IPA08-SG-080

PROCEEDINGS, INDONESIAN PETROLEUM ASSOCIATION

Thirty-Second Annual Convention & Exhibition, May 2008

PERMIAN-CRETACEOUS HYDROCARBON PROSPECTIVITY AT BERAU PAPUA

Yanto Kambu*
Wahyu Permana*




ABSTRACT

Berau area is located in the south of Salawati Basin,
Birds head, Irian Jaya Barat Province. Interaction
eustatic sea level with tectonic in bird head to result
transgression and regression phase that deposited
potential sediment that useful in petroleum system
element that identified in well and seismic. Perkins
& Livsey R. A, (1993) to show Vitrinite reflectance
coal and claystone Permian Jurassic sediment from
Gunung-1 well have value above 1 ( v >>1),
indicated over mature.
Modern well data, indicated in well JY-2 that the
Berau area has hydrocarbon potential.

The result of this research, have been interpreted
with the following conclusion :
Permian and Jurassic sediment in Berau area have
complete petroleum system element such as Permian
Jurassic Source rock(Coal, shale and interbedded
black carbonaceous mudstones), Jurassic and
Cretaceous sediment as a reservoir(Limestone,
sandstone Jurassic Cretaceous shale as seal rock and
trap. So, we could conclude that this area has a good
hydrocarbon potential. Prospect area in Berau is
located in south area, precisely, at inverted fault
anticline.

INTRODUCTION

Berau area had been discussed by many researchers,
such as: PigramJ. C. & Panggabean.H, 1981; W.T .,
and Livsey R. A, 1993.

Tectonically, the Berau area could be divided into
two phases of tectonic: rift phase and syn-orogenetic
phase. The complexity of tectonic activity caused the
changing of depositional environment from fluvial to
shallow marine, this changing caused the sediment
that had been deposited have capability to generate
hydrocarbon.

* University of Padjadjaran

This paper explains about petroleum system of the
Berau area using seismic, well log, and
biostratigraphy data in order to identify prospect area
for hydrocarbon.

METHODOLOGY

Data collection was done firstly. It was included
seismic, well log, and biostratigraphy. Depositional
environment for each geological time were
generated by integrating biostratigraphy and log data
that had been interpreted.

Stratigraphic cross-section was generated by using
seismic and log interpretation in order to know the
lateral continuity of sediment in detail and structure.
Sediment thickness of Permian to Cretaceous was
interpreted by using seismic data.

Petroleum system and its relationship to depositional
environment were evaluated based on all
interpretation. Finally, hydrocarbon prospectivity of
the Berau area was evaluated.


RESULT

Petroleum System

1. Source Rock Potential
Source rock potential was determined by doing
analog to the source rock identified in the KBSA
area (Paul J. Dolan, Hermany, 1988). Identified
source rocks in the Berau area are Jurassic shale
and coal, and Permian carbonaceous mudstones
and coal.

Jurassic Source rock
Jurassic shale is characterized by induction log
(ILD) of 2-5 ohm, GR log of 112-131API and
thickness about 265ft in well JY-5, its lateral
continuity spreads in all research area and were
found in all wells.

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Jurassic coal is characterized by low induction
log of 2-10 ohm, GR log of 57 API, and thin. It
presences at well JY-2, JY-3 and JY-6.

The depositional environment of the Jurassic
source rock were inner to outer neritic. Its
kerogen type is Type II (marine algae, polen and
spora, and fosil resin). This kerogen has capacity
to generate liquid hydrocarbon and gas
(Figure 3).

Permian Source rock
Permian source rock is composed of interbeded
black carbonaceous mudstone and coal
(Figure 2): Black carbonaceous mudstoneS is a
characteristic by Induction Log(ILD) of
2-15ohm, and thickness abouth 410ft, it
presences in all well. The Permian Interval was
not penetrated in well JY-1. The Permian source
rock was deposited in shore to shallow marine
environment/inner-outer neritic (Figure 3), so it
is possibly type II of source rock kerogen
(Marine algae, pollen and spora, and fosil resin)
and type III (shore organic material).


