Ecology and Evolution

Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____ 1. Estimates of the number of species existing on the earth range from
a. 3 to 100.
b. 3 to 100 thousand.
c. 3 to 100 million.
d. 3 to 100 billion.
____ 2. The following choices list levels of organization of matter that claim the attention of ecologists. hich
correctl! lists these levels in se"uence from narrower to broader focus#
a. organisms$populations$communities$ecos!stems$ecosphere
b. organisms$communities$populations$ecos!stems$ecosphere
c. organisms$populations$communities$ecosphere$ecos!stems
d. ecosphere$ecos!stems$communities$populations$organisms
____ 3. %ll of the following are characteristic of life forms except
a. highl! diffuse internal structure and organization.
b. the abilit! to capture and transform matter and energ! from the environment.
c. the abilit! to reproduce.
d. the abilit! to adapt to external change b! mutations.
____ &. 'ou are a microbiologist. 'ou observe a cell divide into two identical cells. 'ou are most li(el! watching
a. asexual reproduction.
b. photos!nthesis.
c. aerobic respiration.
d. sexual reproduction.
____ ). The thin* gaseous la!er of air around the planet is called the
a. atmosphere.
b. lithosphere.
c. stratosphere.
d. h!drosphere.
____ +. The lithosphere is made of
a. core and lower mantle.
b. core and upper mantle.
c. crust and lower mantle.
d. crust and upper mantle.
____ ,. -hildren fl! (ites in the
a. stratosphere.
b. lithosphere.
c. troposphere.
d. h!drosphere.
____ .. /ife of individual organisms is maintained b!
a. c!cling of energ! and flow of matter.
b. flow of energ! and c!cling of matter.
c. c!cling of energ! and matter.
d. flow of energ! and matter.
____ 0. Energ!
a. rec!cles through the ecos!stem.
b. flows in onl! one direction.
c. is used over and over again.
d. tends to be concentrated b! living organisms.
____ 10. hen incoming solar radiation is converted to heat* it is least li(el! to be trapped in the atmosphere b!
a. water vapor.
b. carbon dioxide.
c. methane.
d. nitrogen gas.
____ 11. /arge ecological regions with characteristic t!pes of natural vegetation are called
a. ecos!stems.
b. communities.
c. populations.
d. biomes.
____ 12. % transitional zone between two ecos!stems is called
a. a fragile ecos!stem.
b. a biome.
c. an ecotone.
d. a buffer zone.
____ 13. %ll of the following are abiotic factors except
a. light.
b. temperature.
c. p1.
d. bacteria.
____ 1&. hich of the following statements is false?
a. The existence* abundance* and distribution of a species in an ecos!stem are determined b!
whether the levels of one or more ph!sical or chemical factors fall within the range
tolerated b! a species.
b. 2rganisms can adapt to slowl! changing new conditions b! acclimation.
c. Too much or too little of an! abiotic factor can limit or prevent growth of a population of a
species in an ecos!stem even if all other factors are at or near the optimum range of
tolerance.
d. There is no such thing as too much fertilizer.
____ 1). %ll of the following factors have strong effects on terrestrial ecos!stems except
a. temperature.
b. precipitation.
c. nature of the soil.
d. dissolved ox!gen.
____ 1+. %ll of the following are ma3or causes of differences among a"uatic ecos!stems except
a. temperature.
b. precipitation.
c. salinit!.
d. depth of sunlight penetration.
____ 1,. The most inclusive components of the biotic portion of an ecos!stem are
a. producers and consumers.
b. primar! and secondar! consumers.
c. herbivores* carnivores* and omnivores.
d. all nonliving chemicals or matter.
____ 1.. %utotrophs
a. might eat heterotrophs.
b. are (nown as decomposers.
c. cannot do photos!nthesis.
d. can live without heterotrophs.
____ 10. 4hotos!nthesis
a. converts glucose into energ! and water.
b. re"uires the combustion of carbon.
c. produces carbon dioxide and ox!gen gas.
d. !ields glucose and ox!gen gas as products.
____ 20. 'ou are a scientist intrigued b! organisms that can create complex molecules through chemos!nthesis. The
habitat !ou are most li(el! to visit is
a. an island paradise.
b. an inland sand dune.
c. a h!drothermal vent.
d. a prairie.
