AIA,A AlI"",POCO Sol....- _Ing Including tho Now forum on. AerooPOco Ex"".

111""
AlAA2011-1306
_1 January 20", Orlllnclo,
Part 1: The Wind Tunnel Model Design and Fabrication of
Cal Poly's AMELIA 10 Foot Span Hybrid Wing-Body Low
Noise CESTOL Aircraft
Krj,lina K. Jam",onI, Oa,id D, Mar'hall', Rory Goldcn', and Erio Padano'
California PoiYlechnie Siale Uni"""ity, San Luis Ob"f'<', CA, 93407
Robert J. Engla'> ."d Richard J. Gaota'
Georgia Tech Research fnSliMe, A/fanta, GA 303)2-0844
Jay PateTSon'."d Dave M.,on'
Patersonlal", fne .. Kenl, WA 98031
A coUai>oraUon bet..een Coliromia Polytechnic Corporation Georgia Tech
Re.eorch In.tltu'" (GTRij ond DHC Engineering ..orked on , NASA NRA to delop
prodlotlve .apabllJties ror tbe design ond perform,noe of Crul,e Emdent, Sbort Tok...Off
ond Landing (CESTOL) 'Ub'Dnle ol..,r.ft, In addillon, 0 lorge .eal. wind tunDel effort to
,aUdat. tbe p..didi.e o.pobiJlti ror thl. NRA for o.rodyn.mic ond ooou.lle
p.rform.nc. during to!leoff .nd landing ha, boon und.rtak.D. Tb. mod.l, Adno.d Model
fnr E.tr.me Lift .nd Impro.ed Aeroacou,llo. (AMELIA), wa. designed 0 100 p,,,enger,
N+2 generotlon, reglonal, erul...mol.nt ,bort tok...ff 'nd land (CllSTOLj alrUn", with
hybrid bl.nded wing-body wltb drculallon contrnl nnd upper ,urf... blowing. Tbe model
design wa. roeu.ed on ru.Hoylng' .nd nols. goolet ODt by the NASA N+2 deflnUlon. The
AMELIA hO' a 10 ft wing .p.n. P.t.....nL.b. w.. oba.. n to build AMELIA. Th. Nollon.1
I'UIISoal. AerodynamIc Complex (NFAC) 40 ft by 80 ft wind tunnel wa. eho,.n to p.rform
the l.rg....""I. wind runnelte.t in tb. 'Dmmer or 2011.
I. Introduction
1Assi.tant Professor, Aero,pace Engineering. San Lei' Obi.po, Ca 93407. AIAA Member,
1 Ass""iato Profossor, Aero.pace Engln.ering, San Lui, Obi,l"', C. 93407, AIAA Member.
J Graduat< Stud<n', A"'",pace Engineering, Son l.ui, Obi,po, Ca 93407, AIAA Stodent Member.
'Undergraduate Student, A"'o'pace Engineering. S.., Lui' Obi,po, C. 93407, AIAA Stodent Member.
'Princip.1 R....rob EIt8in""r, Goorgia Tech R...aroh In"itule, Allan... GA 30332, AIAA M.mher
Re.earoh Engineer, Georgia Teeh Re,earch [n.htote, Atlanta, GA 30332, AIAA Member,
, Pre.jdent, pat<"onlob inc. WA 98031, AIAA Momb",.
'Model De.igner, p.t."onlob inc., Ken" WA 98031, AIAA Member.
,
Americ.n In.tltote of AeroMutic. and A,tronaotic,
C<>p)m"", "" '"" _""""." '''''''0," or A,rnna"'", "d """"00",1,,,, I",. All",,"," "'.._,
produoe lower "ol,e, lower emi..ion,. ond higher ,ubwnic aircl1lfl for 'he Nexl Generation Air
Tran,portation SY'lem.
