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Title: Fritiofs Saga

Author: Esaias Tegner

Release Date: July, 2005 [EBook #8518]

[Yes, we are more than one year ahead of schedule]
[This file was first posted on July 18, 2003]

Edition: 10

Language: Swedish

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*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK FRITIOFS SAGA ***

Produced by David Starner, Tapio Riikonen

and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team

FRITIOFS SAGA

BY
ESAIAS TEGN�R

Introduction, Bibliography, Notes, and Vocabulary _Edited by_

ANDREW A. STOMBERG
PREFACE.

Ever since the establishment, many years ago, of courses in Swedish in a

few American colleges and universities the need of Swedish texts,
supplied with vocabularies and explanatory notes after the model of the
numerous excellent German and French editions, has been keenly felt.
This need has become particularly pressing the last three years during
which Swedish has been added to the curricula of a large number of high
schools. The teachers in Swedish in these high schools as well as in
colleges and universities have been greatly handicapped in their work by
the lack of properly edited texts. It is clearly essential to the success
of their endeavor to create an interest in the Swedish language and its
literature, at the same time maintaining standards of scholarship that
are on a level with those maintained by other modern foreign language
departments, that a plentiful and varied supply of text material be
furnished. The present edition of Tegn�r's Fritiofs Saga aims to be a
modest contribution to the series of Swedish texts that in the most
recent years have been published in response to this urgent demand.

Sweden has since the days of Tegn�r been prolific in the creation of
virile and wholesome literary masterpieces, but Fritiofs Saga by Tegn�r
is still quite generally accorded the foremost place among the literary
products of the nation. Tegn�r is still hailed as the prince of Swedish
song by an admiring people and Fritiofs Saga remains, in popular
estimation at least, the grand national epic.

Fritiofs Saga has appeared in a larger number of editions than any other
Scandinavian work with the possible exception of Hans Christian
Andersen's Fairy Tales. It has been translated into fourteen European
languages, and the different English translations alone number
approximately twenty. In German the number is almost as high. Several
school editions having explanatory notes have appeared in Swedish and in
1909 Dr. George T. Flom, Professor of Scandinavian Languages and
Literature of the University of Illinois edited a text with introduction,
bibliography and explanatory notes in English, designed for use in
American colleges and universities, but the present edition is the first
one, as far as the editor is aware, to appear with an English vocabulary.

Fritiofs Saga abounds in mythological names and terms, as well as in

idiomatic expressions, and the preparation of the explanatory notes has
therefore been a perplexing task. A fairly complete statement under each
mythological reference would in the aggregate reach the proportions of a
treatise on Norse mythology, but the limitations of space made such
elaboration impossible. While brevity of expression has thus been the
hard rule imposed by the necessity of keeping within bounds, it is hoped
that the notes may nevertheless be found reasonably adequate in
explaining the text. Many mythological names occur frequently and in
different parts of the text, and as constant cross references in the
notes would likely be found monotonous, an effort has been made to
facilitate the matter of consulting and reviewing explanatory statements
for these terms by adding an index table.

It has not been thought necessary or desirable to translate many

idiomatic expressions in the text, as the vocabulary ought to enable the
student, without the assistance of a lavish supply of notes, to get at
the meaning. It would seem that the study of a foreign text would be most
stimulating and invigorating to a student, if he himself be given a
chance to wrestle with difficult sentences.

The introduction that precedes the text makes no pretension of being

anything more than an attempt to state in broad outline the salient facts
in the life of Tegn�r and in the genesis and development of the Fritiofs
Saga theme.

The text in the present edition has been modernized to conform with the
orthography officially adopted in Sweden in 1906.

This new edition of the great masterpiece is accompanied by the editor's

sincere hope that it may in a measure at least serve to create an
increased interest in the study of the sonorous Swedish language and its
rich literature and give a clearer conception of the seriousness and
strength of Swedish character.

The book owes much to the kindly suggestions and corrections of those
who have examined it in proof or manuscript. Special acknowledgment is
due Professor A. Louis Elmquist of Northwestern University, who carefully
revised the vocabulary, and to Mr. E. W. Olson of Rock Island, Ill.,
whose accuracy and scholarship has been of invaluable assistance
throughout.

University of Minnesota, December, 1913.

A. A. S.

INTRODUCTION.

I.

In the personality of Esaias Tegn�r the vigor and idealism of the

Swedish people find their completest and most brilliant incarnation. A
deep love of the grandeurs of nature, keen delight in adventure and
daring deeds, a charming juvenility of spirit that at least in the prime
of his life caused him to battle bravely and hopefully for great ideas, a
clearness of perception and integrity of purpose that abhor shams and
narrow prejudices and with reckless frankness denounce evils and abuses,
a disposition tending at times to brooding and melancholy, all these
elements, combined in Tegn�r, have made him the idealized type of the
Swedish people. He was cast in a heroic mold and his countrymen continue
to regard him as the completed embodiment of their national ideals. And
in the same measure that Tegn�r stands forth as an expression of Swedish
race characteristics it may be said that Fritiofs Saga is the
quintessence of his own sentiments and ideals.

Tegn�r, according to his own words, "was born and reared in a remote
mountain region where nature herself composes noble but wild music, and
where the ancient gods apparently still wander about on winter evenings."
His ancestry went back for several generations through the sturdy bonde
class, though his father was a preacher and his mother the daughter of a
preacher. The father's people dwelt in the province of Sm�land and the
mother's ancestors had lived in the picturesque province of V�rmland. The
future poet was born on the 13 of November, 1782, at Kyrkerud, V�rmland,
his father holding a benefice in that province. While he was yet a mere
child of nine the father died and the family was left in poverty. A
friend of the Tegn�r family, the judicial officer Branting, gave the
young Esaias a home in his house. The lad soon wrote a good hand and was
given a desk and a high, three-legged chair in the office. Branting took
a fancy to the young clerk and soon fell into the habit of inviting him
to accompany the master upon the many official journeys that had to be
made through the bailiwick. Thus Esaias came to see the glories of nature
in his native province, and deep and lasting impressions were left upon
his mind. His quick imagination was further stirred by the heroic sagas
of the North, in the reading of which he at times became so absorbed that
the flight of the hours or the passing events were entirely unnoticed by
him.

Branting, who had become convinced that his young clerk was by nature
endowed for a much higher station than a lowly clerkship offered,
generously provided Esaias with an opportunity for systematic study. In
1796 he wrote a good friend in whose home an elder brother of Esaias was
then acting as tutor, suggesting that the younger brother be given a home
there also and thus have the advantage of the brother's tutelage. A ready
acquiescence meeting this proposal, Esaias now went to Malma, the home of
Captain L�wenhjelm, and at once plunged into the study of Latin, French
and Greek under the brother's guidance. Independently of the instructor
he at the same time acquired a knowledge of English and read principally
the poems of Ossian, which greatly delighted him.

The following year the elder brother accepted a more profitable position
as tutor in the family of the great iron manufacturer Myhrman at R�men in
V�rmland and thither Esaias accompanied him. Here he could drink deep
from the fountain of knowledge for at R�men he found a fine library of
French, Latin and Greek classics. He worked prodigiously and this,
coupled with a remarkably retentive memory, enabled him to make
remarkably rapid progress in his studies. He would have remained in the
library all the time poring over his dear classic authors but for the
fortunate intervention of the young members of the Myhrman family, seven
in all, who frequently would storm into his room and carry him off by
sheer force to their boisterous frolics. To one of these playmates, Anna
Myhrman, the youngest daughter of the family, he soon became attached by
the tender ties of love.

In 1799 Tegn�r was enabled, through the generosity of Branting and

Myhrman, to repair to Lund and enter the university of that place. Here
he made a brilliant record as a student, particularly in the classics,
and after three years he was awarded the master's degree. In recognition
of his remarkable scholarship he was soon after made instructor in
aesthetics, secretary to the faculty of philosophy and assistant
librarian. In 1806 he claimed Anna Myhrman as his bride.

We have the testimony of Tegn�r himself that already as a child he began

to write poetry, in fact these efforts began so early in his life that he
could not remember when he for the first time exercised the power that
later was to win him an abiding fame. As early as his clerkship days in
the office of Branting he wrote a poem in Alexandrine verse with the
subject taken from the Old Norse sagas. His numerous productions before
1808 attracted little attention and failed to get any prize for the
young author. But in the above mentioned year he sprang into immediate
popularity by the stirring "War Song of the Scanian Reserves" (Krigss�ng
f�r sk�nska lantv�rnet), the Marseillaise of the Swedish nation. Sweden
had just suffered great reverses in war, her very existence as an
independent power seemed to hang in the balance, and confusion and
discouragement were evident on every hand. Then came Tegn�r's patriotic
bugle blast, stirring the nation to renewed hope and courage. Speaking
of this poem Professor Boyesen says: "As long as we have wars we must
have martial bards and with the exception of the German Theodore K�rner
I know none who can bear comparison with Tegn�r. English literature can
certainly boast no war poem which would not be drowned in the mighty
music of Tegn�r's 'Svea', 'The Scanian Reserves', and that magnificent
dithyrambic declamation, 'King Charles, the Young Hero'. Tennyson's
'Charge of the Light Brigade' is technically a finer poem than anything
Tegn�r has written, but it lacks the deep, virile bass, the tremendous
volume of breath and voice, and the captivating martial lilt which makes
the heart beat willy nilly to the rhythm of the verse" (Essays on
Scandinavian Literature, 233).

The ability evinced by Tegn�r as an instructor, but principally the

enthusiasm aroused by his "Song to the Scanian Reserves", gave him in
1810 a call to the Greek professorship at Lund. He did not, however,
enter into this position until 1812.

In the meantime Tegn�r had given to his native land the solemn didactic
poem "Svea". In stately Alexandrine verse he scathingly rebukes his
countrymen for their foolish aping after foreign manners and depending
on foreign goods to satisfy their desires. The people, says the poet, can
become strong again only by a return to the simple life and homely
virtues of the great past. Not on the arena of war but through faithful
endeavor in industry, science and art may the Swedish people restore to
their fatherland its former power and glory. As though transported by
this noble thought into a state of ecstasy, the bard then, in the
concluding portion of the poem, pictures in magnificent dithyrambic song
the titanic struggle that ensues and enthrones Peace as the beneficent
ruler of the land. "Svea" won the prize of the Swedish Academy and firmly
established Tegn�r in the affection of his countrymen.

The most productive and brilliant period of Tegn�r's literary activity is

contemporaneous with his incumbency of the Greek professorship at Lund
(1812-1824). In this period he enriches Swedish literature with a series
of lyrics which still rank among the best both in point of lucidity of
thought and brilliance of diction. Only a few that stand out most
prominently in a list of about one hundred poems from this period can
receive mention here.

The intolerance and bitterness of the reaction that followed close upon
the downfall of Napoleon and found its cruel instrument of oppression in
the Holy Alliance aroused the bitter opposition of Tegn�r. His vision was
not obscured, a fate that befell so many in that day, but he saw clearly
the nobility and necessity of tolerance, freedom and democracy. It is to
the great glory of Tegn�r that he consistently used his brilliant powers
in battling against the advancing forces of obscurantism and tyranny. His
enlightened and humanitarian ideas find a beautiful utterance in the
poem "Tolerance" (F�rdragsamhet) which dates from 1808, but later was
rewritten and appeared under the title "Voices of Peace" (Fridsr�ster).
In "The Awakened Eagle" (Den vaknade �rnen), 1815, he celebrates the
return of Napoleon from Elba, The Union of Norway and Sweden stirs
Tegn�r to write a poem "Nore", a high-minded protest against politics of
aggression and a plea for justice and a spirit of fraternity.

In "The New Year 1816" (Ny�ret 1816) he scores the Holy Alliance in
bitter and sarcastic terms. The liberal ideas of Tegn�r are further
elucidated in a famous address, delivered in 1817 at the celebration of
the three hundredth anniversary of the Lutheran Reformation. In this
event the poet saw the unfolding of the great forces that led to the
spiritual and intellectual emancipation of man, and ushered in a new era
of freedom and progress. The reactionaries in the realm of literature
become the object of his attack in "Epilogue at the Master's
Presentation" (Epilog vid magisterpromotionen). Other poems of this
period, as "The Children of the Lord's Supper" (Nattvardsbarnen),
admirably translated by Longfellow, "Axel", the tragic tale of one of the
warriors of Charles XII., and his fair Russian bride, "Karl XII", which
breathes the defiant spirit not only of the hero king but of the nation,
"Address to the Sun" (S�ng till solen), an eloquent eulogy to the
marvelous beauty of the King of Day, merely served to establish Tegn�r
more firmly in the affection of the people. But his fame was to be placed
on a still firmer foundation when the greatest creation of his fertile
mind, Fritiofs Saga, appeared.

II.

The genesis of Fritiofs Saga is to be found partly in the renascence of a

strong national sentiment in Sweden after the disastrous wars and loss of
Finland, early in the nineteenth century, partly in Tegn�r's personality
and in his profound knowledge and warm admiration of the Old Norse sagas.
We have seen how already as a boy he had read the sagas with keen zest
and even tried his hand at a heroic poem in stately Alexandrine verse.

To the thoughtful minds of that day it seemed clear that the cause of
Sweden's misfortunes was to be found in her loss of a strong manhood, due
to a senseless readiness in adopting enervating foreign customs and to a
fatal relaxation in morals. In 1811 a handful of enthusiastic students,
mostly from Tegn�r's native province of V�rmland, formed the Gothic Union
(G�tiska f�rbundet) for the purpose of working with united efforts for
the regeneration of the nation. This, they believed, could best be
achieved by reviving the memories of the old Goths, merely another name
for the people of the Saga period, which in turn would help to bring back
the vigorous integrity and dauntless courage of the past. The ancient
sagas must therefore be popularized.

Tegn�r, who already in his "Svea" had bewailed the loss of national power
and urged his people to become independent and strong again, joined the
Gothic Union, at the same time expressing his disapproval of a too
pronounced and narrow-minded imitation of old Gothic life and thought.
Erik Gustaf Geijer, the great historian and poet, also a native of
V�rmland and in power of mind and loftiness of ideals almost the peer of
Tegn�r, published in Iduna, the organ of the Gothic Union, a few poems
that faithfully reproduce the old Northern spirit and in strength and
simplicity stand almost unsurpassed. An extremist in the camp was Per
Henrik Ling, an ardent patriot, who, inspired by Danish and German
Romanticism, would rehabilitate the nation by setting before it in a
series of epics the strong virtues of the past, albeit that these often
appeared in uncouth and brutal forms. For the physical improvement of
his countrymen Ling worked out a scientific system of exercise, and
though his epics were failures, largely because they set up coarse models
for an age that aesthetically had risen superior to them, his system of
physical training entitles him to an honored place among the great men of
Scandinavia.

Tegner had been greatly grieved at Ling's literary mistakes. It seemed

to him deplorable that a worthy cause should be doomed to ignominious
failure just because unskilled hands had undertaken to do the work. This
feeling prompted him to undertake the writing of a great epic based on
the old sagas, but excluding their crudities. But it would be a mistake
to think that this was the only force that impelled him to write. Tegn�r
has now reached the heyday of his wonderful poetic powers and he must
give expression to the great ideas that stir his soul. And so he proceeds
to paint a picture of Fritiof the Bold and his times. The great Danish
poet Oehlenschl�ger had already published "Helge", an Old Norse cycle of
poems which Tegn�r warmly admired. This poem revealed to him the
possibilities of the old saga themes in the hands of a master.

Fritiofs Saga did not appear as a completed work at first, but merely in
installments of a certain number of cantos at a time and these not in
consecutive order. In the summer of 1820, cantos 16-19, being the first
installments or "fragments," as Tegn�r himself called them, appeared in
Iduna; the five concluding cantos were completed and published two years
later, and not until then did the poet proceed to write the first part.
The work was finally completed in 1825.

Although the first cantos published had received a most enthusiastic

reception on the part of the people and won unstinted praise from most of
the great literary men, even from many who belonged to opposing literary
schools, an enthusiasm that grew in volume and sincerity as the
subsequent portions appeared, Tegn�r became increasingly dissatisfied and
discouraged because of the task that confronted him and the serious
defects that he saw in his creation. Tegn�r was at all times his own
severest critic and there is found in him an utter absence of vanity or
illusion. "Speaking seriously", he wrote in 1824, "I have never regarded
myself as a poet in the higher significance of the word. -- -- -- I am at
best a John the Baptist who is preparing the way for him who is to come."
[Tegn�r, Samlade Skrifter, II, 436.]

III.

As the basis for Tegn�r's epic lies the ancient story of Fritiof the
Bold, which was probably put in writing in the thirteenth century,
although the events are supposed to have transpired in the eighth
century. But Tegn�r has freely drawn material from other Old Norse sagas
and songs, and this, and not a little of his own personal experience, he
has woven into the story with the consummate skill of a master. He made
full use of his poetic license and eliminated and added, reconstructed
and embellished just as was convenient for his plan. "My object", he
says, "was to represent a poetical image of the old Northern hero age. It
was not Fritiof as an individual whom I would paint; it was the epoch of
which he was chosen as the representative." [Tegn�r, Samlade Skrifter,
II, 393.]

It was Tegn�r's firm conviction that the poet writes primarily for the
age in which he himself lives, and since he wrote for a civilized
audience he must divest Fritiof of his raw and barbarous attributes,
though still retaining a type of true Northern manhood. On this point
Tegn�r says: "It was important not to sacrifice the national, the lively,
the vigorous and the natural. There could, and ought to, blow through the
song that cold winter air, that fresh Northern wind which characterizes
so much both the climate and the temperament of the North. But neither
should the storm howl till the very quicksilver froze and all the more
tender emotions of the breast were extinguished."

"It is properly in the bearing of Fritiof's character that I have sought

the solution of this problem. The noble, the high-minded, the bold--which
is the great feature of all heroism--ought not of course to be missing
there, and sufficient material abounded both in this and many other
sagas. But together with this more general heroism, I have endeavored to
invest the character of Fritiof with something individually Northern--
that fresh-living, insolent, daring rashness which belongs, or at least
formerly belonged to the national temperament. Ingeborg says of Fritiof
(Canto 7):

'How glad, how daring, how inspired with hope,

Against the breast of norn he sets the point
Of his good sword, commanding:
"Thou shalt yield!"'

These lines contain the key to Fritiof's character and in fact to the
whole poem." [Tegn�r, Samlade Skrifter, II, p. 393. The entire treatise
is found in English translation in Andersen's Viking Tales.]