____ 21. 2rganisms that feed on dead organisms are called
a. producers.
b. carnivores.
c. autotrophs.
d. scavengers.
____ 22. 5ultures* h!enas* and flies are all examples of
a. detritivores.
b. herbivores.
c. autotrophs.
d. scavengers.
____ 23. 6n the field* !ou observe a lion chase* (ill* and eat a gazelle. % vulture pec(s awa! at the left over meat scraps.
7eetles attac( the remaining fragments. 8inall!* bacteria complete the brea(down and rec!cling of organic
material. 6f !ou were to appl! a general classification to the feeders* what would be the correct se"uence#
a. decomposerscavengerdetritus feedercarnivore
b. carnivoredetritus feederscavengerdecomposer
c. carnivorescavengerdetritus feederdecomposer
d. carnivorescavengerdecomposerdetritus feeder
____ 2&. 2rganisms that complete the final brea(down and rec!cling of organic materials from the remains or wastes
of all organisms are called
a. detritivores.
b. carnivores.
c. decomposers.
d. scavengers.
____ 2). The process which results in alcoholic beverages is
a. aerobic respiration.
b. anaerobic respiration.
c. photos!nthesis.
d. chemos!nthesis.
____ 2+. %n ecos!stem can survive without
a. producers.
b. consumers.
c. decomposers.
d. autotrophs.
____ 2,. hich of the following would be considered a tertiar! consumer#
a. ph!toplan(ton
b. zooplan(ton
c. ospre!
d. 3ell!fish
____ 2.. The p!ramid which best explains wh! there are t!picall! onl! four to five lin(s in a food chain is the p!ramid
of
a. energ!.
b. biomass.
c. numbers.
d. matter.
____ 20. hich of the following statements is false?
a. 7iomass is the organic matter s!nthesized b! producers.
b. Energ! p!ramids show wh! a larger human population can be supported if people eat
grains rather than animals.
c. The earth9s total gross primar! productivit! is the upper limit determining the planets
carr!ing capacit! for all species.
d. %n anal!sis of an abandoned field !ields a p!ramid of biomass.
____ 30. hich of the following ecos!stems has the highest average net primar! productivit!#
a. agricultural land
b. open ocean
c. temperate forest
d. swamps and marshes
____ 31. %ll of the following are general t!pes of nutrient c!cles except
a. the h!drologic c!cle.
b. the sedimentar! c!cle.
c. the carboh!drate c!cle.
d. the atmospheric c!cle.
____ 32. The phosphorous c!cle is an example of a:n;
a. h!drologic c!cle.
b. sedimentar! c!cle.
c. carboh!drate c!cle.
d. atmospheric c!cle.
____ 33. The c!cle most responsible for lin(ing the other biogeochemical c!cles is the
a. carbon c!cle.
b. nitrogen c!cle.
c. phosphorous c!cle.
d. h!drologic c!cle.
____ 3&. The h!drologic c!cle is driven primaril! b!
a. solar energ! and gravit!.
b. solar energ! and the moon.
c. solar energ! and mechanical energ!.
d. mechanical and chemical energ!.
____ 3). The amount of water vapor found in a certain mass of air is the
a. relative humidit!.
b. absolute humidit!.
c. average humidit!.
d. air pressure.
____ 3+. ater molecules _____ each other.
a. attract
b. repel
c. have no effect on
d. dissolve
____ 3,. 1umans are most li(el! to alter the Earth9s thermostat through their impact on the compound
a. carbon dioxide.
b. nitrogen gas.
c. phosphate.
d. h!drogen sulfide.
____ 3.. hich element could be called the <currenc! for energ! exchange in living s!stems#<
a. nitrogen
b. ox!gen
c. carbon
d. sulfur
____ 30. The two wa!s in which humans have most interfered with the carbon c!cle are
a. removal of forests and aerobic respiration.
b. aerobic respiration and burning fossil fuels.
c. respiration and photos!nthesis.
d. burning fossil fuels and removal of forests and brush.
____ &0. The nitrogen c!cle is considered to be a
a. gaseous c!cle.
b. sedimentar! c!cle.
c. h!drologic c!cle.
d. double c!cle.
____ &1. The most common gas in the atmosphere is
a. nitrogen.
b. carbon dioxide.
c. ox!gen.
d. h!drogen.