The work provided in thi, im'e,tigalion w an NRA funded by Sub,onio Fi<ed Wing Projeot 'wting in 2007
wilh a ,p.ciflo goal of a lorge 'cale wind tunnel lest along with the developmenl of new ond improved
predictive oode, for tho advancod powerod.lill conoept,. The,e concept, ore incorporoted into lhe wind tunnel
model ond in oonjunction wilh 'he vorifioalion ofthe,. oodes by the experimentol investigotion an expetimen",1 d...
base will be obloined dUring tho wind tunnd <e,t. Powered_lift concepts Inve,tig'led.re Circul'lio" Control (CC)
in conjunclion wilh over lhe wing mounted engine, to ent",i" the exhoust to ftmher incr.o,. tbe lift genel1l1ed
hy CC ,echoologie, alon.
There ore 0 number of papers in lhe p..t rew yea.. cumputatinn.1 ,tudie, of CC teohnologi.., MO'1
of them have focu, on 2D 'tudie" '11 While lbere .re a number of excellen' 2D experimental dowet' o""llable for
,uch CFD volidalion"''', tho ..mo i, not tru. for 3D .'perimental d.ta". Thi, effort .im, 10 address lhi, ,hort fail
by or..ling a compr.hen,ive .nd relevant 3D databa,e for curren! and future 3D ,imulalion,. Experimental
measuremen" induded in the data"',. will be force, and moment', ,urface pressure di""ibu,Ion" 10c.1 ,kin
mc,Ion, boundary and ,hear I'yer velooity profLie,. far-neld acou'lio daUl and uoi,. ,ignature' frum lurbof.n
propul,ion ,imulators. Thi, paper focu,e, on de,igning and developing a model wi,h NASA', N+2 go.l, for less
environmenUlI impacl a, well a, the fabricotion of a full ,pan wind tunnel model '0 be used '0 create the 3D
validation database for numerical ,imulallon., Specifically, lbe mudel was de,ignad as a 100 pa..enger, .-.gion.i,
orui,e efficienl ,hort U1keoff.nd laltd (CESTDL) airliner with hyhrid hlended wing_body with circulalion oontrol.
The OOnflguralion was developed by David Hall and r.fleed by Cal Poly, The wind runnel model was ,ized by lhe
NRA <h. size of avail.hie wind tunn.I" which scaled the model to. 10 II ,pon, The re,ulting d.,ign i" lho
Adv.nced Mod.1 for Extreme lift and Improved Aeroaoou'lio, (AMELIA) ond i. the ,ubjecl of two oomp.nion
papers. Pan I of thi, pap"" will de,cribe the oonceprual de,ign, oon,idered for lbi, project, lho ,elecled
conftguration adapled for. wind runnel modei, th. intemol c<lnfigul1l1ion of AMELIA, and lhe experimental
me..uremen" ohoacn in order t<l satisfY lhe requir.menl of .n e'periment.1 me..urement databa,e. Pari 2
of lbi, I"'per (Preporation for Wind Tnnnel Model To,hng and Vorificalion of Cal Poly', AMELIA 10 Foot Span
Hybrid Wins_Body low Noi.. CESTOl Aircrafl) for a full description th, progre" of lhe lorge-,caie wind tunnel
test along with the experimen",1 kchuiquo, lhal will be employed during the leat, Plea.. ,ee Ref,. 19-24 fot m<lr.
d.tail, on lbe predioted perf<lrtnance of !hi, CESTOL .ircr.ft .long with the improvementa of lhe predictive cud.,.
II. AMELIA Design Considerations
NASA is oommitted to idenlifying ,olution, lbal meet improvement go.l, for nol'e, eml"Ion" and enerGY u,age
(fuel bum), They have c1...ifled the 1'1+2 de,ign mettic, ... a 40% reduohon in fuel oon,umption, progress towards
-42 dB lower noi,. level" a 70% decr..... in .mi.,ion and a 50% reduotion in rteld lenglh performance ovet
ca"enl generation airenll" Thcorohoolly the airc",ft ,hould reach a Technology Readine" Levei (TRl) of 4--6 by
lhe ye", 2020, Dave Hall a, DHC Engineering ,ubmilted con0"l'lU.1 de,ign' of four ,eparote 10
.ddress the N+2 goal, wilh a down ,election by C.I Poly to f.vo",ble configuration,
A, Con.eptual De,lgns Con,ld.rad
Four CESTOl oenfigul1l1ion, were developed for consideration for rhe large-"cale wind tunnel <e,t The nrst_
Configuration I - hIlS the mo" conventional appearance, in lbal it ""'ploy' thc tube_llUd.wing I.your, This
oonfiguration utilize,. high a,peet ralio wing alonS Wilh a cruciform l.il U'ilizing OVeT the wing mounted ens in..