In what manner Tegn�r modernizes his story by divesting the original saga
of its grotesque and repugnant features can most readily be illustrated
in a comparison between his account of Fritiof's encounter with king
Helge in Balder's temple (Canto 13) and the original story. The latter
tells how Fritiof unceremoniously enters the temple, having first given
orders that all the king's ships should be broken to pieces, and threw
the tribute purse so violently at the king's nose that two teeth were
broken out of his mouth and he fell into a swoon in his high seat. But as
Fritiof was passing out of the temple, he saw the ring on the hand of
Helge's wife, who was warming an image of Balder by the fire. He seized
the ring on her hand, but it stuck fast and so he dragged her along the
floor toward the door and then the image fell into the fire. The wife of
Halfdan tried to come to her assistance, only to let the image she was
warming by the fire fall into the flames. As the image had previously
been anointed, the flames shot up at once and soon the whole house was
wrapped in fire. Fritiof, however, got the ring before he went away. But
as he walked out of the temple, said the people, he flung a firebrand at
the roof, so that all the house was wrapped in flames. Of the violent
feeling that, according to Tegn�r, racked Fritiof's soul as he went into
exile or of the deep sense of guilt that latter hung as a pall over his
life there is no mention in the original. Here we touch upon the most
thoroughgoing change that Tegn�r made in the character of his hero. He
invested him with a sentimentality, a disposition towards melancholy, an
accusing voice of conscience that torments his soul until full atonement
has been won, that are modern and Christian in essence and entirely
foreign to the pagan story. On this point Tegn�r: "Another peculiarity
common to the people of the North is a certain disposition for melancholy
and heaviness of spirit common to all deeper characters. Like some
elegiac key-note, its sound pervades all our old national melodies, and
generally whatever is expressive in our annals, for it is found in the
depths of the nation's heart. I have somewhere or other said of Bellman,
the most national of our poets:
 'And work the touch of gloom his brow o'shading,
A Northern minstrel-look, a grief in rosy red!'

For this melancholy, so far from opposing the fresh liveliness and
cheering vigor common to the nation, only gives them yet more strength
and elasticity. There is a certain kind of life-enjoying gladness (and of
this, public opinion has accused the French) which finally reposes on
frivolity; that of the North is built on seriousness. And therefore I
have also endeavored to develop in Fritiof somewhat of this meditative
gloom. His repentant regret at the unwilling temple fire, his scrupulous
fear of Balder (Canto 15) who--

'Sits in the sky, cloudy thoughts sending down,

Ever veiling my spirit in gloom',

and his longing for the final reconciliation and for calm within
him, are proofs not only of a religious craving, but also and still more
of a national tendency to sorrowfulness common to every serious mind, at
least in the North of Europe." [Tegn�r, Samlade Skrifter, II, p. 394.]

Tegn�r thus found it easy to justify the sentimentality that

characterizes Fritiof's love for Ingeborg, an element in Fritiofs Saga
that has been most severely condemned by the critics. To the criticism
that this love is too modern and Platonic, Tegn�r correctly answers that
reverence for the sex was from the earliest times a characteristic of the
German people so that the light and coarse view that prevailed among the
most cultivated nations of antiquity was a thing quite foreign to the
habits of the North.

Ingeborg like Fritiof is idealized by the poet although here the

departure from the original is not as wide. That delicacy of sentiment
which is inseparable from Ingeborg and guides her right in the great
crisis is not, he maintains, a trait merely of the woman of ancient
Scandinavia but is inherent in each noble female, no matter when or where
she lives. And Tegn�r, who surely was no realist after the fashion of
Strindberg, chooses to picture woman as she appears in her loveliest
forms.

The brooding and melancholy spirit that Tegn�r had infused into the soul
of Fritiof had in a large measure come from his own life. The depression
of mind that had cast its shadows over him in the years that saw the
creation of Fritiofs Saga grew steadily worse. The period that followed
immediately upon the completion of this work was filled with doubt and
despair. The explanation for this must be found partly in the insidious
progress of a physical disease, partly to a change of place and
environment. Certain hereditary tendencies, which caused him to fear that
the light of reason would desert him, also played a part in this.

In 1824 he gave up the Greek professorship at Lund to become bishop of

the diocese of V�xi� in the province of Sm�land, but the duties of the
new position were not congenial to him. The spiritual and intellectual
life of the diocese was on a low plane and Tegn�r threw himself with
tremendous earnestness into the work of reform, but the prejudice and
inertia of clergy and people stood constantly in the way. In his efforts
to purge the church of some unworthy ecclesiastics he encountered bitter
opposition and suffered some humiliations. He took a special interest in
the schools of his diocese and his many pedagogical addresses are models
in point of clearness and practical good sense.

The many and varied duties imposed on him by the episcopal office,
particularly official inspection trips, attendance upon the sessions of
the Riksdag, and serving on numerous important committees made it
impossible for Tegn�r to continue his literary activities in the manner
of his university days, but occasionally he would give to his countrymen
a literary masterpiece that showed that the brilliant mind had not been
dimmed.

His mental and physical ailments grew steadily worse and after 1840 there
came periods of insanity which expressed itself in the most chimerical
plans for travel, literary activities, and great national enterprises.
Light came to his reason again, but his strength had been permanently
broken. He died on November 2, 1846, and his body was laid to rest in the
cemetery at V�xi�, where a simple monument of marble and Swedish granite
marks his final resting place.

FRITIOFS SAGA

I.

FRITIOF OCH INGEBORG.

D�r v�xte uti Hildings g�rd 1

tv� plantor under fostrarns v�rd.
Ej Norden f�rr sett tv� s� sk�na,
de v�xte h�rligt i det gr�na.

Den ena som en ek sk�t fram, 2

och som en lans �r hennes stam;
men kronan, som i vinden sk�lver,
liksom en hj�lm sin rundel v�lver.

Den andra v�xte som en ros, 3

n�r vintern nyss har flytt sin kos;
men v�ren, som den rosen g�mmer,
i knoppen ligger �n och dr�mmer.

Men stormen skall kring jorden g�, 4

med honom brottas eken d�,
och v�rsol skall p� himmeln gl�da,
d� �ppnar rosen l�ppar r�da.

S� v�xte de i fr�jd och lek, 5

och Fritiof var den unga ek;
men rosen uti dalar gr�na
hon hette Ingeborg den sk�na.

S�g du de tv� i dagens ljus, 6

du t�nkte dig i Frejas hus,
d�r m�nget litet brudpar svingar
med gula h�r och rosenvingar.
Men s�g du dem i m�nens sken 7
kringdansa under lummig gren,
du t�nkte: Under lundens kransar
�lvkungen med sin drottning dansar.

Det var s� glatt, det var s� k�rt, 8

n�r han sin f�rsta runa l�rt.
En kung var ej som han i �ra;
den runan fick han Ingborg l�ra.

Hur gl�ttigt sam han i sin slup 9

med henne �ver m�rkbl� djup!
Hur hj�rtligt, n�r han seglen v�nder,
hon klappar i sm� vita h�nder!

Det fanns ej f�gelbo s� h�gt, 10

som han f�r henne ej bes�kt.
Sj�lv �rnen, som i molnen gungar,
blev plundrad b�d' p� �gg och ungar.

Det fanns ej b�ck, hur strid han var, 11

var�ver han ej Ingborg bar.
Det �r s� sk�nt, n�r forsen larmar,
att tryckas av sm� vita armar.

Den f�rsta blomma, v�ren f�tt, 12

det f�rsta smultron, som blev r�tt,
det f�rsta ax, vars guld blev moget,
dem bj�d han henne glatt och troget.--

Men barnets dagar flyga bort, 13

d�r st�r en yngling innan kort
med eldig blick, som ber och hoppas,
d�r st�r en m� med barm, som knoppas.

Ung Fritiof drog p� jakt alltj�mt; 14

den jakten skulle m�ngen skr�mt,
ty utan spjut och utan klinga
den dj�rve ville bj�rnen tvinga.

D� k�mpade de, br�st mot br�st, 15

och j�garn, segrande, fast kl�st,
med ludet byte kom tillbaka;
hur skulle jungfrun det f�rsaka?

Ty mannens mod �r kvinnan k�rt, 16

det starka �r det sk�na v�rt:
de b�gge passa f�r varannan,
som hj�lmen passar sig f�r pannan.

Men l�ste han i vinterkv�ll 17

vid eldsken ifr�n spiselna h�ll
en s�ng om str�lande Valhalla,
om gudar och gudinnor alla,

han t�nkte: Gult �r Frejas h�r, 18

ett kornland, som f�r vinden g�r.
Fr�n det kan jag ej Ingborgs skilja,
ett n�t av guld kring ros och lilja.

Idunas barm �r rik, och sk�nt 19

han hoppar under silke gr�nt;
jag vet ett silke, d�r det hoppar
ljusalfer tv� med rosenknoppar.

Och Friggas �gon �ro bl� 20

som himmeln till att se upp�;
jag k�nner �gon: mot de b�da
�r ljusbl� v�rdag m�rk att sk�da.

Vi prisas Gerdas kinder s�, 21

en nyf�lld sn� med norrsken p�?
Jag kinder sett: en dag, som t�nder
tv� morgonrodnader i s�nder.

Jag vet ett hj�rta, lika �mt 22

som Nannas, fast ej s� ber�mt.
Med r�tta prisas du av skalder,
du Nannas lyckelige Balder!

O! att som du jag finge d�, 23

begr�ten av en trogen m�,
S� �m, s� trogen som din Nanna;
hos Hel jag ville g�rna stanna.--

Men kungadottern satt och kvad 24

en hj�ltes�ng och v�vde glad
i duken in den hj�ltens under
och v�gor bl� och gr�na lunder.

D�r v�xte in i sn�vit ull 25

de sk�ldar utav spolat gull,
och r�da fl�go stridens lansar,
men styvt av silver var vart pansar.

Dock, hur hon v�ver, dag fr�n dag, 26

f�r hj�lten Fritiofs anletsdag,
och som de blicka fram ur v�ven,
d� rodnar hon men gl�des �ven.

Men Fritiof sk�r, var han g�r fram, 27

ett I, ett F i bj�rkens stam.
De runor gro med fr�jd och gamman,
liksom de ungas hj�rtan, samman.

N�r dagen upp� f�stet st�r, 28

v�rldskungen med de gyllne h�r,
och livet r�rs och m�nskor vandra,
d� t�nka de blott p� varandra.

N�r natten upp� f�stet st�r, 29

v�rldsmodern med de m�rka h�r,
och tystnad r�r och stj�rnor vandra,
d� dr�mma de blott om varandra.

"Du jord, som smyckar dig var v�r 30

med blommor i ditt gr�na h�r,
giv mig de sk�nsta! Jag vill vira
en krans av dem att Fritiof sira."

"Du hav, som satt din dunkla sal 31

med p�rlor full i tusental,
giv mig de sk�naste, de b�sta!
Kring Ingborgs hals vill jag dem f�sta."

"Du knapp p� Odens kungastol, 32

du v�rldens �ga, gyllne sol!
Var du blott min, din blanka skiva
till sk�ld jag ville Fritiof giva."

"Du lykta i Allfaders hus, 33

du m�ne med ditt bleka ljus!
Var du blott min, jag gav dig g�rna
till smycke �t min sk�na t�rna."--

Men Hilding sade: "Fosterson, 34

den �lskog v�nd din h�g ifr�n!
Ej lika falla �dets lotter,
den t�rnan �r kung Beles dotter.

Till Oden sj�lv i stj�rnklar sal 35

uppstiger hennes �ttartal;
du �r blott Torstens son; giv vika!
ty lika trives b�st med lika."

Men Fritiof log: "Mitt �ttartal 36

g�r ned�t i de d�das dal.
Nyss slog jag skogens kung s� luden,
hans anor �rvde jag med huden.

Friboren man ej vika vill, 37

ty v�rlden h�r den frie till.
Vad lyckan br�t, kan hon f�rsona,
och hoppet b�r en konungs krona.

H�g�ttad �r all kraft, ty Tor, 38

dess �ttefar, i Trudvang bor.
Han v�ger b�rden ej men v�rdet:
en v�ldig friare �r sv�rdet.

Jag k�mpar om min unga brud, 39

om ock det var med dundrets gud.
V�x trygg, v�x glad, min vita lilja,
ve den, som dig och mig vill skilja!"

II.

KUNG BELE OCH TORSTEN VIKINGSSON.

Kung Bele, st�dd p� sv�rdet, i kungssal stod, 1

hos honom Torsten Vikingsson, den bonde god,
hans gamle vapenbroder, snart hundra�rig,
och �rrig som en runsten och silverh�rig.
De stodo, som bland bergen tv� offerhus, 2
�t hedna gudar vigda, nu halvt i grus;
men visdomsrunor m�nga p� muren t�ljas,
och h�ga forntidsminnen i valven dv�ljas.

"Det lider emot kv�llen", sad' Bele kung, 3

"ej mj�det vill mig smaka, och hj�lm k�nns tung,
inf�r mitt �ga m�rkna de m�nsko�den,
men Valhall skiner n�rmre, jag anar d�den.

Jag kallat mina s�ner och din ocks�, 4

ty de tillsammans h�ra, liksom vi tv�.
En varning vill jag giva de �rnar unga,
f�rrn orden somnat alla p� d�d mans tunga."--

D� tr�dde de i salen, som kung befallt, 5

och fr�mst bland dem gick Helge, en m�rk gestalt.
Han dvaldes helst bland sp�m�n kring altarrunden
och kom med blod p� h�ndren ur offerlunden.

D�refter syntes Halvdan, ljuslockig sven; 6

vart anletsdrag var �delt men vekligt �n.
Till lek han tycktes b�ra ett sv�rd vid b�lte
och liknade en jungfru, f�rkl�dd till hj�lte.

Men efter dem kom Fritiof i mantel bl�, 7

ett huvud var han h�gre �n b�gge tv�.
Han stod emellan br�dren, som dag st�r mogen
emellan rosig morgon och natt i skogen.

"I s�ner", sade kungen, "min sol g�r ned. 8

I endr�kt styren riket, i br�drafred!
Ty endr�kt h�ller samman: hon �r som ringen
p� lansen; den f�rutan hans kraft �r ingen.

L�t styrkan st� som d�rrsven vid landets port 9

och friden blomstra inom � h�gnad ort!
Till skygd blev sv�rdet givet men ej till skada,
och sk�ld �r smidd till h�ngl�s f�r bondens lada.

Sitt eget land f�rtrycker d�raktig man, 10

ty kungen kan allenast vad folket kan.
Gr�nlummig krona vissnar, s� snart som m�rgen
i stammen �r f�rtorkad p� nakna bergen.

P� pelarstoder fyra st�r himlens rund, 11

men tronen vilar endast p� lagens grund.
N�r v�ld p� tinget d�mer, st�r of�rd n�ra;
men r�tt �r landets fromma och kungens �ra.

V�l dv�ljas gudar, Helge, i disarsal, 12

men ej som sn�ckan dv�ljes i slutet skal.
S� l�ngt som dagsljus skiner, som st�mma ljudar,
s� l�ngt som tanke flyger, bo h�ge gudar.

Nog svika lungans tecken i offrad falk, 13

och fl�rd �r m�ngen runa, som sk�rs p� balk;
men redligt hj�rta, Helge, och friskt tillika,
skrev Oden fullt med runor, som aldrig svika.

Var icke h�rd, kung Helge, men endast fast! 14

Det sv�rd, som bitar skarpast, �r b�jligast.
Milt sinne pryder kungen, som blommor sk�lden,
och v�rdag bringar mera �n vinterk�lden.

En man f�rutan v�nner, om �n s� stark, 15

d�r h�n, som stam i �ken med skalad bark.
Men v�ns�ll man han trives som tr�d i lunden,
d�r b�cken vattnar roten och storm �r bunden.

Yvs ej af f�drens �ra! envar har dock blott sin; 16

kan du ej sp�nna b�gen, �r han ej din.
Vad vill du med det v�rde, som �r begravet?
Stark str�m med egna v�gor g�r genom havet.

Du Halvdan, gl�ttigt sinne �r vis mans vinst; 17

men joller h�ves ingen, och kungen minst.
Med humle brygges mj�det, ej blott med honung;
l�gg st�l i sv�rd och allvar i leken, konung!

F�r mycket vett fick ingen, hur vis han het, 18

men litet nog vet m�ngen, som intet vet.
F�kunnig g�st i h�gb�nk f�rsm�s, men vitter
har st�ndigt lagets �ra, hur l�gt han sitter.

Till trofast v�n, o Halvdan, till fosterbror 19

�r v�gen gen, om ocks� han fj�rran bor;
men d�remot avsides, l�ngt h�n bel�gen
�r ov�ns g�rd, om �ven han st�r vid v�gen.

V�lj icke till f�rtrogen vemhelst som vill! 20

Tomt hus st�r g�rna �ppet, men rikt st�ngs till.
V�lj _en_, on�digt �r det den andra leta,
och v�rlden vet, o Halvdan, vad trenne veta."--

D�refter uppstod Torsten och talte s�: 21

"Ej h�ves kung att ensam till Oden g�.
Vi delat livets skiften ihop, kung Bele,
och d�den, vill jag hoppas, vi ocks� dele.

Son Fritiof, �lderdomen har viskat mig 22

i �rat m�ngen varning, den ger jag dig.
P� �tth�g Odens f�glar sl� ned i Norden,
men p� den gamles l�ppar m�ngvisa orden.

Fr�mst v�rda h�ga gudar! ty ont och gott, 23

som storm och solsken, komma fr�n himlen blott.
De se i hj�rtats l�nvalv fast det �r slutet,
och l�nga �r f� g�lda, vad stunden brutit.

Lyd kungen! _En_ skall styra med kraft och vett: 24

skum natt har m�nga �gon, men dagen ett.
Helt l�tt den b�ttre, Fritiof, f�rdrar den b�ste,
och egg har sv�rdet n�dig men �ven f�ste.
H�g kraft �r gudars g�va; men, Fritiof, minns, 25
att styrka b�tar f�ga, d�r vett ej finns.
Tolvmannakraft har bj�rnen, av _en_ man slagen;
mot sv�rdshugg h�lles sk�lden, mot v�ldet lagen.

Av f� den stolte fruktas men hatas av envar, 26

och �vermod, o Fritiof, �r fallets far.
H�gt s�g jag m�ngen flyga, nu st�dd p� krycka,
ty v�dret r�r f�r �rsv�xt, och vind f�r lycka.