____ &2. hen organisms die* their nitrogenous organic compounds are converted to simpler inorganic compounds
such as ammonia through the process of
a. nitrification.
b. nitrogen fixation.
c. denitrification.
d. ammonification.
____ &3. =itrate is converted to nitrogen gas through the process of
a. nitrification.
b. nitrogen fixation.
c. denitrification.
d. assimilation.
____ &&. hen nitrogen is added to a"uatic s!stems* it is least li(el! to result in
a. depletion of ox!gen in the water.
b. stimulated algae growth.
c. immediate decrease in gross primar! productivit!.
d. fish (ills.
____ &). hich of the following is not one of the common phosphorous reservoirs in the ecos!stem#
a. soil
b. organisms
c. atmosphere
d. roc(s
____ &+. To which of the following c!cles is guano an important component#
a. phosphorous
b. carbon
c. h!drologic
d. sulfur
____ &,. 2rganic sulfur$containing compounds include
a. sulfates.
b. carboh!drates and proteins.
c. fats and vitamins.
d. proteins and vitamins.
____ &.. Earth9s chemical c!cles connect life of the present to life of the
a. present.
b. past.
c. future.
d. present* past* and future.
____ &0. 2ne member of a s!stem anal!sis team is a math whiz who loves to construct mathematical models
describing interactions of different variables. 6f !ou were a s!stem manager* to which stage of the s!stem
anal!sis would !ou assign this person#
a. s!stem measurement
b. data anal!sis
c. s!stem optimization
d. s!stem modeling
____ )0. Ecos!stem services include
a. provision of energ! and food sources.
b. detoxification of pollutants.
c. population control of pests.
d. all of these answers.
____ )1. Evidence for the evolution of life comes from all of the following except
a. chemical experiments.
b. fossils.
c. chemical anal!sis of ancient roc(s and core samples.
d. the 7ible.
____ )2. hich of the following best describe biologists9 current h!pothesis about the production of the earth9s
atmospheric ox!gen#
a. 4hotos!nthesis b! terrestrial plants produced atmospheric ox!gen.
b. The brea(down of iron ore deposits produced atmospheric ox!gen.
c. 4hotos!nthesis b! c!anobacteria produced atmospheric ox!gen.
d. -hemos!nthesis b! terrestrial plants produced atmospheric ox!gen.
____ )3. The gas that is least li(el! to have formed Earth9s primitive atmosphere is
a. methane.
b. ammonia.
c. ox!gen.
d. water vapor.
____ )&. The source of energ! that probabl! contributed least to the s!nthesis of biological chemicals on primitive
Earth is
a. ultraviolet light.
b. h!dropower.
c. radioactivit!.
d. lightning.
____ )). The most li(el! se"uence for the biological evolution of life is
a. aerobic pro(ar!otes$photos!nthetic pro(ar!otes$anaerobic pro(ar!otes$eu(ar!otes$
multicellular organisms.
b. photos!nthetic pro(ar!otes$anaerobic pro(ar!otes$aerobic pro(ar!otes$eu(ar!otes$
multicellular organisms.
c. anaerobic pro(ar!otes$photos!nthetic pro(ar!otes$aerobic pro(ar!otes$eu(ar!otes$
multicellular organisms.
d. eu(ar!otes$anaerobic pro(ar!otes$photos!nthetic pro(ar!otes$aerobic pro(ar!otes$
multicellular organisms.
____ )+. The ox!gen revolution was most li(el! brought about b!
a. lightning creating ozone.
b. ultraviolet light brea(ing down ozone.
c. chemos!nthetic bacteria.
d. c!anobacteria.
____ ),. The distance of the Earth from the sun
a. ensures that our climate will be too hot for evolution to continue.
b. ensures that our climate will be too cold for evolution to continue.
c. ensures that the Earth will overheat of its own accord long before global warming from
human causes could happen.
d. has created a temperature 3ust right for the evolution of life that is dependent upon water.
____ ).. The size of the Earth
a. (eeps the iron$nic(el core solid.
b. prevents transfer of geothermal energ! to the surface of the planet.
c. has enough mass to gravitationall! attract the atmosphere.
d. (eeps it in orbit at a constant distance from the sun.