2. Reservoir Potential
Some reservoir potential were identified based
on log data (figure 2), they are: Cretaceous
sediment (limestone, sandstone) and Jurassic
sediment (limestone, sandstone).
Cretaceous Reservoir sediment is compoced of
limestone which has GR value between
17-19API, Induction log(ILD) of 9-20
ohm(figure 2) and thickness about 1105ft in well
JY-1, and thinner in the other well and sandstone
which has GR value between 70-75API,
Induction Log (ILD) of 2-9ohm(Figure 2) and
thickness about 245 ft in well JY-2. This
sandstone presences in every well of research
area (Figure 4,5,6).

Jurassic reservoir consist of limestone that
characteristic by GR value of 35-50 API,
Induction log (ILD) of 5-10 ohm and thickness
about 50ft. this limestone presences in all
wells(Figure 4,5,6).


3. Seal Potential
Potential seal in the research area are Jurassic
ands Cretaceous shale (figure 2). Cretaceous
shale has significant thickness of 1463 ft in well
JY-2 and thinner in well JY-3, but it is very wide
spread. Jurassic shale has thickness about 98
-243 ft in well JY-6. (figures 4,5,6).
4. Migration and Maturity
The Roabiba and Ofaweri Jurassic gas samples
were generated at extremely high maturities
greater than Ro equivalence to 2.0%. The
roabiba condensate was generated at a middle
mature Ro equivalence to 0.85%. This result
indicates that the Roabiba condensate was not
generated as a thermal condensate from the same
source rock area as the highly mature Roabiba
gas (Perkins & Livsey , 1993).

Base on that information, it can be assumed that
oil show in Roabiba and Ofaweri well is one
package of sediment. It can be estimated that
migration were occurred through Permian rifting
(vertical migration) and accumulated in top of
anticline. We interpreted that hydrocarbon come
from south of research area or from north of
Seram island and moved toward anticline and
fold that had been faulted (in seismic, it is
marker by symbol F1,F2, dan F3).

5. Trap
From seismic data, hydrocarbon trap in research
area are stratigraphic and structural trap.

CONCLUSION

Permian and Jurassic sediment in Berau area have
complete petroleum system element such as Permian
Jurassic Source rock(Coal, shale and interbedded
black carbonaceous mudstones), Jurassic and
Cretaceous sediment as a reservoir(Limestone,
sandstone Jurassic Cretaceous shale as seal rock and
trap. So, we could conclude that this area has a good
hydrocarbon potential. Prospect area in Berau is
located in south area, precisely, at inverted fault
anticline.

REFERENCES

Perkins. W.T and Livsey.R. A., Geology of
theJurassic Discoveries in Bintuni bay, Western Irian
Jaya., proceedings Indonesian Petroleum
Association, 1993

Froidevaux .M.C., Geology Of The Misool
Island(Irian Jaya)., Proceedings Indonesian
Petroleum Association, 1974.

Gumvan.R and Martodjojo S., The Pretertiary
System Of Misool Area., Proceedings Indonesian
Petroleum Association, 1984

Pigram J. C. and Panggabean.H., Pretertiary
Geology Of Western Irian Jaya and Misool Island :

Implicatioan For The Tectonic Development Of
Eastern Indonesia, Proceedings Indonesian
Petroleum Association, 1981





















































Dolan J. P. and Hermany., The Geology of the
Wiriagar Field, Bintuni Basin, Irian Jaya.,
Proceedings Indonesian Petroleum Association,
1988.































































Figure 1 Workflow.











Figure 2 - Representative Petroleum System Marker from Well Jy-1 & Jy2.





Figure 3 - Permian-Cretaceous Paleodepositional Environment at Berau Area.












Figure 4 - Stratigraphic Cross section at Well JY-1,JY-2,JY-3.

























Figure 5 - Stratigraphic Cross section at Well JY-5,JY-6.













Figure 6 - Stratigrapy Cross section at Well 4,2,35.

























Figure 7 - Seismic Interpretation (not real size).