Dag skall du prisa, Fritiof, sen b�rgad sol sig d�ljt, 27

och �l, n�r det �r drucket, och r�d, n�r f�ljt.
P� m�ngen sak f�rlitar sig ungersvennen,
men striden pr�var klingan, och n�den v�nnen.

Nattgammal is tro icke, ej v�rdags sn�, 28

ej somnad orm, ej talet av kn�satt m�;
ty kvinnans br�st �r svarvat p� hjul, som rullar,
och vankelmod bor under de liljekullar.

Du sj�lv d�r h�n, och h�n d�r vad dig tillh�r; 29

men en ting vet jag, Fritiof, som aldrig d�r,
och det �r domen �ver d�d man: d�rf�re
vad �delt �r, du vilje, vad r�tt, du g�re"--

S� varnade de gamle i kungasal, 30

som skalden varnat sedan i Havamal.
Fr�n sl�kt till sl�kte gingo k�rnfulla orden,
och djupt ur kumlen viska de �n i Norden.

D�refter talte b�gge m�ng' hj�rtligt ord 31

allt om sin trogna v�nskap, ber�md i Nord;
hur trofast intill d�den, i n�d och gamman,
tv� kn�ppta h�nder lika, de h�llit samman.

"Med rygg mot rygg vi stodo, och varifr�n 32

som nornan kom, hon st�tte p� sk�ld, min son!
Nu f�re er till Valhall vi gamle ile;
men edra f�ders ande p� eder vile!"--

Och mycket talte kungen om Fritiofs mod, 33

om hj�ltekraft, som mer �r �n kungablod.
Och mycket talte Torsten om glans, som kr�ner
de h�ga Nordlands kungar, de asas�ner.

"Och h�llen I tillhopa, I s�ner tre, 34

er �verman--det vet jag--skall Nord ej se;
ty kraft, till kungah�ghet osvikligt sluten,
hon �r som m�rkbl� st�lrand, kring guldsk�ld gjuten.

Och halsen till min dotter, den rosenknopp! 35

I lugn, som det sig h�vdes, har hon v�xt opp;
omh�gnen henne, l�ten ej stormen komma
och f�sta i sin hj�lmhatt min sp�da blomma!

P� dig, o Helge, l�gger jag faderns sorg, 36

o, �lska som en dotter min Ingeborg !
Tv�ng retar �delt sinne, men saktmod leder
b�d' man och kvinna, Helge, till r�tt och heder.--

Men l�ggen oss, I s�ner, i h�gar tv� 37

p� var sin sida fj�rden vid b�lja bl�;
ty hennes s�ng �r ljuvlig �nnu f�r anden,
och som ett drapa klinga dess slag vid stranden.

N�r m�nen str�r kring bergen sitt bleka sken 38

och midnattsdaggen faller p� bautasten,
d� sitta vi, o Torsten, p� h�gar runda
och spraka �ver vattnet om ting, som stunda.

Och nu farv�l, I s�ner! G�n mer ej hit! 39

V�r g�ng �r till Allfader; vi l�ngta dit,
liksom till havet l�ngtar den tr�tta floden;
men Frej v�lsigne eder, och Tor och Oden!"

III.

FRITIOF TAGER ARV EFTER SIN FADER.

Voro nu satta i h�g kung Bele och Torsten den gamle,

d�r de sj�lva befallt: p� var sin sida om fj�rden
h�garna lyfte sin rund, tv� br�st, dem d�den har �tskilt.
Helge och Halvdan, p� folkets beslut, nu togo i sam-arv
riket efter sin far; men Fritiof, som endaste sonen, 5
delte med ingen och f�ste i lugn sin boning p� Framn�s,
Tre mil str�ckte sig kring den g�rdens �gor: p� tre h�ll
dalar och kullar och berg, men p� fj�rde sidan var havet.
Bj�rkskog kr�nte de kullarnas topp, men p� sluttande sidor
frodades gyllene korn, och mansh�g vaggade r�gen. 10
Sj�ar, m�nga i tal, sin spegel h�llo f�r bergen,
h�llo f�r skogarna opp, i vars djup h�ghornade �lgar
hade sin kungliga g�ng och drucko av hundrade b�ckar.
Men i dalarna vida omkring d�r bette i gr�nskan
hjordar med gl�nsande hull och med juver, som l�ngta till st�van. 15
Mellan dem spriddes �n hit och �n dit en or�knelig skara
av vitulliga f�r, som du ser vitaktiga str�moln
flockvis spridda p� himmelens valv, n�r det bl�ser om v�ren.
Springare tv� g�nger tolv, b�ngstyriga, fj�ttrade vindar,
stampande stodo i spiltornas rad och tuggade vallh�, 20
manarna knutna med r�tt och hovarna blanka av j�rnskor.
Dryckessalen, ett hus f�r sig sj�lv, var timrad av k�rnfur.
Ej fem hundrade m�n--till tio tolfter p� hundrat--
fyllde den rymliga sal, n�r de samlats att dricka om julen.
Genom salen, s� l�ng som han var, gick bordet av stenek, 25
bonat och blankt som av st�l; h�gs�tes-pelarna b�da
stodo f�r �ndan d�rav, tv� gudar, skurna av almtr�d:
Oden med h�rskareblick och Frej med solen p� hatten.
Nyss emellan de tv� p� sin bj�rnhud--huden var kolsvart,
gapet scharlakansr�tt, men klorna skodda med silver-- 30
Torsten bland v�nnerna satt, som g�stfriheten bland gl�djen.
Ofta, n�r m�nen bland skyarna fl�g, f�rtalde den gamle
under fr�n fr�mmande land, dem han sett, och vikingaf�rder
fj�rran i �sterv�g och i V�stersaltet och Gandvik.
Tyst satt lyssnande lag, och dess blickar h�ngde vid gubbens 35
l�ppar, som bi't vid sin ros; men skalden t�nkte p� Brage,
n�r med sitt silfversk�gg och med runor p� tungan han sitter
under den lumimiga bok och f�rt�ljer en saga vid Mimers
evigt sorlande v�g, han sj�lv en levande saga.

Mitt p� golvet--med halm var det str�tt--brann l�gan best�ndigt 40

glatt p� sin murade h�ll, och igenom det luftiga r�kf�ng
blickade stj�rnorna in, de himmelska v�nner, i salen.
Men kring v�ggen, p� naglar av st�l, d�r h�ngde det radvis
brynja och hj�lm vid varann, och h�r och d�r dem emellan
blixtrade neder ett sv�rd, som i vinterkv�llen ett stj�rnskott. 45
Mera �n hj�lmar och sv�rd dock sk�ldarna lyste i salen,
blanka som solens rund eller m�nens skiva av silver.
Gick d�r stundom en m� kring bordet och fyllde i hornen,
slog hon �gonen ned och rodnade: bilden i sk�lden
rodnade �ven som hon; det gladde de drickande k�mpar.-- 50

Rikt var huset: varhelst som du sk�dade, m�tte ditt �ga

fyllda k�llrar och proppade sk�p och r�gade visthus.
M�nga klenoder j�mv�l d�r g�mdes, byten av segern,
guld med runor upp� och det konstarbetade silver.
Tre ting skattades dock av all den rikedom ypperst: 55
_sv�rdet_, som �rvdes fr�n fader till son, var fr�mst av de trenne,
Angurvadel, s� kallades det, och broder till blixten.
Fj�rran i �sterland var det smitt--som sagan f�rt�ljer--,
h�rdat i dv�rgarnas eld: Bj�rn Bl�tand bar det fr�n b�rjan.
Bj�rn f�rlorade dock p� en g�ng b�d' sv�rdet och livet 60
s�der i Gr�ningasund, d�r han stridde mot v�ldige Vifell.
Vifell hade en son, het Viking. Men gammal och br�cklig,
bodde p� Uller�ker en kung med sin blomstrande dotter.
Se, d� kom det ur skogarnas djup en oskapelig j�tte,
h�gre till v�xten �n m�nniskors �tt och luden och vildsint, 65
fordrade envigeskamp eller kungadottern och riket.
Ingen v�gade kampen likv�l, ty det fanns ej ett st�l, som
bet p� hans skalle av j�rn, och d�rf�r n�mndes han J�rnh�s.
Viking allena, som nyss fyllt femton vintrar, emottog
striden, i hopp p� sin arm och p� �ngurvadel. I ett hugg 70
kl�v han till midjan det rytande troll och fr�lste den sk�na.
Viking l�mnade sv�rdet till Torsten, sin son, och fr�n Torsten
gick det till Fritiof i arv: n�r han drog det, sken det i salen,
liksom fl�ge en blixt d�rigenom eller ett norrsken.
Hjaltet var hamrat av guld, men runor syntes p� klingan, 75
underbara, ej k�nda i Nord, men de k�ndes vid solens
portar, d�r f�derna bott, f�rrn �sarna f�rde dem hit upp.
Matta lyste de runor alltj�mt, n�r fred var i landet,
men n�r Hildur begynte sin lek, d� brunno de alla
r�da som hanens kam, n�r han k�mpar: f�rlorad var den, som 80
m�tte i slaktningens natt den klingan med l�gande runor.
Sv�rdet var vida ber�mt, och av sv�rd var det ypperst i Norden.
D�rn�st ypperst i pris var en _armring_, vida beryktad,
smidd av nordiska sagans Vulkan, av den haltande Vaulund.
Tre mark h�ll han i vikt, och arbetad var han av rent guld. 85
Himlen var tecknad d�rp� med de tolv od�dligas borgar,
v�xlande m�naders bild, men av skalderna n�mndes de solhus.
Alfhem sk�dades d�r, Frejs borg: det �r solen, som nyf�dd
b�rjar att kl�ttra igen f�r himmelens branter vid julen.
S�kvab�ck var d�r ocks�: i dess sal satt Oden hos Saga, 90
drack sitt vin ur det gyllene k�rl; det k�rlet �r havet,
f�rgat med guld av morgonens gl�d, och Sagan �r v�ren,
skriven p� gr�nskande f�lt med blommor i st�llet f�r runor.
Balder syntes j�mv�l p� sin tron, midsommarens sol, som
gjuter fr�n f�stet sin rikedom ner, en bild av det goda; 95
ty det goda �r str�lande ljus, men det onda �r m�rker.
Solen tr�ttnar att stiga alltj�mt, och det goda desslikes
svindlar p� h�jdernas brant: med en suck f�rsjunka de b�da
neder till skuggornas land, till Hel: det �r Balder p� b�let.
Glitner, den fredliga borg, s�gs �ven: f�rlikande alla, 100
satt d�r med v�gen i hand Forsete, domarn p� h�stting.
Dessa bilder och m�nga �nnu, som betecknade ljusets
strider p� himmelens valv och i m�nniskans sinne, de voro
skurna av m�starens hand i den ringen. En pr�ktig rubinknapp
kr�nte dess buktiga rund, som solen kr�ner sin himmel. 105
Ringen var l�nge i sl�kten ett arv, ty hon ledde sin �ttl�ngd,
endast p� m�dernet dock, till Vaulund, r�knad f�r stamfar.
En g�ng stals den klenoden dock bort av r�varen S�te,
sv�rmande kring p� de nordiska hav; sen fanns han ej �ter.
Slutligen taltes det om, att Sote p� kusten av Bretland 110
levande satt sig med skepp och med gods i sin murade gravh�g;
men,d�r fann han ej ro, och det sp�kade st�ndigt i h�gen.
Torsten f�rnam det ryktet ocks�, och med Bele besteg han
draken och kl�v den skummande v�g och styrde till st�llet.
Vid som ett tempelvalv, som en kungsg�rd, vore den b�ddad 115
in i grus och gr�nskande torv, s� v�lvde sig h�gen.
Ljus ock lyste d�rur. Igenom en springa p� porten
tittade k�mparna in, och det beckade vikingaskeppet
stod d�r med ankar och master och r�r; men h�g i dess bakstam
satt en f�rf�rlig gestalt: han var kl�dd i en mantel av l�gor. 120
Bister satt han och skurade d�r blodfl�ckade klingan,
kunde ej skura de fl�ckarna bort: allt guld, som han r�nat,
l�g i h�gar omkring, och ringen bar han p� armen.
"Stiga vi", viskade Bele, "dit ner och k�mpa mot trollet,
tv� mot en ande av eld?" Men halvvred svarade Torsten: 125
"En mot en var f�dernas sed, jag k�mpar v�l ensam."
L�nge tvistades nu, vem f�rst av de tvenne det tillkom
pr�va den v�dliga f�rd; men till slut tog Bele sin st�lhj�lm,
skakade om tv� lotter d�ri, och vid stj�rnornas skimmer
k�nde Torsten igen sin lott. F�r en st�t av hans j�rnlans 130
sprungo riglar och l�s, och han nedsteg.--Fr�gade n�gon,
vad han f�rnam i det nattliga djup, d� teg han och ryste.
Bele h�rde dock f�rst en s�ng, den l�t som en trolls�ng;
sedan f�rnam han ett rasslande ljud, som av klingor som korsas,
sist ett gr�seligt skri; d� blev tyst. Ut st�rtade Torsten, 135
blek, f�rvirrad, f�rst�rd; ty med d�den hade han k�mpat.
Ringen bar han likv�l. "Den �r dyrk�pt", sade han ofta,
"ty jag har darrat en g�ng i mitt liv, och det var, n�r jag tog den."
Smycket var vida ber�mt och av smycken ypperst i Norden.

_Skeppet Ellida_ till slut var en av sl�ktens klenoder. 140

Viking--s�gs det--en g�ng, n�r han v�nde tillbaka fr�n h�rt�g,
seglade l�ngs med sin strand; d� s�g han en man p� ett skeppsvrak
sorgl�st gungande h�n; det var, som han lekte med v�gen.
Mannen var h�g och av �del gestalt och hans anlete �ppet,
glatt, men f�r�nderligt dock, likt havet, som leker i solsken. 145
Manteln var bl� och b�ltet av guld, besatt med koraller,
sk�gget vitt som v�gornas skum, men h�ret var sj�gr�nt.
Viking styrde sin sn�cka d�r�t f�r att b�rga den arme,
tog den f�rfrusne hem till sin g�rd och f�rpl�gade g�sten.
Dock, n�r han bj�ds av v�rden till s�ngs, d� log han och sade: 150
"Vinden �r god, och mitt skepp, som du sett, �r ej att f�rakta;
hundrade mil, det hoppas jag visst, jag seglar i afton.
Tack f�r din bjudning �nd�! den �r v�lment; kunde jag endast
ge dig ett minne av mig! men min rikedom ligger i havet;
kanske finner du dock i morgon en g�va p� stranden." 155
Dagen d�rp� stod Viking vid sj�n, och si! som en havs�rn,
n�r han f�rf�ljer sitt rov, fl�g in i viken ett drakskepp.
Ingen syntes d�rp�, ej en g�ng man m�rkte en styrman,
rodret dock lette sin buktiga v�g bland klippor och blindsk�r,
liksom bodde en ande d�ri: n�r det nalkades stranden, 160
revade seglet sig sj�lvt, och, ej r�rt av m�nniskoh�nder,
ankaret s�nkte sig ned och bet med sin hulling i djupet.
Stum stod Viking och s�g, men d� sj�ngo de lekande v�gor:
"B�rgade �gir ej gl�mmer sin skuld, han sk�nker dig draken."
G�van var kunglig att se, ty de buktiga plankor av eke 165
voro ej fogade hop som annars men vuxna tillsammans.
Str�ckningen var som en drakes i sj�n: i stammen d�r framme
lyfte han huvudet h�gt, och av r�tt guld l�gade svalget.
Buken var spr�cklig med bl�tt och med gult, men baktill vid rodret
slog han sin v�ldiga stj�rt i en ringel, fj�llig av silver; 170
vingarna svarta med kanter av r�tt; n�r han sp�nde dem alla,
fl�g han i kapp med den susande storm, men �rnen blev efter.
Fylldes det skeppet med v�pnade m�n, d� skulle du trott dig
sk�da en flytande konungastad, en simmande f�stning.
Skeppet var vida ber�mt, och av skepp var det ypperst i Norden. 175

Detta och mera d�rtill tog Fritiof i arv av sin fader.

Knappast fanns i de nordiska land en rikare arving,
om ej en konungason; ty kungars v�lde �r ypperst.
Var han ej konungason, likv�l hans sinne var kungligt,
v�ns�llt, �delt och milt, och med var dag v�xte hans rykte. 180
K�mpar hade han tolv, gr�h�riga furstar i idrott,
faderns kamrater, med br�st av st�l och med �rriga pannor.
Nederst p� k�mparnas b�nk, j�mn�rig med Fritiof, en yngling
satt som en ros bland vissnade l�v: Bj�rn hette den unge,
glad som ett barn men fast som en man och vis som en gubbe. 185
Upp med Fritiof han v�xt, och de blandat blod med varandra,
fosterbr�der p� nordmannas�tt, och svurit att leva
samman i lust och i n�d och att h�mna varandra i d�den.
Mitt bland k�mpar och g�sternas m�ngd, som kommit till grav�l,
Fritiof, en s�rjande v�rd, med �gon fyllda av t�rar, 190
drack p� f�dernas vis sin faders minne och h�rde
skaldernas s�ng till hans lov, ett dundrande dr�pa; men sedan
steg han i faderns s�te, nu hans, och satte sig neder
mellan dess Oden och Frej: det �r Tors plats uppe i Valhall.

IV.

FRITIOFS FRIERI.

V�l klingar s�ngen i Fritiofs sal, 1

och skalderna prisa hans �ttartal.
Men s�ngen gl�der
ej Fritiof, han h�r ej, vad skalden kv�der.

Och jorden har �ter kl�tt sig gr�n, 2

och drakarna simma igen p� sj�n.
Men hj�ltesonen
han vandrar i skogen och ser p� m�nen.

Nyss var han likv�l s� lycklig, s� glad, 3

ty muntre kung Halvdan till g�st han bad
och Helge dyster,
och de hade med sig sin sk�na syster.

Han satt vid dess sida, han tryckte dess hand 4

och k�nde tillbaka en tryckning ibland
och s�g betagen
alltj�mt p� de k�ra, de �dla dragen.

De taltes vid om de glada dar, 5

d� morgonens dagg l�g p� livet kvar,
om barndomsminnen,
de roseng�rdar i �dla sinnen.

Hon h�lsade honom fr�n dal och park, 6

fr�n namnen, som grodde i bj�rkens bark,
och fr�n den kullen,
d�r ekarna frodas i hj�ltemullen.

"Det var ej s� trevligt i kungens g�rd, 7

ty Halvdan var barnslig och Helge h�rd.
De kungas�ner
de h�ra ej annat �n lov och b�ner.