____ )0. The fossil record is incomplete because
a. not all fossils have been found.
b. some fossils have decomposed.
c. some life forms left no fossils.
d. all of these answers.
____ +0. 'ou are a fossil hunter. hich of the following are !ou least li(el! to find in a fossil#
a. bone
b. leaves
c. teeth
d. muscle
____ +1. % change in the genetic composition of a population over successive generations is called
a. emigration.
b. mutation.
c. natural selection.
d. evolution.
____ +2. The term that describes small genetic changes that a population within a species experiences is
a. coevolution.
b. microevolution.
c. convergent evolution.
d. macroevolution.
____ +3. The term used to describe the long$term* large$scale evolutionar! changes among groups of species is
a. coevolution.
b. microevolution.
c. convergent evolution.
d. macroevolution.
____ +&. % gene pool is
a. the collection of genes being used in the human genome pro3ect.
b. the genetic composition of an organism.
c. the genetic composition of a population.
d. the genetic composition of a communit!.
____ +). >utations can be caused b!
a. ultraviolet light.
b. ? ra!s.
c. certain chemicals.
d. all of these answers.
____ ++. The change from a light to a dar( color in the peppered moth was the result of
a. insecticides.
b. industrial pollution.
c. a change in predators.
d. an increase in ultraviolet radiation.
____ +,. The changes in coloration within the population of peppered moths is an example of
a. coevolution.
b. microevolution.
c. convergent evolution.
d. macroevolution.
____ +.. >utations are
a. alwa!s occurring in patterns.
b. ver! common events.
c. a source of new genetic material.
d. alwa!s harmful.
____ +0. 'ou are an evolutionar! biologist stud!ing a population of bats in the rainforest of 7razil. >ost of the
population possesses moderate length wings* although some individuals have long wings and some
individuals have short wings. 2ver the course of time* !ou notice that the fre"uenc! of moderate$length wings
increases. 'ou conclude that the most li(el! cause of this development is
a. stabilizing natural selection.
b. directional natural selection.
c. diversif!ing natural selection.
d. coevolution.
____ ,0. %s !ou stud! a population of fruit flies* !ou notice that pin( e!e color is the most common* although white
e!es and red e!es are also present. 2ver the course of time and man! generations* !ou notice that the
proportion of individuals with pin( e!es steadil! increases. 'ou conclude that this population is undergoing
a. continuous natural selection.
b. disruptive natural selection.
c. directional natural selection.
d. stabilizing natural selection.
____ ,1. 6n a population of cats* !ou notice there is considerable variation of length of fur. 2ver the course of time* !ou
observe that there are man! cats that exhibit ver! long fur and man! with ver! short fur. 1owever* there are
few cats that exhibit an intermediate length of fur. 'ou conclude that this population is undergoing
a. continuous natural selection.
b. discontinuous natural selection.
c. disruptive natural selection.
d. directional natural selection.
____ ,2. 'ou stud! fossils of giraffes. %lthough there appears to be considerable variabilit! in lengths of nec(s* there
appears to be a definite shift to longer nec(s over the course of time. 'ou conclude that this species is
undergoing
a. continuous natural selection.
b. discontinuous natural selection.
c. disruptive natural selection.
d. directional natural selection.
____ ,3. hen natural selection results in a shift toward one end of a normal range of traits* an evolutionar! biologist
would credit
a. continuous natural selection.
b. discontinuous natural selection.
c. disruptive natural selection.
d. directional natural selection.
____ ,&. hen natural selection results in a shift toward the average of a range of genetic expressions for a particular
trait* an evolutionar! biologist would credit
a. stabilizing natural selection.
b. discontinuous natural selection.
c. disruptive natural selection.
d. directional natural selection.
____ ,). hen natural selection shifts allelic fre"uencies toward the extremes of a range of genetic expressions for a
particular trait* an evolutionar! biologist would credit
a. continuous natural selection.
b. discontinuous natural selection.
c. disruptive natural selection.
d. directional natural selection.
____ ,+. -oevolution can involve the interaction of
a. plants and herbivores.
b. pollinators and flowers.
c. parasites and hosts.
d. all of these answers.
____ ,,. hich of the following is false? -oevolution
a. occurs when interacting species exert selective pressures on each other.
b. occurs between plants and the herbivores that eat them.
c. ma! pla! a role in the evolution of camouflage.
d. leads to competitive relationships.
