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AUC
Figure 4 Calibration curve of the standard gallic acid
Table 4 Stability test of the anti-wrinkle product
using six cycles of heatingcooling
Before
6 cycles
After 6 cycles
5
o
C
(48 h)
45
o
C
(48 h)
Appearance Smooth
cream
Smooth
cream
Smooth
cream
Color Yellow Yellow Yellow
pH 7.10 6.94 6.95
Original Article 33
J Health Res 2010, 24(1): 29-34
Moisturizing
Skin moisturizing of twenty one volunteers
was evaluated by using triplesense
TM
. The anti-
wrinkle product and the cream base were applied
to the right inner forearm; right upper arm (RUA)
and right central arm (RCA), respectively. One
area of equal size on the right lower arm (RLA)
was evaluated for comparison without any
treatment. The skin moisturizing was measured
in week 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 as shown in Figure 6.
The skin moisturizing of RUA, RCA, and RLA
improved in week 2 compared to the base.
DISCUSSION:
Antioxidant activity
The antioxidant activity of the peacock petal
extracts were conducted by using DPPH radical
scavenging assay. The results have shown that the
red petals gave the strongest activity with
IC
50
=34.74 g/ml, followed by the orange petals
with IC
50
=35.63 g/ml. On the other hand, ABTS
cation radical scavenging assay has shown that
the orange petals have the strongest activity with
IC
50
=227.66 g/ml, followed by the red petals with
IC
50
=243.01 g/ml. The orange petals were
selected to be the raw material for the anti wrinkle
cream because of the high antioxidant activity.
Stability test of the anti-wrinkle product
The stability test was conducted by six cycles
of a heating-cooling method. It was shown that
the anti-wrinkle product had good optical
appearance with a neutral pH (pH = 7) and a
smooth cream without cracking. Moreover, the
standard microbial assays
9)
using Petri dishes
showed sufficient microbiological stability with a
microbial count less than 500 CFU/g. No
Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp., Staphylococcus
aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa that could
be proved neither in the anti-wrinkle product nor
in the cream base.
Quality analysis using HPLC
The quality analysis was conducted by using
HPLC and gallic acid as chemical marker. Gallic
acid was proved in the orange petal extract and
the anti-wrinkle product at concentrations of 1.26
and 1.87 g/ml, respectively.
Efficacy of the anti-wrinkle formulation
Twenty one healthy volunteers were recruited
in the clinical trial and followed up every week for
four weeks. The efficacy evaluation was conducted
by measuring the skin elasticity and the moisture
content before and after using the products or the
untreated skin. The skin elasticity of the
volunteers increased in week 1, 2, 3 and 4
compared with that of before using the anti-
wrinkle product. The elasticity in week 3 was
statistically significant. The skin elasticity of
volunteers which applied the anti-wrinkle cream
Figure 5 Elasticity of test persons (n=21) using
the anti-wrinkle product (RUA), cream base
(RCA) in comparison to untreated skin (RLA) at
the week 0, 1, 2, 3, 4
Figure 6 Moisturizing of probands (n=21) using
an anti-wrinkle product (RUA), the cream base
(RCA) in comparison to untreated skin (RLA) in
week 0, 1, 2, 3, 4
34 Original Article
J Health Res 2010, 24(1): 29-34
increased in week 2, 3 and 4 compared to the
group not using the anti-wrinkle product.
The moisture content of the skin decreased
compared to the time before using the product. It
can be concluded that the products had no effect
on the skin moisture because of the cold dry
weather in the laboratory (room temperature
24
o
C).
CONCLUSION: This study supports the traditional
Thai use of C. pulcherrima as an ingredient in
cosmetic products with antioxidant and with anti-
wrinkle activity. The best effect was achieved by
the ethanolic extract which corresponds to the
traditional extraction practice. The amount of
phenolic compounds in term of gallic acid
suggests that the flowers of C. pulcherrima may be
a good source of natural antioxidants which may
be incorporated into a range of cosmetics and
health products.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT: Thailand Research Fund
(TRF) through Industrial and Research Projects
for Undergraduate Studies (IRPUS) 2550 and
University Mobility Asia Pacific (UMAP) 2007 are
acknowledged for providing the partial financial
assistance to this research project. Specialty
Natural Product Co, Ltd. is acknowledged for
providing the SNP materials for the product
formulation.
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