Och ingen--h�r rodnade hon som en ros--, 8

�t vilken en klagan kunde f�rtros!
I kungasalar
hur kvavt var det d�r mot i Hildings dalar!

Och duvorna, som de matat och t�mt, 9

nu voro de flugna, ty h�ken dem skr�mt.
Ett par allena
var kvar; av de tvenne tag du den ena!

Den duvan hon flyger v�l hem igen, 10

hon l�ngtar, som andra, v�l till sin v�n.
Bind under vingen
en v�nlig runa! det m�rker ingen."

S� sutto de viskande dagen om, 11

de hviskade �nnu, n�r kv�llen kom,
som aftonvindar
om v�ren viska i gr�na lindar.

Men nu �r hon borta, och Fritiofs mod 12

�r borta med henne. Det unga blod
i kinden stiger,
han l�gar och suckar alltj�mt och tiger.

Sin sorg, sin klagan med duvan han skrev, 13

och glad for hon av med sitt k�rleksbrev;
men ack, tillbaka
hon v�nde ej mer, hon blev hos sin maka.
Det v�sen behagade icke Bj�rn. 14
Han sade: "Vad fattas v�r unga �rn,
s� tyst, s� sluten?
�r br�stet tr�ffat, �r vingen skjuten?

Vad vill du? Ha vi ej i �verfl�d 15

det gula fl�sk och det bruna mj�d
och skalder m�nga?
Det tar aldrig slut p� de visor l�nga.

Sant nog, att g�ngaren stampar i spilt; 16

p� rov, p� rov skriker falken vilt.
Men Fritiof jagar
i molnen allena, och t�rs och klagar.

Ellida hon har ingen ro p� v�g, 17

hon rycker alltj�mt p� sitt ankart�g.
Ligg still, Ellida!
ty Fritiof �r fredlig, han vill ej strida.

Den str�d�d �r ocks� en d�d: till slut 18

jag rister, som Oden, mig sj�lv med spjut.
Det kan ej fela,
vi bliva v�lkomna hos bl�vit Hela."

D� sl�ppte Fritiof sin drake l�s, 19

och seglet sv�llde, och v�gen fn�s.
Rakt �ver fj�rden
till kungens s�ner han styrde f�rden.

De sutto p� Beles h�g den dag 20

och h�rde folket och skipade lag;
men Fritiof talar:
den st�mman f�rnimmes kring berg och dalar.

"I kungar, sk�n Ingeborg �r mig k�r; 21

av eder jag henne till brud beg�r,
och den f�rening
hon var v�l �ven kung Beles mening.

Han l�t oss v�xa hos Hilding opp, 22

likt ungtr�n, som v�xa tillsammans i topp.
D�r ovanf�re
band Freja de toppar med gyllne sn�re.

Min far var ej konung, ej jarl en g�ng, 23

dock lever hans minne i skaldens s�ng.
H�gv�lvda grifter
f�rt�lja p� runsten min �tts bedrifter.

L�tt kunde jag vinna mig rike och land, 24

men hellre jag blir p� min f�dernestrand.
D�r vill jag skydda
s� kungens g�rd som den ringes hydda.

Vi �ro p� Beles h�g; han h�r 25

vart ord i djupet h�r nedanf�r.
Med Fritiof beder
den gamle i h�gen: bet�nken eder!"--

D� reste sig Helge och talte med h�n: 26

"V�r syster �r ej f�r en bondeson.
Nordlandens drotter
m� t�vla, ej du, om den Valhallsdotter.

Yvs g�rna att h�lsas f�r ypperst i Nord, 27

vinn m�nner med handkraft och kvinnor med ord!
Men Odensblodet
till pris ger jag icke �t �vermodet.

Mitt rike beh�fver du ej ta dig an, 28

jag skyddar det sj�lv; vill du bli min man,
en plats �r ledig
ibland mitt husfolk, den kan jag ge dig."--

"Din man blir jag knappast", var Fritiofs svar, 29

"�r man f�r mig sj�lv, som min fader var.
Ur silverskida
flyg, Angurvadel, du f�r ej bida!"

I solen gl�nste den klinga bl�, 30

och runorna l�gade r�da d�rp�.
"Du Angurvadel,
du �r dock", sad' Fritiof, "av gammal adel.

Och vore det ej f�r h�gens fred, 31

p� st�llet jag h�gge dig, svartekung, ned.
Vill dock dig l�ra
en ann' g�ng ej komma mitt sv�rd f�r n�ra."--

S� sagt, han kl�v i ett hugg allen 32

kung Helges guldsk�ld, som h�ngde p� gren.
I tv� halvrundor
han klang emot h�gen, det klang inunder.

"V�l tr�ffat, min klinga! Ligg nu och dr�m 33

om h�gre bedrifter; till dess f�rg�m
de runol�gor.
Nu segla vi hem �ver m�rkbl� v�gor."

V.

KUNG RING.

Och kung Ring sk�t tillbaka sin guldstol fr�n bord, och k�mpar 1
och skalder
uppstego att lyssna till kungens ord, ber�md i Nord;
han var vis som gud Mimer och from som Balder.

Hans land var som lunden, d�r gudar bo, och vapnen komma 2
ej inom dess gr�na, dess skuggiga ro, och gr�sen gro
fridlysta d�rst�des, och rosorna blomma.

R�ttvisan satt ensam, b�d' str�ng och huld, p� domarstolen, 3

och friden betalte vart �r sin skuld, och kornets guld
l�g str�tt �ver landet och sken i solen.

Och sn�ckorna kommo med bringa svart, med vita vingar, 4

fr�n hundrade land och f�rde fr�n vart m�ngfaldig art
av rikdom, som rikdomen tingar.

Men frihet bodde hos friden kvar i glad f�rening, 5

och alla �lskade landets far, fast en och var
fritt sade p� tinget sin mening.

I tretti vintrar han fredlig och s�ll styrt Nordlands s�ner, 6

och ingen g�tt missn�jd hem till sitt tj�ll, och varje kv�ll
hans namn gick till Oden med folkets b�ner.

Och kung Ring sk�t tillbaka sin guldstol fr�n bord, och alla glade 7
uppstego att lyssna till kungens ord, ber�md i Nord;
men han suckade djupt och talte och sade:

"Min drottning sitter i Folkvangs loft p� purpurt�cken, 8

men h�r �r det gr�s �ver hennes stoft, och blomsterdoft
kring�nga dess gravh�g vid b�cken.

Ej f�r jag drottning s� god, s� sk�n, mitt rikes �ra. 9

Till gudarna gick hon, till Valhalls l�n; men landets b�n,
och barnens, en moder beg�ra.

Kung Bele, som ofta kom till min sal med sommarvinden, 10
har l�mnat en dotter; hon �r mitt val, den lilja smal
med morgonrodnad p� kinden.

Jag vet, hon �r ung, och den unga m� helst blomman plockar; 11
men jag g�tt i fr�, och vintrarna str� alltren sin sn�
i kungens de glesnade lockar.

Men kan hon �lska en redlig man med vitt i h�ren, 12

och vill hon ta sig de sp�da an,
vars mor f�rsvann,
s� bjuder H�sten sin tron �t V�ren.

Ta'n guld ur valven, ta'n smycken �t brud ur sk�p af eke; 13

och f�ljen, I skalder, med harpoljud, ty s�ngens gud
�r med d� vi frie, �r med d� vi leke!"--

Och ut drogo svenner med buller och b�ng, 14

med guld och b�ner, och skalderna f�ljde, en rad s� l�ng, med hj�ltes�ng,
och st�llde sig fram f�r kung Beles s�ner.

De drucko i dagar, de drucko i tre, men p� den fj�rde, 15

vad svar kung Helge dem m�nde ge, �tsporde de,
ty nu de ville � f�rde.

Kung Helge han offrar b�d' falk och h�st i lunden gr�na, 16
han sp�rjer b�d' vala och offerpr�st, vad som var b�st
allt f�r hans syster, den sk�na.

Men lungorna nekade bifall alltj�mt, som pr�st och vala, 17

och d� gav kung Helge, den tecknen skr�mt, sitt nej best�mt,
ty m�nskan b�r lyda, d� gudar tala.

Men muntre kung Halvdan han log och sad': "Farv�l med festen! 18
Kung Gr�sk�gg sj�lv bort rida �stad,
jag hulpit glad
den hedersgubben p� h�sten."

F�rbittrade draga de s�ndm�n bort och budskap b�ra 19

om kungens skymf; men han svarar dem torrt, att inom kort
kung Gr�sk�gg skall h�mna sin �ra.

Han slog sin h�rsk�ld, som h�ngde � stam i h�ga linden. 20

D� simma drakar p� v�gen fram med blodr�d kam,
och hj�lmarna nicka i vinden.

Och h�rbud fl�go till Helges g�rd, som sade dyster: 21

"Kung Ring �r m�ktig, den strid blir h�rd; i Balders v�rd,
i templet jag s�tter min syster."

D�r sitter den �lskande vemodsfull � fridlyst tilja. 22

Hon s�mmar i silke, hon s�mmar i gull och gr�ter full
sin barm: det �r dagg �ver lilja.

VI.

FRITIOF SPELAR SCHACK.

Bj�rn och Fritiof sutto b�da 1

vid ett schackbord, sk�nt att sk�da.
Silver var varannan ruta,
och varannan var av guld.

D� steg Hilding in. "Sitt neder! 2

Upp i h�gb�nk jag dig leder,
t�m ditt horn, och l�t mig sluta
spelet, fosterfader huld!"

Hilding kvad: "Fr�n Beles s�ner 3

kommer jag till dig med b�ner.
Tidningarna �ro onde,
och till dig st�r landets hopp."

Fritiof kvad: "Tag dig till vara, 4

Bj�rn, ty nu �r kung i fara.
Fr�lsas kan han med en bonde:
den �r gjord att offras opp."

"Fritiof, reta icke kungar! 5

Starka v�xa �rnens ungar:
fast mot Ring de aktas svaga,
stor �r deras makt mot din."

"Bj�rn, jag ser, du tornet hotar, 6

men ditt anfall l�tt jag motar.
Tornet blir dig sv�rt att taga,
drar sig i sin sk�ldborg in."
"Ingeborg i Baldershagen 7
sitter och f�rgr�ter dagen.
Kan _hon_ dig till strids ej locka,
gr�terskan med �gon bl�?"

"Drottning, Bj�rn, du f�f�ngt jagar, 8

var mig k�r fr�n barndomsdagar;
hon �r spelets b�sta docka,
hur det g�r, _hon_ r�ddas m�."

"Fritiof, vill du icke svara? 9

Skall din fosterfader fara
oh�rd fr�n din g�rd, emedan
ej ett dockspel vill ta slut?"

D� steg Fritiof upp och lade 10

Hildings hand i sin och sade:
"Fader, jag har svarat redan,
du har h�rt min sj�ls beslut.

Rid att Beles s�ner l�ra, 11

vad jag sagt! De kr�nkt min �ra,
inga band vid dem mig f�sta,
aldrig blir jag deras man."

"V�l, din egen bana vandra! 12

Ej kan jag din vrede klandra;
Oden styre till det b�sta!"
sade Hilding och f�rsvann.

VII.

FRITIOFS LYCKA.

Kung Beles s�ner g�rna drag� 1

fr�n dal till dal att be om sv�rd!
Mitt f� de ej; i Balders hage
d�r �r min valplats, �r min v�rld.
D�r vill jag ej tillbaka blicka
p� kungars h�mnd, p� jordens sorg,
men endast gudars gl�dje dricka
tvem�nnings med min Ingeborg.

S� l�nge �nnu solen t�mmer 2

sin purpurglans p� blomstren varm,
likt rosenf�rgat skir, som g�mmer
en blomsterv�rld, min Ingborgs barm;
s� l�nge irrar jag p� stranden,
av l�ngtan, evig l�ngtan t�rd,
och ritar suckande i sanden
det k�ra namnet med mitt sv�rd.

Hur l�ngsamt g� de tr�ga stunder! 3

Du Dellings son, vi dr�jer du?
Har du ej sk�dat berg och lunder
och sund och �ar f�rr�n nu?
Bor ingen m� i v�stersalar,
som v�ntar dig f�r l�nge sen
och flyger till ditt br�st och talar
om k�rlek f�rst, om k�rlek sen?

Dock �ntligt tr�tt av v�gens m�da, 4

du sjunker ned ifr�n din h�jd,
och kv�llen drar det rosenr�da
sparlakanet f�r gudars fr�jd.
Om k�rlek viska jordens floder,
om k�rlek viskar himlens fl�kt.
V�lkommen, natt, du gudars moder,
med p�rlor p� din br�llopsdr�kt!

Hur tyst de h�ga stj�rnor skrida, 5

likt �lskarn till en m� p� t�!
Flyg �ver fj�rden, min Ellida!
Skjut p�, skjut p�, du b�lja bl�!
D�r borta ligga gudens lunder,
till goda gudar styra vi,
och Balderstemplet st�r d�runder,
med k�rlekens gudinna i.

Hur lycklig tr�der jag p� stranden! 6

Du jord, jag ville kyssa dig,
och er, I blommor sm�, som randen
med vitt och r�tt den kr�kta stig!
Du m�ne, somj ditt skimmer t�mmer
kring lund och tempel, h�g och v�rd,
hur sk�n du sitter d�r och dr�mmer,
lik Saga i en br�llopsg�rd!

Vem l�rde dig, du b�ck, som talar 7

med blommorna, min k�nslas r�st?
Vem gav er, Nordens n�ktergalar,
den klagan, stulen ur mitt br�st?
Med kv�llens rodnad alfer m�la
min Ingborgs bild p� m�rkbl� duk;
den bilden kan ej Freja t�la,
hon bl�ser bort den, avundsjuk.

Dock, g�rna hennes bild f�rsvinne! 8

D�r �r hon sj�lv, som hoppet sk�n
och trogen som ett barndomsminne;
hon kominer med min k�rleks l�n.
Kom, �lskade, och l�t mig trycka
dig till det hj�rta, du �r k�r!
Min sj�ls beg�r, min levnads lycka,
kom i min famn och vila d�r!

S� sm�rt som stj�lken av en lilja, 9

s� fyllig som en mognad ros!
Du �r s� ren som gudars vilja
och dock s� varm, som Freja tros.
Kyss mig, min sk�na! L�t min l�ga
f� genomstr�mma �ven dig!
Ack! jordens rund och himmelns b�ga
f�rsvinna, n�r du kysser mig.
Var icke r�dd, h�r finns ej fara; 10
Bj�rn st�r d�r nere med sitt sv�rd,
med k�mpar nog att oss f�rsvara,
om det beh�vdes, mot en v�rld.
Jag sj�lv, o att jag strida finge
f�r dig, som jag dig h�ller nu!
Hur lycklig jag till Valhall ginge,
om min valkyria vore du!

Vad viskar du om Balders vrede? 11

Han vredgas ej, den fromme gud,
den �lskande, som vi tillbede,
v�rt hj�rtas k�rlek �r hans bud:
den gud med solsken p� sin panna,
med evig trohet i sin barm:
var ej hans k�rlek till sin Nanna,
som min till dig, s� ren, s� varm?

D�r st�r hans bild, han sj�lv �r n�ra, 12

hur milt han ser p� mig, hur hult!
Till offer vill jag honom b�ra
ett hj�rta varmt och k�rleksfullt.
B�j kn� med mig! Ej b�ttre g�va,
ej sk�nare f�r Balder fanns
�n tvenne hj�rtan, vilka lova
varann en trohet, fast som hans.

Till himmeln mera �n till jorden 13

min k�rlek h�r, f�rsm� ej den!
I himmeln �r han ammad vorden
och l�ngtar till sitt hem igen.
O den som ren d�ruppe vore!
O den som nu med dig fick d�
och segrande till gudar f�re
i famnen p� sin bleka m�!

N�r d� de andra k�mpar rida 14

ur silverportarna till krig,
jag skulle sitta vid din sida,
en trogen v�n, och se p� dig.
N�r Valhalls mor kring bordet bringa
de mj�dhorn med sitt skum av gull,
med dig jag ensamt skulle klinga
och viska �m och k�rleksfull.

En l�vsal ville jag oss bygga 15

p� n�set vid en m�rkbl� bukt.
D�r l�ge vi i skuggan trygga
av lunden med den gyllne frukt.
N�r Valhalls sol sig �tert�nde
--hur klart, hur h�rligt �r dess bloss!--
till gudarna vi �terv�nde,
och l�ngtade dock hem till oss.

Med stj�rnor skulle jag bekransa 16

din panna, dina lockars gl�d;
i Vingolvs sal jag skulle dansa
min bleka lilja rosenr�d;
till dess jag dig ur dansen droge
till k�rlekens, till fridens tj�ll,
d�r silversk�ggig Brage sloge
din bruds�ng ny f�r varje kv�ll.

Hur vakan sjunger genom lunden! 17

Den s�ngen �r fr�n Valhalls strand.
Hur m�nen skiner �ver sunden!
Han lyser ur de d�das land.
Den s�ngen och det ljuset b�da
en v�rld av k�rlek utan sorg;
den v�rlden ville jag v�l sk�da
med dig, med dig, min Ingeborg!

Gr�t icke! �nnu livet str�mmar 18

i mina �dror, gr�t ej s�!
Men k�rlekens och mannens dr�mmar
kringsv�rma g�rna i det bl�.
Ack, blott din famn mot mig du breder,
blott dina �gon se p� mig,
hur l�tt du lockar sv�rmarn neder
fr�n gudars salighet till dig!--

"Tyst, det �r l�rkan." Nej, en duva 19

i skogen kuttrar om sin tro;
men l�rkan slumrar �n p� tuva
hos maken i sitt varma bo.
De lyckliga! dem skiljer ingen,
n�r dagen kommer eller far,
men deras liv �r fritt som vingen,
som b�r i skyn det glada par.

"Se, dagen gryr." Nej, det �r flamman 20

av n�gon v�rdkas �ster ut.
�nnu vi kunna spr�ka samman,
�n har den k�ra natt ej slut.
F�rsov dig, dagens gyllne stj�rna,
och morgna sen dig l�ngsamt till!
F�r Fritiof m� du sova g�rna
till Ragnar�k, om du s� vill.

Dock, det �r f�f�ngt till att hoppas; 21

d�r bl�ser ren en morgonvind,
och redan �sterns rosor knoppas
s� friska som p� Ingborgs kind.
En vingad s�ngarskara kvittrar
--en tankl�s hop--i klarnad sky,
och livet r�rs, och v�gen glittrar,
och skuggorna och �lskarn fly.

