Date : 7 August 2007

Time : 09.00 to 10.30 hrs.

Venue : BIRDS Training Center, Muthyalapadu
Topic : Crop Water Budgeting
Faculty : Dr. S. V. Govardhan Das
International Learning Workshop on

Demand-side Management
of Groundwater
30 July - 10 August 2007
Scheme of Presentation
What is CWB
What are the pre-conditions
Pre-CWB Exercises
CWB Workshop
Post-CWB Exercises
Expected outputs
What changes are observed
What is CWB?
A set of activities carried out to match groundwater
balance with Rabi crop plans, in a Hydrological Unit

Estimations are based on farmer collected data
What are the pre-conditions?
Hydrological Monitoring Network should have been
established
Rain Gauge Stations
Observation Wells
Farmers trained in data collection, recording and
display
A minimum data of one Hydrological Year should
have been recorded
Set of Activities!
Crop Water Budgeting Workshop (CWBW)
Pre-CWBW Activities
Post-CWBW Activities
Pre-CWBW Activities
Data collection and updating
Groundwater Balance Estimation, using CWB
package
Projection of Groundwater Balance at the end of
Rabi, based on farmer crop plan
Material preparation
Training GMC in conduct of CWB
FFS methodology tried out successfully
CWB Workshop
Estimation of groundwater recharge
Rainfall data collected by farmers
Extent of each geological formation estimated by farmers and
staff
Standard recharge rates, per GEC 97 norms

Estimation of groundwater draft
Well Census by farmers per September
Average well discharge data collected by farmers
Average pumping hours

Computation of groundwater balance
beginning of Rabi
Automated in Excel spreadsheet
CWB Workshop
Farmer Crop Plan
Well-wise, farmer-wise record kept
Data updated through group exercises
Crop-Water Requirement
Arial extent of each crop computed
Standards of the ANGRAU
Projection of water requirement for Rabi
Projection of groundwater requirement for Rabi
Post-CWBW Activities
Habitation level sharing of CWBW results
Creating platform for decision making
Encouraging women participation
Crop Adoption Survey
Analysis of changes in cropping, irrigation, etc.
Computation of groundwater balance, based on
CAS
Comparison of CAS data of the present year with
that of previous year
Expected Outputs
Base line resource inventory information updated
Groundwater use in Kharif quantified
Groundwater need for Rabi crops quantified
Groundwater Balance for Rabi projected based on
PHM data, resource inventory and crop plan
Triggering discussion around crop plans and
groundwater need
Facilitating changes in crop choices
Knowing the difference between crop plan and
actual cropping
Calculation of water saved through CWB
What changes are observed?
CAS data for Rabi 2005 and 2006 is now available
for the entire APFAMGS project area
A comparative analysis of CAS data of two years is
done in the Newsletter (Telugu).
Main crops in APFAMGS area, grown in Rabi 2005
were:
sun-flower, rice, groundnut, citrus, sajja, red-
gram, jowar, chilly, tomato, ragi, sugar-cane,
mango and vegetables
What changes are observed?
In Rabi 2006, in APFAMGS area;
Sun-flower retains its first place
Area under rice and red-gram reduced by almost
half
There is a drastic reduction of area under red-gram
and sajja
The area under chilly dramatically increased from
2,000 to 11,000 acres
Other crops are grown in more or less the same
extent
SN Rock type Recharge Rate as % of RF
1 Hard rock, without fractures 1%
2 Phyllites and Shales 4%
3 Granulites 5%
4 Hard Sandstone/Limestone 6%
5 Soft Basalt 7%
6 Laterite 7%
7 Soft Sandstone 8%
8 Granitic rock, with clay 8%
9 Western Coast 10%
10 Granitic rock, without clay 11%
11 Fractured Basalt/Limestone 13%
12 East Cost 16%
13 Indo Gangetic Alluvium 22%
Recharge rate (Source: GEC 97)
Factors controlling groundwater quantity
Thank U