations of N.nimmoniana. Only partial
studies have been done on this plant. However,
the effect of this herb on colorectal cancer cells
has not been evaluated.
Extraction was carried out using different
solvents (Methanol, Ethanol and Acetone)
followed by studies which were carried out on
analysis of secondary metabolites by RP-HPLC
from different parts of Nothpodytes
nimmoniana, an endangered medicinal plant.
HPLC analysis showed the presence of
Camptothecin, a medicinally important alkaloid
from N. nimmoniana. The plant parts used for
the analysis included leaves, bark, stem, and
root. Among all the plant parts used, stem
recorded maximum Camptothecin content.
Leaves recorded least Camptothecin content.
The effect of this herb on colorectal cancer cells
was evaluated. The proliferative effect on calu-6
human colorectal cancer cells were evaluated
using in particular the stem region of
N.nimmoniana.
The cytotoxicity study was carried out using cell
titer 96 non-radioactive cell proliferation
assay to evaluate the effect on cancer cells.
The present study was aimed to determine the
concentrations of medicinally important alkaloid
Camptothecin in various parts of N. nimmoniana
collected from WesternGhats.
Scope for Further Studies
Cytotoxicity studies can be conducted on different
cells on lines for different types of cancer followed by
FACS (Fluroscent Associated Cell Sorter) in order to
get a better picture about the effect of Camptothecin
on Cancer cells.
3. A STUDY OF ANTIOXIDANT AND
ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES OF
NELUMBO NUCIFERA
RHIZOME/FLOWER ON HARMFUL
BACTERIA AND BENEFICIAL GUT
FLORA

COLLEGE : BMS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING,
BANGALORE
GUIDE : DR. M. RAJYALAKSHMI
STUDENTS : PRAJNA S. SHETTY
SREE POORNIMA. R
SHRUTHI. D
SOUMINI. V
Introduction
Elumbo nucifera (Lotus) is an aquatic plant belonging
to the family Nymphaceae. The roots, rhizome,
seeds which are edible have been reported to have
various nutritional and medicinal properties. The
whole plant can serve as an astringent, emollient,
diuretic and sudorific and possesses antifungal,
antipyretic and cardiotonic. The stamens assist
consolidation of kidney function and are particularly
useful in the treatment of male sexual disorders and
female leucorrhea. Pounded petals are used for
syphilis, and the flower stalk combined with other
herbs is used to treat uterus bleeding. Antioxidants
are necessary for fighting against various
degenerative disorders as well as controlling free
radical reactions.
33
rd
Objectives
To investigate the antimicrobial activity of
Nelumbo nucifera using agar diffusion
susceptibility test and microbial dilution methods.
To determine the effect of the plant extracts on
both beneficial gut flora and harmful bacteria
namely Bacilius subtilis, Escherichia coli,
Pseudomonas aerogenosa, Staphylococcus
aureus, Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella pneumonia
and Lactobacillus acidophilus. And to investigate
the effects of the extracts on fungal species like
Aspergillus niger and Penicillium notatum since
they are found in minimal populations in the gut.
Also, to test the effects of these extracts on plant
pathogenic fungus namely Trichoderma
harzianum and Ceracystis paradoxa.
To determine the amounts of phenolic and
flavanoid compounds in the lotus extracts which
are excellent anti-oxidants.
Methodology
The collected lotus plants were washed, dried and
separated into petals, stamens and stalks; which
were dried in a normal room temperature and
powdered. Aqueous and Methanol extracts were
prepared. For extract preparation, lotus powder was
dissolved in the respective solvent, filtered using
Whatmann paper discs and 0.22 membrane filters
to obtain a clear extract.

Bacterial cultures used were Pseudomonas
aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Salmonella typhi strains
A & B, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus
aureus, Escherichia coli and Lactobacillus
acidophilus. Various fungi cultures were also tested
included common gut fungi such as Aspergillus niger,
Penicillium notatum, Trichoderma harzianum and
Ceratocystis paradoxa. The following tests were
conducted at laboratory level.
Antibiotic susceptibility test
Determination of antioxidant properties
Determination of total phenolic content:
Determination of flavanoid components:
Results & Conclusions
Anti-microbial properties
The extracts had maximum effect on E. coli followed
by B. subtilis and S. typhi strains. Methanol had
substantial effects against all species; the most
significant observation made would be that of
aqueous stamen extracts whose effects were greater
than the aqueous petal extracts. The lotus extracts
had lesser effect on fungus than the bacterial strains.
The MIC and MBC values of methanol extracts of
petals were more than that of stamens. The values
were about 10-30 g/ml for the bacterial species. The
values of MBC were comparatively more in the case
of petals as they ranged from 20-40 g/ml for the
same species of bacteria. The gram positive bacterial
species (S. aureus, B. subtilis and L. acidophilus)
showed lower values with both stamen and petal
extracts when compared to the rest of the species.
Gut fungi Aspergillus niger and Penicillium notatum
showed very little growth in presence of extracts.
Enhanced growth was observed in the case of
Trichoderma harzianum and Ceratocystis paradoxa.
Antioxidant properties
The amount of phenol and flavinoids was determined
by using the calibration curve drawn by using gallic
acid and quercetin as standards respectively. The
amount of phenols in aqueous extract of petals was
90 mg/l, aqueous extract of stamens 100 mg/l and
methanol extract of petals 75 mg/l. The amount of
flavinoids in aqueous extract of petals was 90 mg/l, in
aqueous extract of stamens 95mg/l and methanol
extract of petals 115 mg/l.
Antimicrobial studies can be carried out on
various other infectious species including
protozoans and effects on probiotics with extracts
of root, rhizome and pollen can also be studied.
The determination of flocculation efficiency using
these extracts in waste water purification can be
carried out. Also, the protein responsible for the
flocculation can be extracted and its
characterization can be done.
In vivo studies to test the antioxidant properties of
lotus can be conducted. The activities of various
enzymes in live animal models can be performed.
Exposure to oxygen and sunlight are the two main
factors in the oxidation of food. And antioxidants
are known to be used as food additives to help
guard against food deterioration. Hence, the use
of lotus extracts as food additives can be studied.
4. INVITRO ANTIFUNGAL BIOASSAY
OF EUPHORBIA NERIIFOLIA ROOT
EXTRACTS ON STEM BLEEDING
DISEASE OF COCONUT

COLLEGE : B.M.S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING,
BANGALORE
GUIDE : MR. CHANDRA PRASAD M.S
DR. ARCHNA
STUDENTS : NIKHIL K.L
PRADEEP .V
NAYAN MANOHAR C.K
Introduction
Stem bleeding is known to occur in all coconut
growing regions in the tropics..In the early stages,
33
rd
there is not much yield loss, however, in the later
stages, there is a steady decline in the yield causing
considerable amount of loss and in the advanced
stages even leads to death of the palm. Even though
critical evaluation of the extent of disease has not
been studied in India, other major coconut cultivating
countries have lost up to 50 percent of total coconut
population due to the disease.
In India, trees showing the above mentioned
symptoms were proven to be attacked by
Thielaviopsis paradoxa. Euphorbia neriifolia,
belonging to the family, Euphorbiaceae, is found
throughout the Deccan Peninsula In this study we
aim to analyze the antifungal activity of crude
extracts from Euphorbia neriifolia against
Thielaviopsis paradoxa.
Objective
To analyze the antifungal activity of crude extracts
from Euphorbia neriifolia against Thielaviopsis
paradoxa (anamorph: Ceratocystis paradoxa) which
causes stem bleeding disease in coconut palms and
to assay the extracts of Euphorbia neriifolia for its
antifungal activity and isolate the compounds through
bioautography studies.
Methodology
Our Study Involves following activities:
a) Isolation of fungi: Initially, isolation of the
causative organism from the infected parts of the
diseased coconut tree was carried out.
b) Pathogenicity tests: The isolates were tested for
pathogenicity in the laboratory using detached leaves
and stem portions from healthy coconut tree.
c) Choice of Plant material: Different parts of the
plant were used to study the antifungal activity and
this also included liquid media used to grow
Euphorbia neriifolia in lab, root powder, aqueous and
methanol extract of leaf, stem and roots of the plant
and were prepared by standard extraction protocols.
d) Antifungal assay: The main techniques used for
assay include Agar Well Diffusion Method and Food
Poison Technique. Initial inhibition tests were
performed as per standard protocols to confirm the
antifungal activity of the extracts followed by
minimum inhibition concentration studies in which the
extracts were mixed with growth media at different
concentrations and inhibition at lowest possible
concentration was noted.
e) Allelopathy studies: Allelopathic effects of
aqueous root extracts on germination of common
cereals were studied by following standard protocols
The test samples used include green gram, Bengal
gram, lemon, tomato, lemon, and black sesame
seeds.
f) Thin layer chromatography: To perform
bioautography for identification of the bioactive
compounds, the aqueous root extracts and methanol
root extracts were subjected to thin layer
chromatography on fluorescent silica gel plate using
different solvent systems.
Results and Conclusions:
a) Isolation of fungi: Since the desirable fungi could
not be isolated, the culture was later procured from
Microbial Type Culture Collection (MTCC, Institute of
Microbial Technology, and Chandigarh).
b) Pathogenicity tests: The pathogenicity of the
organism was confirmed by was observing growth of
fungi occupying the entire stem portion in test
samples while the control did not show any growth.

Test Control
c) Antifungal assay: The liquid media used to grow
plan in the lab did not show any inhibition against the
growth of fungi.The leaf extracts failed to show any
33
rd
inhibitory activity while media containing root powder,
showed considerable growth regulation to the
organism.
d) Allelopathy studies: The aqueous root extracts
did not show any considerable effects on germination
of all the test samples used thus indicating that the
root extracts do not exhibit any allelopathic effects on
common cereals grown in the vicinity of the coconut
trees.
Thin layer chromatography: Even after multiple
repetitions in different solvent systems, clear bands
were not observed in most of the solvent systems but
consistent unclear bands were observed in all the
runs using chloroform: ethyl acetate water butunol
and water combination (at varied ratios)
Scope for Further Studies
Further studies on isolation and identification of
bioactive compounds responsible for the antifungal
activity needs to be carried out through
bioautograghy and mass spectroscopy studies.
Material balance calculation can be carried out to
determine the yield of bioactive compound per plant.
5. MICROWAVE ASSISTED
EXTRACTION OF POLYPHENOLS
FROM GREEN TEA

COLLEGE : M.S.RAMAIAH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,
BANGALORE
GUIDE : MR. LOKESH K.N
DR. ARCHNA
STUDENTS : ASHA.R
DIVYA D.C
HAJIRA BANU
SPARSH SITANI
Introduction
There are three basic types of regular tea (Camellia
sinensis); green, black, and oolong. All three types of
tea come from the same tea plant; the differences in
the teas are a result of processing methods.
The polyphenols found in tea suppress the growth of
harmful bacteria, while promoting beneficial bacteria
in the gut. The flavor of tea is also influenced
by tea polyphenols. Tannins, found in high
concentrations in black tea and lower concentrations
in green and white tea, lend tea its distinctive dark
color and bitter, sharp flavor. Other polyphenols can
also change the color of the tea, making it more
reddish or brown depending on how it is handled,
and the subtle and distinctive flavors of well-
processed teas are due in part to polyphenols.
Objectives
1. Estimation of polyphenols obtained from the
extraction of three different green tea samples
using MAE.
2. Optimization of MAE parameters with respect to
time, temperature, wattage.
3. Determination of antioxidant activity.
Methodology
1. Estimation of gallic acid: Three different
samples a) Awpon Dooars b) Darjeeling and c) Ooty
were collected from three geographical regions and
used for our experimentation. Absorbance was
measured for different concentration of Gallic acid
taken in the test tubes (s1-s6) at 280 nm using a
spectrophotometer.
2. Conventional method of extraction: In all the
tea samples the polyphenols were extracted by
conventional method Filtered extract was
centrifuged, n the supernatant liquid was decanted
and filtered using filtered extract The gallic acid
equivalent was estimated using the equation of
standard gallic acid curve Percentage polyphenols
were calculated by using the formula:
3. Microwave assisted extraction: Microwave
assisted extraction was the technique used for the
extraction of polyphenols from the various tea
samples. The technique was applied to extract
polyphenols from tea samples at varying wattage and
time. Using filtrent extracts at 280nm.The gallic acid
equivalent was estimated using the equation of
standard gallic acid curve Percentage polyphenols
were calculated by using the formula as stated
above.
y=0.0365x-0.037.
4. Estimation of Antioxidant activity: The
antioxidant activity was determined using ferric
chloride method, Absorbance obtained was taken as
equivalent to 100% reduction of all ferric ions.
The experiment was performed in triplicate.
Reduction was calculated
% Reduction = ((control-test)/ control)*100

The antioxidant activity was found to be dose
dependent i.e. as the concentration of polyphenol
increases the antioxidant activity also increases. It
was seen that the sample taken from Ooty ( ) was
found to give best results at 600W for 6mins.
Future Scope
Effect of various other components present in tea
on polyphenols extraction can be studied.
Effect of polyphenols and their antioxidant
activity for treatment of cancer, tooth decay and
various other ailments can be explored.
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rd
Effect of geographical location and the agricultural
practices on the amount of polyphenols extraction
can also be studied.
6. DEVELOPMENT OF PURPLE
TOMATO FRUIT FORTIFIED WITH
ANTHOCYANINS BY TRANSGENIC

COLLEGE : NAGARJUNA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &
TECHNOLOGY, BANGALORE
GUIDE : DR. NAGAMANI S. KHANDRE
STUDENTS : MAMATHA K. N.
PUSHKAR K. S.
SWASTHIK G.
VIDYASHREE M.

Introduction
Development of transgenic tomato by heterogeneous
expression of transcription factors involved in
flavonoid or anthocyanin biosynthesis. Its proven
that it is of therapeutic as well as procuring for
cardiovascular diseases and against certain cancers.
Objective
Cloning of transcription factors
Development of gene construct
Plant transformation (Tomato transformation and
Regeneration)
Screening and selection
Anthocyanins are naturally occurring polyphenols
present in many foods that are commonly
consumed as part of human diet.
Tomatoes are consumed in appreciable quantity
as fresh fruits as well as cooked, so tomato is an
excellent candidate for transgenic enhancement
and flavonoid content.
Tomato is easily amenable to transformation
protocols.
Anthocyanins offer protection against certain
cancers, cardiovascular diseases and age
related degenerative diseases.
The health promoting effects of anthycyanins
have most frequently been linked to their high
antioxidant activities.
Methodology
Cloning of transcription factors
Development of Gene construct
Plant transformation
Selection molecular and phenotypic screening

Result :
Developed transgenic plant with anti-oxidant rich
fruits property.
7. STUDY OF ANTIMICROBIAL
ACTIVITY OF AMARANTHUS AND ITS
APPLICATION IN THE
DEVELOPMENT OF DRUGS FOR
SOME COMMON DISEASES

COLLEGE : NAGARJUNA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND
TECHNOLOGY, BANGALORE.
GUIDE : DR. G.LOKESH
DR. Y. P. NAGARAJ
STUDENTS : AMITKUMAR KHAMITKAR

Introduction
The use of phytochemicals as natural antimicrobial
agents commonly called as biocides is gaining
popularity (Smid and Gorris, 1999). The main
advantage of natural agents is that they do not
enhance the antibiotic resistance a phenomenon
commonly encountered with the long term use of
synthetic antibiotics. Few phytochemicals are active
against wide variety of microorganisms to be
generally more resistant that gram positive and
negative bacteria. Gram negative bacteria were
shown to be generally more resistant than gram
positive.
Nowadays multiple drug resistance has developed
due to the indiscriminate use of commercial
antimicrobial drugs commonly used in the treatment
of infectious disease. In addition to this problem,
antibiotics are sometimes associated with adverse
effects on the host including hypersensitivity,
immune-suppression and allergic reactions. This
situation forced scientists to search for new
antimicrobial substances. Therefore, there is a need
to develop alternative antimicrobial drugs for the
treatment of infectious diseases from medicinal
plants.
Objectives
Collection and authentication of plant materials.
Extraction of plant material with methanol,
hexane, ethanol, chloroform, and water.
Preliminary phytochemical screening of extracts.
Antimicrobial activity study.
Comparision of Phytochemicals extracted from
different solvents.
Study of effect of solvents on microorganism.
Study of antioxidant activities.
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Study of antitumour activities.
Study of wound healing exploiting white rats.
Comparision of effect of extracted
phytochemicals (Antimicrobial agent) with
commercially available antibiotics.
Standardization of concentration of the extract for
preparation of drug formulation.
Methodology
Materials & Methods
Preliminary Phytochemical Analysis
1 Collection and authentication of plant material
2 Sampling of plant material
3 Collection of test organism and preparation of
stock culture
4 Preliminary phytochemical analysis
5 Soxhlet extraction
6 Preliminary phytochemical screening
Antimicrobial Activity (antibacterial and
antifungal activities)
1. Antimicrobial screening
2. Antimicrobial susceptibility test
3. Determination of zone of inhibition (ZOI)
4. Determination of minimum bactericidal and
fungicidal concentration (MBC)
Both crude methanolic and aqueous forms of the
extracts of Amaranthus exhibited varying degree of
antimicrobial activities against the test organisms. On
a general note, methanolic extracts exhibited higher
degree of antibacterial activities than the aqueous
extract, ethanol extract, and chloroform extract. At
62.5 mg/ml, crude ethanolic extract had higher
antibacterial activity with mean zones of inhibition 6
mm and than crude aqueous extract with mean
zones of inhibition 5.5 mm against E. coli, Bacillus
Subtilis, Klebsiella Pneumonia, Streptococcus and
Staph. aureus, respectively. Besides that, aqueous
extract had higher antibacterial activities [mean zone
of inhibition 4.41.0 mm than ethanolic extract
against streptococcus and K. pneumonia,
respectively. Fungal culture was prepared in a SDA
media to study the antifungal activity against
Aspergillus nizer, Rhizopus. By virtue of high activity
indices above unitary value even in crude forms, the
extracts have more promising therapeutic
advantages than the likes of streptomycin when
refined to produce antibiotics. The maximum
antibacterial activity was shown by A.viridis followed
by A.spinosus respectively.
The results of this study give some scientific
evidence to the uses of the medicinal plants
evaluated for the treatment of infectious diseases.
This finding justifies the traditional use of this plant,
Amaranthus for prophylactic and therapeutic
purposes. The findings could also be of commercial
interest to both pharmaceutical companies and
research institutes in the production of new drugs.
8. AN INVESTIGATION INTO
BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION FROM
UNCONVENTIONAL BIORESOURCES

COLLEGE : NMAM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, NITTE
GUIDE : DR. C. VAMAN RAO
STUDENTS : DEEPA SHENOY.
DEEKSHA J. S.
CHETAN P. NAYAK.
BIJU
Introduction
Cellulosic biomass is one of the rich resources
available in plenty and its environmental attributes
can augment ethanol production on a scale which will
have a major impact on fossil fuel (Yang and
Wyman, 2008).
Since agricultural waste biomass is available in
plenty and it is not presently used for any other
purpose, it becomes a potential source for
investigation of biofuel production. Moreover,
enzymatic method of biofuel production from
lignocellulosic waste biomass is presently not
economical (Lynd et al., 2005; Taherzadeh and
Karimi, 2007a; Chandel et al, 2007). Therefore, acid
digestion method used in the present investigation
bioethanol production from different sources of
agricultural waste like Borassus flabellifer fibers,
leaves of Jatropa curcas, banana peel, groundnut
shell, jackfruit seed, Collacasia tubers, fruit waste,
was investigated.
Objective
The objective of the present project is to produce
bioethanol from unconventional bioresources and to
give a comparative account of amount of bioethanol
produced from different un conventional
bioresources.
Materials and methods
All chemicals and reagents used in the present
investigation were procured from E. Merck, India
and were of analytical grade of 99.99 % purity.
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Chemical pretreatment for digestion of cellulosic
matter: 10 g of Borassus flabellifer fibers, leaves
of Jatropa curcas, banana peel, groundnut shell,
jackfruit seed, Collacasia tubers, fruit waste.
Filtration and neutralization
Estimation of total and reducing sugar
Estimation of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin
content
Fermentation: Fermentation of the neutralized
liquor was carried out using Chung and Lee,
Chen et al., method with minor modifications.
Estimation of alcohol in the fermented broth:By
titrimetric method.
Results and Conclusion
It was found that, in Borassus flabellifer fibers,
leaves of Jatropa curcas, banana peel,
groundnut shell, jackfruit seed, Collacasia tubers,
fruit waste and Dioscorea esculenta total sugar
content was varying from 0.88 to 3.69g/100ml of
hydrolyzate, reducing sugar content was varying
from 0.34 to 1.12g/g sugar and percentage of
alcohol was varying from 0.24 to 1.98%.
From this study it can be concluded that the
agricultural waste can be a potential source of
bioethanol.
The most significant aspect of the present
investigation is the process adopted does not
produce any harmful by-products, whereas all
the by-products generated in the process have
industrial applications. For example, the calcium
sulphate generated in the neutralization step, has
application in cement industry and the lignin
mass left over after the acid digestion will be of
use as bio-adsorption filters.
9. REMOVAL OF HEAVY METALS BY
SALVINIA MOLESTA FROM
INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENT COUPLED
WITH BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION

GUIDE : DR.UJWAL P
STUDENTS : AISHWARYA.M.SHETTY.
ANUSHA M.
HARSHITHA R.
POOJITHA P.S.
Introduction
Global industrialization is the main cause of pollution
of environment with persistent addition of organic
and inorganic wastes. Heavy metals like Cr, Cu, Mn,
Zn, As, Fe are released during industrial activity form
a major portion of the contaminants that accumulate
in water bodies. The present study was focused on
three metals i.e. Cr, Cu and Mn. The effects of these
heavy metals seen are Respiratory problems, Kidney
and liver damage, Lung cancer, injury to RBC and
lungs, irritation of the nose, headaches, vomiting and
diarrhea, birth defects, neurological symptoms etc.
Heavy metals are toxic inorganic contaminants which
must be removed from wastewater before being
discharged to the environment. A wide range of
physical and chemical processes is available for the
removal of heavy metal ions during wastewater
treatment. In contrast Phytoremediation is an
emerging technology for cleaning up contaminated
sites, which is cost effective, and has aesthetic
advantages and long term applicability.
Phytoremediation is a technology which involves
efficient use of plants to cleanse the nature, as plants
can absorb, accumulate and detoxify contaminants of
their substrates through physical, chemical or
biological processes. Plant chosen for present
investigation was Salvinia molesta.
Objectives
Removal of heavy metals from industrial effluent
Retention time study
Comparative studies on the uptake of heavy
metals by roots and leaves
Bio-ethanol production
Methodology
Phytoremediation study
The plants and the industrial effluent were
collected from nearby source.
125 gms of plant sample was subjected to
Phytoremediaton process by treating them with 1
lit of both treated and untreated industrial effluent
and water was taken as control.
At specific intervals i.e. 0, 2, 4,8,24,48,72,96 hrs
effluent samples were collected in sterilized
culture tubes. The samples were then filtered
using whatman filter paper.
The samples were then analysed using Atomic
Absorption Spectrophtometer.
The standards for Cr, Cu, and Mn were prepared
of concentrations 1,2,3,4,5 ppm and was
analysed at 357.9nm, 327.4nm, 279.50nm
respectively.
125gms of plants were transferred to 1 lit of both,
treated and untreated effluent. On reaching
maximum absorbance which was predetermined
the plants were then placed in water.
The samples were collected at specific intervals
of 0, 4, 5,8,24,48,72,96 hrs.
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Filtered samples were analyzed using Atomic
Absorption Spectrophotometer.
Comparative study on the metal uptake by root
and leaf
The di-acid mixture was prepared by mixing
concentrated nitric acid with concentrated
perchloric acid in the ratio 9:4
Plants were treated with Std Mn, Cr solutions of
5 ppm concentration and sun dried
Plant sample was treated with Di-acid mixture
and heated on hot plate.
Concentrated drop was diluted and filtered.
Sample was collected for AAS analysis
Bioethanol production
Chemical pre-treatment for digestion of cellulosic
matter
Filtration and neutralization
Fermentation
Distillation
Estimation of ethanol by specific gravity method.
Results
Phytoremediation study
In the present investigation 88% of Cr uptake
was seen by S.molesta from untreated industrial
effluent and 99% from treated industrial effluent.
In case of Cu 48% uptake was seen from the
untreated effluent and in the treated effluent
97.2% of Cu was taken up by the plant.
86% of the Mn uptake by the S.molesta was
seen from the untreated effluent and 98% of
uptake was seen in treated effluent.
From the retention time study it was determined that
S.molesta was a very good accumulator of Cr and
Mn as compared to Cu.
Comparative study
The result showed that the root contained higher
concentration of Cr and Mn than the leaves. 2.67ppm
and 2.493ppm of Cr and Mn respectively was seen in
the leaves.
Bioethanol production:
Preliminary study was conducted to determine if the
plant has the potential to produce bioethanol. The
study was conducted in duplicates and it was found
that the plant could produce 1.5% of bioethanol.
Conclusions
S. molesta is considered one of the worlds most
noxious aquatic weeds. Since it reduces oxygen
diffusion into the water, reducing the quality of the
habitat for flora and fauna. The present work deals
with the establishment of dual purpose of S.molesta
being Phytoremediation and bioethanol production.
Comparing the results of three metals it can be
therefore suggested that S.molesta may be a hyper
accumulator of Cr and Mn as compared to Cu. The
present study hopes to fulfill the aim to ensure better
and cleaner environment, using a part of nature for
its governance and its treatment. Further study
needs to be focused on uptake by the plant on a
larger scale including the other heavy metals.
10. BIOHYDROGEN FUEL FROM
CELLULOSE RICH COWDUNG
ENRICHED BETEL NUT SHELLS

COLLEGE : P.A. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, MANGALORE
GUIDE : DR. KRISHNA PRASAD N
STUDENTS : POOJA J.KOTIAN
JAIVIKA J.G
LORENE WILINDA PINTO
MADEEHA MAJEED
Introduction
With respect to the energy security and
environmental protection, bio hydrogen production
from renewable aging betel nut shell wastes
available abundantly in the villages of western ghat is
been an exciting area of bio-energy production
because of its environmentally friendly and energy
saving process. The bio-conversion of aging betel
nut shell wastes into cellulose-hydrogen is
challenging to us because of its complex chemical
structures and hard biodegradation. The pre-
treatment of aging betel nut shell wastes plays a vital
role in the effective conversion of cellulose into
cellulose hydrogen. This process makes use of cow
dung manure as it is the best source of the abundant
indigenous micro flora found within organic solid
wastes and batch H
2
production completion times will
be faster.
Objectives
To isolate microbes with the potential of
hydrogen producing from cow dung manure.
To identify the best method of pretreatment of
aging cellulose rich betel nut shells using
hydrochloric acid and Sulphuric acid.
To produce hydrogen gas using aging cellulose
rich betel shell powder, cow dung as an
inoculums and isolated hydrogen producing
microbes.
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Methodology

Results and Discussions:
Biohydrogen production by C. acetobutylicum was
.54, .53, .51 ml/g, by C. butyricum was .50, .51, .46
ml/g, and by C. beijerinckii was .42, .51, .47 ml/g at
1:1, 1:2 and 2:1 proportion of pulverized
microcrystalline ageing betel nut shells and
pulverized dry aging cow dung, respectively.
Conclusion
Even though microorganism can convert
cellulose into glucose, acid hydrolysis is
promising method to get maximum yield
During acid hydrolysis, 5% hydrochloric acid was
efficient in hydrolyzing cellulose to glucose
compared to sulphuric acid.
This process is sustainable, eco-friendly,
economic, and generates employment.
11. AGROBACTERIUM TUMIFACIENS
MEDIATED GENETIC
TRANSFORMATION OF ARACHIS
HYPOGAEA (GROUNDNUT)

COLLEGE : R.V. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING,
BANGALORE.
GUIDE : DR. NAGASHREE.N.RAO,
STUDENTS : PRIYA JACOB
SHERJIL BOLAR
NISHA GUPTA
Introduction
Groundnut, Arachis hypogea has long been the focus
of conventional breeding efforts because of its
importance as a source of high quality oil and
proteins. Modification of groundnut plants using
genetic engineering techniques is used as a very
important tool for introduction of agronomical useful
genes responsible for improvement of economically
important traits such as disease resistance, high
seed quality and yield. Plant transformation vectors
and methodologies have been improved to increase
the efficiency of plant transformation and to achieve
stable expression of transgenes in plants. A
successful protocol for groundnut transformation
work has been carried out primarily by microprojectile
bombardment of the embryogenic calli, though the
procedure is reliable but is highly laborious and in
many cases prone to microbial contamination and
has low transformation efficiency. Agrobacterium-
mediated gene transfer is the most widely applied
system in plant gene manipulation experiments.
Novel genes can be introduced into actively growing
groundnut cells biologically through Agrobacterium-
mediated gene transfer. A major limitation in the
current ground nut transformation is the tissue
culture based transformation protocols is difficult,
time-consuming, recalcitrant and genotype-
dependent. Minimizing the role of tissue culture in the
transformation procedure would therefore be
advantageous.
Objectives
The objective of the project was to standardize an
efficient protocol for Agrobacterium tumifaciens
mediated gene transformation of binary plant
expression vector pCAMBIA 1301 in Arachis
hypogaea (groundnut or peanut).
Methodology and Results
In the present study optimization of Agrobacterium
mediated genetic transformation was carried out both
by tissue culture-based and in planta transformation
methods in Arachis hypogaea. Agrobacterium
tumefaciens strain LBA 4404 harboring the binary
vector pCAMBIA 1301 having the 35S CAMV
promoter driving the expression of -glucurodinase
(GUS gene), and Hygromycin phosphotranferase as
the antibiotic resistance gene marker (hptII); driven
by CAMV 35S promoter was used for genetic
transformation.
The promoter: reporter (35SCAMV::GUS) plasmid
with nos terminator and hygromycin resistant gene
sequences was transformed to Agrobacterium
tumifaciens strain LBA4404 by Freeze thaw method
(fig 1B). After transformation, plasmid preparation
was carried out using alkali lysis method followed by
restriction enzyme digestion with Xho1 to
authenticate the plasmid transformation.
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Agrobacterium tumifaciens mediated genetic
transformation was carried out following tissue
cultured based and in planta methods.
Tissue culture based Agrobacterium tumifaciens
genetic transformation
In Planta or non tissue culture based Agrobacterium
tumifaciens genetic transformation
Scope for Future work
The present study on optimization of Agrobacterium
tumifaciens mediated genetic transformation in
Arachis hypogea is basis to manipulate the gene of
interest to study functional genomics using reverse
genetics approach. The functional analysis of gene of
interest involved in various developmental
processes.
Agrobacterium tumifaciens -mediated gene
transformation provides a rapid and simple means to
introduce and express genes of interest into ground
nut cells. This protocol will be further used to
introduce foreign genes, to carry out the functional
analysis of the gene through reverse genetics
mechanism.
12. EVALUATION OF
ANTIPROLIOFERATIVE ACTIVITY OF
PAVONIA ZEYLANICA CAV. ON
MAMMARIAN CANCER CELLS

COLLEGE : SHRIDEVI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND
TECHNOLOGY, TUMKUR.
GUIDE : MRS. SURABHI SHRIVASTAVA
DR. G PANDURANGA MURTHY
STUDENTS : SHWETHA KARANTHI
USHA RANI M.R.
Introduction
Wamidh et al., (2010) conducted experiments on
Forty four extracts from sixteen plants used
traditionally as anticancer agents were evaluated in
vitro for their antiproliferative activity against Hep-2,
MCF-7, and Vero cell lines. Thry found that the
extracts prepared from methanol Ononis hirta (aerial
parts) and Inula viscosa (flowers) were the most
active fractions against MCF-7 cells with IC50 of
27.96 and 15.78 g/ml respectively and they were
less toxic against other cell lines
Objectives
Collection & preparation of Plant material for
isolation of bioactive constituents.
To Isolate bioactive compound from Pavonia
zeylanica (L.) Cav. through chromatographic
techniques.
To test the efficacy of the final compound against
pathogenic microorganisms
To evaluate bioactive compound for biological
activities like, Change in morphology, cell
proliferation assay, and irreversibility of cell
growth assay, cell cycle analysis and the role of
serum at different concentrations.
Methodology
Pavonia zeylanica is collected from Biligiri Rangana
hills, Chamarajanagar of Karnataka, India. The
materials used for the extraction of plant material are
powdered leaves, Distilled water, Ethanol, Methanol,
Acetone, Ethyl acetate, Petroleum ether and Hexane.
Plant parts of Pavonia zeylanica are shade dried for
few days. These plant parts are made in to powdered
form. 8gm of plant powder is taken in different
conical flasks for different solvents from polar to less
polar such as cold water, hot water, ethanol,
methanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, petroleum ether
and hexane. These plant materials are extracted by
the maceration method (WHO, 2007). The
macerated extracts after 24 hours, are subjected to
filtration by Whatman filter paper no. 1. And then it is
subjected to evaporation, and then the crude extracts
of different solvents are obtained.
Preliminary phytochemical analysis: The crude
extracts prepared are analyzed for photochemical.
Phytochemical analysis of all the evaporated solvent
extracts were conducted.
Results and conclusions
Pavonia zeylanica, is commonly called as
antutogari and used as purgative and with
vermifungal effects have been used in our study to
evaluate the preliminary phtyochemical,antimicrobial,
antioxidant, anti-proliferative activities. Preliminary
qualitative phytochemival analysis showed presence
of proteins in ethanolic extract alone and
carbohydrates in all the extract. Ethanlolic extracts
showed positive tests for
phenols,flavonoids,terpenoids,tannins and alkaloids.
Aqueous extracts showed positive for Alkaloids and
terpenoids.The antimicrobial activity tested for the
different solvent leaf extracts against Shigella,
Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus,
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, showed
good results against Shigella sps. and S.typhi in
ethanolic and aqeous extract and the Zone of
inhibition was found to be1.0 cm . The total
antioxidant activity of ethanolic leaf extracts was
evaluated by ABTS method and IC
50
value was found
33
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to be 70.74g/ml. Anti-proliferative activity was
evaluated against MCF-7 cell lines (mammarian
cancer cells) wherein it was found that there is a
presence of bio-active compound that is arresting the
proliferation and growth of these cancerous cells.
Thus, the plant can be considered for further analysis
for the isolation of the bio-active compound against
breast cancer.
The results indicates that further objectives can be
carried out with this plant to identify and design a
novel lead molecule against various diseases and
disorders; especially screening for a bio-active
principle against snake bite and different cancers.
13. ISOLATION OF BIOACTIVE
PRINCIPLE FROM NOTHOPODYTES
NIMMONIANA, BLUME AND ITS

TECHNOLOGY, TUMKUR
GUIDE : DR. G PANDURANGA MURTHY
MRS. SURABHI SHRIVASTAVA
STUDENTS : HARINI S.
VASANTHAKUMARA N. M.
Introduction
Recently, an efficient alternative ethno-phytotherapy
for Scorpion bite, Spider bite and venomous snake
bite was identified in the folklore region (which was
already in practice since ancient time). But, their
bioactive molecules and mechanism are not yet
discovered. For example, the plant Nothapodytes
nimmoniana belongs to Icacinaceae has been in
traditional practice since more than 100 years.
Studies on neutralizing effects of Brazilian plants
against snake venoms reveals that; the active
components isolated and characterized both
structurally and functionally (Soares, A.M et al.,).
This presents a review of Brazilian species showing
neutralizing properties against snake venoms which
have been assayed in the research laboratory and
characterized. Ethno-pharmacologically in terms of:
1) the part of the plant used as antidote; 2) the
respective genus and family; and 3) the main
pharmacological properties related to inhibition of
toxic and enzymatic activities of snake venoms and
isolated toxins. Neutralization of lethality, myotoxicity
and toxic enzymes of Naja kaouthia venom by
Mimosa pudica root extracts.
Methodology
Collection and Extraction of Plant Material:
Nothapodvtes nimmoniana is collected from Biligiri
Rangana hills,chamarajanagar of Karnataka, India.
The materials used for the extraction of plant material
are powdered leaves, Distilled water, Ethanol,
Methanol, Acetone, Ethyl acetate, Petroleum ether
and Hexane. Plant parts of Nothapodytes
nimmoniana are shade dried for few days. These
plant parts are made in to powdered form. 8gm of
plant powder is taken in different conical flasks for
different solvents from polar to less polar such as
cold water, hot water, ethanol, methanol, acetone,
ethyl acetate, petroleum ether and hexane. These
plant materials are extracted by the maceration
method (WHO, 2007). The macerated extracts after
24 hours, are subjected to filtration by Whatman filter
paper no. 1. And then it is subjected to evaporation,
and then the crude extracts of different solvents are
obtained.
Preliminary phytochemical analysis: The crude
extracts prepared are analyzed for phytochemicals.
Phytochemical analysis of all the evaporated solvent
extracts was conducted. By this analysis, the
presence or absence of several phytochemicals
listed in table-1 was tested.
Bio-assay screening:
a) Anti microbial Activity: Plant extracts were
tested against six microbial species. Out of which
four were bacterial species and two were fungal
species. The Bacterial strains used for the analysis
are;
Gram +ve species:
Salmonella typhi
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Gram ve species:
E-coli
Staphylococcus aureus

Fungal strains used are:
Aspergillus niger which is of mould form.
Candida albicans which is of yeast form.
b) Antioxidant activity: An antioxidant is a molecule
capable of slowing or preventing the oxidation of
other molecules. Oxidation is a chemical reaction
that transfers electrons from a substance to an
oxidizing agent. Oxidation reaction can produce free
radicals, which start chain reactions that damage
cells. Antioxidant terminates this chain reaction by
removing free radical intermediate, and inhibits other
oxidation reaction by being oxidized themselves. The
Assay was done by the standard ABTS method.
c) Thin layer chromatography:
d) Column chromatography:
e) Venom interaction: Partial purification of Snake
venom protein by gel filtration chromatography was
performed in triplicates and the protein samples that
eluted in each tube were measured for their optical
density at 280 nm. Later 50 ml of isolated bioactive
33
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sample was scanned between 400 to 200 nm.
Similarly, the purified sample was also scanned
between 400 to 200nm. Then, the 50 micro liter
sample of bioactive principle from N. nimoniana and
snake venom; Naja naja were incubated for 30
minutes and finally scanned between 400 to 200 nm.
f) Anticancer activity: In vitro anti cancer analysis
was performed wherein Change in morphology, cell
proliferation assay, and irreversibility of cell growth
assay by the trypan blue dye exclusion method,
Hoechsts assay and MTT assay for cell viability
were performed.
Nothapodytes nimmoniana is a small tree, found in
peninsular India. Its common name in Kannada is
Durvasane mara. It belongs to the family
Icacinaceae. It has been used in this study to
evaluate the preliminary phyto-chemical,
antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-venom and anticancer
activities. The preliminary phyto-chemical analysis for
primary and secondary metabolites was carried out.
The antimicrobial activity was tested for the different
solvent leaf extracts against E.coli, Staphylococcus
aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginousa, Salmonella
typhi and exhibited positive results against
Staphylococcus aureus Pseudomonas aeruginosa
sps. The zone of inhibition was found to be 0.7 and
0.8cm respectively. The total antioxidant activity of
ethyl acetate leaf extracts was evaluated by ABTS
method and IC
50
value was found to be 80.6g/ml.
The anti-venom activity was tested by interacting
snake venom protein of Naja naja with plant leaf
protein and the results indicated that, positive
interaction between the proteins of both bio-
resources with respect to time frequency. Further,
this can be confirmed through analyzing specific
enzymes in the respective peaks during interaction
along with their probable mechanism. Anti-cancer
activity was evaluated against HeLa cell lines
wherein it was found that there is a presence of bio-
active compound that is arresting the growth of these
cancerous cells. Therefore, plant has high potential
in treating various diseases and disorder which can
be explored further for the benefit of human welfare.
14. ISOLATION AND CULTIVATION OF
MICROALGAE IN VARIOUS
BIOREACTORS FOR THE BI0-DISEL
PRODUCTION

COLLEGE : BASAVESHWAR ENGINEERING COLLEGE,
BAGALKOT
GUIDE : DR. BHARATHI S. METI
STUDENTS : BHAVANA G. KATTI
MUBASHRIN T. KARAJGI.
SHWETA R. JOSHI.
VIKAS C. GHATTARGI
Introduction
Algae present one of the most exciting possibilities
as a future solution to our energy problem, especially
that of transportation fuel. Algae are already being
used in a wide variety of industries and application,
and many newer applications are being discovered.
Such a wide range of end-uses enables companies
to produce both fuels and non-fuel products from the
same algae feedstock. Biodiesel from algae in itself
is not significantly different from vegetable/plant oil.
All biodiesel essentially are produced from the
plant/algal oils. Algae produced a lot of
polyunsaturated, which may present a stability
problem since higher levels of polyunsaturated fatty
acids tend to decrease the stability of biodiesel.
Objectives
1. Isolation of microalgae-Euglena, from freshwater
sample.
2. To mass cultivate the microalgae- Euglena
gracilis.
3. To construct the Photo-bioreactor.
4. To study the growth pattern of Euglena under
different conditions.
5. To extract oil from microalgae-Euglena gracilis.
6. To produce biodiesel using the micro-algal-oil of
Euglena gracilis.
Materials and methods:
Different fresh water samples were collected for
isolation of euglena such as old wells, back water,
ponds, lakes, settled rain water from Bagalkot city
and isolation was done by standard procedure of
serial dilution and repeated sub-culturing. For the
further work Euglena gracilis was procured from
NCIM, Pune. Study of growth pattern of E. gracilis
was done by
Oil extraction from E. gracilis was done by chemical
method. This was chosen seeing its advantages of
simple, rapid and cost efficient over the others
methods such as sonication and cell homogenizer.
Chemicals used were organic solvents such as
chloroform and methanol and were added in 2:1
ratios and kept at 4
o
C for 1 hour; stirred several times
to extract oil.(Tetsuaki et al) These chemicals were
selected on the bases the cell wall composition of E.
gacilis, which dissolved the membrane lipids thus
releasing the cellular components. The oil was
dissolved in the chloroform mixture.
Conversion of oil to diesel is done by alkali catalyzed
transesterfication. Alkali catalyzed transesterification
is the reaction of a fat or oil with an alcohol to form
33
rd
esters and glycerol where an alkali is used as a
catalyst to improve the rate of reaction.
The obtained biodiesel was washed with warm
distilled water to remove the water soluble impurities
and was added to separating funnel for separation of
washed water and biodiesel. Air-drying of produced
biodiesel was done by keeping under room fan for 12
hours. Storing of produced biodiesel was done by
keeping it in non-inflammable air tight container in
cool dark place.
Results and conclusion
The results of comparisons in different bioreactors
were done by taking the OD (optical density) at
610nm for 24 hrs intervals and the growth in
bioreactor1, bioreactor2 and bioreactor3 showed the
highest growth in modified euglena medium with
aeration in presence of light (OD-0.46) while there
was no growth in modified euglena medium with and
without aeration in absence of light.
If can be concluded that, when Euglena gracilis was
grown in two different media namely MEM (Modified
Euglena Media) which allows autotrophic growth and
MGP (Modified Glucose-Peptone Media) which
allows heterotrophic growth. More growth was
observed in MEM with aeration in presence of light
while in MGP more growth was observed with
aeration in absence of light. And there is no
significant effect on growth of Euglena gracilis when
it is grown in different design of Photo bioreactors.
And diesel can be successfully produced from the oil
of E. gracilis.
15. MOLECULAR AND POMOLOGICAL
DIVERSITY IN POMEGRANATE
(PUNICA GRANATUM L.) OF
BAGALKOT DISTRICT

BAGALKOT
GUIDE : DR. BHARATI S. METI
STUDENTS : SHASHIDHAR Y SANSHI
ZAKIR HUSSAIN M TAHASILDAR
VINAYAK.A.B

Introduction
Pomegranate, Punica granatum L., is one of the
oldest cultivated species among the fruits. It belongs
to the subclass Rosidae and believed to be native to
the region between Iran to Northern India. Currently,
it is an important fruit species for India,Iran, USA and
Mediterranean countries like Greece, Spain, Tunisia.
Additionally, It is cultivated to a large extent in the
northern dry district of Karnataka state. Cultivators of
bijapur, koppal and bagalkot district have
successfully exporting pomegranate through their
associations it can be processed into juice, syrup,
jams and wine. Although the chemical composition of
the fruit is affected from cultivar, growing region,
climate, maturity, cultural practice and storage
pomegranate is known to have rich sources of
organic acids, phenolic compounds, sugar,water-
soluble vitamins and minerals.
Objectives
To study the molecular & pomological diversity
among pomegranate (Punica granatum L.)
cultivators of bagalkot.
To collect the pomegranate fruit for pomology.
To collect the leaf sample for molecular diversity
studies.
To study the molecular diversity, extraction of
DNA, quantification of DNA, amplification and
RAPD analysis.

This crop is suffering with bacterial blight, a major
disease in this area where the formers are uprooting
pomegranate so there is a threat to the Bagalkot
communities to get a healthy pomegranate easily
and also to research the diverse cultivar were quality
and quantity of pomegranate yield can be achieved.
For the above reasons the present study is
undertaken to search the molecular diversity among
the cultivar and also, this study will be help the who
can select their research based on our result.
Materials and Method
Plant Material and Sample Collection
DNA extraction
PCR amplification with RAPD primers
Electrophoresis
Data Analysis
Sample stored in LN
2
Can.

Measurement of fruit diameter using vernier calipers.
33
rd

Counting of aril number.

Filtration of juice for determination of pH.
Conclusion
The genetic distance matrix showed that the highest
genetics distance was between cultivar 1 and cultivar
2 (1.00) and the least was between cultivar 3, 4, 6
and cultivar 7(0.00). This indicates that the cultivar 1
and cultivar 2 are genetically closer than the other
cultivar and cultivar 8 may be mutated from cultivar 1
and 2. Similarly cultivar 5 is mutated from rest others.

16. STUDIES ON CONVERSION OF
MUNICIPAL WASTES IN TO LIQUID
FUELS

COLLEGE : BAPUJI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND
GUIDE : DR. B. M. KULKARNI
STUDENTS : PRADEEPA P. H
RAHUL S.K.
JYOTHI .R
Introduction
Increased urbanization and economic conditions of
urban population has resulted in generation of nearly
1800 M.Tons of municipal solid wastes (MSW)
annually, most of which is at present is collected
transported and disposed off at some far off
designated dumping sites. This has triggered in
occurrence of strong protests and stoppage of MSW
dumping from nearby villagers. Recent legislations
have mandated urban local bodies (ULB) responsible
for collection and management of MSW form their
jurisdiction. Poor budgetary allocation, lack of public
support and inefficient administration have severely
affected the present MSW management system and
made it as an unviable proposition. Other alternate
processes are to be devised, which can make MSW
management an attractive and feasible one.
Objectives
To design, develop and evaluate the pyrolysis
unit which can produce liquid fuels.
To devise suitable type of operations required for
pyrolysis process
To investigate the process variables which
influence the yield of liquid fuels
To optimize the process parameters for
maximum yields
To determine the fuel properties of products thus
produced
To identify the types of compounds associated
with liquid fuel thus produced.
Methodology
Stage 1: To design and development of suitable type
pyrolysis unit.
Stage 2: To sequence the various operations and
processes involved in pyrolysis.
Stage 3: To identify and study the variables which
influence the pyrolysis process.
Stage 4: To optimize the pyrolysis process for
maximum yields of bio oil
Stage 5: To determine the fuel properties if bio oil
compound mixture
Stage 6: To determine the types of compounds and
elemental composition of mixture produced
Design, development and assembly of pyrolysis unit
were done in the department.
Collection: Solid wastes from canteen, college
campus and hostel mess were collected over a week
period.
Segregation: Cellulosic (vegetable, paper) and
plastic wastes were separated
Drying: Open air sun drying was done for a week to
reduce moisture content of cellulosic wastes.
33
rd
Size Reduction: Size reduction of dried waste items
was done separately using biomass pulverizer and
choppers
Feed stock: Plastic and cellulosic ground wastes
were mixed proportionately in desired proportions
Pyrolysis: Blends of plastic and cellulosic wastes
were pyrolysed in the prolyser.
Refining: Crude bio oil produced batch distilled.
Analysis: Fuel properties, elemental analysis and
spectral studies were carried out.
Conclusion
MSW pyrolysis has been investigated, the
products obtained pyroil, char, and pyrogas at an
average yield 25.5%, 25.2%, and 30%
respectively. This shows that MSW can be
completely converted into useful fuel products.
The char obtained can be used as RDF.
Average waste volume reduction of about 66-
70% was achieved through this technique.
Elemental analysis & spectral data of product
indicates that they contain mixtures of alcohol,
carboxylic acids, carbonyl compounds and
alkenes etc.
Fire & flash point, viscosity data indicates the
product has good fuel property.
Pyrolysis technology can be applied to the
management of MSW which is a cost-effective.
pyrolysis can greatly reduce the waste and odor
emissions while producing energy.
A catalytic type of pyrolysis is reported to
produce 70% and higher yields. Suitable type of
catalyst is to be devised.
Use of rubber, leather waste items is to be
investigated.
Fuel properties and engine emissions of bio oil
diesel blends to be carried out.
Economic evaluation of process is to be done.
17. SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION
AND APPLICATION STUDIES OF
ZINC OXIDE NANOPOWDER

COLLEGE : B.M. S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING,
BANGALORE
GUIDE : SHIVA KUMAR R
STUDENTS : GAURAV RAMESH
NANDA KUMAR
SHEWTA MURARI
MUNAPH PATEL
Introduction
The synthesis of nano-material in the present era is
gaining momentum because of the easy process
involved in synthesizing nano-materials. One such
nano-material which has a wide variety of application
is Zinc oxide nano-powder (ZnO). The ZnO had
found its application in paints, cosmetics, plastics,
rubber manufacturing, electronics and
pharmaceuticals. ZnO has entered the scientific
spotlight, this time for its semi conducting properties.
Objective
To prepare the Zinc oxide (ZnO) nano powder by a
Selfpropagating low temperature synthesis Method
(SPLT). This method is used for the production of
ZnO nano powders which is a novel and economical
method to prepare the metal oxide nano powders. In
SPLT, a metal nitrate as an oxidizing agent and a
fuel as a reducing agent are used. Control of the
oxidant to fuel ratio should create a high heat
induced from the reactions. Therefore, in order to use
an exothermic reaction, the selection of a suitable
ratio of oxidant to fuel is very important. A non-
suitable ratio of nitrate to fuel makes some unwanted
intermediate phases or unreacted raw materials.
SPLT gives a homogenous, high purity and high
quality nano powder due to the possibility of
stoichiometric control. The obtained ZnO nano
powders from the SPLT will be subjected to Fourier
transform I.R. Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray
Diffractometry Spectra (XRD), Scanning Electron
Microscope (SCM) and BET- Surface Area
Measurements, the results are analyzed for optimum
catalyst composition.
Methodology
(1) The raw materials namely the Zinc Nitrate, Zinc
acetate were fixed with different fuels namely
citric acid and urea at stoichiometric rates of
metal to fuel ratio.
(2) The reactants were thoroughly mixed under
smitasee conditions and heated at 80
0
C in open
air till we get a porous, amorphous powder.
(3) Further heated the resulted amorphous powder
at 700
0
C and 900
0
C using commercial muffle
furnace in the absence of air in the closed
environment to get crystalline nano powder.
(c) Characterization
The sintered nano-powder was characterized using
Fouriers Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR),
BET Nitrogen adsorption Surface area analyzer and
X-Ray Diffractometry (XRD).
Results and Discussions
(a) It shows characteristic bands 3300, 1600, 1380
and 830 cm
-1
represent the O-H ligand stretching, the
33
rd
carboxyl group stretching and Nitrate ion stretching
(No3
-
) respectively.
(b) BET - Surface area Measurement
(c) X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements
The XRD measurements were carried out at NIT,
suratkal and the results are shown in figure below.
X-Ray Diffractometry chart
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
35.5 36 36.5 37 37.5
2 theta
In
t
e
n
s
it
y
(
a
b
. u
n
it
s
)
S2
S1
S3
S4

X-Ray Diffractometry chart

CIVIL ENGINEERING
18. STUDIES ON QUALITY OF
GROUNDWATER AND ITS
GEOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT IN
JAGALUR TALUK OF DAVANAGERE
DISTRICT

COLLEGE : BAPUJI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &
TECHNOLOGY, DAVANAGERE
GUIDE : PROF S.SUBRAMANYA
PROF S.A.GANGARAJU
STUDENTS : HARISH G.L
BHAKTI
VINAYAKA PAWAR R.G
MD. TABISH AFAQUE
Introduction
Jagalur taluk of Davangere district covers a
geographical area of 963.27 sq Km. and it
encompasses 171 villages. It is located 48 Km away
NE of Davanagere district headquarters and lies 600
m above MSL. In all respects, Jagalur is backward
taluk and drought hit one and majority of the
population depends upon agriculture. Many families
of the labour class migrate to the neighboring
districts in search of jobs during summer.
Rain fed agriculture is very intensive and great
amount of chemical fertilizers such Nitrogen,
phosphorous and potash are being used for growing
crops like maize, jowar, cotton, mulberry, groundnuts
and other oil seeds and cereals.
This has resulted in high concentration of nitrate and
total hardness in the groundwater samples of many
bore wells located in the taluk, besides high
concentration of fluoride.
Recharging of groundwater takes place only during
the monsoon season. The study are is falling under
Peninsular Gneissic Complex of rocks such as
granites, gneisses and schists and the groundwater
occurs under phreatic and semi-confined conditions
in the weathered and fractured rock formations.
Depth of the weathered zone ranges from 5.7 m to
36.74 m BGL and some bore wells are drilled up
200m.
Objectives
The present project has been taken up to carry out a
detailed survey to identify such aquifers where the
ground water is said to be contaminated and also
suggest the possible remedies to bring down such
chemical constituents of ground water which are
adverse in nature for both domestic and irrigation
purposes.
Methodology
In the present study, groundwater samples from the
selected 35 bore well locations in Jagalur taluk have
been collected and were subjected to various
physical and chemical analysis that were required to
detect the quality of ground water.
Physical tests for colour, taste and odour,
temperature, turbidity, electrical conductivity etc,
besides chemical tests for chlorides, nitrate, fluoride,
sulphate, magnesium, calcium, hardness, pH,
alkalinity, total solids etc were carried out as per the
prescribed standard methods at the environmental
science and technology study center of BIET in
Davanagere.
Some of the chemicals used for chemical analysis of
water were: Methyl orange and phenolphaline
indicators, ethylene diamine tetrachloride acid
(EDTA), silver nitrate, barium sulphate, HCL, buffer
tablets, Potassium chromate, barium chloride,
benzene sulphuric acid and sodium hydroxide.
Important equipments used for chemical analysis
were: U-V spectrophotometer, pH meter with
electrodes, conductivity meter, beaker, macro
pipette, burette, conical flask, measuring jar, tissue
paper, etc.
Nearly 50% of the groundwater samples that were
collected from 35 bore wells in Jagalur taluk were
found to be exceeding the permissible limits with
33
rd
respect to fluoride, hardness, conductivity,
magnesium and pH characters, indicating unfit for
drinking by the human beings.
There is an abundant scope for further studies to
determine the integrated quality of ground water with
respect to recharge (during monsoon) and discharge
(during summer) on a long range (say some few
years). Further, correlating the quality of water with
respect to the aquifer characters including
lithological, structural and geomorphologic and
hydrologically and interaction with rock water.
Identification of suitable sites for recharging
groundwater so as to improve upon the quality of
aquifers. Delineation of boundaries of contaminated
and potable groundwater zones are some of the
extensional field works and such things could be
done on further continuation of the project in the
future.
19. STRENGTH AND ELASTICITY OF
COMPOSITE MORTARS

COLLEGE : B.L.D.E.AS VACHANA PITAMAHA
DR. P.G.HALAKATTI COLLEGE OF
ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, BIJAPUR
GUIDE : PROF.R.G TALASADAR
STUDENTS : VACHANA PATIL
ASHWINI PUTTALAKATTI
SANGAMESH CHINNIGAVI
PAVITRA PATTAR

Introduction
The versatility of mortar as building material pushed
the research into improving properties of rather old
mortar. The demand for improved properties of
mortars like strength, workability and modulus of
elasticity increased was facilitated by the introduction
of different ingredients like lime, soil, and stone dust.
There is no single mortar mix which can satisfy all
the requirements in all the situations. Therefore this
project mainly deals with study of strength and
elasticity of mortar by varying the proportions of the
ingredients. Different trials have been done with
different water content.
Objectives
1. To Characterize of properties of cement, sand,
soil.
2. To study the properties such as workability,
modulus of elasticity, compressive strength of
composite mortar using lime, stone dust and soil
as additional ingredients.
Methodology
Materials Used
CEMENT: 43 grade Ordinary Portland Cement
having grayish color.
LIME: Freshly prepared lime in slaked form is
used for mortar preparation.
WATER: Free from injurious amount of oils,
acids or alkalies and other organic and inorganic
impurities. Water fit for drinking purpose and at
room temperature is used.
SOIL: Soil colleted in the field is made clear by
removing organic matter, etc and the soil is
sieved through 4.75mm sieve for the preparation
of cubes.
SAND: The quality of sand is of primary
importance to achieving a high quality mortar. It
is the job of the sand to provide structural
strength
STONE DUST: Stone dust is made clear by
removing organic matter, other impurities if any
and it is sieved through 4.75mm sieve for the
preparation of cubes.
In this project soil, lime and stone dusts are used as
additional ingredients. The following tests were
conducted on various ingredient materials and
mortar.
Materials Tests
Cement Normal consistency
Initial setting time
Final setting time
Compressive strength
Sand Sieve analysis
Free moisture content
Bulk density
Soil Specific gravity
Wet sieve analysis
Consistency Limits
Sedimentation analysis by hydrometer
method
Mortar Workability
Compressive Strength
Modulus of elasticity
1. Reduction in water-cement ratio leads to
decrease in flow value.
2. C-SD mortar (1:3:3) gives high flow value of
122.5% as compared to CM (1:6) for a same
water cement ratio. To achieve good workability
with low water cement ratio lime is added to the
mortar.
3. Increase in soil content demands higher water
content in order to achieve good workability
4. Composite mortars (1:1:2.5:2.5:1) & (1:1:2:2:2)
which have all additional ingredients like lime,
33
rd
stone dust and soil demands high water content
to achieve good workability.
5. CL (1:1:6) gives good workable mortar with
relatively low strength. The strength of this
mortar is increased by addition of SD by
replacing 3 parts of sand.
6. It is noted that the compressive strength
decreases with reduction in cement content in
the mortar.
7. The cement mortar (1:6) has high compressive
strength of 10.4 MPa as compared to other
mortars.
8. The cement-sand-stone dust (1:3:3) gives good
compressive strength of with better workability.
9. The composite mortars (1:1:2.5:2.5:1) and
(1:1:2:2:2) have relatively lower strength of 5.32
MPa and 5.0 MPa 28 days respectively.
10. CL mortar (1:1:6) is relatively softer than the
conventional CM (1:6) with secant modulus of
7464 MPa
11. Composite mortar (1:1:2:2:2) has low secant
modulus of 4200 MPa compared to other
mortars. C-SL mortar has a secant modulus of
5920MPa. Further increase of soil content in
such mortars reduces the value of secant
modulus resulting softer mortars. The increase in
the ultimate strain values of mortars is an
evidence of the softening trend.
Scope for future work
To study temperature effect on mortar.
To study the other properties of mortars such as
water retentively, air content, durability, etc.
20. INTRODUCTION OF MODIFIED
BINDERS IN STRUCTURAL BASE
COURSE LAYERS

COLLEGE : DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF
ENGINEERING, BANGALORE
GUIDE : DR. B. V. KIRAN KUMAR
STUDENTS : AMARSINGH
RAGHUVEER DONGRE
P. VIJAY KRISHNA
SONU SAMANTA

Introduction
The strength or load carrying capacity of a flexible
pavement is mainly based on its foundation and
structural layers, in this a pivotal role is played by a
structural layer has it carries a major portion of traffic
load before disturbing it to the bottom layers, hence it
is required to strengthen these structural layers and
enhance load carrying capacity. To increase the load
carrying capacity of structural layers either the
thickness of layers should be increased which is very
costly affair or provide pavement materials which can
carry heavy loads and do not fail in such conditions.
Here the use of CRMB in structural layers can
provide the solution. Has it is seen the performance
of CRMB which is been used in wearing courses on
highways for a decade have proven to be effective in
reducing the distress in pavement and increase in
performance of pavement both structural and
functionally since it has a high elastic recovery which
helps to reduce the fatigue cracking in pavement
layers, better aggregate bonding which reduces
stripping of aggregates and tensile failure when layer
is subjected to flexural load.
Objectives
To Determine Optimum Bitumen Content (OBC)
for Dense Bituminous Macadam (DBM) mix by
Marshall Method of Bituminous Mix Design using
Crumb Rubber Modified Bitumen-55 (CRMB-55),
Polymer Modified Binder- 40 (PMB-40) and
60/70 Grade Binder.
DBM specimens are cast at respective OBCs
and are subjected to performance tests such as
rutting, moisture sensitivity evaluation & fatigue.
Methodology
Flexibility and load distribution capacity are two
important characteristics of bitumen bound layers.
High-stiffness bituminous layers protect underlying
layers through better stress distribution, resulting in
less stress being applied to the underlying pavement
layers. Low-stiffness bituminous layers are flexible
and desirable in thin pavement structures with low
traffic loading, where the purpose of the asphalt layer
is not primarily to increase the bearing capacity of the
road, but rather to increase riding comfort and safety
and to protect underlying layers. Stiffness of
bituminous layer is one of the most important
parameters in analytical pavement design. Today in
our country the number of commercial vehicles
carried on our highways is more than Ten Thousand
Vehicles per day; with this there is ever increasing
tire pressure and axle load on the pavement. In these
conditions it is essential for a pavement engineer to
design a pavement and select suitable pavement
materials which survives such extremities and
completes its design period without major
maintenance. It is a challenge task, but its not
impossible, by invent of modified bitumen such as
Crumb rubber Modified Bitumen (CRMB) and
Polymer Modified Bitumen-40 (PMB-40) used in
wearing or surface courses itself have provided
enough evidence to prove that use of such material
33
rd
has enhancing the pavement life by surviving its
design life and performing in such extreme
conditions.
By using modified binders in DBM layers apart
from enhancing the performance of mix the
environmental problem of disposing the rubber,
plastic waste can be solved to some extent.
From the Marshall Hammer tests we can say that
60/70 & PMB-40 is performing better than
CRMB-55.
The density is found to be almost same for all
binders the average density is found to be 2.33
g/cc.
For CRMB-55 the VMA value is high and for
PMB-40 the VMA is Low.
For 60/70 the VFb value is high and for CRMB-
55 the VFb is Low.
For CRMB-55 the OBC value is high and for
PMB-40 the OBC is Low.
The average value for OBC is found to be 5%.
21. SELF HEALING BIO-CONCRETE AND
ELECTRIC CURING

COLLEGE : JAWAHARLAL NEHRU NATIONAL COLLEGE OF
ENGINEERING, SHIMOGA
GUIDE : DR. S. RAJENDRA,
STUDENTS : SHUBHA A.P
SRUTHI VENUGOPAL
SHASHIRAJ J.P
VINAYAK M. TAMBE
Introduction :
Concrete structures without cracks are unavoidable
due to several reasons. One of the reasons that
cracks are due to the presence of non hydrated
excess cement particles in material mixture, which
further undergoes secondary hydration reaction with
ingress of water. In this study project, it is intended to
develop a self healing concrete in which bacteria
mediate the production of minerals which seals the
freshly formed cracks, which decreases the
permeability of concrete thus protects steel
reinforcement from corrosion and other related ill
effects. It is felt that this specific organic mineral
precursor compounds and spore forming alkaliphilic
bacteria acts as self healing agents which may
produce upto 100-m sized calcite particles which
can potentially seal micro to even larger sized
cracks.
It is proposed to culture required spore forming
alkaliphilic bacteria of bacillus group with a specific
nutrient medium and then added to the concrete. The
spores developed are sealed by calcite which is
secreted by the bacteria. Both bacteria and organic
bio mineral precursor compounds need to be
incorporated in the mineral matrix to obtain an
autogenous self healing concrete. Basic tests on
materials as per BIS specifications with and without
bacteria are conducted. The compressive and split
tensile strength of cement paste samples is
determined with and without addition of bacteria. Set
of replicate test specimen with specific dimensions is
tested for compressive strength after 3, 7 and 28
days curing. Splitting tensile strength test is also
performed.
Also an attempt is made with electric curing of
cement mortar. It is applicable mostly to very cold
climate regions. Concrete can be cured electrically
by passing an alternating current itself between two
electrodes either buried in or applied to the surface of
the concrete. Care must be taken to prevent the
moisture from going out leaving the concrete
completely dry.
Objectives of the Project
To determine the basic materials properties that
will be suitable for concrete
To culture the bacteria in a suitable media with
different concentrations that can be added to
concrete cubes
To determine the compressive strength of
concrete cubes at various curing period added
with different concentration and to find out the
optimum concentration of the bacteria.
To compare the compressive strength of
concrete cubes added with different
concentration of bacteria.
Electric curing
Effect of passing current during early stage of
hydration.
Effect of type of current on hydration.
Effect of passing current on strength of mortar.
Changing physical properties of mortar.
Optimum duration of current curing.
Methodology
Bacterial culture was purchased from MTCC
Chandigarh.
The bacteria (B.Cohnii and B.Halodurans) were
cultured for required water to cement ratio (0.5%)
The culture was then added to concrete in
different concentration (10
3
, 10
5
, 10
7
) and cubes
were casted in moulds of size 70.6*70.6*70.6
mm, with the concrete mix of 1:1.5:3.
33
rd
The concrete cubes without adding bacteria was
also prepared, which was kept as control.
The cubes were cured for 3, 7 and 28 days.
Compressive strength tests were carried out for
concrete cubes.
The mortar cubes were casted in wooden mould
of size 70*70*70 mm.
The mortar was prepared to mix of 1:3 ratio.
Control mortar cubes were prepared and kept for
water curing for 3, 7 and 28 days.
The circuit was prepared for passage of current
to mortar cubes.
The three sets of mortar cubes were electrically
cured by passing the current for 1, 2 and 3 hours
for 1, 3 and 7 days respectively.
Compressive strength tests were carried out for
mortar cubes.
Self healing bio-concrete
The compressive strength of concrete cubes was
determined that has followed conventionally that
the strength has increased with age of curing for
both cases of control concrete and concrete with
bacteria. The bacteria concentration is varied in
concrete cubes from 10
3
cells /ml, 10
5
cells /ml,
10
7
cells /ml of water.
Thus the increase of compressive strength of
concrete may be due to the deposition of calcite
produced by the bacteria that reduces the pore
sizes and also modifies the pore size distribution
of the concrete.
An increase in bacterial cell concentrations, 10
3
cells/ml of water used, however, reduces the
strength of concrete and this reduction of
compressive strength may be due to some
disruption of concrete matrix integrity with higher
cell concentrations.
It may be inferred that the enrichment culture of
the particular aerobic thermopile grows over the
concrete matrix and produces minute particles in
the form of some crystals resulting in strength
improvement by the refinement of pore structure.
Electric curing
By analysing the test results the compressive
strength of cement mortar blocks, which were
electrically cured for limited period was having
high strength, compare to cement mortar cubes
which were normally (water) cured.
It may be concluded that passing of electrical
current through cement slurry accelerated the
setting process.
The results obtained are quite encouraging as
we can advance the stripping time of concrete.
Considerable saving can be achieved financially
and in terms of completion of project time.
22. STATUS OF BIO-MEDICAL WASTE
MANAGEMENT IN SHIVAMOGGA
CITY

GUIDE : MR. SHASHIKUMAR M. HIREMATH
STUDENTS : KIRAN G.V.
VIKAS D.V
PAVANKUMAR R. T.
ANAND B.