D�r kommer hon i all sin �ra! 22

F�rl�t mig, gyllne sol, min b�n!
Jag k�nner det, en gud �r n�ra,
hur pr�ktig �r hon dock, hur sk�n!
O, den som fram i banan tr�dde
s� v�ldig, som du tr�der nu,
Och stolt och glad sin levnad kl�dde
i ljus och seger liksom du!
H�r st�ller jag inf�r ditt �ga 23
det sk�naste, du sett i Nord.
Tag henne i din v�rd, du h�ga!
Hon �r din bild p� gr�nkl�dd jord.
Dess sj�l �r ren som dina str�lar,
dess �ga som din himmel bl�tt,
och samma guld, din hj�ssa m�lar,
har hon i sina lockar f�tt.

Farv�l, min �lskade! En annan, 24

en l�ngre natt vi ses igen.
Farv�l! �nnu en kyss p� pannan
och en p� dina l�ppar �n!
Sov nu, och dr�m om mig och vakna
vid middag; och med trogen sj�l
t�lj timmarna som jag, och sakna
och brinn som jag! Farv�l, farv�l!

VIII.

AVSKEDET.

_Ingeborg_.
Det dagas ren, och Fritiof kommer icke!
I g�r likv�l var redan tinget utlyst
p� Beles h�g: den platsen valdes r�tt;
hans dotters �de skulle d�r best�mmas.
Hur m�nga b�ner har det kostat mig, 5
hur m�nga t�rar, r�knade av Freja,
att sm�lta hatets is kring Fritiofs hj�rta
och locka l�ftet fr�n den stoltes mun
att �ter bjuda handen till f�rsoning!
Ack! mannen �r dock h�rd, och f�r sin �ra 10
--s� kallar han sin stolthet--r�knar han
ej just s� noga, om han skulle krossa
ett troget hj�rta mera eller mindre.
Den arma kvinnan, sluten till hans br�st,
�r som en mossv�xt, blommande p� klippan 15
med bleka f�rger: blott med m�da h�ller
den obem�rkta sig vid h�llen fast,
och hennes n�ring �ro nattens t�rar.

I g�r allts� blev d� mitt �de avgjort,

och aftonsolen har g�tt ner d�r�ver. 20
Men Fritiof kommer ej! De bleka stj�rnor.
en efter annan, slockna och f�rsvinna,
och med varenda utav dem, som sl�cks,
g�r en f�rhoppning i mitt br�st till graven.
Dock, varf�r ocks� hoppas? Valhalls gudar 25
ej �lska mig, jag har f�rt�rnat dem.
Den h�ge Balder, i vars skygd jag vistas,
�r f�rol�mpad, ty en m�nsklig k�rlek
�r icke helig nog f�r gudars blickar;
och jordens gl�dje f�r ej v�ga sig 30
inunder valven, d�r de allvarsamma,
de h�ga makter ha sin boning f�st.
--Och likafullt, vad �r mitt fel, vi vredgas
den fromme guden �fver jungfruns k�rlek?
�r han ej ren som Urdas blanka v�g, 35
ej oskuldsfull som Geflons morgondr�mmar?
Den h�ga solen v�nder icke bort
fr�n tvenne �lskande sitt rena �ga;
och dagens �nka, stj�rnenatten, h�r
mitt i sin sorg med gl�dje deras eder. 40
Vad som �r lovligt under himmelns valv,
hur blev det brottsligt under tempelvalvet?
Jag �lskar Fritiof. Ack, s� l�ngt tillbaka,
som jag kan minnas, har jag �lskat honom;
den k�nslan �r ett �rsbarn med mig sj�lv; 45
jag vet ej, n�r hon b�rjat, kan ej ens
den tanken fatta, att hon varit borta.
Som frukten s�tter sig omkring sin k�rna
och v�xer ut och rundar omkring henne
i sommarsolens sken sitt klot av guld: 50
s� har jag �ven vuxit ut och mognat
omkring den k�rnan, och mitt v�sen �r
det yttre skalet endast av min k�rlek.
F�rl�t mig, Balder! Med ett troget hj�rta
jag tr�dde i din sal, och med ett troget 55
vill jag g� d�rifr�n: jag tar det med mig
ut�ver Bifrosts bro och st�ller mig
med all min k�rlek fram f�r Valhalls gudar.
D�r skall han st�, en asason som de,
och spegla sig i sk�ldarna och flyga 60
med l�sta duvovingar genom bl�,
o�ndlig rymd uti Allfaders sk�te,
varfr�n han kommit.--Varf�r rynkar du
i morgongryningen din ljusa panna?
I mina �dror flyter, som i dina, 65
den gamle Odens blod. Vad vill du, fr�nde?
Min k�rlek kan jag icke offra dig,
vill det ej ens; han �r din himmel v�rdig.
Men v�l jag offra kan min levnads lycka,
kan kasta bort den, som en drottning kastar 70
sin mantel fr�n sig och �r likafullt
densamma, som hon var.--Det �r beslutat!
Det h�ga Valhall skall ej blygas f�r
sin fr�nka: jag vill g� emot mitt �de,
som hj�lten g�r mot sitt.--D�r kommer Fritiof. 75
Hur vild, hur blek! Det �r f�rbi, f�rbi!
Min vreda norna kommer j�mte honom.
Var stark, min sj�l!--V�lkommen, sent omsider!
V�rt �de �r best�mt, det st�r att l�sa
upp� din panna. 80

_Fritiof_.
St� d�r icke �ven
blodr�da runor, talande om skymf
och h�n och landsflykt?

_Ingeborg_.
Fritiof, sansa dig,
ber�tta vad som h�nt! Det v�rsta anar 85
jag l�nge sen, jag �r beredd p� allt.
_Fritiof_.
Jag kom till tinget upp� �tteh�gen,
och kring dess gr�na sidor, sk�ld vid sk�ld
och sv�rd i handen, stodo Nordens m�n,
den ena ringen innanf�r den andra, 90
upp emot toppen; men p� domarstenen,
m�rk som ett �skmoln, satt din broder Helge,
den bleke blodman med de skumma blickar;
och j�mte honom, ett fullvuxet barn,
satt Halvdan, tankl�st lekande med sv�rdet. 95
D� steg jag fram och talte: "Kriget st�r
och sl�r p� h�rsk�ld invid landets gr�nser;
ditt rike, konung Helge, �r i fara:
giv mig din syster, och jag l�nar dig
min arm i striden, den kan bli dig nyttig. 100
L�t grollet vara gl�mt emellan oss!
Ej g�rna n�r jag det mot Ingborgs broder.
Var billig, konung, r�dda p� en g�ng
din gyllne krona och din systers hj�rta!
H�r �r min hand. Vid Asa-Tor, det �r 105
den sista g�ng hon bjuds dig till f�rsoning."--
D� blev ett gny p� tinget. Tusen sv�rd
sitt bifall hamrade p� tusen sk�ldar,
och vapenklangen fl�g mot skyn, som glad
drack fria m�nners bifall till det r�tta. 110
"Giv honom Ingeborg, den sm�rta liljan,
den sk�naste, som v�xt i v�ra dalar;
han �r den b�sta klingan i v�rt land,
giv honom Ingeborg!"--Min fosterfader,
den gamle Hilding, med sitt silversk�gg, 115
steg fram och h�ll ett tal, av vishet fullt,
med korta k�rnspr�k, klingande som sv�rdshugg;
och Halvdan sj�lv ifr�n sitt kungas�te
sig reste, bedjande med ord och blickar.
Det var f�rg�ves; varje b�n var spilld, 120
liksom ett solsken, sl�sat bort p� klippan,
det lockar ingen v�xt fr�n hennes hj�rta;
och konung Helges anlet blev sig likt:
ett bleklagt nej p� m�nsklighetens b�ner.
"�t bondesonen--sade han f�raktligt-- 125
jag kunnat Ingborg ge, men tempelsk�ndarn
syns mig ej passa f�r Valhalladottern.
Har du ej, Fritiof, brutit Balders fred?
Har du ej sett min syster i hans tempel,
n�r dagen g�mde sig f�r edert m�te? 130
Ja eller nej!" D� skallade ett rop
ur mannaringen: "S�g blott nej, s�g nej!
Vi tro dig p� ditt ord, vi fria f�r dig,
du Torstens son, s� god som kungasonen;
s�g nej, s�g nej, och Ingeborg �r din!"-- 135
"Min levnads lycka h�nger p� ett ord
--sad' jag--, men frukta ej f�r det, kung Helge!
Jag vill ej ljuga mig till Valhalls gl�dje,
och ej till jordens. Jag har sett din syster,
har talt med henne uti templets natt, 140
men Balders fred har jag ej d�rf�r brutit."--
Jag fick ej tala mer. Ett sorl av fasa
fl�g tinget genom: de, som stodo n�rmast,
sig drogo undan, liksom f�r en pestsjuk;
och n�r jag s�g mig om, den dumma vantron 145
f�rlamat varje tunga, kalkat vit
var kind, nyss blossande av glad f�rhoppning.
D� segrade kung Helge. Med en r�st
s� hemsk, s� dyster som den d�da valans
i Vegtamskvida, n�r hon sj�ng f�r Oden 150
om �sars of�rd och om Helas seger,
s� hemskt han talte: "Landsflykt eller d�d
jag kunde s�tta, efter f�drens lagar,
upp� ditt brott; men jag vill vara mild,
som Balder �r, vars helgedom du skymfat. 155
I V�sterhavet ligger det en krans
av �ar, dem jarl Angantyr beh�rskar.
S� l�nge Bele levde, jarlen gav
vart �r sin skatt; sen har den uteblivit.
Drag �fver b�ljan h�n och indriv skatten! 160
det �r den bot, jag fordrar f�r din dj�rvhet.
Det s�gs--tillade han med nedrigt h�n--,
att Angantyr �r h�rdh�nt, att han ruvar
som draken Fafner p� sitt guld, men vem
st�r mot v�r nye Sigurd Fafnesbane? 165
En mera manlig bragd f�rs�ke du
�n d�ra jungfrur uti Balders hage!
Till n�sta sommar v�nta vi dig h�r
med all din �ra, framf�r allt med skatten.
Om icke, Fritiof, �r du var mans niding 170
och f�r din livstid fridl�s i v�rt land."--
S� var hans dom, och h�rmed l�stes tinget.

_Ingeborg_.
Och ditt beslut?

_Fritiof_.
Har jag v�l mer ett val? 175
�r ej min �ra bunden vid hans fordran?
Den skall jag l�sa, om ock Angantyr
f�rg�mt sitt lumpna guld i Nastrands floder.
I dag �nnu far jag.

_Ingeborg_.
Och l�mnar mig?

_Fritiof_.
Nej, icke l�mnar dig, du f�ljer med. 180

_Ingeborg_.
Om�jligt!

_Fritiof_.
H�r mig, h�r mig, f�rrn du svarar!
Din vise broder Helge tycks ha gl�mt,
att Angantyr var v�n utav min fader,
liksom av Bele; kanske giver han 185
med godo vad jag fordrar; men om icke,
en v�ldig �vertalare, en skarp,
har jag, han h�nger vid min v�nstra sida.
Det k�ra guldet skickar jag till Helge,
och d�rmed l�ser jag oss b�gge fr�n 190
den kr�nte hycklarns offerkniv f�r alltid.
Men sj�lva, sk�na Ingborg, hissa vi
Ellidas segel �ver ok�nd v�g;
hon gungar oss till n�gon v�nlig strand,
som sk�nker fristad �t en bil tog k�rlek. 195
Vad �r mig Norden, vad �r mig ett folk,
som bleknar f�r ett ord av sina diar
och vill med fr�cka h�nder gripa i
mitt hj�rtas helgedom, mitt v�sens blomkalk?
Vid Freja, det skall icke lyckas dem. 200
En usel tr�l �r bunden vid den torva,
d�r han blef f�dd, men jag vill vara fri,
s� fri som bergens vind. En handfull stoft
utav min faders h�g och en av Beles
f� �nnu rum om skeppsbord; det �r allt 205
vad vi beh�va utav fosterjorden.
Du �lskade, det finns en annan sol
�n den, som bleknar �ver dessa sn�berg;
det finns en himmel, sk�nare �n h�r,
och milda stj�rnor med gudomlig glans 210
se ner d�rfr�n i varma sommarn�tter,
i lagerlundar p� ett troget par.
Min fader, Torsten Vikingsson, for vida
omkring i h�rnad och f�rtalte ofta
vid brasans sken i l�nga vinterkv�llar 215
om Greklands hav och �arna d�ri,
de gr�na lunder i den blanka b�ljan.
Ett m�ktigt sl�kte bodde fordom d�r
och h�ga gudar uti marmortempel.
Nu st� de �vergifna, gr�set frodas 220
� �de stigar, och en blomma v�xer
ur runorna, som tala forntids vishet;
och sm�rta pelarstammar gr�nska d�r,
omlindade av S�derns rika rankor.
Men runtomkring b�r jorden av sig sj�lv 225
en os�dd sk�rd, vad m�nniskan beh�fver,
och gyllne �pplen gl�da mellan l�ven,
och r�da druvor h�nga p� var gren
och sv�lla yppiga som dina l�ppar.
D�r, Ingeborg, d�r bygga vi i v�gen 230
ett litet Norden, sk�nare �n h�r;
och med v�r trogna k�rlek fylla vi
de l�tta tempelvalven, f�gna �n
med m�nsklig lycka de f�rg�tna gudar.
N�r seglarn d� med slappa dukar gungar 235
--ty stormen trivs ej d�r--f�rbi v�r �
i aftonrodnans sken och blickar glad
fr�n rosenf�rgad b�lja upp mot stranden,
d� skall han sk�da upp� templets tr�skel
den nya Freja--Afrodite, tror jag, 240
hon n�mns i deras spr�k--och undra p�
de gula lockar, flygande i vinden,
och �gon, ljusare �n S�derns himmel.
Och efter hand kring henne v�xer opp
ett litet tempelsl�kte utav alfer 245
med kinder, d�r du tror att S�dern satt
i Nordens drivor alla sina rosor.--
Ack, Ingeborg, hur sk�n, hur n�ra st�r
all jordisk lycka f�r tv� trogna hj�rtan!
Blott de ha mod att gripa henne fatt, 250
hon f�ljer villigt med och bygger dem
ett Vingolv redan h�r inunder molnen.
Kom, skynda! varje ord, som talas �n,
tar bort ett �gonblick ifr�n v�r s�llhet.
Allt �r berett, Ellida sp�nner redan 255
de m�rka �rnevingarna till flykt,
och friska vindar visa v�gen fr�n,
f�r evigt fr�n den vantrofyllda stranden.
Vi dr�jer du?

_Ingeborg_.
Jag kan ej f�lja dig. 270

_Fritiof_.
Ej f�lja mig?

_Ingeborg_.
Ack, Fritiof, du �r lycklig!
Du f�ljer ingen, du g�r sj�lv f�rut,
som stammen p� ditt drakskepp, men vid rodret
din egen vilja st�r och styr din fart 265
med stadig hand ut�ver vreda v�gor.
Hur annorlunda �r det ej med mig!
Mitt �de vilar uti andras h�nder,
de sl�ppa ej sitt rov, fast�n det bl�der;
och offra sig och klaga och f�rtyna 270
i l�ngsam sorg �r kungadotterns frihet.

_Fritiof_.
�r du ej fri, s� snart du vill?--I h�gen
din fader sitter.

_Ingeborg_.
Helge �r min fader,
�r i min faders st�lle; av hans bifall 275
beror min hand, och Beles dotter stj�l
sin lycka ej, hur n�ra ock den ligger.
Vad vore kvinnan, om hon slet sig l�s
ifr�n de band, varmed Allfader f�st
invid den starke hennes svaga v�sen? 280
Den bleka vattenliljan liknar hon:
med v�gen stiger hon, med v�gen faller,
och seglarns k�l g�r �ver henne fram
och m�rker icke, att han sk�r dess st�ngel.
Det �r nu hennes �de; men likv�l, 285
s� l�nge roten h�nger fast i sanden,
har v�xten �n sitt v�rde, l�nar f�rgen
av bleka syskonstj�rnor ovanfr�n,
en stj�rna sj�lv upp� de bl�a djupen.
Men rycker hon sig l�s, d� driver hon, 290
ett vissnat blad, omkring den �de b�ljan.
F�rliden natt--den natten var f�rf�rlig,
jag v�ntade dig st�ndigt, och du kom ej,
och nattens barn, de allvarsamma tankar
med svarta lockar, gingo j�mt f�rbi 295
mitt vakna �ga, brinnande och t�rl�st;
och Balder sj�lv, blodl�se guden, s�g
med blickar fulla utav hot upp� mig--
f�rliden natt har jag bet�nkt mitt �de,
och mitt beslut �r fattat: jag blir kvar, 300
ett lydigt offer vid min broders altar.
Dock var det v�l, att jag ej h�rt dig d�
med dina �ar, diktade i molnen,
d�r aftonrodnan ligger st�ndigt kring
en enslig blomsterv�rld av frid och k�rlek. 305
Vem vet, hur svag man �r? Min barndoms dr�mmar,
de l�nge tystade, st� upp igen
och viska i mitt �ra med en r�st
s� v�lbekant, som vore det en systers,
s� �m, som vore det en �lskares. 310
Jag h�r er icke, nej, jag h�r er icke,
I lockande, I fordom k�ra st�mmor!
Vad skulle jag, ett Nordens barn, i S�dern?
Jag �r f�r blek f�r rosorna d�ri,
f�r f�rgl�st �r mitt sinne f�r dess gl�d, 315
det skulle br�nnas av den heta solen,
och l�ngtansfullt mitt �ga skulle se
mot Nordens stj�rna, vilken st�r alltj�mt,
en himmelsk skiltvakt, �ver f�drens gravar.
Min �dle Fritiof skall ej flykta fr�n 320
det k�ra land han f�ddes att f�rsvara,
skall icke kasta bort sitt rykte f�r
en sak s� ringa som en flickas k�rlek.
Ett liv, d�r solen spinner, �r fr�n �r,
den ena dagen alltid lik den andra, 325
ett sk�nt men evigt enahanda �r
f�r kvinnan endast; men f�r mannens sj�l,
och helst f�r din, blev livets stiltje tr�ttsam.
Du trives b�st, d�r stormen tumlar kring
p� skummig g�ngare ut�ver djupen 330
och p� din planka, upp� liv och d�d,
du k�mpa f�r med faran om din �ra.
Den sk�na �knen, som du m�lar, bleve
en grav f�r bragder, icke f�dda �n,
och med din sk�ld f�rrostades j�mv�l 335
ditt fria sinne. S� skall det ej vara!
Ej skall jag stj�la bort min Fritiofs namn
ur skaldens s�nger, icke jag skall sl�cka
min hj�ltes �ra i dess morgonrodnad.
Var vis, min Fritiof, l�t oss vika f�r 340
de h�ga nornor, l�t oss r�dda ur
v�rt �des skeppsbrott dock �nnu v�r �ra,
v�r levnads lycka kan ej r�ddas mer:
vi _m�ste_ skiljas.

