Project meeting 7-8 July 2014, Valencia (Spain)

AIDIMA (Miguel ngel Abin)

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WP 8: ASSESSMENT OF CELLUWOOD
MATERIAL
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Previously, in WP7 some lignin, PUR and MUF beams where manufactured at
TECNIFUSTA for interim testing. Those interim tests led to changes in the
formulation of the lignin resin by CHIMAR in order to achieve a satisfactory and
effective final resin.
In 2014, 20 complete beams (nominal dimensions: 120 x 120 x 2200 mm) were
manufactured at TECNIFUSTA in collaboration with CHIMAR and AIDIMA:
10 beams with their lamellae glued by the final lignin resin developed in the
project (CELLUWOOD beams).
10 beams with their lamellae glued by commercial PUR.
All lamellae were made of timber classified as C24.
10 commercial beams (nominal dimensions: 120 x 120 x 2200 mm) made with MUF
resin were used in order to compare strength and behaviour with the other 20 beams.
The commercial beams are classified as GL24h.
All beams were made of Picea abies wood.
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Measurement of the moisture content of timber
Preparation of the lignin resin for its
application
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12
PUR beams
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NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTS (ULTRASOUNDS): PUR BEAMS
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Beam 1 (PUR resin) Wave speed
(m/s)
MOE
(N/mm2)
MOR (N/mm2) Classification
1st l!e line 5,619 12,890 33.5 C30
2nd l!e line 5,621 12,901 33.6 C30
1st lamella 5,682 13,883 35.1 C35
2nd lamella 5,635 12,988 33.9 C30
"rd lamella 5,513 12,223 30.8 C30
Beam 2 (PUR resin) Wave speed
(m/s)
MOE
(N/mm2)
MOR (N/mm2) Classification
1st l!e line 5,651 12,879 33.4 C30
2nd l!e line 5,862 14,204 38.7 C35
1st lamella 5,604 12,586 32.3 C30
2nd lamella 5,714 13,276 35.0 C35
"rd lamella 5,812 13,889 37.5 C35
Beam 2 (moisture content: 10.4%; dimensions: 120 x 122 x 2199 mm).
Beam 3 (moisture content: 11.1%; dimensions: 119 x 122 x 2202 mm).
Beam " (PUR resin) Wave speed
(m/s)
MOE
(N/mm2)
MOR (N/mm2) Classification
1st l!e line 5,913 15,146 42.4 C40
2nd l!e line 5,573 13,015 34.0 C30
1st lamella 6,001 15,692 44.6 C40
2nd lamella 5,828 14,615 40.3 C40
"rd lamella 5,528 12,731 32.9 C30
Beam 1 (moisture content: 11.2%; dimensions: 120 x 123 x 2201 mm).
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Beam # (PUR resin) Wave speed
(m/s)
MOE
(N/mm2)
MOR (N/mm2) Classification
1st l!e line 5,651 13,086 34.3 C30
2nd l!e line 5,382 11,401 27.6 C27
1st lamella 5,746 13,686 36.6 C35
2nd lamella 5,483 12,037 30.1 C30
"rd lamella 5,312 10,961 25.8 C24
Beam 4 (moisture content: 11.4%; dimensions: 120 x 122 x 2198 mm).
Good results (good quality timber), and good glue lines.
We need to analyze the results in more detail.
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NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTS (ULTRASOUNDS): COMMERCIAL MUF BEAMS
GL24
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Beam 1 (MU$
resin)
Wave speed
(m/s)
MOE
(N/mm2)
MOR (N/mm2) Classification
1st l!e line 5,721 13,324 35.2 C35
2nd l!e line 5,515 12,028 30.1 C30
1st lamella 5,691 13,133 34.5 C30
2nd lamella 5,487 11,850 29.4 C27
"rd lamella 5,501 11,939 29.7 C27
Beam 2 (MU$
resin)
Wave speed
(m/s)
MOE
(N/mm2)
MOR (N/mm2) Classification
1st l!e line 5,376 11,365 27.4 C27
2nd l!e line 5,602 12,779 33.1 C30
1st lamella 5,350 11,196 26.8 C24
2nd lamella 5,607 12,784 33.2 C30
"rd lamella 5,661 13,151 34.5 C30
Beam 2 (moisture content: 10.9%; dimensions: 121 x 120 x 2201 mm).
Beam 3 (moisture content: 10.3%; dimensions: 122 x 120 x 2198 mm).
Beam 1 (moisture content: 10.4%; dimensions: 120 x 120 x 2202 mm).
Beam " (MU$
resin)
Wave speed
(m/s)
MOE
(N/mm2)
MOR (N/mm2) Classification
1st l!e line 5,602 12,986 33.9 C30
2nd l!e line 5,529 12,532 32.1 C30
1st lamella 5,623 12,991 33.9 C30
2nd lamella 5,631 13,171 34.6 C30
"rd lamella 5,404 11,743 28.9 C27
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Beam # (MU$
resin)
Wave speed
(m/s)
MOE
(N/mm2)
MOR (N/mm2) Classification
1st l!e line 5,431 11,915 29.6 C27
2nd l!e line 5,363 11,487 27.9 C27
1st lamella 5,204 10,481 24.1 C24
2nd lamella 5,405 11,743 28.9 C27
"rd lamella 5,350 11,196 26.8 C24
Beam % (MU$
resin)
Wave speed
(m/s)
MOE
(N/mm2)
MOR (N/mm2) Classification
1st l!e line 5,445 11,587 28.3 C27
2nd l!e line 5,676 13,038 34.1 C30
1st lamella 5,457 11,592 28.3 C27
2nd lamella 5,487 11,851 29.4 C27
"rd lamella 5,706 13,228 34.8 C30
Beam 4 (moisture content: 10.4%; dimensions: 120 x 120 x 2201 mm).