upper surfoce blowing i, provided, which when cnmbined with circulation conlrol allhe tr.iling edg., cr.ato, the
powered lift nece,sary for ,hon takeoff and lllrlding, The inboard ,e"ion of the wing w.. specifically Ie
enhance flow turning ability during lbe,e night ,egment" An i,ometric view of Conngu"'lion I is provided in
Pig. I.
,
American In..itute of Aeron.utlc, and A'lron.u,ic,
Figu.e I. Conflg"rotion 1 i> compri>otI of
o high o'pect rotio wing, the wing
onglne" d ..nlolion CDnt.ol at the Irailing
otIgo ood <rudfD.m t.i1.
Figure 2. Configuration 2 utilize,
hybrid blended wlog body. DVOr the wing
moonted engine". V-till .nd elrculntlon
cont.ol 0' tbe I..dlng .nd trnlllng edge of
the winga.
Dra<tically differ""t from Ibe fIrM, 'be ,eoond contlguralion
ilize, Hybrid blended_Wing_Body (HWB). Upl"" ,urface
owing coupled with lending and trailing otIge blowing fur
rculotion control provides powered lift sy,tem, The .ft fusel.ge
rmin.t.. in a tail, wherc 0 ,tructural dorsal provides
!ditional ,tructural ,upport. Configuration 2, ,hown in Fig 2,
nploy,. V_tail in conjunotion with.ft fu,elage ,trake, tu oid in
>w.ttachment.
The lhird configuration wa, inspirotl by recent in"'re" in an
"".ll utiiizlng true Blended-Wing-Body (IlWB), Thi, .i",raft
mcept is 0 signiflc.nt departure from 'he n...t!Wo .irc...ft de,ign,
thot the two rurboron engines.re embedded within the "ery thick
ing root; thi, ,an bo ,oen in Fig. 3. The e"hau't di,cbarges lhrough
high a'pect ratio 2_D nozzle at 'he t",ihng edge ufthe The
intent i, not only to produce thruM through Ibi, noule throughout
the flight but to create incre.,ed flow circul.tion .round Ibo aircraft
generating odditional lift during tekeoff and I.nding.
The flnol and most complex de,ign i, ,hown in Fig. 4, termed
the Diamo"d-Wing-Body (DWB). It m.y be Ibought of lIS a loined_
Wing wilh a venic.1 'tructural raember joining the fore .nd .ft
wings at ,he outor ''Pan poinls, Th. int.nt i, ro improve locol oir
flow aud mi'ill"to ,hock funn.liou ot high suh<onic Moch nUlOb.,...
Th,,,, veni"i mornbers orc lOOn: like wing'ip 'oil, thon winglet<
and ac' ,rructurally lIS ,truts, The forward wing ,weep' all, .nd the
aft wing ,weel" forward fonning a diamond pl.nfonn ,hop" in the
top Both wing' h.ve high .'pect ratio. The propul,ion
system i,. medium-,ized geored turbofan engine mountod within.