_Fritiof_.
Varf�r m�ste vi? 345
F�r det en s�mnl�s natt f�rst�mt ditt sinne!

_Ingeborg_.
F�r det mitt v�rde r�ddas b�r och ditt.
_Fritiof_.
P� mannens k�rlek vilar kvinnans v�rde.

_Ingeborg_.
Ej l�nge �lskar han den, han ej aktar.

_Fritiof_.
Med l�sa nycker vinns hans aktning ej. 350

_Ingeborg_.
En �del nyck �r k�nslan av det r�tta.

_Fritiof_.
V�r k�rlek stridde ej mot den i g�r.

_Ingeborg_.
I dag ej heller, men v�r flykt dess mera.

_Fritiof_.
N�dv�ndigheten bjuder henne, kom!

_Ingeborg_.
Vad som �r r�tt och �delt, �r n�dv�ndigt. 355

_Fritiof_.
H�gt rider solen, tiden g�r f�rbi.

_Ingeborg_.
Ve mig, han �r f�rbi, f�rbi f�r alltid!

_Fritiof_.
Besinna dig, �r det ditt sista ord?

_Ingeborg_.
Jag har besinnat allt, det �r mitt sista.

_Fritiof_.
V�lan, farv�l, farv�l, kung Helges syster! 360

_Ingeborg_.
O Fritiof, Fritiof, skola _s�_ vi skiljas?
Har du ej n�gon v�nlig blick att ge
�t barndomsv�nnen, ingen hand att r�cka
�t den olyckliga, du �lskat f�rr?
Tror du, jag st�r p� rosor h�r och visar 365
min levnads lycka leende ifr�n mig
och sliter utan sm�rta ur mitt br�st
ett hopp, som v�xt tillhopa med mitt v�sen?
Var icke du mitt hj�rtas morgondr�m?
Var gl�dje, som jag k�nde, hette Fritiof, 370
och allt, vad livet stort och �delt har,
tog dina anletsdrag inf�r mitt �ga.
F�rdunkla ej den bilden f�r mig, m�t
med h�rdhet ej den svaga, n�r hon offrar,
vad henne k�rast var p� jordens rund, 375
vad henne k�rast blir i Valhalls salar!
Det offret, Fritiof, �r nog tungt �nd�;
ett ord till tr�st det kunde v�l f�rtj�na.
Jag vet, du �lskar mig, har vetat det,
alltsen mitt v�sen b�rjade att dagas, 380
och s�kert f�ljer dig din Ingborgs minne
i m�nga �r �nnu, varthelst du far.
Men vapenklangen d�var sorgen dock,
hon bl�ser bort upp� de vilda v�gor
och t�rs ej s�tta sig p� k�mpens b�nk, 385
vid dryckeshornet firande sin seger.
Blott d� och d�, n�r uti nattens frid
du m�nstrar �n en g�ng f�rflutna dagar,
d� skymtar fram bland dem en bleknad bild:
du k�nner honom v�l, han h�lsar dig 390
fr�n k�ra trakter, det �r bilden av
den bleka jungfrun uti Balders hage.
Du m� ej visa honom bort, fast�n
han blickar sorgligt, du m� viska honom
ett v�nligt ord i �rat: nattens vindar 395
p� trogna vingar f�ra det till mig,
_en_ tr�st likv�l, jag har ej n�gon annan!--
F�r mig �r intet, som f�rstr�r min saknad;
i allt, som omger mig, har hon en m�lsman.
De h�ga tempelvalven tala blott 400
om dig, och gudens bild, som skulle hota,
tar dina anletsdrag, n�r m�nen skiner.
Ser jag �t sj�n, d�r sam din k�l och skar
i skum sin v�g till l�ngterskan p� stranden.
Ser jag �t lunden, d�r st�r m�ngen stam 405
med Ingborgs runor ritade i barken.
Nu v�xer barken ut, mitt namn f�rg�s,
och det betyder d�den, s�ger sagan.
Jag fr�gar dagen, var han s�g dig sist,
jag fr�gar natten, men de tiga still, 410
och havet sj�lvt, som b�r dig, svarar p�
min fr�ga endast med en suck mot stranden.
Med aftonrodnan skall jag skicka dig
en h�lsning, n�r hon sl�cks i dina v�gor,
och himmelns l�ngskepp, molnen, skola ta 415
ombord en klagan fr�n den �vergivna.
S� skall jag sitta i min jungfrubur,
en svartkl�dd �nka efter livets gl�dje,
och s�mma brutna liljor uti duken,
tills en g�ng v�ren v�vt sin duk och s�mmar 420
den full med b�ttre liljor p� min grav.
Men tar jag harpan f�r att sjunga ut
o�ndlig sm�rta uti djupa toner,
d� brister jag i gr�t, som nu----

_Fritiof_.
Du segrar, Beles dotter, gr�t ej mera! 425
F�rl�t min vrede; det var blott min sorg,
som f�r ett �gonblick tog vredens dr�kt;
den dr�kten kan hon icke b�ra l�nge.
Du �r min goda norna, Ingeborg:
vad �delt �r, l�r b�st ett �delt sinne. 430
N�dv�ndighetens vishet kan ej ha
en b�ttre f�respr�kerska �n dig,
du sk�na vala med de rosenl�ppar!
Ja, jag vill vika f�r n�dv�ndigheten,
vill skiljas fr�n dig men ej fr�n mitt hopp; 435
jag tar det med mig �ver v�sterv�gor,
jag tar det med mig intill gravens port.
Med n�sta v�rdag �r jag h�r igen;
kung Helge, hoppas jag, skall se mig �ter.
D� har jag l�st mitt l�fte, fyllt hans fordran, 440
f�rsont j�mv�l det brott, man diktat p� mig;
och d� beg�r jag, nej, jag fordrar dig
p� �ppet ting emellan blanka vapen,
ej utav Helge men av Nordens folk;
det �r din giftoman, du kungadotter! 445
Jag har ett ord att s�ga den, som v�grar.
Farv�l till dess, var trogen, gl�m mig ej,
och tag, till minne av v�r barndomsk�rlek,
min armring b�r, ett sk�nt vaulunderverk,
med himlens under ritade i guldet 450
--det b�sta undret �r ett troget hj�rta--.
Hur sk�nt han passar till din vita arm,
en lysmask lindad kring en liljest�ngel!
Farv�l, min brud, min �lskade, farv�l,
om n�gra m�na'r �r det annorlunda! 455

_(G�r.)_

_Ingeborg_.

Hur glad, hur trotsig, hur f�rhoppningsfull

han s�tter spetsen av sitt goda sv�rd
p� nornans br�st och s�ger: Du skall vika!
Du arme Fritiof, nornan viker ej,
hon g�r sin g�ng och ler �t Angurvadel. 460
Hur litet k�nner du min m�rke broder!
Ditt �ppna hj�ltesinne fattar ej
det dystra djupet utav hans och hatet,
som gl�der i hans avundsjuka barm.
Sin systers hand ger han dig aldrig; f�rr 465
han ger sin krona, ger sitt liv till spillo
och offrar mig �t gamle Oden eller
�t gamle Ring, som nu han k�mpar mot.--
Varhelst jag ser, finns intet hopp f�r mig;
dock �r jag glad, det lever i ditt hj�rta. 470
Jag vill beh�lla f�r mig sj�lv min sm�rta,
men alla goda gudar f�lje dig!
H�r p� din armring dock sig r�kna l�ter
var s�rskild m�nad av en l�ngsam sorg;
tv�, fyra, sex, d� kan du vara �ter 475
men finner icke mer din Ingeborg.

IX.

INGEBORGS KLAGAN.

Nu �r det h�st, 1
stormande h�ver sig havets br�st.
Ack, men hur g�rna jag sute
�nd� d�r ute!

L�nge jag s�g 2

seglet i v�ster, det fl�g p� sin v�g.
Ack, det �r lyckligt, f�r f�lja
Fritiof p� b�lja.

B�lja, du bl�, 3
sv�ll ej s� h�gt det g�r fort nog �nd�.
Lysen, I stj�rnor, och s�gen
seglaren v�gen!

N�r det blir v�r, 4

kommer han hem, men den �lskade g�r
ej till hans m�te i salen,
icke i dalen;

ligger i mull, 5
bleknad och kall f�r sin k�rleks skull,
eller hon klagar och bl�der,
offrad av br�der.--

Falk som han gl�mt! 6

Du skall bli min, jag vill �lska dig �mt.
Sj�lv vill jag mata f�r �garn
vingade j�garn.

H�r p� hans hand 7

virkar jag in dig i dukens rand,
vingar av silver och rika
guldklor tillika.

Falkvingar tog 8
Freja en g�ng och kring rymderna drog,
s�kte i norr och i s�der
�lskade �der.

L�nte du ock 9
vingarna ut, du ej bure mig dock.
D�den allena mig bringar
gudarnas vingar.

J�gare sk�n, 10
sitt p� min skuldra och blicka �t sj�n!
Ack, hur vi l�ngte och blicke,
kommer han icke.

N�r jag �r d�d, 11

kommer han s�kert; minns d�, vad jag bj�d:
h�lsa och h�lsa du �ter
Fritiof, som gr�ter!

X.

FRITIOF P� HAVET.

Men p� stranden stod 1

kung Helge och kvad
med f�rbittrat mod,
och till trollen han bad.
Se, d� m�rknar himlab�gen,
dundret g�r kring �de rum,
och i djupet kokar v�gen,
och dess yta h�ljs med skum.
Blixtarna i molnen draga
h�r och d�r en blodig rand,
alla havets f�glar jaga
skrikande emot sin strand.

"H�rt blir v�dret, br�der!

Stormens vingar h�r jag
flaxande i fj�rran,
men vi blekna ej.
Sitt du lugn i lunden,
t�nk p� mig och l�ngta,
sk�n i dina t�rar,
sk�na Ingeborg!"

Mot Ellidas stam 2

drog ett trollpar till fejd.
Det var vindkall Ham,
det var sn�ig Hejd.

Och d� l�sas stormens vingar,

och den vilde doppar dem
�n i djupet, �n han svingar
virvlande mot gudars hem.
Alla fasans makter skrida,
ridande p� v�gens topp,
ur den skummiga, den vida,
bottenl�sa graven opp.

"Sk�nare var f�rden

uti m�nens skimmer
�ver spegelv�gor
h�n mot Balders lund.
Varmare, �n h�r �r,
var vid Ingborgs hj�rta,
vitare �n havsskum
sv�llde hennes barm."

Nu Solundar-� 3
st�r ur v�g, som g�r vit,
d�r �r stillare sj�,
d�r �r hamn, styr dit!

Men f�rv�gen viking r�des

ej s� l�tt p� trofast ek,
st�r vid styret sj�lv och glades
�t de vilda vindars lek.
H�rdare han seglen f�ster,
skarpare han v�gen sk�r.
Rakt i v�ster, rakt i v�ster
skall det g�, vart b�ljan b�r.

"Lyster mig att k�mpa

�n en stund mot stormen.
 Storm och nordbo trivas
v�l ihop p� sj�n.
Ingborg skulle blygas,
om dess havs�rn fl�ge
r�dd, med slappa vingar,
f�r en il i land."

Men nu v�xer v�g, 4

nu f�rdjupas g�l,
och det viner i t�g,
och det knakar i k�l.

Dock, hur v�gorna m� strida,

tumlande nu med, nu mot,
gudatimrade Ellida
trotsar �nnu deras hot.
Som ett stj�rnskott uti kv�llen,
skjuter hon sin fart i fr�jd,
hoppar, som en bock p� fj�llen,
�ver avgrund, �ver h�jd.

"B�ttre var att kyssa

brud i Balders hage
�n st� h�r och smaka
saltskum, som yr opp.
B�ttre var att famna
kungadotterns midja
�n st� h�r och gripa
roderst�ngen om."

Men o�ndlig k�ld 5

sn�ar skyn utur,
och p� d�ck och p� sk�ld
smattrar hagelskur.

Och emellan skeppets stammar

kan du icke se f�r natt,
d�r �r m�rkt som i den kammar,
d�r den d�de bliver satt.
Of�rsonlig v�g, f�rtrollad,
vill dra seglaren i krav;
vitgr�, som med aska s�llad,
gapar en o�ndlig grav.

"Bl�a bolstrar b�ddar

Ran i djupet �t oss,
men mig bida dina
bolstrar, Ingeborg!
Goda dr�ngar lyfta
�rorna Ellidas,
gudar byggde k�len,
b�r oss �n en stund."

�ver styrbord gick 6

nu en sj� med fart,
i ett �gonblick,
spolas d�cket klart.
D� fr�n armen Fritiof drager
l�dig guldring, tre mark tung,
blank som sol i morgondager,
var en sk�nk av Bele kung.
Hugger s� i stycken ringen,
konstfullt utav dv�rgar gjord,
delar den och gl�mmer ingen
utav sina m�n ombord.

"Guld �r gott att hava

upp� giljarf�rden,
tomh�nt tr�de ingen
ner till sj�bl� Ran.
Kall �r hon att kyssa,
flyktig till att famna,
men vi f�sta havsbrud
med det br�nda guld."

Med f�rnyat hot 7

faller stormen p�,
och d� brister skot,
och d� springer r�.

Och mot skeppet, halvt begravet,

v�gorna till �ntring g�.
Hur man ocks� �ser, havet
�ser man ej ut �nd�.
Fritiof sj�lv kan ej sig d�lja,
att han d�den har ombord.
H�gre dock �n storm och b�lja
ryter �n hans h�rskarord.

"Bj�rn, kom hit till roder,

grip det starkt med bj�rnram!
S�dant v�der s�nda
Valhalls makter ej.
Trolldom �r � f�rde:
Helge niding kvad den
s�kert �ver v�gen,
jag vill upp och se."

Som en m�rd han fl�g 8

uti masten opp,
och d�r satt han h�g
och s�g ned fr�n topp.

Se, d� simmar f�r Ellida

havsval, lik en lossnad �,
och tv� leda havstroll rida
p� hans rygg i skummig sj�.
Hejd, med p�lsen sn�ad neder,
skepna'n lik den vita bj�rn,
Ham med vingar, dem han breder
viftande som stormens �rn.

"Nu, Ellida, g�ller

visa, om du g�mmer
hj�ltemod i j�rnfast,
 buktig barm av ek.
Lyssna till min st�mma:
�r du gudars dotter,
upp, med koppark�len
st�nga trollad val!"

Och Ellida h�r 9

p� sin herres r�st,
med ett spr�ng hon k�r
emot valens br�st.

Och en blodig str�le ryker

utur s�ret upp mot sky;
genomborrat vilddjur dyker
vr�lande til djupets dy.
P� en g�ng tv� lansar springa,
slungade av hj�ltearm,
mitt i luden isbj�rns bringa,
mitt i becksvart storm�rns barm.

"Bra, Ellida, tr�ffat!

Ej s� hastigt, tror jag,
dyker Helges drakskepp
upp ur blodig dy.
Hejd och Ham ej heller
h�lla sj�n nu l�ngre:
bittert �r att bita
i det bl�a st�l."

Och nu stormen flyr 10

p� en g�ng fr�n sj�n,
blott en svallv�g styr
mot den n�ra �n.

Och p� en g�ng solen tr�der

som en konung i sin sal,
�terlivar allt och gl�der
skepp och b�lja, berg och dal.
Hennes sista str�lar kr�na
klippans topp och dunkel lund,
alla k�nna nu de gr�na
str�nderna av Efjesund.

"Stego Ingborgs b�ner,

bleka m�r, mot Valhall,
b�jde liljevita
kn�n p� gudars guld.
T�r i ljusbl� �gon,
suck ur svandunsbarmar
r�rde asars hj�rtan.
L�t oss tacka dem!"

Men Ellidas stam, 11

utav valen st�tt,
g�r i marvad fram,
�r av f�rden tr�tt.

Tr�ttare �nd� av f�rden

�ro alla Fritiofs m�n,
knappast, st�dda emot sv�rden,
h�lla de sig uppe �n.
Bj�rn p� v�ldig skuldra drager
fyra utav dem i land,
Fritiof ensam �tta tager,
s�tter dem kring brasans brand.

"Blygens ej, I bleka!

V�g �r v�ldig viking;
det �r h�rt att k�mpa
emot havets m�r.
Se, d�r kommer mj�dhorn
vandrande p� guldfot,
v�rmer frusna lemmar.
Sk�l f�r Ingeborg!"

XI.

FRITIOF HOS ANGANTYR.

Nu �r att s�ga, huru 1

jarl Angantyr satt �n
uti sin sal av furu
och drack med sina m�n.
Han var s� glad i h�gen,
s�g ut �t bl�nad ban,
d�r solen sj�ng i v�gen
allt som en gyllne svan.

Vid f�nstret gamle Halvar 2

stod utanf�r p� vakt.
Han vaktade med allvar,
gav ock p� mj�det akt.
En sed den gamle hade:
han j�mt i botten drack,
och intet ord han sade,
blott hornet in han stack.

Nu sl�ngde han det vida 3

i salen in och kvad:
"Skepp ser jag b�ljan rida,
den f�rden �r ej glad.
M�n ser jag d�den n�ra;
nu l�gga de i land,
och tvenne j�ttar b�ra
de bleknade p� strand."--

Ut�ver b�ljans spegel 4

fr�n salen jarl s�g ned.
"Det �r Ellidas segel
och Fritiof, tror jag, med.
P� g�ngen och p� pannan
k�nns Torstens son igen.
S� blickar ingen annan
i Nordens land som den."
Fr�n dryckesbord helt modig 5
sprang Atle viking d�,
svartsk�ggig b�rs�rk, blodig
och grym att se upp�.
"Nu", skrek han, "vill jag pr�va,
vad ryktet ment d�rmed,
att Fritiof sv�rd kan d�va
och aldrig ber om fred."

Och upp med honom sprungo 6

hans bistra k�mpar tolv,
p� f�rhand luften stungo
och sv�ngde sv�rd och kolv.
De stormade mot stranden,
d�r tr�ttat drakskepp stod,
och Fritiof satt � sanden
och talte kraft och mod.