Introduction
The rapid industrialization, urbanization,
modernization, robotization etc., are becoming
biggest sources of generation of different wastes,
which are often given least importance by the
society. As a result, today the management of these
different wastes has become worldwide concerned
topic. Among various types of wastes generated in
the society the Bio-Medical Waste must be given as
equal importance as given to either Municipal Solid
wastes or Hazardous Wastes. Bio-Medical Wastes
are directly liked with great health hazards to the
communities. These wastes hence need special
attention and well planned collection, transportation,
treatment and disposal scheme.
Objectives
1) To provide information on the status of Bio-
Medical Waste management in Shivamogga city
using reported data as well as field validated
data.
2) To identify Environmental implications.
3) To study the compliance status of the Rules
implemented by the Government in this regard.
4) To highlight future action plans and strategies if
any.
Methodology
As per the work plan the following data were
collected through physical survey, questionnaire
33
rd
survey and photographic survey wherever possible
from March, 2010 to June, 2010:
a) Introduction, Brief history and Demography of the
Shivamogga City.
b) Data collection from Government Bodies like
Regional Office, KSPCB and NGOs like The
Shushrutha Bio Medical Waste Management
Society .
c) Assessment of Quantity and Quality
(Composition) of:
i) Generation (from records of questionnaire
survey data)
ii) Collection (Containers used, frequency)
iii) Transportation Methods (Vehicles, Distances
traveled)
iv) Treatment (Onsite as well as at treatment
site)
v) Disposal methods.
d) Manpower, Financial resources.
e) Compliance to BMW (H & M) Rules, 2003.
f) Conclusions and Findings.
Data acquired from KSPCB and NGO enlightened on
the statistics of the health units in Shivamogga City.
The city has potential numbers of Health Care units.
It has overall more than 100 establishments. Among
these the major ones are Govt. Meggan Hospital with
600 bedded strength, 225 bedded Shankar Eye
Hospital, 150 bedded Nanjappa Hospital, 70 bedded
Manasa Nursing Home Hospital and Vatsalya
Hospital of 56 bedded unit.
The questionnaire survey added about the
generation details of different categories of waste.
Category no. 1 accounts for about 30% of total Bio-
Medical waste quantity, category No.2, 3 ,4 and 7
have about 2% share, category No. 5 has got 5%
and category No.6 has 11% share in total waste
generation. Category No. 9 and 10 wastes are not at
all generated from these health units as they are the
ash wastes from incinerator. Among all types Liquid
waste i.e., category No.8 has its top share of about
46% of total waste generated. The transportation,
treatment and disposal of biomedical wastes are
serviced by The Shushrutha Bio-Medical Waste
Management Society . The NGO is charging Rs.
1.50 per bed per day for Govt. Hospitals, where as
for Private Hospitals it is charging Rs. 2.00 per bed
per day. Entire treatments of wastes are carried at
Common Waste Treatment Facility situated at
Machenahalli industrial area. The CWTF consists of
all units to treat wastes including Autoclave,
Incinerator, Mechanical process units, etc.,
It is concluded by the present study shows that the
present practice of Bio-Medical Waste Management
in Shivamogga City. is not creating any problem. It is
observed that all the health care units are putting
their responsibilities over NGO by hiring the services.
There is less scope on training for the workers
handling the wastes. Least number of workers
appointed to manage these wastes separately, which
shows negligence on the part of higher officials also.
23. ANN MODELLING FOR PREDICTION
OF STRENGTH PARAMETERS OF
STEEL FIBRE REINFORCED HIGH
STRENGTH CONCRETE

COLLEGE : K.L.E. SOCIETYS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
& TECHNOLOGY, BELGAUM.
GUIDE : DR. RAJKUMAR V. RAIKAR
PROF. V. D. GUNDAKALLE
STUDENTS : LAXMI MALSHET
VIKHYAT S. KATTI
APURVA GAONKAR
SADASHIVA G. AWATI

Introduction
The soft computing tools find scopes in various fields
of engineering as they reduce human efforts and
errors. The present study aims at the use of the
Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to predict the
strength parameters of High Strength steel Fibre
Reinforced Concrete (HSFRC).
Nowadays, high strength concrete (M60 and above)
is being used in many applications like tall buildings,
bridges, marine structures, airports and power plants
and etc. But the major drawback of high strength
concrete is that, its brittleness increases with
strength. This drawback can be overcome by
providing short, discreet and randomly distributed
fibres in concrete. Such high strength concrete with
fibres is called High strength fibre reinforced
concrete. The fibres suitable for reinforcing the
concrete have been produced from steel, glass and
organic polymers. Naturally occurring asbestos fibres
and vegetable fibres such as jute are also used for
reinforcement. Incorporation of fibres in concrete has
been found to improve several properties of concrete
viz. crack resistance, impact and wear resistance
and fatigue resistance.
Earlier many investigations have been carried out on
fibre reinforced normal strength concrete. However,
few studies are being done on the strength
33
rd
parameters of HSFRC. Hence, the present study
aims to investigate the effects of steel fibres on
strength parameters (Compressive strength, flexural
strength, split tensile strength) of high strength
concrete.
Objectives
The present study aims at the prediction of strength
parameters of high strength fibre reinforced concrete
using the Artificial Neural Network. It includes:
1. Casting of high strength steel fibre reinforced
concrete specimens with M60 grade concrete,
using 25mm, 38mm, 50mm and 80mm length
corrugated steel fibres.

2. Testing of specimens for compressive strength,
split tensile strength and flexural strength.

3. Designing ANN architecture for modelling the
test results using Neural network tool box of
MATLAB software, which help in prediction of
strength parameters.

4. Development of regression models for the
strength parameters of HSFRC and comparison
of results with ANN models.
Methodology
Materials: The ingredients used to cast HSFRC
specimens are: Cement, Sand, Aggregate, Fly ash,
Plasticizer Conplast SP 430, corrugated steel
fibres.
Standard specimens like cubes, cylinders and beams
were casted with the various lengths of steel fibres
and the volume of fibres varied from 0 to 2.5% in
intervals of 0.25%. These specimens were tested for
their compressive strength, split tensile strength and
flexural strength. The experimental results are used
to develop ANN and regression models. The table
given below gives the range of experimental data:
For ANN modelling, amongst 44 data set, 33 were
randomly selected for training and remaining 11 were
used for testing. The inputs used in the model were
fibre length and fibre volume and the outputs
obtained were compressive strength, split tensile
strength and flexural strength. The ANN architecture
having single hidden layer with number of neurons
varying from 1-18 were attempted to fit model. Also,
the regression models were developed for the three
strength parameters. The following figure represents
the typical architecture of ANN used in the study:

Results
The experimental data of the tests conducted on
HSFRC are used for the analysis. Out of 44
experimental data, 33 data are used for training and
remaining 11 data are used for testing. The
dependency of strength parameters S of HSFRC on
various parameters is given as
) ( , f f L V f S
where V
f
= Volume of fibres; and L
f
= Length of
fibres.
The neural network was trained with an MSE goal
level of 0.001. The training parameters, such as
learning rate and momentum constant, were kept
constant at 0.5 and 0.85. The numbers of neurons in
the hidden layer were varied from 1 to 18. The
optimum number of neurons in the hidden layer
considering both performance level and correlation
coefficient is 16. The correlation coefficient (R
2
)
between the ANN predicted strength parameters and
experimental value is 0.999. The following table
furnishes the values of R
2
and standard error
between experimental and ANN model values for
training, testing and the total data.
The comparison of strength parameters predicted by
ANN and regression models.
Conclusions
The following conclusions are drawn from the study:
The compressive strength of HSFRC increases
proportionally with the volume of steel fibres from
negligible value to 19% with 2% of 50mm fibres.
The increase in compressive strength with
volume of fibres is maximum up to an aspect
ratio of 65. However, beyond 65, the percentage
increase in compressive strength decreases.
The increase in split tensile strength is from 5%
to 80% with volume of steel fibres.
33
rd
The increase in flexural strength is from 5% to
90% with volume of steel fibres.
The ANN model with 2-16-3 architecture is found
to predict the strength properties of HSFRC
promisingly. Comparison of regression model
and ANN model results is found to be
satisfactory.
ANN models with 2 hidden layers of neurons can
be tried to further improve the results.
Other soft computing tools such as Genetic
algorithm (GA), Fuzzy logic (FL) and Machine
learning (ML) can be used to compare the ANN
results.
24. UTILIZATION OF INDUSTRIAL
WASTES IN THE PRODUCTION OF
BLENDED CONCRETE

COLLEGE : K.L.E.SOCIETYS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
& TECHNOLOGY, BELGAUM
GUIDE : DR.K.B.PRAKASH
STUDENTS : ANKITA. R. GOJE
BHARGAVI. MALLIKARJUN
SANDHYA. H. B
VARUNA KOTI
Introduction
It is found that production of 1 tonne of cement
releases an equal amount of carbon di oxide into the
atmosphere. This phenomenon is causing imbalance
in the environment and has resulted into global
warming. In this direction, the efforts have been
made to replace partially the cement by different
pozzolanic materials like fly ash, silica fume, blast
furnace slag, rice husk ash etc. Most of these
pozzoloans are the industrial wastes. Research work
is already been carried out on the effect of
replacement of cement by these pozzolonic materials
which are also called supplementary cementitious
materials.
When Ordinary Portland Cement is mixed with any of
the above cementatious materials it is called binary
blended cement, when mixed with any two
supplementary cementitious materials of any
combination it is called ternary blended cement and
when mixed with three secondary cementitious
materials of any combinations it is called tertiary
blended cement. When OPC is mixed with more than
three supplementary cementitious materials of any
combinations, it is called multi-blended cement. Thus
most of the industrial wastes like fly ash, blast
furnace slag and silica fume can be used in the
production of cement/concrete.
Coal is the largest fossil fuel resource of the country,
which needs to be utilized in an efficient and
environmentally sound manner. Thermal power plant
in India currently utilizes non cooking coal containing
35-40% ash. During combustion, some clinkers are
formed from the residue which drop and collect at the
bottom of the furnace. These clinkers with the help of
clinker grinder are broken down to smaller pieces
which constitute about 20% of the coal ash and are
termed as bottom ash. The finer fraction, the balance
part of the residue is carried by the flue gas in
suspension and is collected in electronic precipitator.
This finer fraction, about 80% of the coal ash is
FLYASH.
Silica fume also known as micro silica, is a byproduct
of the reduction of high purity quartz with coke in
electric arc furnaces in the production of silicon and
ferro silicon alloys. Silica fume consists of very fine
vitreous particles with surface area on the order of
20000 Sq m /Kg, when measured by nitrogen
adsorption techniques, with particles approximately
100 times smaller than the average cement particle.
The molten slag which is tapped is quickly drenched
with water, dried, and then grounded to a fine
powder. This fine powder that is produced is
commonly known as the blast furnace slag.
The use of blended cements in concrete reduces
mixing water and bleeding, improves finishability and
workability, enhances sulfate resistance, inhibits the
alkali-aggregate reaction and lessens heat evolution
during hydration thus moderating the chances for
thermal cracking on cooling.
Objectives
The main objective of this project work is to study the
strength characteristics and near surface
characteristics of blended concrete produced by
using different industrial wastes such as fly ash, blast
furnace slag and silica fume.
The study is made on binary blends, ternary blends
and tertiary blends in which 20% of cement is
replaced by the above said industrial wastes. In
binary blends study will be made on (C + FA), (C +
BFS) and (C + SF). In ternary blends study will be
made on (C + FA + BFS), (C + FA + SF) and (C +
BFS + SF). In tertiary blends, the study will be made
on (C + FA + BFS + SF). The strength characteristics
like compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural
strength and impact strength are studied. Along with
this the near surface characteristics like water
absorption test and soroptivity tests are conducted.
33
rd
Materials Used
Cement: In the experiment Ordinary Portland
Cement of 43 grade is used. Its 28-day
compressive strength is 43 MPa, initial setting
time and final setting time are 30 min and 600
min respectively.
Sand: Locally available sand which generally
falls under zone II is used. Zone II has
higher sand grain density and higher
compressive strength.
Aggregates: Locally available 12mm and down
size aggregates are used. But for the conducted
experiment we have used 10mm aggregates.
Fly Ash: Fly ash obtained from Raichur thermal
power station is used. Fly ash exhibits pozzolanic
properties or self-cementing properties.
Blast Furnace Slag: Blast furnace slag obtained
from Goa is used. Blast furnace slag accesses
free lime during hydration, it develops strong
hydraulic cementitious properties.
Silica Fume: Silica fume obtained from ELKEM
industries Mumbai is used. It is a very reactive
pozzolan.
Superplasticizer: CONPLAST SP 430 is used to
improve its workability.
Methodology
To find out the strength characteristics and near
surface characteristics of blended concrete using fly
ash, blast furnace slag and silica flume, various
experiments are carried out. Therefore the study is
mainly experimental oriented.
Conclusions
The following conclusions can be drawn based on
the studies conducted.
The binary blended concrete produced by
replacing 20% of cement by Fly Ash or GGBS
will yield higher compressive strength, tensile
strength, flexural strength and impact energy. On
the contrary the binary blended concrete
produced by replacing 20% of cement by Silica
Fume will yield lesser strengths.
The ternary blended concrete produced by
replacing 20% of cement by Fly Ash and GGBS
or Fly Ash and Silica Fume or Silica Fume and
GGBS will yield higher compressive strength,
tensile strength, flexural strength and impact
energy than the reference mix concrete.
The tertiary blended concrete produced by
replacing 20% of cement by Fly Ash, GGBS and
Silica Fume will yield higher compressive
strength, tensile strength, flexural strength and
impact energy than the reference mix concrete.
The industrial wastes like fly ash, GGBS and
silica fume can be used in concrete successfully
and cement content can be reduced. This will
help in reducing the global warming.
The following studies can be made in future with
respect to blended concrete
Behavior of blended concretes in acidic media.

Behavior of blended concretes in chloride media.

Behavior of blended concrete in sulfate media.

Resistance of blended concrete in sustained
elevated temperature

Study of shrinkage characteristics of blended
concretes.
25. CONCRETE MIX DESIGN BY
PACKING DENSITY METHOD

COLLEGE : GOGTE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,
BELGAUM
GUIDE : PROF. G.S. MANJUNATH
STUDENTS : SUJATA G. GAONKAR
NEESHA S. DEVANAL
SUJAY C. DESHPANDE
NITIN A. DESHPANDE
Introduction
This project introduces the concept of Packing
Density as a fundamental principle for designing
concrete mixes. The concept is based on the belief
that the performance of a concrete mix can be
optimized by maximizing the packing densities of the
aggregate particles and the cementitious materials.
Thus by using this Packing Density method, a
concrete mix is designed and the compressive
strength of the mix is determined.
Later the mix proportion obtained by Packing Density
method is compared with the mix proportion
designed by I.S code method for the same strength.
The effect of change in W/C ratio is also studied
alongside. Workability measurements by Compaction
factor method and Slump cone method have also
been made.
The process of selecting suitable ingredients of
concrete and their relative amounts with the objective
of producing a concrete of the required strength,
durability and workability as economically as
possible, is termed as the concrete mix design.
33
rd
Objectives
1. An attempt to design a concrete mix possessing
minimum voids. The different sizes of aggregates
are used and the workability and strength for
various W/C ratios for different paste content are
determined.
2. The theoretical mix proportion by designing the
mix by Packing Density method, the W/C ratios
and the paste content are varied to study the
strength characteristics.
3. An attempt is also made to obtain the theoretical
mix proportion for the same strength by the I.S.
code method and few corresponding trial mixes
by varying the cement content or W/C ratios.
Then the mix proportions and the corresponding
results obtained by the two methods are
compared.
Methodology
Concept of packing density: The packing density
of an aggregate can be determined directly by
measuring the bulk density of the aggregate. The
basic procedure is to mix the aggregate particles
thoroughly, place them into a container of known
volume, and then weigh the aggregate particles in
the container. With the solid density of the aggregate
particles known, the packing density of the aggregate
(the volumetric ratio of the solid in the bulk volume)
may be determined simply as the ratio of the bulk
density of the aggregate to the solid density of the
aggregate particles. The packing density so
measured represents how well the aggregate would
be packed together. From this, the voids content, i.e.
the volume of voids in the bulk volume of aggregate
to be filled up with cement paste may also be
determined (the volume of voids as a ratio of the bulk
volume is equal to 1.0 minus the packing density).
Conclusions
1. Performance, Strength and Economy of concrete
mixes could be greatly influenced by the packing
density of its constituents.

2. The reduction in water demand due to a higher
packing density would allow the use of lower
W/C ratios for achieving higher strength of mixes.

3. Better packing would reduce the permeability of
a bulk of cementitious materials and thus reduce
the possibility of bleeding of fresh concrete.

4. Higher strength can be obtained by using lower
paste contents and lower W/C ratios when
compared to I.S. method of mix design

5. It tends to produce a richer concrete mix as
compared to I.S. method of mix design.

1. As the present investigation does not include the
durability studies the minimum cement content
required for durability and minimum water
content are taken as per the mix design
procedures of I.S. method.
2. Multiple size coarse aggregate fractions can be
used for further studies to have better packing
with minimum paste content and thus increased
compressive strength.
3. Packing density method of mix design can be
modified to design a concrete mix for a given
grade of concrete.
26. PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF
CEMENT & SAND BY FLY ASH &
QUARRY DUST USING PARTICLE
PACKING THEORY

COLLEGE : SDM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND
TECHNOLOGY, DHARWAD
GUIDE : DR. S. B. VANAKUDRE
STUDENTS : MILAN KULKARNI
SHIDDALINGESH BANAGAR
BIRADAR BAPUGOUDA.B
SHARANAPPA KAVALOOR

Introduction
The field of particle packing deals with the problem of
selecting appropriate sizes and proportions of
particulate materials to obtain a compact mixture.
Control of particle packing is of major importance to
many branches of industry and science. Concrete is
generally a particulate composite consisting of inert
aggregates and chemically reactive binders and
fillers designed for specified strength.
Relative arrangement of voids (filled with air or water)
and solid particles play a vital role in deciding not only
the strength but also the transport properties and
hence control the durability characteristics. The
packing granular mixes for concrete are the degree
of how good the solid particles of the granular mixes
would fill up the volume of the concrete. It is usually
measured in terms of packing density Depending on
the size distribution and shape characteristics of the
aggregate, the packing density may vary from 55 to
85%.
Objectives
By partial replacement of cement and sand by flyash
and quarry dust, to arrive at an efficient packing of
ingredient particles with a wide spectrum of grain
sizes in which will this enhance the density, so that
both the strength and durability properties of the
concrete mix are improved.

33
rd
Methodology
Phase i: Required ingredients are collected and
tested. The standard mix proportion for M25 is
arrived by the conventional method as per IS 10262.
Phase ii: Standard mix proportion M25 considered to
replace sand by quarry dust and cement by fly ash,
by varying the ingredients to arise the optimum mix
for M25. Following are the steps followed.
Phase iii : The arrived mix proportion is used to
prepare the required optimum mix by particle packing
theory, which is as follows.
Calculation of packing densities by the methods
of loose packing and vibration packing
Casting of cubes for all the trials
Testing of cubes for 7 and 28 days compressive
strength for different packing densities.
a) The arrived conventional mix attained the
compressive strength of 23.18 N/mm
2
, 28.88
N/mm
2
and 33.18 N/mm
2
for 3, 7 and 28 days
and found satisfactory.
b) Achieved the maximum density at the 10%
replacement of cement and sand by fly ash and
quarry dust.
c) higher packing density leads to higher
compressive strength of concrete for the
replacement of 25% of fly ash and 25% of quarry
dust which leads to substantial saving of cement
and sand.
d) By replacing cement by fly ash and sand by
quarry dust results in saving of energy in the
production of cement, quarrying of natural sand
could be restricted to protect environment at
large.
Study on effect of different mix proportions of
concrete and to arrive at a suitable model to validate
the concept of particle packing theory.
27. ASSESSING THE STATUS OF
ANCIENT KALYANIS FOR
REJUVENATION IN TUMKUR
DISTRICT USING GEOSPATIAL
TECHNOLOGIES
COLLEGE : SIDDAGANGA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,
TUMKUR
GUIDE : MR. MUTTANNA.S.BALREDDY,
DR. S. G. SREEKANTESHWARA SWAMY
MR. VIJAY.U.T
STUDENTS : KARTEEK.K.G
NAVEEN .P
SANDIP PAL
RAJESH V MERWADE
Introduction
Kalyanis are traditional tank which used to store rain
water for domestic use such as drinking, bathing,
washing. These are ponds paved with stones on the
bank and gradually sloping towards the centre.
Kalyanis constructed near temples called Pushkarnis
place very important role in socio-religious and
cultural activities of Indian tradition and as storage
reservoir to supply water for temples. Apart from the
sanctity attached to them, these ponds helps to
recharge the wells in and around the area. That was
one of reason for ancient rulers to allot funds for their
maintenance.
Due to the urbanisaton most of the kalyanis have
become dump yards and become invariably orphans
resulting into the decline in their potentials. The
temple tanks to which enjoyed protection from
humans because of attracted sanctity have
disappeared in course of time.
It is in the context of the relevance of fostering
traditional rain water harvesting system (TWHS),
these remarkably heterogeneous system of water
conservation, storage and recharge exemplify
embodiment of centuries old indigenous knowledge
of hydrology, construction engineering and locally
prevalent socio-cultural practices. An emphasis to
the technical evaluations of the performance of the
existing structures and scientific revival of these
traditional rain water harvesting system is essential
so has to enhance the possibility of such sources to
cater to an ever growing population.
A proper survey is required to assess the present
status, water storage capacity along with water
qualities of such kalyanis in the state to suggest
various measures for their renovation. With this
backdrop, this study makes an attempt to assess the
present status of kalyanis and scientific measures for
their rejuvenation in different agro-climatic zones of
the state.
Objectives:
To survey and map the location of Kalyanis using
GPS technology.
To create the digital database both spatial and
non spatial database on various parameters and
hyperlink the presence photographs using
Geospatial technology.
To assess the present status, storage capacity,
Run off inflow, catchment area, siltation and
Discharge
To ascertain the status and sources of pollution
and analyze the water quality which involves the
33
rd
analysis of physio-chemical parameters of water
quality for different uses.
To study the hydrological behavior of different
kalyanis by comparing the status kalyanis of
different agro-climatic areas
To provide scientific remedial measures for
rejuvenation based on its location, physical
status, geo-hydrological status usage.
Methodology
The present study is an attempt to investigate the
hydro-geological, lithological, geomorhological status
of Kalyanis in 2 Taluks of Tumkur district by using
advanced scientific tools like Geographic Information
System (GIS), Global Positioning System (GPS) and
Remote sensing. The results of which might serve as
a first hand information on current status of tanks to
user agencies like PanchayathRaj Engineering
department, Zilla panchayath and District
administration for better Planning, Monitoring,
Evaluation and implementation of various
developmental activities to undertake the
Rejuvenation and Revival works of the Kalyanis for
sustainable development of the area. Similar data
shall be obtained for entire state and synthesized to
prepare plans for proper management, development
and utilization of the potential water resources of the
Kalyanis for multiple uses.
It is in the context of the relevance of fostering
traditional rain water harvesting system (TWHS),
these remarkably heterogeneous system of water
conservation, storage and recharge exemplify
embodiment of centuries old indigenous knowledge
of hydrology, construction engineering and locally
prevalent socio-cultural practices. An emphasis to
the technical evaluations of the performance of the
existing structures and scientific revival of these
traditional rain water harvesting system is essential
so has to enhance the possibility of such sources to
cater to an ever growing population. With this
backdrop, this study makes an attempt to assess the
present status of kalyanis and scientific measures for
their rejuvenation in different agro-climatic zones of
the state. The renovation work has six components,
that is, cleaning the inlet and outlet channels, bailing
out contaminated water, removing weeds and slush
and de-silting, spreading of clay and sand, repairing
of steps parapet wall and rearing of fish in kalyanis.
Based on the conclusions drawn on the status of
Kalyanis in C.N.Halli and Madhugiri taluks, some of
the Remedial measures have been suggested as
follows
Clean the inlet and outlet channels and bail out
contaminated water
Remove the weeds, Alga, garbage, bushes and
slush
De-silting, spreading of clay and sand
Repairing of steps, side walls, side pitching and
parapet wall
Rearing of fish in some Kalyanis
Own up the Kalyanis for proper maintenance and
security
The use of GIS involves mainly the database
creation and the map composition. The steps needed
in the GIS database preparation are given below.
Surveying and mapping the location of Kalyanis
using GPS
Creation of digital database on both spatial and
non spatial data of the Kalyanis along with
hyperlinking of photographs using GIS and
Remote Sensing.
Linking, integration and Superimposition of
different layers for Analysis- Rainfall-runoff
analysis, Assessment of Yield, Storage capacity,
water quality analysis, etc
Evaluation of Morphological and geo-hydrological
parameters to assess the status of catchment
area of Kalyanis .
To ascertain the status and sources of pollution
of tanks and analyze the quality of water which
involves the analysis of physiochemical
parameters of water for different uses such as
pH, TDS, turbidity, Electrical conductivity,
salinity, nitrates, fluorides, chlorides and others
will be measured.
Conclusions:
After intensive scrutiny it is observed that the study
area is basically composed of hard and compact
lithologies and to add to the cons the distribution of
rainfall in the state with time and space is highly
variable. Nearly 2/3
rd
of the state of Karnataka
experiences frequent drought of various intensities
and magnitudes.
28. GIS BASED RAINFALL AND
RECHARGE STUDIES AND TIME
SERIES ANALYSIS OF RAINFALL

COLLEGE : BASAVESHWAR ENGINERING COLLEGE,
BAGALKOT
GUIDE : DR. VEENA SORAGANVI
STUDENTS : BHANUPRAKASH. B. KULKARNI
NIROOP. S. CHIKKALLI
SURAJ. G. GADAD
DEEPA .V. S
The study is mainly performed in two parts. The first
part attributes to the forecasting of the rainfall and
second part indicates the study of groundwater
33
rd
recharge due to last years (2009) rainfall which is an
extreme event.
Study Area: Bagalkot Taluk is located in the
Southeastern corner of Karnataka State 161059
north and 75 420 east covers an area of 6593
sq.Kms. The major sources of employment are
agriculture, horticulture and animal husbandry which
engage almost 80% of the workforce.
Rainfall Forecasting: Annual rainfall data of 108
years is collected from various rainguage stations of
Bagalkot, Bilagi and Alamatti taluk. The rainfall data
obtained from rain guage station of Bagalkot,
Karnataka, India for the period of 17 years i.e, from
1992 to 2009. This data is used for the forecasting of
yearly and monthly rainfall of 2010. The accuracy of
the result obtained for the monthly rainfall data is
around 90% and that of yearly is around 92%.
Two forecsting models namely ARIMA (1,0,1) and
ARIMA (1,0,2) are used for annual rainfall
forecasting. Mean Absolute Percentage Error for the
model (1,0,1) is comparably lesser than model
(1,0,2),so it can be used for the further forecasting.
For monthly rainfall forecasting Model used is ARIMA
(1,2,1). The data stationarity was checked by plotting
ACF and PACF of the seasonal differenced data, and
was made stationary before applying the model. The
obtained result from the model are not comparable
with the test values. So this work or the model used
is not appropriate to predict the monthly rainfall data
exactly. Further studies are required to predict the
monthly rainfall pattern. An intervention time series
analysis can be tested the models performance in
forecasting the peak values of monthly rainfall data.
Groundwater Recharge: Ground water depths vary
according to the rainfall occurred in the region. As
per the studies regarding ground water recharge, we
collected the ground water was collected of depths of
various borewells within the study area. Last year the
rainfall and flood caused havoc in the north
Karnataka region, which is otherwise known as dry
area.
So it was intended to study the extent of groundwater
recharge due to 2009 year rainfall, which is an
extreme event.
Observation borewells are selected from the area
and the location of the borewwells are taken using
the GPS. The position of borewell points are
transferred to the toposheet using the ArcGIS
software. Pre- monsoon and post monsoon ground
water depths were measured from the 58
observation bore wells within the study area. Ground
water depths were measured in the month of march
are considered as the pre monsoon rainfall data and
the rainfall data of the month September is
considered as the post-monsoon data for the study
purpose. The contour maps of the groundwater are
prepared for premonsoon and post monsoon period
and are compared. The results indicate that, bore
well depths were observed to be increased after
monsoon which indicated that the bore wells were
recharged after the monsoon rainfall to certain
extent. The ground water depths before monsoon
and after monsoon for all the borewells and the
amount of recharge of the borewells are about 10 to
12m for the annual rainfall 900mm in the area. The
high recharge may be due to high rainfall and also
backwater storage at Alamatti reservoir in the study
area.
29. STUDIES ON FREE SWELL
BEHAVIOUR OF MIXTURES OF CLAY
MINERALS UNDER VARYING PORE
MEDIUM CHEMISTRY

COLLEGE : SRI JAYACHAMARAJENDRA COLLEGE OF
ENGINEERING, MYSORE.
GUIDE : DR K PRAKASH,
STUDENTS : AAKASH B S
ANAND C
BALAJI K S
KARTHIK H K

Introduction
Free swell studies are important as they are a
measure of the expansive nature of fine-grained soils
and help in classifying the soils based on their
expansivity. They also indicate the dominant clay
mineral probably present in the soil. Soils in the field
almost always occur as mixtures of clays as well as
non-clays. In the present study, the free swell
behaviour of pure clay mixes has been studied to
avoid the interference of coarser fractions.
Objectives
To study the effect of Dielectric constant of the pore
medium Cation concentration of the pore medium
and Valency of cation present in the pore medium
and on the equilibrium sediment volume of pure clay
minerals and their mixes.
Methodology
a) Two pure clay minerals, namely, kaolinite(K) and
montmorillonite(B), and their mixes were used in
the following proportions.
Table 1. Proportions of clay minerals in the clay mixtures
Mix designation % K % B
Mix 1 100 0
Mix 2 95 5
Mix 3 90 10
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Mix 4 75 25
Mix 5 50 50
Mix 6 25 75
Mix 7 10 90
Mix 8 0 100
a) Ten liquids namely n-hexane, n-heptane, carbon
tetrachloride, kerosene, benzene, ethyl acetate,
acetone, ethanol, methanol, Distilled water were
used to study the effect of varying dielectric
constant.
b) Eight inorganic salts, namely Potassium chloride,
ammonium chloride, sodium chloride, lithium
chloride, barium chloride, calcium chloride,
magnesium chloride, ferric chloride were used to
study the effect of cation concentration and
valency
c) The following experiments / Tests were
conducted on the clay minerals and their
mixtures:
Specific gravity, Atterberg limits, particle size
distribution and free swell tests. The free swell
studies were conducted on all mixes in both organic
liquids and inorganic salt solutions.
a) The equilibrium sediment volumes of soil mixes
have been observed to decrease with an
increase in the dielectric constant of the pore
medium up to a value of dielectric constant equal
to about 30 and then to increase with an increase
in the dielectric constant.
b) The pore media other than distilled water have
been observed to have insignificant effect on the
equilibrium sediment volumes of bentonite.
c) Bentonite has been observed to follow the diffuse
double layer theory at lower cation
concentrations. At higher cation concentrations,
the variation in equilibrium sediment volume of
bentonite has been observed to be not
significant.
d) For kaolinite, the equilibrium sediment volumes
have been observed to have insignificant
variation at cation concentration up to 1 N and
then show a small decrease when the cation
concentration is 2 N.
e) The mixtures of bentonite and kaolinite have
been observed to exhibit no definite trend of
variation with the cation concentration variation.
The effect of valency has been followed by bentonite
as per the diffuse double layer theory at lower cation
concentrations.
The effect of valency has been followed by kaolinite
as per the diffuse double layer theory.
The influence of many other parameters connected
with the pore medium chemistry, such as dipole
moment, cation concentration, cation valency etc.
needs further investigation.
30. A STUDY ON FEASIBILITY OF
DIVERSION OF NETHRAVATHY
WATER BY PROVIDING GARLAND
CANALS

COLLEGE : NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING,
MYSORE
GUIDE : DR. R.YADUPATHI PUTTY
STUDENTS : BADHARINATH.B
VILAS KULKARNI
SUBHAS WADDATI
MURALIDHAR S.
Introduction
Nethravathy is one of the largest of the west flowing
rivers in Karnataka. Nethravathy has a length is 103
km, with a catchment area of 3222 km
2
. Based on
the ambition of people of the central drought prone
areas of Karnataka, diversion of Nethravathy into the
basins of Hemavathy and Bhadra is in talk for over
two decades. Sri G.S.Paramashivaiah, a retired. SE
of Irrigation Department has proposed a scheme by
planning the way the water can be diverted and to be
used. After a thorough study, Sri
G.S.Paramashivaiah (G.S.P) has proposed a few
Garland canals to carry the excess water from west
to east by gravity. Garland canals are the canals
which collect water from western slopes of the
Western Ghats range and bring it by gravity to east.
Out of three garland canals proposed by Sri
G.S.Paramashivaiah, Garland canal No-1: in the
Kumaradhara river sub basin is considered for the
present study.
Objectives
The Study is to investigate the feasibility of diverting
west flowing rivers using Garland Canals. A small
length of the canal No.1, proposed by Sri.G.S.P is
considered for investigating the Hydrological
feasibility of the said diversions and the yield is
worked out
Methodology
The methodology consists of following steps
1. Tracing the canal alignment;
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2. Delineation of the various catchments and their
land cover;
3. Developing the special variation of infiltration
rates over the catchment;
4. Estimation of rainfall values and their temporal
distribution over the catchments,
5. Calculation of runoff and yield into the garland
canal;
6. Comparison of the estimated yield with the
expected yield and concluding on the feasibility of
garland canal;
Rainfall, Infiltration and Estimation of Run-off
Three rain gauge Stations are considered for
calculating the rainfall and runoff. The Theissen
polygon method is used to find out the station
influencing each of the various catchments dealt
within this study. The theissen polygon shows the
nearest stations to each catchment and hence,
rainfall at the corresponding stations is used in
estimating the runoff and yield from the various
catchments.
The present study is to investigate the amount of
yield available in Garland Canal proposed by Sri
G.S.P. Since the proposal is to tap only the direct
catchment, the area draining directly in to the canal
and to avoid all streams, the runoff can be expected
to get generated mainly on the grassed scrubby land
as infiltration excess overland flow. In such a case,
the volume of yield can be estimated as the product
of the area of the catchment and the surface runoff.
Within each range the total rainfall is distributed
among the prevailing member of intervals, assuming
that rainfall intensity varies linearly. Some small
adjustments are necessary. The details of methods
used for distributing the annual rainfall into 15 min
depth are given in the report and are not furnished
here.
The average surface runoff obtained in a particular
catchment areas is multiplied with respective
catchment areas to get the volume of surface runoff,
in terms of TMC ft.
The total catchment area above the canal stretch of
45.00 km is 25.69 km
2
. Of this the total stream
catchment area is 19.50 km
2
. Hence only 3.19 km
2
of
catchment area feeds canal directly. The streams,
their catchment and land use corresponding to
various rain gauge stations.
Stream runoff and direct runoff are calculated for all
the catchments.
Conclusions
1. As per Sri G. S. Paramashivaiah, the total yield
expected from the garland canal for a length of
234 Km is 35.88 TMC, whereas the total yield
calculated from the study is 3.38 TMC.
2. The above huge difference in yield of water is
due to the non consideration of infiltration rates in
the region by Sri.G.S.P who is of the opinion that
there will be no infiltration in the region as the
surface will be saturated due to the continuous
rainfall in the western ghat region, during
monsoon.
3. The total yield as specified by Sri G.S.P, may be
obtained if the stream waters are tapped
4. A few diversion canals need to be provided for
diverting stream water into the garland canal.
Further studies may be carried out on the above
aspect, before such a scheme is implemented.
31. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE
EVALUATION STUDY ON LEACHATE
GENERATION AT MUNICIPAL SOLID
WASTE DISPOSAL SITE PUTTUR
TOWN DAKSHINA KANNADA

COLLEGE : VIVEKANANDA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &
TECHNOLOGY, PUTTUR (D.K)
GUIDE : DR. B.T. SURESH BABU.
STUDENTS : MANJUNATH N
SUMAN C.R
YOGESH BABU M.V
MAGESH V

Introduction
To control the leachate generation and its safe
disposal is of great importance to environmental
engineers to control ground water pollution problems
and also in ground water supply system. Increase in
land disposal of variety of waste has promoted an
interest in the study of liquid and mass transport
through the soil strata below dumping sites. To know
the condition of subsurface hydrology and to
evaluation of quantities and qualities of leachate
generated at disposal site is studied in this project.
Methodology
Leachate drainage system is responsible for the
collection and transport of leachate collected inside
the impermeable liner (PVC). The generated
leachate is collected separately and treated in
primary and secondary sedimentation tank. Here
more than 80% of the settleable solids can be
removed. The remaining supernate liquid is disposed
off on to the surrounding agricultural land. To
evaluate the quality and quantity of leachate
33
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generated from this landfill site is analyzed in this
study. Leachate samples are collected at an interval
of 20 days for 4 times in pre-monsoon. Samples
were analyzed for various parameters like pH, EC,
TDS, TSS, T-alk, TH, Ca, Mg, Cl, SO
4
, Na, NO
3
, Fe,
K, BOD
5
and COD. The quantity of leachate
generating per day is also determined at site.

Collection of ground water samples at landfill site
Leachate generated from landfill is a complex
effluent, which contains several organic and
inorganic compounds, heavy metals and many other
soluble compounds. However even after the
necessary treatment provided at site, the treated
effluent is disposed off on to nearby agricultural
lands. To evaluate and study the status of ground
water quality, existing near the disposal site, several
ground water samples are collected from open wells
(4 nos.) and bore wells (6 nos.) and analyzed for
drinking water quality parameters like pH, EC, TDS,
T-alk, TH, Ca, Mg, Cl, SO
4
, Na, Fe, NO
3
, K and
BOD
5
. Water samples are collected at an interval of
20 days for 4 times in pre-monsoon season.
Results
The results of leachate analysis obtained in the
laboratory is presented in tabular and graphical form,
along with typical composition of leachate.
785.45
l /day
785.45
l /day
720 l /day
3024
l /day
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
1 2 3 4

Bar chart showing the quantity of leachate generation
at disposal site
Results of leachate samples analysis: It is
observed that from the results, the quantity of
leachate collecting is ranging from 720litres/day to
3024liters/day. The quantity of leachate generated is
high in monsoon season, during fourth sampling in
the month of April. Any how in rainy season the
quantity of leachate generated is more compare to
pre-monsoon and is much diluted. The results of
qualitative analysis of leachate obtained on various
parameters.
Results of ground water analysis : Totally 10
samples, 6 samples from bore wells and 4 samples
from open wells, are collected from various identified
sub surface water sources in and around disposal
site in a radial distance of 300m to 500m. Quality of
water is analyzed for various parameters like pH, EC,
TDS, TSS, Turbidity, Total alkalinity, Total hardness,
Ca & Mg, Sulphate, Potassium, Dissolved oxygen
and BOD.
Results of various parameters analyzed for
ground water samples : It is observed that 30-40%
of the total waste generated from various categories
of living standards is plastic, paper and glass called
inorganic type, and upto60% of the total waste
containing organic waste like food waste, vegetable
waste, peelings, etc. it is suggested from the
analysis, the organic and inorganic waste should be
separated at the source point itself land can be used
for preparing the valuable compost
Conclusion
Generation of leachate is more in rainy season
(during monsoon) than pre-monsoon.
Collection of leachate and treatment methods
(preliminary treatment) adopted is not quite
sufficient and requires further treatment to
reduce the TDS contents
Separation of solid waste components is very
much necessary before the disposal of municipal
solid waste.
Compaction of solid waste with soil layer is not
sufficient since it allows the leachate to percolate
to the bottom.
Food waste or organic matter must be separated
from the solid waste at the source point of
generation before its collection.
The concentration of COD is very much higher
than the BOD indicates leaching of more quantity
of organic and inorganic substances.
Proper drainage and slope is to be maintained in
the site for diversion of rain water.

33
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COMPUTER SCIENCE AND
ENGINEERING
32. PHOTOSHOP FOR ANDROID SMART
PHONES

COLLEGE : ACHARYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,
BANGALORE.
GUIDE : MR. SURESH PATEL,
STUDENTS : AKSHATHA M
ASHITHA BHANU H S
NAYANA URS B N
PAVITHRA B
Introduction
The main aim of this project is to introduce an
application for editing photos in Smart Phones based
on Android operating system. Android is a mobile
Operating System running on a Linux Kernel. It
allows developers to write code using JAVA
programming language, controlling the device via
Google developed JAVA library.
Android includes a SDK that provides a wide range
of libraries and tools for Android Application
Development. The SDK provides a complete set of
tools to design the User Interface for an application
and to develop and debug application code.
Android offers various features to create inventive
and modern mobile applications. Android
applications are written in JAVA programming
language. This application will be tested using
Emulator since the cost of android mobiles is very
high.
Objectives
Building photo editing software for Android Smart
Phones.
Understanding Android software development tool
kit.
Understanding the operations of Mobile
Emulators.
Methodology
This application is mainly built on Android Operating
System. Android is a mobile Operating System
running on a Linux Kernel. It allows developers to
write code using JAVA programming language,
controlling the device via Google developed JAVA
library.
Android includes a SDK that provides a wide range
of libraries and tools for Android Application
Development. The SDK provides a complete set of
tools to design the User Interface for an application
and to develop and debug application code.
Android offers various features to create inventive
and modern mobile applications. Android
applications are written in JAVA programming
language.
Photo Shop is one such application to spice up the
pictures on the mobile phones. Improve your photos
with color corrections, and adding special effects
text.
It provides a complete efficient solution for editing
images on Android powered device. To make this
project cost effective emulator is been used to run
this application.
The design and implementation procedures of
developing a photo editing software using
Android SDK.
Detailed understanding of Android Software
Development tool Kit.
Understanding the operations of Mobile
Emulators.
Creations of virtual android disks.
Creation of SD card for uploading the images.
Editing of photos by adding few effects like Grey
Scale, Saturation, Warmify, Flip Horizontal, Flip
Vertical, Cool Effect, Contrast, Brightness,
Rotate Left, Rotate Right, Tint, Sharpen,
Negative, Embossing, Drag Image, Mesh, Hue,
adding text. All these features implemented in
this project can be easily done based on the
features selected by the user.
33. RECOGNITION OF JEWELRY
OBJECT FROM A GIVEN IMAGE

COLLEGE : BLDEA'S V. P. DR. P. G. HALAKATTI COLLEGE
OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY,
BIJAPUR
GUIDE : PROF. DAYANAND .G. SAVAKAR
STUDENTS : FASIHA ANJUM ANSARI
ARUNA C. YARANAL
NINGAVVA Y. WALIKAR
HUMERAFATIMA ALURKAR
Introduction
Image Identification and classification plays an
important role in the field of Remote Sensing, Image
analysis and pattern recognition. This work is to
identify the jewelry from the given image. The
problem is to process images of selected type of
jewelry items and extract the features from the
samples based on RGB, HSV and texture, develop a
33
rd
suitable model using ANN to identify the jewelry
items accurately. a total of 18 color features and 24
texture feature of the image are use for their work.
Its a challenging job to develop a system which can
recognize a jewelry item with high accuracy, since it
has vast applications like usage in jewelry shops for
recognizing different jewelry items with different
design, it can also be used for searching the lost
jewelry and producing its owner by the police
authorities.
In this project work totally eight type of jewelries are
taken, in which ten different item of each type of
Jewelry. First the image acquisition process is done
in which images of jewelry item is acquired
maintaining some constraints using Nikon D-40
camera. The feature extraction process is carried out
using Color features and GLCM texture features. For
each jewelry item we are calculating 18 Color
features and 24 GLCM features. The feed forward
back propagation neural network is used for training
,testing and identification. The out come is to identify
whether the given image is jewelry or not and which
type of jewelry item it is.

Methodology :
The figure below explains the methodology in detail.

The jewelry images are taken and their color and
texture features are extracted and saved in a text file.
After feature extraction there are two phases
involved. First phase is the training phase where in
the network is trained using ANN and a
knowledgebase is created which is further used in
testing. The second phase is testing phase where in
whenever a new image of a jewelry occurs first its
features are extracted and compared using the ANN
and knowledgebase. And finally the result displayed
whether the image is identified or not, if identified
then the name of the jewelry is displayed.

34. HIGHLY SECURED MAILING SYSTEM

COLLEGE : CANARA ENGINEERING COLLEGE,
MANGALORE.
GUIDE : MR. PRAVEEN DESAI
STUDENTS : NAMRATHA SHENOY

Introduction
The main objective is to make the e-mail system
more secure. Nowadays e-mail is the most common
source of communication used in any kind of data
transfer or sending a message. Hence it is necessary
for e-mail systems to provide basic security to its
users.
The proposed system assigns a unique password to
each of the e-mails being sent. This provides higher
levels of security, as no one other than the person
possessing the authorized mobile phone can access
that e-mail.
Every e-mail sent has its own password, this makes
it more secure. Since the password is directly sent to
the receivers mobile through sms, it cannot be
known to anybody else. In this system, the password
is generated by certain sessions, which take the
current date and time and creates a unique password
each time.
The functional requirements for the administrator are
a) Needs to manage all the user accounts
b) Needs a user friendly interface to send, receive,
view, delete users mails and provide higher
security by sending the security key via SMS
c) Needs to update the database simultaneously
d) Needs to secure the system and authenticate the
users of the system
e) Should be able to allot the host to the user in
such a manner that only a specific user is
allowed to use specific account
The functional requirements for the User are:
a) Should be able to login to the account using the
user id and password as registered by him during
sign up
b) Needs to own a cell phone in order to receive the
security key assigned to his mails
c) Entry of mobile number is mandatory during
registration
d) Should be allowed to send mails only to the
registered users
The non functional requirements are as follows
a) Product requirements
The product should be platform independent
and user friendly
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rd
High speed LAN or internet connection is a
must
Unregistered users are not allowed to use this
mailing system
The product should be easily portable.
b) Organizational requirements
The programming language used is C# and the
GUI has been implemented using Visual Studio
2008.
Once logged into the account using a password, as
in the case of other mailing systems like yahoo, gmail
or hotmail; in order to use the functionalities in the
system the user has to use different passwords every
time as per the requirement.
The password generated by system is sent to the
account owners cell phone. Every time the user tries
to open the same mail he has to enter the same
password referring to the password received by him
in his cell phone in the form of a message. Security is
provided in this system by all possible ways.
Conclusion
This system provides security in all the levels such
as system level and email level. The modules were
created and the functionality was implemented. The
project was tested in many ways to check whether all
the modules run properly and the end result is
provided to the user.
The major threat proposed by existing system that is
hacking the account is been rectified in this system.
Hence increasing customer satisfaction and attaining
customer reliability. Database used for HSMS is one
of the most efficient databases provided, increasing
the efficiency of the system.
35. RETINAL AUTHENTICATION

COLLEGE : HIRASUGAR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,
NIDASOSHI
GUIDE : MR. DAPTARDAR A.A.
STUDENTS : VIJAY PRAKASH SHETTY
SHIVALEELA ANAND MAHAJAN
LORENE WILINDA PINTO
MADEEHA MAJEED
Introduction
To overcome the problem in this polling system, a
new technique of polling which uses computers for
conducting the polling, called RETINAL
AUTHENTICATION, is introduced. In the proposed
system the voter retina is matched with stored retinas
if match found then that voter is allowed to vote.
This is the era of computer and automation. The
manual method of polling that is what our present
day polling is time consuming and long process
method and the declaration of the results is also
delayed.
Objective
The main objective of the project is to provide
secured voting system, the other objectives are:
To Achieve Secured System.
To reduce Time.
To eliminate proxy polling.
Methodology

Results &Conclusions
1. This voting system mainly has the following
advantages like-Scalability (can be used by
many people), Speed, Audit and Accuracy.
2. The proxy polling process is totally eliminated in
this system,
3. This is one of bio-metric methods, this novel
method of retinal authentication has 100%
accuracy and can be used in high end securities.
36. KANNADA CHARACTER
RECOGNITION

COLLEGE : JSS ACADEMY OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION,
BANGALORE
GUIDE : MR. ARJUN M M
PROF. KAMLESH V N
STUDENTS : VISHWAAS M
PAVAMANA N R
PRANAV B D
NACHAPPA A.P
Introduction
Handwriting character recognition has always been a
challenging and interesting task in the field of pattern
recognition. Many feature extraction technique and
classification algorithms have been proposed in
recent years. The main business and industrial
applications of character recognition in the last forty
33
rd
years have been in form reading, bank check reading
and postal address reading. By supporting these
applications, recognition capability has expanded in
multiple dimensions: mode of writing, scripts, types of
documents, and so on. The recognizable modes of
writing are machine-printed; hand printed, and script
handwriting. Feature extraction method includes
Template matching, Deformable templates, Unitary
image transforms, Graph description, Projection
histograms, Contour profiles, Zoning, Geometric
moment invariants, Zernike moments, Spline curve
approximation and Fourier descriptors. Different
methods like neural network Support vector
machines, Fuzzy logic based HCR are reported for
the recognition of handwritten cursive words.
Most of the work has been done on English,
Chinese, and Arabic script and only little work on
Indian scripts. Hence, these motivated the taking up
of the work on totally unconstrained handwritten
Kannada character recognition. Recognizing south
Indian characters especially that of Kannada
characters is really very interesting and provides
challenges in the field of document image processing
due to complex orthography present in the scripts.
1. There are about 250 basic, modified and
compound character shapes.
2. The Structures of the characters have very
complex orthography.
3. Kannada script is an inflectional language.

Objective
Lack of OCR softwares for Kannada, pointed out by
Kannada Ganaka Parishat. Both the static and
dynamic forms of OCR problem for Kannada to be
addressed. The software is as competent as the
commercial grade OCR applications that are
available for English, wherein a lot of work has
already been put in over the years, and the following
benefits are offered:
a. Used mainly to scan and preserve historical
documents.
b. Used to convert scanned documents into
searchable text.
c. Used in obtaining the scanned data at the
minimum time, with greater ease.
d. Used in mobile applications or other application
to convert the dynamically written character to
text format.

