594

THEORY OF AliCHiTKCTUllE, Poc

II.
nnd let H, K, N, M be the points where the two arches intersect each otlier on the plan.
Divide either of the arcs BC or DE into parts, equal or unequal
;
as, for example, in the
arc DE take any number of points r,s at pleasure, and
draw ru, ii, EI perpendicular to DF.
rroduce H D to v, and draw it, su, Ey, parallel to DF, cutting Do in t, u, v. Produce H
C
to
G, and make Cw, Cx respectively etjual to D^ D ; and as the arches are equal in height,
CG will be equal to Dy. Draw w;/, xz, GB,
parallel to AC,
cutting the arc BC in tlie
points
y,
z, and touching it in B. Draw ija, zh and BI
L
parallel to UK, and through the points tlabl draw
tlie curve Wahl, which will lie half the plan of the
groin as required. The other half IN and the other groin
MK will be found in the same manner.
1950. To
find
tlie plan
of
the groins produced hij the
intersection
of
a cylindric and a c(mic vault, the angle
of
position
of
the axis, the diameter
of
the ci/linder, and the
plan
of
the conic vault heinp given. Let AB
{fig.
636.)
be the axis of the cylinder, CD that of the cone, C
being tlie apex, and D the point through which the
base passes. Through any point A in AB draw EF
perpendicular to AB, and make AE and Al' each equal
to the radius of the cylinder, and draw EH and FT
parallel to AB. Tlirough D draw KIM perpendicular
to CD, and make DK and DM each equal to half the
diameter of the cylinder. Join KC and MC, cutting
EH and FT in the jioints N, O, P, Q.
Divide the semi-
circles F'GE and KLM into parts, whereof the corre-
sponding ones are equal to one another. From the
points of division in the semicircle EGF draw lines
parallel to AB; and through the corresjjonding points
in the semicircle KLM draw lines perpendicidar to the
diameter KM, cutting KM. From the points of section
draw lines to the apex C of the cone, cutting the former
drawn through the points in the semicircumference
FGE. Through each set of corresponding points draw
a curve, and the two curves will represent the arrisses of
the groin on the plan. If in an octagonal ground vault
tlie octagonal range be cylinders, and the cross vaults,
which tend to the centre, diminish to a line of the
height of the vault, the following construction applies :

Let EFGHI
(fig.
6:57.) be the exterior side of the
vault, which is both equilateral and equiangular, and
lot JKLMN be the line of the exterior surface of the
inner wall; so that the lines EJ, FK, GL, HM, IN,
which pass through every two corresponding angles,
may tend to the centre O of the groin vault. Let the
sections of the given ribs be PQll and STU, so that
PR of the rib PQ.R may stand at right angles to the
sides F.F and JK and the sic'e SU of the rib STU
on the middle of the side F'G. Divide the two bases
PR and SU in the same proportion, and through
the joints of division in SU draw lines from the centre
O of the ground vault to meet the curve STU; and