Beam 5 (moisture content: 10.1%; dimensions: 119 x 120 x 2203 mm).
Good results (good quality timber), and good glue lines.
We need to analyze the results in more detail.
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NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTS (ULTRASOUNDS): LIGNIN BEAMS
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Beam2 (linin
resin)
Wave
speed
(m/s)
MOE
(N/mm2)
MOR
(N/mm2)
Classification
1st l!e line 5,737 13,835 37.2 C35
2nd l!e line 5,721 13,739 36.9 C35
1st lamella 5,661 13,358 35.3 C35
2nd lamella 5,783 14,127 38.4 C35
"rd lamella 5,646 13,265 34.9 C30
Beam 1 (moisture content: 12.4%; dimensions: 121 x 123 x 2103 mm).
Beam 2 (moisture content: 11.9%; dimensions: 121 x 122 x 2107 mm).
Beam 3 (moisture content: 12.2%; dimensions: 121 x 119 x 2104 mm).
Beam" (linin
resin)
Wave
speed (m/s)
MOE
(N/mm2)
MOR
(N/mm2)
Classification
1st l!e line 6,062 15,876 45.3 C45
2nd l!e line 5,721 13,739 36.9 C35
1st lamella 6,167 16,534 47.0 C45
2nd lamella 5,863 14,624 40.4 C40
"rd lamella 5,752 13,932 37.6 C35
Beam1 (linin
resin)
Wave
speed
(m/s)
MOE
(N/mm2)
MOR
(N/mm2)
Classification
1st l!e line 5,783 14,127 38.4 C35
2nd l!e line 5,661 13,358 35.3 C35
1st lamella 5,928 15,032 42.0 C40
2nd lamella 5,691 13,547 36.1 C35
"rd lamella 5,616 13,078 34.2 C30
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Beam# (linin
resin)
Wave
speed
(m/s)
MOE
(N/mm2)
MOR
(N/mm2)
Classification
1st l!e line 5,783 14,127 38.4 C35
2nd l!e line 5,661 13,358 35.3 C35
1st lamella 5,944 15,136 42.4 C40
2nd lamella 5,616 13,078 34.2 C30
"rd lamella 5,721 13,738 36.9 C35
Beam % (linin
resin)
Wave
speed
(m/s)
MOE
(N/mm2)
MOR
(N/mm2)
Classification
1st l!e line 5,631 12,550 32.1 C30
2nd l!e line 5,668 13,407 35.5 C35
1st lamella 5,404 11,121 28.5 C27
2nd lamella 5,722 13,117 34.4 C30
"rd lamella 5,692 12,926 33.6 C30
Beam 5 (moisture content: 8.9%; dimensions: 120 x 121 x 2105 mm).
Beam 6 (moisture content: 12.1%; dimensions: 121 x 121 x 2102 mm).
Beam & (linin
resin)
Wave
speed
(m/s)
MOE
(N/mm2)
MOR
(N/mm2)
Classification
1st l!e line 5,445 12,002 30.1 C30
2nd l!e line 5,363 11,487 27.9 C27
1st lamella 5,376 11,572 28.3 C27
2nd lamella 5,417 11,828 29.3 C27
"rd lamella 5,194 10,425 23.7 C20
Beam 4 (moisture content: 11.7%; dimensions: 120 x 122 x 2101 mm).
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Beam ' (linin
resin)
Wave speed
(m/s)
MOE
(N/mm2)
MOR (N/mm2) Classification
1st l!e line 5,896 14,624 40.4 C40
2nd l!e line 5,879 14,517 39.9 C35
1st lamella 5,828 14,201 38.7 C35
2nd lamella 5,930 14,839 41.2 C40
"rd lamella 5,651 13,086 34.3 C30
Beam 7 (moisture content: 11.1%; dimensions: 120 x 123 x 2108 mm).
Good results (good quality timber), and good glue lines.
We need to analyze the results in more detail.
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EN 408:2011+A1:2012 Timber structures Structural timber and glued laminated timber
Determination of some physical and mechanical properties specifies test methods for
determining most of the strength and stiffness properties of structural and glued
laminated timber.
Section 19. Determination of bending strength
Section 10. Determination of global modulus of elasticity in bending
DESTRUCTIVE TESTS ACCORDING TO EN 408
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Breaking of a commercial MUF beam
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Breaking of a commercial MUF beam
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Breaking of a PUR beam
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Breaking of a PUR beam
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Breaking of a lignin beam (separation of the lamellas)
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Breaking of a lignin beam (separation of the lamellas)
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Breaking of a lignin beam (crack)
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Breaking of a lignin beam (crack)
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10000
12000
14000
16000
18000
20000
22000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
MOE (MPa)
MUF
PUR
LIGNIN
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12285
15020
17372
10000
11000
12000
13000
14000
15000
16000
17000
18000
MUF PUR LIGNIN
Average MOE (MPa)
The
average
MOE for
lignin
beams is
41,4%
greater
than the
average
MOE for
MUF
beams
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35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
MOR (MPa)
MUF
PUR
LIGNIN
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50,65
53,55
56,72
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
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MUF PUR LIGNIN
Average MOR (MPa)
The
average
MOR for
lignin
beams is
12%
greater
than the
average
MOR for
MUF
beams
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On-going work and research
1) Mechanical characterization of small pieces of lignin beams
2) Analysis of the quality of gluing in broken lignin beams
Thank you very
much for your
attention