Methodology
Characters are accepted by allowing the user to draw
into a high resolution box. Unfortunately, this
resolution is too high to directly present to a neural
network. To alleviate this problem we use the
techniques of cropping and down sampling. By using
these two techniques, the image can be transformed
in to a second image that is much lower resolution.
Once the image has been entered, it must be
cropped. Cropping is the process by which extra
white space is removed. The program automatically
calculates the size of any white space around the
image. Then a rectangle is plotted around the
boundary between the image and white space. Using
cropping also has the effect of removing position
dependence. It does not matter where the letter is
drawn, since cropping causes only the part of the
input area actually used is considered.
Once the image has been cropped, it must be
downsampled. Downsampling is the process by
which a high resolution image is transformed into a
lower resolution image. To downsample the image
the high resolution is broken up into a number of
regions that is equal to the number of pixels in the
downsampled image. Each pixel in the downsampled
image is assigned to the average color of the
corresponding region in the high-resolution image.
The resulting downsampled image is then fed to
either the training or recollection process of the
neural network. The Kohonen neural network used in
this project has a number of input neurons that is
equal to the pixels in the downsampled image. The
neural network has a number of output neurons
equal to the number of letters that the application is
to recognize.
Results
1. In offline character recognition once the dataset
is preloaded with the signatures for characters,
tolerance levels are tested by writing the
characters in different ways.
2. This phase includes testing each character with
15 different handwritings. By this approach rate
of each character is known and try improving the
efficiency when the hit rate is less is tried.
3. In offline character recognition when there is a
miss its because kohonen neural network maps
the character to the best winning neuron,
sometimes when you tend to write characters
with similar strokes you might end up in a miss.
To resolve this we need to train. The neural
network as much as possible to get a better hit
percentage.
4. Testing of online system is carried out in the
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same way as offline system. But however in
online system more than one signature for a
single character depending on the different ways
a person can write that character.
5. By this may be needed the hit rate can be
increased and make the system more efficient.
The online system has a good fault tolerance
since the character is correctly identified even if
the signature doesnt match exactly. This is done
by printing the next best matched signature when
there is no perfect match.
37. UNICODE BASED PEOPLE SEARCH
PORTAL USING INDIAN LANGUAGES

COLLEGE : MALNAD COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING,
HASSAN
GUIDE : DR. K.C RAVISHANKAR
STUDENTS : PRAJNA HEGDE
SAHANA C
SONY K

Introduction
Linguistic search behavior is an individuals thought
processes during their search query. It is how people
manually type keywords or phrases to retrieve and
find information, products and services online.
Search behavior by a potential customer is not clear-
cut and distinct. It is an involved and downright
complicated process to implement for maximum
FINDABILITY and VISIBILITY of the product and
services online. And what adds to this difficulty is
language. Identifying, assembling and
implementing the diverse query techniques of
phrases or keywords may be an exhaustive job for
common man because of their poor hold on English
language. Using a regional language is a feasible
solution for this problem. However India is a
multilingual nation and each state has its own
regional language. In such a scenario there is a
strong need for localizing information. The project will
provide a platform to common man for using the
search engine efficiently.
Objective
Language reflects the culture of a certain community.
It has its own nuances that impede the flow of
meaningful communication. Language is a barrier in
the internet business as internet users also include
non-English speakers. With this fact, non-English
speakers tend to use search engines with their own
regional language.
Methodology
The multilingual people search engine works by
storing information of different persons using different
languages in the database, which they retrieve later
on the specific request. Storage of data by means of
multi-language in the database is made possible with
the use of Unicode that are understood by the
browsers. Unicode provides a unique number for
every character, no matter what the platform,
program and language.
When the user inputs the keyword for search, the
contents of each page is analyzed to determine the
index/key word (for e.g., words are extracted from
the titles, headings or special fields). The interface
will provide the user with the choice of selecting a
language. On doing this, a virtual keyboard for the
desired language will be displayed to assist the user.
User is provided with the option to add, update or
delete the database and to search for a persons
detail. The first three options updates the database,
however deletion and searching persons details
require a thorough search of the database. An output
screen with the suitable result will be displayed for
the selected option
It supports five main Indian Languages like
Kannada, English, Hindi, Tamil, Telugu. This is
one kind of language extensibility feature.
Duplicate eliminations are done with care.
Results in hierarchical database design. The tree
diagram is as shown below.
Hence it is possible to include different state
databases. In addition to this all peoples
photograph will be included.
Better Graphical User Interface (GUI) is provided
corresponding to each of the language that will
be selected.
Extensive Searching Criteria
for e.g. In kannada searching is performed in
an alphabetical order (based on Vyanjana)
This feature is provided for remaining four
languages also
Instead of having separate database for each of
the language, single
Central database is maintained with multiple
language interfaces. So this in turn avoids the
unnecessary wastage of memory and time to
Maintain separate databases.
It is not confined to a single consistency rather
being designed to be made applicable to all
consistencies.
Results & Conclusion
The project Unicode Based People Search Portal
provides a highly interactive user friendly GUI based
software tool. This project is helpful in providing the
common people a platform to use a search portal in
their local languages (specially Kannada, Hindi,
Telugu and Tamil). This system is easy to
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understand and access. It is simple to use with an
appealing interface.
The flexibility of the software allows for the
enhancement to meet timely changing needs of the
user. It can be further enhanced and used in different
regional languages. The search can be made more
efficient by providing a translator which can be used
in translating the information provided and searching
the whole database for the desired output. This portal
enables the feature of duplicate elimination which is
one of the major needs which has been satisfied by
this portal.
38. ADBUSTER - A COMMUNITY BASED
AD BLOCKING TOOL

COLLEGE : SRINIVAS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,
MANGALORE
GUIDE : MS. SUPRIYA T.S.
STUDENTS : KIRAN SHET
ROHITH SHENOY G.
NABEEL MEHFOOZ
WAQID MUNAWAR VOLLI

Introduction
The Basic Objective of Ad-Buster is to lock unwanted
and undesirable advertisements on web pages when
a web page and hence reducing the page loading
time and download traffic. the user is able to block
new ads or unblock ads. The aim is to Provide an ad
free browsing experience with no distracting content
on the web page, namely advertisements, which
consume traffic and drown the effectiveness of the
main content of the website.
Generally, when a user types in a URL into the web
browser, the browser forwards this URL to the
Domain name server which resolves its address and
then sends back the server IP to the browser. The
browser then makes direct connection to the server.
To facilitate the blocking of ADs, an intermediate file
called the hosts file used to map the URL to IP
address. Here, the AD server URL,s are mapped to
the local host for the AD contents. Upon, not finding
the contents, it effectively block the ADs from being
downloaded. Another feature of AD-Buster is the
ability to share advertisement definition (List of AD
server URLs) anonymously. this allows users to
block ads that other users have already blocked
without any extra work. sharing of the definition
allows for a mutual benefit between users of the
programme.
This project is aimed at enhancing the user's internet
browsing experience by Reducing the time taken to
load web pages via blocking advertisements that hog
precious Bandwidth. It also ensures a safe and
secure browsing session by restricting insecure and
Inappropriate content from being downloaded and
displayed on the web page with time. faster loading
of pages and saving of time is achieved.

ELECTRICAL AND
ELECTRONICS
39. REAL TIME AUTOMATED LOAD
SHEDDING FOR POWER LINES

COLLEGE : ACHARYA POLYTECHNIC BANGALORE
GUIDE : SUMA .T.M
STUDENTS : K.DINESH
ANIL.U
RAMPRASAD G.INGALE
LALITHA.G
Introduction
The power consumption is increasing day by day.
Load shedding is a method by power supply board to
minimize the consumption of power. With the help of
this system the process of load shedding of power
lines can be made automatic. The whole process is
controlled by the microcontroller 89c51 and the real
time clock (RTC) PCF 8563 which runs in real time.
Here the user can feed the different timings (ON and
OFF) for the different power lines, and then
according to the entered timings the microcontroller
connects and disconnects the power lines
Automated load shedding system is achieved
through real time.
Objectives:
To device a system for Real Time Automated load
shedding for Powerlines
Methodology
Functional Block Diagram:

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Materials used:
8051/89c51Microcontroller, Real Time Clock-PCF
8563, Serial EEPROM, 16*2 LCD, 4*4 Matrix,
Keyboard, Relays, Software: Kiel micro vision
Operation
a) Real time clock PCF 8563 is used to monitor the
time which can be interfaced with the
microcontroller and it runs in 24 hours format.
b) User has to enter the ON and OFF time for each
and every line which will be stored in the
microcontroller memory. Then Microcontroller
reads the time from the RTC and will be
checking with the entered timings. If ON or OFF
the particular accordingly.
c) Relay driver is used to drive the relay connected
across the power lines and they are switched
ON and OFF to connect and disconnect the
loads from the power lines according to entered
ON and OFF time.
Result and Conclusions
The load shedding can be done according to
time.
Can maintain time limit for load shedding.
Turn ON and OFF the load simultaneously at the
same time
Turn ON and OFF the load at the different time.
Since Microcontroller controls the whole system,
if any fault occurs in it, the whole system fails.
In this project the load shedding is mainly by using
Microcontroller and in future GSM Modem (Group
Special Mobile) can also be added so that this
automated operation can be controlled from far away
places.
40. ENERGY AUDIT: DEMAND SIDE
MANAGEMENT OF AIT CAMPUS

COLLEGE : ADICHUNCHANAGIRI INSTITUTE OF
TECHNOLOGY, CHIKMAGALUR
GUIDE : MRS. A.M.LEELA
MR. K.N. THILOTHAM
STUDENTS : AMITH.C.S
GIRISH.K.V
SAFANA
LOKESH.T.M

Introduction
An energy audit is a preliminary activity towards
instituting energy efficiency programs in an
establishment. It consists of activities that seek to
identify conservation opportunities preliminary to the
development of an energy savings program
An energy audit is a preliminary activity towards
instituting energy efficiency programs in an
establishment. It consists of activities that seek to
identify conservation opportunities preliminary to the
development of an energy savings program.
Demand side management
Demand side management is the process of
scheduling load usage to reduce electricity use
during peak load periods.This generally means
increasing the electricity consumption during off peak
periods.The goal of such a program is to maintain,as
nearly as possible,a constant level of load,there by
allowing the system load factor to approach 100%.
Objectives
This energy audit assumes significance due to the
fact that the AIT electricity bill had crossed Rs. 21
lakhs during the year 2009 .And it was aimed at
obtaining a detailed idea about the various end use
energy consumption activities and
identifying,enumerating and evaluating the possible
energy savings opportunities.The target is to achieve
savings in the electrical energy consumption by
Demand side management techniques.
Methodology
The Methodology adopted for this project are,
Load survey.
Load shape objectives.
Monitoring and evaluation : suggestions
Awareness program by poster campaign.
1. Load survey.
Total Connected loads:
Devices Connected load
in KW
Fluorescent lamps + Incandescent
lamps + Compact Fluorescent lamps
45.4
ACs 70
Fans 26.06
PCs 164.48
UPS 140
Machines 231.23
Transformers 52
Projectors 16.25
Printers and scanners 11.38
Street lights 12.58
TOTAL 769.38
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2. Load shape objectives: It includes daily load
curves obtained by taking hourly readings.
3. Monitoring and evaluation : suggestions by
monitoring daily load curves, suggestions are given
to shift the labs in order to bring energy balance.
4. Awareness program by poster campaign : For
the energy conservation , the poster campaign was
conducted to bring the awareness among the
students and the staffmembers for the better
utilization of power.
DSM in its various forms is an important tool for
enabling a more efficient use of the energy resources
available.Thus DSM can offer significant economic
and environmental benefits.Opportunities may exist
to take advantage of special tariff rates by changing
load profiles orentering into contractual agreements
with the utilities. It is therefore important to market
DSM programmes to show potential customers their
life cycle benefits and the techniques - often quite
simple for reducing demand.
The audit was also aimed at giving us a feel of the
practical problems and difficulties in carrying out
energy audits.
41. STUDY OF ENERGY CONSERVATION
OF AIT CAMPUS BY ENERGY AUDIT

TECHNOLOGY, CHIKMAGALUR
GUIDE : MRS. A.M.LEELA
MR.B.H.KRUPAL
STUDENTS : SHILPA R.M
VARSHA.G.V
SHWETHA.C
RAJINIKANTH H.S

Introduction
The energy audit of AIT academic area was carried
out by the students of the Department of Electrical
and Electronics Engineering as a part of the course
work for the project.
Objectives
This energy audit assumes significance due to the
fact that the AIT-CHIKMAGALUR electricity bill had
crossed Rs.21 lakh during 2009, and it was aimed at
obtaining a detailed idea about the various end use
energy consumption activities and identifying,
enumerating and evaluating the possible energy
saving opportunities, study of energy conservation
methods. The target is to achieve savings in the
electrical energy consumption. The audit also aimed
at giving the students a feel of the practical problems
and difficulties in carrying out energy audits.
Methodology
It consists of a 250KVA transformer. The sanctioned
load from KPTCL to our college is 150 KVA.Due to
the unbalanced load conditions total load
consumption crosses the sanctioned limit.
The methodology adopted for this audit is:
Survey of the facility and collection of data which
includes lighting loads, fan loads, computers,
printers, pumps, air-conditioning etc.
Preparation of single line diagram.
Data Analysis:- sufficient data has been built up,
A pictorial representation i.e., pie chart is made
to indicate the share of different forms of energy
in the total consumption. A graphical trend will
give an immediate insight into the pattern of
consumption may be possible to pick out the best
set of figures which can be used as a target for
future years.
Identification of areas with high potential of
conservation:
Identification of energy conserving ways by
which energy wastage can be minimized.
Estimation of energy saving potential.
Preparation of Preventive maintenance chart.
Energy audit report:- the energy audit is
completed, the entire analysis is presented in the
form of an energy audit report for practical
implementation to achieve energy conservation
and some energy saving tips.
It is observed that, there is an imbalance in the
distribution of power .It is also seen that loads on all
phases are not equally distributed. There is a peak
formation during afternoon sessions compared to
morning hours. Due to this, a total load exceeded the
maximum demand limit as sanctioned by KPTCL to the
college. This results in a heavy fine up to 30,000 /- per
month along with the monthly electricity charges.
By using energy efficient star rated equipments can
conserve energy and by proper shifting of time table it
can reduce overloading on phases.
By replacing present lighting system at suitable
location with the suitable retrofit option it can
save upto 4%.
By replacing present CRT monitors with the LCD
monitors we can save upto 10KW.
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Regular preventive maintenance will results in
savings due to an increase of effective system
service life.
Installation of Energy meters in all blocks.
Resizing of cables, switch gears.
42. DESIGN, MODELING & ANALYSIS OF
THYRISTOR CONTROLLED
IMPEDANCE TYPE FACTS
CONTROLLER

MANGALORE
GUIDE : DR. NAGESH PRABHU
MR. RAGHUVEERA H.
STUDENTS : ADITYA NAYAK
VEDAVYASA KAMATH
VINAYA NAYAK

Introduction
In a power system, the power transfer capability of
power transmission network is a function of the end
voltage, the voltage angle difference and the
reactance between the two ends. The power flow in
the typical transmission system is affected by the
three parameters i.e. (voltage, power angle and
impedances). The problem of under-utilization of AC
transmission network and increasing the
transmission loading close to there thermal limits can
be alleviated by the use of Flexible AC transmission
system (FACTS) controllers. Also restructuring in
electric utilities pose challenges in secure system
operation which can be met by the introduction of
FACTS controllers in appropriate location to control
power flow in network while maintaining stability.
The use of emerging FACTS Controllers in power
transmission network enables the routing of power
thought the desired transmission path in steady
state. The FACTS controllers can also be controlled
in such a way as to improve transient stability;
damping of power swings and subsynchronous
Resonance (SSR).
Series of long transmission lines is an economics
solution to the problem of enhancing power transfer
and system stability. However series compensated
transmission lines connected to the turbo generator
can result in SSR leading to shaft failure. The advent
of FACTS controllers using high power
semiconductors has made it possible to use these
controllers in conjunction with fixed series
compensation, not only to improve system
performances, but also to overcome the problem of
instability.
Objectives
Rapid control of reactive power and voltage
profile using series and shunt connected
controllers.
Secure loading of lines close to their thermal
limits.
Improve power transferability, transient stability
and dynamics stability during fault switching, etc.
Regulation of power flows in prescribed
transmission routes.
Secure loading of lines nearer their thermal
limits.
Damping of oscillations which can threaten
security or limit the usable line capacity.
Advantages
Improved steady-state system performance.
Improvements in system transient or dynamics
stability.
FACTS controller require minimal maintenance.
Increase the system security.
Reduces power system oscillations.
Methodology
The entire power system along with the TCSC is
modeled.

Single Line Model of TCSC

Results

Comparison of Source current I
S
and thyristor current I
T
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Conclusion
The use of emerging FACTS controllers in power
transmission network enables the routing the power
through the desired transmission path in steady
state. The FACTS controllers can also be controlled
in such a way as to improve power transfer capability
and protection against over-voltage.
43. ELECTRIC FIELD ANALYSIS OF HIGH
VOLTAGE PORCELAIN INSULATOR

COLLEGE : M. S. RAMAIAH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,
BANGALORE
GUIDE : PROF V KRISHNA
STUDENTS : MONIKA P. MAITHREYI
OMMIE SALMA
POOJA BELAD
SULTHAN NASIRUDDIN AHAMED

Introduction
Measurement of electric field distribution along
insulator lengths has been the subject of many
investigations. A large number of electric field
calculation programs do exist that are based on
different calculation methods, such as FDM (Finite
Difference Method), FEM (Finite Element Method)
and CSM (Charge Simulation Method). However, the
major obstacle to obtain the reliable results is the
uncertainty involved in the parameters describing the
surface condition (boundary condition) of an
insulator. Computation of electric field and voltage
changes can be accurately achieved by commercially
available software provided that correct input data
are provided. Billings and Storey were among the
first investigators to use numerical techniques to
compute the voltage distribution on insulators. They
provide valuable information on local changes and
their correlation to observed phenomena and
measured quantities. Presently an attempt has been
made to study electric field distribution on clean
porcelain insulators using commercially available
finite element software
Objectives
Electric Field calculations are not common practice in
the design and development of ceramic insulators for
high voltage transmission applications. This project
applies electric field analysis to calculate the field
distribution of three types of insulators (420kN,
210kN, 160kN) subjected to both test and service
voltages. The high voltage fields can cause damage
to insulator due to corona discharge in transmission
lines. With the help of package called ANSYS
multipurpose finite element method package,
computer simulation can be done for the phenomena
occurring both inside and outside of it. In addition, to
the above insulators are subjected to routine tests to
verify the soundness of the material composition and
design before product dispatch. Using the same
package ANSYS, simulation can be done to test the
porcelain for electrical soundness. The computer
simulation results can verify the data obtained during
actual insulator operation on laboratory tests, which
makes it possible to do suitable adjustments at the
design stage in order to include some innovative
solutions, operational features, improvements as well
as to get some economical advantages resulting
from them.
Methodology
1. The single insulator profiles are loaded to the
voltages they are subjected to at the time of
routine flashover tests conducted before they are
dispatched to the customers.
2. Multiple insulator profiles are loaded to the
voltages they are subjected to during their
service in the transmission lines to check if the
electric stress is to an acceptable level.
The following simulation procedure is employed for
both the cases.

The single disc insulators manufactured by BHEL-
EPD are subjected to routine tests to clarify the
electrical soundness of the design and the material
before it is dispatched to the customers. The test
voltages for these tests are set by the Indian
Standards.
The analysis of insulator string is carried out for 23
and 35 in number with and without the corona control
ring. Corona control ring is a large metallic ring
surrounding the bottom most unit and is connected to
the metal work at the bottom of this unit.[10] The ring
screens the lower unit thereby improvising the
potential distribution. The ring is used along with an
arcing horn fixed at the top end of the string. This
assembly serves the purpose of an arcing shield and
protects the insulator string from damage due to over
voltages in the system.
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Result of Single Insulator

Type of
Insulator
Applied test
Voltage
Max stress
at Pin edge
(kV/mm)
Stress at porcelain
and cement
junction (kV/mm)
Type A 200 31.92 6.264
Type B 142 22.73 5.682
Type C 106 18.08 5.166

Result of String of Insulators

Number of
Insulators
23 35
Type of
insulator
With CC
Ring
Without
CC
Ring
With CC
Ring
Without
CC
Ring
Type A 8.2 11.5 - -
Type B 9.76 13.64 7.684 12.885
Type C 8.95 13.19 8.34 10.68
Modeling insulators with assemblies, conductors
other phases and support Structures. Also the
insulators with different shed diameters and
different shapes of end fittings can be modeled
and studied.
Depending on geometrical considerations we can
use other methods/softwares to simulate the
same. Besides, 3D solution can also be obtained
and compared with actual photographs in field.
A similar simulation may be carried out for wet
and polluted insulators. The effect of physical
damage to the insulator may also be studied.
Insulators of different materials such as glass or
composite can also be studied.
44. LUMASS (LOCALIZED UNMANNED
AERIAL SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM)

COLLEGE : SHIRDI SAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE,
BANGALORE
GUIDE : MR. S SUDHEER
STUDENTS : PRANAV U
MALLIKARJUN K YELAGI

Introduction
LUmASS is commercial cum defense unit aimed at
aerial surveillance. The project incorporates a
wireless spy camera for the visual surveillance, a
drop mechanism (disaster management kit) for
scenarios like crowd management, accidents and
disasters like floods, earthquakes etc.Its
customizability enables it to be available at low cost.
The best feature of LUmASS is that it can be
controlled from a remote area. Thus even in perilous
conditions like floods, earthquakes, major fire
breakouts there is little or no threat to the rescue
teams.
Objectives
To demonstrate LUmASS about its the applicability
of an unmanned aerial vehicle for the civilian
situations.
Methodology
Wireless Camera: The wireless camera is a CMOS
camera transmitting the live feed in conjunction with
a wireless transmitter operating at a frequency of
2.4GHz. The receiver is kept at the base station. The
video cable from the receiver is given to the monitor
that then displays the live feed received by the
receiver.
Disaster Management Kit: The disaster
management kit is a drop mechanism controlled by
servo mechanism. The servo is connected to channel
6 of the RC receiver and thus can be remotely
controlled. This feature can be incorporated in
situations like floods, crowd control, medical
assistance etc.
Flight of a plane basically depends upon the design
of the wings of the plane. The flight is governed by
the Bernoullis Principle which is stated as follows,
Airplanes fly as a result of Bernoullis principle, which
says that if air speeds up the pressure is lowered.
Thus a wing generates lift because the airs goes
faster over the top creating a region of low pressure,
and thus lift.
LUmASS demonstrates the various functionalities
and applications possible on an unmanned aerial
vehicle. It gives live feed via camera mounted,
perform the drop action.

ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
45. REAL TIME VEHICLE TRACKING &
MONITORING SYSTEM USING GPS &
GSM.

COLLEGE : CHANNABASAVESHWARA INSTITUTE OF
TECHNOLOGY, TUMKUR
GUIDE : MR. JYOTHI PRAKASH K.V.
STUDENTS : SUMANTH B. H.
ABISH KUMAR Y
PAULSON MATHEW
SRINIDHI T.G
Introduction
The vehicle tracking system uses an active GPS
tracking system which is also known as a real-time
system as this method automatically sends the
information on the GPS system to a central computer
or system in real-time as it happens.
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The location of the vehicle is tracked by a GPS
module, the required information is processed using
Renesas Controller and the information is transmitted
to the receiver by using a GSM module. The GSM
module is found to be the best and a secure method
for transmitting. The received data from the GSM
module can be stored on to a server using software
packages and the necessary information can be
transmitted to the logistic dept and customer via
SMS.
Thus, this project presents some of the applications
of the GPS in Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems
(IVHS), like improving trip reporting, travel time
studies, guidance, tracking, monitoring, reliable
navigation, precise positioning & speed.
Objectives
To have better real time monitoring of the vehicle
any time and any where in the world.
Reliable vehicle activity database management.
Methodology
The system consists of Transmitter section and
receiver section.
Transmitter Section

GSM Module: It is used as a transmitter used to
transmit the required information over cellular
network in a secured manner using SMS.
Fuel Sensor: The sensing unit usually uses a float
connected to a potentiometer. As the tank empties,
the float drops and slides a moving contact along the
resistor, increasing its resistance.
Renesas Controller: It takes input from GPS and it
also takes input from fuel sensor, I/O device and
processes the data according to the information
received and has control over all the peripherals. It
sends the processed data through GSM. This
includes fuel monitoring, trip time, real fuel
consumption, site of the vehicle and other
information.
Receiver section: The receiver consists of a GSM
based remote server which receives the data from
GSM transmitter. The message sent by transmitter is
decoded by the GSM receiver which is connected to
a data base server via interfacing unit.

GSM basesd remote server
The advantage of a data base server logger is to get
a detailed report of the vehicle activity in real time
and allows dynamic scheduling.
This project can be the most cost-effective
solution for vehicle tracking, fuel monitoring and
vehicle fleet operation analyzing, the location of
the vehicle is tracked by this proposal.
Vehicle tracking system can be easily installed in
the vehicles.
These systems can also increase the productivity
of transportation and logistics service providers
to a great extent.
This GPS navigation and tracking devices can
also be extended for agriculture purpose where it
can automatically lead a tractor to plow perfectly
straight furrows where the seeds are planted.

46. COST EFFECTIVE TRANSPORT
BABY INCUBATOR FOR RURAL
HEALTH CARE

COLLEGE : G.M. INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,
DAVANGERE.
GUIDE : SMT. TEJASWARI T.
MS. MAMATHA
STUDENTS : APARNA U.
BASAVARAJU N. PATEL
DEEPA CHIKKAMATH
MANJANAIK C.

Introduction
Premature are babies prior to the normal 36 or 37
weeks of gestation within the womb, which is not in
normal state due to condition of unhealthy
atmosphere. Infant born baby temperature, with
unhealthy condition like jaundice, because of
inadequate nutrition and improper care when in
mothers womb. To care such babies and bring them
to normalcy, special chambers called INCUBATORS
are adopted. An incubator is an apparatus used to
maintain environmental condition suitable for a
neonate (newborn baby). It is used in preterm births.
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rd
Often such conditions are seen in rural areas which
are remote from proper diagnosis of mother during
pregnancy leading to unhealthy labor. to overcome
such pity conditions of both mother and infant and to
provide with fear-free early treatment medical
components , like warmers / incubators are used for
retaining normalcy. In some emergency situations, it
may be necessary to transfer a neonate to another
site for this we use TRANSPORT BABY
INCUBATORS where the infant is transported calmly
and quietly.
Any change in the living area can be disturb a fragile
infant, even if it is for a very short duration. such
chambers must be so designed that it must be
economical, easily accessible and usable. Therefore
to build cost effective system, a near-ideal design is
put forward in hope and view of providing must
needed action and care for relief especially for rural
people.
Objective
Transport incubator is designed with portable
oxygen cylinder and batteries back upto maintain
the temperature.
Along with the conventional temperatures
sensors and controllers, models will have the
provision of solar energy absorbers allowing the
heat to be convected through the incubator
system.
Facility of embedded hot water jacket underneath
within an enclosive where steam can provide
adequate warmth required.
For the maintenance of oxygen concentration,
model will have easy operating
electromagnetically activated oxygen pumps,
which can be run by simple switching
mechanism.
Conclusion
After successful completion of the design the
transport baby incubator has been demonstrated in
real time. The developed incubator is useful and
convention for easy nursing and transferring of
infants to help them make an earliest recovery. The
design being taken up keeping in mind the death of
infants and causes while transferring from one place
to another. To control the stress upon basic situation
of the rural and remote population who are obviously
short of emergency clinics in case where a baby born
premature is left undiagnosed leading to a more
critical situations and chances of death. To easily
handling of the system as it has continuous monitor
of the temperature inside the chamber and gain/loss
of body weight facilitating the care-taker to
appropriately set the temperature levels in
accordance with variations in weight and age on an
regular basis and decide over the food patterns.
47. I-SERIES BLOOD BANK
REFRIGERATOR

DAVANGERE
GUIDE : MS. KALPAVI C.Y
MRS. TEJESHWARI T
STUDENTS : ABHISHEK R
KOTI NAIK R
MURALIDHAR B
NETHRANAND K.S
Introduction :
This is an microcontroller based I-series refrigerator
that monitors the stocks in it and automatically places
the order to the super market so that it looks to that
the required materials are present in the refrigerator.
This project is mainly focused on designing an
intelligent refrigerator which finds out the stock of the
material present in it and then automatically places
order for the nearest online shop via GSM, if the
stock is below threshold.
Methodology :
This system uses pressure sensors that monitors the
stock level of the items in the refrigerator. It employs
sensors below each item in the fridge and if any item
is removed the microcontroller comes to know about
that and checks that with the threshold level and if it
is below the threshold level then it immediately
places order to the supermarket through the GSM
that is connected to the microcontroller. This unit is
also having LCD display unit for user interface.
The flow diagram of the I-Series Refrigerator is as
follows, which indicates Communication between
them.

Embedded system requirements:
89C51 Microcontroller
LCD Display
RFID reader with tags
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rd
GSM for communication
I-Series Refrigerator with pressure sensor
Software requirements :
Keil compiler
Embedded C Programming Language
Advantages :
1. Completely automatic control through micro
controller.
2. No extra accessories are required as it uses
gsm.
3. As this system uses online payment via
credit/debit cards.
Applications :
Industrial control
Medical systems
Military storage units
Market (Provision stores)
ATM systems
Conclusion :
The above-proposed project, which is based on the
GSM technology and is very useful. The I-series
refrigerator it can be used in residential as well as
commercial area for managing stocks.
48. A NOVEL PITCH PERIOD DETECTION
ALGORITHM BASED ON HILBERT-
HUANG TRANSFORM

COLLEGE : KALPATARU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,
TIPTUR
GUIDE : MR. RUDRESH M. D.
STUDENTS : VASANTH SHANBHAG
MANJUNATHA G.C
RAVI D.E
GURURAJ B.G

Introduction
The main purpose of speech signal is for
communication. The message information is
converted into neural signals to perform a sequence
of gestures and the end result is acoustic waveform
which contains information.
Pitch period of voice signals has been a very
important parameter in speech processing
applications, such as speech analyzing, coding,
recognition and speaker verification, pathological
voice analysis etc. Basically, most of pitch detection
methods are based on the assumption that speech
signal is stationary in short time, but the reality is that
speech signal is non stationary and quasi-periodical,
it will sometimes induce detection errors. Hilbert-
Huang Transform method has been adopted
because its applicable for all type of signals and it
gives result much sharper than any of traditional
analysis method. It reveals true physical meanings in
many of the data examined. As an important
parameter in the analysis and synthesis of speech
signals, pitch period information is used in various
applications such as: Speaker identification and
verification, Pitch synchronous speech analysis and
synthesis, Linguistic and phonetic knowledge
acquisition, Voice disease diagnostics.
Objectives
The objective is to determine pitch period using novel
HHT method. The novelties are.
Hilbert-Huang Transform using EMD.
Calculation of instantaneous frequency,
amplitude and time which help to plot Hilbert
spectrum.
Computing the instantaneous energy and
determining its threshold value.
Methodology
The Hardware and Software requirements: Intel
Pentium-4 or AMD processor with 1.6 GHZ speed or
higher configuration systems with 512 MB RAM and
40 GB HDD, 680 MB of minimum HDD space is
required for MATLAB, Headphone with MIC to record
human voices.
Wave surfer 1.8.5 or higher version, MATLAB 7,
Windows XP or Higher Version Operating system.
Pitch Period:

Conclusion
A novel event detection pitch detector is presented,
in which HHT is employed to locate the instant at
which the glottal pulse takes place. Then the pitch
period is detected accurately by measuring the time
interval between two glottal pulses. Experiments
show encouraging detection results. The main
advantage can be concluded as follows. It is
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rd
necessary to assume that the pitch period is
stationary within each segment. Despite that
segmenting the speech signal before the detection is
carried out, it is just for the purpose of saving CPU
time. Theoretically, the algorithm is applicable to the
speech signal with any length.
Quadratic spline method can be used for
interpolation; they offer a good balance between
simplicity and smoothness. Higher order splines
result in the continuity of higher order derivatives,
which is desirable for many applications.
49. IDENTIFICATION OF DISEASE USING
FEATURES OF LEAVES IN RUBBER
PLANTATION

COLLEGE : KVG COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, SULLIA, D.K
GUIDE : MRS. M. N. BINDU
STUDENTS : RAMYA R NAYAK
SINDHU KASHYAP A
SUSHMA B S
SANDHYALAKSHMI K

Introduction
The project aims at building a technique with the help
of image processing to identify such diseases and
also provide the user with the details which
comprises of the symptoms, causes, precautions and
remedies for the identified disease. To implement
this idea, rubber plant leaves has been chosen. The
study distinguishes between healthy and unhealthy
rubber leaves and further identifies the disease of the
unhealthy leaf. This especially helps the budding
rubber growers to identify the disease affecting their
plantation and take control measures to keep their
rubber trees healthy. Since the details of the
identified disease are also displayed, the grower can
be aware of its source of origin, symptoms, and the
precautions to be taken.
Objective
There are many diseases in plants that can be
identified through changes in their leaves. This
project aims at building a technique with the help of
image processing to identify such diseases by
extracting various features like color, shape, texture
features and provide the user with the details which
comprises of the symptoms, causes, precautions and
remedies for the identified disease.
Methodology
Initially, the image of the sample leaf is captured by
using a digital camera with good resolution say 7
Mps or above or a digital scanner and processed .
The values obtained for this image are compared
and matched with the reference images value; the
particular disease is thus identified. In case the
sample leaf image does not match any of the
reference images, it is considered as unidentified
disease. Here, unidentified means that disease is
not stored as reference in our database.
Once the disease is identified, the database displays
information relating to the identified disease. The
information includes the cause of the disease, its
symptoms, and the precautions to be taken and the
cure to the disease thus helping the user.

It will mainly deals with texture feature extraction
where in texture features like energy, contrast,
entropy, skewness are entracted. After
experimentation we found that for the healthy and
corynespora affected leaf a large variations in
values of energy and contrast is present. The values
of energy and contrast is compared with threshold
value set and detected as healthy or corynespora
affected or unhealthy. The threshold of energy and
contrast are 0.2900 and 0.0475 respectively. If the
value is below the set threshold it is healthy or
otherwise it is corynespora affected.
In the testing part it was tested whether the given
input is healthy, Corynespora affected or disease
not identified. The tested result will be displayed in
the GUI screen along with the input image.
The developed system can classify the digital rubber
leaf images through simple image processing
techniques. This project presented simple software
for classification of leaf image into healthy,
corynespora affected and unidentified. The
(combined shape, color and) texture features are
used to classify leaf into healthy and unhealthy. This
system gives complete detail about the identified
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rd
disease thereby making the rubber grower aware of
disease. This can be extended to classify more
diseases and also for many other plantations and
can be a boon for the agriculturists.
50. KANNADA CHARACTER
RECOGNITION - AMELIORATION
FOR HANDWRITTEN TEXTS

COLLEGE : M. S. RAMAIAH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,
BANGALORE
GUIDE : K. INDIRA
STUDENTS : SUSHIL BALAN S
JOSEHPH MATHEWS V

Introduction
Research activities, in the recent past have involved
OCR systems for printed text of Kannada. Yet
venturing out into character recognition of
handwritten matter is a totally contrasting genre
altogether.
Objective
It is merely a matter of conceptualization that stands
between our possession of a fully fledged optical
character recognition for Kannada scripts. While
developing a system for printed Kannada scripts may
not be an arduous task altogether, a challenge
manifests itself while tailoring this system for
handwritten scripts too.
The predicted optical character recognition for the
Kannada language heralds the emergence of
cherished manuscripts and chronicles in digital
format. It is pivotally crucial for the survival of any
culture or heritage that its literature be available in an
electronic form, not only for its propagation, but also
for its erudition.
Methodology
Scanning: This is the initial step of the process
during which samples are collected from various
sources. The samples collected are primarily of two
types:
An A4 size paper containing random handwritten
Kannada text To ease segmentation it is
ensured that the lines are not skewed or at
different angles to each other. However due to
human waver, perfection cannot be achieved
A set of vowels and consonants are to be added
to the database for training as well as testing.
Two categories of samples are as follows:
The first set of samples are being collected from
engineering students of the age group 20 21
who are well aware of the intricacies of the
Kannada script.
The second set of samples is being collected from
students of secondary and high school who knows
Kannada.
Conclusion
Proposed Two stage and single stage connected
algorithm has been tested on many handwritten
Kannada text containing as much as 700 words with
varying fonts sizes.
In sample 1 break within characters were observed.
There were many situations when vertical line gaps
were absent between letters. For sample 2 an
accuracy difference of almost 7% is observed
between both the methods. The reason for single
step connected component method having lesser
accuracy is attributed to tops of consonants not being
connected properly to the main part. Contrary to
sample 2, sample 3 shows 7% greater accuracy for
the single step method. The reason for this can be
attributed to the presence of many Vatthu pixels
above 50% from the base of the line, hence affecting
the sequential character recognition. Sample 4
shows poor accuracy due to lack of continuity of ink
flow, leading to an unacceptable amount of disjoint
characters which are split into sub parts.
Future Work & Scope
Due to varied spacing between letters and words, an
actual word will not always be recognized as an
entirety. Many sub words will exist after word
separation. Often single letters get classified as
words. To ameliorate the success rate in this area a
new algorithm is proposed. For each line the length
of the gaps between letters and words may be
collected. This data is analyzed to decide the
threshold which has to be set beyond which the gap
is considered to be that between words.
51. REAL TIME MULTIPURPOSE PUBLIC
INFORMATION SYSTEM

COLLEGE : RNS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,
BANGALORE
GUIDE : DR SANDYA S
STUDENTS : SUHAS DHANYA
BRIJESH R
ADISHESH G IYENGAR
ANUP B GOUTHAM
Introduction
The main aim of the project will be to design a SMS
driven automatic display toolkit which can replace the
currently used programmable electronic display. It is
proposed to design receive cum display toolkit which
can be programmed from an authorized mobile
phone. The message to be displayed is sent through
a SMS from an authorized transmitter. The toolkit
receives the SMS, validates the sending Mobile
Identification Number (MIN) and displays the desired
information after necessary code conversion.
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Objectives
The project aims at automating dissemination of vital
information to the public in real time. The proposed
system makes use of the already existing
commercial GSM networks to suitably update public
display systems which will be placed at vital
locations. These display systems will be updated and
controlled by a central server (a gateway), which
would respond to pre-defined commands from
authorized users. These display systems can provide
vital information to people during times of crisis or
natural disasters.
Applications
Disaster Management:
Real-Time Traffic Management:
Media and Advertising:
Real-Time updating of commodity cost:
Methodology
The main objective, as stated before is to spread
relevant information in a time bound manner. This
can be achieved by placing display modules at
strategic locations across the city. Each display
module is connected to a GSM transceiver module
which is used to suitably update the message that is
being displayed on the screens.
Authorized users can update the display system by
sending a SMS in an appropriate format. The GSM
module receives the sent SMS and the program in
the micro-controller decodes the SMS, extracts the
contents of the SMS and converts it to form suitable
for display on the screen. The drivers of the screen
are then used to actually display the message on the
screen. The power supply module provides adequate
and quality power to the set-up at the required
voltage levels.
The system uses the already existing commercial
GSM networks and no expense will be involved for
setting up a network as such. The advantage gained
by using GSM is that display systems can be placed
and updated at any remote location where
commercial GSM network of any service provider
exists. Also, the cost of SMS is negligible and once
the infrastructure is set up, the cost of updating the
display is virtually zero and the system needs no
maintenance as such.
Conclusion
The prototype of the GSM based display toolkit was
efficiently designed. This prototype has facilities to be
integrated with a display board thus making it truly
mobile. The toolkit accepts the SMS, stores it,
validates it and then displays it in the LCD module.
The prototype can be implemented using commercial
display boards and solve the problem of instant
information transfer in the campus.
52. REAL TIME AUTOMATIC LICENSE
PLATE SEGMENTATION AND
RECOGNITION SYSTEM / ONLINE
LICENSE PLATE RECOGNITION
SYSTEM

COLLEGE : SIDDAGANGA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY.
TUMKUR
GUIDE : DR. R SRIKANTASWAMY,
STUDENTS : ARJUN G
ARJUN MAKAM T V
SOWMYA M V
VIMARSH GOWDA M K

Introduction
With the rapid growth in the number of vehicles,
there is a need to improve the existing systems for
identification of vehicles. A fully automated system is
in demand in order to reduce the dependency on
labour. One method to identify vehicles would be to
identify the vehicles license plate number as such
numbers uniquely distinguish each vehicle. License
plate recognition (LPR) uses image processing and
character recognition approaches to identify vehicles
by automatically reading their license plates.
By simply enouncing, one can imagine a wide range
of applications, starting from parking access to
vehicle management, automatic toll collection as well
as traffic surveillance and public security. In all the
cases mentioned above, one will deal with a series of
problems, mainly consisting of requirement for real
time processing, various illumination conditions,
inclined license plates and in motion vehicles. Also,
there is a clear absence of standardization in license
plates and the fonts used for characters in the same.
This poses challenges for character recognition. With
these issues, license plate recognition system
continues to be an interesting topic for researchers.
On line license plate reading is a particularly useful
and practical approach because, apart from the
existing and legally required license plate, it assumes
no additional means of vehicle identity. This means
that there is no need to add transmitters or special
signs to the vehicles, which in turn results in savings
towards the implementation of the system.
The focus in this work is to experiment and develop
an efficient algorithm for On Line License Plate
Recognition for vehicle identification. Two main
image segmentation stages are identified in this
application. First, it is necessary to locate and extract
the license plate region from a larger scene image.
Second, having a license plate region to work with,
the alphanumeric characters in the plate need to be
extracted from the background so as to deliver them
for recognition stage.
In order to identify a vehicle by reading its license
plate successfully, it is necessary to locate the plate
in the scene image provided by some acquisition
33
rd
system (e.g. still camera). The captured image is
very large, while the region of interest (in this case a
license plate) may account for only 10% of the image
area. Also, the input to the following segmentation
and recognition stages is simplified, resulting in
easier algorithm design and shorter computation
times.
The segmented license plate contains besides the
characters, also redundant spaces and other
undesirable elements. These unwanted elements
should be eliminated prior to attempting for
classification of alphanumeric symbols. As previously
mentioned, license plates contain characters with
different fonts and sizes causing recognition failure.
To obtain better discrimination between characters
and non-character pixels in the license plate image, it
becomes necessary to employ additional heuristics.
It is important, however, to keep the dimensionality of
the feature space low, to ensure the quick processing
times expected from a true LPR application.
Methodology
License plate recognition (LPR) algorithms for still
images or videos are generally composed of the
following four processing steps:

Image acquisition refers to the digitization and
storage of image of a vehicle.
License plate detection and extraction
involves segmentation of license plate region
from the image.
Character segmentation involves extracting
individual characters from the segmented license
plate.
Character recognition is the last step where
individual characters are recognized with suitable
feature extraction techniques.

Conclusion
An Online License Plate Recognition System has
been developed and tested. Spectral Analysis
approach and Connected Component Analysis
approach are generally used for license plate
extraction. It is found that when these techniques are
used individually, they failed. However, fusion of both
Spectral Analysis and Connected Component
Analysis gives better results. The colour based
segmentation improves the reliability of the system
when combined with above said approaches for
yellow coloured license plates. Thus fusion of various
approaches improves the performance of the system
in extraction of license plate from the rest of the
image. Using Hough and Affine transformation
techniques, the skewed or rotated license plate were
also segmented successfully.
A comparative analysis of PCA, LDA and SVM
feature extraction techniques for character
recognition is made in this work. It is found that SVM
classifier gives better recognition accuracy. In any
pattern recognition system, the database used for
training play an important role in obtaining better
recognition accuracy. When the system was trained
with different fonts and several samples per class,
better recognition accuracy is obtained. Prior
knowledge of sequence of characters in license plate
and syntactical analysis reduce errors in recognition.

ENVIRONMENTAL
ENGINEERING
53. RECOVERY OF COPPER FROM
ELECTROPLATING SLUDGE USING
CEMENTATION METHOD

COLLEGE : VIDYA VADHAKA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING,
MYSORE
GUIDE : Dr. H. S. DAYANANDA,
STUDENTS : SUDHARANI. M
MANJUSHREE. P
ARSHIYA BANU
ANWESH C. C
Introduction
Generally, waste minimization can be achieved
through recycling and reuse. This technique can
have application across a range of industries and
manufacturing processes, and can apply to both
hazardous and nonhazardous wastes.
Triton Valves Ltd., is an Electroplating Industry
located in Belavadi Industrial area on Hunsur Road
connecting Mysore and Mercara. This Industry
produces rubberized brass valves for tyres and
acessories. The raw materials used are alloy of brass
and zinc, brass (combination of 60% of Cu & 40% of
zinc) is used for manufacture of air valve. It has a
effluent treatment plant and has the capacity of
treating 43m
3
/day of wastewater. The sludge
produced per month is 700 Kg. The sludge produced
by this industry contains multi-heavy metals such as
Cu, Ca, Cr, Ni, Zn, Pb. The industry is presently
facing the problem of sludge disposal, which is
voluminous with a very high metal concentrations.
Among the various heavy metals, the concentration
of copper is high and hence an attempt is made to
recover copper from the sludge by cementation
method for reuse.
In this metallurgical coating process, iron (or) steel
rods are immersed in a cyanide-free, electroplating
waste solution containing multi heavy metals and
nitric acid solution with continuous rotation of pieces
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rd
of iron heated to a temperature below the melting
point for copper recovery by cementation.

Objectives
The main objective of this research work is to seek
extraction of Copper from Electroplating sludge
containing multi-heavy metals using cementation
technique.

Methodology
Determination of physico-chemical character-
ristics of electroplating sludge
Acid digestion of electroplating sludge
Determination of initial concentration of Copper
in the raw sludge using Atomic Absorption
Spectrophotometer
Carrying out Cementation Process for different
dilutions of acid and different duration of time
Determination of final concentration of Copper in
the raw sludge using Atomic Absorption
Spectrophotometer for different dilutions and
different duration
To evaluate the maximum recovery of Copper for
given dilutions and duration of time
Keeping the above facts in view, an attempt is being
made to recover Copper from electroplating sludge
containing multi-heavy metals using cementation
technique.
54. TREATMENT OF ORGANIC
CONSTITUENTS AND NUTRIENTS OF
DOMESTIC AND DAIRY EFFLUENT
USING SBBR TECHNIQUE.

COLLEGE : VIDYAVARDHAKA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING,
MYSORE
GUIDE : ROOPA PRIYA J. K.
STUDENTS : SOWMYA M. N.
MAHESH KUMAR M.
SHALINI S.
Introduction
The water scarcity is fast becoming predominant
around the world. The answer lies in multipronged
approach is available for water resources need to be
utilized judiciously at the same time restoring to
recycling and wastewater treatment. From
economical and operational point of view, biological
treatment has proved to be a robust and most
efficient way of treating biodegradable wastewater.
Sequential Batch Biofilm Reactor (SBBR) is one of
the good example for biological wastewater
treatment process which can efficiently achieve
simultaneous nitrification and denitrification along
with effective removal of organic and nutrient
constituents.
Objectives
A study is conducted on characterization and
treatment of domestic and dairy effluent. Treatability
studies are conducted in a bench scale SBBR model
namley.
To carry out laboratory scale SBBR studies with
different organic loading rates to treat domestic
and dairy effluent.
Study the SBBR system for treating various
influent parameters COD, BOD, N, P and
Ammonia.
Application of microorganism to degrade organic
matter.
Also to compare the efficiency of SBBR in treating
different types of effluents such as domestic and
dairy effluent.
Methodology
The present study involves, a laboratory bench scale
work, carried out to evaluate the efficiency and
effectiveness of Sequential Batch Biofilm Reactor
(SBBR) having anaerobic and aerobic conditions in
treating the Domestic and Dairy wastewater by
varying the organic loading rates (OLR).
The effective removal of nutrients mainly nitrogen
and phosphorous is achieved by simultaneous
nitrification and denitrification. The wastewater
samples for the experimental work were collected
from Sewage Treatment Plant, Vidyaranyapuram,
Mysore and Mysore Milk Dairy, Siddarthanagar,
Mysore. These wastewater samples were analyzed
for BOD, N, P, COD and Ammonia.
The materials involved in the present study are 2
plastic reactors used as SBBR for treating Domestic
and Dairy effluent (Working Volume 3L). Inert
material namely polyurethane foam media was used
for the attachment of biomass along with suspended
biomass.
In prior to start up of the SBBR operation for treating
the Domestic and Dairy effluent, firstly the two
reactors were filled with 1L of seeding material which
was prepared by using cow dung sieved through 320
micron sieve and synthetic wastewater of about 200
mL. Then the continuous aeration was provided by
using diffused aerator for the EBPR sludge
enrichment with regular addition of synthetic
wastewater until VSS/TSS ratio reached a value of
0.8 (achieved at the end of 28
th
day). After the
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rd
enrichment of sludge the biofilm media of about 10%
of the total working volume was added into the
reactor.
SBBR operation process was carried out by varying
the OLR, where in the variation in OLR was brought
about by adding the distilled water with sample in
ratios of 1:4 (0.096 kg/m
3
/day), 1:1 (0.196
kg/m
3
/day), 3:4 (0.424 kg/m
3
/day) in case of Dairy
wastewater and similarly 1:4 (0.024 kg/m
3
/day),
1:1(0.08 kg/m
3
/day), and 7:10 (0.196 kg/m
3
/day) for
Domestic wastewater. Also highest OLR of 0.524
and 0.297 kg/m
3
/day was obtained for raw Dairy and
Domestic wastewater.
The SBBR was operated in cycle/day having 5
stages namely feed, Anaerobic, Aerobic, Settle and
Decant. Each cycle of operation comprised of 30 min
for feed, 16 hr anaerobic phase, 6 hr aerobic phase,
1 hr settle and 30 min for decant respectively. The
supernatant samples at the influent, end of anaerobic
phase and end of aerobic phase were collected and
analyzed for the parameters such as COD, BOD, N,
P and Ammonia.

In the present study, the performance evaluation of a
bench scale SBBR model is carried out for treating
Domestic and Dairy wastewater. The efficiency of
SBBR in treating different parameters like Nitrate,
Phosphate, COD, BOD and Ammonia are
determined by varying the OLR where a cycle of 24
hr duration was given.
For Dairy wastewater it was observed that Nitrate,
Phosphate, COD, Ammonia and BOD removal
efficiencies ranged between 35% - 98%, 49% - 95%,
15% - 90%, 9% - 71% and 12% - 85% respectively
wherein the maximum removal efficiency for Nitrate
was 98% (52.67 mg/L - 1.0534 mg/L) at an OLR of
0.196 kg/m
3
/day, similarly for Phosphorous it was
94% (25.7 mg/L 1.542 mg/L) at an OLR of 0.524
kg/m
3
/day and in case of COD it was 90% (524 mg/L
52.4 mg/L) achieved at an OLR of 0.424 kg/m
3
/day
and for BOD and Ammonia, removal efficiency
reached a maximum value of 85% (358 mg/L 53.7
mg/L) and 71% (1.98 mg/L 0.5742 mg/L) at OLR of
0.424 kg/m
3
/day respectively.
Correspondingly for Domestic wastewater the
Nitrate, Phosphate, COD, Ammonia and BOD
removal efficiencies ranged between 27% -89%,
49% - 86%, 10% - 85%, 29% - 72% and 16% - 80%
respectively wherein the maximum removal efficiency
for Nitrate was 90% (18.067mg/L 1.806 mg/L) at an
OLR of 0.08 kg/m
3
/day, similarly for Phosphorous it
was 86% (11.26 mg/L 1.5764 mg/L) at an OLR of
0.297 kg/m
3
/day and in case of COD it was 85% (297
mg/L 44.55 mg/L) achieved at an OLR of 0.196
kg/m
3
/day and for BOD and Ammonia, removal
efficiency reached a maximum value of 80% (195
mg/L 39 mg/L) and 72% (6.95 mg/L 1.946 mg/L)
at OLR of 0.196 kg/m
3
/day respectively.

INDUSTRIAL AND
PRODUCTION ENGINEERING

55. FRICTION WELDING

COLLEGE : KLSS GOGTE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,
BELGAUM
GUIDE : PROF. R .P. BHAT
PROF. U.N.CHATE
STUDENTS : PRAMOD SHETTI
RAMESH S. HANDI
RAVIN J. B
SANDEEP SHINDE
Introduction
Friction welding (FW) is a class of solid-state welding
processes that generates heat through mechanical
friction between a moving workpiece and a stationary
component, with the addition of a lateral force called
"upset" to plastically displace and fuse the materials
Objective
Achieving Friction welding with analysis of its
parameters and conducting different tests
(destructive and nondestructive) with Economic
considerations.
Methodology
Work materials:
The different work materials used are listed below.
1. Aluminium
2. Brass
3. Copper
4. Mild steel
Work holder:
The work holder is specifically designed and
fabricated for this project. The workholder is held in
lathe tailstock, and this is used to hold the non-
rotating component. It can hold only 22mm diameter
workpiece only.
Process:
i) The two components to be friction welded are
held in axial alignment.
ii) The component held in chuck spindle is rotated
and accelerated to required speed.
iii) The other component which is stationary is held
in movable clamp and moved forward to apply
pressure contact on rotating component.
iv) Pressure and rotation are maintained until the
resulting temperature softens the metal at the
interface (to permit the forging of components).
33
rd
v) When sufficient heat is produced, power drive is
uncoupled, break is applied to stop rotation and
axial force is increased to forge the components
together (further deformation is produced and
welding occurs).

Joining of two components (parts) is achieved.

Aluminium to Steel
Capacity: Maximum diameter of the component
which can be held is 22mm outer diameter.
Other details: The team have carried out destructive
and non destructive testing for knowing the tensile
strength and visual inspection respection
respectively.
Conclusion
Friction welding is a solid state welding process
which is best suited for non ferrous and tubular
components. Of different materials (copper, brass,
aluminium, steel and combination) welded.
- Aluminium gave the maximum weld strength.
- Brass gave moderate weld strength.
- Copper gave low weld strength.
56. LINEAR AND NON-LINEAR
MODELLING OF PRESSURE DIE
CASTING PROCESS

COLLEGE : KLS GOGTE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,
BELGAUM
GUIDE : MR. JAYANT K. KITTUR
STUDENTS : AEJAZ SAYYAD
MONICA BHATI
POOJA KULKARNI
ZAID MUJAWAR
Introduction
In this project, the most important HPDC process
machining parameters that affect the quality of
casting are:
1. Fast shot Velocity
2. Intensification Pressure
3. Phase changeover point
4. Holding time
Effects of these Machining parameters on the quality
of the casting are investigated by using mathematical
model developed in this study.
Methodology
Study of Die casting process
Study of Process Parameters involved in Die
casting
Study of Design of Experiments(DOE)
As per the design matrix producing the
components by varying input parameters
Measuring output parameters.
Analyzing these results by using software
MINITAB, and studying the interactions among
them using ANOVA (Analysis Of Variance)
technique.
Based on the above analysis to build
mathematical model
Conclusions and Discussions:
The results of the regression coefficient.ANNOVA
and the comparision of the experimental data
revealed the following conclusions:
1. The main significant factors on the value of
hardness were holding time and upset pressure
33
rd
with the regression coefficient of 0.827 and 0.838
respectively.The square of the holding time has
greater significance on hardness than the other
factors.
2. The density of the component is affect by the
holding time and upset pressure,however,with
the lower values of regression coefficient
0.00770 and 0.00799 respectively.
3. The porosity is directly affected by the
Changeover point with the regression coefficient
of 0.07484.This indicates that as the plunger
shifts at the faster rate there is less time left for
the gases to escape and hence the porosity of
the components increases. Where as holding
time and upset pressure have indirect effect on
the values pf porosity.
The input parameters considered have no significant
effect on surface finish. However many other
factors such as die temperature, composition of the
materials have pronounced the effect.

INFORMATION SCIENCE AND
ENGINEERING

57. EFFICIENT SEARCHING STRATEGY
FOR LARGE DATABASE OF KPTCL
USING BITMAP INDEXING

COLLEGE : NITTE MEENAKSHI INSTITUTE OF
TECHNOLOGY, BANGALORE
GUIDE : DR.SANJAY H.A
MR. SREENIVAS.B
STUDENTS : PREMA K
DIVYA BHANDARKAR
MADHURA H.D
PRADEEP KUMAR C
Introduction
Indexing is one of the techniques used for improving
the query performance. In indexing technique, and
trying to reduce number of data block access in main
memory. There are different types of indexing
techniques.
Bitmap indexing is one of the efficient indexing
techniques used in searching queries. A bitmap
index is a special kind of database index that uses
bitmaps. Bitmap indexes have a significant space
and performance advantage over other structures for
data. Bitmap indexes use bit arrays (commonly
called "bitmaps") and answer queries by performing
bitwise logical operations on these bitmaps. Bit-Map
indexing is an innovative way of indexing where bit-
maps are getting created and processor will perform
the Bit wise operation to evaluate query results. This
indexing technique is very efficient and used when
cardinality is low.
Objectives
The present technique used to store the data by
KPTCL can store only data of 45 days and they need
data of at least one year for their predictions. A highly
compressed structure for storing the large database
is used to improve the space efficiency.
Build a software infrastructure to efficiently and
quickly search Tera bytes of data.
Methodology
The large databases of KPTCL is divided into blocks
where each block contains 16 records in it.
BitStreamMask is a novel approach in which the
input file is first transformed into numerical data. After
this the transaction file is compressed into an array
for further processing. This approach increases the
overall efficiency of the apriori algorithm in terms of
time and space complexity.
BitStreamMask algorithm read the transaction file
given as input, for each item in transaction (RECNO)
1 to n and transform it into Bit Stream format and
assigns it to an integer value and store it in an array
for further processing.
Normally, search algorithms explore the whole
database for each combination of itemsets to gather
the required itemsets and pick the block at a single
glance. But MIPSearch technique uses code to
search the particular RECNO in the block. It masks
the item(RECNO) whose block number is to be
known (masked subset) & Perform AND operation
between masked subset and each block number in
BitstreamMask array if the result is same as masked
subset. Finally the team used a linear search to get
the exact position of REC_NO in that block.
There are two databases provided by KPTCL. First
results are calculated for these databases. Next the
size of both databases are doubled and tripled and
the results are calculated. Experiments are
conducted for the varying size of the blocks in the
database and results are found.
The time required to execute the query using both
Bitmap Indexing technique and Linear Searching is
calculated.
The time required to search the database using
bitmap indexing is less than the time required for
searching using linear search technique. The time
required to execute the query using linear search is
approximately double of the time required to search
using bitmap indexing when the size of the database
is doubled. The time required to execute the query
using linear search is approximately double of the
33
rd
time required to search using bitmap indexing when
the size of the database is tripled.
58. AUTOMATIC EXUDATES DETECTION
FROM NON-DILATED DIABETIC
RETINOPATHY

COLLEGE : SMT. KAMALA AND SHRI. VENKAPPA M. AGADI
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND
TECHNOLOGY, LAXMESHWAR
GUIDE : PROF. RAVIKUMAR K
STUDENTS : AMIT DESHPANDE
MEGHASHREE NADIGER
RAJESHWARI GUNJAL
SANMATI VARUR
Introduction
Diabetic retinopathy eye diseases are the main
cause of vision loss and their prevalence is set to
continue rising. The screening of diabetic patients for
the development of diabetic retinopathy can
potentially reduce the risk of blindness in these
patients. Early detection enables laser therapy to be
performed to prevent or delay visual loss and may be
used to encourage improvement in diabetic control.
Objective
The project is to potentially reduce the risk of
blindness in diabetic patients. Early detection
enables laser therapy to be performed to prevent or
delay visual loss and may be used to encourage
improvement in diabetic control. Exudates are one of
the primary signs of diabetic retinopathy. Automatic
exudates detection would be helpful for diabetic
retinopathy screening process.
The Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) clustering is a well-
known clustering technique for image segmentation.
It has also been used in retinal image segmentation.
In a pre-processing step color normalization and a
local contrast enhancement is used. The color retinal
images are segmented using Fuzzy C-Means (FCM)
clustering and the segmented regions are classified
into two disjoint classes exudate and nonexudate
patches using a neural network. The comparative
exudate classification using Support Vector
Machines (SVM) and neural networks is also applied.
Methodology
Digital retinal images of patient are obtained from
camera. The images are stored in a JPEG image
format (.jpg) files using the lowest compression rates.
The image size is 500 x 752 pixels at 24 bit.
Exudate detection : Exudates can be identified on
the ophthalmoscope as areas with hard white or
yellowish colors with varying sizes, shapes and
locations. They normally appear near the leaking
capillaries within the retina. The main cause of
exudates are proteins and lipids leaking from the
blood into the retina via damaged blood vessels.
Coarse Segmentation using Fuzzy C-Means
Clustering : FCM clustering is an overlapping
clustering algorithm, where each point may belong
to two or more clusters with different degrees of
membership. The features with close similarity in an
image are grouped into the same cluster. The
similarity is defined by the distance of the features
vector to the cluster centers. Euclidean distance is
used to measure this distance and data will be
associated to an appropriate membership value. The
cluster center is updated until the difference between
adjacent objective function.
Results and conclusion
Automatically extract exudates from images taken
from diabetic patients with non-dilated pupils. This
work is based on the FCM clustering segmentation
and morphological techniques. Four input features
based on the characteristics of exudates, namely
intensity, standard deviation, hue and number of
edge pixels, are selected. Blood vessels and optic
disc pixels are also removed from the fourth feature
in order to prevent misclassification.
The performance of the algorithm is measured
against ophthalmologists hand-drawn ground-truth.
Sensitivity, specificity, PPV and PLR are used as the
performance measurement of exudate detection
because they combine true positive and false
positive rates. Accuracy values are also used to
evaluate the system.
59. SHORTEST PATH FINDER USING
DISTANCE VECTOR ROUTING
ALGORITHM IN ADHOC NETWORKS

COLLEGE : THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE ENGINEERING,
MYSORE
GUIDE : MS.P.DEVAKI
STUDENTS : NAMITHA RAJ.B
NAMITA R. GUDARADDI
GEETHA.N
YASHASWINI.S
Introduction
The distance-vector routing algorithm is used by
routers in adhoc networks to exchange information
about reach-ability and distances of the other nodes
on the existing network .This algorithm collects the
routing information from all other nodes in the current
network and maintains that values in the form of
tables which is either stored in the database or in the
file format (mainly XML).
Small networks may involve manually configured
routing tables (static routing), while larger networks
involve complex topologies and may change rapidly,
making the manual construction of routing tables
unfeasible. Nevertheless, most of the public switched
telephone network (PSTN) uses pre-computed
routing tables, with fallback routes if the most direct
route becomes blocked (see routing in the PSTN).
Adaptive routing attempts to solve this problem by
constructing routing tables automatically, based on
information carried by routing protocols, and allowing
33
rd
the network to act nearly autonomously in avoiding
network failures and blockages.