"L�tt kunde jag dig f�lla," 7

skrek Atle med stort gny,

"vill i ditt val dock st�lla
att k�mpa eller fly.
Men blott om fred du beder,
fast�n en k�mpe h�rd,
jag som en v�n dig leder
allt upp till jarlens g�rd."

"V�l �r jag tr�tt av f�rden", 8

genm�lte Fritiof vred,
"dock m� vi pr�va sv�rden,
f�rr�n jag tigger fred."
D� s�g man st�len ljunga
i solbrun k�mpehand,
p� Angurvadels tunga
var runa stod i brand.

Nu skiftas sv�rdshugg dryga, 9

och dr�pslag hagla nu,
och b�gges sk�ldar flyga
p� samma g�ng itu.
De k�mpar utan tadel
st� dock i kretsen fast.
Men skarpt bet Angurvadel,
och Atles klinga brast.

"Mot sv�rdl�s man jag sv�nger", 10

sad' Fritiof, "ej mitt sv�rd,
men lyster det dig l�nger,
vi pr�va annan f�rd."
Likt v�gor d� om h�sten
de b�gge storma an,
och st�lbekl�dda br�sten
sl� t�tt emot varann.

De brottades som bj�rnar 11

upp� sitt fj�ll av sn�,
de sp�nde hop som �rnar
ut�ver vredgad sj�.
Rotf�stad klippa h�lle
v�l knappast ut att st�,
och lummig j�rnek f�lle
f�r mindre tag �n s�.

Fr�n pannan svetten lackar, 12

och br�stet h�ves kallt,
och buskar, sten och backar
uppsparkas �verallt.
Med b�van slutet bida
st�lkl�dda m�n � strand;
det brottandet var vida
ber�mt i Nordens land.

Till slut dock Fritiof f�llde 13

sin fiende till jord,
han kn�t mot br�stet st�llde
och talte vredens ord:
"Blott jag mitt sv�rd nu hade,
du svarte b�rs�rkssk�gg,
jag genom livet lade
p� dig den vassa egg."

"Det skall ej hinder bringa", 14

sad' Atle, stolt i h�g.
"G� du och tag din klinga,
jag ligger som jag l�g.
Den ena som den andra
skall en g�ng Valhall se:
i dag m� jag v�l vandra,
i morgon du kanske."

Ej l�nge Fritiof dr�jde, 15

den lek han sluta vill,
han Angurvadel h�jde,
men Atle l�g dock still.
Det r�rde hj�ltens sinne,sin vrede d� han band,
h�ll midt i hugget inne
och tog den fallnes hand.

Nu Halvar skrek med iver 16

och hov sin vita stav:
"F�r edert slagsm�l bliver
h�r ingen gl�dje av.
P� bord st� silverfaten
och ryka l�nge sen,
f�r er skull kallnar maten,
och t�rsten g�r mig men."

F�rsonta tr�dde b�da 17

nu inom salens d�rr,
d�r mycket var att sk�da,
som Fritiof ej sett f�rr.
Grovhyvlad planka kl�der
ej nakna v�ggar d�r
men dyrbart gyllenl�der
med blommor och med b�r.
Ej mitt p� golvet gl�der 18
den muntra brasans sken,
men emot v�gg sig st�der
kamin av marmorsten.
Ej r�k i sal sig lade,
ej s�gs d�r sotad �s,
glasrutor f�nstren hade,
och d�rren hade l�s.

D�r str�cka silverstakar 19

ut armarna med ljus,
men intet stickbloss sprakar
att lysa k�mpens rus.
Helstekt, med sp�ckad bringa,
st�r hjort p� bordets rund,
med guldhov lyft att springa
och l�v i hornens lund.

Bak k�mpens stol en t�rna 20

st�r med sin liljehy
och blickar som en stj�rna
bakom en stormig sky.
D�r flyga lockar bruna,
d�r str�la �gon bl�,
och som en ros i runa
s� gl�da l�ppar sm�.

Men h�g � silverstolen 21

satt jarlen i sin prakt;
hans hj�lm var blank som solen
och pansar't guldbelagt.
Med stj�rnor �vers�llad
var manteln rik och fin,
och purpurbr�men f�llad
med fl�ckl�s hermelin.
Tre steg han gick fr�n bordet, 22
bj�d handen �t sin g�st
och v�nligt tog till ordet:
"Kom hit och sitt mig n�st!
R�tt m�nget horn jag t�mde
med Torsten Vikingsson;
hans son, den vittber�mde,
ej sitte fj�rran fr�n!"

D� s�gs han b�garn r�ga 23

med vin fr�n Sikel�;
det gnistrade som l�ga,
det skummade som sj�:
"V�lkommen g�st h�r inne,
du son utav min v�n!
Jag dricker Torstens minne,
Jag sj�lv och mina m�n".
En skald fr�n Morvens kullar 24
d� pr�var harpans g�ng.
I v�lska toner rullar
hans dystra hj�ltes�ng.
Men i norr�na tunga
en ann p� f�drens vis
h�rs Torstens bragder sjunga,
och han tog s�ngens pris.

Nu mycket jarlen sporde 25

om fr�nderna i Nord,
och Fritiof redogjorde
f�r allt med vittra ord.
Ej n�gon kunde klaga
p� vald uti hans dom,
han talte lugnt som Saga
i minnets helgedom.

N�r han d�rn�st ber�ttar, 26

vad han p� djupet s�g,
om Helges troll och j�ttar,
besegrade p� v�g,
d� gladas k�mpar alla,
d� sm�ler Angantyr,
och h�ga bifall sk�lla
till hj�ltens �ventyr.

Men n�r han talar �ter 27

om �lskad Ingeborg,
hur �mt den sk�na gr�ter,
hur �del i sin sorg,
d� suckar m�ngen t�rna
med kinderna i brand.
Ack, hur hon tryckte g�rna
den trogne �lskarns hand!

Sitt �rende framf�rde 28

den ungersven till slut,
och jarlen t�ligt h�rde,
till dess han talat ut.
"Skattskyldig var jag icke,
mitt folk �r fritt som jag:
kung Beles sk�l vi dricke
men lyda ej hans lag.

Hans s�ner ej jag k�nner, 29

men fordra de en g�rd,
v�l, som det h�ves m�nner,
de kr�ve den med sv�rd!
Vi m�ta dem p� stranden--
dock var din far mig k�r."--
D� vinkar han med handen
sin dotter, som satt n�r.

D�: sprang den blomstervidja 30

fr�n stol med gyllne karm;
hon var s� smal om midja,
hon var s� rund om barm.
I gropen upp� kinden
satt Astrild, liten skalk,
lik fj�riln, f�rd av vinden
allt i en rosenkalk.
Hon sprang till jungfruburen 31
och kom tillbaka med
gr�nvirkad pung, d�r djuren
g� under h�ga tr�d
och silverm�nen skiner
p� sj� av segel full;
dess l�s �r av rubiner
och tofsarna av gull.

Hon lade den i handen 32

upp� sin fader huld;
han fyllde den till randen
med fj�rran myntat guld.
"D�r �r min v�lkomstg�va,
g�r med den vad du vill;
men nu skall Fritiof lova
bli h�r i vinter still.

Mod gagnar allest�des, 33

men nu �r stormens tid,
och Hejd och Ham, jag r�des,
ha �ter kvicknat vid.
Ej alltid g�r Bllida
s� lyckligt spr�ng som sist,
och m�nga valar rida
sin v�g, fast en vi mist."

S� sk�mtades i salen 34
och dracks till dager ljus,
men gyllne vinpokalen
gav gl�dje blott, ej rus.
Fullbr�ddad sk�l vart �gnad
�t Angantyr till slut,
och s� i god v�lf�gnad
satt Fritiof vintern ut.

XII.

FRITIOFS �TERKOMST.

Men v�ren andas i bl�nad sky,

och jordens gr�nska blir �ter ny.
D� tackar Fritiof sin v�rd och s�tter
�nyo ut �ver b�ljans sl�tter,
och gl�ttigt skjuter hans svarta svan 5
sin silverf�ra p� solblank ban;
ty v�stanvindar med v�rens tunga
som n�ktergalar i seglen sjunga,
och �girs d�ttrar med sl�jor bl�
kring rodret hoppa och skjuta p�. 10
Det �r s� sk�nt, n�r du st�ven v�nder
fr�n fj�rran segling mot hemmets str�nder,
d�r r�ken stiger fr�n egen h�rd
och minnet vaktar sin barndomsv�rld
och friska k�llan din lekplats l�gar, 15
men f�dren sitta i gr�na h�gar
och, full av l�ngtan, den trogna m�n
st�r p� sin klippa och ser �t sj�n.--
Sex dar han seglar, men p� den sjunde
en m�rkbl� strimma han sk�nja kunde 20
vid himlaranden; den v�xer ut
med sk�r och �ar och land till slut.
Det �r _hans_ land, som ur b�ljan tr�der,
han ser dess skogar i gr�na kl�der,
han h�r dess forsar med skummigt larm, 25
och klippan blottar sin marmorbarm.
Han h�lsar n�sen, han h�lsar sunden
och seglar t�tt under gudalunden,
d�r sista sommar s� m�ngen natt
den glade sv�rmarn med Ingborg satt. 30
"Vi syns hon icke, kan hon ej ana,
hur n�r jag gungar p� m�rkbl� bana?
Kanske hon l�mnat sin Balders v�rd
och sitter sorgsen i kungens g�rd
och harpan sl�r eller guldet tvinnar."--35
D� stiger pl�tsligt fr�n templets tinnar
hans falk i h�jden och skjuter ned
p� Fritiofs axel, s� var hans sed.
Han flaxar st�ndigt med vita vingen,
fr�n skuldran lockar den trogne ingen; 40
han krafsar st�ndigt med brandgul klo,
han ger ej vika, han ger ej ro.
Han lutar krokn�bb till Fritiofs �ra,
det �r som hade han bud att f�ra
kanske fr�n Ingborg, fr�n �lskad brud, 45
men ingen fattar de brutna ljud.

Ellida susar nu fram om n�set,

hon hoppar glad som en hind p� gr�set,
ty v�lk�nd b�lja mot k�len sl�r,
men Fritiof munter i st�ven st�r. 50
Han gnuggar �gat, han l�gger handen
ut�ver pannan och ser �t stranden,
men hur han gnuggar, och hur han ser,
han finner icke sitt Framn�s mer.
Den nakna eldstad st�r upp ur mullen, 55
lik k�mpens benrad i �ttekullen;
d�r g�rden var, �r ett svedjeland,
och askan virvlar kring h�rjad strand.
F�rbittrad Fritiof fr�n skeppet hastar,
kring br�nda tomter han �gat kastar, 60
sin faders tomter, sin barndoms ban.
D� kommer hastigt lurvh�rig Bran,
hans hund, som ofta, s� k�ck som trogen,
f�r honom brottats med bj�rn i skogen.
Han g�r i gl�djen s� m�nga hopp, 65
han springer h�gt p� sin herre opp.
Mj�lkvite g�ngarn med guld i manen,
med ben som hinden, med hals som svanen,
den Fritiof ridit s� m�ngen g�ng,
ur dalen ilar med h�ga spr�ng. 70
Han gn�ggar gl�ttigt, han halsen v�nder,
han vill ha br�d ur sin herres h�nder.
Den arme Fritiof, mer arm �n de,
har ingenting att de trogna ge.--
Bedr�fvad, husvill--p� �rvda grunden 75
st�r Fritiof, blickar kring svedda lunden,
d� gamle Hilding mot honom g�r,
hans fosterfader med silverh�r.
"Vad h�r jag sk�dar mig knappt f�rundrar;
n�r �rn �r flugen, hans bo man plundrar. 80
En kunglig idrott f�r landets fred!
V�l h�ller Helge sin kungaed
att gudar dyrka och m�nskor hata,
och mordbrand heter hans eriksgata.
Det g�r mig snarare harm �n sorg; 85
men s�g mig nu, var �r Ingeborg?"--
"De bud, jag b�r dig", den gamle sade,
"jag r�ds, du finner dem f�ga glade.
S� snart du seglat, kung Ring br�t fram,
fem sk�ldar v�l jag mot en f�rnam. 90
I Disardalen, vid �n, stod slaget,
och blodr�tt skummade vattendraget.
Kung Halvdan sk�mtade j�mt och log,
men likafullt som en man han slog.
Jag h�ll min sk�ld �ver kungasonen, 95
jag var s� glad �t den l�rosp�nen.
Men l�nge h�lls ej den leken ut;
kung Helge flydde, d� vart det slut.
Men som han flydde, den asafr�nde,
f�rbi din g�rd, han i hast den t�nde. 100
F�r br�dren sattes d� tv� beting:
sin syster skulle de ge kung Ring,
hon ensam kunde hans skymf f�rsona;
om ej, s� toge han land och krona.
Och av och an gingo fredens bud; 105
men nu kung Ring har f�rt hem sin brud."--
"O kvinna, kvinna!" nu Fritiof sade,
"den f�rsta tanke, som Loke hade,
det var en l�gn, och han s�nde den
i kvinnoskepnad till jordens m�n. 110
En bl��gd l�gn, som med falska t�rar
alltj�mt oss tjusar, alltj�mt oss d�rar,
h�gbarmad l�gn med sin rosenkind,
med dygd av v�ris och tro av vind;
i hj�rtat fl�rden och sveket viska, 115
och mened dansar p� l�ppar friska.--
Och dock, hur var hon mitt hj�rta k�r,
hur k�r hon var mig, hur k�r hon �r!
Jag kan ej minnas s� l�ngt tillbaka,
att hon i leken ej var min maka. 120
Jag minns ej bragd, som jag t�nkt upp�,
d�r hon ej t�nktes som pris ocks�.
Som stammar, vuxna fr�n rot tillsamman,
sl�r Tor den ena med himlaflamman,
den andra vissnar; men l�vas en, 125
den andra kl�der i gr�nt var gren:
s� var v�r gl�dje, v�r sorg gemensam,
jag �r ej van att mig t�nka ensam.
Nu �r jag ensam. Du h�ga Var,
som med din griffel kring jorden far 130
och skriver eder p� gyllne skiva,
l�t bli det narrspel, l�t bli att skriva!
Med l�gner ristar du skivan full,
det skada �r p� det trogna gull.
En dikt jag minnes om Balders Nanna, 135
men sanning finns ej p� m�nsklig panna,
det finns ej trohet i m�nskobr�st--
n�r sveket l�nte min Ingborgs r�st,
den r�st lik vinden p� blomster�ngar,
lik harpoljudet fr�n Brages str�ngar. 140
Jag vill ej lyssna till harpoljud,
jag vill ej t�nka p� trol�s brud.
Vart stormen dansar, dit vill jag f�lja,
blod skall du dricka, du v�rldshavsb�lja!
Varhelst en klinga s�r h�gens s�d, 145
p� berg, i dal, vill jag vara med.
Jag t�r v�l m�ta en kung med krona,
mig lyster se, om jag d� skall skona.
Jag t�r v�l m�ta bland sk�ldars larm
en ungersven med f�r�lskad barm, 150
en narr, som litar p� tro och heder,
den vill jag hugga av �mkan neder,
vill spara honom att st� en dag
besviken, skymfad, f�rr�dd som jag."--

"Hur ungdomsblodet dock kokar �ver", 155

sad' gamle Hilding, "hur v�l beh�ver
det dock att kylas av �rens sn�,
och or�tt g�r du den �dla m�.
Anklaga icke min fosterdotter,
anklaga nornan, vars vreda lotter 160
ej m�nskor rubba; de falla fr�n
�skdiger himmel p� jordens son.
V�l h�rde ingen den �dlas klagan,
hon teg som Vidar i gudasagan,
hon s�rjde tyst som i sunnanskog 165
en turturduva, vars make dog.
F�r mig hon yppade dock sitt hj�rta,
i djupet bodde o�ndlig sm�rta.
Som vattenf�geln med s�rat br�st
till bottnen dyker--det �r hans tr�st, 170
att dagen icke i s�ret gl�der,
p� bottnen ligger han och f�rbl�der--,
s� hennes sm�rta i natt sj�nk ned,
jag ensam vet vad den starka led.
'Ett offer �r jag', hon sade ofta, 175
'f�r Beles rike: sn�blommor dofta
i fridsm�ns lockar, och vintergr�nt
kring offret h�nges, det �r dock sk�nt!
Jag kunde d�, men det vore skoning;
f�rt�rnad Balder vill blott f�rsoning, 180
en l�ngsam d�d, kan ej vila f�,
dess hj�rta klappar, dess pulsar sl�.
Men s�g f�r ingen den svagas strider!
Jag vill ej �mkas, ehur jag lider;
kung Beles dotter f�rdrar sin sorg, 185
men h�lsa Fritiof fr�n Ingeborg!'--
N�r br�llopsdagen nu kom--den dagen
jag g�rna sett fr�n min runstav tagen--,
mot templet skredo i l�ngsam f�rd
vitkl�dda jungfrur och m�n med sv�rd. 190
F�r skaran t�gade dyster s�ngarn,
men blek satt bruden p� svarte g�ngarn,
blek som en ande, som sitter p�
det svarta molnet, n�r �skor g�.
Jag hov ur sadeln min h�ga lilja, 195
jag ledde henne p� tempeltilja
till altarrunden; d�r sade hon
�t Lofn sitt l�fte med s�ker ton,
och mycket bad hon till vite guden,
och alla gr�to, s� n�r som bruden. 200
D� m�rkte Helge p� hennes arm
din ring, han ryckte den bort med harm;--
p� Balders bild nu den gyllne h�nger--.
Min vrede styrde jag d� ej l�nger;
jag rev fr�n l�nden mitt goda sv�rd, 205
ej mycket var d� kung Helge v�rd.
Men Ingborg viskade mig: 'L�t vara,
en broder kunnat mig detta spara,
dock mycket t�l man, f�rrn man f�rg�s,
Allfader d�mer emellan oss.'"-- 210

"Allfader d�mer", sad' Fritiof dyster,

"men litet ocks� mig d�ma lyster.
�r nu ej Balders midsommarfest?
I templet �r v�l den kr�nte pr�st,
mordbr�nnarkungen, som s�lt sin syster; 215
mig ocks� litet att d�ma lyster."

XIII.

BALDERS B�L.

Midnattssolen p� bergen satt, 1

blodr�d till att sk�da;
det var ej dag, det var ej natt,
det v�gde emellan b�da.