____ ,.. 2ver the course of time* the change in the gene pool of one species ma! lead to the change of the gene pool of
another species. This process is called
a. coevolution.
b. microevolution.
c. convergent evolution.
d. macroevolution.
____ ,0. %n organism9s niche is analogous to its
a. address.
b. wa! of life.
c. food source.
d. trash dump.
____ .0. %n ecological niche includes all of the following except
a. the nutrient relationships with other species.
b. the location where a species lives.
c. the t!pes of resource re"uirements.
d. the range of tolerance to different ph!sical and chemical conditions.
____ .1. @pecies belonging to different taxonomic groups ma! develop a resemblance resulting from adaptation to
similar environments. This process is called
a. coevolution.
b. microevolution.
c. convergent evolution.
d. macroevolution.
____ .2. hich of the following statements is false?
a. Aenetic diversit! helps prevent a species from becoming extinct.
b. The phenomenon in which animals with favorable adaptation reproduce more rapidl! is
called differential reproduction.
c. Aeographic isolation is a common mechanism contributing to speciation.
d. 7! definition* the fittest animals are the largest and strongest animals.
____ .3. Aeographic isolation is least li(el! to give rise to
a. reproductive isolation.
b. speciation.
c. convergent evolution.
d. divergent evolution.
____ .&. Barwin9s description of macroevolution as an accumulation of stead!* small evolutionar! changes is best
described as
a. d!namic e"uilibrium.
b. a stead! state h!pothesis.
c. a punctuated e"uilibrium h!pothesis.
d. a gradualist model of evolution.
____ .). Aould9s view of macroevolution as long periods of relativel! little change interrupted b! short periods of
relativel! rapid change is best described as
a. d!namic e"uilibrium.
b. a stead! state h!pothesis.
c. a punctuated e"uilibrium h!pothesis.
d. a gradualist model of evolution.
____ .+. hich of the following is not a common misconception about evolution#
a. Evolution is a grand plan of the perfecting of species.
b. 6n a Barwinian world* the strongest survive.
c. 1umans evolved from apes.
d. The (e! to survival in a Barwinian world is coexistence through occup!ing different
niches.
____ .,. 7iodiversit! is believed to be the result of
a. divergent and convergent evolution.
b. speciation and extinction.
c. speciation and coevolution.
d. extinction and coevolution.
____ ... 7iologists estimate that over ____C of the species that have ever lived are now extinct.
a. +0
b. ,0
c. .0
d. 00