Objective
To calculate shortest path between two systems in
the existing Adhoc network using Distance Vector
routing Algorithm.The routing table is displayed on
the interface indicating distance to each of other
node and the next hop through which the node can
be reached from the source node.

Methodology
Initially for this algorithm, assume that each node
will be knowing the distance or cost or time, to
the immediately reachable neighbors.
A node or system to which the link cannot be
established is determined or marked as infinite in
the table maintained by each router in the
algorithm.
Transferring the routing information periodically to all
the neighbors in the network , so that any changes
will be reflected immediately by all the neighbors in
the current network The proposed system Distance
Vector Routing has the following functions to be
implemented has to be analyzed to automatically
generate the shortest path to be routed among the
systems in the Adhoc network to transfer the file.

Distance Vector Routing aims in finding the

shortest path in the Adhoc Network using the
XML services. It can navigate to destination
system by avoiding the network traffic within the
network.
Simpler Distance vectorbased routing protocols

are simple router advertisement processes that
are easy to understand.
Easy to configure: In its simplest incarnation,

configuring a distance vectorbased routing
protocol is as easy as enabling it on the router
interfaces.

INSTRUMENTATION
TECHNOLOGY
60. INTELLIGENT ARGICULTURAL
SYSTEM WITH WEATHER
MONITORING

COLLEGE : H.K.E. SOCIETY'S POOJYA DODDAPPA APPA
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, GULBARGA
GUIDE : PROF.NARENDRA MUSTARE
STUDENTS : KAILASHNATH J.K
SACHINKUMAR C.M
SHIVARAJ H.S
SIDRAMESHWAR
Introduction
The device consists of GSM modem, microcontroller,
sensors, relays, memory and display. If the user
wants to control some devices in his house he/she
have to send the SMS indicating the operation of the
device and then the system password, while the
MODEM embedded with the system microcontroller
receives SMS.the microcontroller will read SMS and
check for the password the user had sent with the
SMS, the passwords are stored in memory, so the
microcontroller will read the password from memory
and compares with the message password. If the
password is correct then it will check whether the
message is for switch ON or OFF the devices.
According to the received message the controller will
switch on / off the relays. The device is password
controlled, therefore only the people who know the
device password is capable to control the device.
Corporate security: In the security systems the
device is connected to sensors like PIR sensors,
smoke sensors etc.when some body had entered
home forcibly for ex the PIR sensor connected to the
door will detect the presence of person, and it will
give an interrupt to the microcontroller. then
according to the program load in flash the controller
will find out from which sensor the interrupt had
came, then it will sent SMS to the owners mobile or
police by retrieving the phone numbers from
memory.(the owners mobile number and police
number is stored in memory

In the security system the micro controllers is
programmed in such a way that if somebody had
entered in home with out permission the sensors will
33
rd
detect and give an interrupt to the microcontroller, if
the controller is interrupted it will give commands and
user number to the modem to sent the alert SMS to
the owner mobile.
61. LAB VIEW BASED AUTOMATED
SHOOTING EQUIPMENT

TUMKUR
GUIDE : SMT H. M. KALPANA
STUDENTS : ANUSHA PRAVAS B. S.
RAVINDRANATH THAKUR
SHASHI KUMAR
Introduction
Safety monitoring along the borders of a country is of
utmost importance. But it becomes unfavorable for
the human beings to guard the borders, surviving
there, due to climatic conditions and other
unfavorable circumstances.
Here is an attempt to develop an autonomous control
system that invigilates the surroundings constantly
and takes corrective actions wherever necessary. A
prototype for the same entitled Lab View Based
Automated Shooting Equipment has been
developed and tested . It is an autonomous
surveillance system which inspects the vicinity and
any intruder (object) entering the field of interest can
be easily recognized and shot on spot without any
presence of a human being there to take care of the
situations.
Objective
To design and develop Lab View Based Automated
Shooting Equipment autonomous control system
that can be tested for surveillance and correction
action where ever required.
Methodology
The proposed system walls as fallows
1) The system uses a web camera which constantly
captures images of the field interest and send to
PC.
2) The programme is built using the graphical
programming language of Lab View 8.6, a
software package of National instruments,
installed in the PC.
3) The programme constantly checks for any object
coming in the field of view. If any object is
detected, the programme activities the actuators
to drive the motors which targets and shoot the
object.
4) The programme uses the vision module of Lab
View 8.6 for detection of objects. upon detection
using several image processing techniques like
thresholding, pattern matching etc, it sends the
output signals to the stepper and DC motors
through NI USB DAQ 6016 card which acts as an
interface between PC and the driving(L298 and
L293D).
5) The stepper motors then control the direction of
the gun so as to target the object. Once the
target is fixed, DC motor triggers the gun to shoot
the object.
1) The project has been tested by placing the
objects on a light background.
2) Any object with an area of approximately 10*10
cm is being easily detected and shot.
3) Shooting is successful under even illumination
conditions.
4) Objects of all colours are being detected. The
module has been tested by maintaining the
distance between the object and the system from
15 to 20 feet.
5) The system can also be manually operated in
places where precise selection of objects to be
shot is required, where automatic selection can
create unfavorable consequences.
6) Remote control of the module is also possible
through a web browser via internet which can
only be accessed by the authorized person who
is far away from the place and yet can log in
using a secure identity and password to control
the operations.

62. EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS
OF DRAG COEFFICIENTS OF SEMI
CIRCULAR HOLLOW CYLINDRICAL
CUP FOR DIFFERENT ORIENTATION

COLLEGE : B.L.D.E.AS VACHANA PITAMAHA
DR.P.G.HALAKATTI COLLEGE OF ENGG., &
TECHNOLOGY, BIJAPUR
GUIDE : DR. V. V. KATTI
STUDENTS : RAKSHANA GAIKAWAD
SUMITA GOND
AMIT MODAK
VISHWASH SIDNAL
Introduction
The drag coefficient is a well known parameter used
to characterize the drag force a body immersed in a
fluid experiences due to relative motion between the
body and the fluid.
33
rd
Anybody of any shape when immersed in a fluid
stream will experience forces and moments from the
flow. If the body has arbitrary shape and orientation,
the flow will exert forces and moments about all three
coordinate axes. It is customary to choose one axis
parallel to the free stream and positive downstream.
The force on the body along this axis is called drag,
and the moment about that axis the rolling moment.
The drag is essentially a flow loss and must
overcome if the body is to move against the stream.
A second and very important force is perpendicular
to the drag and usually performs a useful job, such
as bearing the weight of the body. It is called the lift.
The moment about the lift axis is called yaw. The
third component, neither a loss nor a gain, is the side
force, and about this axis is the pitching moment.

Definition of forces and moments on a body
immersed in a uniform flow.
Objectives
The objective of the present investigation is to
experimentally study the influence of orientation and
shape of the rotor on its drag coefficient. In the
present study, an open jet of wind tunnel is used and
the measurements are made for one Reynolds
number.
Methodology
The basic components of the set up are viz, industrial
fan, tunnel, semi cylindrical cup (rotors), Pitot tube,
manometer, Drag force measuring instrument
etc.The main setup consists of the high discharge
industrial fan, mounted at the entrance of the tunnel.
The High velocity air is made to flow through the
tunnel where it is conditioned for uniform flow over
entire cross section at the exit. The uniformity of
velocity of air will be confirmed from the
measurements with the help of the Pitot tube and
micro manometer / inclined manometer. The distance
of the cup (specimen rotor blade) from the tunnel exit
will be suitably chosen so that the influence of
blockage is least. This jet is made to impact and flow
over the surface of the hollow cylindrical cup
assembly mounted on the frame. The cup is located
on the plat form of the frame which allows for the
measurements of force experienced by the cup in the
direction of the air flow. Suitable force sensors will be
chosen for effective measurements of drag force with
uncertainties less than 5%. It can be conclude that as
change in orientation from 0
0
to 90
0,
drag

coefficient
decreases but after 90
0
drag coefficient increases
slightly as it approaches 180
0
. This is due the shape
factor.
Conclusions
The results of this experiment show that the drag
coefficient for a semi circular hollow cylindrical cup
for different orientations can be calculated
reasonably accurately using a wind tunnel. The
results obtained agree with the results of the
specimen at 0
0
and 180
0
orientation successfully.
The same method can be carried to obtain the drag
force for different object shapes at different
orientations.
Future Scope
This experiment can be carried out at different cup
configurations suitably, in future such as,
1. Cup closed on one side.
2. No plates can be placed vertically at different
positions and Similarly can be placed
horizontally.
3. At different velocities i.e. for different Reynolds
no.
4. Use of micro manometer can be done for higher
accuracy.

63. DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF
METALLIC WING OF TRANSPORT
AIRCRAFT

COLLEGE : ISLAMIAH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,
BANGALORE
GUIDE : MR. MOHAMMAD KSHFUDDOJA
STUDENTS : PRADEEP. K
PRASHANTHA. R
RENUKA
DIVYA. R
Introduction
This project deals with the design of a typical wing
section using a standard aircraft design practices. It
accounts for the buckling of skin and stringers and
estimates the stress level at which the spar flanges
fail by crippling failure.
33
rd
Since the wing is statically indeterminate structure
the cross-section of a typical wing section is
assumed and the maximum bending moment
carrying capacity of the section is evaluated.
The engineering theory of bending is used for this
purpose suitable corrections are introduced to
account for the ineffectiveness in carrying loads after
the buckling of the skin and the stringers takes place,
and the results are compared with the analysis
results using MSC PATRAN & NASTRAN
Objectives
The multi-section variable aircraft wing is
introduced in this study to provide an effective simple
means of changing the shape of the wing. The wing
rib is divided into sections that can rotate relative to
one another providing discrete but smooth change in
camber. The sections are easy to rotate, no high
forcing power is necessary to alter the shape. The
important aspect of the actuation system is its ability
to hold different sections of the wing while in the air
stream. The pneumatic actuator is chosen for
actuation system because of its strength, its fast
actuation time, its simplicity of control and its small
size.
Methodology
The methodology for design is the process that is
used by all aircraft industries for the preliminary
design of the airframe. The airframe is a highly
statically indeterminate structure so that the design is
an iterative process.
In the present study, Aluminum 2024 is used as a
material for the analysis.
The various sections of the wing are shown in the
following figures.

Different views of wing section
The design consideration of the wing, wing testing,
its design using CATIA V5 and its analysis using the
PATRAN and NASTRAN, here the actual wing
section is in the tapered shape from the Root to Tip.
Main consideration is the shape of the wing, it is
varies for different aircrafts and its application. The
structural analysis and stress analysis of the wing
section for transport aircraft were carried out.
However, different analysis can also be carried out in
future to enhance the performance of wing section
and designed it to withstand high tensile and the
compressive stress.
The design of the section of a transport wing is
carried out by using classical beam theory
This approach used for designing a section of the
wing can be adapted to any number of sections
to be designed on the wing
Any drafting software can be used to create the
fabrication drawing of the designed section
Finite element analysis of a box section
consisting of two stations is carried out
Skin, stiffeners and corner members are
represented using 2-D elements in finite element
analysis
Bending stresses at every member of the station
is obtained by finite element analysis results
Stress analysis results compare well with that of
the hand calculated results
Design optimization can be done using FEA
results
64. MODIFICATION OF EVACUATED
TUBE SOLAR COOKER

GUIDE : DR. L. K.SREEPATHI
STUDENTS : NISHANTHA.S
VASANTHAKUMARA N.M
PAVAMAN
PRADEEP.L .K
GURUPRASAD R NAYAK

Introduction
Solar cookers are being used for the purpose of
cooking food, the present project deals with
fabrication and performance evaluation of solar
cooker using evacuated tubes.
Evacuated tubes are concentric cylindrical tubes
made up of transparent material like glass. The
annular space between the two tubes is evacuated or
vacuum, thus the lack of presence of air, only helps
in preventing the loss of heat energy by the oil in the
inner tubes. Thus enabling the faster heating of oil in
the tubes and faster cooking. The cooker is designed
to cook a maximum of 1 to 1.5kgs. The design and
fabrication details have been concerned in topics to
be followed. Solar cooking is eco friendly, does not
cause greenhouse effect, no hazard, and reduce
wood consumption.
33
rd
Objectives
To modify, fabricate and evaluate the
performance of a evacuated tube solar cooker
with concentrating mirrors and low specific heat
thermic fluid (ethylene glycol).
To utilize the solar energy for the purpose of
cooking.
Methodology
Technology of evacuated solar tubes presently being
used for heating water has been used in this project
as a device for absorbing the heat energy from the
sun and transferring the same to the pressure
cooker. A pressure cooker of 10lts capacity was
selected for cooking the food.
A container to hold the thermic fluid surrounding
the cooker was designed and fabricated as per
the requirements.
The number of tubes required for the setup was
calculated approximately based on the previous
data.
Parabolic reflectors are used to concentrate the
solar radiation on to the evacuated tubes by
tracking manually.
A suitable thermic fluid (Ethylene glycol) was
selected whose specific heat was less and having
high boiling point (194 to 199degree Celsius).
The experimental setup was then placed in the
sun at an approximately 30C to 40C.
The container was filled by water (18.5lts) in the
first trail a temperature of 91C was achieved for a
time period of 3hours.
Later water is mixed with ethylene glycol in
different percentages(30%oil, 70%water and
60%oil 40%water) reading is taken for the same.
Performance Comparison of Efficiency of thermic
fluid and Water in different percentage composition

Efficiencies Of Evacuated Tube With Different Fluid
Time
in hrs
Efficiency of
evacuated
tubes with
water
Efficiency of
evacuated tubes
with ethylene
glycol(30%) and
water (70%)
Efficiency of
evacuated tubes
with ethylene
glycol(60%) and
water(40%)
10-11 13.9% 15.50% 15.50%
11-12 51.5% 44.16% 45.16%
12-01 36.04% 48.58% 47.58%
01-02 40.2% 52.30% 52.78%
02-03 38.46% 43.20% 42.20%
The table gives the comparison of efficiency of
evacuated tubes with fluids in different percentage
composition. Efficiency of water is less compared to
the other and there is no much difference between
the 30% and 60% mixture of ethylene glycol with
water.

Efficiency vs. time for different fluids in evacuated
tubes.
Legend
water
30% thermic fluid
60% thermic fluid

The figure represents the variation of efficiency along
time for different percentage composition of the fluid.
Efficiency of water is less compared to the other two
where ethylene glycol a low specific fluid mixed in
different percentage. It is mainly because of low
boiling point of water. The present project is a
modification of the existing system and work was
carried out to make the system more efficient than
the existing. .The achieved temperature was above
102 C which is higher compared to older design
around 80 C.
Providing good insulation and avoiding heat
losses.
Increasing number of tubes the capacity of heat
collected can be increased and thereby
increasing the capacity of the cooker.
65. MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION MAKING
FOR MAINTENANCE OF INDUCTION
FURNACE BY USING ANALYTIC
HIERARCHY PROCESS

GUIDE : DR. H. N SURESH
STUDENTS : NAVEEN H.U.
NITHIN N.V
RAGHAVENDRA.B
SACHIN KADAM
Introduction
The decision-maker makes judgments about the
relative importance of each criterion and then
specifies a preference on each criterion for each
decision alternative. The output is a ranking which is
prioritized indicating the overall preference for each
of the decision alternatives.
33
rd
Objectives
To find good substitute for mass inspection and
thereby reducing the cost of maintenance
To prioritize the induction furnaces for
maintenance based on their condition.
Reduces bias in decision making.

Methodology
In many situations engineers are required to take
best decision among the multiple alternatives.
The decision making process will be carried out
by several techniques. One such technique is
AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process).
This technique takes account of all the criteria
which plays important role in overall realistic
decision.
In this process first the alternatives where
decision is to be made are noted.
All the alternatives among which the best one is
to be selected forms the goal.
Different criteria influencing these alternatives in
accomplishing the goal are noted. These criteria
are selected based on expert-elicitation.
These criteria are compared in pair wise manner
and relative weights are assigned to these
criteria based on expert suggestion.
A standard scale of 1-9 is set for assigning
relative weights based on pair wise comparison.
Each number in the scale has its own value and
meaning.
Each alternative is compared in pair wise manner
with respect to all individual criteria and given an
appropriate weightage.
Thus the judgment matrix is obtained both for
pair wise comparison of criteria as well as
alternatives.
By the approach of row sum and column sum
method or eigen value method this judgment
matrix is evaluated and final weightage for
individual alternatives are obtained.
Based on these weightage ranking will be
allotted to the alternatives.
Then the alternative with first rank will be
selected as the best.
The flow chart of AHP is as shown in figure.

Most appropriate furnace selection procedure is
illustrated using Saatys priority theory. First six
decision criteria and three alternatives have been
determined and then priority theory is applied.
Priority theory estimates the weight (priorities) of
decision criterias using pair wise comparison
method. Furnaces considered for study are also
compared in pair wise manner under each criterion. It
is worth mentioning that averaging (the row and
column weights) and adjusting method is proposed in
this project to confirm the priorities. The final scores
of each alternative is obtained by multiplying the
priorities and then adding them. In this case, Furnace
B-C turned out to be the first and K the last in the
prioritization list as they are having highest and
lowest scores respectively. The value of C.R was
found out to be 0% which is well within 10%.
Therefore the obtained judgment matrix is consistent.
The erosion of lining can be calculated at regular
interval of heats and hence degradation rate can
be found out. This will help in calculating the
remaining life of the lining.
Analytic Network Process can be applied for the
above problem and the results can be compared.
33
rd
Fuzzy AHP can be applied to the same problem
and the results can be compared for more
realistic values.
66. DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF
WIND TUNNEL

BELGAUM
GUIDE : PROF. SANJEEV H. KULKARNI
PROF. D.S BHAT
STUDENTS : ARIJIT S BOHRA
ARCHANA M
AMEYA D KULKARNI
MEDHA HEGDE
Introduction
Wind tunnels are used to study the effects of moving
air on such objects as aircraft, spacecraft, missiles,
automobiles, buildings, and bridges. Streamlined
body designs can greatly reduce the drag forces on a
moving object, such as an automobile or an airplane.
Constructing a wind tunnel is a costly affair. It
involves huge budgets, making it a device found only
in high profile laboratories and institutions. The
project team has constructed a wind tunnel on a
small scale, with subsonic wind speeds in the test
section, making it suitable for carrying out tests on
small objects and prototypes of large designs.
Objectives
Designing and fabricating a wind tunnel which
involves testing for uniform velocity and pressure
distribution throughout the test section of the
wind tunnel
Determining pressure drop across the various
sections of the wind tunnel
For carrying out tests on certain small objects
and prototypes of large model.
The wind tunnel is being designed on low budget
scale making it a model for laboratory equipment
for UG colleges.
Methodology
The subsonic wind tunnel was chosen to work
with low speeds and keeping the cost factor in
mind. The following steps will be carried out to
attain the desired objective.
The velocity within the test section was fixed to
be in the range of 8-10 m/s and the cross section
of test section was fixed as 0.2*0.2m/s, the
length being 1.2m
The test section is built of wood with mounting
arrangements on top and glass on two opposite
sides for viewing of models while testing
Taking a contraction ratio of 6, the profile of
Contraction section was designed using a
polynomial equation. The major dimensions are
1.2*1.2m, the minor dimensions same as that of
the test section and the length being 1.44m. The
section was then constructed using sheet metal
The diffuser section was designed taking a
diffuser angle of 12, with the major dimension
calculated to be 0.5*0.5m, and the length 1.42m.
Plywood is used to build the diffuser section.
Fan and motor mono-block are fixed at the major
section of the test section.
Settling chamber consisting of a honeycomb
structure and three metal screens is fixed at the
entrance of contraction section to make the wind
flow uniform.
Layers of PVC pipes of diameter 0.019m and
length 0.1m are stacked to build the honeycomb
structure. Wired meshes are used as screens,
one before the honeycomb structure and two
behind it.
The sections were fixed to each other using
suitable joiners. Primer and adhesive tape are
used to fill points of leakage.

Wind Tunnel
Results
A 0.2*0.2 m Wind Tunnel has been fabricated
adhering to the designed dimensions.
The Wind Tunnel has a Contraction section of
1.2 m*1.2 m major dimension to provide the
uniform and smooth wind velocity within the test
section
Based on the testing for uniformity of velocity in
the test section the following results are derived:
The velocity varied between 10.6914 m/s to
11.067 m/s at these points, giving an average
value of 10.914m/s
The variation of velocity is within 3% based on
the average value, which is within acceptable
limits.
33
rd
Conclusion
Wind Tunnel, a research equipment, needs lot of
design accuracy. It is always tough, even by the best
of the men in the industry, to achieve cent percent
accuracy. A model has been designed that can be
used as a demonstration equipment for UG and PG
students as well as for conducting simple tests on
small components like aerofoil or prototypes of large
models.
Pressure drops can be measured across various
sections of the Wind tunnel
Objects can be mounted and tested in the test
section
The fan speed can be varied and uniformity
checking can be carried out at different speeds
Baffles can be installed inside the test section
and turbulence levels can be measured.
67. PREDICTION OF IMPACT FORCES
ON A VEHICLE CHASSIS DUE TO
ROAD IRREGULARITIES

BELGAUM
GUIDE : PROF. S.L.GOMBI
STUDENTS : SANDEEP. KULKARNI
SAGAR. PATIL
PRATIK. DESHPANDE
RATNAKAR. KESKAR
Introduction
Impact force identification on vehicle chassis due to
irregular road profile using inverse techniques.
Damage due to an external impact is a major
concern in the design of aerospace structures. For
instance, low-velocity impact can cause extensive
delimitations inside composite structures that could
severely degrade the load-carrying capability of the
structures. In many cases, however, it is not easy to
identify this damage by visual inspection. Therefore,
a system that can automatically detect the
occurrence of impact and estimate the amount of
impact energy, as well as the location, would be very
helpful in maintaining the structures at reduced cost.
The impact load identification problem has two
characteristics that make it difficult to solve.
Objectives:
The impact loads occurring from the road
irregularities cannot be measured by any type of
transducers as the contact point is continuously
changing. The inverse techniques using the
measured responses are used for finding out the
impact loads on vehicle chassis due to road
irregularities.

Conclusion
From the experiment conducted and the calculations
and iterations made using inverse f.e.m technique, it
can be observe that the load predicted is very close
to the actual load on the chassis.
reasons for the difference in the actual and
theoretical values are,
variation in weights of the blocks
boundary conditions are assumed to be simply
supported
presence of the noise content in the
measurement of input values.
Future Scope
This technique can be extended further to predict
impact forces on satellites in outer space and
also on sky scrapers and thus help in optimizing
their design.
Using this technique the moving load
identification like overweight of a truck from the
response of a bridge can also be found.
The forces acting on a cutting tool in a lathe can
be predicted by using this technique.
68. EFFECT OF CVD-GROWN AL
2
O
3
COATINGS IN IMPROVING THE
PERFORMANCE OF CEMENTED
CARBIDE CUTTING TOOL INSERTS

COLLEGE : REVA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND
MANAGEMENT, BANGALORE.
GUIDE : DR. SUKANYA DHAR,
STUDENTS : ABDUL SATHAR
ARSHIYAN SHARIFF
MOHOMMED SAIF
Introduction
Coatings of TiC, Ti(CN), TiN and Al
2
O
3
are stacked
on cemented carbide (WC/Co) cutting tool inserts to
improve their performance. CVD methods have been
33
rd
proven to be excellent process for alumina (Al2O
3
)
coatings and offer the advantage of uniform coating
even for work pieces of complicated geometries.
However, thermal CVD methods generally require
high deposition temperatures (950-1200C). Also,
use of chloride precursor (AlCl
3
) in CVD leads to
reactor corrosion caused by the hazardous bi product
HCl. The deposition temperature can be reduced by
a significant amount (by ~300 to 600C) by using
metal organic precursors in CVD (MOCVD) due to
easy dissociation and the high reactivity of the metal
organic compounds. The inorganic and organic by-
products of MOCVD are also harmless.
Ciftci has investigated the influence of cutting speed,
cutting tool coating top layer and work piece material
on the machined surface roughness and the cutting
forces. The results showed that cutting speed
significantly affected the cutting forces, and
machined surface roughness values. The effect of
cutting parameters on the work piece surface
roughness by the turning operation on hard stainless
steel by Cubic Boron Nitride cutting tools. The cutting
forces in heat treated medium carbon steel when
turning on a lathe machine with a diamond cutting
tool. The influence of cutting tool material depends
on cutting speed and depth of cut on the cutting force
and surface roughness of the machined work piece.

Objective
The objective of this project is to compare the
performance of the three cutting tool inserts
(TiN/TiC/WC, CVD coated alumina on TiN/TiC/WC &
MOCVD coated alumina on TiN/TiC/WC) from the
experimental work on mild steel work pieces.

Methodology
TiN/TiC/WC and Al
2
O
3
/ TiN/TiC/WC (alumina
coated by CVD) inserts were obtained from
Kennametal, and Al
2
O
3
/TiN/TiC/WC (alumina
coated by MOCVD) inserts were obtained from
Materials Research Centre, IISc, Bangalore. The
MOCVD-coated film was deposited from
Al(acac)
3
, at 700
C and 10 Torr reactor pressure.

Tool holders were prepared, followed by brazing
of the cutting tool inserts.
Machines and equipments were checked before
the practical work.
Calibration of surface finish tester was carried
out.
The axial, tangential, and radial forces were
measured using a lathe tool dynamomater (LTD)
during machining (turning) of the mild steel
workpieces, for different combinations of speed
and depth of cut, for a constant feed, using three
different types of cutting tool inserts.
Three spindle speeds (180, 250, 400, and 600
RPM), four depth of cuts (0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and
1mm), and a constant feed (0.2 mm/min) were
used for the measurement of the cutting forces.
The machined work pieces were subjected to
surface roughness test using a surface finish
tester for measuring arithmetic mean value of
roughness (R
a
).

At constant speed, all the three forces increase
gradually with the increase in depth of cut. The
occasional deviation from the trend may be caused
by experimental errors factors like vibration of any
kind, inhomogeneity of the workpiece, non-linear
feed motion etc. The resultant cutting force, however,
follows a smooth trend. This is in agreement with
Alabi et al.
3

It can be concluded that, the tool insert coated with
alumina by MOCVD exhibits better performance,
consuming less force and giving good surface finish
to the work piece.

Scope for future work:
The tool life of the cutting tools can be
determined for predicting the efficiency of the tool
inserts in the full sense.
The SEM microstructure and XRD of the tools
are to be explored before and after cutting
operation to investigate for any phase or micro
structural change.
The chips collected during the operation can also
be examined under SEM for micro structural
studies.
The MOCVD deposition conditions (temperature,
pressure, gas flow rates) are to be varied to
check if better performance properties can be
obtained.
Operations are to be carried out on harder work
piece material eg: Austenitic stainless steel.
69. DESIGN OF BICYCLE CARRIAGE
FOR NEWS PAPER DISTRIBUTORS

COLLEGE : SHRIDEVI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &
TECHNOLOGY, TUMKUR
GUIDE : MR. B H VASUDEVA MURTHY
STUDENTS : SUBHASH CHANDRA H U
MURTHY H G
YOGESH B
HEMANTH KUMAR
Introduction
In the present world scenario news papers are the
major source of daily news and information about
almost all areas like politics, sports, share market,
33
rd
show business, industries, advertisements and many
more.
News papers are in use not from years or decades,
but in fact from centuries, around the world the news
papers are distributed by means of trucks, buses,
bikes etc. without damaging the news papers.
In India, especially in rural areas and in some parts
of urban areas the news paper are getting distributed
by bicycle and using a carry bag. The bicycles in
most cases are of general purpose bicycles of big
size (Atlas or Hero jet) and the bag may be of
leather, nylon, jute or plastic. The bags may be hung
to the bicycle handle or may be accommodated at
the back carrier of the bicycle. When this is the case,
there are chances of news papers setting drenched
in rain water on rainy days. Also, when the bag is at
the back carrier, extra physical movements are
caused while picking and delivering newspapers at
the doors of the customers. This may lead to fatigue
of the news paper distributors.

Carriage placed on back side of bicycle

Papers carrying in bags and on handle
With a view to overcome these difficulties faced by
the news paper distributor, it was planned to design a
carriage which eases the work of the news paper
distributors.
With a view to understand the problems faced by the
news paper distributors, a survey was conducted on
15-20 people who are distributing news papers
everyday from past several years.
The most common problems faced by the news
paper distributors while distributions are as follows:
1) Spoiling of papers in rainy season.
2) Difficult to carry bags in bad road and in short
turns and in humps.
3) The bags which are using are not durable.
4) Putting paper bags to handle will be difficult while
riding.
Design Of Bicycle Carriage
Design of frame
Selection of sheet metal
Design of cover for carriage
Design of attachments for bicycle
Conclusion
As a result of the project work a carriage was
designed.
Carry the number of newspapers normally
distributed by the distributors.
Provide protection for the newspapers from rain
water during rainy days.
Easy handling (picking and delivering) of
newspapers during the working process.
Reasonably low in cost.
70. FOLDABLE HELMET

COLLEGE : SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF
TECHNOLOGY, TUMKUR.
GUIDE : Dr.C.R.RAJASHEKAR,
STUDENTS : BASAVARAJU N C
MANOJ R
NARAYANA SWAMY G
MANISH N

Introduction
The helmets are the best protective headgear for the
prevention of head Injuries caused by direct cranial
impact. The objective is to design a comfortable, self
adjusting, protective helmet. Composite materials are
used to fabricate the Foldable helmet. Ergonomic
design examines 0how well products, workspaces,
and environment suit the people who use them. The
present work is proposed to have new model and
development of foldable helmet according to BI
standards. The features of the new design are fully
foldable and therefore compact and easy to carry.
33
rd
The helmet can be folded in form of Simple Shape
and then adjacent layers are dragged to form Helmet
Shell Shape.
Present Helmets are not compatible and also difficult
to carry and handle. Hence our objective of work is to
design a comfortable, self-foldable, protective
helmet.
In this project foldable helmet has been designed
and developed .The Helmet Shell can be folded in
form of Simple Shape and then adjacent layers are
dragged to form Helmet Shell Shape. A usable
design makes intuitive sense and is physically
compatible with the human body. In this new design,
Polyurethane foam is introduced for better shock
absorption, effective cushioning and comfortability.
By introducing the foldable helmet, usage can be
maximized and reduction of head injuries can be
achieved.
Methodology
Initial concept: The initial plan developed and hand
sketches as shown below:

3D model front view
Foldable helmet consists of 5 plates of different
radius which are pivoted at common end point. Each
plate slides one upon the other about the pivot at
specified angles and gains the shape of helmet as
shown in figure. Each plate is interlocking with
respective adjacent plate after moving certain degree
of rotation by self interlocking. Sliding of the plates
can be achieved by connecting all the plates with the
help of projections on the plates.
A paper model is developed for further reference and
to develop tangible design of the foldable helmet.
This model helps to observe how exactly the plate
slides on respective adjacent plates.

Design of 2D drawings
By considering all present constraints and
dimensions of regular helmet 5 individual plates are
considered to design a foldable helmet to meet the
same dimensional specifications of the regular
motorcycle helmet. The two dimensional element of
the helmet is shown below:

Sectional view of helmet
The each plate consists of different dimensions with
different radius having with a pivot. The volume of
the helmet after folding reduces to space of
200X250X150mm. The lock plate which locks all the
5 individual plates during helmet is completely open.
This locking system increases the stability of the
helmet which helps to keep the plates rigidly during
its opened position. All these dimensions would help
to develop a 3D model.
Three Dimensional Model of Foldable Helmet
3D model is designed using Solid edge V-18, the
specifications of each individual plate are explained
below:

3D Model of plates
Assembled view of foldable helmet
All the individual plates are assembled together to
get a complete assembly model of helmet as shown
in figure

Working model Assembled 3D model
33
rd
The difficulties like bulky, non portable with the
existing helmets are avoided in this foldable
helmet.
About 60% of space reduction can be achieved
by the folding system and suits the Technological
advancement.
The modified helmet can be easily carried in the
bags and also can be placed in cabin of the
vehicle itself.
Foldable helmet can withstand the ultimate
stress upto 0.75 Mpa with respect to the
corresponding time.
Design analysis concluded that the developed
helmet can withstand impact loads as per BI
standards.
Ergonomic and aesthetic designs were also
emphasized in addition to structural design.

POLYMER SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY
71. DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION
OF DEGRADABLE LDPE BASED
PACKAGING MATERIALS FOR FOOD
CONTACT APPLICATION HAVING
MULTIFUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES

ENGINEERING, MYSORE.
GUIDE : DR. SIDDARAMIAH
STUDENTS : KAVYA A.T
PRAMODHINI M.P
SUSHMA RAI B.V
WAQID MUNAWAR VOLLI
YAMANAPPA S SADALAGI

Introduction
The main aims of packaging are it should fulfill the
standards and requirements specified by the buyer,
should protect the product against external and
internal influence, to extend the shelf life of food, to
prevent any wastage such as leakage or any
deterioration which may occur during transportation
and distribution.
Objectives:
LDPE based food packaging materials are consumed
and discarded into the environment, ending up as
spontaneously undegradable wastes. Hence, there is
a need for the development of polymeric materials
that could be degraded in the natural environment.
Addition of degradable additives will result in the
lowering of certain properties. To improve the
properties such as mechanical, barrier and anti
microbial activity nano clays and silver nano particles
are added.
Materials:Low density polyethylene (LDPE) grade
used in this study is 24FS040, M/s. Reliance
industries, Vadodara. High density polyethylene
(HDPE) grade used in this study is F55 HM 0003N,
M/s. Hadldia. Nano Clay (NC) used are modified
montmorillonites, (Cloisite 15A, M/s. Southern Clay
incorporates, USA). Degradable additives used in
this study are a proprietary degradable master batch
(MB) developed by M/s. Defense Food Research
Laboratory, Mysore having a combination of various
photo and biodegradable additives.
Techniques: Universal testing machine (model, LRX
plus/Lloyd Instruments, UK), Fourier transform
infrared spectroscopy (Thermo Nicolet FTIR
spectrometer model: 5000) and gas transmission
rate tester (model: L-100-5000, Lyssy AG,
Switzerland) are used.
Methodology
LDPE films with degradable additives at varying
content viz., 5, 10 and 15 wt % were extruded.
Degradable LDPE films were blended with HDPE at
different weight ratios (viz. 90/10, 80/20, 70/30 and
60/40; LDPE/HDPE) to improve properties. In order
to improve the barrier properties of degradable LDPE
films chemically modified nano clay at different
weight ratios viz., 2 and 4 wt % are added.
Antimicrobial properties of LDPE films was improved
by incorporating silver nano particles.
Results and Discussion:
Figure 1 shows the FTIR spectra of the eco-friendly
LDPE with 5 % master batch subjected to diffused
light at room temperature for 10 weeks. As increase
in duration of exposure to sun light increases the
C=O (1740 cm
-1
) stretching peak intensity. Increasing
intensity of carbonyl band is as an indicator of
degradation in these films.
SLDMB05-1-15-01-2010
SLDMB05-1-18-01-2010
SLDMB05-1-25-01-2010
SLDMB05-1-01-02-2010
SLDMB05-1-08-02-2010
SLDMB05-1-15-02-2010
SLDMB05-1-22-02-2010
SLDMB05-1-02-03-2010
SLDMB05-1-08-03-2010
SLDMB05-1-15-03-2010
SLDMB05-1-22-03-2010
SLDMB05-1-29-03-2010
SLDMB05-1-05-04-2010
0.17
0.18
0.19
0.20
0.21
0.22
0.23
0.24
0.25
0.26
0.27
0.28
0.29
0.30
0.31
0.32
0.33
0.34
A
b
s
o
r
b
a
n
c
e
1550 1600 1650 1700 1750 1800 1850
Wavenumbers (cm-1)

(a)
33
rd
0.175
0.180
0.185
0.190
0.195
0.200
0.205
0.210
0.215
0.220
A
b
s
o
r
b
a
n
c
e
1550 1600 1650 1700 1750 1800 1850
Wavenumbers (cm-1)

(b)

FTIR spectra of LDPE films with degradable
additives (5 % of master batch) exposed to (a)
diffused light and (b) sun light.
As the % of the additive increases the degradation of
the LDPE films also increases. In the case of diffused
light exposed sample the change in peak intensity
occurred at 1740 cm
-1
and for the samples exposed
to sunlight, the change in peak intensity occurred at
1712 cm
-1
. The degradation may be due to free
radical mechanism. The degradation is accelerated
in the presence of sunlight the free radicals which
formed will react with atmospheric oxygen and forms
more number of free radicals which leads to chain
session.

Conclusions
FTIR and tensile properties study confirmed that
LDPE degrade and this is due to the addition of
degradable additives into LDPE. Degradation is
accelerated in the presence of sunlight. Addition of
degradable additives lowers the property of LDPE.
To improve the properties two methods are adopted
namely, (i) blending with HDPE and (ii) addition of
nano clay. Properties of degradable LDPE films are
improved by blending with HDPE and it does not
affect on degradation behavior. Barrier properties are
improved by the addition of nanoclays. With the
addition of silver nanoparticles to LDPE improves the
anti microbial property.
72. JATROPHA OIL CAKE
INCORPORATED STYRENE
BUTADIENE RUBBER GREEN
COMPOSITES

ENGINEERING, MYSORE
GUIDE : DR. SIDDARAMAIAH
STUDENTS : SWARNA
SPHURTI.P
JYOTHI KULKARNI
MADHURI.C
Introduction
Jatropha oil cake (JOC) is a by-product left over after
the mechanical extraction of oil from jatropha seeds.
The extracted oil has been used for the production of
the alternative fuel known as biodiesel. The high cost
of conventional fillers dictated the need for alternative
low cost fillers to improve the tri-biological
performance of the composites. Few researchers
have investigated the possibility of the utilization of
low cost fillers to improve the tribological
performance of polymers. The influence of JOC fillers
on abrasive and sliding wear behaviour of glass-
epoxy composites has been studied. The authors
noticed that the composite containing 6 wt. % JOC in
G-E composites exhibited the lowest specific wear
rate in sliding wear mode. Hence, the present
research made an attempt to study the effect of
protein rich JOC in SBR composites. The main goal
of this research investigation is utilisation of agro
waste based components as fillers in the fabrication
of composites and to generate the value added and
eco-friendly green composites.
Objective
The aim of this project is to study the effect of
naturally occurring agro waste based component
such as JOC as filler to fabricate a new series of
green composites with rubber for general purpose or
automobile applications. The fabricated eco-friendly
composites will be optimized for the performance.
Methodology
Carbon Black with different weight ratios, viz., 40, 35,
30, 25, and 20phr in conjugation with JOC filler viz.,
0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 respectively have been
compounded with 100 g SBR along with 5 g ZnO, 2 g
stearic acid, 1 g 6PPD, 5 g naphthenic oil, 2 g
Sulphur and 1.5g MOR in a 6 x 12 laboratory two
roll mill. The compounded rubber was vulcanized at
153C for 45 mins.
Optimum cure time for the SBR/JOC was determined
by Moving Die Rheometer at 153C. Tensile
behaviours were carried out as per ASTM D-412
method by universal testing machine. Abrasion
resistance of the rubber samples are carried out in
Du Pont abrasion tester as per BS 903 method.
Hardness of the SBR composites is determined in
accordance with ASTM D 2240 using Shore A type
Durometer. Dynamic DSC studies have been carried
out on a Du Pont thermal analyzer with a Q200 DSC
module and DSC scans were recorded in a nitrogen
atmosphere at a heating rate of 10C/min over the
temperature range 30-300C. The thermal stability of
the SBR/JOC composites have been carried from
ambient to 600C at a heating rate of 20C/min by
TGA (model TGA-Q 50, USA), DuPont TA
instrument. SEM analysis was carried out using
JEOL equipment model JSM-5300.

33
rd
Conclusions
In this research investigation a series of natural filler
(JOC) filled SBR composites were prepared and
characterized for rheological, mechanical, thermal
and morphological characteristics. A significant
reduction in tensile strength and tensile modulus with
increase in JOC content in SBR was noticed. A
drastically improvement in elongation at break and
retain in the dimensional stability with increase in
filler content from 0 % to 20 % was observed. A slight
reduction in thermal stability after incorporation of
JOC was noticed. SEM images reveal the two
phases morphology and domain size increases with
increase in filler content. From the aforesaid it can be
concluded that the product developed in this
investigation using agricultural waste based fillers
can be used in the automobile industries. Also the
generated product is eco-friendly and cost effective.

TELECOMMUNICATION
ENGINEERING
73. RATION SHOP AUTOMATION USING
RFID

MYSORE
GUIDE : C.PRABHAVATHI
STUDENTS : BALAJI.G.L
GIRISHA.A.B
NAGARAJA
VINAY KUMAR H. U.

Introduction
In India, ration shops are used to provide ration for
people who are in need of it but the people who
require ration are not always obliged. There is always
some sort of fraud done by the dealer. In order to
reduce this kind of crime done on people, the project
implements a RFID based ration shop which helps in
effectively reducing the crime.
Objectives
The main objective of the project is to help the
people who mainly depend on the ration shops for
living and for those who work in the government
projects on daily wages. By implementing the project
each user is assured to get a correct amount of
ration without any fraud done by the dealer.
Methodology
As shown in the block diagram the microcontroller
takes care of the weight issues and it controls the dc
motor to send a particular amount of given material
to the customer. The load sensor takes care of the
amount of material given to customer. The
microcontroller is used to control and coordinate all
the operations of entering the material name and
quantity, displaying the amount and quantity provided
and updating. The project requires the visual basic
application program to control the microcontroller.
The relay is used to operate the dc motor. The dc
motor is used to control the funnel opening and
closing. The ADC is used to convert the analog
signal received by load cell to digital signal, which is
given to microcontroller. The LCD display is used to
display the material name and other details. The
RFID reader is used to authenticate the user.

Block diagram

The project RATION SHOP AUTOMATION USING
RFID has been successfully implemented. The
project is secure and user friendly, even the
uneducated people can operate with RFID. The
record of each user is maintained in a specific
database which helps the people who travel from one
place to another. The project when implemented
helps a lot of people who rely upon ration shops. The
project can be adopted by the government and be
implemented in large scale. The future ration shops
can include these modules to run in an effective
manner so that the crime rate is reduced and poor
people can get their share. The ration shop owners
cant cheat the users by using manipulated balances
since load cell is used which measures correct
amount of ration.

The project can be modified to include thumb
impression for authentication instead of RFID tags to
give more security.

* ~ * ~ *
33
rd
EXHIBITION PROJECTS


74. BOMB DETECTING VEHICLE

COLLEGE : S.J.P.N TRUSTS POLYTECHNIC, NIDASOSHI.
GUIDE : MR.SACHEEN V. KALE
STUDENTS : SATISH KAMATE
SUNIL PATIL

Objective
In todays world, an advancement to manual method
of Bomb detection system was made by installing the
advanced sensors to detect the bomb ,explosive etc
on vehicle which moves in all areas of city.
If bomb is detected, the bomb detecting team
immediately try to defuse the bomb without delay and
mean time Bomb detected information sent to Police,
Fire fighters and Ambulance teams.
Methodology
The 230v, 50Hz mains supply is stepped down by
using a 12-0-12v step-down transformer. To convert
this A.C input to a pure D.C. It makes use of a bridge
rectifier is used consisting of four diodes i.e., IN 4007
arranged as shown in the power supply Circuit. The
output from the rectifier contains ripples in it. But this
output is not a pure D.C. capacitor filter is used
consisting of capacitor 1000 f/25v in parallel with
0.1 f. This arrangement smoothens out the
remaining ripple content to give approximately a pure
D.C.
Passing this signal through the positive regulator i.e.
7812, a regulated supply of 12V is obtained. This
regulated supply is used to drive the relays OMRAN
4123. The out put from the 12 v regulator may
sometimes catch spikes thus adding A.C content. To
eliminate this capacitor filter are installed using a
capacitor 0.1 F. the signal coming out from this filter
is given to a 5 V voltage regulate which gives a
regulated voltage of 5V which is used to energized
the hex buffer IC-4050. This, the power supply circuit
gives a regulated voltage of 5V and 12V.
Conclusion
The existing system have many disadvantages
namely manually handled, complicated systems less
coverage areas due, more trained personnel for
detection of bombs, no speedy operations, more
expansive.
A Movable Bomb detection system mounted on
vehicle to cover more bomb detecting areas and
save more human life.
75. GYRO MOUSE FOR THE DISABLED

COLLEGE : KLE SOCIETYS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
AND TECHNOLOGY, BELGAUM.
GUIDE : PROF. S. B. KULKARNI
STUDENTS : NOEL D. CHILLAL
ROOPA K. GUBBI
T. BHARATHI
troduction
With the advent of the information era, there are
ever-increasing demands for accessing computers
and the internet. Personal computers are becoming
an integrated part of our lives. In particular,
computer access is far more urgent for those
people who have lost physical mobility in their
upper extremities due to accidents, or
cerebral apoplexy. A ccessibility to computers for
disabled persons can completely change the quality
of life
However, those who do not have normal use, or
have paralysis of their upper extremities such as
C4~C5 paraplegics, hemiplegics, and cerebral palsy
sufferers cannot efficiently access human-
computer interface (HCI) devices such as a
keyboard or a mouse.This project is a step towards
addressing the computing needs of people suffering
from paraplegia or quadriplegia.
Objectives
To provide a new human - computer interface for
persons who are disabled in their upper extremities,
for handling the mouse - click and mouse - move
function. cursor movements using the head
movements.
Methodology

Working of Systems: 8 LDR sensors are arranged
in the form of circle on a board. The variation of the
resistance when light falls on the LDR is analog in
nature. An ADC is used to convert this value into
33
rd
digital. The digitized value is then fed to the
microcontroller. The output from the microcontroller
is fed to an octal buffer, which gives it to the H
bridges. Each bridge controls the movement of the
stepper motor in one direction. Two stepper motors
are required, one for motion along x axis and
another along y axis. Therefore, to control two
stepper motors four such bridges are required. Each
stepper motor is electrically connected to two H
bridges. The stepper motors are also mechanically
coupled to x and y axis rollers of the mouse using a
screw-like shaft such that when the stepper motor
rotates, the corresponding roller also rotates. A leaf
switch is connected to the left click button of the
mouse. The mouse is then connected to the PC.
The subject has to wear a cap at the back of which
an LED is mounted. The LDR arrangement is placed
infront of the light source and may be mounted on
the head rest of the chair on which the subject is
sitting. To move the cursor to the right the subject
must move his head to the left so that light falls on
the right LDR sensor. When light falls on a LDR
sensor its resistance drops signaling the
microcontroller of a variation. This variation turns on
the H bridges that control the stepper motor driving
the y- axis roller. Thus resulting in a cursor
movement in the right. Similarly moving head to right,
up or down results in the cursor moving towards left,
down or up. The LDRs placed between the ones that
are horizontally or vertically placed assist in diagonal
movements.
The cap is also fitted with a leaf switch. It is an air
flow sensing switch connected to the left click switch
of the mouse. It has to hang before the subjects
mouth. To perform the clicking action the subject has
to blow the switch.
The Figure below shows the hardware
implementation of the gyro mouse. The board
houses the trackball mouse, microcontroller, ADC
and buffer chips and the H-bridges.

Hardware implementation

LDR board

Leaf Switch
It can interface home appliances such s fan, light,
TV, ovens, etc with the computer and control them by
giving commands via computer.

CIVIL ENGINEERING
76. STUDY ON BEHAVIOUR OF
BENDABLE CONCRETE

TECHNOLOGY, CHICKMAGALUR
GUIDE : MR.M. RAMEGOWDA
STUDENTS : SOMASHEKAR N
SANDEEP. V. S.
UMADEVI. C. V.
MADHU K. S.
Introduction
Concrete, whether containing natural or waste glass
aggregate is relatively brittle, and its tensile strength
is typically only about one-tenths of its compressive
strength. Regular concrete is therefore normally
reinforced with steel reinforcing bars. For many
applications, it is becoming increasingly popular to
reinforce the concrete with small, randomly
33
rd
distributed fibers. Their main purpose is to increase
the energy absorption capacity and toughness of the
material. But also the increase in tensile and flexural
strength is often the primary objective. While steel
fibers are probably the most widely used and
effective fibers for many applications, other types of
fiber are more appropriate for special applications.
For example, architectural and decorative concrete
products will call for fibers with a minimum of visual
impact.
Objective
The objective of this project is to provide a
performance summary of an exemplary PVA-ECC.
As large scale applications of Engineered
Cementitious Composites (ECC) are emerging, the
data collected may serve as reference for structural
engineers.
Reducing the brittle nature of concrete enhance
the safety, durability, and sustainability of the
next generation of civil infrastructures.
In this new ECC material which was under
development at U-M for 10 years, specially
coated microscopic polymer fibers slide past
each other instead of snapping under stress,
giving it incredible ductility previously only seen
in ductile metals.
The fresh properties of ECC have been tuned for
ease in field casting using familiar construction
equipment. Cost savings can be realized through
more efficient design as well as reductions in
material volume, labor cost, steel reinforcement,
and less frequent repairs.
Cost and environmental impacts are accounted
for, the advantages offered by ECC over
conventional concrete become compelling. The
material is currently emerging in the repair,
manufactured product, pre-cast, and ready-mix
markets as well as in the bridge, pavement,
agriculture, housing, and business industries
where a lightweight, strong, and durable building
material is needed.
77. DEFLUORIDATION OF DRINKING
WATER USING INEXPENSIVE
ACTIVATED CARBONS AS
ADSORBENTS

COLLEGE : ANJUMAN ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BHATKAL
GUIDE : PROF. M. N. HIREMATH
STUDENTS : BHARATH G. BHAT
MD ATHIQ UR AZAM
ALTAF AHMAD
ASTAF AHMAD P. P

Introduction
Water is a chemical compound which is extremely
useful to man, providing him the luxuries and
comforts, in addition to fulfilling his basic necessities
of life. It is necessary that the water required must be
good, pure and it should not contain unwanted
impurities, contaminants and chemical compounds.
Fluoride is one such contaminant. Fluoride is a salt of
the element fluorine, the most highly reactive
element of halogen family. High concentration of
fluorides which cause mottling of teeth initially and
dental fluorosis diseases to crippling skeletal
fluorosis with continued use of fluoride rich waters.
Deflouridation is the only practicable option to
overcome the problem of excessive fluoride in
drinking water, where alternative source is not
available. During the years following the discovery of
fluoride as the cause of fluorosis, extensive research
has been done on various methods for removal of
fluoride from water. These methods are based on the
Principle of Adsorption, Ion Exchange, Precipitation
Coagulation, Membrane Separation Process,
Electrolytic Defluoridation, Electro dialysis, etc.
However due to high cost and lower efficiency or
non-applicability on mass scale these techniques is
not much in use. Hence in this present work, an
attempt is made to remove the fluoride in drinking
water using activated carbon prepared from
inexpensive agro byproducts as adsorbents.
Objectives
In the present work an attempt is made to remove
fluoride in drinking water in a column study using
activated carbon prepared from an agro-based
byproduct i.e. corn-cob with the following objectives;
a) To prepare granular activated carbon from corn-
cob.
b) Optimization of operating condition for an
effective treatment.
c) To compare the effectiveness prepared low cost
activated carbon and commercial activated
carbon under identical experimental condition.
Methodology
Procurement of row materials for the preparation of
inexpensive activated carbon from corn-cob was
obtained from Venkateshwara Agro Products Pvt Ltd
Gadag as precursor material.
All the chemicals used were of AR grade was
purchased.
Methodology
In this present studies deflouridation of drinking water
was studied using down flow columns. The diameter
of column used was of 10mm in size (diameter) and
900mm long length.
Optimization of Various Operation Conditions
1. Optimization of pH
2. Optimization of adsorbent dosage
33
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3. Optimization of adsorbent temperature
4. Optimization of initial fluoride ion
concentration
5. Optimization of flow rate
Result and Conclusion
From the experiment investigation of defluoridaton of
drinking water using in expensive activated carbon
prepared from corn cob an agro byproduct, following
conclusion were drawn,
a) In expensive adsorbent prepared from corn cob
can be used in the treatment of defluoridation.
b) The prepared activated carbon has surface area of
850m
2
/g.
c) By using inexpensive activated carbon it is proved
that it can efficiently remove 78% of fluoride from
drinking water.
Undoubtedly the low cost adsorbent offer a lot of
promising benefits for commercial purpose in future
and the same study can also be carried out using
different impregnation ratio and carbonization
temperature.
78. EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON HIGH
VOLUME FLY ASH CONCRETE
BUILDING BLOCKS (SOLID AND
HOLLOW) AND MASONRY

COLLEGE : P.D.A. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING,
GULBARGA.
GUIDE : PROF. A.B.HARWALKAR
STUDENTS : ANIL KUMAR
SHRUTI DESHPANDE
SIRNALLI POORNANAND
SNEHAL.R.L

Introduction
In this project work, it was aimed to develop mix
proportions for M7.5 grade concrete using high
volumes of fly ash.It was also aimed to cast solid and
hollow building blocks of size 300mm x 150mm x
150mm using this M7.5 grade HVFAC mix. Also
testing wallettes of size 0.6m x 0.15m x 1m was
aimed.
Objectives
i) To develop mix proportion for M7.5 grade high
volume fly ash concrete , and study the behavior
under compression and flexure.
ii) Casting of solid and Hollow concrete block of
size (0.15x0.15x0.3) using the mix proportion
developed in the first stage.
iii) Constructing wallettes of size 0.6mx1mx0.15m
using solid and Hollow block.
iv) Testing of wallettes under flexural and axial
loading.
Methodology
Two trial mixes were used for fixing M7.5 grade
concrete using high volume of fly ash (Lean high
volume fly ash concrete) out of which one was
selected from IS456-2000. OPC 53 grade cement,
locally available river sand and crushed ballast
stones of size 20mm and 12mm were used. Fly ash
was procured from Raichur Thermal power plant.
Physical properties of cement, sand, coarse
aggregate and fly ash were established in the
laboratory. Cement replacement levels of 50%, 60%
and 70% by fly ash were tried for the two trial mixes.
A total number of 64 cubes (for 7day and 28day
strength) of size 150X150X150mm and 40 prisms
(for 28days strength) of size 100X100X500mm were
cast to study compressive strength and flexural
strength respectively. Final mix proportions selected
for casting concrete blocks was 1:0.5:0.5:3:5
(water:cement:fly ash:fine aggregate:coarse
aggregate)
A total number of 48 solid blocks of size 300 x 150 x
150mm and 48 hollow blocks with outer dimension
300 x 150 x 150mm and inner dimension 200 x 50 x
150mm were cast. For cube testing 3000KN capacity
compression testing machine was used. For testing
prisms 500KN capacity universal testing machine
was used.
A total number of 3 wallettes each with solid blocks
and hollow blocks were constructed. Size of each
wallette was kept as 0.6 x 0.15 x 1m. Two wallettes
were tested under axial loading and eccentric loading
under each type. One wallette was tested under
transverse loading in each category. Sand bag
loading method was used for both cases.
Results and Discussion
1. Properties of fresh concrete: In the fresh state,
workability measurement using slump test were
recorded. Concrete mix used for concrete blocks
showed a slump value of 150mm.
2. Weight of concrete Building blocks : The
average weight of each solid concrete blocks was
15.7Kg and the average weight of each hollow block
was 11.3Kg. Hence hollow block showed a decrease
in weight of 28.0%. Density value varied from
22.0KN/m
3
to 22.8KN/m
3
.
3. Compressive strength: Based on the cube
compressive strength results mix 2M50 which gave a
average compressive strength of 8.8MPa was
selected for casting Solid and hollow blocks.
4. Flexural strength: 28 day flexural strength of
control mixes of two trials were 4.28N/mm
2
and
4.6N/mm
2
. A maximum reduction of 52.7 %, 61.8 %
&73.5 % has been observed, with 50%, 60%, & 70%
fly ash replacements.
33
rd
5. Compressive strength of Hollow Block : The
average 28 days compressive strength for hollow
blocks was 7.18 N/mm
2
.
6. Axial and eccentric loading on wallettes : Two
wallettes were used for testing under axial and
eccentric loading. Each solid block wall was axially
loaded up to a maximum load of 7.32KN, which
corresponds to loading intensity of 1.1KN/m. but at
this loading wallettes did not show any deflection and
also the failure. Further increasing loading was not
possible due to loading restrictions, wallettes were
also tested upto a maximum load of 5.9KN acting at
an eccentricity of 38mm. Wallettes did not show any
deflection under this eccentric loading. Similar
behavior was observed with hollow block wallettes.
7. Flexural loading on wallettes : One each
wallette was used for testing under flexure loading for
solid and hollow concrete block masonry.
Solid block wallette failed at a load level of
3.26KN.without initial cracking. Flexural strength
worked out using the equation M/Z was 0.8 N/mm
2
.
The nature of failure was brittle Hollow block
wallettes when loaded under flexural loading showed
a crack at load level of 4.02KN. Ultimately the
wallette failed at a load level of 6.08KN. Flexural
strength worked out was 0.15N/mm
2
. The nature of
failure was ductile when compared to that of solid
block wallette.
The percentage increase in flexural strength for
hollow block masonry was 87.5% when compared to
solid block masonry.
8. Economics of High Volume Fly Ash Concrete:
In this section an attempt has been made for the cost
analysis of High Volume Fly Ash Concrete, selecting
a representative High Volume Fly Ash concrete mix
proportion 2M50 and compared with conventional
concrete mix. Apart from the direct cost benefits long
term indirect benefits including environmental
benefits are also to be viewed.
Conclusions
1. M 7.5 grade concrete mix was achieved at a
cement replacement level of 50% and cement
content of 90kg/m
3
.
2. Density of concrete blocks varied from 22.8 KN/
m
3
. To 22.0KN/ m
3
.
3. Hollow blocks showed reduction of 28.0% in
weight when compared to that of solid blocks.
4. Compressive strength of solid block was
8.8N/mm
2
while that of solid blocks was 7.18
N/mm
2.