channel wing,
Ane, clo,e consideration of each design. it was oppOre"1 lhat
Configuration I was roo conventionol to be co"sidered 0" N+2
de,ign, Contigu",tion 4, on the olhor hand, wos roo odvonced to he
con,idered within .n N+2 timeframe, A large ,cale wind tunnel le,t,
b,ing conducled by a compoling NRA utihzed a te,t model that wo,
,imilar to Configuration 3 in that it wa,. blended wing body with
circulolion control'" Co"flgurotion 2 wos con,idered to be 01 the
.ppropriat. level fo, the N+ 2 lime frame, funher investigotions inro
thi, d.'ign al,o showed that 10' spon model based 0"
Configuration 2 would nol exceed Ibo load limil' of .11 uur
perspective test loc.tion,. After con,ulting all involved in Ibi,
projec'_ it wa, decided that Config.ration 2-the Hybrid blended_
Flg.... 4. CaoneuraUon 4 .UUze. hlgb
Figgn 3. Configuration 3 i> cample'e blend,d wing body
a.pect ratl. wing, In 0 diamand wing
witb embedded engin ...
cnnngacoUon.
,
Ameri""n In,titute of Aerou.u,ic, .nd A,tron.u,ic,
Wing-Boxly-was best ,ulted for the AMELIA le,t. Figure 5 ,hows. rendering of Configuralion 2 In I1lghl 'fter
Figure 5. The fin.! de,lgn l r o t l o ~ of Conflgurollon Z; AME:LIA'. rull ole concepluol model in flighl
ohove HowolL
many de'ign refin.menl iteralions,
B. AMI1UA De.lgn Feoluro.
In order to uliH,e lhc Configurotlon 2 gc.,metry in a large_,,,,,le wind tunnel I." ,"'ting, many de'ign
modifi""tion' were needed. The mo,t 'ignlfi'anl .iterolion 10 the geometry came in tho monnling 'y,tom of lhe
wind runnel model. A ,ting wo-' cho,en .. the ideal melhod to meo,ure aerodynamio fo",e'!IIId momont" mainly for
its ability to lake measurements non-inlru,iveiy. Dire<! mounting .,f Iho modd 10 lho 'ling lhrongh lhe .ft end r.i,ed
ooncern, with di,rurblng lhe fiow "",uod the be.ver tail, An underbody mount was d"'igoed to provide .n
anachment lo""tlon with minim.i flow disturbance, The mount I, faired with a clllffi,hell hl.d. th.t extend,
vertically from the Sling tip. Tho blado mounl al,o 'o<\'c, to .xtend the n.galive angle of attach limit. Figur. 6 ,how,
lhr view drawing of Iho model mounted to the blade attachmenl wilh .mpennage removed and relevant
dimen'ion' ,hown, The tail empenn.ge i' not 'hown in the three-view beeouse it will not be attached 10 thc mod.1
during tho majority of lhe tesling, due to the fael th'l the moin focu, of tho le,ting i, on ae"""'oustk .nd
aerodynamic meoauremenlS of the power lift 'ystem, Tho ,ttak.., siruerural rudder and V_tail as ,eon in Fig. ~ were
monuf,clu",d in order to 'npplomenl ,uhscqn.nt ..",arch and te't;ng, The.. ,urfo<e' .'tach to the model via off
blocks.
The 'elected configuralion ulillzes an oplimized supe",riti,al airfoil"'" with a dual radiu, fiap .1 lhe lroillng
edge", In order 10 minlmi>. cost and compl""ity of Ihe model. dual radius flap, of 0". )0', 60' .nd 90 deflecllon'
were proposed 10 be manufactured, as oppo>ed tn a mochanio.1 nap where tho defleclion angle can be valied. The
90' fiap defleolion wa, I.let chonged to SO' due to I"ue, Wilh tho mannfacturing of the flap with tho appropri.le
blowing .101 height Th. flap' of the Conflguratlon 2 deslQn were .1", modified to be a singl. cont;nuou, fi.p for
each wing, iu order to redn" the .mounl of flow dlsturbonee from disconlinuities of tho flap surf". as well a,
.llowing for less complkated cOnfiguralion chonQe, while lhe taodol i, monnted on the sting. A cut away ,'iew of
the model, wilh the 0" and SO fl.p, i, 'hown in fig, 7. figure 7 .1'0 highlight, many of AMELIA', unique
f.atnr.., ,uoh oa the internal fiow control ,ystems.'he balance block. ,nd Ih. ,upport structure for the over the wing
monnted engine'.