____ .0. hich of the following statements about extinctions is false?
a. 7iologists estimate that 00C of all the species that have ever existed are now extinct.
b. >ass extinctions raise the extinction rate above the bac(ground extinction rate.
c. >ost mass extinctions are believed to be due to global climatic changes.
d. Earth has experienced over a dozen great mass extinctions.
____ 00. 6t ta(es on the order of _____ !ears for adaptive radiations to rebuild biological diversit! after a mass
extinction.
a. 100
b. 100 thousand
c. 1 million
d. 10 million
Ecology and Evolution
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. %=@D - T24D &$1 T1E =%TEFE 28 E-2/2A'
2. %=@D % T24D &$1 T1E =%TEFE 28 E-2/2A'
3. %=@D % T24D &$1 T1E =%TEFE 28 E-2/2A'
&. %=@D % T24D &$1 T1E =%TEFE 28 E-2/2A'
). %=@D % T24D &$2 T1E E%FT19@ /68E$@E440FT @'@TE>@
+. %=@D B T24D &$2 T1E E%FT19@ /68E$@E440FT @'@TE>@
,. %=@D - T24D &$2 T1E E%FT19@ /68E$@E440FT @'@TE>@
.. %=@D 7 T24D &$2 T1E E%FT19@ /68E$@E440FT @'@TE>@
0. %=@D 7 T24D &$2 T1E E%FT19@ /68E$@E440FT @'@TE>@
10. %=@D B T24D &$2 T1E E%FT19@ /68E$@E440FT @'@TE>@
11. %=@D B T24D &$3 E-2@'@TE> -2=-E4T@ %=B -2>42=E=T@
12. %=@D - T24D &$3 E-2@'@TE> -2=-E4T@ %=B -2>42=E=T@
13. %=@D B T24D &$3 E-2@'@TE> -2=-E4T@ %=B -2>42=E=T@
1&. %=@D B T24D &$3 E-2@'@TE> -2=-E4T@ %=B -2>42=E=T@
1). %=@D B T24D &$3 E-2@'@TE> -2=-E4T@ %=B -2>42=E=T@
1+. %=@D 7 T24D &$3 E-2@'@TE> -2=-E4T@ %=B -2>42=E=T@
1,. %=@D % T24D &$3 E-2@'@TE> -2=-E4T@ %=B -2>42=E=T@
1.. %=@D B T24D &$3 E-2@'@TE> -2=-E4T@ %=B -2>42=E=T@
10. %=@D B T24D &$3 E-2@'@TE> -2=-E4T@ %=B -2>42=E=T@
20. %=@D - T24D &$3 E-2@'@TE> -2=-E4T@ %=B -2>42=E=T@
21. %=@D B T24D &$3 E-2@'@TE> -2=-E4T@ %=B -2>42=E=T@
22. %=@D B T24D &$3 E-2@'@TE> -2=-E4T@ %=B -2>42=E=T@
23. %=@D - T24D &$3 E-2@'@TE> -2=-E4T@ %=B -2>42=E=T@
2&. %=@D - T24D &$3 E-2@'@TE> -2=-E4T@ %=B -2>42=E=T@
2). %=@D 7 T24D &$3 E-2@'@TE> -2=-E4T@ %=B -2>42=E=T@
2+. %=@D 7 T24D &$3 E-2@'@TE> -2=-E4T@ %=B -2>42=E=T@
2,. %=@D -
T24D &$& -2==E-T62=@D 822B E7@ %=B E=EFA' 8/2 6= E-2@'@TE>@
2.. %=@D %
T24D &$& -2==E-T62=@D 822B E7@ %=B E=EFA' 8/2 6= E-2@'@TE>@
20. %=@D - T24D &$) 4F6>%F' 4F2BE-T656T' 28 E-2@'@TE>@
30. %=@D B T24D &$) 4F6>%F' 4F2BE-T656T' 28 E-2@'@TE>@
31. %=@D - T24D &$+ -2==E-T62=@D >%TTEF -'-/6=A 6= E-2@'@TE>@
32. %=@D 7 T24D &$+ -2==E-T62=@D >%TTEF -'-/6=A 6= E-2@'@TE>@
33. %=@D B T24D &$+ -2==E-T62=@D >%TTEF -'-/6=A 6= E-2@'@TE>@
3&. %=@D % T24D &$+ -2==E-T62=@D >%TTEF -'-/6=A 6= E-2@'@TE>@
3). %=@D 7 T24D &$+ -2==E-T62=@D >%TTEF -'-/6=A 6= E-2@'@TE>@
3+. %=@D % T24D &$+ -2==E-T62=@D >%TTEF -'-/6=A 6= E-2@'@TE>@
3,. %=@D % T24D &$+ -2==E-T62=@D >%TTEF -'-/6=A 6= E-2@'@TE>@
3.. %=@D - T24D &$+ -2==E-T62=@D >%TTEF -'-/6=A 6= E-2@'@TE>@
