372 lIlKOltY OF ARCIIITKCTUHE.

HCOK II.
KI.
= :()-:^
]K
= 'i;!-27
()C=BF _ 78-00
The arc KD
=
fiSTO
The arc KB
=
52 15
KG
= ;5;5-59
a, the height of the pier, =198-00.
The area KFCL of the upper part of the arch will be 1223-10, from wliich suhtractliio
that of the triangle FKG, whicli is 590-82, the remainder 832-28
being multiplied by
30-73 and divided by 32-7 makes the etlbrt of this part 782-44.
H29. Til J area of the lower part is 6'97-95,to which adding the triangle FKG =390-82,
we have lOSS-77, whicli multiplied by 23-27 and divided by 52-15, gives 485-82
for its
effoit. The expression of the thrust, represented hy
p
in the formula,
T=
V
2p
~^
+
^2


being equal to the difference of these two efforts,
will be 29G-62, and twice
p
d, re))resenting KG, being
W2 have 2joc?= 199'i(;-93, and
"''''
= 593-24
= 33-59
= 100-64
h, representing the sum of the efforts of the semi arch, will be
= 8-9 and
6_17G2-8
~
198
'"
^
"""
at
Substituting these values in the formula, we have the equation
= 1702-03
= 79-21
x=
^/593-24- 100-64
+
79-21 -8-9=15-01.
Hy taking double the square root of the thrust the result is 23-91, a thickness evidently
too great, because tlve siun of the vertical efforts, which are therein
neglected, is con-
siderable.
1430. The geometrical method gives 19 lines. The least thickness of the piers from
actual experiment was 16 lines.
1431. llondelet gives a proof of the method by means of tlie centres of gravity, as \h
some of the preceding examples, from which he obtains a result of only 13-26
for the thick-
ness of the piers.
@C.;
Consideration,
of
an Arch whose Voussoirs increase towards the Springing.
1432. The model
(.A.'/.
582.)
has an extrados of segmental form not
concentric with its intrados. so that its thickness increases from the
p
crown to the springing. The o])ening is the same as before, namely,
9 inches, or 108 lines. The thickness at the vertex is 4 lines, towards
the middle of the haunches
7^
lines, and at the springing
14.^ lines.
'I"he centre of the line of the extrados is one sixth part of the chord
AO below the centre of the intrado.s ; so that
The radius 1)N = 08 05
KI. = 3818
IK=15-82
(See 1390,
obs. 22,
and 1441). The arc BK = KC=42-43
1433. The area KHDC of the upper part of the arch is 258-75,
that of the lower part 15 AUK
486-5
;
hence the effort of the upper
part is represented by the expression
-^^

ij7\z
=232-47.
1434. The half segment ABe being supposed to'be united to the
p"^
pier; BeliK, whose area is 178, is the only part that can balance the
"

^.
. . . 178xlo-82 , , .
tiji. sas!.
upper effort; its expression will be

j.,.^j^'=
66-24. The difference
of the two eflbrts 166-23 will be the expression of the thrust
represented by
p
in the
formida
Thus
2/)
- - . =
332 46
IB=KL, indicated by rf,
- - . = 38 1
8
Which makes the value of 2jBrf
...
=1269392
The vertical effort of the upper part mdicated by m =
"'
^,',.^y
= 96 31)
and for 2;)m
-
-.
I-)'^
j()
The value of f being 15 82, we have 2/c
- . =
SD-Jb .-k)