79. GEOPOLYMER BRICKS

COLLEGE : POOJYA DODDAPPA APPA COLLEGE OF
ENGINEERING, GULBARGA.
GUIDE : DR. S. G. PATIL
STUDENTS : KIRAN KUMAR. K
PREETI MANTRI
RAJANI SARANADGOUDAR
RAMREDDY

Introduction
Geopolymer, a new material gradually earns an
interest from material scientists. Fly ash is to replace
totally manufactured cement to make concrete-like
material. This will turn the construction material to the
new era. Geopolymer is an inorganic alumino-silicate
polymer synthesized from predominantly silicon and
aluminium material of geological origin or by-product
materials such as fly ash. Fly ash-based geopolymer
is made by mixing fly ash with sodium silicate
solution and highly caustic hydroxide solution and
cured at room temperature or at higher temperature.
The present study is aimed at evaluating the locally
available masonry material such as clay burnt bricks,
solid concrete blocks; hollow blocks etc are being
used for the construction of masonry. But the quality
of these masonry materials in terms of compressive
strength and water absorption is not satisfactory.
Objectives
To develop a mix design methodology to prepare
low calcium fly ash based geopolymer bricks,
using natural sand and lateritic soil along with
binder (fly ash and alkaline liquids).
Comparative study of geopolymer bricks and
locally available masonary bricks for the
properties such as compressive strength, water
absorption, compressive strength for oven dried
condition, alternate wetting and drying condition,
alternate heating and cooling and immersion
under water.
Comparative study of load carrying capacity of
masonry wall using geopolymer bricks and
locally available masonry bricks.
Cost comparison between geopolymer bricks
and locally available masonry bricks.
Methodology
In order to improve the workability of fresh
geopolymer mortar and geopolymer lateritic soil,
high-range water-reducing agent Fosroc SP-430
(naphthalene based) super plasticizer was used in
this work.
Preparation of Geopolymer Bricks
Trial casting of geopolymer bricks: For each trial
test three brick specimens were cast. In order to
33
rd
finalise the Sodium hydroxide to sodium silicate
ratio,Alkaline liquid to fly ash ratio,Fly ash to Soil
Ratio,Fly ash to sand ratio, Molarity, Super
Plasticizer, Method of curing, Temperature of curing
parameters total number of 39 brick specimens were
cast.
Mixing: Sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate were
mixed together at least one day prior to adding the
liquid to the dry materials. Initially all dry materials
were mixed properly. Add the liquid component
slowly to the mixture at the end of dry mixing, and
continue the wet mixing for 3 minutes. The casting
and curing was carried out to access the strength.
Conclusions
As the alkaline liquid to fly ash ratio increases
compressive strength of geopolymer mortar
increases and cost increases.
Higher concentration of sodium hydroxide
solution results in higher compressive strength.
The increase in compressive strength from
curing temperature of 60
0
C, 70
0
C, 80
0
C is
marginal, hence curing temperature is fixed as
75
0
C and 65
0
C for sand and lateritic soil
respectively.
Scope for further study
Scope of work using accelerated curing and
naturally available waste material.
Cost optimization by using bigger size
geopolymer block.
To study the compressive strength of brick wall
by using various proportions of mortar.
Use of lime in preparation of bricks as a partial
replacement in place of sodium silicate.
COMPUTER SCIENCE AND
ENGINEERING
80. VIDEO STREAMING USING CELL
PHONE WITH SECURITY

MANGALORE.
GUIDE : MRS. SUMATHI
STUDENTS : ABHILASH B RAO
MITHUN A
MOHAMMED SHADAB MAVED
VISHAL DEVADAS
Introduction
This project is all about providing easily affordable
security system for an office or house or bank or any
important room to have security, by using a camera.
In this project the circuit is installed at the door at the
entrance of the room and will be connected to the PC
which has a camera and Internet connection. At any
time if the owner wishes to view the happenings in
the room, he can switch on the camera by sending a
SMS to the GSM modem which is connected to the
PC and in the same way he can switch off the
camera.
Objective
As security is a critical factor for the business and at
many places, everyone who utilizes this application
can get to know that the events happening at a
particular location with just a mobile from a remote
location. This project is intended to provide an easily
affordable security system. This project is intended to
view live video recording through a mobile. This
application allows the mobile user to track the
activities happening at a particular location.
Scope of the Project
The security system to be designed is proposed for a
room which requires security using a camera to view
the happenings in the room. The proposed system is
expected to rectify all the drawbacks of the existing
system. The administrator should be able to control
and monitor the secured room from any remote
location through his mobile having GPRS facilities.
When an administrator logs in to the system he has
the options of creating, deleting or updating the
settings of other users. He/she has the facility of
selecting the people who should be receiving the
SMS alert on security breach. When a user joins the
system, his profile and policy is decided by the
administrator. It is proposed to create an easy to use
user interface for the administrator to make his task
easier, simpler and faster.
Application user interfaces designed modules are as
follows:
a) Login b) SMS c) Alerter d) Live streaming
Entity - Relationship Diagram

E-R diagram of details table
33
rd
Conclusion
This project entitled video streaming using cell phone
with security proposes a safe and secure room. This
system mainly provides an efficient method for
surveillance purposes and is aimed to be highly
beneficial for any person or organization. As security
is a critical factor for the business and at many
places, everyone who utilizes this application can get
to know that the events happening at a particular
location with just a mobile from a remote location.
This Project is all about to provide easily affordable
security system for a office or house or bank.
81. A REMOTE MONITORING SYSTEM TO
IMPROVE EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES
OF VISUALLY IMPAIRED

COLLEGE : G M INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,
DAVANGERE
GUIDE : MR. ARAVIND T V,
STUDENTS : ANNAPA R,
NITHIN K N,
PRAMOD D G
SANTHOSH P G
Introduction
During the teaching activity on informatics and
training on computer use, the visually impaired
student should be provided with useful kinds of
assistance; moreover, the environmental condition
and his health conditions should be continuously and
in real time monitored in order to evaluate the
development and the difficulties.
This system is aimed to the design and the
realization of an educational aid for the visually
impaired. This could highly reduce the need for a
continuous presence of a tutor, that might downgrade
students self esteem.
Objectives
To provide the better educational facilities to
visually impaired students.
A system that could improve the quality of the
assistance perceived by the visually impaired
students, during a PC laboratory teaching
session.
To provide Multi-linguality and cross-culturality
aspects.
Methodology
For the realization of the software a client-server
architecture has been implemented, therefore in the
laboratory for training in informatics a server will be
connected to a number of clients. The Labview G-
Language has been used for this version of the
software, for both client and server implementations.
This choice ensures high flexibility, while maintaining
programming easiness. In particular, it represents a
very good example of realizing a complex TCP-IP
communication in Labview environment.
CLIENT
Automatic recognition of the user through his
personal RFID tag.
Interaction with system applications at operating
system level for both launching and state
monitoring purposes.
Periodic sampling and transmission of users
biological parameters, measured with a suitable
Bio-Probe.
Audio feedback subsystem.

Simplified block-diagram of client architecture
Server
Server architecture is schematized in the block
diagram shown in the figure. The main feature of the
server-side software is a functional graphical user
interface that assists the system administrator in
every stage of laboratory session. The most
important aspect of a laboratory session involving
visual impaired students is the monitoring of
students actions and state. Each student is
constantly monitored starting from the log-in
procedure. The information that server acquires from
each student through the point-to-point TCP-IP
connection is:
Values of bio-parameters.
Real time list and state of processes that run on
client pc.

Simplified block-diagram of the Server Architecture
33
rd
The continuous monitoring of students position in
the environment.
The optimized redundancy of information
provided to the student.
The high re-configurability and flexibility.
The poor demanding installation and
maintenance.
The low cost and the adaptive level of assistance
to be provided to the user on the basis of his/her
needs, ability and skills.
The system presented is based on advanced
hardware and software technologies, represents an
attempt to provide visually impaired students and
teachers with useful assistance, during normal
laboratory sessions. The students working condition
is constantly monitored through an intuitive and
functional graphical user interface, so the
development of the training activity and the
difficulties encountered by each student in the room
of informatics can be evaluated. This improves both
the quality of assistance perceived by students and
the effectiveness of the work done by the qualified
teacher.
82. LICENSE PLATE RECOGNITION
USING C#

COLLEGE : KNS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,
BANGALORE
GUIDE : MR. S. C. LINGA REDDY
. MR .KANTHARAJU V
STUDENTS : ADITYA KARANJKAR
AHETHESHAMUDDIN A
BARUN KANT KISHORE
SANTHOSH KUMAR A
Introduction
License Plate Recognition systems are nowadays
considered as offtheshelf systems in the
panorama of image and video processing
applications. Existing vehicle license plate
identification and recognition systems are potent for
either their accuracy or speed but not a combination
of both. License Plate Recognition(LPR) can be used
to store the images captured by the cameras as well
as the text from the license plate, with some
configurable to store a photograph of the driver.
Systems commonly use infrared lighting to allow the
camera to take the picture at any time of the day. A
powerful flash is included in at least one version of
the intersection-monitoring cameras, serving both to
illuminate the picture and to make the offender aware
of his or her mistake. LPR technology tends to be
region-specific, owing to plate variation from place to
place. This approach to LPR is divided into two
stages - In the first stage, we perform license plate
region detection. In the second stage, we perform
OCR on the license plate to recover the license
number.
Objective
Morphology-based approach for the identification of a
license plate in the image of a vehicle. As this
technology is used for mass surveillance, the law can
use existing closed-circuit television or road-rule
enforcement cameras, or ones specifically designed
for the task.
Methodology
Identification of the License Plate Region : The first
stage of this algorithm involves the identification of
the region within the image wherein the license plate
is enclosed. The basic mathematical morphology
operations of dilation and erosion have been utilized.

Recognition of the Segmented License Plate Region
or OCR : The optical character recognition technique
has been frequently used for identifying characters in
the extracted image of a license plate and is used to
convert paper books and documents into electronic
files, for instance, to computerize an old record-
keeping system in an office, or to serve on a website.

The license plate recognition system can be roughly
broken down into the following block diagram:

A block diagram of global system
To build the initial database, images of the required
license plates are preprocessed and their parameters
are stored. During the recognition process these
parameters are simply compared with those of the
input image in constant time and the best match is
retrieved.
This approach to LPR is divided into two stages - In
the first stage, it performs license plate region
detection. In the second stage, it performs OCR on
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the license plate to recover the license number. The
algorithm proposed in this dissertation utilizes
mathematical morphological operations of dilation
and erosion to segment the region of the license
plate in an image. Color coherence vectors are then
utilized to derive the key parameters of the extracted
region. These key parameters are compared to the
database of parameters previously stored and the
best match is displayed. Hence, this algorithm has
attempted to strike a balance between the accuracy
and speed that a license plate identification and
recognition system must possess.
83. OBJECT LOCATING AND SURFACE
RECOGNIZING ROBOTIC ARM

COLLEGE : NITTE MEENAKSHI INSTITUTE OF
TECHNOLOGY, BANGALORE.
GUIDE : MS KAVITHA SOODA,
STUDENTS : HARIKRISHNA T
NAVANITA.R
T.P RAJIV
RITESH KUMAR
Introduction
The project, robotic arm which recognizes the
location of the object in the given workspace, and
identify the surface once it holds the object, requires
knowledge of microcontrollers and programming.
To begin with learning the working of servo motors
and controlling it with microcontroller was important.
It is required that one should know the PWM
generation in order to rotate the servo motor to
desired angle.
Pixel representation of an image and reading the
image for pixel values is done in image processing.
In this project the image format used is Bitmap and
the objects are in dark color.
After finding midpoints of the objects, calculate the
angles and the distance to the object from the origin.
This is done by analytical geometrical method using
cosine law.
Objective
The objective of the project is to build a robotic arm
which can locate an object placed in a pre-defined
area or workspace, and to bring the robotic arm
towards the object, pick the object, feedback the
surface shape of the object.
The first aim of the project is to recognize the object
placed on the predefined area. This is done using a
web cam, which will capture the image of the
workspace, save it in Bitmap format.
Methodology
The project is divided into three modules:
a) Image processing module
b) Serial communication between Computer and
Microcontroller
c) A microcontroller controlling the arm.
Result
The arm has the capacity to move towards the object
exactly aligning the gripper ready to hold the object.
After picking it will also inform the surface feature.
Scope of future work
Textures and patterns recognition.
Predefined area can be altered to dynamic area
recognition.
Robotic arm can also be enhanced to work
autonomously
Artificial Intelligence can be implemented.

84. DESKTOP EMAIL ALERT USING
POP3

COLLEGE : PROUDHADEVARAYA INSTITUTE OF
TECHNOLOGY, HOSPET.
GUIDE : MR. VIJAYA KUMAR.A.V.
STUDENTS : AVINASH H.M
KAVYA.H
SARASWATHI.G.DATAR
SHYAM SUNDAR S.K.

Introduction
As per the study there is no system which provides
email services or facility for blinds. There have been
no SMTP and POP3 service providers who are
providing eminent support for blinds. There are
hardware supports which facilitate various helps to
blinds, starting from Braille prints of special
keyboards but no service providers starting from
Yahoo, MSN and Gmail are being into developing
solution for the visually impaired people or
handicapped people.
Objectives
The main objective of this system is to design a
cutting edge email solution, which provides speech-
supported services for the clients. The aim of the
project is to enable a user to compose and send
emails through voice. It integrates the speech
technology directly into the client side and hence
saves the server from being out of space for
bandwidth. So that even blinds can also access the
system. The project also provides strong methods
and modules for speech driven technology which can
be further upgraded to suite the other speech driven
technology. The voice is available only on the packet
based technology like VoIP. The major responsibility
here would be to implement this in entirety on a voice
supported email solution.

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Architectural Design :

Architecture of Desktop Email Alert Using POP3
Conclusion
Desktop Email Alert using POP3- Internet Mailing
Made Easier for Blinds has been completed as per
the specifications and the project can be used by
blinds as well as normal users for retrieving and
sending the mails and with POP3 protocol of the
project. The work can be further enhanced to enable
the user to have total voice control, like entering even
the user name and password through voice and this
project can be marketed as a finished product.
85. LIBRARY MANAGEMENT USING RFID

TECHNOLOGY, HOSPET.
GUIDE : MR. RAMESH BYALI.,
STUDENTS : ADITYA.W
ANUSUYA
P.S.NIVEDITA
SUHAS.K.M
Introduction
The RF in RFID stands for "radio frequency"; the "ID"
means "identifier." The tag itself consists of a
computer chip and an antenna, often printed on
paper or some other flexible medium. The shortest
metaphor is that RFID is like a barcode but is read
with an electro-magnetic field rather than by a laser
beam. The similarity ends there. RFID is an
advanced technology compared to barcodes. The
RFID tag is not visible to read; instead, it can be read
even when it is embedded in an item, such as in the
cardboard cover of a book or the packaging of a
product. It can also carry a more complex message
than a barcode, which is limited to an identification
number. The chip that is part of the RFID tag can
carry many bytes of information, which means that it
has the potential to carry not only the item number
used by a library but also information such as the title
of the book and/or its call number. The size of the
information payload of RFID chips is one of the
features that will undoubtedly expand as future
technology advances allow the creation of smaller
and more powerful chips.
The tags used in libraries today are among the lower
priced tags, with short read ranges and limited
functionality, yet even within a single library the
technology can vary based on the need at that
particular station.
Objectives
Managing library and locating specific book.
RFID library management, using RFID tags
library, is easy and convenient. A RFID library
management system consists of books, each
attached with an RFID tag, RFID reader,
computer network and software. Library staff
lending books, returning books, sorting, tagging
etc.
Data Flow Diagram

RFID Library systems consist of an integrated
circuit and an antenna, which enables it to
function as a transponder.
It can be attached to any item with the
information about the item stored in it. Details
such as name, origin, price, ownership of an item
etc. can be a part of the information stored in a
RFID tag's microchip.
When a RFID reader tries to read data from a
tag, its antenna emits electromagnetic energy
which is received by RFID tag's antenna.
The tag's microchip uses this energy to emit a
radio signal using the tag's antenna.
The RFID reader receives and interprets this
signal and passes interpreted information to a
computer network.
This computer network can provide information
about the items carrying the RFID tag and their
present status to a computer user.

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Systems have
been in use in libraries for book identification, for self
checkout, for anti-theft control, for inventory control,
and for the sorting and conveying of library books
and audio visual materials. In this project, the
technical features of a modern RFID system are
described to provide a guideline for the evaluation of
different systems. The most important result is that
non-proprietary systems can be used for libraries
today since the new generations of RFID chips with
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the ISO standard 15693 are available. The use of
RFID reduces the amount of time required to perform
circulation operations.
86. WIKIPEDIA

TECHNOLOGY, HOSPET
GUIDE : MS. MANJULA.S.D
STUDENTS : RATNA PRABHA.P
MOHAMMED MOHIUDDIN
CHANDRASHEKHAR.I

Introduction
Wikipedia is currently the largest and most popular
general reference work on the Internet. It is providing
a convenient text messaging interface to the
Wikipedia. This product aims at providing a quick
response to all your queries by in turn querying the
web / Wikipedia. This service works on SMS basis
and one need not activate GPRS in order to avail this
service.
This project aims in reading and deleting requested
query and replies back through a mobile or
telephone.
The very first task of this project is to design interface
card that is to be connected to parallel port of the
system to handle ample number of inputs and
outputs. The parallel port is to be programmed to
configure the input and output ports.
The second task is designing telephone interfacing
circuits which should work out to be very economical,
efficient and accommodates approved circuits of
telephone and it can be implemented easily avoiding
dangerous voltages to pass the telephone line.
The next task is developing dynamic link library files
for interaction of hardware with software. Then
application is to be developed for querying database,
handling messaging concepts and finally handling
speech technology which includes installing speech
engine, downloading speech interface to application,
writing software code to make use of speech engine
properties.
Objectives :
The product should perform the following tasks:
Listen to the incoming SMS.
Process the SMS
Connects to internet automatically.
Authentication of user
Querying database
Log on to server
Get the required information from server.
Checks the user requested mode (text or audio).
Sends a reply to the user according to the mode
chosen by user.
Data Flow Diagram

The user have a option for the both text and audio
message, if the user selects for the text message
then it will be sent through the mobile phone which is
connected to the computer system, and if user
selects for the audio call then it will automatically
fetches the number from the message sent by the
user and then it will converts the text message in to
the audio call by using the half duplex voice modem
then calls from the land line which is connected to
the modem.
The system automatically checks for internet
connection, if the user sends a message it will
checks the user name, password with maintained
database, if the username and password is correct
then it will go for next step with checking of response
type after that it will go for checking the query type
and query, then from the given link it implicitly go for
searching then it will displays the answer for the
query then it will sends the reply to the user
depending up on the requested response type.
Conclusion
Required information from anywhere in the desired
mode (voice or text) can be collected just by sending
the message with a very less cost. It also saves
much of the user time as there is no need to activate
GPRS connection.
The project designing can be further made used
to avail other services like weather forecasts,
news update, stock market updates etc.
Enhancement can be made such that user can
select the search engine of his choice other than
Wikipedia.
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87. COMPUTER RECOGNITION FOR
HANDWRITTEN ENGLISH &
KANNADA CHARACTERS

COLLEGE : RURAL ENGINEERING COLLEGE, HULKOTI.
GUIDE : MAHANTESH SAJJAN
STUDENTS : ANJUMARA.U.KANKUDTI
PUSHPA.L.TUKKANATTI
SAVITA.G.KAMMAR
VEENA .S.TATUSKAR
Introduction
The goal of this project is machine recognition for
handwritten English and Kannada characters. This is
one step towards the ultimate goal of automatic
machine reading of complete pages of text. There
are many OCR systems are available for handling
printed, handwritten and cursive scripts in English
documents. But there are not many OCR systems for
Asian Languages. this motivated by the fact that
there are no much efforts at developing document
analysis systems for the South Indian Kannada
Language. The OCRs task is to identify the
characters of Kannada script
The Block Diagram of model is shown below;

Methodology and Results
Proposed method horizontal & vertical profile of
image histogram to segment the lines words and
characters, finds boundary for a character and the
result semengeted character is given to feature
extraction scheme to obtain distinct and invariant
features for identifying different characters . The
method extracts invariant features by average
distance from zone centroid to each pixel present in
the zone computed. This procedure is repeated for
all zones present in the image. Finally such features
are extracted for classification and recognition.
The proposed model comprises four stages. In the
first stage Preprocessing includes steps necessary to
bring the input data into acceptable form for feature
extraction. The raw data is subjected to Noise
reduction, Slant correction, Size Normalization &
Thinning. In second stage preprocessed image is
segmented into lines, words & characters. In the third
stage, feature extraction done using zone based. In
last stage for classification and recognition Template
matching is used. The training phase consists of
storing the features and Templates of characters
samples, in classification phase, the same features
are computed for test samples. Then Classification
and recognition is achieved on basis of similarity of
template matching.

ELECTRICAL AND
ELECTRONICS
88. IMPLEMENTATION OF INTELLIGENT
DIGITAL ENERGY METER

COLLEGE : ACHARYA POLYTECHNIC BANGALORE
GUIDE : MRS. SUNITA V.M.
STUDENTS : ROHIT SINGH GAHLOT
MD. DANISH ANWER
OLIVIA MAZUMDER
LALIT BHARDWAJ

Introduction
In this project one can monitor the usage of the
electrical energy by the consumer to send the bill for
energy consumed and to disconnect the power line
automatically within the given time. Also the power
theft detection in form of overload is identified. The
over voltage and low voltage lines are detected and
suitable message is sent to the ground station.
Objectives
To design and Implementation of Intelligent Digital
Energy Meter for remote monitoring energy meter
reading.
Methodology
In this project microcontroller in the consumer
premises will calculate and will send this information
the ground station. In the ground station there is
another microcontroller, which calculates the bill and
sends back an SMS to the consumer GSM number
about the bill payment including last date of payment,
If the user does not pay the bill within time, the
ground station will send another SMS to cut off the
mains, then it disconnects the mains by switching off
the relay. Later if the bill is paid, the system sends
that information to the ground station, and the ground
station will send one more SMS to connect the mains
to the load.
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Functional block diagram:

Figure: Consumer side

Figure: Ground Station (KEB)
a) Automatic Meter Reading System (AMR system)
collects data from remote substation metering
device to analyses, provide daily usage, total
usage and real time data, energy accounting &
graphical representation of Electrical network.
b) The system allows the utilities to provide a wide
range of services especially in the area of energy
theft in a power distribution system.
c) This system can be used in power stations and
substations
89. MICROCONTROLLER BASED
PARTIAL LOADED INDUCTION
MOTOR SCHEME

COLLEGE : HIRASUGAR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,
NIDASOSHI
GUIDE : BALWANT PATIL
AMIT NESHTI
STUDENTS : PRASHANT KUMBAR
PRABHAKAR BANDAGAR
SACHIN VETAL
NEELAKANTAYYA HIREMATH
Introduction
In todays power scenario people are facing a major
power crunch. Day by day gap between demand and
supply of electric energy is widening. Bridging this
gap from supply side is very difficult and expensive
proportion. The only viable way in handling these
crises, in addition to capacity addition, is the efficient
use of available energy sources.
Industries consume about 50% of the power
generated in the country and electric motors
consume around 76% of the total electricity used in
the industrial sector. On the same line an
investigation of the electrical energy saving obtained
by reducing the terminal voltage of Induction Motors
when they are not loaded or only partially loaded is
presented. Motor operates at full voltages at no load,
Core Loss Has a Large Value. When Core Loss
Becomes Equal To Copper Loss the loss has
minimum value and efficiency is maximum. For each
loading, there is an Optimum Value of Voltage for
which the loss is minimum At no load operation, the
saving can be as high as 50%. The saving decreases
with the increase of load. Intermittent disconnection
of the supply voltage can lead to considerable energy
saving if the interruption interval is sufficiently long.
Objectives
Estimating the Motor Load using the Amperage
Ratio Technique.
Sensor to determine the current drawn by motor
at different loads.
Converter to have the digital form (ADC) of this
measured current and is fed to Microprocessor to
compare this value with values present in look up
table. Then error signal derived from comparison
is converted to analog form (DAC) and is then
given to ZCD.
ZCD(Zero Crossing Detector) used with other
circuit elements as a function of simple voltage
switch
Voltage Regulator depending on the ZCD output
such that terminal voltage is appropriate to
current drawn and is given to the Induction
Motor.
Methodology
The method is used to partial load the induction
motor with no effect of efficiency is amperage ratio
technique shows that the controller used for
microprocessor and zero crossing detector as per the
amperage ratio technique which is given as
Amperage Ratio Technique:

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When motor is loaded by 5kg mechanical load it
draws 5.4Amps, thus variations can be observed in
efficiency and power factor when motor is operated
at optimum voltage level instead of nominal voltage.
90. A NOVEL MODEL FOR MOULDING
PROCESS IN FOUNDRY USING
CAPACITIVE PROXIMITY SENSOR

COLLEGE : KLE'S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND
TECHNOLOGY, BELGAUM
GUIDE : PROF S.M.BANI
STUDENTS : RAGHVENDRAPRASAD DESHPANDE
SIDDALINGESHWAR SANGOLLI
VISHWANATH MALAGE
DEEPIKA SHENOY

Introduction
Moulding is a process of preparing cavities of
suitable shapes using patterns formed by manual
operations or machines. The various materials are
sand cement plaster and special moulding mixtures
like resin and catalyst. While mixing sand with resin
and catalyst which are simultaneously pumped by
motors which are driven by variable frequency drive.
While mixing if there is any problem in one of the
valve driven by solenoid causes non availability of
one or both liquid which is basically due to valve
failure. It causes irregular mixture which is treated as
waste material in foundries. Therefore availability of
sand and both liquids forms the basic need of the
moulding process. This project is about devising a
system to ensure the availability of both liquids and
to take miserable action y one of the liquids is not
available.
There are only four possible malfunctions.
1. Coil burnout
2. Failure to open
3. Failure to close
4. Solenoid valve noise
Objectives to device a moulding process using
prexious sensor:
To detect the availability of resin and catalyst
used for and to moulding process the solenoid is
one of is not available.
To reduce waste otherwise produced due to the
non availability of one of the liquid
Methodology

Here using two capacitive proximity sensors which
detect the liquid flow. Based on the sensors output
control action is initiated by microcontroller. If any
valve fails to operate then sensor output is low which
is given as input to microcontroller. Here we are
using AT89C51 microcontroller for controlling the
process .When microcontroller port receives high
output from both the sensors then only both
solenoids are operated. By suitable programming of
microcontroller this type of control can be easily
achieved. Therefore if any of the valves fails to
operate then entire system is turned off using
microcontroller and buzzer continuously beeps. The
control circuitry is as shown in figure.
Results and conclusions:
Using new approach the team are able to detect the
valve failure and got the results as
1. Initially both valves are turned on using
microcontroller
2. If any one valve is not operating then both are
turned
This system can be used effectively in the foundries
to detect the valve failure.
Usually foundry environment is dusty. As the valve
operates there is a possibility of formation of layer of
liquid in the pipe. The capacitive proximity sensors
which is used in this project are very sensitive and if
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they are used in the foundries then after every 3 days
sensitivity has to be adjusted. But it is possible to
avoid this by using automatic capacitive proximity
sensors which are designed such that their sensitivity
is adjusted automatically. Then this approach could
be a very good solution as a valve failure detector in
foundries and other industries where it is very
necessity to avoid wastage.
91. SOLAR POWERED BICYCLE -
SURYAASHWA

COLLEGE : RNS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,
BANGALORE
GUIDE : MR. SRIDHAR S,
STUDENTS : MR. BASAVARAJ TATTI
HARSHENDRA N SHET K
KARTHIK H
RAJESH M DHUME
Introduction
Due to the increasing oil price this alternate means of
transport should be powered by sources of energy
like solar, wind etc that are freely available in nature
and also free from pollution. Motorized bicycle
powered by solar energy is an answer to all the
above present needs. Today highly developed
electric bicycles are available and these use so little
power that it costs little to buy the equivalent amount
of solar electricity. The same system also works for
electric motorcycles, which were also first developed
for the Tour de Sol. This is rapidly becoming an era
of solar production.
Objectives
The project SURYAASHWA The solar powered
bicycle aims at:
Developing an alternate mode of transport, this
has the advantage of low running cost as well as
long range.
Developing environmentally sustainable zero
emission vehicle.
Effective utilization of solar power.
Methodology

Block diagram of a solar cycle
Solar powered bicycles have zero running cost as
compared to any other motor driven vehicles. To tap
the solar energy we use photovoltaic cell mounted
suitably in front and back end of the cycle each 12V,
10W. The PV cells are connected in series to deliver
a voltage of 24V.Charging of battery by PV cell is
controlled by solar charge controller. This increases
battery life, which would be otherwise less because
of variation in solar radiations. The so generated
electrical power is stored in battery. Two 12V, 12AH
sealed lead acid battery is connected in series to
produce a voltage of 24V, 12AH. The motor used
here is 24V/250W Hub Motor mounted on the rear
wheel .This motor is powered by battery. It provides
an advantage of high torque to weight ratio, low
supply voltage and easily mounted on the rear wheel.
A motor controller is provided to control the speed of
the cycle. Connections from the battery, motor and
throttle are given to the motor controller.
Results and Discussions
The Solar powered bicycle built with the above
methodology was tested for its performance under
practical conditions.
a) In a level road with a pay load of 100kg, it was
observed that:
Average speed=12kmph, Motor current = 6A,
back up for 2 hours, Range of the cycle is 24km.
b) In an up gradient of 30% with a pay load of 100kg,
it was observed that:
Average speed=8kmph, Motor current = 10A,
back up for 1.2 hours for a discharge current of
10A, Range of the cycle is 9km.
c) In a mixture of both level road and up gradient of
30% with a pay load of 100kg, it was observed
that:
Average speed=10kmph, Motor current=8A, back
up for 1.5 hours, Range of the cycle is 15km.
d) The charging time was found to be 18hours on a
sunny day.
e) Limitations
Average speed is only 10-15kmph.
Range of cycle is 15km which is not sufficient in
remote places.
Increase in weight compared to normal bicycle.
Higher initial investment.
Suitable only for single rider.

Scope for Future Development
Compact solar panel like flexible photovoltaic
modules can be used. This reduces the clumsy
appearance of the bicycle and also makes use of
surface area to absorb solar power more
efficiently.
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Higher capacity compact batteries like Lithium-
Ion batteries can be used instead of Sealed Lead
Acid batteries.
Hub Motor with higher capacity can be used with
increase in capacity of batteries. So the motor
can longer duration at higher speed.
The solar panel presently used can be protected
against mechanical shocks and disturbance by
suitable safety measures.
92. AUTOMATIC FEEDING AND
TEMPERATURE CONTROL IN
POULTRY

BANGALORE.
GUIDE : PROF PRADEEP B JYOTI
STUDENTS : RAM NIWAS SINGH
SHALINI PK
RAJESHWARI.T
SOMASEKHEKAR V.M

Introduction
The birds need a balanced diet in the right quantity
for a disease free growth. Improper diet can result in
the outbreak of a disease. So the feed given to the
birds should be specially formulated keeping various
factors in mind.
Another important aspect of poultry farms is disease
control. Adequate precautions need to be taken to
keep diseases at bay. This is to ensure that the
visitor does not carry any impurities inside. This is
but one aspect of farm management. Ensuring
adequate water supply and the right amount of feed
supply to the birds, keeping a look out for any sick
bird, etc. are all a part of the daily work which goes
on in a poultry farm.
There are other specialised areas of functioning
required in a poultry farm. These specialisations are
vaccinations, artificial insemination, research on feed
formulation, managing the amount of light the birds
are exposed to (this has an effect on productivity
too), use of feed additives, etc.
Objective
AFLCP (automatic feeding and lighting control in
poultry) is an agricultural based project designed in
such a way that it can be used by the commercial as
well as rural people.
The project incorporates simple use of level
detectors in the form of sensors at various critical
regions & temperature sensors in the form of LDR to
control the food, water & lighting cum temperature
respectively.
The project is unmanned but is controlled by trained
person at the top level. This project is designed using
simple logic & can be easily understood by any
person.
Methodology

Various level sensors are used to control the flow of
water and food with the help of a couple of solenoid
valve. LDR is used to light the poultry farm and in
turn control the temperature in the room. A real time
clock can be used to insure proper working of the
apparatus during power blackouts. All these sensors
and solenoid valves can be connected to the relays
for timely and safe operation.
The food storage unit and water storage unit is filled
first. The SSR (solid state relays) relays decides
when to open and close the gate controllers
depending on the amount of food and water in the
bowl, which is detected by the pair of sensors fitted
on each bowl. Whenever the level of food\water goes
below lower sensor then the respective solenoid
valve opens and food\water flows into the bowl until
the level is equivalent or more then the upper
sensors.
A number of halogen bulbs can be used to heat the
room during cooler environmental conditions. When
the room temperature is lower then the required
temperature at night then the bulbs are ON to make
the room temperature equal to the required
temperature.
The food tank has to be filled once or twice in a
month depending upon the size of storage tank and
the user requirements. When the water tank has less
or no water in it then a water pump of suitable rating
can be used to pump the water in the tank
To fill the top tank same circuit can be used. In this
case the LEDs should be connected to the source
(i.e ground water) and instead of solenoid a water
pump can be connected to force the water to the
sink.
Discussion & conclusion
This project has been successful in combining
different automated units to work together in a single
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poultry farm unit. The different units were controlled
by the relay ports. The relays operated as switches
to turn on or off the unit connected to that particular
relay port. Most of the materials were purchased by
team members. The entire unit was tested without
chicken to prevent the damage to the project during
testing.
93. GLUCK MASCOTT EN FISICAS
(VEHICLE FOR PHYSICALLY
CHALLENGED)

BANGALORE
GUIDE : PRADEEP B JYOTI.
STUDENTS : AMRUTH P V
GOWTHAM N G
CHANDAN V

Introduction
The proposed wheel chair incorporates an electric
motor operated with the battery for its to and fro
motion .since the user is limbless special embedded
technology is carried in to it which can operate the
remote unit with a stick in his mouth. Their is a
receiver unit which records the receive the
information from the remote and cause various
operations like turn right ,turn left, seat up, seat
down, seat rotate and additional controls like head
lights and tail lights operation.
Technical details
The vehicle will be fabricated using all the
mechanical features to give adequate strength to
carry a person weighing around 100kg.
The electrical aspects like motor to propel the
wheel chair will be of 0.2HP coupled to a gear
box which will drive a load of 320 kg.
A battery of 42AH is incorporated to power up
the motors and the electrical lighting of the wheel
chair.
The battery charging is done by solar panel
which will also act like a shelter for the wheel
chair.
The chair movement i.e. upwards, downwards,
and circular rotation is be achieved by using a
power window motor.
The static relay used will be DC-DC relays with
higher voltages and current capacity.
A speedometer of the digital type is also be
equipped.
Methodology
Electrical Motor units coupled with Gear.
Remote Control System.
Mechanical Assembly, with gears are
incorporated in the system.
Conclusion
The electric motors are effectively controlled with the
help of remote block.
94. AUTOMATIC CONTROL OF WATER
SUPPLY AND STREET LIGHTING
USING PLC

TECHNOLOGY, TUMKUR
GUIDE : PROF.P.M.CHANDRASHEKARAIAH
STUDENTS : KIRAN KUMAR T.R.
UMASHANKAR T.P.
MOHAN KUMAR.G.S
PRADEEP.N

Objectives
The aim of the project is to design a programmable
logic controller which controls water supply to the
different streets of a particular locality by turn.
The circuit is designed using LDR and other
components which controls ON/OFF of the street
lights depending on the illumination that falls on the
kit.
The time limit of water supply is one hour at a time
for a particular street and it can be changed by
simple programming.
Methodology
Municipal Water Supply Control : The water reservoir
tank of a particular area is filled up during midnight
using motor because during this period the energy
consumed by the consumer will be less. The water is
supplied to street1 for a duration of one hour in the
morning and after one hour the water supply to
street1 is automatically stopped and water will be
supplied to street2 for the next one hour and this
process is repeated for the other streets in the
locality.
This type of water supply arrangement will help all
the people in the locality to get water supply almost
every day for one hour even if there is power failure
during the next day.
The sensors are used to detect the level of water in
tank reservoir to switch ON/OFF the motor.The
solenoid valves are used for water supply for a
particular street for one hour duration and supply to
street2 is started.
The PLC continuously measures all the parameters
and switches ON the motor at night and solenoid
valves are opened during day time.
Street Lighting Control: The LDR is used to sense
the low level illumination and switch ON the street
lights from evening to morning and after morning the
street lights will be automatically turned off.
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The LDR has characteristics that when the light
intensity is high its resistance is low and vice versa.
The street lights are controlled to save the energy
and also reduce the lighting cost.

Parameters involved:
Programmable logic controller
Sensors, solenoid valves
Motors
LDR
IR transistor & IR LED
Power consumed is around 5W
95. EMBEDDED BASED AUTOMATION
OF SUBSTATION USING GSM BASED
TECHNOLOGY

TECHNOLOGY, TUMKUR
GUIDE : MS. DHRUVA KUMARI C.S
STUDENTS : AMRUTHA RANI.K
CHAITHRA T.S
SHWETHA T.M
NANDINI .C
Introduction
This type of system is very useful in 11KV, 33KV,
110KV sub stations. This system checks the different
failure parameters like single phase fault, Under
voltage, over voltage, under current, over current
parameter at substation. If any parameter has failed,
then this system does not transmit power.
Simultaneously, it SMS the faulty parameters name
to the mobile of sub station authorized person. It
also announces vocally which parameters are failed.
This system is designed using PIC micro controller
and GSM Module. By making some modifications we
can use for other industrial applications.
To safe guard the substation from damage, by
developing a model that senses the various
parameter as mentioned above by sending a
message and announcing vocally to the in charge
person during abnormal conditions. Whenever any
fault occurs the main supply automatically cut off the
power, then announces vocally and send a message
of the faulty parameter to the mobile of substation
authorized person.
Objectives
The main objective of selecting this project is to gain
the knowledge and experience in safeguarding the
substation from damage .Apart from this to gain the
knowledge of microcontroller and other components
used in the model and the ways in which they can be
used for sensing different parameters of the
substation.
Result
The system is sensing parameters such as voltage,
current and three phase lines. Whenever these
parameters are not in the specified range then the
system will stop the distribution of power to further
sub stations, also announce vocally indicating the
parameter that has to be rectified fixed at the control
room and SMS the name of the faulty parameter
directly to the substation engineers mobile. These
conditions are discussed as shown below:
Voltage: When the applied voltage is greater than
4V then the output on the first opamp will be logic 1.
The obtained output voltage is known as over
voltage.
When the applied voltage is less than the 2V then the
output on the second opamp will be logic 1. The
obtained output voltage is known as under voltage.
Temperature: When the input voltage is greater than
500mV then the output will be obtained for the first
opamp. The obtained output voltage is known as
over current.
When the applied voltage is more than the 300mV
then the output will be obtained for the second
opamp. The obtained output voltage is known as
under current.
Three Phase Lines: When any of three lines i.e. R,Y
or B is not working then logic high at PB4, PB5 or
PB6 can be got respectively.
96. POWER GENERATION BY SEWAGE
WATER USING MICROBES

TECHNOLOGY, TUMKUR
GUIDE : MR. YOGANANDA.B.S
DR. GOVINDAPPA.M
STUDENTS : KAVYA.T.R
POSHITHA.B
SHILPA.C
SHRUTHI.R
Objective
The aim of present study is to investigate the
possibility of better treatment of urban waste
water for microbial electricity generation and
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evaluation of different bacterial species to know
their efficacy in generation of high current.
A prototype reactor (MFC graphite electrode
without any coating) was built and tested using
waste water obtained from local waste water
treatment plant.
The electricity generation accompanied by waste
water treatment demonstrated by the removal of
organic matter in the form of chemical oxygen
demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand
(BOD).
Used different species of bacteria such as
Escherichia coli, Agrobacterium tumafaciens,
Pseudomonas fluorescens and Pseudomonas
syringae pv. syringae (brown spot in beans) in
order to check efficiency in electricity generation
in individually as well as in combination of all.
Methodology
Pseudomonas fluorescens BTSIET03, Escherichia
coli ABUOM01, Agrobactrium tumafaciens BTSIET04
and Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae BTSIET05
were isolated from the campus soil, Sira Road,
Tumkur, stock culture, Department of Applied Botany
and Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Mysore,
Pongamia crown gall and brown spot disease of
bean respectively. All of these cultures were mass
multiplied anaerobically in nutrient broth () for 24 hrs
at 36+2
0
C in a 100 conical flask. Five different
microbial fuel cell devices were made and each
bacterial species were added (30ml) to the 100 ml
MFC device individually for four bacteria and same
set up was done but all connections was given to one
mltimeter. After inoculation, curret readings were
aken sequentially and data were tabulated. The data
reported below are means based in values that were
obtained in triplicate experiments and were within
standard deviation each other.
Block diagram:

As shown in the block diagram mainly there are two
chambers are present, in one chamber (Anode
chamber) waste water, microbes and electrodes are
placed. In another chamber (Cathode chamber)
electrolyte solution and electrode are placed. Chuck
the voltage through multi meter. Increase the voltage
with amplifier design and store it in a battery.
Outcome of the project
High electricity producing bacteria will be isolated
and characterized.
High electricity production will be generated using
individual and mixed bacterial species.
High electricity generation from low cost portable
device.
Waste will treat by reducing COD, BOD, and that
can be used for gardening, agricultural field etc.

ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
97. AN 'EYE' FOR THE BLIND

COLLEGE : B V B COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND
TECHNOLOGY, HUBLI
GUIDE : MR. PRIYATAM KUMAR
STUDENTS : ADARSH PATIL
PRAVEEN SANDIGAWAD
ADITYA N. JOSHI
Introduction
The device the Eye for the blind is a prototype; by
using which the blind person can freely move.
Whenever a blind person enters an organization all
he has to do is that he has to select his destination
by pressing the respective button. Whenever a
destination is selected the vocal messages which the
earphone produces will guide him gradually to his
destination. The vocal messages include the basic
directions like move right, left, straight, turn etc.
The organization will be divided into discrete blocks
each given a RF (radio frequency) transmitter which
has a unique code embedded on it. The RF
transmitter will be in the form of tag and continuously
emanates the code in form of RF wave. The device
what the blind person will be holding contains the
receiver which receives the code transmitted by
transmitters and forwards it to the processor. As said
each code is unique for every code the processor
outputs THE CORRESPONDING VOCAL
MESSAGE TO GUIDE THE PERSON TO his
destination. For every block as a reference point,
every other block is connected by a unique shortest
path. Upon selecting a particular destination,
depending upon the position of the person that
unique path gets activated by the processor. The
device will be provided to the blind person in the form
of 'stick' which has receiver, processor and other
necessary devices embedded within it.
Objectives
1) To enable blind people visit and move around
any organization independently and easily.
2) To put blind people back to work, so that they
can earn income for the welfare of their family.
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3) The main objective is to make blind people think
that they are also the part of the modern society
and need no assistance in order to move freely.
Methodology
With the help of this product, blind people will get a
perception of a big organization as a collection of
several small organizations. Percept of a small
organization is easy for any average blind person. To
achieve this, the help of Radio Frequency
Identification (RFID) is used. RFID is the use of an
object applied to or incorporated into a product for
the purpose of identification and tracking using the
radio waves. Some tags can be read from a distance
of several meters and some beyond the sight of the
reader. RFID tags contain at least two parts. One is
the integrated circuit for storing and processing
information. The second one is antenna for receiving
and transmitting the signal. The whole concept
included Radio Frequency Transmitter (RF Tx),
Radio Frequency Receiver (RF Rx), Voice
processing unit and Earphone.

Transmitter Section

Receiver Section
Real time implementation of the project:

Tree View of Real Time Implementation
By implementing this project to an organization a
number of blind persons can move freely in that
organization. Its has a low implementation cost and a
very low maintenance cost. Once implemented it will
be helpful for blind people to meet the person whom
they are in need of, to get there work done, to move
as free as any other person does. The moral strength
that a blind person gets being independent in
movement is enormous and by this project and
making an attempt to provide them that happiness
and to bring them back to working category in
society.
98. RF BASED SPEECH CONTROL
ROBOT

COLLEGE : B.V.BHOOMARADDI COLLEGE OF
ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, HUBLI
GUIDE : MS. ROHINI HONGAL
STUDENTS : SANJEEVRAO KULKARNI
SHASHANK PUJAR
SUDHEENDRA KATARKI
VINAY JAIN
Introduction
There has been a lot of infiltration activity across the
border for a long time. Monitoring the infiltration
activity manually has been a difficult task. To
facilitate a foolproof border refuge, an automated
system can be used. In this project, an attempt is
made to design such a system. The project focuses
on controlling the motion of a robot based on the
speech commands given by the user. The system
can be used in places where human intervention
might be fatal. It can also be used in locations where
extremities in climate exist. The added advantage of
the system is that it is equipped with a wireless
camera which sends back the images of the
ambiance where the robot is situated.
Objectives
To design and develop RF based speech contror
for remote contror when human intervenhon is not
possible.
Methodology

Block diagram of the system
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The functional description of the block diagram is as
follows:
The speech input is given by the user using a
microphone. Speech recognition algorithm is
implemented in MATLAB. Linear Predictive Coding
(LPC) is used as feature extraction method, followed
by Euclidean distance method for speech
recognition. The various steps involved in the
algorithm are:
The system is trained for a set of voice
commands. The letters A, E, I, O and U are used
as voice commands, since the probability of
detection for these commands is considerably
good.
The training process involves getting the voice
input from the user, carrying out feature
extraction using LPC, followed by finding out the
cepstrum.
The cepstrum coefficients are stored in the
MATLAB database.
In real time, whenever a voice input is given by
the user, feature extraction is done involving the
steps of LPC and cepstrum computation.
The Euclidean distances between the cepstrum
coefficients of real time command and those
stored in the database are calculated.
The command corresponding to the minimum
Euclidean distance is recognized.
Once the speech is recognized, a corresponding
command is sent to the wireless transmitter via
serial port.
The wireless camera mounted on the robot acts as a
feedback to the user and forms a closed loop
system.
1) The recognition of speech commands A, E, I, O
and U has been achieved satisfactorily. The
wireless transmission of the signals
corresponding to the voice commands is
achieved.
2) The objective of controlling the motions of the
robot using speech commands is achieved
satisfactorily.
3) The feedback received from the camera has
proved to be useful for the user to control the
robotic motions.
4) The flexibility of the system permits it to be
trained for many other letters and words as well,
thereby providing an option to perform more
robotic actions.
5) The added feature of the system is the speaker
independent speech recognition. However, the
speech recognition can be made speaker
dependent thereby providing user authentication.
99. PORTABLE BOOK READER AN AID
FOR VISUALLY CHALLENGED

COLLEGE : BANGALORE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,
BANGALORE
GUIDE : MR. C.P.NARENDRA
STUDENTS : HARSHIT .N. SRIVATSA
DANKAN.V.GOWDA
Introduction:
Books are the major sources of knowledge, even in
the present world of internet. The population consists
of roughly about 2.6% of visually impaired people as
per the latest statistics. Due to their visual disability
its highly difficult for them to refer books. Of course
this can be done by using Braille system. However
this method has a number of limitations such as
printing cost, training period, School budget
constraints, limited number of available copies, etc..
Being the students of electronics and
communications, Look for an alternative to Braille
system using the combination of two methods,
namely, optical character recognition and text to
speech conversion. In Kannada language, there is a
very little progress being made in practical
implementation of the above two methods. This
motivated to implement the Portable Book Reader for
Kannada language.
Objective
This project aims at aiding the visually impaired
persons to read printed Kannada papers and books.
The present Braille system is time-consuming for
large collection of books and also requires special
training to blind people. Reports say that only less
percentage of blind people presently use Braille
system. The surveys conducted by many
organisations reflect the fact that blind people prefer
listening to audio instead of Braille. Also the number
of Braille copies available is not sufficient for all the
graduate and post-graduate courses, making it
difficult for blind to get higher education. So it gives
an economic, electronic-alternative to the present
Braille system.
Methodology
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Librarians/family members may scan the hard copies
to obtain digital images. Printed Kannada books or
the printed Kannada papers are scanned to obtain
digital images for further processing. The digital
images so obtained are fed as an input to the
"IMAGE-TO-TEXT" converter which is implemented
with MATLAB. The output of "IMAGE-TO-TEXT is
basically text which will be stored in memory as a
text file. However information in this form cannot be
used by visually impaired. Hence the text file is
further processed by TEXT TO SOUND block to
convert the text to speech. In this project TEXT TO
SOUND device is implemented using MATLAB code.
This block does the job of converting the text to
sound using look-up table which matches the symbol
code to corresponding sound files and combine all
such audio files together to form a complete audio
file. The conversion of text to speech is direct in case
of Kannada language, since, Kannada script is
phoneme based. The final audio file corresponding to
characters in the Kannada document can be played
on any commercially available mp3 players.
To minimize the storage requirements, the data can
be stored in form of text files rather than image or
audio files, since text files take up less space on
memory than audio or image files. Later these text
files can be converted to voice files only when
necessary.
Thus the system becomes completely a portable,
less power consumption application. Moreover due to
globalisation and mass production, the cost of
memory devices has gone down significantly. Thus
the memory is adjustable as per end-users
convenience.
Thus once the Kannada books are scanned, they
can be easily converted into voice files using our
MATLAB code, at home itself, without any additional
cost. Blind people can just listen to these audio files
using portable MP3 players, which is equivalent to
reading the document. This project mainly aims at
common people, so we do the conversion of text-to-
voice entirely in software, avoiding any additional
cost on hardware, thus making a low-cost
application.
Conclusion
The combination of optical character recognition and
text-to-speech can be combined to provide an
electronic alternative to the present Braille system,
so that people, who are visually challenged, can read
the books. This project gives the voice files in form of
wav files which can be comfortably heard on
available MP3 players.
100. APPLICATION OF ZIGBEE FOR
POLLUTION MONITORING BY
AUTOMOBILES

TECHNOLOGY, DHARWAD
GUIDE : PROF. S R PUROHIT
STUDENTS : PRAVEEN N PATIL
PRASANNAKUMAR V K
SACHIN R TOTAD
SAMEER S BELLUBBI

Introduction
Micro-climate monitoring usually requires deploying a
large number of measurement tools. By adopting
vehicular wireless sensor networks (VSNs), it can
use fewer tools to achieve fine-grained monitoring.
This work proposes VSN architecture to realize
micro-climate monitoring based on ZigBee on
vehicles.
The project demonstrates prototype of a ZigBee-
based car network to monitor the concentration of
carbon dioxide (CO2) gas in areas of interest. The
reported data are sent to a server, which is displayed
on a GUI, as our user interface. Since mobility of
these vehicles is not controllable and sending short
messages incurs charges, we also design an on-
demand approach to adjust vehicles reporting rates
to balance between the micro-climate accuracy and
the communication cost.
Objectives
To propose a new architecture based on VSNs to
support fine-grained micro-climate monitoring by
using a small number of measurement tools and,
based on the proposed architecture also to design an
adaptive approach to adjust the reporting rates of
vehicles to balance monitoring quality and
communication cost.
Methodology
The prototype contains a monitoring server, several
vehicular sensors, and ZigBee WSN networks. Each
vehicular sensor is equipped with sensors and a
ZigBee module and periodically reports its sensed
CO2 concentration and its current location to the
server. The monitoring server then calculates the
distribution of gas concentration and renders the
result. For each vehicular sensor, the intra-vehicle
network is a ZigBee network.
The zigbee used in the prototype has a range of 1.5
kms outdoor while its 300 meters indoor. The zigbee
module can be easily configured as a transmitter,
receiver or a transceiver. The range of the zigbee
can be increased by adding transceivers along the
path. The zigbee network is a mesh network and
very similar to adhoc network.
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The prototype gave very satisfactory result and
showed that this low cost application can be used to
monitor the environment in more easier and faster
way. To reduce the network congestion the data
rates at which the samples are sent can be easily
altered in the microcontroller depending on the area
of interest. The data rates were set to one sample
per 10 seconds in our prototype. Even the zigbee
modules can be easily reconfigured. The architecture
of the prototype is fairly simple and easily to
implement in large scale.
Scope for future work:
Since the range of zigbee is a major cause and
worry, the zigbee range can be improved. The
module can be easily integrated with the GPS
modules and hence the location of the sensor
vehicles can also be transmitted along with the
transmitted data.
101. AUTOMATIC CONTROL AND
COLLISION AVOIDANCE IN BRT
(BUS RAPID TRANSIT) SYSTEM

COLLEGE : BTL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND
MANAGEMENT
GUIDE : MR. BASAVARAJ G. K.
STUDENTS : JERIL JOSEPH
PRASHANTH M
ARUNNATH P K
NIDHIN NARAYANAN
Introduction
1. In Delhi and in many other cities, BRT (Bus
Rapid Transport system) have been installed in
which buses have have separate lanes. Buses
ply only on these lanes and these lanes are
separated from the rest of the road by barriers.
2. This project proposes to make these buses to be
automatically driven and the role of the driver
only limited as in case of trains.
3. Vehicle is fitted with distance sensors (like
ultrasonic sensors/IR sensors or something like
parking sensors) and an embedded processor or
a controller.
4. These sensors continuously monitor the distance
from the vehicle and the barriers or other
vehicles. The speed and steering of the vehicle
are controlled by the processor.
5. If the vehicle gets too close to one of the barriers,
the vehicle is automatically steered in the
opposite direction. And if there is any obstacle in
the front, the brake is automatically applied.
6. As an extension of it, a GPS module is installed
in it too. The stop can be defined accurately so
that the vehicle can continuously run until the
stop comes.
7. So, this system would greatly improve the
security of the vehicle. This would save a lot of
lives.
8. It would also considerably decrease the time of
travel. This would let the public transport system
make a lot more attractive and thereby reducing
the traffic.
9. Here just a prototype is made not considering
many practical aspects of the actual system. This
demonstrate this system by controlling DC
motors which can be later varied to control the
transmission system of the vehicle.
Methodology

Block diagram (At the receiver end)
Working principle
The main module consists of a ARM7 board with
auxiliary components like ports, etc., DTMF
decoder, and line driver IC.
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There are three distance sensors used. Two for
monitoring the distance from the barriers and the
third one for checking for any obstacle from the
front.
The data is acquired from the two sensors
continuously and applied as inputs to the ports of
the processor.
A program is written in the processor so as to
monitor the data acquired from the sensors. If a
sensor (Ultrasonic) senses the barrier close to it,
the vehicle is steered in the opposite direction.
The third sensor (IR) is also monitored
continuously, if it detects an obstacle in the front,
the vehicle is immediately stopped.
The vehicle was controlled manually using DTMF
and automatic control was done through sensors.
The obstacles were detected by the IR sensor upto a
range of 11cm and the barriers were detected by the
Ultrasonic sensors to a distance of pre adjusted
value of approximately 1ft.
Scope for Future Enhancements
The system has minimal applications only limited
to BRT systems. This can be extended to other
vehicles too by using advanced object detection
mechanisms.
The project currently employs simple object
detection mechanisms like IR and Ultrasonic
sensors. This obstacle detection mechanism can
be further enhanced by using Image processing
techniques.
As an addition, this can interface a GPS system
with the above system to track the vehicle and
also identify the bus stops and make it stop
automatically.
102. HARMFUL GAS AND HUMIDITY
SENSOR WITH WIRELESS (XBEE)
TRANSMISSION AND RECEPTION
ENABLED SMART INDUSTRIAL
PLANT WITH IVRS

MANGALORE.
GUIDE : MRS. VEENA DESAI.
STUDENTS : DEEPAK BHAT S.
DEEPAK NAYAK K.
DIKSHITH D. BHANDARY
GANESH BHAT B.

Introduction
This project introduces a new industrial plant, which
can be used to overcome the problem mentioned
above. The industrial plant consists of harmful gas
detection and temporary termination of the process
causing it. The industrial plant is planned such that it
reduces the manual workload and also takes care of
the security concerns.
On successful completion of this project, if it is
implemented in an industry as per the specifications
of the industry, it can be shown that the project would
be highly effective and would excel in all the means.
Objectives
To develop an industrial plant which can continuously
monitor the various physical parameters like gas
level, humidity and temperature in the working
environment of an industry, and transmit it via a
wireless medium called Xbee to a remote control
unit, display it and if it is not at a safe level, provide a
means for termination of the process causing the
same via secured subsystem called Interactive Voice
Response System.
The industrial plant has 2 sub units namely
1. Functional unit.
2. Control unit.
Functional unit comprises of a machine control unit
and overhead sensors. The 3 sensors used here are
gas, humidity and temperature sensor. The sensors
continuously monitor the respective levels and the
various data samples are transmitted to a remote
control unit by wireless technology (Xbee). The data
received is then displayed at the control unit and can
be represented in various levels such as normal,
warning and dangerous. The manual operator now
has full control of this process which is taking place
at some distance from the control unit.

Block Diagram of the Functional Unit
Results
As a first step towards the implementation of this
project, the power supply circuit is implemented.The
Microcontroller was placed on the board along with
the various ICs such as 555 Timer, ADC0809 etc.
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Next the codes for DTMF, LCD and ADC interfacing
with Microcontroller were worked out.
Gas, Humidity and Temperature were fitted to the
board. As the datasheets for Gas sensor was not
readily available, it was tested using materials such
as Petrol, Match Stick etc. Apart from that, the gas
sensor was tested for its sensitivity towards various
chemicals in the chemistry laboratory.
Few of the gases were liberated by performing
reactions and were tested. All the results were
tabulated and a datasheet was developed. Humidity
sensor was tested using boiling water vapour.
Temperature sensor was tested using heat of
soldering gun and ice cubes. Then, the reading of all
these sensors were displayed on a 16x2 LCD display
using a wireless transmission device called Xbee.
Conclusion
Harmful Gas and Humidity sensor with wireless
transmission and reception enabled smart industrial
plant with Interactive Voice Response System
provides a module which can be easily installed at
industrial level. It is also highly modifiable as per the
industrial applications.
103. BEVERAGE VENDING MACHINE

TECHNOLOGY, GUBBI, TUMKUR
GUIDE : DR. D.S SURESH KUMAR
STUDENTS : BALAJI V
LOHITH S
ANIL KUMAR S
YOGISHA V P
Introduction
These beverage vending machines are widely used
in various places like airports, railway stations,
restaurants, offices, hospitals, schools and hotels.
These vending machines are manufactured with high
quality raw materials and provide optimum efficiency
during operation. These are easily installed and
require low maintenance. Vending machines are
coin-operated machines that can dispense snacks,
drinks, sandwiches, coffee, tea and other products.
Vending machines are an extremely convenient
outlet for the industry known as automatic retailing.
Objectives
The idea of a vending machine is to vend or sell
goods to the consumer without intervention of a
cashier. Vending machines are easily accessible and
a part of today fast pace environment. Vending
machines are able to provide products to consumers
in an easy accessible way without having to wait in a
line up or go through a cashier. Products dispersed
by vending machines include a variety of different
beverages, snacks, hygiene products and other
essentials which consumers prefer easy access to.
The inventory sold in vending machines varies
depending on country and region.
Flow Chart:

Conclusion
Vending machines offers advantages such as
Smooth functioning, user friendly operation, durable
& reliable, resistant to heat & temperature, low
maintenance
These vending machines are widely used in Airports,
railway stations, restaurants, offices, hospitals,
schools, hotels etc.
104. DEVELOPMENT OF A PROTOTYPE
MICRO SYRINGE INFUSION PUMP

TECHNOLOGY, GUBBI
GUIDE : DR. SURESH KUMAR D S
STUDENTS : RAKESH ANAND S
RANJAN J DAYANAND
CHANUKYA P. J.

Introduction
An infusion device typically consists of three major
components: the fluid reservoir, a catheter system for
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transferring the fluids into the body, and most
importantly, a device that combines electronics with a
mechanism to generate and regulate flow. A pump
with a stepper or servo-controlled dc motor can be
used to provide the driving force for the fluid by
mechanized displacement of the contents in the fluid
reservoir. The infusion of drugs requires high flow
rate accuracy and flow uniformity. Sensors are used
to count the number of drops passing through the
drip chamber to provide flow feedback for automatic
rate adjustment. This project helps us to regulate the
flow of fluid into the human body.
Methodology
230V line voltage is step-down, rectified, filtered and
regulated using regulators to obtain desired voltages.
This circuit can give +5V output at about 150 mA
current.

