Chapter 10

Chapter 10
Projection of solids
Projection of solids
ENGINEERING GRAPHICS
ENGINEERING GRAPHICS
(TA C111)
(TA C111)
Definition
A SOLID has three dimensions: length,
depth and height.
Classification
Polyhedra
Solids of revolution.
Polyhedra
A polyhedra is a solid bounded by planes
called faces.
Regular Polyhedra
Irregular Polyhedra
Prisms
Pyramids
Regular Polyhedra
A polyhedron with faces that are equal and regular
Tetrahedron
Cube or hexahedron
Octahedron
Dodecahedron
Icosahedron
Irregular Polyhedra
RIGHT PRISM
Two equal and similar polygonal bases
Axes perpendicular to its bases
All faces are equal rectangles
Prism
http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Prism.html
OBLIQUE PRISM
Bases are not regular
Axis is not perpendicular to the bases
Prism
Irregular Polyhedra
Pyramid
Polyhedron with n-sided polygonal base connected to a point
(called APEX) by n triangular faces
http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Pyramid.html
axis
Slant Edges
Face
RIGHT PYRAMID
Axis connecting the centre of the base to the apex is
perpendicular to the base
Pyramid
OBLIQUE PYRAMID
Axis connecting the centre of the base to the apex is
inclined to the base
Solids of revolution
Cylinder Cone Sphere
The solids generated by the revolution of certain plane figures
about a fixed line (axis) are called solids of revolution
Frustums of solids
When the solids like pyramids or cones are cut by planes which are
parallel to the base (thus removing the top portion), the cut solid
are called the FRUSTUMof those solids.
When the solids like pyramids or cones are cut by planes which are
not parallel to the base (thus removing the top portion), the cut
solid are called the truncated solids.
Truncated cone
Frustum of a cone
Projections of solids (simple positions)
A solid in simple position may have its axis perpendicular to
one of the reference plane or parallel to both.
When the axis is perpendicular to one reference plane, it is
parallel to the other.
When the axis of a solid is
perpendicular to a plane, its
base will be parallel to that
plane
Axis perpendicular to one ref. plane
When axis is perpendicular to HP or ground:
The TV will show the true shape and size of base. The TV
is drawn first and then the FV is projected from it.
Draw the projections of a
pentagonal pyramid, base 40 mm
edge and axis 60 mm long,
having its base on the ground
and an edge of the base parallel
to VP.
When axis is perpendicular to VP:
The FV will show the true shape and size of base. The FV
is drawn first and then the TV is projected from it.
Axis perpendicular to one ref. plane
A square pyramid, base 40 mm
side and axis 60 mm long, has
its base in the VP. One edge of
the base is inclined at 30

to the
HP and a corner contained by
that edge is on HP. Draw its
projections if the object is in
the 3
rd
quadrant.
When axis is perpendicular to PP (OR parallel to HP
and VP):
The SV (LSV or RSV) will show the true shape and size
of base. The SV is drawn first and then the TV and FV are
projected from it.
Axis perpendicular to one ref. plane
A triangular prism, base 40 mm
side and height 60 mm is resting
on the ground on one of its
rectangular faces with the axis
parallel to VP. Draw its
projections.
Exercise A
(Projection of solids in simple position)
1 unit = 4 grid spacing = 100mm.
Use point for locating the center with PDMODE: 2 and
PDSIZE: 0.15.
Draw a polygon by edge method and locate the center of the
polygon / circle.
Show the axis by a centerline
( ).
Concept of transfer of points from one
view to the other view
The transfer of points from one view to another view
is frequently required to locate key points from cut
points
Section of solids
Intersection of surfaces
Announcements
Tutorial class will be conducted tomorrow
(18.03.09) on PROJ ECTION OF SOLIDS
Section 3 (INSTRUCTOR Ms. Meghana Charde)
go to Section 2 (Room 2215) and 10 (Room 2213).
2008A1PS332P 2008A4PS230P (Section 2)
2008A4PS292P 2008D2TS885P (Section 10)