,
Amer;can [nSliNte or Aeron.ulicnd Amon.utic,
---
Ct:1
r
'Nota: All Dimensions In InGhas
F l g u r ~ 6. A three-view drawing of AMELIA wlIb 'ling-blade attacbment and loll'o,ro. remo.ed.
~
,.<
....... , .,,"'-
"I \ -,"'
\: -.......
_.. :
Figure 7. A .lion ,lew.r AMELIA. reve.llng lhe eomllle, loternol components highlightlng the now oy.tem
for Ih. powe",d lift sy'lem and tb. flow_though balonce.
C. Hlgb and Low P,.",ure Air System.
Plumbing for pre....ureized-hted .ir enlet> lbe mudd though the ,ting_bl.de attachment ,,"pplyinS the
noce,sary high .nd lower pressure .ir fot lb. powCTCd lift system. The lorger blue fixture ,hown at the bnMm afthc
,
American In'lito," of Aeronautic, and A,tronautic,
",hematic in Fig, 7 i. Ibe entry p"'inl for Ihe high_pressure air reqnircd to p"'wer rhe Turnine Propul,ion Simulator
(TPS) units, Thi, .y,tem (WO p,i maximum detennined by lhe limits of the flow through balance provided by the
Triumph Group) fust l",vel' through lhe NFAC provided ,ting inlo lhe fabrio'led .ting-blede .I!lIchment making
two approximately 900 lum, before entering the 8" flow lhough balance. On lhe down'tream ,ide of lhe balanco a
'eparate now control plonum and ,y'l<m regulates the air n"w 10 the len and right TPS uni", The airflow i.
adjusted using conical plugs that can he remotely controlled while the tunnel i, in operation. The eonic.1 plugs ",e
driven using MMP 24vde geennotora, and use linear p"'lenliomete" for position feedback, The plugs can be
po.itioned to provide from 0-1 00% mass fl"w, The TPS unil n"w i' supplied thtough stainl.., ,teel pipes th.toltach
to wing mounted pylon,. Figure 8. ,ho",," lhe complete piping and rna" flow control plenum for lhe high pressure
.ir system along with the .hng_blade attachment while 8b i' a head on view of the downslream flow control 'Y'lem
highlighling the ,taggered plumping layout necessary to rout the pressurized line to each of Ihe TPS units
Figure 8. A schemolle af the higb p"""u"" aie 'y,I<m where (aJ ,bow. tb. complete .y.tem fTom ",odel
eotry to t ~ TPS onlts ond (b) .how. 0 bead 00 view of ~ down!<lTO.m m... now control oy.tem.
ThelDw pre"u,e ,y,tem (.pproximately 100 p,i) will be u,ed to ,upply the air lQ lhe plenum' that feed the ,loIS
.tthe Iding 'nd tri.Hng edge' for the cireul'hon conlrol wing. This 'Y'tem i. fed via. pipe anached to the
underside oflhc Sling enn, which '"nneclS to the blode booy. Air tr,vol, up the blade where it i' ,plil inlO Ihe left
aod right wings allowing for lhc ,,,nve,,ion ohnn_ruelric to metric In be mode though .two bellow' 'yslem. Ooce
the now beoome, metric 00 CllCh wing the ei' i' di'p=ed into low pre"ure plenum, ,hown purple In Fig. 9. end %.
Each low pre"ure plenum con,i'l' of foar bUlterfly volve, ,,,nlroll.d vi. 24vdc geor moto", wilh rotary po" for
fdbock allowing CllCh of lhe 'lot plenum, ,eparote flow oonlrul from 0-100%, The now to each 'lot pleoum, will
be remolely controlled allowing for quick re'p"'n,e time doring tunnel operotinn.