Conclusion
Infusion pumps revolutionize the field of medical
sciences. The electronic maintenance of the fluid
infusion reduces the human error, which provides the
ultimate solution for the failure of the medical
treatment. The regular interval check up of the caring
unit is no necessary, with the system connected to
the main caring centre in the hospital; the flow of the
liquid can be maintained. Fatal errors can be
regulated using this system. The main aim of the
project will give the substantial savings in labor, time
and staff training costs. It is designed to grow cost
savings and improved operations. It saves staffs time
to inject the fluid into the human system at regular
intervals. This will increase maintenance rate of the
caring unit in the hospitals.
Future enhancements
The Infusion pumps can be further developed to
inject the fluid into the human body in smaller
syringes in microliters.
The resolution of the stepper motor can be
increased to improve the accuracy of the volume
of the fluid to be pushed in to the human body.
The bi-directional infusion pump can be made to
inject and draw the fluid from the body.
The multisyringe infusion pump can also be
embedded to inject different types of fluid at the
same time.
The Infusion pump can be connected to the Local
Area Network to communicate to the main Medical
Care Unit in the hospital which will indicate the
completion of fluid or any error in pumping the fluids.
105. WIRELESS INTELLIGENT SENSOR
NETWORK BASED SMART
BUILDING FOR GREEN
ENVIRONMENT AND SECURITY

COLLEGE : CMR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,
BANGALORE
GUIDE : MRS. N.Y. SREE RANJANI
STUDENTS : AVINASH ATHREYA .S
SHREYAS. D
RAVIKIRAN M. A.
Introduction
Environmental degradation and global warming are
among the major global challenges facing us. More
and more appliances have been introduced for the
comfort of humans which are contributing
continuously to increase in global warming. Active
involvement of the people is also required in reducing
environmental degradation. It is found that Power
generation, buildings including personal housing,
commercial buildings and offices, Industries and
Transport play a major role in global warming
through the emission of green house gases.
Judicious use of light, television, refrigerator , Air
conditioners, Fans etc by people in the building will
help a lot.
This study assessing the impact of smart sensor
based network technology in reducing greenhouse
gas emissions reveal that the technology has a high
potential to contribute to a reduction of emissions
across various fields of application.
Modern technologies like Smart grids and smart
power systems in the energy sector can have major
impacts on improving energy distribution and
optimizing energy usage. Smart Buildings can
contribute to major reductions of energy use.
Objective
The objective of the project is to demonstrate remote
monitoring and control of smart buildings with
wireless sensor network. Two buildings are chosen
which act as two nodes of the network and
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connected to a sink. The sink has a database where
the data of two buildings can be stored and analyzed
whenever required to take appropriate decisions.
The parameters monitored are Temperature,
Humidity, Movement and presence of light. The
actuators are activated automatically depending on
the sensor values and also the data is transmitted to
the sink.Security aspect of the building is also taken
care by detecting the intruder and smoke.
Methodology
A wireless smart sensor network consists of a
number of sensors spread across a geographical
area. Each sensor has wireless communication
capability and some level of intelligence for signal
processing and networking of the data.
Data Acquisition Sub system: Data Acquisition
Sub system consists of a number of intelligent
sensors spread across the geographical area where
the environment data has to be monitored. The
sensors are networked and hence are able to
communicate with each other. The intelligent collect
data like temperature, humidity etc and transmit the
same to a data collection node.
Data Analysis Sub system: The various sensor
data received is stored in a Data base with a Date
and Time stamp. The data on any date and time can
be retrieved and seen.
The data can also be monitored from a remote
location using internet.
The Project consists of three major sub systems
1. Sink Unit
2. Building1 Unit
3. Building2 Unit

Sink Unit : The Sink unit collects the sensor data
from Building1 and Building2 and sends them to VB
software for storage in data base. The sink asks for
the data whenever is required. It sends a command
to either Building1 or Building2 to get the parameters.
Building 1 : Building 1 waits for the command from
sink. It first gets the max temp value and then the
command to send data. When the command is
received the microcontroller reads all the sensor
values, process to compute the actual values and
send to sink.
Building 2 : Building 2 waits for the command from
sink. When the command is received the
microcontroller reads all the sensor values, process
to compute the actual values and send to sink.
Result
Remote monitoring and control of two buildings has
been successfully implemented.
The parameters that could be monitored in building1
are Temperature, Humidity, and Presence of light
and detection of intrusion.
Conclusion
Smart sensor network based smart buildings along
smart metering helps a lot of in the reduction of
power usage and optimized power generation.
According to a study abroad, up to 30% of power
could be saved using this technology. Also the
content of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere was
observed to be reduced by 59%.
Future Scope of Work
Future scope of work is to design the smart sensors
with components which are small and consume very
less power. Also to design batteries that can be
charged with solar power and retain the charge for a
long period.
106. INTEGRATED EMBEDDED
BIOMEDICAL WEARABLE VEST
FOR REMOTE MONITORING OF
PHYSIOLOGICAL SIGNALS WITH
DISTRESS ALARM AND GSM
TECHNIQUE WITH VB

DAVANGERE
GUIDE : MRS. MONIKA S.V. AND MISS MANJULA K
STUDENTS : AYESHA TAZEEN
JYOTI M.N
NAGEENA BANU
POONAM KOLVEKAR
Introduction
This project is about a vital sign monitoring system.
The system comprises a vest with an Embedded
Microcontroller monitoring unit and a central station
with which each unit communicates. The vest is worn
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on the body in engagement with the skin at a location
where data relevant to vital signs can be accurately
sensed, such as about the chest just below the
pectoral muscles. The unit collects some or all of the
following:
Body temperature data,
Smoke data (Environmental)
Heart Beat data, and
Body penetration data (Break sensor)
These data are collected, stored and analyzed to
detect if there is a deviation from the wearer's normal
condition, which the device is programmed to learn.
The parameters collected are transmitted to the
Doctors computer through a wireless (Radio
Frequency) transmission, regularly for monitoring.
Objective:
The aim of this project is to design a wearable
electronic vest that can monitor various vital medical
statistics (Body Temperature, body penetrated injury,
etc) and to give distress alarm in the event of an
abnormal behavior.

Model of the VEST
The Project consists of two major sub systems
a) Electronic VEST Configuration
b) Doctors Terminal for Monitoring
Electronic vest collects parameters like Temperature,
Heart beat, smoke and penetration of the patient and
all these parameters are transmitted to the Doctors
terminal.
a) Electronic VEST Configuration: The Electronic
VEST Configuration is actually the acquisition unit for
the various medical parameters. It collects data from
the respective sensors regularly. It consists of a
Programmable device like a Microcontroller, which
can collect data from various sensors and process
them for display and further transmission to a
Doctors Terminal for Monitoring.
b) Doctors Terminal for Monitoring: Doctors
terminal receives the data from the vest and displays
on the LCD display. The data received is sent to PC
to be stored in the Data base. A keyboard is provided
to enter the mobile number of the Doctor to whom
SMS has to be sent in case of emergency. A distress
alarm also is sounded in case of emergency.
Applications:
In the battle field soldiers wearing this vest can be
closely monitored by the doctors. New born babies
could be monitored for signs of sudden infant death
syndrome. To examine a diseased heart, doctors
could outfit their patients with an electronic vest
People at home after surgery could be monitored
closely by medical professionals miles away.
Conclusion
1) Designed and developed a model of wearable
Embedded VEST, using on various medical
sensors and a microcontroller.
2) By including few more sensors, the design can
be enhanced to make useful or suitable for many
patients
107. PICK AND PLACE ROBOTIC HAND
WITH OBJECT SENSING SYSTEM

COLLEGE : GSSS INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND
TECHNOLOGY FOR WOMEN, MYSORE
GUIDE : MR. CHANDRASHEKAR
M. ROOPA NANDINI
STUDENTS : DEEPTHI.M
KANCHANA.M.V
RANJITHA.P
VATSALA.M.K
Introduction
In most of the industrial jobs like welding, painting,
assembly, container filling etc. one of the major and
most commonly performed work is picking and
placing of jobs from source to destination. For this
purpose, pick and place robot may be used.
The project undertaken is to design a pick and place
robotic arm which has the capability to pick object
from a specific point from the first conveyer belt and
to place it safely at the other point on the second
conveyer belt. Along with the robotic arm, the
objective is to program a belt conveyer which allows
the objects to be placed on it and carries it to the
next location specified.
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In the manufacturing process of PCB, etching is the
most important step. This step is hazardous to
human beings as UV radiations were involved. A
solution is provided to overcome the hazard by
making robot to do their task.
Objectives
To develop a system where in a robotic arm
picks and places printed circuit boards from one
belt conveyer onto the other, after sensing the
place on the other conveyer belt, where the
PCBs has to be placed is vacant or the place is
preoccupied by other PCB and a system can be
operated in UV chamber also.
After the space becomes vacant on the second
conveyer the process resumes.
Block Diagram of Robotic Arm
In the block diagram of robotic hand shown below,
Microcontroller becomes the heart of the system
which controls the functions of other components.
The block diagram includes the following
components-Regulated power supply, Conveyer
belts, Optical Sensors,H-bridge driver, LCD, Geared
DC motors, Robotic arm explained in detail
individually.

Working Principle of Components
AC Power Supply is switched on. Regulated
power supply IC 7805 is used to provide a
regulated output of 5v, which is a input to
Microcontroller AT89S52.
AT89S52 is switched on; it turns on H-Bridge
driver which in turn drives conveyer belt carrying
PCB on it.
When PCB is present on Conveyer
belt(1)(embedded with grooves in
it),Microcontroller simultaneously drives motor
and lcd.
Initially Robotic arm will be in the rest position.
Microcontroller then activates motor2 to open the
gripper to pick the PCB placed on the circular
conveyer belt and close it after picked and then
activates motor1 to move clockwise.
Sensors(optical) on Conveyer belt(2) checks for
the presence or absence of PCB on Conveyer
belt(2).If the place is vacant (not occupied by
PCB) it causes an interrupt to Microcontroller.
Microcontroller then activates motor1 of Robotic
arm to move anticlockwise, and motor 1 to open
gripper and place PCB on conveyer belt(2)which
can be transported for further manufacturing
process.
The Robotic arm capable of picking and placing
PCBs from one conveyer belt to another is
successfully designed and it also senses the place
on other conveyer belt where the PCB is to be placed
is vacant or the place is occupied by the other PCB.
A microcontroller (AT89s52) is used to control the
entire operation of the system. The conveyer belts
are programmed successfully which carries PCBs in
it. Robotic arm designed weighs about half a kg with
a chosen DC motor. System is designed to work in
UV radiation environment.
108. VEHICLE ANTI-COLLISION USING
ULTRASONIC SIGNALS

COLLEGE : GSSS INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND
TECHNOLOGY FOR WOMEN
GUIDE : PADMASHREE .S.P
STUDENTS : DEEPIKA. M
JAYASHREE G.K
SHYAMALA .N
SUNITA B.PATIL

Introduction
The vehicle collision can be avoided by using
ultrasonic signals. Opposite vehicles are sensed by
using ultrasonic signals. There are several distance
measuring tequniques like Infrared, Radio Wave
(RADAR), Ultra Sonic Waves (SONAR) each of them
have some advantages and disadvantages. Most of
the time, optical tequniques are preferred for their
high resolution. However they are not best suited for
the transparent objects. On the other hand, although
ultrasonic distance measurement has lower
resolution (fraction of wavelength of sound) it
performs much better than optical in unclean
environments or with transparent objects. Ultrasonic
technology is another very popular method for
distance measurement hence it is employed in our
project.
Objective:
The main objective of the project is to design a
system to avoid vehicle collision. By object detection
and measuring its distance from a certain point,
using ultrasonic technology.
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Methodology
The vehicle collision can be avoided by sensing the
vehicles from opposite direction using ultrasonic
signals. Then the microcontroller sends a square
pulse train to the transmitting ultrasonic transducer,
which changes electrical energy to ultrasonic sound
waves which would traverse ahead to hit the opaque
object ahead of it.
On hitting the object, a change of phase reversal
would take place in the sound waves which returns to
the receiving ultrasonic transducer, situated along
same axis as transmitter, at a short distance away
from it.
The microcontroller calculates this time into distance
and then shows the actual distance then again the
microcontroller compares with the set distance. If the
signal is less then the set distance the controller will
give the buzzer and instruct the breaking system to
apply the break.
Block diagram Consists of following
components:
Block diagram consist of following components:
89V51RD2 microcontroller.
Sonar range finder EZ
AT24C02 EEPROM chip.
7-segment LCD Display.
MAX 232 chip.
Buzzer
Relay driver ULN2803

Result and conclusion
The project demonstrates how collision can be
avoided. In this project, we have defined a reactive
system which takes into account four elements:
driver controls, vehicle behavior (speed. . .), and
ultrasonic signals. From these inputs, we get partial
control of the vehicle behavior, mainly an emergency
braking or speed regulation. It has identified the
different stages necessary for a safe behavior of the
system. With this system life loss and economic loss
can be reduced.
This can be enhanced for the train anti-collision
this technology.
This ultrasonic technology can be is used to the
fuel level.
109. AIR POLLUTION DETECTION AND
TRAFFIC DENSITY ANALYZER.

COLLEGE : K.L.E SOCIETY'S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
GUIDE : PROF. ASHWINI DESAI
STUDENTS : BANGARIMATH KARUNA
KEERTIKA
RAIHL SHAIKH
RESHMA CHANAPPANAVAR

Introduction
Air pollution has become a major issue in the present
environment. In our project an attempt has been
made to detect toxic gases in the environment by
using an air quality sensor. The semiconductor type
gas sensors have excellent sensitivity to various
smells generated in normal environment such as
Hydrogen, Sulphide (H
2
S), ammonia (NH
3
), Carbon
monoxide (CO), It raises the alarm when
concentration reaches the user level limit. This user
defined air quality concentration and gas
concentration alarm is user programmable.
Objective
To design and develop an automated air pollution
detection and traffic density analyzer system to
detect the climatic condition inform the traveler.
Methodology
This systems has the following components :
a) Power Supply Unit
b) Signal processing Unit.
c) Driver Unit.
d) Transmitter Unit.
e) Receiver Unit.
f) Micro - Controller.
This System helps in providing the solution to the
problems caused by the present day traffic system. It
involves the traffic light controlled based density,
hence helps in saving the time of the wayfarers. It
also provides the solution to control the air pollution
caused by vehicals,and also helps in minimizing the
accidents caused by road blockage.

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110. CONVERSION OF EYE LID
MOVEMENTS INTO AUDIO
SIGNALS TO CONVEY THE
FEELINGS OF A PARTIALLY
PARALYTIC PATIENT

COLLEGE : KLE SOCIETYS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
GUIDE : PROF.J.M.RUDAGI
STUDENTS : MAHANTESH GUDIMANI
MERSHAD IRANI
NIKHIL THAKUR
PATIL DEEPAK

Introduction
A major problem faced by paralytic patients is
inability to convey their feelings to the doctor or
nurse .In case of emergency when the doctor is not
present in the ward the patient is helpless and cannot
do anything.The ancient proverb The eyes are the
window to the soul may be in some way be validated
in this project. There are some cases wherein the
whole body of the paralytic patient is immobilized but
still he may be able to blink his eye .Under such
circumstances this project could prove to be very
helpful. Hence this eye blink is used to convey audio
messages via a external speaker. list of the message
and the corresponding Eye blink count in front of the
patient is pept so that it becomes easy for the
patients to refer.
Objectives
The eye blink count is used and fed to a
microcontroller which contains the look up table for
the eye blink count and the corresponding Audio
message to be conveyed. A personal computer is
used to play the audio tracks.
Methodology

Block diagram
Through this project an idealized way was found
developing a low cost system for the paralyzed which
can be implemented in the near future.
The work of the care taker (nurse) will be reduced
and the patient will have more liberty.
This prototype developed can still be made more
efficient by including various features mentioned in
the future scope. But the time constraint limited us
from adding all the features can make the system
more reliable and easy to maintain and handle.
111. NECK MOVEMENT OPERATED
WHEEL CHAIR FOR
QUADRIPLEGIA

COLLEGE : K.L.E. SOCIETYS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
& TECHNOLOGY, BELGAUM.
GUIDE : PROF.HANSRAJ GUHILOT
STUDENTS : PRAVEEN H SHIPRI
SUMMAIYA YASMEEN
RAKESH KAMBLE
Introduction
This project aims at the fabrication and construction
of a prototype of a wheel chair that has the capacity
to be moved along all directions based on the
movements of the neck by using a accelerometer or
sensor mechanism and is joystick controlled. The
movable robotic chair can be used for more purposes
like remote movements and as remote controlled
trolleys. The micro-controller has been programmed
to control the motors fitted on the vehicle, which are
used for directional movements.
This wheel chair will also house a sensor to detect
the movements of the neck. Thus, this vehicle has
been equipped with many advanced features and
can be used to serve human with significant
contributions. The goal of this project is create a
control system which will operate an electric wheel
chair based on the movements of the neck control a
dc motor and have a voice recorder/player system
which helps the patient to play back pre-recorded
distress messages in case of emergencies.
Objectives
The wheel chair will move depending on neck
movement of a person. And also other person can
control the wheel remotely by remote control so that
he need not to push the wheel chair for some
distance.
Methodology
This Neck Operated wheel chair will operate in two
modes
a) Neck movement mode
b) Remote control mode - Voice recoder/player
Conclusion
The implementation of this system easily enables a
paralyzed or physically challenged person to lead a
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near-normal life, where he can move independently
in all the four direction without any manual
assistance using only neck movement.
The chair to detect puddles or obstacles on the
road by adding sensors to the system.
Upto some extent (considering Home or Garden)
it can find the path itself.
Alternative power sources like solar power,etc
can be used to provide the power required
Automatic seat belt tightening can be used for
safety of the patient.
112. SUMMING AND PRINTING
ELECTRONIC WEIGHING
MACHINE

TIPTUR
GUIDE : MR. GURUMURTHY G. D.
STUDENTS : RENUKA PRASAD R.
PUNEETH KUMAR B. V.
MANOJ KUMAR V.
CHANDRASHEKAR B. S.
Introduction
Electronic weighing machines are used to show
exact weight of the item weighed. The advantage is
they show the weight in Digital form and they are
already in use by wholesalers and retailers. But it has
a drawback. If items are to be weighed repeatedly it
is required to note down the readings every time and
to total the weights. This may leads to error due to:
Neglecting the fractions.
Mistake in noting the readings.
Chance of neglecting / missing one or two
readings.
To avoid these human errors the project aims at
providing additional features to Electronic weighing
machine. The additional features are.
To introduce a printer to print a list of weights at
the end of the weighing.
To introduce a display unit to show number of
time weighing is carried out.
To introduce a display unit to show the total
weight of the previous weighings.
Objective
The project aims at providing additional features to
Electronic weighing machines. Proposed project is
an embedded application using which we can control
the drawbacks of present electronic weighing
machine. The microcontroller has been programmed
to store the individual weights in look up table and
also to total the result. Two display units LED display
and LCD display are used for both owners and
consumers. Introduction of printer to print the store
name, Serial number of weightings and
corresponding weights and total weight.
Methodology
The existing display mechanism of Electronic
weighing machine is studied. The data available for
the display is tapped and used as raw data for our
application.8051 Microcontroller is used in the
application. Three push buttons are used to interact
with the Microcontroller.
The push buttons are:-RESET, CONTINUE and
PRINT
A printer is interfaced with the Microcontroller to print
the serial number of weighings, corresponding
weights and the total weight.
The push button, named CONTINUE is used to
generate an interrupt.
After receiving the interrupt the Microcontroller:-
Increment a display unit called COUNT by one.
Add the present weight to the previous weight
and display it on a separate display unit called
TOTAL.
Stores the weight with the sequence number in a
lookup table.
The push button named PRINT is used to generate
an interrupt to the Microcontroller.
Upon receiving the interrupt the Microcontroller
prints:-
The data available in the lookup table.
It also prints the store name.
The printed data gives the serial number of
weighings and corresponding weights.
Push Button named RESET is used to reset the
system, upon receiving this interrupt system resets
all display and lookup table data to Zero.
The block diagram of the proposed project is as
shown in fig.
Block Diagram:

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Conclusion
This weighing machine is useful in APMC and to
wholesale merchants, farmers and others.
Future Implementation
Increasing the weighing capacity of the load cell.
The resolution of the load cell can be reduced up
to 1gm.
This can be implemented in such a way that it
has to recognize the different objects by the push
buttons and also print the object name.
Weight can be included in units in the printed list.
External memory can be included to store
weighing details of the day also.
113. MASTER-SLAVE ROBOTIC ARM
USING MICROCONTROLLERS

COLLEGE : KLS GOGTE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,
BELGAUM
GUIDE : PROF. ROOPA R. KULKARNI.
STUDENTS : ABHISHEK LATTHE
ANUJ KULKARNI
DIGVIJAY DESAI
PRATIK SOMANGOUDAR
Introduction
In this project, a robotic arm is made which mimics
the human arm in real-time and hence it will perform
the activities that a human arm can usually perform.
Movements of this arm will be directly dependent on
movements of the human arm. Such an arm can
protect the human arm from exposure to hazardous
activities. When mounted on rover such an arm can
perform complex tasks in remote locations where it is
difficult and dangerous for a human to work.
Objectives
1. The arm will be able to perform simple tasks
such as lift, move and rotate objects.
2. The arm will be able to pick up objects with
weight up to 300gms.
3. The arm will be mounted on a rover, hence the
arm can be used to perform tasks in remote
locations.
4. All tasks are performed on real-time basis. The
arm can be controlled using a master human arm
or using a computer.
5. The project also includes building a development
board for the microcontroller used.
Results
It was observed that the master and slave arms are
synchronised in real-time for wired transmission. But
for wireless transmission, there was a delay of about
a second between the master and slave arm
movement
Conclusion
A robotic slave arm which performs all the operations
and can perform operations in various fields like
industries, defence, space etc.The device can lift and
move objects of weight up to 300gms. The arm has 6
degrees of freedom.
114. POWER LED STREET LIGHT
SYSTEM

COLLEGE : KLSS VISHWANATHRAO DESHPANDE RURAL
INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY HALIYAL.
GUIDE : PROF A. S. JOSHIKULKARNI
STUDENTS : SUNIL KHANOLKAR
RHUTWIK KALAGOUDAR
ABHISHEK KULKARNI
VAIBHAV KUNDAP
Introduction
The power LED street light system has been
designed as a next generation light. The next
generation light indicates that replacement of present
light system, like CFL and incandescent lighting. The
main purpose behind this system is the power saving
which saves the power more than 80%.
Objectives
The power LED street light system designed to save
the energy. It provides the efficient amount of
brightness.
Working principle: The charge controller circuit
operates with the help of solar panel, which has DC
source. The charge controller circuit has an
application like light dependent switch (LDS), battery
protection and solar panel protection.
The PV (photovoltaic) panel which is connected to
the non inverting terminal of op-amp (LM-324)
through the zener and where the inverting terminal is
connected to 9V power supply that is Vcc. When the
PV panel voltage rises above 12V the current flow
through the zener diode to the non inverting terminal
of opamp1.When the voltage level at the non
inverting terminal exceeds than the inverting
terminal, then the opamp output becomes high. The
high output of an opamp1 which is given to the gate
terminal of the MOSFET. Here p-channel
enhancement MOSFET is used as the high voltage
switch, which has gate, drain and source terminals.
When voltage supply is given to the gate terminal,
the MOSFET switched and connects solar panel to
battery. For this instant the battery starts charging.
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The charge controller circuits also consist of LDS
(light dependent switch).The operating principle of
this LDS is that, when darkness goes on increasing
the intensity of light goes on increasing, this happens
because the LDS consist of LDR. In this the
darkness increases LDR resistance increases so the
path from input voltage to the ground is cutoff and
the supply is given to the non inverting terminal of the
op-amp (LM358), so when the non inverting voltage
increases as compare to the inverting voltage the op-
amp is turned on and the light will starts to glow. If
the darkness decreases the LDR resistance
decreases and input voltage is directly goes to the
ground, because of this op-amp (LM358) is turned
OFF and also load turns OFF.
In the charge controller circuit the schottky diode is
used to prevent battery power from reverse voltage
to the solar panel. Diode D1 is wired as a crowbar
circuit if the battery is connected reverse, the fuse to
glow, saving the rest circuitry by destruction.
The AC driver circuit is use to connect the LED light
directly to the ac line, where alternating current is
converted in DC(direct current) and by giving proper
noise filter LEDs are driven, which will avoid the
fluctuation.
When an over voltage condition occurs, such that
bias voltage exceeds the sum of VR2 and the
BYPASS/MULTIFUNCTION (BP/M) pin voltage (28
V+5.85 V), current begins to flow into the BP/M pin.
When this current exceeds 5 mA the internal latching
shutdown circuit in Tiny Switch-III is activated. This
condition is reset when the BP/M pin voltage drops
below 2.6 V after removal of the AC input. In the
example shown, on opening the loop, the OVP trips
at an output of 17 V.
SSL achieves its purpose by grouping smaller LEDs
in an ordinary fashion, thereby creating a unified
beam. The SSL can be comprised by multiple white
LEDs, or from once that the color mixed-where
LEDs of different colors are mixed to produce white
light. The inherent advantages and disadvantages of
SSL are the same as those of a LED.
Advantages
High durability.
Long life span.
Low power consumptionl.
Flexible application.
Low heat generation.

Conclusions
The power LED Street light system can
revolutionize the way electricity is being used.
The power LED street light system is the directly
replacement of CFL and incandescent light.
The power LED street light system contributes to
a verity of applications.
The power LED Street light system is also helps
to improve the economic condition.
115. SARATHI - THE BATTLE BOT

COLLEGE : M.S.RAMAIAH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,
BANGALORE
GUIDE : SRI C. MANJUANTH
STUDENTS : SACHIN S. MANKAL
ABDUL HAQ N.
HARSHA RAO A.
SAVYA SHREE P.
Introduction
The project entitled SARATHI the battle bot is
designed specifically to help soldiers on the battle
field, rescue and defense organisatons. It provides
ruggedness, high performance, fast responding
capability. This robot is tough, able to tackle almost
any terrain and usually have a variety of sensors built
in , including audio and video surveillance and
dangerous gas detection. These robots are versatile,
with different sensor or weapon packages available
that mount to the main chassis. virtually all of them
are man-portable.
Sarathi is a mobile military robot which is remotely
operated and it is in-corporated with missile launcher
and other weapons. It enables the soldiers to point
enemy and destroy them a remote area. other
specialize features of Sarathi. It can also detect the
dangerous gas and radiations in battle field and
intimate the soldier. It can also detect landmines
such as anti-personnel mines and anti-tank mines etc
which are buried underground and deactivate them
and thus make safer channel.
As a self destructive robot Sarathi acts as mobile
bomb, which will destructs itself by high explosion
covering larger area. Thus defeating enemy by self
destruction.
Features:
Fully remote controlled operation.
Dangerous gas and radiation detection.
Landmine detection and deactivation.
Self deactivation capability.
audio and video surveillance.
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Advantages
It is basically unmanned project, so manpower is
conserved.
It is designed specifically to help soldiers on the
battlefield, rescue and defense organisation.
It provides ruggedness, High performance, fast
responding capability.
This robot is tough, able to tackle almost any
terrain and usually have a variety of sensors built
in including audio and video surveillance and
dangerous gas detection.
These robots are versatile, with different sensor
or weapon packages available that mount to the
main chassis.
Virtually all of them are man-portable.
Finally sarathi has a self destructive capability.
116. AUTOMATIC METER READING

COLLEGE : P.A COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, MANGALORE.
GUIDE : MR. THEJASWI V.K.
STUDENTS : RACHANA KUMARI H.G
SARANYA E.K
SHARMINA C.P

Introduction
Automatic meter reading is the technology of
automatically collecting data energy metering
devices (electric) and transferring that data to a
central database for billing and/or analyzing. This
means that billing can be based on actual
consumption rather than on an estimate based on
previous consumption, giving customers better
control of their usage of electric energy. RF based
meter reading usually eliminates the need for the
meter reader to enter the property or home, or to
locate and open an underground meter pit. The
utility saves money by increased speed of reading,
has lower liability from entering private property,
and has less chance of missing reads because of
being lock out from meter access. The zigbee is
interfaced to the system through max 232
connection. Billing and all other calculations are
done at software level. Bill details are transferred to
the LCD and also attached to the E-mail account of
the client. Through the softwares it can be possible
to disconnect the electricity connection of unpaid
customer.
Objective
Automatic meter reading, or AMR, is the
technology of automatically collecting consumption,
diagnostic, and status data from water meter or
energy metering devices (water, gas, electric) and
transferring that data to a central database for billing,
troubleshooting, and analyzing.
Methodology
The novel Automatic Meter Reading (AMR) system
using the IEEE 802.15.4-compliant wireless
networks. The mesh network based automatic utility
data collection system (AUDCS) provides a cost-
efficient solution by exploring the self organization ,
self-healing capabilities of the mesh networks and
utilizing the state-of-art semiconductor chips and the
radio transceivers compliant with IEEE 802.15.4
standard. An IEEE 802.15.4 network may operate in
either the star topology or the peer-to-peer topology.
The peer-to-peer mode is chosen for the AUDCS
system, as it is more flexible and robust than the
centralized implementation based on the star
topology.
The meter which is build here is useful in calculating
the power usage in the customer premises. In future
it is able to maximize the data rate of bandwidth of
the system we can inculcate many more useful data
to and fro like Meter readers can be involved in
taking readings from electric, gas, or water
consumption meters in order to calculate the volume
of utility consumed by a customer. Meter readers can
also be made responsible for inspecting meter
connections for any damage or defects. They supply
repair and maintenance teams with the necessary
information required to repair damaged meters.
Meter readers keep track of a customers average
consumption and can ask for customer clarification if
there is any extreme fluctuation in consumption of
the utility. They have to be alert towards indications
of unauthorized connections made by the customer.
Meter readers are also involved in activating service
for new customers and turning off service for
defaulters.
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117. EXAMINATION QUESTION PAPER
LEAKAGE PROTECTION
MECHANISM

COLLEGE : P. A COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING,
MANGALORE.
GUIDE : MR. MOHAMMAD SHARIEF
STUDENTS : SHRUTHI S RAO
SHANTHERI SHENOY B
SHUBANAINI
Introduction
The idea behind this project is to protect the leakage
of question papers before the examination and also
to maintain the security of the answer papers until
they reach the centre for evaluation. An electronic
box is made in which the exam papers will be placed,
and can be opened only at the exact time of
examination after the cross checking of the
password. Updates are displayed in the box
regarding the time left for the exam to finish.
Once the exam is completed, the answer papers are
resealed inside the box and are removed out only
during the time of correction, and thus preventing the
answer papers being tampered. If anyone tries to
open the box before the stipulated time, then a siren
is blown and it is set in memory which can later be
checked at the centre. Thus, the project works
towards the protection of the examination papers and
provides a fair competition through the exam.
Objective
The basic idea behind the project is that, it has
planned a mechanism where the Question papers
will be sent to the examination centres in a sealed
electronic box, which cannot be opened before the
stipulated time. The device will then be sent a
message from the base station which will then
request for a password to be entered and the RFID
card to be swiped. When the Password and timing
matches, the box will open through a motorized
mechanism. After the completion of the exams the
answer papers are re-sealed in the electronic box
and can be opened only during the time of correction,
using the same mechanism is being used to open the
box also.
The question papers will be sealed in the electronic
box and will be sent to the respective venue of
examination. This will enable the papers to be locked
and sealed till the point in time when the papers need
to be bought out and distributed amongst the
students in the examination hall.
The Examination box will be equipped with LCD
Displays which will constantly display the timings
and the instructions which will be sent from the Base
station. Periodic alarms are raised to inform the
students about the completion of each hour.
In this system of conducting exams, once the exam
gets over, the answer sheets are required to be
packed again inside the box and after the specified
time the box gets sealed by itself.
Results
The experiment was conducted in a systematic way
and the following results were obtained at the
transmitter and the receiver side. Also, the condition
for tamper was checked.
Conclusion
The design, implementation, testing and
demonstration of a working project proved to be very
challenging. Given a specific set of requirements, we
strove to produce a final product which was accurate,
effective, less complex and most importantly to fulfill
the deign goal.
Future Advancements
Red tacton technology can be used instead of
RFID.
The Electronic Box remains open until the time of
closing, once the examination question papers
are removed from the box and distributed among
the students. This can further be changed, so
that the box closes after the question paper
scripts are removed from the box, and open
again during the packing of the answer scripts.
The timer can be included in the code which
works proportional to the systems CMOS clock.
The entire process can be rebuilt where the
communication can be done using the internet.
The parameter for announcing the results can
also be included in the code.
118. THE GHOST WRITER

COLLEGE : P. A COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, MANGALORE
GUIDE : PROF. PRAKASH K SHETTY.
STUDENTS : ABBAS AHAMED SHAZLI
ABHILASH JAYAKUMAR
GURU PRATHIK HOLLA
HARISH C. S.

Introduction
The Ghost Writer is a robot which moves according
to the movements of a PS-2 mouse which is
controlled by a user. A pen is attached to the ghost
writer and thus a pattern is created on a paper
according to the movements of the ghost writer.
The Ghost writer is controlled wirelessly by means of
a RF transmitter and receiver circuitry. This allows
the ghost writer to move freely without being
restricted by any sort of wired connections. This also
allows for extended range and convenience in its
operation.
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The Ghost writer can be very helpful for people who
are unable to grip on to a pen for the purpose of
writing.
The ghost writer is a cost effective system as it does
not involve the use of a computer.
Wireless Communication.
Wireless data transfer.
Wide range of operation.
It is also a cost effective system.
Methodology
The working of the Ghost Writer is simply based on
the movement of the mouse and the data obtained
while the movement occurs. The mouse on its
movement in any direction be it left, right, up or down
and also during the event of the click sends a
certain data in bits which is sent to the transmitter TX
640 where a program is written on it so as to specify
the function to be performed in accordance to the bits
received by the same due to the movement of the
mouse. This is now sent wirelessly to the receiver RX
HT 648L which decodes the data obtained by it and
is now responsible for the rotation of either of the
motors in the specified direction according to the
inputs provided to it. Hence now, each time the
mouse is moved in any direction, the motor rotates in
the particular direction accordingly. The movement of
these motors invariably results in the movements of
the shafts which results in the rotation of the ball
placed on the set up as discussed above. This
movement of the mouse now results in the
movement of the entire setup to move exactly how
the mouse is being moved. A pen attached to the
end of the setup results in the image being replicated
on the paper.
Conclusion
During the execution of the project, it encountered a
number of obstacles were encountered which
resulted in a few shortcomings from the initial idea
proposed. But many of the shortcomings were dealt
efficiently and effectively. With more complex
hardware which was not available to us due to non
availability of a few and some others being extremely
expensive, the Ghost Writer would be very efficient in
its working and also more successful.
119. PC CONTROLLED LAND ROVER

COLLEGE : SAMBHRAM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,
BANGALORE
GUIDE : Mr. J. JACOB.
STUDENTS : DARSHAN MADAPPA G.B
HARSHA VARDHAN J
MANJUNATH V
PRADEEP K
Introduction
The rover can be moved in forward, reverse, left,
right and it uses the drive method used in Military
tanks (differential movement).The rover has a RF
transceiver, various sensors, an-boaw ,Color
camera. The receiver side controller gets the data
from user and performs the function accordingly. The
rovers software and hardware is designed in such a
way that further improvements such as sensors and
other software modifications can be easily added, the
code for PIC is written in C language using MIKROC
integrated development environment.
Objectives
To design a data acquisition land rover that has the
ability to move around almost in any terrain and can
transmit the live images to pc.
Methodology
The rover can be moved in forward, reverse, left,
right and it uses the drive method used in military
tanks (differential movement).
The rover has a RF transceiver through which it
communicates with user.
The rover has various sensors on board like
ultrasonic sensor, left and right obstacles sensor,
water sensor, temperature sensor etc. which helps in
safe navigation of the rover also this data is
transmitted to the user to be monitored through the
user software.
The Rover has an on board color camera which
transmits the live video to the user software also the
user can snap the photo from live video the camera
can also be moved horizontally by 180 degrees,
servo motor is used to rotate the camera.
The ultrasonic module on the rover helps in detecting
the obstacles which is in front: it uses ultrasonic
transmitter and receiver to send and receive the
ultrasonic signals which is above 40 KHz.
The software used for user interface is visual basic
6.0 with some camera and port drivers.
The rover side circuit and transmitter circuit uses
advanced 8 bit microcontroller from MICROCHIP
which is 16F877A which has most of the peripherals
that a present day 8 bit microcontroller can provide.
In the rover side 2 PIC16F877A is used one for the
receiver side and one for the transmitter side the
transmitter side controller get the various analog
signals and transmit to the user.
And the receiver side controller gets the data from
the user and performs the functions accordingly.
The rover software and hardware is designed in such
a way that further improvements such as sensors
and other soft modifications can be easily added, the
code for PIC is written in C language MIKROC
integrated development environment.
Result and Conclusions
PIC Microcontroller based LAND ROVER can be
implemented for many purposes; one such type of
purpose is obstacle sensing and also it has the ability
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to send live videos or images to the concerned PC.
The main goal behind this implementation of this
project is to provide better performance, efficiency in
terms of time and less cost since it uses RF
technology for the transferring the signals to the
robot. The performance of the project can be
improved using additional hardware in the system.
The capacity of the motors should be increased
depending on the load. We have reduced the weight,
size and cost of the project by using a highly
sophisticated microcontroller chip. Simplicity in
operation, less weight, small size, low power
consumption, portability and reliability are the main
advantages of this system. This is used for many
applications by making small changes in hardware.
This project can be further enhanced by
implementing some of the hardware parts that suit for
the particular application, such hardware
implementation include
Include humidity sensor, water sensor along with
temperature sensor. So that the project can
sense the water and humidity and display it on
the screen.
Implement zigbee transmitter and receiver;
instead of ASK transmitter and receiver.
120. GENERATION OF POWER USING
DIFFERENT NATURAL
RESOURCES AND ITS
APPLICATIONS USING
MICROCONTROLLER

COLLEGE : SDM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &
TECHNOLOGY, DHARWAD.
GUIDE : PROF. MAHENDRA M. DIXIT
STUDENTS : SHWETA JADHAV
SEEMA NYAMATHI
SHANTALA HIREMATH
Introduction
The vehicles which are moving on the roads
generally pass from speed breakers. A suitable
arrangement is made to convert this mechanical
pushing into circular motion & a suitable dynamo is
arranged and the power which is generated from the
dynamo is stored in batteries which further can be
utilized for street light & some other applications. The
amount of energy stored in the battery depends upon
the number of vehicles which passes the humps in
the road. The heavy battery can be used for the
purpose of storage so that we can avoid using many
batteries.
Objectives
To generate power using different natural and non-
conventional sources such as display of LED by
using the foot motion, to turn-on street lights using
the energy generated at road speed breakers and
use of solar power for domestic applications. This
controls the loss of power and avoids the wastage of
energy.
The non-conventional energy system nowadays
plays a very important role in power generation
system. The conventional method of power
generation system may cause serious problems in
the future, so the method of generating power in the
non conventional method plays a vital role in
protecting natural resources. The solar panels
convert the natural light into electrical voltage which
can be stored into a battery through a suitable
charge controller. In charge controller circuit, the
diode capacitor arrangement prevents the flow of
voltage from battery to solar panels. The solar
outputs are not constant and dont get peak energy
at all times. To avoid such problems the solar panels
can be tilted as per the sun tracking from east to
west.
Methodology
Generation of energy using foot pressure : Generally,
when a person walks, pressure will be generated. To
convert this form energy a special electromechanical
arrangement is made, which transfers angular motion
to circular motion. This arrangement is given to a
dynamo which generates voltage, which is further
conditioned & given to a charging unit which in turn
charges the mobile battery. Hence, this saves a lot of
power and thus, avoids the wastage of energy. Then,
it is interfaced with the microcontroller and LED is
made to display.

Block Diagram of Energy Generation by Foot Pressure
Generation of energy by road speed breakers:
The vehicles which are moving on the roads
generally pass from speed breakers. A suitable
arrangement is made to convert this mechanical
pushing into circular motion & a suitable dynamo is
arranged and the power which is generated from the
dynamo is stored in batteries which further can be
utilized for street light & some other applications. The
amount of energy stored in the battery, depends
upon the number of vehicles which passes the
humps on the road. The heavy battery can be used
for the purpose of storage, so that one can avoid
using many batteries.
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By using many natural resources like foot
pressure, air velocity & road speed breakers, we
can generate energy.
This concept is useful for generating electricity in
small scale areas.
The energy stored is free from pollution and
user-friendly.
121. REMOTE MONITORING AND
CONTROLLING OF STREET- LIGHT
USING GSM MOBILE

TECHNOLOGY, DHARWAD
GUIDE : PROF. S. V. VIRAKTAMATH.
STUDENTS : MAHAVISH KHAN P.
NEELAM J KABBIN
NEETA KINI
PADMESH P P.
Introduction
Energy savings is undoubtedly a key driver in the
move to managed street lighting systems. Energy
efficient lamps and converting a streetlight system to
a managed one through the use of street light
monitoring solution has significant operational and
environmental benefits.
Currently, street lights are controlled by photocells.
These have only one function, which is switching
lights on and off according to factory-fixed, light-level
thresholds. We are proposing a system which
operates by replacing the traditional photocell with a
circuit operated by mobile. This performs the lamp
switching and monitoring functions. It contains a SIM,
which communicates back to the main station or
'hub. A large deployment would have a number of
sub stations, which themselves would be connected
to a main system. Switching can be set in various
ways, for example by time or by centrally measured
light level.
Objective
The main objective this project is to control and
monitor of street lights using GSM mobile to bring out
very cost effective and efficient street lighting
technology to improve the current street lighting
scenario in our country.
Methodology
The block diagram of Remote Monitoring and
Controlling of Street Lights using GSM Mobile
consists of power supply unit, GSM modem, RS232
(optional), Microcontroller with inbuilt memory and a
load.
Power supply unit consist of a transformer, rectifier,
filter, and a regulator. The output of power supply
unit is a 5V DC. This is used to power up the GSM
modem and Microcontroller unit.GSM modem act as
interface between users commands and the
Microcontroller. The modem issues the commands
for the Microcontroller. RS232 is a serial data
interface between the modem and Microcontroller. It
is optional depending on the modem used. The
Microcontroller controls the load according to the
users input. It also sends the feedback from the load
to the modem.

Block diagram of the system

Basic structure of street lighting system

The snapshot given shows the results of the system.

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Through this project a low cost, remote controlling
and monitoring of the street-lights has been
achieved. It turns out most reliable and time efficient
way to switch ON/OFF street-light. Outcome of this
project gives an insight to control and monitor any
other electronic appliances. It provides an effective
measure to save energy by preventing unnecessary
wastage of electricity, caused due to manual
switching or lighting of street-lights when it is not
required. This concept can also be used to control
lighting system of industrial areas, college or
university campus etc.

Scope of study and future work
The use of a Microcontroller and GSM module
coupled sensors and actuators provide exciting
possibilities to monitor and control various electronic
devices through sending SMS. This project can also
be used to control irrigation system, monitor the
temperature in industries and raise alarm according
to the condition; it can be used for implementing
remote notice board and can be used for home
security system.
122. A ROBOTIC BASED GREENHOUSE
MONITORING AND CONTROL
SYSTEM USING ZIGBEE

TECHNOLOGY, TUMKUR.
GUIDE : MR. SANJAY.C.P
STUDENTS : KUMAR KADARAMANDALAGI
PHANINDRA.H
PRAVEEN KUMAR.N.R
GOUTHAM.M.R

Introduction
As the weather in past few years has been
unpredictable, greenhouse management plays a vital
role in determining the commercial gain from this
occupation this project is an effort to improve the
present working state of Green Houses. With the
rapid development of wireless technologies, it is
possible for greenhouses to be equipped with
wireless sensor networks due to their low-cost,
simplicity and mobility. The project consists
of temperature, Moisture & light monitoring and
controlling this is based on ZigBee technology. This
unit is installed on a Robot which moves through the
greenhouse on a predefined track.
Objective
To design a robotic based greenhouse monitoring
and control system using zigbee is to overcome
some of the problems in Greenhouses.
Methodology
The Waterfall process model has been followed for
the development of this project.
Working Principle
A display unit will show the values of parameters
like Temperature, Moisture and Light.
The other module is named as parameter
controlling module to control the values of
temperature, Moisture & light. Driver circuit for
this purpose.
Robot is given a predefined motion depending
upon the track of greenhouse. Robot will move
throughout the greenhouse. Then it will measure
the values of temperature, Moisture and light
while traveling through the greenhouse. At the
same time controlling section will control the
values of these parameters.
Block diagram

Sensing & Monitoring Section

Controlling section
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The working of the Robot, transmitter section and
receiver section with all the subsystems were
tested successfully
Line following Robot in which all three sensors
were mounted monitors Temperature, Moisture &
light, and sends this information via Zigbee to the
control section, where these parameters
automatically controlled.
By implementing this project in greenhouses we
can reduce the manpower.
123. SMART LIBRARY MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM DEPLOYING RF

COLLEGE : S.J.M INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,
CHITRADURGA
GUIDE : PROF. G .S .RAJANNA
STUDENTS : ANURAG SAHAY
KRISHANU MITRA
ROHIT KRISHNA
SHRAWAN KUMAR SAW
Objective
The project work is basically for complete smart
automation of Library Management System. The
prototype model built is titled as Smart Library
Management System Deploying RF Technology with
Student Record System will be carried out with the
help of Radio Frequency Identification Device and
also with the help of Microcontroller units. The model
to be developed by us consist of two section e.g. one
is library block and another is administration block.
The blocks are equipped with RF reader and an
assumption is made that each library books are
embedded with smart RFID tags.
Methodology
A smart card based ID card: We propose the
use of a smart card based ID card for every
borrower. The card will have a memory of 1Kb to
4 Kb and the card should be rewritable for
repeated use.
Embedded controller with transmission
system in library: The library database will be
regularly updated as the borrower takes or
returns books to the library. When no dues are to
be calculated, the PC transfers to the embedded
controller the details that have to be sent to the
administrative block.
Embedded controller with reception system
in Administration building: The data that is
sent by the various blocks is received by this
embedded system. This data is then transferred
to the PC via serial port.
PC software with database: The PC will be
windows based with Visual basic 6.0 software
serving as the front-end. This will be very
informative and user-friendly so that it can be
used without much technical knowledge. The
database will be designed in MS Access. In the
database the borrower details, real time dues
and contact numbers will be stored.
SMS sender Using GSM: Regularly the details
of the borrower dues will be messaged
automatically to the borrower prior to the due
date. This system also ensures that the borrower
get real-time updates, when their payments are
entered in the main system.
Book Issue: All books are embedded with RFID
tags. Whenever a book is to be issued, RFID
scanner scans the book identification number
and same is stored in particular borrowers
database.
Due Date Reminder: One week before the due
date of the book, an SMS is sent to the borrower.
Book reservation: If any borrower has reserved
the book (already issued Book), it would be put in
queue and an SMS is sent whenever the book
becomes available.

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Wireless communication and embedded system and
make the proper utilization of the librarys resources
with high level of security and at a low expense.
Advantages
It will be an intra firm system with no internet
connectivity and as the data will be transmitted
wirelessly using a customized embedded
platform; it will be difficult to hack and decode.
Less manpower utilization.
Flexibility to introduce new services.
Instant availability through book drop and quick
service.
Maintenance cost will be relatively lower.

INDUSTRIAL & PRODUCTION
ENGINEERING
124. CONCEPT OF MODULAR FIXTURE,
DESIGN AND FABRICATION

COLLEGE : KLSS GOGTE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,
BELGAUM
GUIDE : PROF. ROOPA.K.RAO
PROF. S.V.CHITNIS
STUDENTS : AAKASH KADANNAVAR
SACHIN PATIL
KUNAL PATIL
TRUSHAL KARGI
Introduction
Numerically controlled machine tools being classified
as Universal machine tools necessitate tool
designing that is universal. This is due to the fact that
they being variable programmed machines are
capable of producing a wide - variety of work pieces.
The use of a mill fixture designed for one shape and
size of work piece, as generally used on a
conventional production milling machine, would
contradict one of the underlying principles of
Numerical Control. Numerical Control should reduce
the amount of necessary tooling. Hence, it is
apparent that this goal cannot be reached if a fixture
is designed & constructed for every different work
piece produced. Fixtures of this type are expensive
to manufacture & maintain, they take up storage
space when not in use, and become obsolete if the
work piece is changed or eliminated. The answer is
to design Modular fixtures. Modular fixtures are
designed to hold more than one size of work-piece.
The Modular fixture enables the holding and
machining of one job and then can be re-arranged to
hold a variety of other work pieces
Objective
To design a suitable fixture so as to accommodate
different components of different part families.
Modular Fixtures as Distinguished From Dedicated
Fixtures
Inflexibility
Considerable design time
High manufacturing cost
Heavy demand on skilled labor
Long lead time
Limited usage
The tool post is mounted on the compound rest.
This can be any of several varieties but in its
simplest form is merely a slotted cylinder, which
can be moved, left or right in the T-slot in the
compound and clamped in place.

It can also be rotated so as to present the cutter
to the work at whatever angle is best for the job.

A Flange is an external or internal rib or rim,
used either to add strength or to hold something
in place, the project in edge of a rigid or semi-
rigid component. An ability in a role playing game
which is not commonly available, over powered
or arbitrarily imposed by the referees.
A flange is secured in the duct by screws, rivets
or spot welding.
Air tightness is achieved through a mastic strip in
which the end of the duct imbeds.
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As an alternative the mastic can be applied
inside the duct between the circular flange and
the duct valve.
Setting time on individual fixtures on different
machines can be reduced.
Changeover time of fixtures is reduced.
Transportation is reduced.
A permanent fixture of machining all type of tool
post and flange on VMC.
Floor space used for storing fixture can be
reduced.
Cost of carrying inventory of fixture,
maintenance, and handling cost is reduced.
Overall the new designed fixture is cost reducing
and time saving.
125. MULTI-LINGUAL BRAILLE
MACHINE

HASSAN.
GUIDE : DR. G. N. MOHAN BABU
STUDENTS : ASHA H. N.
PALLAVI D. C.
PRASHANTH R. G.
CHAYADEVI H. M.

Introduction
The blind people read books, which are punched by
manual system. This punching is not uniform and
hence blind people will find difficult to recognize
some of the letters. To solve this problem we are
designing an electronic system using micro controller
that punches all the characters of English according
to international brail code on the paper uniformly as
guided by micro controller. In addition the team has
designed brail codes for regional language
(Kannada) in this system. The same process can be
used to generate codes in other regional languages
without any change in hardware. The software
written in to the system monitors all the operations of
the project. All the letter symbols and numbers are
entered in to micro controllers memory in
consecutive memory locations by using keyboard or
can be stored by the programmer during software
design. When a particular text is entered the micro
controller punches letter by letter on paper
continuously until whole text is punched. This
process can be used to punch the whole textbook.
Braille is a primary medium of reading and writing for
people who are blind or have low vision. Many blind
and visually impaired individuals find that they can
access information more quickly and perform tasks
that involve reading or writing more efficiently using
Braille than by listening to a personal reader,
dictating to a personal secretary (otherwise known as
an amanuensis), or using alternative technologies
such as audio recordings, talking computers, or other
electronic devices. Experienced users of Braille are
often able to read or take notes in Braille much more
quickly than they can use other methods.
Methodology
This system consists of a drivers, stepper motors,
punch driver unit, platform, power supply unit etc,.
Driver is used to increase the current capacity from
few milliamps to few Amps. Darlington transistors for
boosting the current, which is sufficient to drive the
motor used in our application. The output of
Darlington amplifier is connected to four coils of
stepper motor. Motors require 12V power supply for
its operation and draws 150 ma per phase. We are
using stepper motors to punch and a display unit to
display the letter to be punched and the status of
operation. The software of the project is written in
assembly language and entered in to the chip by
using programmer. Using window based MPLAB
software in this project. This project can be
commercialized by making small changes in
hardware and software. The software of the project is
designed by using MP-LAB (Microprocessor Lab)
software in personal computer and entered in to
micro controller IC through RS-232 serial card by
using programmer.

Advantages
Experienced users of Braille are often able to
read or take notes in Braille much more quickly
than they can use other methods.
Output voltage is constant irrespective of input
voltage
Faster and reliable
Low power consumption and Economical
Easy to operate and handle
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Applications
Used in educational institutions especially for
blind people.
For printing Braille books.
Used in quality control of equipments.
Used in research and development centers.
Capacity of the Device
An attempt is made to generate brail codes for
regional language for some important characters. All
the characters of regional language can be obtained
byadding codes for remaining characters without any
change in the hardware .The same unit can be used
for generating brail codes of any language in future.
126. SMART WINDOWS

HASSAN.
GUIDE : MS. H.R.DEEPIKA
MR. CHETHAN M. H.
STUDENTS : PAVITHRA S.
PRASHANTH SHARMA K. R.
ARUN H. D.
JANARDHAN H. S.
Introduction
Smart windows are recent development in the
security arena of Industrial Security System (ISS).
Industry is a continuous process of many systems
integrated to achieve some production targets, which
are to be accomplished with in stipulated time frame.
Hence, an industry needs an array of well planned
functions and facilities.
Block Diagram

Objective and Scope
The intended project keeps a vigil on two factors
which are directly or indirectly affects the industrial
security. Where a factory needs a strict vigil on gas
leakage with in the factory premises. A smart window
helps to keep strict watch on and operates the
window open and close function very effectively.
On other hand water sprinkles from rain may also
pose some threat to the normal functionality of the
industrial process, which can be regulated with smart
windows.
Outcome of the Project
The outcome of the project is very evident that an
error frees vigil on gas leakage and rain water.
Where these are potential danger for the smooth and
effective operation of a proposed factory / industrial
operations.

INFORMATION SCIENCE AND
ENGINEERING
127. VOICE ENABLED WEB BROWSER

COLLEGE : BAPUJI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &
GUIDE : MR. MOUNESHACHARI. S
MS. DIVYA M K
STUDENTS : ANURAG
NAGASHRUTHI K.
SHIKHA KUMARI
SUMANT KUMAR

Introduction
Emerging technology has brought a significant
change in the life of every human being making
computers necessary companion to live with There
are numerous web browsers like Opera, Internet
Explorer and Mozilla Firefox available in the market
with nearly every tool having their respective pros
and cons.

The system projected for development is a web
browser that will package more tool bar as compared
to present web browsers. This web browser can also
be used by the physically challenged people, with the
help of additional tools provided in the browser it will
enable Speed dialing and voice enabled web pages
logging which will provide a new dimension for
surfing web in the system. The external hardware
required for this feature will be a headphone with a
mike to give voice command to the browser.
Objective
There are many web browsers available but very few
of them are having voice enabled facilities and web
developer tools. Voice enable facility will help the
URL to navigate faster. With the speed dialing
feature the user can give the commands to the
browser through numbers also. There will be less
chances of typing mistake. Web page editor tool is
an added advantage, which helps to edit the content
of the web page and save the web page into a web
based format. Proposed solution decreases the time
span and need to expend for surfing web.

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Conclusion
There are many web browsers available but very few
of them are having voice enabled facilities and web
developer tools. Voice enable facility will help the
URL to navigate faster. With the speed dialing
feature the user can give the commands to the
browser through numbers also. Proposed solution
decreases the time span to a greater extent. Browser
can show the sitemap.xml and robot.txt file which
helps in the search engine optimization. Browser can
also be used by physically challenged people for
surfing the internet thats a major advantage of our
browser

The use of the SAPI makes the browser detect
only particular accent. Hence scope to enhance
the browser to recognize many accents including
local languages.
The browser is built on VB platform and so can
be used only on Windows platform and it can be
developed for the browser to be platform
independent.
The browser is not supported in any mobile
phones. Its the challenge to make it available on
phones as well.
128. CONSISTENCY MAINTENANCE IN
REAL-TIME GROUP EDITORS
USING MULTITHREADED
SERVERS

DAVANGERE
GUIDE : MS. ASHA K.
STUDENTS : GEETHA R.
GOURI B.
SHRUTHI B. C.
SOUMYA N. S.

Introduction
Group editors allow a group of distributed human
users to edit a shared multimedia document at the
same time over a computer network. Consistency
control in this environment must not only guarantee
convergence of replicated data, but also attempt to
preserve intentions of operations. Operational
transformation (OT) is a well-established method for
optimistic consistency control. However, counter
examples to previous works have often been
identified despite the significant progress made on
this topic. This paper analyzes the root of
correctness problems in OT and establishes a novel
operational transformation framework for developing
OT algorithms and proving their correctness.
Details of the Proposed System
The proposed system consists of novel OT
Frame work to address this weakness of
previous system Based on a concept called
operation effects relations.
System consist of two criteria, causality
preservation and operational effects relation
preservation for verifying the correctness of OT
algorithms.
Sufficient condition for transformation function
are indetified and second special operational
path is chosen to satisfy the condition
Flow Diagram

A practicable approach to developing and
proving OT algorithms.
The basic idea of OT is to execute any local
operation as soon as it is generated for high local
responsiveness. Remote operations are
transformed against concurrent operations that
have been executed locally before its execution.
The general assumption underlying interactive
groupware applications, such as group editors, is
that users are aware of the changes made by
collaborators and are able to discover and
resolve semantic conflicts in a timely manner.
129. TEXT DETECTION FROM
NATURAL SCENE IMAGES:
TOWORDS A SYSTEM FOR
VISUALLY IMPAIRED PERSONS

COLLEGE : SMT. KAMALA AND SHRI. VENKAPPA M AGADI
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND
TECHNOLOGY, LAXMESHWAR.
GUIDE : PROF. RAVIKUMAR K
STUDENTS : GURUPRASAD KARUGAL
MADHUSHRI NAREGAL
SANDEEP PATIL
UMMESALMA KUNDUR
Introduction
A visually impaired person is walking around, it is
important to get text information which is present in
the scene. As an example, if the signboard of a store
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can be read, the shopping wishes of the blind person
can be satisfied easily. The research on text
extraction from natural scene images has been
growing recently. Many methods have been
proposed based on edge detection, binarization,
spatial-frequency image analysis and mathematical
morphology operations. There are also parallel
research efforts to develop a scene-text reading
system for the visually impaired. All these systems
make evident that the text areas cannot be perfectly
extracted from the image because natural scenes
consist of complex objects, sometimes highly
textured, buildings, trees, window frames and so on,
giving rise to false text detection and misses. The
first step in developing our text reading system is to
address the problem of text detection in natural
scene images. In the present work, it describes the
system design and implements four text extraction
methods based on connected components for the
system.
Objectives
The main objective of the project is to propose a
system that reads the text encountered in natural
scenes with the aim to provide assistance to the
visually impaired persons.
The four text extraction methods based on
connected components are used.
1. Extraction of small characters using
mathematical morphology operations.
Three extraction methods for large characters
2. Character extraction from the edge image
3. Character extraction from the reverse edge
image
4. Color-based character extraction.
Methodology
(k-around mode)Locating scene text involves two
scenarios. First, in the 'walk-around mode', the
camera which is placed on the user's shoulder
acquires an image of the scene automatically and
then the search for text areas is performed using
methods geared for character extraction.
In a second mode, the user can guess where the
text is approximately and he/she can use the camera
as a hand scanner. If an area is detected, the
camera zooms in to obtain a more detailed image on
which extraction methods for large characters are
used. These higher resolution characters are then
recognized and read out to the blind person via a
voice synthesizer. However, here it is assumed that
the user is standing still when the images are
captured.
Text extraction methods for the proposed system:
1) Extraction of small characters using mathematical-
morphology operations
2) Three extraction methods for large characters
Character extraction from the edge image
Character extraction from the reverse edge
image
Color-based character extraction
3) Connected-component selection rules
130. I-TOYZ TALK TO ME SPEECH
RECOGNITION USING RSC-4128
DEMO/EVAL TOOLKIT

MANGALORE.
GUIDE : MR. GOVINDA PRASAD N V
STUDENTS : ADARSH LALAGE.
ANARDHANA BHAT K.
JAYAPRAJU MS. PRASANNA B

Introduction
Play is a critically important activity for children,
especially very young children. Through play,
children learn social roles and project their
imaginations. The purpose of this project is basically
for childrens entertainment so that they can improve
their imagination power. Once the child is capable to
grab the things, these toys can be used for their
educational purpose. This project I-Toyz is an
interactive toy, which responds to speech and the
subtitle talk to me means this toy listens to user and
responds user with speech. Project implements
speaker dependent speech recognition. I-Toyz is
based on Speech Recognition Technology. The
RSC4x Dem/Evaluation V2 Toolkit enables us to
develop I-Toyz using the worlds most advanced
speech processor on the lowest cost development
platform available. The interaction between user
(child) and I-Toyz is achieved by training the demo
evaluation kit for frequently asked questions by
children and maintaining a sound table which
includes response for those questions. The question
asked by the child will be matched with the trained
set of questions and toy will respond with proper
answer.
Objective
To develop a speech recognition system using
RSC-4128 demo/evaluation toolkit V2 to interact
with children.
Speech is an accepted User-Interface and
companies (more than 215) are establishing long
term positions using the technology.
Speech enabled mobile applications,
authentication, search engines, entertainment
applications have arrived.
Speech enabled system can be used for guiding
physically disabled people.
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This system consisting of 3 modules a) Storage
b)training c) reorganization
Phases in development of the system
Speaker Dependent speech recognition use
templates to store trained utterances for recognition.
The functions mentioned below represent the basic
steps involved in SD speech recognition.

Work Flow Diagram of Speech Recognition System
Storage
The technology code uses two blocks of internal
RAMY, called "KNOWN" and "UNKNOWN", to
temporarily store templates and it is also possible to
access an area of external memory to store the
complete set of templates or use the limited storage
available in on-chip SRAM (currently space is
available for six templates on-chip).
Training
It is the process of pattern generation to collect
utterances and form them into a standardized
template . A function is used for training, averages
two patterns of each utterance to form the
recognition template, which is then stored in either
external memory or internal memory.
This process of training involves the following steps:
Call the memory driver function to define the start
of the template set in external memory.
Generate a template in UNKNOWN memory. In
an actual application, this might be preceded by
a voice prompt such as "Say your next word".
Store this template at a given index in the
template set and free up UNKNOWN. It
combines the template list base and the index
into the actual memory address for template
[index].
Generate a second template of the same
utterance in UNKNOWN. In an actual application,
this might be preceded by a voice prompt such
as "Please repeat".
Read the first template into internal memory at
KNOWN.
Store the second template to external memory
(this step is not strictly needed, but is used so
that, in case of training failure, the most recent
template is still available. This allows for better
code flow, so that eventually two successive
templates will have a training success).
Compare and average the two templates (at
KNOWN and UNKNOWN). Comparison fails if
the two templates are not similar enough to each
other or if the averaged result is too similar to a
template already in the set.
Store the averaged template to the set in
external memory (overwriting the previous
contents of template[index]).
This process is repeated until all templates in the
set are trained.
The final system is capable of interacting with
different users.
Manages the external noise and different accents
of the user and highly interactive system.

