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basement rocks, andesitic lavas, subvolcanic

intrusions and Cretaceous or Tertiary sediments.


Epithermal mineralization post-dates the por-
phyry-type ore formation and is commonly
associated with propylitic, quartzadulariaillite
to argillic alteration (Milu et al., 2003, 2004).
Minerals in epithermal veins occur in open-
space filling and crustiform textures. Gold, elec-
trumFsphalerite, galena, and many species of
tellurides (e.g., at the classical, but exhausted
deposit Sacar mb) are common in these epither-
mal vein deposits (Cook et al., 2004).
(2) Porphyry copper mineralization (Deva, Rozia
Poieni, Valeia Morii, Musariu) is contempora-
neous with associated older events of Miocene
magmatism. Porphyry mineralization is hosted
mainly by subvolcanic andesitic bodies and
forms stockworks, disseminations and impreg-
nations, sometimes occuring as breccia infill
(Boztinescu, 1984, Berbeleac et al., 1995). Tele-
scoping of porphyry and epithermal mineraliza-
tion is common. Potassic, phyllic to argillic
alteration is common in the porphyry copper
deposits. The main ore minerals are chalcopyrite
and bornite.
(3) Breccia-hosted epithermal deposits are common
at Rozia Montana, set to become Europes lar-
gest gold mine (Leary et al., 2004). Further
sizable resources of breccia-hosted gold ore
are also present at Bucium Rodu-Frasin, and
Dextral strike-slip
post-dating
mineralization
Neogene normal fault
Neogene strike-slip fault
2 km
E
x
t
e
n
s
i
o
n

d
i
r
e
c
t
i
o
n
C
o
n
t
r
a
c
t
i
o
n

d
i
r
e
c
t
i
o
n
b
Brad
Rosia Montana
Baita
Muncelui
South Transsylvanian fault
Sacarimb
Deva
Metamorphic rocks
Mesozoic ophiolites
Mesozoic sedimentary rocks
Miocene sedimentary rocks
Miocene magmatic rocks
Quaternary sedimentary rocks
Faults and thrusts
Upper Cretaceous -
Paleogene magmatic rocks
Mures Fault
Epithermal Au deposits
Porphyry Cu (-Au) deposits
N
S
E W
0 2 4 km
Deva
Brad
Abrud
Zlatna
50N
30E
BALKAN
Black
Sea
MOESIA
S
R
EDNOGORIE
PANNONI AN
BASIN
TRANSY
L
V
A
N
I
A
N
BA
S
IN
C
A
R
P
A
T
H
I
A
N
S
M
ts.
A
P
U
S
E
NI
Rosia Montana
Rosia Poieni
Bradisor
Stanjica
Deva
Sacarmb
Bucium
Zarand
Mts.
South Transsylvanian fault
Baita
Brad
a
Musariu
Valea Morii

Fig. 7. aDetailed map of Neogene structures and magmatic rocks in the South Apuseni Mountains (after Rozu et al., 2001b). bMain
structural elements and hydrothermal vein systems of the South Apuseni Mountains (adapted from Ianovici and Borcoz, 1982).
F. Neubauer et al. / Ore Geology Reviews 27 (2005) 1344 26

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