30. %=@D B T24D &$+ -2==E-T62=@D >%TTEF -'-/6=A 6= E-2@'@TE>@
&0. %=@D % T24D &$+ -2==E-T62=@D >%TTEF -'-/6=A 6= E-2@'@TE>@
&1. %=@D % T24D &$+ -2==E-T62=@D >%TTEF -'-/6=A 6= E-2@'@TE>@
&2. %=@D B T24D &$+ -2==E-T62=@D >%TTEF -'-/6=A 6= E-2@'@TE>@
&3. %=@D - T24D &$+ -2==E-T62=@D >%TTEF -'-/6=A 6= E-2@'@TE>@
&&. %=@D - T24D &$+ -2==E-T62=@D >%TTEF -'-/6=A 6= E-2@'@TE>@
&). %=@D - T24D &$+ -2==E-T62=@D >%TTEF -'-/6=A 6= E-2@'@TE>@
&+. %=@D % T24D &$+ -2==E-T62=@D >%TTEF -'-/6=A 6= E-2@'@TE>@
&,. %=@D B T24D &$+ -2==E-T62=@D >%TTEF -'-/6=A 6= E-2@'@TE>@
&.. %=@D B T24D &$+ -2==E-T62=@D >%TTEF -'-/6=A 6= E-2@'@TE>@
&0. %=@D B T24D &$, 12 B2 E-2/2A6@T@ /E%F= %72ET E-2@'@TE>@#
)0. %=@D B T24D &$. E-2@'@TE> @EF56-E@ %=B @E@T%6=%76/6T'
)1. %=@D B T24D )$1 2F6A6=@ 28 /68E
)2. %=@D - T24D )$1 2F6A6=@ 28 /68E
)3. %=@D - T24D )$1 2F6A6=@ 28 /68E
)&. %=@D 7 T24D )$1 2F6A6=@ 28 /68E
)). %=@D - T24D )$1 2F6A6=@ 28 /68E
)+. %=@D B T24D )$1 2F6A6=@ 28 /68E
),. %=@D B T24D )$1 2F6A6=@ 28 /68E
).. %=@D - T24D )$1 2F6A6=@ 28 /68E
)0. %=@D B T24D )$1 2F6A6=@ 28 /68E
+0. %=@D B T24D )$1 2F6A6=@ 28 /68E
+1. %=@D B T24D )$2 E52/ET62= %=B %B%4T%T62=
+2. %=@D 7 T24D )$2 E52/ET62= %=B %B%4T%T62=
+3. %=@D B T24D )$2 E52/ET62= %=B %B%4T%T62=
+&. %=@D - T24D )$2 E52/ET62= %=B %B%4T%T62=
+). %=@D B T24D )$2 E52/ET62= %=B %B%4T%T62=
++. %=@D 7 T24D )$2 E52/ET62= %=B %B%4T%T62=
+,. %=@D 7 T24D )$2 E52/ET62= %=B %B%4T%T62=
+.. %=@D - T24D )$2 E52/ET62= %=B %B%4T%T62=
+0. %=@D % T24D )$2 E52/ET62= %=B %B%4T%T62=
,0. %=@D B T24D )$2 E52/ET62= %=B %B%4T%T62=
,1. %=@D - T24D )$2 E52/ET62= %=B %B%4T%T62=
,2. %=@D B T24D )$2 E52/ET62= %=B %B%4T%T62=
,3. %=@D B T24D )$2 E52/ET62= %=B %B%4T%T62=
,&. %=@D % T24D )$2 E52/ET62= %=B %B%4T%T62=
,). %=@D - T24D )$2 E52/ET62= %=B %B%4T%T62=
,+. %=@D B T24D )$2 E52/ET62= %=B %B%4T%T62=
,,. %=@D B T24D )$2 E52/ET62= %=B %B%4T%T62=
,.. %=@D % T24D )$2 E52/ET62= %=B %B%4T%T62=
,0. %=@D 7 T24D )$3 E-2/2A6-%/ =6-1E@ %=B %B%4T%T62=
.0. %=@D 7 T24D )$3 E-2/2A6-%/ =6-1E@ %=B %B%4T%T62=
.1. %=@D - T24D )$3 E-2/2A6-%/ =6-1E@ %=B %B%4T%T62=
.2. %=@D B T24D )$& @4E-6%T62=* E?T6=-T62=* %=B 762B65EF@6T'
.3. %=@D - T24D )$& @4E-6%T62=* E?T6=-T62=* %=B 762B65EF@6T'
.&. %=@D B T24D )$& @4E-6%T62=* E?T6=-T62=* %=B 762B65EF@6T'
.). %=@D - T24D )$& @4E-6%T62=* E?T6=-T62=* %=B 762B65EF@6T'
.+. %=@D B T24D )$& @4E-6%T62=* E?T6=-T62=* %=B 762B65EF@6T'
.,. %=@D 7 T24D )$& @4E-6%T62=* E?T6=-T62=* %=B 762B65EF@6T'
... %=@D B T24D )$& @4E-6%T62=* E?T6=-T62=* %=B 762B65EF@6T'
.0. %=@D B T24D )$& @4E-6%T62=* E?T6=-T62=* %=B 762B65EF@6T'
00. %=@D B T24D )$& @4E-6%T62=* E?T6=-T62=* %=B 762B65EF@6T'