Flgo", 9. A .ehem.tlc ortbe l,.w pr...uTO oir ,yem w ~ .. (a) .how, tbe 'olllpleto oy,tom for 'he left wioe
IncludIng the plenolll' and pluIIIPlng thouglrt be ollog blade oltlleb",eot and (b) ,how. ~ .t""tnTe fnr the
totemol mO" now cootTol .yO/em foe each of the fOOT ,Jot plenu",. In ~ teft wiog.
o
Amerkan In,tiMe of Aeronaulic. aod Aslronaulic,
D. Turbine Propub.ion SimulatOr!
The tmbine propul,ion ,imulaw.. were incorporated in the wind lunnel mudol IlS an atlempt to replicale the
e.hau", flow of a rurbofan One of the primOI)' re'eorch ubjt, in thi, inve,tig.tion i, the obility to enlrain
engine exhau't from uwer ,urfoce bloWing with the fluw from the oirculation oontrol wing. A, 0 mean, to evaiuate
thi, ontrainmenl obi lily, two .op.rate ongine heights will he inve"igoted during te'ling. lleighl odjustmonts will be
completod u'ing faired ,truotural pylon . The,. pylon. al'o oct a, pressure vessel' within which tho high
I"""uro .ir i. fed to the TPS unit,. Allering Ihe model for engine height .djustments is proje<ted to be the mo,t time
con'nming modification and therefore will be kepi to a minimum 10 decre... lime in tbo tnnnei.
The mmin. propnl'ion simulators are TDI model 441 ,imul.tors on lo.n from NASA Langley. lnlomallo tho
44 L ccmpressed air pow"" a thr.. stag. luTbine. which driv.,
the two 'loge fan. The unit, aro capable of producing 175 Ib' of
thru,t, ot 6" Ibis total rna" flow rale. The TPS unit, are heavily
in,trumonted with thennoconpl.., total probe" and 'totic pon"
an ocool.romeler, and 0 RPM pick-up in order I<> pennit
Ihorough health monil<>rlng during te'ling. In the cose of a TPS
unit failure, on. back-up TPS unit ha' 01'0 been reconditioned
and will bu flaud with a nacelle .nd in.trumentation.
Addilionally, the TPS will never be op..atod .t its maximum
oper.ting conditiou; it i' proje<ted thai the rulllling tho unil. ala
derole<! value (aWtoximalcly 80%) will exlond the lifo af each
unit
C.I Poly h.s obtained the right, ID barrow a controller from
NASA Arne. comp.lible with the 441 TPS unil'. The ,"ntroUer
i, LahV1EW based .nd will be capable of oporoting two TPS
units simultaneou,iy, The controlier 'hould be functional be
early 2011. A b.,ic overview of the ""nlroller wiring i, given
here; the ,imul.lor be.ring Ihormocouple leads, rpm lead" .nd
.cceleromeler lead. for tha Iwo ,imulato.. i, connected I<> a"
analog input caT<! through to tha front of lhe con'ole, A oil
now ,ignal and an oil flow control line ITom a ,epar...
lubricalion cart i, connected to the conwle. The con'ole
provide' two output lead, that <an be u,.d to trigger 'hutdown
of an external air supply ,ystem if health IimilO .re e,co.ded.
Figure 1U. A photog....ph ofth. Model 441 TPS
During nominal operotion, dedicated person.1 will ,el the air
Doit In'IoUed io th. noc.lI. mounted OR
""pply pressure as a function of rpm .nd will romain in the loop
AMELIA.
while tho TPS i' in operotion as Ibe 'afoty OffiCOT.
E, Clrculotion Control Plenums
Ci"'nlolion control flow i. delivered to the upper surfaoo of the wing vi. eight ..p.rote plenum' at thc leading
.nd trailing edges. Supplied by the low pre"ure ,y,tem, eoeh pl""um h one small on"ance which oreate, an
un,ven pre,...re di'lribution and vorticuiar flow. In order 10 reduce Ihi. complex flow, , thin portition of aluminum
foam i, u,cd a, a flow slraightener and a mun, to .chieve con'lanl b.ck pressure alung the length of the plenum.