INSTRUMENTATION
TECHNOLOGY
131. DIVINE A DEVICE FOR VISUALLY
IMPAIRED FOR NAVIGATING
EVERYWHERE

GUIDE : PROF. B. M. JAYADEVAPPA
STUDENTS : ARCHANA SHARMA
MEGHARANI R. N.
RAMYA G. R.
SHOBHA S.
Introduction
Efforts have been made to augment the white cane.
An obstacle detection system, the K-Sonar provides
distance information through tone-complex sounds
which act as sound signatures to detect obstacles.
Another mobility aid, the Ultracane uses ultrasound
based echo location for obstacle detection. Distance
information is conveyed to the user through two
vibrating buttons (5x7 mm). It is imperative to place
the thumb across the top of the handle to cover both
the buttons at the same time. To overcome these
difficulties a system has been designed as an
independent detachable unit so that the existing
white cane does not have to be re-modeled. An
attachment mechanism has been developed so that
the user can attach the device on the cane without
sighted assistance. The unit can also be used as a
general purpose distance estimation device. The
module runs on a rechargeable battery. For charging
the user connects an AC or USB adapter (similar to
charging a cell phone).
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Objectives
The main aim of this project is to design and
implement a detachable unit which enhances the
functionality of the existing white cane by allowing it
to detect the knee-above obstacles. This unit
consists of an ultrasonic ranger and a vibrator
controlled by a microcontroller which offers an
increased detection range of 6.45 meters. The
distance information is conveyed to the user through
non-interfering multi-frequency vibratory stimuli, the
frequency of vibration indicating the proximity of
obstacles.
Methodology
A detachable unit has been developed that can be
mounted on the top fold of the white cane. Here the
controller used to control the overall operation of the
system is microcontroller P89V51RD2.The device
employs directional ultrasound based ranging to
detect obstacles in front or above knee height within
a range of 6.45m. The user obtains distance
information through vibratory stimuli which
supplement the auditory cues emanating from the
environment and those produced by tapping the
cane. The device vibrates in distinct patterns that
vary with changing obstacle distance. The vibration
frequency increases incrementally according to
changing obstacle distances. The system has been
designed as an independent detachable unit so that
the existing white cane does not have to be re-
modeled. An attachment mechanism has been
developed so that the user can attach the device on
the cane without sighted assistance. The unit can
also be used as a general purpose distance
estimation device. The module runs on a
rechargeable battery. For charging the user connects
an AC or USB adapter (similar to charging a cell
phone). This eliminates the inconvenience of opening
the battery pack to replace batteries. Along with the
vibratory alert the user is instructed by different audio
messages in different ranges. When the charge is
low in the battery, it is indicated by buzzer.
Block Diagram

Used by blind people to detect obstacles and
navigate everywhere.
Used for general purpose distance
measurement. For example, in industries, in
defense etc.
Used in total darkness to detect obstacles by
normal people also.
132. INTELLIGENT STREET LIGHTS
USING LIGHT INTENSITY SENSOR

COLLEGE : DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF
ENGINEERING, BANGALORE.
GUIDE : MR. SANTHOSH K.V.
STUDENTS : MAYURIKA ARCOT
NISHEL ANN PAUL

Introduction
The intelligent street lights being developed will
operate in three modes: Dawn mode, Dusk mode
and Night mode. These modes will be activated
based intensity of ambient light. The intensity of
ambient light is indicated by the solar panel, which
serves the dual purpose of generating power to run
the street lights.In the dawn mode, the street lights
will turn OFF. This mode is activated when the two
fuzzy parameters, light intensity and air temperature
satisfy the preset dawn mode conditions. Since the
air temperature is also measured, any obstructions to
the measurement of light intensity by the solar panel
such as a shadow, a bird or a leaf etc which will
cause the solar panel to detect darkness causing the
lights to switch ON will be countered. Therefore, the
placement of the light sensor need not be accorded
much priority. As the day progresses, the light
intensity and air temperature drops and thereby the
dusk mode will be activated when the preset
conditions for dusk mode is reached. The lights will
remain ON till night mode gets activated. During the
peak hours, the density of the vehicular and
pedestrian traffic drops and there is no need for the
lights to be continuously ON, which results in
wastage of power. Hence the night mode was
conceptualized. This mode will be activated when the
air temperature and the light intensity indicates the
time when the traffic are generally low. Only during
this mode the IR motion sensors will be activated.
The two motion sensors will be placed at the ends of
the street whose lights are controlled by the
microcontroller. When a vehicle or a pedestrian cuts
the IR beam, the microcontroller generates a signal.
This signal is transmitted to the receiver atop the first
street light. Since the street lights are connected in
series only one receiver is required. This receiver on
receiving the signal causes all the lights to switch
ON. In order to avoid the possibility of the second
motion sensor switching OFF the lights even though
the first motion sensor has detected motion, counters
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are placed along with the motion sensors. These
counters count the number of times the IR beam is
cut. Only when the count value of the counter placed
at the exit end of the street is equal to the count
value of the counter placed at the entrance of the
street, the microcontroller will generate a signal
indicating the lights to switch OFF. This mode will
remain activated till the dawn conditions become true
and correspondingly the motion sensors will be
deactivated. In case of any emergencies a manual
override is provided to switch ON or OFF the lights
as required.
Objective
The intelligent street lights being developed will
operate in three modes: Dawn mode, Dusk mode
and Night mode. These modes will be activated
based on the intensity of ambient light. The intensity
of ambient light is indicated by the solar panel, which
serves the dual purpose of generating power to run
the street lights.

Input to the LM35 Temperature Sensor is 5V.
8535 Microcontroller is preferred to 8051
Microcontroller since it has an inbuilt ADC.
The output voltage of the Solar Panel is 12V.
Since the microcontroller operates at 5V a 7805
voltage regulator circuit is being incorporated.
The IR sensor operates at 9V therefore a voltage
regulator 7809 circuit is used.
133. MULTIPURPOSE WHEEL CHAIR
FOR HIGHLY PHYSICALLY
DISABLED PEOPLE

COLLEGE : PROUDHADEVARA INSTITUTE OF
TECHNOLOGY, HOSPET
GUIDE : SMT.SANDHYA DASS
STUDENTS : SHARANABASAPPA. G
SHRUTHI. A
ZAKIRA BEGUM
Introduction
This project introduces a new wheel chair for a
physically disabled people. They can handle or
control the wheel chair easily and can use for moving
from one place to another. In order to control the
movement of wheel chair, speech recognition
technique is used. This project uses the keypad for
giving commands. Ultrasonic sensor is used for
which sensing the obstacle and this gives signal to
the microcontroller which will automatically stop the
wheel chair and enables the vibrator and buzzer to
inform the disabled person. This application is
integrated in the embedded system and it is first
simulated using keil, then implemented in a RISC
architecture microcontroller adapted to a speech
recognition development kit.
Objective and Scope
To design a microcontroller hand wheel chair for
physically disabled persons which is controlled using
commands through keypad.

Block diagram of multi-purpose wheel chair
The chair can be operated by the physically
disabled people.
Easy to operate by simply using the keypad and
voice commands.
Cost of chair is less as compared to the available
wheel chairs in market.
In this wheel chair either keypad or voice
commands cam be used to operate.
Charging of battery must be done frequently.
Future Scope
Speed controlling can be implemented in future.
Staircase climbing facility can also be provided
Solar power can be utilized.
Automatic light on off can be implemented to extend
its applications for night usage.
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134. POWER GENERATION BY
NON-CONVENTIONAL METHODS

TECHNOLOGY, HOSPET, BELLARY
GUIDE : DR.SAVITA SONOLI
STUDENTS : V.JAYAPRIYA TUKARAM

Introduction
This project utilizes one such source of energy, solar
energy, arriving from 51% of sunlight which actually
enters the Earth's atmosphere. According to
photovoltaic systems this generation of energy is
millions of times greater than the maximum power
demand of all mankind. This Project entitled Power
Generation By Non-Conventional Methods is a
power generating method which uses the natural
resources like solar energy, the pressure which is
created while walking and also other sources like
pressure developed during vehicular movement at
speed breaker of roadway.The fluctuation in the
amount of sunlight that arrives at the earths surface,
the time of day, time of year and weather conditions
affect production and must be considered for proper
application. Hence in order to increase the efficiency
we use a auto tilting mechanism for the solar panel.
The tilting mechanism is controlled based on the light
detected by the LDR sensors & each time it is
positioned such that the sun rays fall perpendicular to
the panel. Hence making optimal use of suns energy.
Power Generation Unit

Block Diagram
The system described here is an arrangement of
solar power generation type. The solar panels
convert the natural light into electrical voltage which
can be stored into a battery through a suitable
charge controller. In charge controller circuit the
diode capacitor arrangement prevents the flow of
voltage from battery to solar panels .the solar outputs
not constant because, as per the light energy fall on
solar panels may vary, at this time we want 100%
output from the solar panels .To avoid such problems
the solar panels can be tilted as per the sun tracking
from east to west. For such requirement some
sensors are required which can detect the solar
tracking and has to turn the motor. The track sensors
may be LDR (light dependent resistors) or
photodiodes. The signal output has been connected
to the track controller circuit. As per the input signal
the track controller kit provides a suitable voltage for
motor and it rotates according to the input circuit. The
energy stored in the battery can be used to illuminate
the street light using a LED arrangement. The power
required for LED system is very less and provides a
good illumination. The battery voltages can be
monitored through a monitoring circuit which is
designed with zener based switching unit.
Limitations
1. Initial cost of solar panel setup is high
2. The Batteries require maintenance
Conclusion
The team have designed a special solar panel which
tilts and positions itself according to the movement of
the sun such that maximum peak efficiency is
obtained resulting in high power generation. The
whole arrangement is easy and effective to
implement, highly reliable and echo-friendly.
135. GSM BASED BORDER SECURITY
SYSTEM USING WIRELESS
SENSOR NETWORKS

COLLEGE : RAO BAHADUR Y. MAHABALESHWARAPPA
ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BELLARY
GUIDE : SIREESHA.K
STUDENTS : NIKHIL.D
YUGANDHAR REDDY.I
NALINA.H
HIMA BINDU.K

Introduction
The improvement of science and technology has
lead to many changes in the way of life. In this regard
an attempt has been made to design a embedded
system, which takes the responsibility of checking
the intruder when an dangerous condition is found.
The system consists of vibration sensors to check
sensitive points of the border. The outputs of sensors
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are fed to micro controller for digital conversion by
using ADC. The output of ADC is stored in memory
locations and then compared with standard reference
values of lookup table to decide whether the
parameter is safer or not. The same procedure is
used to check all other parameters when an
abnormality is found the robot will move forward and
turns off the corresponding system immediately to
control the subunit from damage. GSM modem can
be controlled by standard set of AT (Attention)
commands. These commands can be used to control
majority of the functions of GSM modem. The
software of the project is written in personnel
computer and then entered into the chip by using
programmer after simulation.
Applications
1. Used at the borders to check the entry of the
enemy.
2. Used at the entrance of industries
3. Sensitive areas of high-density luxury hotels and
tourist places.
4. Used in airports, bus stations, railway stations,
radio stations, courts, research centers,
important political places etc.
Advantages
1. It cost effective and time efficient
2. Reduces human errors and works faster
3. Easy Installation and Maintenance
4. Less Power consumption

Capacity of the device
The designed system to obtain border security which
helps us to monitor the intruder continuously without
manual operation. It is using wireless sensor
networks, which are deployed near the border. The
implementation of this system is complex and
requires small size ASICs and modern wireless
techniques. The system is designed with two sensor
networks for demonstration, which consumes
negligible power.
136. MICROCONTROLLER BASED
PROCESS MONITORING AND
SAFETY SYSTEM WITH CLOSED
LOOP SYSTEM

GUIDE : MRS. GIRIJA.P
STUDENTS : ANAND.P
PRIYANKA.S.G
MAHESH.C
HIMANSHU SINGH

Introduction
To monitor process parameters is an important task
because the need is for higher end security for
industry. This is very integral part of the industrial
system because a lot of money is invested for the
security of the industry but yet full proof security is
not available. This system involves a microcontroller
which enhances the security as it controls all the
process parameters. It involves automation which
reduces human effort and also a non-technical
person can also control the outcome which is to
secure the industry because it has display and voice
announcement which are easily understandable.

Block diagram of the process industry and its security
system
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Control Room Arrangement
The encoder now transmits this signal over an ASK
TX unit which radiates the signal towards control
room and the receiver which is placed at control
room receives these signals and decoding takes
place. The microcontroller is programmed to
interface a LCD where it shows the particular
abnormal condition of that parameter.
In case of abnormality a feed back system sense this
parameter and give a control signal to control TX
where it sends a signal towards RX and a signal
conditioner sends a signal to particular load to make
it normal.
Suitable for all kinds of industries.
Less risk because of immediate sensing and
reporting and hence more effective.
Less man power is required and gets the report.
Damages to the machine can be avoided.
137. A REMOTE MONITORING SYSTEM
TO IMPROVE EDUCATIONAL
ACTIVITIES OF VISUALLY
IMPAIRED STUDENTS

GUIDE : MRS. RAKHEE PATIL
MR. S.KOTRESH
STUDENTS : T.K TEENA TRESA
K. SANDEEP
ADARSHA.T.
MD. SHUAIB.L.

Introduction
The activities oriented to visual impaired people have
always played an important role, form a social point
of view as well as a scientific one, on account of their
complexity, but also for the difficult relations between
such people and the tutors. During the teaching
activity on informatics, the visually impaired student
should be provided with useful kinds of assistance;
moreover, the environmental condition and his health
conditions should be continuously and in real time
monitored in order to evaluate the development and
the difficulties.
For this reason, there is a need of remotely
monitoring the working condition of the student in
order to catch sight of possible difficulties happened
to the user, with the purpose of arranging suitable
assistance. The interaction between the student and
the personal computer should be evaluated on the
basis of both the status of the PC station adopted
and the values of some biophysical parameters of
the student himself.
Objective
To develop a remote monitoring system to improve
educational activities of visually impaired students
Methodology
(a) Hardware Requirements: RFID card, Serial port
interface card, PSOC Microcontroller , RFID card
reader, ECG Sensor, ECG Probe, PCB, MAX232,
Amplifier Circuit
(b) PC Requirements
(c) Software Requirements: JDK1.6, Cloud Garden,
Java Speech API, Visual C++
(d) Block Diagram

1) Catch sight of possible difficulties happened to
the user.
2) Implement a sensorial network for monitoring the
biophysical conditions of the user.
3) Provide a solutions able to automatically adapt
the working environment to the requirements of
the visually impaired user.
4) Monitor the students working condition is
constantly, through an intuitive and functional
graphical user interface.
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rd
138. DESIGN, FABRICATION AND
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF
AN AUTOMATIC SHOWER BATH
SYSTEM

COLLEGE : B.L.D.E.AS DR. P.G.HALAKATTI COLLEGE OF
ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, BIJAPUR.
GUIDE : PROF. S.K. GIRI
STUDENTS : VANGALA PRATEEK
VIKASH SINGH
RUSHI PATEL
DHARMESH SINGH

Introduction
An innovative and totally new attempt is being made
to design and fabricate an automatic shower bath
system using only 5 liters of a mixture of hot water,
cold water and pressurized air for total bath. The
person sitting on the easy chair, while taking bath
may oscillate the easy chair slowly by his body
weight keeping his legs and hands totally free. The
water will fall on the body as per the wish of the
person and without operating any valves .Thus
keeping the hands totally free for bathing purpose
.The device is most compact, light in weight,
portable, low cost and most useful where there is
shortage of water.
Methodology

The methodology of this project is saving of water
required by bathing purpose. The mixture of
pressurized little water and pressurized air is
obtained, by manually operating 4 small diaphragm
pumps fitted at the four curved ends of the chair,
which works on the simple principle of Blacksmiths
Bellows. In this machine air and water are sucked
separately and the discharge is delivered to a shower
through a combined pipe. Thus a person taking a
bath is exposed to a mixture of freely available
pressurized air and little quantity of medium
pressurized air-water.
Suggestions for Future Development:
The rubber diaphragm can be replaced with
leather, which has more strength and flexibility
than rubber to give better life of machine.
The machine can be made foldable.
Size of the machine can be reduced.
The pan can be made up of smaller diameter and
shorter in height, to reduce stroke length.
Advantages
The machine can be used by army troops.
The device is compact, light in weight, portable,
low cost
The water will fall on the body as per the wish of
the person and without operating any valves
Amount of water utilized for bathing is less so it
will be a boom where there is shortage of water.
139. DRY CHILLI DE-SEEDING UNIT

COLLEGE : GM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,
DAVANGERE.
GUIDE : SRI. B. R. SREEDHAR
STUDENTS : ABHIJITH KRISHNA
NARPATH MUNDEL
SHRAVANTH G SHANBHAG
VINAY M R

Introduction
The main objective of the project is to design a
machine which facilitates the farmers for efficient &
cost effective methods of de-seeding chilli. Initially,
the team did the survey in villages and observed the
existing conventional de-seeding techniques. Also,
visited the agricultural machinery enterprises and
seen the fewer number of available industrial
equipments for deseeding chilli. The team automized
this process by designing a new machinery in which
the chilli fed into the hopper is cut into small pieces
and passed over the sieves of different grades to
separate the flakes and the seeds. Finally, the team
has succeeded in fabricating a machinery to
separate the seeds from dry chilli and obtained a set
of results. The team did the performance analysis of
the fabricated unit by comparing it with the existing
processes through statistical data. and found that this
machine is economical, cost effective, reducing labor
cost, with increased productivity and no health
hazards to the operators.
Objectives
The aim of the study is to mechanize the process of
de-seeding Dry Chilli by using small mechanical unit
which is at affordable price, helps in reducing
farmers effort and also improves the productivity.
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rd
To increase the efficiency.
To reduce the Process time.
To simplify the existing process.
To reduce the Labour cost.
Portable unit.
To make cost effective.
No health hazards to the users.
Methodology
Conducted the field survey and industrial visit for
data collection.
Identified the problems involved in dry chilli de-
seeding.
Studied the existing machines for chilli de-
seeding.
Proposed to make a small mechanical unit for
chilli de-seeding.
List out the various components used for
machine.
Designing and Drawing of each element of the
machine.
Purchasing / manufacturing the elements
required for the machine.
Assembling of components and testing the
workability of machine.

Dry Chilli De-Seeding Unit
Working Principle of Proposed Machine.
Dry Chilli whole is first fed into the hopper.
The fed Chilli is passed through a cutter where it
is lightly crushed into small pieces.
Then the seeds and seed sized flakes are
collected at the bottom through a sieve and the
rest flakes are flown out of the unit.
The seeds and seed sized flakes are passed
through different fine sieves so that only the
seeds are collected at one end and all other
flakes, powder are collected on the other side
Thus the Seeds are separated from the Chilli
Whole.
Results
Conducted various trials for different weight of chilli
being poured into the hopper to evaluate the
machines performance and also to find the
production rate and the capacity of the machine to
deseed continuously. Comparison was done with the
existing method and this machine was found to be
cost effective to the farmers. The seeds obtained
from this machine were also tested for the
germination and was certified that there is no effect
on germination of seeds.
Scope for further Development
With a further installation of a blower or a gravity
separator the wastes that are collected along with the
seeds can be further processed and cleaned and the
seeds obtained from this machine can be directly
sent for the chemical treatment.
140. IMPROVEMENT IN THE DESIGN
AND FABRICATION OF LOW COST
FILAMENT WINDING MACHINE

GUIDE : DR. K.SABEEL AHMED
STUDENTS : ASLAM S
MOHAMMED ALI
MOHAMMED ALEEM
JITIN PRAKASH

Introduction
The aim of the present work is to the design and
fabricate a low cost filament winding machine to
produce small sized circular specimens of fiber
reinforced plastics. The Conventional filament
winding machines available in the market are very
large in size and are very expensive. Such machines
can be used to produce medium to large sized actual
components such as rocket motor casing, pressure
vessels, storage tanks etc. To produce tube samples
and other circular specimens of different dimensions
for the different mechanical tests and applications, it
is unworthy to procure such costly machines,
particularly by the educational institutions. In the
present work, an attempt is made to design and
develop a low cost filament winding machine.
33
rd
Objectives
The Conventional filament winding machines
available in the market are very large in size and are
very expensive. Such machines can be used to
produce medium to large sized actual components
such as rocket motor casing, pressure vessels,
storage tanks etc. To produce tube samples and
other circular specimens of different dimensions for
the different mechanical tests and applications, it is
unworthy to procure such costly machines,
particularly by the educational institutions. This
motivated us to select this project. In the present
work, an attempt is made to design and develop a
low cost filament winding machine.The proposed
machine has simplified design and is fabricated using
low cost and easily available materials. Design of
such machine is not noticed anywhere in the
literature till date.
Methodology
Filament winding process is highly suited for the
production of tubular components. It is possible to
get fiber to resin ratio as high as 90%. The process is
automated and hence personnel errors are avoided.
It involves less capital expenditure as compared to
similar requirement for making the component using
a metal. The major advantage is the rate of lay down
of the impregnated reinforcement is high typically in
the range 50350 kg/hr. Filament Winding is the
process of winding resin-impregnated fiber or tape on
a mandrel surface in a precise geometric pattern.
This is accomplished by rotating the mandrel while a
delivery head precisely positions fibers on the
mandrel surface. By winding continuous strands of
carbon fiber, fiberglass or other material in very
precise patterns, structures can be built with
properties stronger than steel at much lighter
weights. Out of these above processes, filament
winding involves low cost and is the fastest technique
for manufacturing of fiber reinforced cylindrical
components as high-pressure pipes and tanks.
The machine may be made to stop automatically, by
adopting suitable sensors.
Conclusions
The machine is capable of producing pipe
samples of different diameters using mandrels of
different sizes.
Different combination of fibers and resins can be
used to produce the pipe.
Machine has the provision to control the
parameters like pitch length, helix angle and pipe
length.
The maximum diameter of the pipe is limited to
150 mm.
The machine has the provision to adjust the
stroke length (max. carriage movement).
The working of the machine is smooth and free
from vibrations.
Minimum wastage of the resin is noticed while
conducting the performance test.
The machine is fully automatic in the sense that
the operator need not interfere once the machine
is started till the completion of pipe fabrication.
The cured cylindrical component can be easily
removed from the mandrel by the application of
grease and plastic sheet.
141. ATV (ALL TERRAIN VEHICLE),
INCORPORATED WITH TRACTOR
MECHANISM.

BELGAUM
GUIDE : SHRI. VINAYAK V. KULKARNI
STUDENTS : BHARAT A. PATIL
KARTHIK M.
KRUNAL K. JADHAV

Introduction
The main aim of the project concentrates on helping
those farmers, who cant afford these costly
machineries. Since this ATV is highly economical,
many will be able to afford this. ATV, which will cost
them around Rs.80,000 and does almost all the
works that a tractor can do. This ATV will be able to
plough and pull loads if a small trolley is attached.
Though this ATV will not be able to plough deep and
pull tons of heavy loads.
Objectives
The project aims at the fabrication of an ALL
TERRAIN VEHICLE (ATV) incorporated with tractor
mechanism, which will be highly cost effective. This
ATV is having a simple design and can be
customized as per the users requirements. It is easy
to construct and operate and needs least
maintenance.
Methodology
Selection of the engine: ATV needs an engine
which is having high power and high torque to serve
the purpose of ploughing and to run on various
terrains. As this ATV will be highly fuel efficient and
needs an engine with greater fuel efficiency.
Fabrication of Chassis: The next step is to design
the chassis to carry the Pavilion load and the engine
weight. The fabrication of chassis will be done
according to the engine size, structure and weight.
The chassis will be tested for balancing.
Mounting the Engine: After chassis is fabricated the
engine will be mounted at its specified place using
appropriate fasteners.
Fixing the Suspensions and wheels: After the
engine is mounted the axel is fabricated as required
33
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and the shaft with differential gear is coined into it.
Then the Suspensions and the wheels are mounted.
The tyres with high grips are selected.
Setting up of the electrical connections along
with the Human Strap: This involves the setting up
of wirings, battery, head lamps, tail lamps and
ignition switch etc.
The human strap will be will tied up to the riders
hand and if the Strap comes out of hand Ignition will
be cut off and ATV will shut down. This will help to
avoid damage to the ATV during accidents.
The attachment of the plough to the chassis along
with the Hydraulic unit is done. This unit will have two
HYDRAULIC ARMS at its rear, on which a plough
can be mounted so that it can be used in farms. This
hydraulic system will be hand operated.
Scope and future work
A trolley can be attached, which will pull a load of
around 2 tonne.
Sowing attachment.
Front bucket, to remove the mud.
Can be used for toeing.
By having a greater power engine, Ploughing
performance can also be improved .
An automatic hydraulic system, to operate the
plough.
142. ROSE DELEAFING MACHINE

COLLEGE : MARATHA MANDALS ENGINEERING COLLEGE,
BELGAUM.
GUIDE : PROF. R. C. SHELLEPPAGOL
STUDENTS : ABHIJEET KARDE
BHUSHAN PATIL
SHIVAKUMAR PATIL
GOURAV MORE

Introduction
Floriculture industry in India is a tremendous growing
industry with substantial Potential with India being a
basically an agriculture base country. Rose
cultivation forms the major part of the export from
India. In exporting these produce, the packing of
these rose flowers is of prime importance with
regards to the shelf life and aesthetic appeal. The
rose stems Normally 20 numbers are packed
together as an bunch, with wrapping paper at the
bottom of the bunch. The area in which the wrapping
paper is wrapped has to be effectively de-leafed
leaving the stem void of any leaf or thorns. The
Deleafing machine is one step towards the
mechanization of the process which proves to be a
complete solution for small scale and large
production.
Objectives
1. To Design an Easy To Handle Rose Deleafing
Machine.
2. To increase productivity.
3. To prevent damage of stem.
Present Method for De-Leafing
The present method of de-leafing is a manual one.
The labor holds the rose stem to be de-leafed,
maximum of three at a time and beats it with a
wooden strip to remove the leaves and thorns from
the stem.
Advantages of rose de-leafing machine
A. Time factor: The process of deleafing takes place
at fast rate reducing the time consumption.
B. Space : The floor space required for the machine
is very small. It requires no foundation (heavy).
C. Vibrations : The machine various cutting forces
act on the machine elements. These forces cause
the vibrations in the machine elements. But the
machine is much robust to take up the vibrations.
D. Lubrication: The machine uses ball bearings
which are pre lubricated with bearing grease and are
provided with dust covers thereby eliminating the
need fore frequent lubrication.
E. Maintenance: The machine is simple is
construction with minimal maintenance cost and
extreme simplicity in replacement of parts in case of
failure.

Result & Conclusion
Reduce the time required for de-leafing per
bunch.
Reduce the amount of handling.
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Reduce the labor requirements for process.
Reduce the damages on stem thereby improving
the quality and shelf life of produce.
143. LOW COST NOODLE EXTRUSION
MACHINE
COLLEGE : SAMBHRAM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,
BANGALORE
GUIDE : MR. SAHADEVA.G.N
STUDENTS : MANJU.B .B.
RAGHAVENDRA.H
NAVEEN KUMAR S. BADIGER
POWDAN.D
Introduction
It is very easy to produce Noodles, Pastas,
Vermicelli, etc using through extrusion. The machine
is very easily workable and unsophisticated in its
design. In market the noodle making machines are
available but it is expensive therefore cannot be
afforded by the people. Low cost noodle extrusion
machine can be designed for easily operation and
control. It can be made affordable by the rural
community.
Objectives
To design a low cost noodle extrusion machine
affordable by rural community.
Methodology
The equipment consists of a hollow cylinder,
noodle template, frame, and screw conveyer,
motor with speed controller.
The shaft of the motor is directly coupled to the
screw conveyor which runs into the hollow
cylinder.
The power to the motor is ON then the speed is
varied.
Oil is thoroughly applied trough out the material
follow.
The pre-prepared boiled rice dough are made
into small valves and fed into the funnel.
The rotating screw conveyor carries the rice ball
and extrudes it against the noodle template.
1. Long noodles can be made with application of
100N force on the rice dough. With different
template other patterns can also be made.
2. For better hygienic conditions stainless steel
(SS304) can be used.
3. For better quality noodles, rice dough shall be in
the soft condition.
Conical cup are which has the pattern at the bottom
for a better output than a flat plate die.
144. AUTOMATIC FERROUS POWDER
SEPARATOR

COLLEGE : SIDDAGANGA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
TUMKUR
GUIDE : MR. MADHU M. C.
STUDENTS : VIJAYA H.
VISWAJEETH K
DARSHAN K. B.
UMESH P
VIKASH ANAND
Introduction
Most metals found in the Earths crust exists as an
oxide and sulphide compounds. These mineral
compounds must be reduced to liberate the desired
metal. The reduction of these compounds can be
carried out through either electrolytic or chemical
process. Treatment of ores to concentrate their
valuable constituents (minerals) into products
(concentrate) of smaller bulk, and simultaneously to
collect the worthless material (gangue) into discard
able waste (tailing). Magnetic separation utilizes the
force exerted by a magnetic field upon magnetic
materials to counteract partially or wholly the effect of
gravity. Thus under the action of these two forces
different paths are produced for the magnetic and
non-magnetic particles.
Objective
To design and fabricate a portable Automatic Ferrous
Powder Separator for removal of contaminants from
iron ore.
Methodology
1) The proposed separator consists of following
components : - container, blades, impeller
consisting shaft, Bearings, A Motor assembly
Electromagnet and inlet and exhaust parts.
2) The design involved deciding Mechanical and
Electrical parameters of components listed
above.

Working principle
1) When the mixture of the iron ore with
contaminants is fixed to container unit it will fill
the container to some height. When the motor is
switched on due to rotary action to the blades will
be thrown in tangentially outward due to
centrifugal force.
33
rd
2) Magnetic field will be generated by the
electromagnet installed in the outer surface
container. The iron ore pieces due to other their
paramagnetic property with stick with these
magnet and the contaminants get settle.
3) With magnetic field on the contaminants will be
discharged by the outlet provided in the system.
4) Once magnetic fields are off, the iron get down to
the bottom surface and recover form the outlet
port.
1) Separating the iron ore mixed contaminated
particle can be used by the semi killed worker in
the small scale industry. This is a portable
machine hence it can be taken to any part, with
in the industry. This is also economical, and can
be used in small scale industry where the capital
intensity is low. This design is simple and less
machine parts are involved, so vibration induced
is minimum, by the use of proper damper further
minimize the vibration effect.
2) It can conclude that the design helps prove
beneficial in the small scale industry with the less
investment and maintenance.
Scope for the future work
1) With the use of the microcontroller, sensors and
feedback systems, increases the overall
efficiency.
2) Use of more electromagnets to increase the
electro magnetic field, hence it increases the
performance and efficiency.
145. PEDAL OPERATED POWER
GENERATOR

COLLEGE : SIDDAGANGA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
TUMKUR
GUIDE : Dr. U. S. MALLIKARJUN
STUDENTS : MANJUNATH O.
ABHILASH KUMAR K. S.
AKSHAY SHANBHAG
SHIVAPRASAD A. M.

Introduction
The aim of the present project is to utilize human
energy during cycling exercise by peddling cycle to
maintain his body fitness, to produce power. This
power can be generated in rural and remote areas
also, where power is unreliable. This Pedal
Generator can be used as a backup. The exercise
machine has a pair of pedals and a wheel that is
rotated when the pedals are rotated. The shaft of the
cycle can be coupled to a generator in turn the
generator generates electricity. The generator may
be driven by a chain that is rotated by the pedals.
The generator is detachably coupled to the exercise
machine. This permits use of the exercise device
without producing electricity also. Aim of the present
investigation is also to provide a new pedal operated
power generating system which is economical with
regard to both materials and labour.This power
generated can be used to charge UPS, which in turn
can be utilized to run a TV, Computer, Blender
generate power while in remote areas, Emergency
power (e.g.- Wheat Grinder, HAM radio), Educational
tool for the classroom, Charge cell phone/ laptops,
Charge lead acid AGM power pack/ batteries. It is
reliable where power fluctuations are more and
where power lines couldnt reach.
Methodology
The machine has a pair of pedals and a wheel that is
rotated when the pedals are rotated. The shaft of the
cycle can be coupled to a generator in turn the
generator generates electricity. The generator may
be driven by a chain that is rotated by the pedaled.
The generator is detachably coupled to the exercise
machine. This permits use of the exercise device
without producing electricity also. The basic principle
governing the pedal generator is that mechanical
energy generated by rotation of pedals must be
harnessed by an electric DC generator. In order to
achieve this conversion from mechanical to electrical
energy, the generator is connected to the rear wheel
of an exercise bicycle such that peddling would result
in rotation of the generator shaft. The rear wheel
effectively serves as a flywheel due to its large
rotational momentum. The primary advantage of the
free wheel is that it regulates the inconsistent and
discontinuous rotational motion created by the
cyclist. In order to limit energy losses due to friction,
chains and sprockets can be used to connect the
motor to the rear wheel. A freewheel is attached to
the shaft where the DC generator is coupled to it.
The free wheel can be driven by the chain drive,
which is run over the sprocket attached to hub of
cycle rear wheel. The chain drive rotates the free
wheel shaft which in turn runs the DC generator
coupled to the free wheel shaft and the power is
generated. The exercise machine has a pair of
pedals and a wheel that is rotated when the pedals
are rotated. The shaft of the hub of the rear wheel of
the cycle can be coupled to a DC generator through
chain drive which in turn generates electricity.
Conclusion
The pedal operated power generator works
efficiently and charges 6 volts battery effectively.
It is reliable where power fluctuations are more
and where power lines couldnt reach.
Even urban/periursan people can also afford for
power generation.
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146. VERTICAL AXIS WIND TURBINE

CHITRADURGA
GUIDE : PROF. K. K. GURURAJA
STUDENTS : APOORVA B. V.
SUNIL S.
RAMAKRISHNA REDDY K.
PRASAD D. V.
Introduction
A vertical axis wind turbine, by definition, has its axis
of rotation perpendicular to both the earth surface
and the wind stream. On the other hand, the axis of
rotation of a horizontal axis wind turbine is parallel to
the direction of wind stream. This thesis is aimed at
determining an alternative scope and measure for
generating sufficient power output despite being
mounted at ground level unlike horizontal axis wind
turbines which are usually mounted on towers at
higher altitudes. The data on the wind with respect to
its magnitude and direction is essential. Both these
factors change continuously and the change is
unpredictable. Hence, it is necessary to establish this
data. For proper utilization of wind power it is
necessary to record its characteristics at the location
of the wind mill. The working model was fabricated
and put for field testing at one of the potential sites of
ENERCON (INDIA) Pvt LTD. in Chitradurga by
studying the local factors of Chitradurga and
procuring the data from INDIA METEOROLOGICAL
DEPARTMENT, Bangalore. As per the test, the
rotation of the rotor meets the satisfactory concerns
and can be improved by rectification of design and
material selection for fabricating. The scope and
application of Vertical axis wind turbine is in the
domestic use as roof top mounted power generating
systems and also in urban and suburban areas and
also in the areas where turbulence exist.
Conclusion
During the field testing of working model, it is
observed that the Potential sites which are existing
for HAWT in the Chitradurga are also the Potential
sites for mounting VAWT. Thus it can conclude that
VAWT can also be mounted on the ground level near
the potential sites. Many villages in Chitradurga are
located near hilly regions, where possible turbulence
exists which can be utilized for generation a possible
output through VAWT systems.
147. SOLAR OPERATED CUTTING
MACHINE WITH SAFETY DEVICE

CHITRADURGA
GUIDE : SRI A. M. RAMESH
STUDENTS : BASAVARAJ S. MALAKANNAVAR
UMAMAHESHWARA K. S.
KAVYA SHREE R
SANJAY H. M.
Introduction
The main aim for our project has been to develop a
solar operated cutting machine, which is solar
powered. In this machine used a solar panel to
capture and convert solar energy into electrical
energy which is turn is used to charge four 12V
batteries, which then gives the necessary power to a
shunt down DC motor. This power is then transmitted
to the rear wheel through belt drives. The speed
control is done through a variable belt arrangement.
Objective
To design and fabricate a solar powered wood
cutting machine, including necessary safety device
for the operator.
The Machine Consists of the following components :
Solar panel (6VDC,Jwatts)
Battery (6VDC,3.8Ah)
Sensors
Motor (0.5 Hp)
Cutting Blade
Gear System
Steel Frame (for harshing the above
components) with wooden platform
Advantages
1) Better use of renewable source energy.
2) Low maintenance cost.
3) No requirement of skilled labor.
4) Eco friendly, it reduces environmental pollution.
5) Simple in construction and portable.
148. ANTI-TOPPLE MECHANISM FOR
TWO WHEELERS

BAGALKOT.
GUIDE : DR.S.N.KURBET
STUDENTS : BHARATKUMAR. K .MANVI
MAHADEV. S .BHUTI
GAURAV. D .CHAVAN
MANJUNATH. A. ELLUR
Introduction
The present mechanism is to reduce skidding &
toppling of the rear wheel in two wheeler (presently
on bicycle). At higher velocities of two wheelers there
are lots of possibilities of skidding & toppling of rear
wheels due to sudden application of brakes & also
when it hits humps.
Skidding & toppling may cause accident and damage
of vehicle parts & sometime it may go beyond the
limits that cause hazardous accidents. Hence the
present mechanism developed will reduce the bad
impacts of sudden stopping of two wheeler.
To develop a working model of this mechanism a
bicycle is selected whose frame has been cut into
parts & reattached using anti-topple mechanism in-
between these parts.
Anti-topple mechanism, so developed, consists of a
drum(2), square rod(3), rollers(7), locking system(6),
chain couplers(4) and arrangement has been
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schematically shown in figure. Coupler(4) consists of
chain drives, one is to drive the rollers(7) & another is
to drive the rear wheel, those are active in opposite
directions. During normal operation of the vehicle,
the square rod(3) is held firmly inside the drum(2) by
locking arrangement(6) irrespective of the speed of
the vehicle when brake is applied. The rod(3) is
made free to move in & out of the drum(2) when this
lock(6) is released during braking.
The movement of the rod(3) is due to transfer of
momentum of rear parts of the vehicle due to inertia.
The outward movement of the rod(3) cause the
roller(7) to rotate in anticlockwise direction. The
roller(7) coupled to the coupler(4) is rotated in
clockwise direction so as to cause the friction in-
between the roller(7) & the rod(3) hence the kinetic
energy of the rear parts is converted into friction,
heat and get dissipated. Lock(6) is released by a link
connected to braking(1).
1
2
3
3
7
4
1.handle with braking
arrangement.
2.drum.
3.squre rod.
4.chain coupler
5.paddle.
6.locking system.
7.roller.
ANNEXURE-II
4
5
6

Thus during sudden stopping of vehicle for any
reason generally cause the rear portion to get lifted
up resulting into toppling of the two wheeler. This
mechanism initially allows the rear portion to move
forward during its motion, the opposing motion of the
roller(7) resists the motion by relative movements.
Thus the energy transferred into friction.
There is compromise between the movement of both
parts which are in relative motion. This prevents the
lifting of rear parts, prevents the toppling of two
wheeler. The main application of this mechanism is
to prevent the accidents for larger extents.
149. TAMARIND SEED SEPARATOR

COLLEGE : SHRI B.V.V.SANGHAS BASAVESHWAR
ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BAGALKOT
GUIDE : PROF.V.V.KUPPAST
STUDENTS : BALACHANDRA BINGI
AMRUT C NASI
PARASHURAM
BASAVARAJ CHANNAL
Introduction
An attempt made to design and develop the portable
tamarind seed separator in which a simple
technology is used and any unskilled person (men
and women) can operate this device to contribute to
the countrys economic growth. The concept is taken
from the good old traditional practice of home
industries. Hence the traditional technology is also
given importance in the design of the present device.
The device consists of two major parts, one for the
rupture of the pulp another for separation of seeds
from the pulp. It uses minimum electrical energy to
run the motor and some of the process is manual, i.e.
for removal of pulp, seed etc.
Objective and Scope of the Project
1) Post harvesting of tamarind is a tedious and
laborious process, because of sticky nature of
tamarind pulp, also it requires more time.
2) In order to reduce the labour and time
consumption, this machine is designed and
which will increase the production rate and
reduces the cost of production.
3) It encourages the rural agricultural activity and
generates an opportunity for self employment.
Working Methodology
It works in two stages
1. Pulp coating rupturing stage
2. Pulp & seed separating stage

Pulp coating rupture stage

1. Pulp coating rupturing stage: The outer shell of
the ripened tamarind is removed manually and
thus the tamarind is collected and arranged in
the steel frame. Then the steel frame is placed
on the base plate of machine and the base plate
made up of stone with dimension 19*16*2.This
plate is placed in the machine frame slots
provided for placing it. Power supply is given to
the Electric motor with power rating of 1 hp and
shaft speed of 1440rpm.By means pulleys speed
at the cam shaft is reduced to 60 rpm and pulleys
are connected by means of V belts. As cam shaft
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rotates, the cams which are fixed at 180 to each
other. Hence each cam alternately lifts the
respective rams up to 100 mm and leaves them.
As the rams fall from a height of 100mm, they
produce an impact of 9.81N every time they
impact on tamarind. Thus this repeated impact
on Tamarind in frame ruptures the pulp. Thus
ruptured pulp is taken out of the frame and fed to
the seed separating drum. The same process is
repeated to rupture the remaining tamarind. The
isometric view of the device is shown in fig.1
above.
2. Pulp & seed separating stage

View of Seed Separator Drum
The tamarind whose pulp got ruptured in first stage
sufficiently are fed into the sieve .An AC electric
power is supplied to the motor, because of which
motor rotates at 2880 rpm, hence the sieve disc
rotates at the same speed. Because of high
rotational speed of disc, tamarind starts to
experience centrifugal force and seeds start to come
out of ruptured tamarind. Thus seeds got separated
from tamarind are spilled out of the disc from the
sieve fitted on the circumferential periphery of the
disc. This turbulence becomes an added advantage
in spilling out the seed out of the disc. Thus seeds
spilled out of sieve come out of drum from an
opening provided on the drum. A metallic wiper is
fitted in the drum to overcome the strucking of
tamarind in the sieve. Thus the operation of seed
separation of tamarind is carried out smoothly. The
pulp of tamarind remains in the disc, as soon as
seeds are completely spilled out of sieve, electric
power supply to the motor is stopped, as the sieve
disc comes to halt, pulp remaining in the sieve disc is
taken out manually.
The efficiency of the separator depends on the
quality and ruptured tamarind and the percentage of
rupture of tamarind depends on the impacts, which in
turn depends on the quantity of the tamarind in the
mill. Small quantity has more percentage of ruptured
tamarind, but for increased rate of removal, it is
obvious to go for maximum quantity of unruptured
tamarind in the mill. This device is not only a portable
but also can be used as a device for setting up a
small scale industry.
To increase the rate of production in large scale.
This requires high initial investment and high
operating cost.
Two unit device can be made single unit to
operate simultaneously and reduces the time gap
between taking the ruptured pulp out of first
stage and feeding it into seed separation stage.
150. DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF
2 IN 1 STOVE

COLLEGE : SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF
TECHNOLOGY, TUMKUR.
GUIDE : GIRISHA.C
STUDENTS : DADA HAYATH KHALANDAR SHARIFF
SYED HAROON ALBADRI
NAVEEN ASHISH.T
HASEEB ULLA KHAN SHIRANI

Introduction
Energy is a vital input for economic and social
development. In the present scenario, the
conventional fuels are depleting day by day, resulting
in increase in the rate of fuel in the multinational
market. This situation needs a new technology or
modifying the existing technology, for the effective
utilization of the fuel.The efficiency of the wood
burning stove ranges between 20% to 30%. The
efficiency of the electric stove is around 75%-80%.
Gas stoves are used for cooking purpose in cities. It
is found that the efficiency of the gas stove ranges
from 45% to 55%.
Objective
The objective of this project aims at developing and
analyzing a new Two-in-One stove which tries to
utilize the heat generated by the combustion of LPG
to the maximum level.
Methodology
For the commercially available Gas stove, water
tubes of diameter 8mm made up of copper, are
placed around the gas burner at different positions.
Through the water tubes water is made to pass,
during cooking the water flowing through the coils
absorb some amount of heat from the ignited LPG
and gets heated up thus obtaining optimum heat
utilization. The hot water obtained can be used for
other purposes. During working, one end of the coil is
connected to the water tap and the other end is
placed in the water collector. Water is passed
through the coils, and when it passes around the
burner during cooking it absorbs some amount of
heat from the reflected flames. The Two-in-One
stove is tested for its efficiency [Water Boiling Test]
with out the attachment, with attachment of 8mm
diameter copper tubes with half valve opening and
full valve opening.
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Model of 2 in 1 stove
The efficiency of the 2 in 1 gas stove is 50% - 55%,
where as the efficiency of the previous normal stoves
without the coil is 40% - 45%, thus the efficiency of
the 2 in 1 gas stove is increased by 8% - 10%. This
stove has a capacity to heat the water which is
flowing in coil up to 50 degree for high flame, full
opening. For half opening the water heats up to 65
degree with the same amount of fuel normally used
for cooking. The proposed 2 in 1 stove is a
multipurpose energy efficient utility stove. Its main
concept is to heat the water simultaneously while
cooking with no extra usage of fuel. It provides hot
water and steam if flow is controlled, as byproducts
during cooking. The fuel consumption for this stove is
less compared to other traditional stoves and this
stove has a thermal efficiency of 55%. This stove is
portable and cost about Rs. 2000 to Rs. 2500. The
stove is efficient, effective and easily affordable. This
stove is best suited for Restaurant and hotels,
Ultimately it was found that by attaching the copper
coils and passing the water through it, the overall
efficiency of the stove has improved and also during
the cooking process sufficient amount of hot water is
obtained. The overall efficiency of the stove with the
attachment has increased by 8% to 10% when
compared to the normally available gas stoves.
The coils used in the present work is made up of
copper, this coil can be changed with other materials
such as aluminum and other materials with greater
thermal conductivity. This attachment can be tested
in the domestic gas stoves. Apart from Water Boiling
Tests, Kitchen Performance Tests can also be
carried out.
151. SOLAR GRASS CUTTER

MANGALORE.
GUIDE : MR. MOHAMED GOWSPEER
STUDENTS : CHIDANANDA A T
KIRAN K
JAYARAJ
FABIAN ANCELM PAIS
IFTHIKAR AHAMED
Introduction
Grass cutter is the device used to cut the grass. The
grass cutters of different shape and size in the
market. All the grass cutter use non-renewable
source of fuel like petrol, electricity, kerosene etc but
these fuels may cause lots of pollution. So in order to
reduce problem regarding pollution.
Objective
To Design an Environment Friendly, Solar Energy
Based Grass Cutter
Methodology
Main components of the grass cutter are: a)
Solar Panel (40W) b) Battery (12V / 80 AH) c)
Inverter (600W) d) AC Motor Unit e) Machine
Components like Blade, V-Belt, Ball Bearing and
a Frame to have the Components.
The Machine was fabricated in the college
workshop.

Results & conclusion
a) This grass cutter could be fabricated at a cost of
about Rs.18000/-.
b) 1) Its easy to operate.
2) Its a portable and light weight.
Scope for the future work
Rather than going for belt drive for transmission of
speed between motor and shaft, gear system can be
used this can give maximum speed.

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TELECOMMUNICATION
ENGINEERING
152. DIGITAL ENERGY METER

TIPTUR
GUIDE : MS. SINDHU B. M.
STUDENTS : VIDYA V
GUNASHEELA
SINDHU K J
AMTUS SABA
Introduction
A digital energy meter or energy meter is a device
that measures the amount of electrical energy
consumed by a residence, business, or an
electrically-powered device. Electric meters are
typically calibrated in billing units, the most common
one being the kilowatt hour. A periodic reading of
electric meters establishes billing cycles and energy
used during a cycle.
Objectives
Accurate measurement of energy.
Highly stable design with no moving parts.
Energy consumption is displayed on LCD.
Low power consumption.
Compact due to use of microcontroller.
Simple and low cost.
The digital energy meter is an electronic device used
to measure & read also the data. The main function
of the energy meter is to calculate the power that is
use in daily life.
The main component of Digital energy meter is
PCB
ATMEL89C51 microcontroller
Energy sensing unit
Capacitor, inductor, rectifiers, diode, lcd led,
MOV, Input 230V A C, 5V Regulated Power
Supply etc.
An opto-isolator is a device that uses a short optical
transmission path to transfer an electronic signal
between elements of a circuit, typically a transmitter
and a receiver, while keeping them electrically
isolatedsince the electrical signal is converted to a
light beam, transferred, then converted back to an
electrical signal, there is no need for electrical
connection between the source and destination
circuits. Isolation between input and output is rated at
7500 Volt peak for 1 second for a typical component
costing less than 1 US$ in small quantities. The opto-
isolator is simply a package that contains both an
infrared light-emitting diode (LED) and a photo
detector such as a photosensitive silicon diode,
transistor Darlington pair, or silicon controlled rectifier
(SCR). The wave-length responses of the two
devices are tailored to be as identical as possible to
permit the highest measure of coupling possible.
Other circuitry for example an output amplifier may
be integrated into the package. An opto-isolator is
usually thought of as a single integrated package, but
opto-isolation can also be achieved by using
separate devices.

This project exactly replaces the old analog energy
meter with new generation electronic system with
LCD display. Here AD7751 Analog Ic is used for
sensing unit to interfacing with 230Vac In this analog
IC application circuit pulses are read .This energy
sensing unit measures the energy drawn by the load
,the pulses are generated by this unit .The pulses
rate is determined by the energy drawn by the load In
this IC one Coil is connected ,the phase wire is
passed through this coil , then the electric flux is
induced in this coil it cause some current and that
current is taken as input to AD7751 IC In the output
side of the Ad7751 IC one opto coupler is connected,
this opto coupler is for the isolation from sensing unit
to microcontroller . From this Optocoupler pluses are
taken, this pulses are the input to the microcontroller
which is connected to the port 3.4 of Atmel controller.
In this project each pulse is taken as one unit and
that is displayed in the 16x2 LCD Microcontroller is
directly interfaced with the LCD module .and also 3
slabs are installed for billing operation . for this slab
amount setting interfacing of keyboard matrix is done
in that matrix 3 keys are active one for menu ,
another two for Increment and decrement operation .
for the demo purpose 3 slabs are installed from this
operator choose an amount per unit . If any power
cut with the micro controller the display data will go
off , for that EEPROM is used for Retrieving data it
will display the old data unit consumed by the
customer In order to do all the activities a program
must be written for the microcontroller , The
microcontroller is programmed to read the pulse from
energy sensing ad calculates the energy consumed
by the load and displays the consumed energy on
LCD
Conclusion
This project is an effort to design and implement the
Digital energy meter with LCD display. Its a simple
and low cost system for accurate measurement of
energy.
* ~ * ~ *
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166
Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012

List of projects selected for PROJECT OF THE YEAR award
during the Seminar and Exhibition of Student Projects 32
nd
SERIES: 2008-2009
held on 4th and 5
th
September 2009 at
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY KARNATAKA, SURATHKAL, MANGALORE

BEST COLLEGE OF THE YEAR 2008-09

NMAM Institute of Technology, Nitte

BEST PROJECTS OF THE YEAR (Seminar)
1. A STUDY ON SOLID WASTE MICROFLORA AND ITS APPLICATION IN
BIODEGRADATION
GUIDE : MR. CHETAN D.
STUDENTS : ANUSHA JAIN
KAVITHA PURANIK
LOUELLA CONCEPTA GOVEAS
VARSHA

2. INFLUENCE OF VOLUME OF PASTE ON THE FRESH AND HARDENED
PROPERTIES OF SELF COMPACTING CONCRETE USING RECYCLED
AGGREGATES
COLLEGE : B. M. S. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BANGALORE
GUIDE : S. GIRISH
STUDENTS : MALLIKARJUNA G. N.
ATHAR HUSSAIN ALVI
GURUCHARAN H. V.
VIKAS
SWATHI S.

3. MULTI-LINGUISTIC PEOPLE SEARCH
COLLEGE : MALNAD COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, HASSAN
GUIDE : DR. K. C. RAVISHANKAR
STUDENTS : V. PRABHA
MEGHNA K. R.
SHILPASHREE D. R.
SHRUTHI H. R.
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167
4. RFID FOR SECURING THE IGNITION OF BIKES
COLLEGE : B.V.BHOOMARADDI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &
TECHNOLOGY, HUBLI
GUIDE : PROF. SAROJA V. SIDDAMAL
STUDENTS : ABHIJEET
AKSHAY DESAI
SHIRISHGOUDA PATIL
5. VARIABLE FLUSH TANK
COLLEGE : RAO BAHADDUR Y. MAHABALLESHWARAPPA
GUIDE : KORI NAGARAJ
STUDENTS : RAGHAVENDRAPRASAD K. K.
HARSHA B. T.
SRINIVAS S. G.
RUSHYANTH T. KODUR
6. WATER CLARIFICATION USING MORINGA OLIFERA (DRUMSTICK SEEDS)
COLLEGE : ADICHUNCHANAGIRI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,
CHIKMAGALUR
GUIDE : MAHIMA T.
STUDENTS : MONICA CHAKRAVARTHY
MANASA H. N.
POORNIMA DEVARAJ
7. SILK FIBROIN PROTEIN BASED BIOMATERIALS
GUIDE : DR. K. MURUGESH BABU
STUDENTS : JNAANAANANDSWAMY HULASOGI
VIJAYA KUMAR B. M
APPA RAJESHWARI D.
AVINA REKHA SIDRAMAPPA

BEST PROJECTS OF THE YEAR (Exhibit)
8. DEVELOPMENT AND FORMULATION OF EFFECTIVE MICROORGANISM
TECHNOLOGY FOR THE EFFECTIVE TREATMENT OF DAIRY INDUSTRY
EFFLUENT
COLLEGE : B.V.BHOOMARADDI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &
TECHNOLOGY, HUBLI
GUIDES : DR. V. S. SANGAM
MRS. SAVITA S DESAI
STUDENTS : ASMAPARVIN NAMAZI
LAXMI S JOSHI
SMITA A KADAM
SWETA GARGATTE
9. TOUCH SCREEN BASED SMS IN REAL TIME ENVIRONMENT
COLLEGE : DR. AMBEDKAR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,
BANGALORE
GUIDE : MS. ASHA
STUDENTS : CHETHANA.B. M.
DHANAREKHA.S
POORNIMA .P
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168
10. WIRELESS WEATHER STATION MONITORING SYSTEM USING GSM
COLLEGE : SHIRDI SAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BANGALORE
GUIDES : PRADEEP. B. JYOTI
NIBEDITA P.
STUDENTS : BHAVYA S.
SHWETHA P.
SHRUTHI H. M.
SUSHMA J.
11. SMART POWER METER
COLLEGE : NITTE MAHALINGA ADYANTHAYA MEMORIAL
INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, NITTE
GUIDES : DR. M. K. PARASURAM
MR. SUKESH RAO M
STUDENTS : NISHANTH S SHETTY
SANAT KUMAR PANDA
SUDHEER KUMAR NAYAK
PREM POUDYAL
12. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
COLLEGE : SIDDAGANGA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, TUMKUR
GUIDE : DR. R. KUMARA SWAMY
STUDENTS : PREETISH G.
REVANTH PRAKASH
SUHAS M.
VAIBHAV DESAI
13. REMOTE CONTROLLED DETECT AND DESTROY VEHICLE.
COLLEGE : BMS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BANGALORE.
GUIDE : K NARASIMHA RAO
STUDENTS : ANKIT JAIN
HEMANTH S
LAKSHMI JANARDHAN
NARENDRADUTT DATTATREYA KOLLUR

14. LIFE MADE EASIER FOR BLIND PEOPLE
COLLEGE : PROUDADEVARAYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,
HOSPET
GUIDE : MS. SANDHYA DASS
STUDENTS : ANIL KUMAR H. P.
DINESH GUPTA K. S.
GURURAJ P. JOSHI
HUSSAIN ALI PASHA S. K.

