Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is a common medical condition which involves

the bleeding of gastro intestinal tract which is indicated by vomiting of blood

streaks (hematemesis) and excretion of black, tarry stools (melena). This is common
among men who are older especially those who have the penchant for alcohol drinking.
The most common cause of the bleeding of the upper gastrointestinal tract is
ulcer or peptic ulcer where lacerations occur in the internal surface of the intestines
when they hit each other. Other causes of UGIB included the small vascular
malformation of the gut (angiodysplasia), an abnormal mass of tissue due to the
abnormal proliferation of cells (neoplasms), and Hemorrhage in bile (hemobilia).
In the Philippines, most of the leading health care institution has a
Gastroenterology and Nutrition department or section, where Upper Gastrointestinal
Bleeding is treated. This included the University of Philippines General Hospital (UP
PGH), St. Lukes Medical Center and the UST (University of Sto. Tomas) hospital.
Peptic ulcer disease refers to painful sores or ulcers in the lining of the stomach
or first part of the small intestine, called the duodenum. A peptic ulcer is a sore in the
inner lining of the stomach or upper small intestine (duodenum). Ulcers develop when
the intestine or stomach's protective layer is broken down. When this happens, digestive
juices can damage the intestine or stomach tissue. These strong juices, which contain
hydrochloric acid and an enzyme called pepsin, also can injure the esophagus. The
esophagus is the tube that leads from your throat to your stomach. Peptic ulcers are no
longer a condition that most people have to live with their entire lives. Treatment cures
most ulcers, and symptoms go away quickly. Peptic ulcers that form in the stomach are
called gastric ulcers. Those that form in the upper small intestine are called duodenal
ulcers.
According to the latest WHO data published in April 2011 Peptic Ulcer Disease
Deaths in Philippines reached 7,423 or 1.76% of total deaths. The age adjusted Death
Rate is 14.83 per 100,000 of population ranks Philippines #2 in the world. Review other
causes of death by clicking the links below or choose the full health profile.
Upper gastrointestinal (UGI) bleeding secondary to peptic ulcer disease is a
common medical condition that results in high patient morbidity and medical care costs.
While the majority of patients with bleeding peptic ulcers will stop bleeding
spontaneously and not rebleed during hospitalization, a subgroup of patients is at high-
risk for recurrent hemorrhage and requires endoscopic therapy to decrease this risk. If
endoscopic therapy fails, interventional angiography or surgery may be required.




http://www.allaboutdiabetes.net/upper-gastrointestinal-bleeding-ugib/
http://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/digestive-diseases-peptic-ulcer-disease
http://answers.webmd.com/answers/1192149/what-is-a-peptic-ulcer
http://www.worldlifeexpectancy.com/philippines-peptic-ulcer-disease
http://www.uptodate.com/contents/overview-of-the-treatment-of-bleeding-peptic-ulcers