Downstreom of the oluminum foam i' a <onverging nozzl. The throat uf Ihe nozzlo vari.. in ,ize (proportionally
with the plenum) alons the ,panwi,e direction. Each 'lot plenum is in'ttumenled wilh three pitol probes to mea,ore
the intern.1 pres...rel<> in,ure pienum i' ot con"'nl i="nrc during operation. Figure II ,how,. Cro" 'ection of
the leading and edge plenum, with Ihe melal fuom plElCemen' for scale,
In the put oiroulatlon controi exp.rim.nt, have had i"uo, with accnralely predkti"g the flow has be.n precl,e
knowledge of the ,lot height under pressure, The height of the circulation control slo' i, an Imponant foetor in the
caknlation of momentum coefficient, which i' u,ed in ,ircul'lion <ontrol.naly,i,. Valu., for 'lot height aro
typi<ally known to ,ufficient fod.lity po'l m.nufueruring, howev.. under I"""ore slot height can vary by ia<ge
f.ctor. Sue"ful .pplication of. capacit.nce bo,.d ,101 heighl mOllSurement device at NASA Glenn, lead uS to
boliovo th.t this technique may work well for the AMELIA mudd", well. The devi is called the C.pucitec
GAPMAN, and utili .... flexible wand, which can be laped to the I"""or ,urfuee of the ,Iot/upp.t 'urfoco of the flap
'0 that m....urem.nts can b. mode dnring losling. The calibratio" will include. thorough inv.stigation of Ihe use of
,
American In,lilute uf Aeronaulics ""d Astronautic,
.Iumlnum foom 10 provide flow ,tr.ightening and unifonn pressure, Each plenum will be calibrated "nd pre..urized
'eparately, Wilh the model aniving 0' Col Poly in the next monlh, one oftbe top priorities willl>e c.libration of tho
,lot flaw.
Flgur< 11, A ,ehematlo ,hawiag tbe era.. ,00liOD "r (a) the Idlng and (b) the "ailing odg. pleDam,
higbligbting th. me.1 room Row ,tralghter plooem.at.
F. F1ow.Tbroagh Bolonoe
The MC_130_8.0()'Ai oi, b.lanoe wHi be utilized for thc large ,calo wind lunnel test, The bolance i, being
provided and calibrated by the Triumpb Group, Thi, p.rticular balonce i, o.p.ble of opernting wltb two ,epat.1e
flow sy'lem, at a maximum of 13 lbl"1 600 p,i. AMELIA will be utilizing only one Row .y'tem for the high
pre"ure portion of the p<lwered lill T.ble I details the original maximum aUow.blo load' lor the MC- j)().
8.00-Ai .ir bal.nce, where an expo'<cd lo.d, fot AMELIA are within the .1I0woble limi",
I. Orlgiaal 'peclficolion, fa, the b.lonee cared copociti.. (m.asured at lb. eente,
of tbe boloneel
Normal Pitchin Side Yawin Rollin Axial
Force (NFl

Force (SFI
Mr;Me)nt
Force I AF'
ce, in-Ibs ce, in-Ibs in-Ibs ce,
13 000 107 250 3000 18000 32000
'"
III. AMELIA InstrumentatiOD
Tho purpose of AMELIA i, to provide both ""roaoaustie and .erodyn.mic mea,u,ement, 10 be used fnr current
and future modohng v.lid'tlon efforts. Therefore it', imperative th.. tho mDdel be highiy in'tmmented in orde, to
oopture the m""imum amoUn, of flow phy,lc, possible foe our given budgot and timohne. Almost all in'tmment.,ion
plaooment occurs on the len wins ,nd wa, chosen ba,ed on preiiminary CFD re,uils. Figure 12 I," h.lf-,pan
,cbematic of the modei iliu,trating thc rel..ivc placement of the 't.tic pre"ure po", .nd unsteedy pt.",ure
lnln,ducers, The model is in'tTUmented with 230 .lIltie pressure ports in fLve cbordwi,e group. and one 'panwi..