15. A DEVICE TO EXTRACT POMEGRANATE SEEDS
COLLEGE : BASAVESHWAR ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BAGALKOT
GUIDE : DR. S. N. KURBET
STUDENTS : MEGHARAJ
FIORELLO FERNANDES
K. VIJAY KUMAR
BASAVARAJ NERKIMANI

To know more about Student Project Programme (SPP), please visit our website
www.kscst.iisc.ernet.in/spp.html or www.kscst.org.in/spp.html
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Student Projects Sanctioned under 33
rd
Series (2009-10)

1. ACHARYA POLYTECHNIC, BANGALORE
SL.
NO.
PROPOSAL
NUMBER
TITLE OF THE PROJECT BRANCH NAME OF THE GUIDE/S
1. 33S0827 IMPLEMENTATION OF INTELLIGENT DIGITAL ENERGY
METER
ELECTRICAL AND
ELECTRONICS
MS.SUNITA V.M
2. 33S0826 REAL TIME AUTOMATED LOAD SHEDDING FOR POWER
LINES
ELECTRICAL AND
ELECTRONICS
MS. SUMA T. M.
3. 33S0823 IMPLEMENTATION OF AIR BAG SENSOR USING CAN
PROTOCOL WITH GSM TECHNOLOGY
ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
SHIVARUDRAIAH
2. ACHARYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, BANGALORE
4. 33S0726 PHOTOSHOP FOR ANDROID SMART PHONES COMPUTER SCIENCE
AND ENGINEERING
MR.SURESH PATEL
3. ADICHUNCHANAGIRI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, CHIKMAGALUR
5. 33S0273 STUDY OF BEHAVIOUR OF BENDABLE CONCRETE CIVIL ENGINEERING MR. M. RAMEGOWDA
6. 33S0640 GENERATION OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY BY USING
WIND
ELECTRICAL AND
ELECTRONICS
SATYANARAYANA RAO.R.D
7. 33S1041 ENERGY AUDIT: DEMAND SIDE MANAGEMENT OF A.I.T.
CAMPUS
ELECTRICAL AND
ELECTRONICS
A.M. LEELA
8. 33S1045 AUTOMATED METER READING ELECTRICAL AND
ELECTRONICS
MR. KANTHARAJ B
9. 33S1046 STUDY OF ENERGY CONSERVATION OF AIT CAMPUS
BY ENERGY AUDIT
ELECTRICAL AND
ELECTRONICS
PROF. A.M. LEELA
10. 33S1039 EASY INPUT HEAD CONTROLLED KEYBOARD AND
MOUSE INPUT DEVICE FOR PARALYZED AND
DISABLED USERS
ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
MR. PARVEEZ SHARIF
11. 33S1038 GSM BASED BORDER SECURITY SYSTEM USING
WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS
ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
H.D. GIRIPRAKASH
4. ANJUMAN ENGINEERING COLLEGE (FOR MEN), BHATKAL
12. 33S0920 DEFLORIDATION OF DRINKING WATER USING
INEXPENSIVE ACTIVATED CARBONS AS ADSORBENTS
CIVIL ENGINEERING PROF.M.N HIREMATH
13. 33S0978 STUDY OF PROPERTIES OF LETHAMARGIC SOIL OF
BHATKAL REGION AND ITS STRENGTH IMPROVEMENT
TECHNIQUES
CIVIL ENGINEERING PROF. PHALACHANDRA H.M
14. 33S0391 DEVELOPMENT OF PROTOTYPE MACHINE TO
PRODUCE CARBON FIBER PREFORM
MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
PROF. PADMAYYA S NAIK
5. B.V. BHOOMARADDI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, HUBLI
15. 33S0976 SECONDARY METABOLITES OF ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI
FROM MEDICINAL PLANTS: A NEW HOPE FOR
ANTITUMOR PROPERTY
BIOTECHNOLOGY MRS. SAVITHA S DESAI
16. 33S0001 AN EYE FOR THE BLIND ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
MR. PRIYATAM KUMAR
17. 33S0616 R.F BASED SPEECH CONTROL ROBOT ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
MS. ROHINI HONGAL
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170
18. 33S1007 PERFORMANCE STUDIES ON SOLAR AIR DRYER MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
MR. M.B. GORWAR
6. BANGALORE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, BANGALORE
SL.
NO.
PROPOSAL
NUMBER
19. 33S1018 PORTABLE BOOK READER : AN AID FOR VISUALLY
CHALLENGED
ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
MR. C.P. NARENDRA
7. BAPUJI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DAVANGERE
20. 33S0048 DEVELOPMENT OF PROSTHETIC LIMB CONTROL BY
TRACING MUSCLE SIGNALS
BIOMEDICAL
ENGINEERING
MR. ANJANEYA L. H. AND MR.
ALI I. K.
21. 33S0052 DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF NAVIGATION SYSTEM
FOR BLIND IN PUBLIC TRANSPORT
BIOMEDICAL
ENGINEERING
MR. VAGEESH V. KANTLI AND
MRS. RENUKA H.
22. 33S0054 HAND TALK SYSTEM - AN ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY
FOR DUMB AND DEAF
BIOMEDICAL
ENGINEERING
MR. ANJANEYA L. H. AND
MRS. SHUBHA V. PATEL
23. 33S0046 PRODUCTION OF ETHANOL FROM GENETICALLY
MODIFIED CORN POWDER
BIOTECHNOLOGY DR. B. G. PUJAR AND MR. N.
S. MANJUNATH
24. 33S0045 INVITRO ANTI-CANCER ACTIVITY OF SELECTED
HERBAL EXTRACTS
BIOTECHNOLOGY MR. MANJUNATH N. S., DR. B.
E. RANGA SWAMY PRAVEEN
KUMAR D. G.
25. 33S0007 STUDY ON CONVERSION OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE
TO LIQUID FUELS
CHEMICAL
ENGINEERING
DR. B. M. KULKARNI
26. 33S0008 PRODUCTION OF ETHANOL FROM CALIANDRA
CALOTHYRASUS PLANT
CHEMICAL
ENGINEERING
DR. S. SHANMUKHAPPA
27. 33S0010 DESIGN, FABRICATION AND PERFORMANCE
EVALUATION OF AIR ELUTRIATOR
CHEMICAL
ENGINEERING
MRS. MAMTHA M.
28. 33S1129 ASSESSMENT OF THE STATUS OF MUNICIPAL SOLID
WASTE MANAGEMENT IN DAVANGERE

CHEMICAL
ENGINEERING
DR. G. P. DESAI AND DR. H. B.
ARAVINDA
29. 33S0016 LOW COST NATURAL AIR-COOLING SYSTEM CIVIL ENGINEERING MR. S. B. PATIL
30. 33S0700 STUDIES ON QUALITY OF GROUNDWATER AND ITS
GEOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT IN JAGALUR TALUK OF
DAVANGERE DISTRICT
CIVIL ENGINEERING SRI.S.SUBRAMANYA
31. 33S0002 ANALYSIS OF HARMONICS IN LIGHTING SYSTEM ELECTRICAL AND
ELECTRONICS
DR. M. S. NAGARAJ
32. 33S0027 VOICE ENABLED WEB BROWSER INFORMATION
SCIENCE AND
ENGINEERING
MR. MOUNESHACHARI S. AND
MR. ANUPKUMAR M.
BONGALE
33. 33S0018 DIVINE (DEVICE FOR VISUALLY IMPAIRED FOR
NAVIGATING EVERYWHERE)
INSTRUMENTATION
TECHNOLOGY
PROF. B. M. JAYADEVAPPA
34. 33S0020 AUTOMATIC LIGHT AND TEMPERATURE CONTROLLER
WITH VISITOR COUNTER
INSTRUMENTATION
TECHNOLOGY
MR. SHIVAKUMAR
35. 33S1083 DEVELOPMENT OF A MOBILE ROBOT FOR CLEARING
CLOGGED SEWER PIPES
MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
MR. A. G. SHANKARA MURTHY
36. 33S0013 DEVELOPMENT OF ECO-BIOCOMPOSITES AND THEIR
APPLICATIONS
TEXTILE TECHNOLOGY DR. K. MURUGESH BABU
37. 33S0014 STUDY OF EXPLORING OF UNEXPLORED NATURAL
FIBRES - PINEAPPLE LEAF FIBRES
TEXTILE TECHNOLOGY MR. S. N. RAMESH
8. BLDEA'S V. P. DR. P. G. HALAKATTI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, BIJAPUR
38. 33S0781 STRENGTH AND ELASTICITY OF COMPOSITE
MORTARS
CIVIL ENGINEERING PROF.R.G TALASADAR
39. 33S0803 RECOGNITION OF JEWELRY ITEM FROM AN IMAGE COMPUTER SCIENCE
AND ENGINEERING
PROF.DAYANAND G.SAVAKAR
40. 33S0792 APPLICATION OF ZIGBEE FOR POLLUTION
MONITORING CAUSED BY AUTOMOBILES
ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
PROF.S.R.PUROHIT
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171
41. 33S0145 DESIGN, FABRICATION AND PERFORMANCE
EVALUATION OF AN AUTOMATIC SHOWER BATH
SYSTEM
MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
PROF. S. K. GIRI
42. 33S0147 BUCKLING ANALYSIS OF COMPOSITE PLATE WITH
HOLE
MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
PROF. PRADEEP V. MALAJI
43. 33S0149 PUNCTURE AND SKIDDING MANAGEMENT IN TWO
WHEELERS
MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
MR. V. V. NAGATHAN
44. 33S0146 EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS ON CI / DI ENGINE USING
PARADISE TREE-BORN OIL (BIOFUEL)
MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
PROF. Y. U. BIRADAR
45. 33S0138 EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS OF DRAG
COEFFICIENTS OF SEMI CIRCULAR HOLLOW
MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
DR. V. V. KATTI
9. BMS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BASAVANGUDI, BANGALORE
SL.
NO.
PROPOSAL
NUMBER
46. 33S0293 A STUDY OF ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIMICROBIAL
PROPERTIES OF NELUMBO NUCIFERA RHIZOME /
FLOWER ON HARMFUL BACTERIA AND BENEFICIAL
GUT FLORA
BIOTECHNOLOGY DR. M. RAJYALAKSHMI
47. 33S0438 COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON THE INHIBITORY EFFECTS
OF DIFFERENT PLANT SPECIES ON GERMINATION AND
EARLY GROWTH OF PARTHENIUM
BIOTECHNOLOGY DR.M.RAJYALAKSHMI
48. 33S0485 INVITRO ANTIFUNGAL BIOASSAY OF EUPHORBIA
NERIIFOLIA ROOT EXTRACTS ON CERATOCYSTIS
PARADOXA
BIOTECHNOLOGY CHANDRAPRASAD M.S.
49. 33S0441 SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND APPLICATION
STUDIES OF ZINC-OXIDE NANO POWDER
CHEMICAL
ENGINEERING
MR. SHIVA KUMAR R
50. 33S0678 EXPERIMENTAL AND ANALYTICAL STUDY OF
REINFORCED MASONRY
CIVIL ENGINEERING DR.S.RAGHUNATH
51. 33S0679 FRESH AND HARDENED PROPERTIES OF SELF
COMPACTING CONCRETE USING RECYCLED
AGGREGATES
CIVIL ENGINEERING MR.S.GIRISH
10. BMS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, YELAHANKA, BANGALORE
52. 33S1086 ADMINISTRATION OF KSCST AUTOMATION MASTER OF COMPUTER
APPLICATION (MCA)
PROF. SHIVAKUMARA T. AND
MR. MANISH KUMAR
53. 33S1085 ENGINEERING STUDENT PROJECT INFORMATION AND
AUTOMATION SYSTEM
MASTER OF COMPUTER
APPLICATION (MCA)
PROF. K. R. SUJATHA
11. BTL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT, HOSUR ROAD, BANGALORE
54. 33S0270 AUTOMATIC CONTROL AND COLLISION AVOIDANCE
SYSTEM FOR BRT (BUS RAPID TRANSPORT) SYSTEM
ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
MR. BASAVARAJ G. K.
12. CANARA ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BANTWAL TALUK, DAKSHINA KANNADA
55. 33S0168 VIDEO SURVEILLANCE USING MOTION DETECTION COMPUTER SCIENCE
AND ENGINEERING
MR. SUNIL KUMAR
56. 33S0169 HIGH SECURE MAILING SYSTEM COMPUTER SCIENCE
AND ENGINEERING
MR. PRAVEEN DESAI
57. 33S0170 VIDEO STREAMING USING CELL PHONE WITH
SECURITY
COMPUTER SCIENCE
AND ENGINEERING
MS. SUMATHI
58. 33S0173 AUTO CONTROLLED IRRIGATION UNIT IN GREEN
HOUSE
ELECTRICAL AND
ELECTRONICS
MR. MOHAN RAO
59. 33S0174 DESIGN, MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF THYRISTOR
CONTROLLED IMPEDANCE TYPE FACTS CONTROLLER
ELECTRICAL AND
ELECTRONICS
MR. RAGHUVEER H.
60. 33S0162 HARMFUL GAS AND HUMIDITY SENSOR WITH
WIRELESS (XBEE) TRANSMISSION AND RECEIPTION
ENABLED SMART INDUSTRIAL PLANT WITH
INTERACTIVE VOICE RESPONSE SYSTEM
ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
MS. VEENA DESAI
33
rd
172
61. 33S0177 PC CONTROLLED ROBOT AND WIRELESS DATA
ACQUISITION
ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
PROF. GANESH V. BHAT
62. 33S0167 INSULIN MEASURING PUMP INFORMATION
SCIENCE AND
ENGINEERING
MR. RAMNATH SHENOY B.
13. CHANNABASAVESHWARA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, GUBBI, TUMKUR
SL.
NO.
PROPOSAL
NUMBER
63. 33S0156 BEVERAGE VENDING MACHINE ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
DR. SURESH KUMAR D. S.
64. 33S0158 DEVELOPMENT OF PROTOTYPE MICROSYRINGE
INFUSION PUMP
ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
DR. SURESH KUMAR D. S.
65. 33S0377 REAL TIME VEHICLE TRACKING AND MONITORING
SYSTEM USING GPS & GSM
ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
K.V.JYOTHI PRAKASH
14. CMR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, ITPL, BANGALORE
66. 33S0153 WIRELESS INTELLIGENT SENSOR NETWORK BASED
SMART BUILDING FOR GREEN ENVIRONMENT AND
SECURITY
ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
MS. N. Y. SREE RANJANI
15. DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BANGALORE
67. 33S0101 EARTHQUAKE RESPONSE OF LUMPED SDOF SYSTEM CIVIL ENGINEERING MS. JYOTHI T. K.
68. 33S0100 INTRODUCTION TO MODIFIED BINDER IN STRUCTURAL
BASE COURSE LAYERS
CIVIL ENGINEERING DR. B. V. KIRAN KUMAR
69. 33S0105 STUDIES ON MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE GENERATION,
MANAGEMENT AND TO PROPOSE STRATEGIES USING
GIS THAT WILL IMPROVE AND YIELD ENVIRONMENTAL
BENEFITS IN MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
PROCESS
CIVIL ENGINEERING PROF. B. T. SHIVENDRA
70. 33S0724 INTELLIGENT STREET LIGHTS USING LIGHT INTENSITY
SENSOR
INSTRUMENTATION
TECHNOLOGY
MR.K.V SANTOSH
16. DR. AMBEDKAR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, BANGALORE
71. 33S0980 MICROCONTROLLER BASED DIGITAL FUEL QUANTITY
AND MILEAGE MEASUREMENT AND INDICATOR
INSTRUMENTATION
TECHNOLOGY
MR. SHRIDHAR H.R
17. G.M. INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, DAVANGERE
72. 33S1026 REMOTE MONITORING SYSTEM TO IMPROVE
EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES OF VISUALLY IMPAIRED
STUDENTS
COMPUTER SCIENCE
AND ENGINEERING
MR. ARVIND T.V
73. 33S0570 INTEGRATED EMBEDDED BIOMEDICAL WEARABLE
VEST FOR REMOTE MONITORING OF PHYSIOLOGICAL
SIGNALS WITH DISTRESS ALARM AND GSM
TECHNIQUE WITH VB
ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
MRS. MONIKA S.V. AND MISS
MANJULA K
74. 33S0572 COST EFFECTIVE TRANSPORT BABY INCUBATOR FOR
RURAL HEALTH CARE
ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
SMT. TEJASHWARI T. AND MS.
MAMATHA N
75. 33S0575 ULTRASONIC HAPTIC VISION SYSTEM ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
MISS. MANJULA K AND MISS
ASHWINI T.G
76. 33S0577 SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC DUSK-DAWN SWITCHING
SYSTEM
ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
MS. KALPAVI C.Y AND MRS.
USHARANI G.M
77. 33S0578 I-SERIES BLOOD BANK REFRIGERATOR ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
MS. KALPAVI C.Y AND MRS.
TEJESHWARI T
78. 33S0286 CONSISTENCY MAINTENANCE IN REAL TIME GROUP
EDITORS
INFORMATION
SCIENCE AND
ENGINEERING
MS. ASHA K.
79. 33S1009 AUXILLIARY AUTOMATED VEHICLE MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
MR. RAJANEESH M.N
33
rd
173
80. 33S1013 DRY CHILLI DE-SEEDING UNIT MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
SRI B.R. SREEDHAR
18. GOVERNMENT SRI KRISHNARAJENDRA SILVER JUBILEE TECHNOLOGY INSTITUTE,
BANGALORE
SL.
NO.
PROPOSAL
NUMBER
81. 33S0832 DEVELOPMENT OF BAMBOO/SILK BLENDED YARN AND
SEAMLESS KNITTED GARMENT
TEXTILE TECHNOLOGY A V SHIVAPRAKASH
19. GSSS INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY FOR WOMEN, MYSORE
82. 33S0844 REAL ECG MACHINE FOR DOCTORS WITH DATA
TRANSMISSION THROUGH GSM MODEM
ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
MS.AMRITHA THAKUR
83. 33S0846 VEHICLE ANTI-COLLISION USING ULTRASONIC
SIGNALS
ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
PADMASHREE S
84. 33S0848 MICROCONTROLLER BASED ROBOTIC ARM WITH
OBJECT SENSING SYSTEM
ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
M.ROOPA NANDINI
85. 33S0940 AUTOMATED TEST SOLUTION OF PCB ASSEMBLY ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
ARUNADEVI
20. H.K.B.K. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BANGALORE
86. 33S0482 POWER HOUSE MONITORING SYSTEM ELECTRICAL AND
ELECTRONICS
MR.AKHIB KHAN BAHAMANI
21. HIRASUGAR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, NIDASOSHI, BELGAUM
87. 33S0393 RETINAL AUTHENTICATION COMPUTER SCIENCE
AND ENGINEERING
MS.ARUNA A.DAPTARDAR
88. 33S0400 MICROCONTROLLER BASED PARTIAL LOADED
INDUCTION MOTOR SCHEME
ELECTRICAL AND
ELECTRONICS
MR.BALWANT PATIL AND MR.
AMIT NESHTI
89. 33S0614 ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF A SINGLE PHASE HYBRID
MODE POWER FACTOR CORRECTION CONVERTER
ELECTRICAL AND
ELECTRONICS
SHRI. S D HIREKODI
90. 33S1053 MICROCONTROLLER BASED SUB STATION
PROTECTION
ELECTRICAL AND
ELECTRONICS
SRI B.R. UMARANI
91. 33S0409 WIRELESS MICROCONTROLLER BASED BLACK BOX ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
PROF. N.K.HONNAGOUDAR
92. 33S0411 HEAT TRANSFER ANALYSIS IN FLUIDISED BED
GASIFIER
MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
PROF. S.N. TOPANNAVAR
22. ISLAMIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, N. P. ROAD, BANGALORE
93. 33S1125 DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF THE METALLIC WING OF A
TRANSPORT AIRCRAFT
MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
MD. KASHFUDDOJA
23. JAWAHARLAL NEHRU NATIONAL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, SHIMOGA
94. 33S0530 EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON UTILIZATION OF ERODE
STEEL PLANT BLAST FURNACE SLAG IN CONCRETE
CIVIL ENGINEERING DR. S. RAJENDRA
95. 33S0529 SELF HEALING BIO-CONCRETE AND ELECTRIC CURING CIVIL ENGINEERING DR. S. RAJENDRA
96. 33S1131 STUDY OF BIOMEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT IN
SHIMOGA CITY
CIVIL ENGINEERING MR. SHASHIKUMAR M.
HIREMATH
97. 33S0539 SEQUENCE KEY GENERATION USING W7 ALGORITHM
FOR EFFICIENT DATA ENCRYPTION
COMPUTER SCIENCE
AND ENGINEERING
MANJULA G R
98. 33S0111 STREET LIGHT MANAGEMENT - APPLIED TO JNNCE
CAMPUS
ELECTRICAL AND
ELECTRONICS
PROF. D. S. PRAKASH
WODEYAR
99. 33S0653 MICROCONTROLLER BASED FLOW CONTROL DEVICE ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
DR.M.N SHESHA PRAKASH
33
rd
174
100. 33S0368 MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION MAKING USING ANALYTIC
HIERARCHY PROCESS IN THE MAINTENANCE OF
INDUCTION FURNACE
MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
DR. H.N.SURESH
101. 33S1054 IMPROVEMENT IN THE DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF
LOW COST FILAMENT WINDING MACHINE
MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
DR. K. SABEEL AHMED
102. 33S0282 MODIFICATION OF EVACUATED TUBE SOLAR COOKER MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
DR. L. K. SREEPATHI
24. JSS ACADEMY OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION, BANGALORE
SL.
NO.
PROPOSAL
NUMBER
103. 33S0738 KANNADA CHARACTER RECOGNITION COMPUTER SCIENCE
AND ENGINEERING
PROF.KAMALESH V N
25. K.L.E SOCIETY'S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, BELGAUM
104. 33S0870 GYRO-MOUSE FOR THE DISABLED BIOMEDICAL
ENGINEERING
PROF.S.B.KULKARNI
105. 33S0742 ANN MODELLING FOR PREDICTION OF STRENGTH
PARAMETERS
CIVIL ENGINEERING DR.RAJKUMAR V.RAIKAR AND
PROF.V.D.GUNDAKALLE
106. 33S0748 ENHANCING THE STRENGTH PROPERTIES OF
RECYCLED AGGREGATE CONCRETE THROUGH THE
OF SUPPLIMENTARY CEMENTING MATERIALS
CIVIL ENGINEERING PROF.M.MANJUNATH
107. 33S0746 THE USE OF SCIENTIFIC METHODS FOR TREATING
AND DISPOSAL OF MSW'S IN BELGAUM CITY
CIVIL ENGINEERING PROF. R. B. GADAG
108. 33S0740 UTILIZATION OF INDUSTRIAL WASTES IN THE
PRODUCTION OF BLENDED CONCRETE
CIVIL ENGINEERING DR.K.B. PRAKASH
109. 33S0858 MAXIMUM EFFICIENCY POWER GENERATION USING
RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES
ELECTRICAL AND
ELECTRONICS
PROF.SUPANNA S. KUMAR
110. 33S0859 A NOVEL FOR MOUIDING PROCESS IN FOUNDRY
USING CAPACITIVE PROXIMITY SESOR
ELECTRICAL AND
ELECTRONICS
MR.S.M.BANI
111. 33S0860 PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT OF CNC MACHINES ELECTRICAL AND
ELECTRONICS
PROF.SMITHA KAMBLE
112. 33S0428 DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF INTELLIGENT
POWER SAVING AND CLASSROOM MONITORING
SYSTEM FOR EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
PROF. G.P. KADAM
113. 33S0432 AIR POLLUTION DETECTION AND TRAFFIC DENSITY
ANALYZER BY WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY
ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
PROF.ASHWINI DESAI
114. 33S0433 CONVERSION OF EYE LID MOVEMENTS INTO AUDIO
SIGNALS TO CONVEY THE FEELINGS OF A PARTIALLY
PARALYTIC PATIENT
ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
PROF.J.M.RUDAGI
115. 33S0836 NECK MOVEMENT OPERATED WHEEL CHAIR FOR
QUADRIPLEGIA
ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
PROF.HANSRAJ GUHILOT
116. 33S0695 DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF TAMARIND SEED
SEPARATING MACHINE
MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
PROF.S.S.BHOJ
26. KALPATARU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, TIPTUR
117. 33S0085 SUMMING AND PRINTING ELECTRONIC WEIGHING
MACHINE
ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
MR. GURUMURTHY G. D.
118. 33S0086 A NOVEL PITCH PERIOD DETECTION ALGORITHM
BASED ON HILBERT-HUANG TRANSFORM
ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
MR. RUDRESH M. D.
119. 33S0088 ELECTRONIC STICK FOR BLIND ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
MR. PARAMESHACHARI B. D.
120. 33S0094 DIGITAL ENERGY METER TELECOMMUNICATION
ENGINEERING
MS. SINDHU B. M.
33
rd
175
121. 33S0095 WEB SERVER FOR REMOTE ACCESS FOR ON-OFF
WITHIN THE LAN
TELECOMMUNICATION
ENGINEERING
MR. CHANNABASAYYA
MATHAD
27. KLS GOGTE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, BELGAUM
SL.
NO.
PROPOSAL
NUMBER
122. 33S0231 CONCRETE MIX DESIGN BY PACKING DENSITY
METHOD
CIVIL ENGINEERING PROF. G. S. MANJUNATH
123. 33S0684 MASTER SLAVE ROBOTIC ARM USING
MICROCONTROLLERS
ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
PROF .ROOPA R.KULKARNI
124. 33S0260 DESIGN ARCHITECT OF CONTINUOUS MANOGRAM
PUNCHING MACHINE
INDUSTRIAL AND
PRODUCTION
ENGINEERING
PROF. S. SHIVKUMAR
125. 33S0261 LINEAR AND NON-LINEAR MODELLING OF PRESSURE
DIE CASTING PROCESS
INDUSTRIAL AND
PRODUCTION
ENGINEERING
MR. JAYANT K. KITTUR
126. 33S0262 FRICTION WELDING INDUSTRIAL AND
PRODUCTION
ENGINEERING
PROF. R. P. BHAT
127. 33S0266 DESIGN, ANALYSIS, STUDY AND FABRICATION OF
CONCEPT OF MODULAR FIXTURE
INDUSTRIAL AND
PRODUCTION
ENGINEERING
MS. ROOPA K. RAO
128. 33S0233 DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF WIND TUNNEL MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
SANJEEV H. KULKARNI
129. 33S0234 ATV INCORPORATED WITH TRACTOR MECHANISM MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
PROF. VINAYAK V. KULKARNI
130. 33S0235 IDENTIFICATION OF IMPACT FORCES ON CHASSIS OF
VEHICLE DUE TO ROAD IRREGULARITIES
MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
PROF. S. L. GOMBI
131. 33S0239 EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT OF SOLAR COFFEE
MAKER
MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
PROF. G. D. GOKAK
132. 33S0236 IDENTIFICATION OF IMPACT FORCES ON A CUTTING
TOOL DURING ITS MACHINING OPERATIONS USING
INVERSE TECHNIQUES
MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
PROF. S. L. GOMBI
28. KLS VISHWANATHRAO DESHPANDE RURAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, HALIYAL
133. 33S0949 POWER LED STREET LIGHT SYSTEM ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
A.S.JOSHI KULKARNI
29. KNS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, BANGALORE
134. 33S1019 LICENSE PLATE RECOGNITION USING C# COMPUTER SCIENCE
AND ENGINEERING
S.C. LINGAREDDY
30. KVG COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, SULLIA
135. 33S0995 IDENTIFICATION OF DISEASES USING FEATURES OF
LEAVES IN RUBBER AND/OR COFFEE PLANTATION
ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
MRS. BINDU M.N
31. M. S. RAMAIAH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, BANGALORE
136. 33S0321 BIOLOGICAL DENITRIFICATION OF CONTAMINATED
WATER USING IMMOBILIZED PSEUDOMONAS
FLUORESCENS
BIOTECHNOLOGY DR. ARCHANA
137. 33S0481 MICROWAVE ASSISTED EXTRACTION OF
POLYPHENOLS FROM GREEN TEA AND THEIR
ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY
BIOTECHNOLOGY DR.ARCHNA AND
MR.LOKESH K.N
138. 33S0867 SYNTHESIS AND VISIBLE-LIGHT PHOTOCATALYTIC
ACTIVITY OF NOVEL FERRIC OXIDE NANO PARTICLE
CHEMICAL
ENGINEERING
DR.G.M.MADHU
33
rd
176
139. 33S0956 SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND APPLICATION
STUDIES OF ZnO/CeO2 NANO COUPLED CATALYST IN
HEAVY METAL ADSORPTION,REDUCTION OF COD AND
PHOTO CATALYSIS
CHEMICAL
ENGINEERING
DR.G.M MADHU AND
DR.B.M NAGABHUSHANA
140. 33S0904 ELECTRIC FIELD ANALYSIS OF HIGH VOLTAGE
PORCELAIN INSULATORS
ELECTRICAL AND
ELECTRONICS
PROF V KRISHNA
141. 33S0483 SARATHI THE BATTLEBOT ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
C.MANJUNATH
142. 33S0984 KANNADA CHARACTER RECOGNITION -
AMELIORATION FOR HANDWRITTEN TEXTS
ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
K. INDIRA
143. 33S0938 COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF NON CONVENTAIONAL
ENERGY RESOURCES
MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
DR.PUTTABORE GOWDA.B
AND DR.R.CHANDRASHEKAR
32. MALNAD COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, HASSAN
SL.
NO.
PROPOSAL
NUMBER
144. 33S1130 STATUS OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
IN HASSAN TOWN
CIVIL ENGINEERING DR. K. S. JAYANTHA
145. 33S0787 UNICODE BASED PEOPLE SEARCH PORTAL USING
INDIAN LANGUAGES
COMPUTER SCIENCE
AND ENGINEERING
DR.K.C.RAVISHANKAR
146. 33S0114 MULTI-LINGUAL BRAILLE MACHINE INDUSTRIAL AND
PRODUCTION
ENGINEERING
DR. G. N. MOHAN BABU
147. 33S0118 KINETIC ENERGY RECOVERY SYSTEM INDUSTRIAL AND
PRODUCTION
ENGINEERING
MR. PRASANNA KUMAR B. N.
148. 33S0122 AUTOMATIC RATION SYSTEM INDUSTRIAL AND
PRODUCTION
ENGINEERING
MS. KAVYA H. M.
149. 33S0124 PERMANENT MAGNETIC SHOCK ABSORBERS INDUSTRIAL AND
PRODUCTION
ENGINEERING
MR. G. MANJUNATH AND MR.
CHETHAN M. H.
150. 33S0125 SMART WINDOWS INDUSTRIAL AND
PRODUCTION
ENGINEERING
MS. H. R. DEEPIKA AND MR. M.
H. CHETHAN
151. 33S0119 A REAL TIME MODEL OF TWO SHEEL SELF BALANCING
SCOOTER
INDUSTRIAL AND
PRODUCTION
ENGINEERING
MR. PRASANNA KUMAR B. N.
33. MARATHA MANDALS ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BELGAUM
152. 33S0444 E-TICKET ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
PROF. B.B TIGADI
153. 33S0446 ENERGY CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
PROF. B.B TIGADI
154. 33S0469 ROSE DELEAFING MACHINE MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
PROF. R C SHELEPPAGOL
34. MVJ COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BANGALORE
155. 33S0083 PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF
CHITOSAN NANOCOMPOSITES FOR FOOD PACKAGING
APPLICATIONS
CHEMICAL
ENGINEERING
MS. SHASHIKALA M.
156. 33S0084 PVC - POLYANILINE BLENDS AND THE EFFECT OF
PHOTOCHEMICAL IRRADIATION
CHEMICAL
ENGINEERING
MS. NEETHU N.
35. NAGARJUNA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, BANGALORE
157. 33S0422 DEVELOPMENT OF A LOW COST BIODIESEL PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY PROF. N. KAPILAN
33
rd
177
158. 33S0425 STUDY OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF AMARANTHUS
AND ITS APPLICATION I THE DEVELOPMENT OF
DRUGS FOR SOME COMMAN DISEASES
BIOTECHNOLOGY DR. Y. P. NAGARAJA
159. 33S0426 DEVELOPMENT OF PURPLE TOMATO FRUIT FORTIFIED
WITH ANTHOCYANINS BY TRANSGENIC
BIOTECHNOLOGY DR. NAGAMANI.S.KHANDRE
160. 33S1127 IMPACT OF SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL ON STRENGTH
OF SOIL AND WATER QUALITY IN CHIKKABALLAPUR
CITY
ENVIRONMENTAL
ENGINEERING
DR. H. S. NANDA AND MR.
SHIVARAJU R.
161. 33S1076 A NOVEL REFRIGERATOR WITH COLD AND HOT
WATER FACILITY
MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
PROF. N. KAPILAN
36. NITTE MEENAKSHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, YELAHANKA, BANGALORE
SL.
NO.
PROPOSAL
NUMBER
162. 33S0927 OBJECT LOCATING AND SURFACE RECOGNIZING
ROBOTIC ARM
COMPUTER SCIENCE
AND ENGINEERING
MS KAVITHA SOODA
163. 33S1079 JOB DISTRIBUTION AND SCHEDULING FRAMEWORK
FOR CLOUD ENVIRONMENT
INFORMATION
SCIENCE AND
ENGINEERING
MR. SREENIVAS B. AND DR.
SANJAY H. A.
164. 33S1080 EFFICIENT SEARCHING STRATEGY FOR LARGE
DATABASE OF KPTCL USING BITMAP INDEXING
INFORMATION
SCIENCE AND
ENGINEERING
MR. SREENIVAS B. AND DR.
SANJAY H. A.
37. NMAM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, NITTE
165. 33S0379 ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF
THERAPEUTIC INHIBITORS FROM NON-EDIBLE SEEDS
BIOTECHNOLOGY MR. H.S. ANIL KUMAR
166. 33S0381 AN INVESTIGATION INTO BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION
FROM UNCONVENTIONAL SOURCES
BIOTECHNOLOGY DR. C.VAMAN RAO
167. 33S0386 ISOLATION AND ESTIMATION OF LIPID FROM NON-
EDIBLE SEEDS, AVAILABLE IN COASTAL BELT AND
THEIR APPLICATIONS
BIOTECHNOLOGY MR. VINAYAKA.B.SHET
168. 33S0388 REMOVAL OF HEAVY METALS BY SALVINIA MOLESTA
FROM INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENT COUPLED WITH
BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION
BIOTECHNOLOGY DR. UJWAL P
38. P.A. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, MANGALORE
169. 33S0392 BIOHYDROGEN FUEL FROM CELLULOSE RICH
COWDUNG ENRICHED BETEL NUT SHELLS
BIOTECHNOLOGY DR. KRISHNA PRASAD
NOORALABETTU
170. 33S0567 THE GHOST WRITER ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
MR. KEVIN PRATAP CORNELIO
171. 33S0585 AUTOMATIC METER READING ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
MR. THEJASWI V. KUNJOOR
172. 33S0591 IRIS UNMASK ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
PROF. FARRUKH SAYEED
173. 33S0594 EXAMINATION QUESTION PAPER LEAKAGE
PROTECTION MECHANISM
ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
MR. MOHAMMAD SHARIEF
39. PDA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, GULBARGA
174. 33S0615 EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON HIGH VOLUME FLY ASH
CONCRETE BUILDING BLOCKS AND MASONRY
CIVIL ENGINEERING PROF A B HARWALKAR
175. 33S1031 GEOPOLYMER BRICKS CIVIL ENGINEERING DR. SURESH G PATIL
176. 33S1029 PERFORMANCE AND CHARACTERISTIC STUDY OF
SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT AT GULBARGA CITY
CIVIL ENGINEERING PROF. DASHARATH KOLLUR
177. 33S0780 INTELLIGENT ARGICULTURAL SYSTEM WITH WEATHER
MONITORING
INSTRUMENTATION
TECHNOLOGY
PROF.NARENDRA MUSTARE
33
rd
178
40. PES COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, MANDYA
SL.
NO.
PROPOSAL
NUMBER
178. 33S1126 THE STATUS OF BIOMEDICAL WASTE IN MANDYA AND
NAGAMANGALA TOWN
ENVIRONMENTAL
ENGINEERING
MR. J. C. ASHOK KUMAR
41. PES INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, BANGALORE
179. 33S0910 STANDARIZATION OF SANDWICH ELISA FOR
QUANTITATION OF HUMAN LgG
BIOTECHNOLOGY DR .SASMITA SABAT
180. 33S0982 EQUIPMENT FOR BIODIESEL PRODUCTION FROM BIO-
OIL FEEDSTOCKS
BIOTECHNOLOGY KAVITHA S.H., RESHMA S.V
181. 33S0930 PORTABLE ELECTROMECHNICAL DEVICE FOR THE
TREATMENT OF EQUINUS DEFORMITY OF THE ANKLE
TELECOMMUNICATION
ENGINEERING
MR.MILIND A.G
42. PROUDHADEVARAYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, HOSPET, BELLARY
182. 33S0152 DESKTOP E-MAIL ALERT USING POP3 - INTERNET
MAILING MADE EASIER FOR BLINDS
COMPUTER SCIENCE
AND ENGINEERING
MR. VIJAYA KUMAR A. V.
183. 33S0631 WIKIPEDIA COMPUTER SCIENCE
AND ENGINEERING
PROF.MANJULA S.D
184. 33S0632 ENHANCED SECURITY FOR ONLINE EXAMS USING
GROUP CRYPTOGRAPHY
COMPUTER SCIENCE
AND ENGINEERING
PROF.MANJULA S.D
185. 33S0945 LIBRARY MANAGEMENT USING RFID COMPUTER SCIENCE
AND ENGINEERING
MR.RAMESH BYALI
186. 33S0778 DESIGN & IMPLEMENTATION OF IEEE 802.16 MAC
LAYER SIMULATOR
ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
GURUPRASAD H.M
187. 33S0779 A PRIORITY BASED MAC SCHEDULING ALGORITHM
FOR ANHANCING QOS USING BLUE TOOTH PICO NET
ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
GURUPRASAD H.M
188. 33S0646 ELECTRONIC-POST OFFICE BOX INFORMATION
SCIENCE AND ENGG.
MR.YERRISWAMY T
189. 33S0643 SOLAR AMBULANCE AND UTILITIES FOR PHYSICALLY
CHALLENGED PERSONS
INSTRUMENTATION
TECHNOLOGY
PROF SHILPA MEHTA
190. 33S0644 POWER GENERATION BY NON-CONVENTIONAL
METHOD
INSTRUMENTATION
TECHNOLOGY
DR.SAVITA SONOLI
191. 33S0866 MULTIPURPOSE WHEEL CHAIR FOR HIGHLY
PHYSICALLY DISABLED PEOPLE
INSTRUMENTATION
TECHNOLOGY
SMT.SANDHYA DASS
43. R. V. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BANGALORE
192. 33S1084 AGROBACTERIUM TUMIFACIENS MEDIATED GENETIC
TRANSFORMATION OF ARACHIS HYPOGAEA
(GROUNDNUT)
BIOTECHNOLOGY DR. NAGASHREE N. RAO
44. RAO BAHADUR Y. MAHABALESHWARAPPA ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BELLARY
193. 33S0366 MOBILE ENERGY METER ELECTRICAL AND
ELECTRONICS
MR. MALLIKARJUNA . M. B
AND MS. R.SWAPANA
194. 33S0497 REMOTE MONITORING OF EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES
OF VISUALLY IMPAIRED STUDENTS
INSTRUMENTATION
TECHNOLOGY
RAKHEE PATIL
195. 33S0500 INTELLIGENT AND PORTABLE RESPIRATION
MONITORING AND TRANSMITTING SYSTEM
INSTRUMENTATION
TECHNOLOGY
MR. KOTRESH S
196. 33S0501 MICROCONTROLLER BASED PROCESS MONITORING
AND SAFETY WITH VOICE INTERACTION AND CLOSED
LOOP CONTROL SYSTEM
INSTRUMENTATION
TECHNOLOGY
MS. GIRIJA P
197. 33S0505 ANALYZING RS232 PROTOCOL USING USB LOGIC
ANALYZER
INSTRUMENTATION
TECHNOLOGY
MS. GAYATRI J
198. 33S0756 GSM BASED BORDER SECURITY SYSTEM USING
WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS
INSTRUMENTATION
TECHNOLOGY
MS.SIREESHA K
33
rd
179
45. REVA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT, YELAHANKA, BANGALORE
SL.
NO.
PROPOSAL
NUMBER
199. 33S0901 EFFECT OF CVD-GROWN AL2O3 COATINGS IN
IMPROVING THE PERFORMANCE OF CEMENTED
CARBIDE CUTTING TOOLS INSERTS
MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
DR.SUKHANYA DHAR
46. RNS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, CHANNASANDRA, BANGALORE
200. 33S0881 CHAKRAVYUHA - A THREE TIER SURVEILLANCE
DEVICE
COMPUTER SCIENCE
AND ENGINEERING
DR.G.T.RAJU
201. 33S0785 SOLAR POWERED BICYCLE ELECTRICAL AND
ELECTRONICS
MR.SRIDHAR S
202. 33S0842 REAL TIME MULTIPURPOSE PUBLIC INFORMATION
SYSTEM
ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
DR SANDYA S
47. RTE SOCIETY'S RURAL ENGINEERING COLLEGE, HULKOTI, GADAG
203. 33S0745 COMPUTER RECOGNITION FOR HANDWRITTEN
ENGLISH AND KANNADA
COMPUTER SCIENCE
AND ENGINEERING
MR.MAHANTESH SAJJAN
48. RURAL ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BHALKI, BIDAR
204. 33S0554 TSUNAMI SURVEILLIENCE SYSTEM ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
DHANRAJ BIRADAR
49. S.J.P.N. TRUST'S POLYTECHNIC, NIDASOSHI
205. 33S0412 BOMB DETECTING VEHICLE AUTOMOBILE
ENGINEERING
SACHEEN V.KALE
50. SAMBHRAM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, BANGALORE
206. 33S0520 PC CONTROLLED LAND ROVER ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
MR. J. JACOB
207. 33S0526 CHIGURU - AN AUTOMATED MICRO IRRIGATION
SYSTEM
ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
NAGARAJ S
208. 33S0518 LOW COST NOODLE EXTRUSION MACHINE MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
MR. SAHADEVA G N
51. SDM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DHARWAD
209. 33S0789 PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF CEMENT AND SAND BY
FLY ASH AND QUARRY DUST PARTICLE PACKING
THEORY
CIVIL ENGINEERING DR.S.B.VANAKUDRE
210. 33S0503 REMOTE MONITORING AND CONTROLLING OF STREET
LIGHT USING GMS MOBILE
ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
PROF. S.V. VIRAKTAMATH
211. 33S0504 NETWORK COPROCESSOR IMPLEMENTATION ON
FPGA
ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
PROF. KALMESHWAR HOSUR
212. 33S0739 NIYANTRAN ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
PROF.MALA L M
213. 33S0941 GENERATION OF POWER USING DIFFERENT NATURAL
RESOURCES AND ITS APPLICATION USING
MICROCONTROLLER
ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
PROF.MAHENDRA M DIXIT
214. 33S0504 NETWORK COPROCESSOR IMPLEMENTATION ON
FPGA
ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
PROF. KALMESHWAR HOSUR
52. SHIRDI SAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE, ANEKAL, BANGALORE
215. 33S0415 LUMASS (LOCALIZED UNMANNED AERIAL
SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM)
ELECTRICAL AND
ELECTRONICS
MR. S.SUDHEER
216. 33S0416 RF BASED STATION NAME DISPLAY ELECTRICAL AND
ELECTRONICS
D.MANIMEGALAI
33
rd
180
217. 33S0417 GLUCK MASCOTT EN FISICAS (VEHICLE FOR
PHYSICALLY CHALLENGED)
ELECTRICAL AND
ELECTRONICS
PROF.PRADEEP B JYOTI
218. 33S0774 NON-CONVENTIONAL ENERGY POWERED ICE MAKER ELECTRICAL AND
ELECTRONICS
MS.R.GUNASEKARI
219. 33S0784 AUTOMATIC FEEDING AND TEMPERATURE CONTROL
IN POULTRY
ELECTRICAL AND
ELECTRONICS
PROF.PRADEEP B JYOTI
220. 33S0370 BIOGAS EXTRACTION PLANT USING A VARIETY OF
ORGANIC WASTES
MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
K.MAGHALENGAM
53. SHRIDEVI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, TUMKUR
SL.
NO.
PROPOSAL
NUMBER
221. 33S0276 EVALUATION OF ANTIPROLIFERATIVE ACTIVITY OF
PAVONIA ZEYLANICA CAV. ON MAMMARIAN CANCER
CELLS
BIOTECHNOLOGY DR. G. PANDURANGA
MURTHY AND SURABHI
SHRIVASTAVA
222. 33S0278 ISOLATION OF BIOACTIVE PRINCIPLE FROM
NOTHOPODYTES NIMMONIANA, BLUME AND ITS
BIOTECHNOLOGY DR. G. PANDURANGA
MURTHY AND SURABHI
SHRIVASTAVA
223. 33S0357 STUDIES ON MELANIN PRODUCING FUNGI AND THEIR
CHARACTERIZATION
BIOTECHNOLOGY MR. SADANANDA T. S.
224. 33S0358 IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF
ENDOPHYTES FROM TABEBUIA ARGENTEA
BIOTECHNOLOGY MR. SADANANDA T. S.
225. 33S0359 BIODIESEL PRODUCTION CATALYZED BY FUNGUS
CELLS IMMOBILIZED IN FIBROUS SUPPORTS
BIOTECHNOLOGY MS. LINY P.
226. 33S0160 POWER GENERATION BY SEWAGE WATER USING
MICROBES
ELECTRICAL AND
ELECTRONICS
MR. YOGANANDA B. S. AND
DR. GOVINDAPPA M.
227. 33S0346 GSM BASED MOTOR CONTROL FOR IRRIGATION ELECTRICAL AND
ELECTRONICS
MR. S. K. GIRISH
228. 33S0347 AUTOMATION OF SUB-STATION USING GSM BASED
TECHNOLOGY
ELECTRICAL AND
ELECTRONICS
MS. DHRUVA KUMARI C. S.
229. 33S0343 AUTOMATIC CONTROL OF WATER SUPPLY AND
STREET LIGHTING CONTROL USING PLC
ELECTRICAL AND
ELECTRONICS
PROF. P. M.
CHANDRASHEKHARAIAH
230. 33S0334 DETECTION OF NON TAX PAID AUTOMOBILES USING
RF TECHNOLOGY
ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
MR. H. R. VARADARAJU
231. 33S0336 NAVIGATIONAL AID FOR BLIND USING GPS ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
MR. AIJAJ AHAMED SHAIEF
232. 33S0887 A ROBOTIC BASED GREENHOUSE PARAMETER
MONITORING AND CONTROL SYSTEM USING ZIGBEE
ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
MR.SANJAY C.P
233. 33S0360 DESIGN OF STRETCHER WHICH AUTOMATICALLY
ADJUST TO HORIZONTAL POSITION OF TOP WHILE
MOVING ALONG STEPS OR ELEVATION
MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
MR. K. P. CHANDRAIAH
234. 33S0361 DESIGN OF BICYCLE CARRIAGE FOR NEWS PAPER
DISTRIBUTORS
MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
MR. B. H. VASUDEV MURTHY
54. SIDDAGANGA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, TUMKUR
235. 33S1082 STATUS OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
IN TUMKUR DISTRICT
CHEMICAL
ENGINEERING
DR. P. NIRGUNA BABU
236. 33S0905 ASSESSING THE STATUS OF ANCIENT KALYANIS FOR
REJUVENATION IN TUMKUR DISTRICT USING
GEOSPATIAL TECHNOLOGIES
CIVIL ENGINEERING MR. MUTTANNA S.
BALREDDY, DR.S.G.S. SWAMY
AND VIJAY.U.T
237. 33S0986 SECURE DATA AGGREGATION IN WIREKESS SENSOR
NETWORK
COMPUTER SCIENCE
AND ENGINEERING
A.S. POORNIMA
33
rd
181
238. 33S0921 REAL TIME AUTOMATIC LICENSE PLATE
SEGMENTATION AND RECOGNITION SYSTEM
ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
DR.R SRIKANTASWAMY
239. 33S0907 LABVIEW BASED AUTOMATED SHOOTING EQUIPMENT INSTRUMENTATION
TECHNOLOGY
SMT.H M KALPANA
240. 33S0274 PEDAL OPERATED POWER GENERATOR MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
DR. U. S. MALLIKARJUN
241. 33S0378 AUTOMATIC FERROUS POWDER SEPARATOR MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
MR.MADHU M.C
242. 33S0720 AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION FOR TWO WHEELERS MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
MR.MADHU H.C
243. 33S0716 AUTOMATED RATIONS SHOP BASED ON THUMP
IMPRESSION
TELECOMMUNICATION
ENGINEERING
MRS.C.PRABHAVATHI
244. 33S0717 WIRELESS SENSED PRECISION AUTONOMOUS ROBOT
FOR REAL TIME APPLICATION IN SMT PLANT
TELECOMMUNICATION
ENGINEERING
MRS.T.N.CHANDRIKA
55. SJM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, CHITRADURGA
SL.
NO.
PROPOSAL
NUMBER
245. 33S1122 GSM BASED REAL TIME CURRENT AND VOLTAGE
MONITORING SYSTEM
ELECTRICAL AND
ELECTRONICS
ABHILASH KRISHNAN T. K.
246. 33S1081 SMART LIBRARY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM USING RF ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
PROF. G. S. RAJANNA
247. 33S1123 AUTOMATION OF RAILWAY SAFETY USING EMBEDDED
CONTROLLER
ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
PROF. G. S. RAJANNA
248. 33S1093 DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF HAND OPERATED
SPRING COILER MACHINE
MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
MR. BASAVA T.
249. 33S1094 SOLAR OPERATED CUTTING MACHINE WITH SAFETY
DEVICE
MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
MR. A. M. RAJESH
250. 33S1095 VERTICAL AXIS WIND TURBINE MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
PROF. K. K. GURURAJA
56. SMT KAMALA AND SRI VENKATAPPA M. AGADI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY,
LAXMESHWAR
251. 33S0308 VIRTUAL CLASS ROOM COMPUTER SCIENCE
AND ENGINEERING
PROF. NAGARAJ TELKAR
252. 33S0315 TEXT EXTRACTION FROM NATURAL SCENE IMAGES INFORMATION
SCIENCE AND
ENGINEERING
PROF. RAVIKUMAR K.
253. 33S0318 AUTOMATIC EXUDATES DETECTION FROM NON-
DILATED DIABETIC RETINOPATHY RETINAL IMAGES
USING FUZZY C-MEANS CLUSTERING
INFORMATION
SCIENCE AND
ENGINEERING
PROF. RAVIKUMAR K.
57. SRI B.V.V. SANGHA'S BASAVESHWARA ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BAGALKOT
254. 33S0672 ISOLATION AND CULTIVATION OF MICROALGAE IN
VARIOUS BIOREACTORS FOR THE BIOFUEL
PRODUCTION
BIOTECHNOLOGY DR.BHARATHI S METI AND
PROF VIRUPAKSHAIAH D B.M
255. 33S0673 POMOLOGY AND MOLECULAR DIVERSITY STUDY OF
POMEGRANATE IN BAGALKOT DISTRICT
BIOTECHNOLOGY DR.BHARATHI S .METHI
256. 33S0674 GROUND WATER ANALYSIS BASED ON GIS CIVIL ENGINEERING DR.VEENA SARAGANVI
257. 33S0666 GIS BASED RAINFALL AND RECHARGE STUDIES AND
TIME SERIES ANALYSIS OF RAINFALL
CIVIL ENGINEERING DR.VEENA SARAGANVI
258. 33S0288 TAMARIND SEED SEPERATOR MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
PROF. V. V. KUPPAST
33
rd
182
259. 33S0667 MICROCONTROLLER BASED ELECTRONIC MILEAGE
TESTER
MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
DR.S N KURBET
260. 33S0668 ANTI TOPPLE MECHANISM FOR TWO WHEELERS MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
DR.S N KURBET
58. SRI JAYACHAMARAJENDRA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, MYSORE
SL.
NO.
PROPOSAL
NUMBER
261. 33S0776 STABILISATION OF COAL ASHES FOR USE IN VARIOUS
GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS
CIVIL ENGINEERING DR.K.PRAKASH
262. 33S0900 STUDIES ON FREE SWELL BEHAVIOUR OF MIXTURES
OF CLAY MINERALS UNDER VARYING PORE MEDIUM
CHEMISTRY
CIVIL ENGINEERING DR.K.PRAKASH
263. 33S1134 MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT AND
REPORTING SYSTEM USING NOKIA 810 INTERNET
TABLET (FOR NANJANGUD, MADIKERI AND
CHAMARAJNAGAR)
INFORMATION
SCIENCE AND
ENGINEERING
PROF. S. K. PADMA
264. 33S0701 DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF DEGRADABLE
LDPE BASED PACKAGING MATERIALS HAVING
MULTIFUNCTION PROPERTIESFOR FOOD CONTACT
APPLICATIONS
POLYMER SCIENCE
AND TECHNOLOGY
DR.SIDDARAMIAH
265. 33S1128 JATROPHA OIL CAKE INCORPORATED RUBBER GREEN
COMPOSITES
POLYMER SCIENCE
AND TECHNOLOGY
DR. SIDDARAMAIAH
59. SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, TUMKUR
266. 33S0838 EVALUTION OF PROPERTIES OF BITUMINOUS
CONCRETE ON ADDITION OF DIFFERENT FIBRES FOR
DIFFERENT GRADE OF BITUMENT
CIVIL ENGINEERING MR. B H MANJUNATH
267. 33S0681 DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF FOLDABLE HELMET MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
DR.C.R RAJASHEKAR
268. 33S0967 DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF 2 IN 1 GAS STOVE MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
GIRISHA C
60. SRINIVAS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, MANGALORE
269. 33S0688 I-NETWORKING COMPUTER SCIENCE
AND ENGINEERING
PROF.SHIVAKUMAR G.S
270. 33S0689 ABDUSTER -A COMMUNITY BASED ADBLOCKER COMPUTER SCIENCE
AND ENGINEERING
MS.SUPRIYA T.S
271. 33S0661 LPG WARDEN ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
SHIVAJI K ADHIKARI AND
MS.PRATHIBA
272. 33S0665 ZIGBEE BASED WIRELESS WEATHER MONITOR ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
SANDEEP BHAT AND DIJITH P
273. 33S0656 I-TOYZ TALK TO ME.. SPEECH RECOGNITION USING
RSC-4128 DEMO / EVAL TOOL KIT
INFORMATION
SCIENCE AND
ENGINEERING
MR.GOVINDA PRASAD NV
274. 33S0658 ONLINE NATIONAL POLLING INFORMATION
SCIENCE AND
ENGINEERING
PROF.SHIVAKUMAR G.S
275. 33S0961 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
MR.MOHAMMED GOWSPEER
61. STJ INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, RANEBENNUR
276. 33S0648 ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY BASED CORPORATION
WATER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT
ELECTRICAL AND
ELECTRONICS
MR.MARULASIDAPPA H B
277. 33S0499 EFFECT OF MOBILE PHONE ON HUMAN BRAIN USING
EEG SIGNAL
ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
PROF. B MAHESWARAPPA
33
rd
183
278. 33S0744 DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF COIR PITH
PREQUETTING MACHINE
MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
PROF.U.M.DAIVAGNA
62. THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING, MYSORE
SL.
NO.
PROPOSAL
NUMBER
279. 33S1008 A STUDY ON FEASIBILITY OF DIVERSION OF
NETHRAVATHI WATER BY PROVIDING GARLAND
CANALS
CIVIL ENGINEERING DR. R. YADUPATI PUTTY
280. 33S0762 SHORTEST PATH FINDER USING DISTANCE VECTOR
ALGORITHM IN ADHOC NETWORKS
INFORMATION
SCIENCE AND
ENGINEERING
K.RAGHUVEER
63. THE OXFORD COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BANGALORE
281. 33S0917 STUDIES ON WOUND HEALING POTENCY OF
CAPPARIS DECIDUA,CAPPARIS SPINOSA AND
CAPPARIS ZEYLANICA
BIOTECHNOLOGY DR.B.K.MANJUNATHA AND
DR.KUSUM PAUL
282. 33S0919 ANTI PATHEOGENIC ACTIVITY OF NATURAL
PRODUCTS FROM PLANT AGAINST MRSA
BIOTECHNOLOGY DR.B.K.MANJUNATHA AND
DR.KUSUM PAUL
64. TONTADARYA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, GADAG
283. 33S0067 STOCK TELLER ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
MS. YASMEEN GADAD
284. 33S0070 SMART NOTICE BOARD ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
MS. VINAYA S. ISARANNAVAR
285. 33S0079 CONTROLLING GREEN HOUSE ENVIRONMENT
PARAMETERS AND WIRELESS INDICATION
ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
MS. SHAILAJA S. M.
65. UNIVERSITY B.D.T COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, DAVANGERE
286. 33S0895 GSM BASED TRANSFORMER MONITORING AND
PROTECTION SYSTEM
ELECTRONICS AND
INSTRUMENTATION
ENGINEERING
SRI T.D.VISHNUMURTHY
66. VIDYA VARDHAKA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, MYSORE
287. 33S0367 TREATEMENT OF ORGANIC CONSTITUENTS AND
NUTRIENTS OF DOMESTIC AND DAIRY EFFLUENT
USING SBBR TECHNIQUE
ENVIRONMENTAL
ENGINEERING
ROOPA PRIYA. J.K.
288. 33S1092 RECOVERY OF COPPER FROM ELECTROPLATING
SLUDGE USING CONCENTRATION METHOD
ENVIRONMENTAL
ENGINEERING
DR. H. S. DAYANANDA
67. VIVEKANANDA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, PUTTUR, D. K.
289. 33S0328 QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE EVALUATION STUDY
ON LEACHATE GENERATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL
EFFECTS AT MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL
SITE, PUTTUR TOWN, D. K.
CIVIL ENGINEERING DR. B. T. SURESH BABU
290. 33S0330 REMOVAL OF OIL AND GREASE FROM INDUSTRIAL
WASTEWATER BY ADSORPTION METHOD
CIVIL ENGINEERING MR. H. AJITH HEBBAR
291. 33S0327 MOTORIZED ARECANUT TREE CLIMBER MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
MR. H. SHYAM PRASAD

* ~ * ~ *

33
rd
184
Details of Student Project Programme - Seminar and Exhibition (S/E) held till date
College and Place Year No. of
Projects
Sanctioned
No.
of
S/E Projects
1. Karnataka State Council for Science and Technology, Bangalore 1977-1978 54 30
2. Malnad College of Engineering, Hassan 1978-1979 106 37
3. Sri Jayachamarajendra College of Engineering &
National Institute of Engineering, Mysore
1979-1980 109 42
4. Karnataka Regional Engineering College, Surathkal 1980-1981 162 40
5. HKES Pujya Doddappa Appa College of Engineering, Gulbarga 1981-1982 98 32
6. BVB College of Engineering, Hubli 1982-1983 115 35
7. Bapuji Institute of Engg., & Tech., Davanagere 1983-1984 129 28
8. KLES College of Engg., & Technology, Belgaum 1984-1985 132 38
9. PES College of Engineering, Mandya 1985-1986 109 56
10. Rastriya Vidyalaya College of Engineering, Bangalore 1986-1987 142 52
11. Siddaganga Institute of Technology, Tumkur 1987-1988 147 36
12. Sri Jayachamarajendra College of Engineering, Mysore 1988-1989 109 33
13. Jawaharlal Nehru National College of Engineering, Shimoga 1989-1990 112 38
14. Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College of Engineering, Dharwad 1990-1991 130 46
15. KLES College of Engineering & Technology, Belgaum 1991-1992 189 54
16. Kalpatharu Institute of Technology, Tiptur 1992-1993 143 72
17. Ghousia College of Engineering, Ramnagaram 1993-1994 193 80
18. Sri Siddartha Institute of Technology, Tumkur 1994-1995 147 63
19. National Institute of Engineering, Mysore 1995-1996 209 79
20. Sir M. Visvesvaraya Institute of Technology, Bangalore 1996-1997 193 70
21. Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal 1997-1998 253 125
22. B.M. Srinivasaiah College of Engineering, Bangalore 1998-1999 223 87
23. Kurunje Venkataramana Gowda College of Engineering, Sullia 1999-2000 201 104
24. HKES SLN College of Engineering, Raichur 2000-2001 194 112
25. Siddaganga Institute of Technology, Tumkur 2001-2002 145 82
26. Vijayanagar Engineering College, Bellary 2002-2003 144 69
27. Gogte Institute of Technology, Belgaum 2003-2004 205 126
28. Basaveshwar College of Engineering, Bagalkot 2004-2005 231 121
29. Poojya Doddappa Appa College of Engineering, Gulbarga 2005-2006 275 132
30. KLE Society's College of Engineering and Technology, Belgaum 2006-2007 281 147
31. Adichunchanagiri Institute of Technology, Chikmagalur 2007-2008 289 150
32. National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore 2008-2009 256 146
33. Shridevi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Tumkur 2009-2010 291 152
34. PES Institute of Technology and Management, Shivamogga 2010-2011 300 166
Total Projects 6016 2680
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THE PATENT SYSTEM OF INDIA

Sri S. T. Madhusudan
Senior Associate, K&S Partners
Intellectual Property Attorneys, Bangalore

Intellectual Property Rights:
Intellectual Property Rights are statutory rights once granted allows the creator(s) or owner(s) of
the intellectual property to exclude others from exploiting the same commercially for a given
period of time. It allows the creator(s)/owner(s) to have the benefits from their work when these
are exploited commercially. IPR are granted to an inventor or creator, designer in lieu of the
discloser of his/her knowledge.
Governing Laws in India for IPR as follows:
1. Patents Act 1970
2. Trade Marks Act (1958 original) 1999
3. The Copyright Act 1957
4. The design Act 2000
5. Geographical Indication of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act 1999
6. Plant Variety and Farmers Right Protection Act 2001
What is an invention/innovation?
An invention means: a new product or process involving an inventive step and capable of
industrial application.
An Innovation means: The successful exploitation of new ideas in the form of a useful
machinery or process, by any person, using own intellect is called as innovation. Every innovation
may not be patentable invention but every invention is an innovation.
All the inventions are the innovations and are patentable, but all the innovations are not the
patentable inventions.
The Patent System
A patent is a contract between the inventor or applicant for the patent and the State, whereby
the inventor or applicant gets a monopoly from the State for a certain period in return for
disclosing full details of the invention. The patent system thus ensures that information on new
inventions is made available for eventual public use so as to encourage technical and economic
development and discourage secrecy.
If an inventor or company has an invention, which they consider to be novel and inventive, they
may apply for a patent. This may be granted only after a detailed examination by a patent office.
Once the patent is granted the inventor or applicant has the sole right to make, use or sell the
invention for a limited period. This period is usually twenty years.
There can also be confusion about what exactly can be protected by the patent system. Patents
can only be applied to inventions. These usually have an industrial dimension. An invention is
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normally a new product, which involves a new principle of operation or an improvement to an old
principle. Alternatively it may refer to a new or improved industrial process. Things, which do not
involve manufacture, are not usually considered to be inventions. For example, a new scientific
theory or a new surgical procedure would not be considered to be patentable for this reason.
Novelty and Inventiveness
In order to be suitable for patenting, an invention must be novel and inventive. An invention is
considered to be novel if it has not been disclosed to the public at the time that the patent
application was made. As long as the date of the patent application precedes any disclosure of
details of the invention to the public, the invention can be validly patented. If however, details of
the invention have been disclosed to the public before applying for a patent, then the invention is
no longer considered to be novel in a patenting sense and it will not be possible to protect it
validly through the patent system.
It is important to be aware of the danger of premature disclosure of details of an invention. Even
after a patent application has been filed, details of the invention should only be disclosed as part
of a planned programme of commercial exploitation.
Another requirement for a valid patent is inventiveness. This means that the invention must
contain an inventive step. This can be the most difficult thing to show. A patent examiner may
decide that the invention is obvious i.e. that somebody knowledgeable in the subject area, when
familiarised with all earlier patents or other technology in the area, would have immediately been
led to the same conclusion.
Term of patent:
The term of patent is for twenty years (20), provided the maintenance fee is paid at the end of
every year.
Why one should go for a patent?
To enjoy the exclusive rights over the invention. If the inventor does not get the patent rights
over his invention and introduce his product/process based on his invention in the market,
anybody can copy his invention and exploits it commercially. To debar others from using, selling
or working out his invention, the inventor must go for getting a patent.

* ~ * ~ *

33 Series SPP Projects Compendium

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