group (highlighted In red in Fig. 12), The flve chodewi.. ioe.tion, wore ,hoso in ordot to inve'tlgate flow over tbe
Wing 'tarting from the mo.t inbo.cd ,e",ion,., faliows: Bultline (BLl 118 capture' the Interaction, between the
fu,e1age and wing, ilL 240 investigate, the flow down,tre.m of the ongine plane, ilL ,bould capture the
flow ovcr the wing with the le.,t .mount of inboard or outboard dfeots, .nd BL 63& and 642 are po'itioned c1o,e to
one .nother for. direct compori,on of preasure di'tribution on the outbo.rd section of tho wing with "nd witbout
citcul.tion conl.ol. The 8 un,teady pre,su,e """sduc." wore pl.ced suoh thai the cabin noi,e and the winS
intelllction down'tream of the engine exit piane c.n b. "utliod,
Five "otic pre"ure port,.re loo.ted un tho right wing in ordet to vetify symmetry in the pre"ure di,tribution.
The right haif of the modei was intontionany loll as unln'tTUmented a, possible to .now foe glohal skin friction
me..urement, u,ing FTSF. for moro infonnaliun .00UI thi, technique for AMELIA ple..e ,efer to Part 2:
Prepa"'tion for Wind Tunnol Mudd Testing .nd VerifLe.lion of Cal Poly', AMELIA 10 Foot Span Hybrid Wing.
Body Low Noi", CESTOL Airoralll.
American Institute of Aeronauti" and A'tronantics "
Flgu ... U. A hemutic .howlng IU .<wroal lo,.lion. 01 tbe .totle p.....ur. port. and the un.teldy pre"u...
teIR.duee...
IV. AMELIA fabrication
Patersonlobs. Ino. oompeted ond won the oontact to manot'cture the 10 It ,pan model, Fabrication of the m<>del
'tated in the second yea, of tho project and it i, projected that tho modd will be completed by the end of J!\OU"'" of
2011. Currentiy PoteT<onlab" Inc. hoo eompleted machining all elemenl. of the modei, inclnding .11 outer mold
lin.., tho high and low pressure .ir ')IS<om, aU intern.i plumbing h.d he"" rouled, olt statie pressure topnd
un,toady pressure pons h,ve be"" in.talled, all n.." hove boen in,trumented, and with the nacell.. for the TPS,
Figure 13 ,how. photograph, of AMELIA hofon: !\Od after the paint without the nacelles in'talled. Figure 14 .how.
the low and high pressure .lr control .y,tem., respectively, Currently, AMELIA i. undorgoin8 hydro'totic proof
te"ing, awaiting eomplelion it wii! receive one mOre coat of p.int, and the final "'0" an"lysi, will be delivered 'n
Col Poly also by the end of January, Cal Poly ha:l been receiving regular progre.. rep<nta from P",,,onl.b,. Inc and
i, in oo."tonl eommunication regarding manufocturing pro= and need"
<
~ i
Figure 13. Photograph, AMELIA (I) before piiol wJlh oullhe TPS nlcell.. Installed and (b) paInted in it.
nnol <onnguratlon withonl tb. TFS na..,ll.. In.talled.
,
American [nslitute of Aero".utic' lUId A'tronautic.
Figu.e 14. Photog'Dph, of iote"DI po..ered Uft (D) the lD" p.essure vDlve rD' leDding edge
,101 pl.nom eDntrDI Dod (b) Ibe hlgh pressure ruD" now <onlrol rDr the left Dod right TPS uul"'.
A<knDldg.menl'
This wmk .."' funded ., pan ofa NASA Re,eo",h Announcement award nndor Conttact #NNL07 with
Craig HllDgo 8IId CHf Horne .. the technical monitors. The authors wi.h to thank an of the 'tudent' who have
panicipatod in this work '0 far; lbeir hard work and dedication have be,n invaluahlo to this ro..aroh,
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