Baldersb�let, den solens bild, 2

brann p� vigda h�rden.
Snart �r �nd� l�gan spilld,
d� r�r H�der f�r v�rlden.

Pr�ster stodo kring tempelv�gg, 3

makade b�lets br�nder,
bleka gubbar med silversk�gg
och med flintkniv i h�rda h�nder.

Kung med krona st�r bredvid, 4

sysslar kring altarrunden.
H�r! D� klinga i midnattstid
vapen i offerlunden.

"Bj�rn, h�ll endast d�rren till, 5

f�ngna �ro de alle.
Ut eller in om n�gon vill,
klyv hans huvudskalle!"

Blek vart kungen, alltf�r v�l 6

k�nde han den r�sten.
Fram steg Fritiof med vredgad sj�l,
kvad som en storm om h�sten:

"H�r �r skatten, som du bj�d 7

h�mtas fr�n v�sterv�gor.
Tag den! Sedan p� liv och d�d
sl�ss vi vid Balders l�gor;

sk�ld p� ryggen, barmen bar, 8

ingen skall striden klandra.
F�rsta hugget som kung du har,
gl�m ej, mitt �r det andra.

Blicka ej �t d�rren s�! 9

R�v �r f�ngad i kula.
Tank p� Framn�s, t�nk upp�
systern med lockar gula!"--

S� han talte med hj�ltefog, 10

drog ur g�rdel pungen;
f�ga varsamt han den slog
mitt i pannan p� kungen.

Blodet frusade ut ur mund, 11

svart det blev f�r �ga:
d�nad l�g vid altarrund
asafr�nden h�ga.

"T�l du ej ditt eget guld, 12

fegaste i ditt rike?
Angurvadel vill ej ha skuld
att ha f�llt din like.

Stilla, pr�ster med offerkniv, 13

bleka m�nskensf�rstar!
Kunde g�lla ert usla liv,
ty min klinga t�rstar.

Vite Balder, styr din harm, 14

se ej p� mig s� mulen!
Ringen, som du b�r p� arm,
med f�rlov, han �r stulen.

Ej f�r dig, s� vitt jag vet, 15

smiddes han av Vaulunder.
V�ldet r�nade, jungfrun gr�t,
bort med de nidingsfunder!"--

Tappert drog han, men ring och arm 16

voro som grodda samman:
n�r den lossnade, st�p av harm
guden i offerflamman.

H�r! det knattrar, l�gan sl�r 17

guldtand i tak och sparrar.
D�dsblek Bj�rn i porten st�r,
Fritiof blygs, att han darrar.

"�ppna d�rren, sl�pp folket ut! 18

Vakt ej mer jag beh�ver.
Templet brinner, gjut vatten, gjut
hela havet d�r�ver!"

Nu fr�n templet och ned till strand 19

knyts en kedja av h�nder,
b�ljan vandrar fr�n hand till hand,
fr�ser mot svedda br�nder.

Fritiof sitter som regnets gud 20

h�gt p� bj�lken och fl�dar,
delar till alla sitt h�rskarbud,
lugn bland de heta d�dar.

F�f�ngt! Elden tar �verhand, 21

r�kmoln virvla och v�lta,
guldet droppar p� gl�dhet sand,
silverpl�tarna sm�lta.

Allt f�rlorat! Ur halvbr�nd sal 22

eldr�d hane sig svingar,
sitter p� takets �s och gal,
flaxar med l�sta vingar.

Morgonvinden spelar fr�n norr, 23

h�gt det mot himmeln blossar.
Balderslunden �r sommartorr,
l�gan �r hungrig och frossar.

Rasande far hon fr�n gren till gren, 24

�n har hon l�ngt till m�let.
Eja, vad vilt, vad rysligt sken!
V�ldigt �r Baldersb�let.

H�r, hur det knakar i r�mnad rot, 25

se, hur topparna gl�da!
Vad �r m�nniskokraft emot
Muspels s�ner, de r�da!

Eldhav b�ljar i Balders lund, 26

strandl�st svalla dess v�gor.
Sol g�r opp, men fj�rd och sund
spegla blott avgrundsl�gor.

Aska �r templet inom kort, 27

aska tempellunden;
sorgsen drager Fritiof bort,
gr�ter i morgonstunden.

XIV.

FRITIOF G�R I LANDSFLYKT.

P� skeppsd�ck satt
i sommarnatt
bedr�vad hj�lte.
Som v�gor v�lte
�n sorg, �n harm 5
uti hans barm;
och tempelbranden
r�k �n fr�n stranden.
"Du tempelr�k,
flyg h�gt och s�k, 10
s�k opp Valhalla
och nederkalla
den Vites h�mnd,
�t mig best�md!
Flyg dit och skvallra, 15
s� valven skallra,
om tempelrund,
f�rbr�nd till grund;
om tr�bel�tet,
som f�ll fr�n s�tet 20
och br�nde ned
som annan ved;
om lunden sedan,
fridlyst, alltsedan
sv�rd bands vid l�nd-- 25
nu �r han br�nd,
fick ej den heder
att ruttna neder!--
Det d�r, med mer,
som var man ser, 30
gl�m ej att f�ra
till Balders �ra,
du t�ckenbud
till t�cknig gud!

Helt visst besjungen 35

blir milde kungen,
som bannlyst mig,
ej just fr�n sig,
men fr�n sitt rike.
V�lan, vi vike 40
till riken bl�,
d�r v�gor g�.
Du f�r ej vila,
du m�ste ila,
Ellida, ut 45
till v�rldens slut.
Du m�ste vagga
i saltad fragga,
min drake god;
en droppe blod 50
ej heller skadar,
evar du vadar.
I stormens sus
�r du mitt hus;
det andra br�nde 55
gud Balders fr�nde.
Du �r min Nord,
min fosterjord;
ifr�n den andra
jag m�ste vandra. 60
Du �r min brud
i becksvart skrud;
ty p� den vita
var ej att lita.--

Du fria hav, 65
du vet ej av
kung, som f�rtrycker
med h�rskarnycker.
Din kung �r den
bland fria m�n, 70
som aldrig sk�lver,
hur h�gt du v�lver
i retad harm
vitskummig barm.
De bl�a f�lten 75
f�rn�ja hj�lten.
Hans k�lar g�
som plog d�rp�,
och blodregn dugga
i ekens skugga, 80
men st�lblankt �r
uts�det d�r.
De f�lten b�ra
sin sk�rd av �ra,
sin sk�rd av guld. 85
Bliv du mig huld,
du vilda b�lja!
Dig vill jag f�lja.
Min faders h�g
st�r still, och tr�g, 90
och v�gor d�na
omkring den gr�na.
Min skall bli bl�,
med havsskum p�,
skall st�ndigt simma 95
i storm och dimma
och dra allt fler
i djupet ner.--
Du blev mig givet
till hem i livet, 100
du blir min grav,
du fria hav!"

S� kvad den vilde.

Med sorg sig skilde
hans trogna st�v 105
fr�n v�lk�nd s�v.
Han vaggar sakta
bland sk�r, som vakta
�nnu i Nord
den grunda fjord. 110
Men h�mnden vakar:
med tio drakar
kung Helge sam
i sundet fram.
D� ropte alla: 115
"Nu kung vill falla.
Ett slag han ger;
ej trives mer
valhallasonen
inunder m�nen, 120
vill ovanom,
varfr�n han kom;
den gudabloden
vill hem till Oden."

Knappt var det sagt, 125

f�rrn osedd makt
vid k�ln sig hakar
p� Helges drakar.
Allt mer och mer
de dragas ner 130
till Ranas d�da,
och sj�lv med m�da
kung Helge sam
fr�n halvdr�nkt stam.--

Men Bj�rn den glade 135

log h�gt och sade:
"Du asablod,
den list var god.
Mig ingen sporrat,
jag skeppen borrat 140
f�rliden natt,
ett lovligt spratt!
Jag hoppas, Bana
af gammal vana
dem h�ller kvar; 145
men skada var,
att icke drotten
gick med till botten."

I vredesmod
kung Helge stod, 150
knappt fr�lst ur v�gen.
Han sp�nde b�gen,
st�lgjuten, rund,
mot klippig grund.
Han sj�lv ej k�nde, 155
hur h�rt han sp�nde,
tills med en klang
st�lb�gen sprang.

Men Fritiof v�ger

sin lans och s�ger: 160
"En d�ds�rn b�r
jag bunden h�r.
Om ut den fl�ge,
d� l�ge h�ge
kungsniding f�lld 165
f�r v�ld och v�ld.
Men frukta icke,
min lans ej dricke
den feges blod!
Den �r f�r god 170
f�r de bedrifter.
P� runogrifter
han ristas m�,
men icke p�
de nidingsst�nger, 175
d�r ditt namn h�nger.
Ditt mandomsr�n
f�rsj�nk i sj�n.
Till lands ej heller
det mycket g�ller. 180
Rost bryter st�l,
ej du; ett m�l
mer h�gt �n detta
vill jag mig s�tta.
Giv akt, hur vitt 185
det g�r fr�n ditt."--

D� tar han furen,

till �ra skuren,
en mastfur f�lld
i Gudbrands d�ld. 190
Han tar dess make
och ror sin drake.
Han ror med kraft:
som r�rpils skaft,
som kallbr�ckt klinga, 195
de �ror springa.--

Nu sol g�r opp

bak fj�llens topp,
och vinden ljuder
fr�n land och bjuder 200
var v�g till dans
i morgonglans.
P� b�ljans toppar
Ellida hoppar
i fr�jd �stad; 205
men Fritiof kvad:

"Heimskringlas panna,
du h�ga Nord!
Jag f�r ej stanna
upp� din jord. 210
Fr�n dig att stamma
jag yvs med sk�l.
Nu, hj�lteamma,
farv�l, farv�l!

Farv�l, du h�ga 215

valhallastol,
du nattens �ga,
midsommarsol!
Du klara himmel,
lik hj�ltens sj�l, 220
du stj�rnevimmel,
farv�l, farv�l!

Farv�l, I fj�llar,
d�r �ran bor!
I runoh�llar 225
f�r v�ldig Tor!
I bl�a sj�ar,
jag k�nt'� v�l,
I sk�r och �ar,
farv�l, farv�l! 230

Farv�l, I h�gar
vid b�lja bl�,
dem linden sn�gar
sitt blomdoft p�;
men Saga d�mer 235
med r�ttvis sj�l
vad jorden g�mmer:
farv�l, farv�l!
Farv�l, I lunder,
I gr�na hus, 240
jag lekt inunder
vid b�ckens sus!
I barndomsv�nner,
som ment mig v�l,
jag �n er k�nner; 245
farv�l, farv�l!
Min k�rlek g�ckad,
min g�rd �r br�nd,
min �ra fl�ckad,
i landsflykt s�nd! 250
Fr�n jord vi v�dje
till havet v�l,
men livets gl�dje,
farv�l, farv�l!"

XV.

VIKINGABALK.

Nu han sv�vade kring p� det �dsliga hav, han for vida 1

som jagande falk;
men f�r k�mpar ombord skrev han lagar och r�tt. Vill
du h�ra hans vikingabalk?

"Ej m� t�ltas � skepp, ej m� sovas i hus: inom salsd�rr 2

blott fiender st�.
Viking sove p� sk�ld och med sv�rdet i hand, och till
t�lt har han himmeln den bl�.

Kort �r hammarens skaft hos den segrande Tor, blott 3

en aln l�ngt �r sv�rdet hos Frej.
Det �r nog; har du mod, g� din fiende n�r, och f�r kort
�r din klinga d� ej.
N�r det stormar med makt, hissa seglen i topp! det �r 4
lustigt p� stormande hav.
L�t det g�, l�t det g�! den, som stryker, �r feg; f�rrn
du stryker, g� hellre i krav!

M� �r fridlyst � land, f�r ej komma ombord: var det 5

Freja, hon sveke dig dock;
ty den gropen p� kind �r den falskaste grop, och ett n�t
�r den flygande lock.

Vin �r Valfaders dryck, och ett rus �r dig unt, om du 6

endast med sansning det b�r:
den, som raglar � land, kan st� upp, men till Ran, till
den s�vande, raglar du h�r.

Seglar kr�mare fram, m� du skydda hans skepp, men 7

den svage ej v�gre dig tull!
Du �r kung p� din v�g, han �r slav av sin vinst, och
ditt st�l �r s� gott som hans gull.

Gods m� skiftas � d�ck genom t�rning och lott: hur den 8

faller, beklaga ej dig!
Men sj�konungen sj�lv kastar t�rningen ej, han beh�ller
blott �ran f�r sig.

Nu syns vikingaskepp, d� �r �ntring och strid, det g�r 9

hett under sk�ldarna till;
Om du viker ett steg, har du avsked fr�n oss, det �r
lagen, g�r sen som du vill!

N�r du segrat, var n�jd! Den, som beder om frid, har 10

ej sv�rd, �r din fiende ej;
b�n �r valhallabarn, h�r den bleknades r�st, den �r
niding, som ger henne nej.

S�r �r vikingavinst, och det pryder sin man, n�r p� br�st 11

eller panna det st�r;
l�t det bl�da, f�rbind det, sen dygnet �r om men ej f�rr,
vill du h�lsas f�r v�r."--

S� han ristade lag, och hans namn med var dag v�xte 12
vida p� fr�mmande kust,
och sin like han fann ej p� bl�nande sj�, och hans
k�mpar de stridde med lust.

Men han sj�lv satt vid rodret och blickade m�rk, han 13
s�g ned i det vaggande bl�:
"Du �r djup; i ditt djup trives friden kanske, men hon
trives ej ovanupp�.

�r den Vite mig vred, m� han taga sitt sv�rd, jag vill 14
falla, om s� �r best�mt;
men han sitter i skyn, skickar tankarna ned, som f�rm�rka
mitt sinne alltj�mt."--

Dock, n�r striden �r n�r, tar hans sinne sin flykt, stiger 15
dj�rvt som den vilade �rn,
och hans panna �r klar, och hans st�mma �r h�g, och
 som Ljungaren st�r han i f�rn.

S� han sam ifr�n seger till seger alltj�mt, han var trygg 16
p� den skummande grav,
och han synte i S�der b�d �ar och sk�r, och s� kom
han till Grekelands hav.

N�r han lunderna s�g, som ur v�gorna st�, med de 17

lutande templen uti,
vad han t�nkte, vet Freja, och skalden det vet, I, som
�lsken, I veten det, I!

"H�r vi skulle ha bott, h�r �r �, h�r �r lund, h�r �r 18

templet, min fader beskrev:
det var hit, det var hit jag den �lskade bj�d, men den �
h�rda i Norden f�rblev.

Bor ej friden i saliga dalarna d�r, bor ej minnet i pelareg�ng? 19

Och som �lskandes viskning �r k�llornas sorl, och som
bruds�ng �r f�glarnas s�ng.

Var �r Ingeborg nu? Har hon gl�mt mig alltren f�r 20

gr�h�rige, vissnade drott?
Ack! jag kan icke gl�mma; jag g�ve mitt liv f�r att se,
f�r att se henne blott.

Och tre �r ha f�rg�tt, sen jag sk�dat mitt land, idrotternas 21

konungasal;
st� de h�rliga fj�llen i himmeln �nnu? �r det gr�nt i min
f�dernedal?

P� den h�g, d�r min fader �r lagd, har jag satt en lind, 22
m�nn' hon lefver �nnu?
Och vem v�rdar den sp�da? Du jord, giv din must, och
din dagg, o du himmel, giv du!

Dock, vi ligger jag l�ngre p� fr�mmande v�g och tar 23

skatt och sl�r m�nskor ihj�l?
Jag har �ra alltnog, och det flammande guld, det lumpna,
f�raktar min sj�l.

D�r �r flagga p� mast, och den visar �t norr, och i norr 24

�r den �lskade jord;
jag vill f�lja de himmelska vindarnas g�ng, jag vill styra
tillbaka mot Nord."

XVI.

FRITIOF OCH BJ�RN.

_Fritiof_.
Bj�rn, jag �r ledsen vid sj� och v�g, 1
h�ljorna �ro oroliga s�llar.
Nordens de fasta, de �lskade fj�llar
locka med underlig makt min h�g.
Lycklig �r den, som hans land ej f�rskjutit,
ingen f�rjagat fr�n f�dernas grav!
Ack, f�r l�nge, f�r l�nge jag flutit
fridl�s omkring p� det vilda hav.

_Bj�rn_.
Havet �r gott, det m� du ej klandra: 2
frihet och gl�dje p� havet bo,
veta ej av den vekliga ro,
�lska alltj�mt att med b�ljorna vandra.
N�r jag blir gammal, vid gr�nskande jord
v�xer jag ocks� v�l fast som gr�sen.
Nu vill jag k�mpa och dricka ombord,
nu vill jag njuta mitt sorgfria v�sen.

_Fritiof_.
Isen har nu dock oss jagat i land, 3
runt kring v�r k�l ligga v�gorna d�da:
vintern, den l�nga, vill jag ej f�r�da
h�r ibland klippor p� �dslig strand.
�nnu en g�ng vill i Norden jag jula,
g�sta kung Ring och min r�vade brud;
se vill jag �ter de lockarna gula,
h�ra dess st�mmas de �lskade ljud.

_Bj�rn_.
Gott, jag f�rst�r dig: kung Ring skall r�na, 4
vikingah�mnden �r f�ga blid.
Kungsg�rd vi t�nda vid midnattstid,
sveda den gamle och r�va den sk�na.
Eller kanh�nda p� vikingavis
aktar du drotten en holmg�ng v�rdig,
eller han st�mmes till h�rslag p� is:--
s�g, hur du vill, jag �r genast f�rdig.

_Fritiof_.
N�mn mig ej mordbrand, och t�nk ej p� krig 5
fredlig till kungen min kosa jag st�ller.
Han har ej felat, hans drottning ej heller,
hamnande gudar ha straffat mig.
Litet har jag att p� jorden hoppas,
vill blott ta avsked av den, jag har k�r,
avsked f�r evigt! N�r lundarna knoppas,
kanske ock f�rr, �r jag �ter h�r.

_Bj�rn_.
Fritiof, din d�rskap jag aldrig f�rl�ter. 6
Klagan och suck f�r en kvinnas skull!
Jorden, ty v�rr, �r av kvinnor full,
miste du en, st� dig tusen �ter.
Vill du, s� h�mtar jag dig av det kram
hastigt en laddning fr�n gl�dande S�der,
r�da som rosor och sp�ka som lamm,
sen dra vi lott eller dela som br�der.

_Fritiof_.
Bj�rn, du �r �ppen och glad som Frej, 7
tapper att strida och klok att r�da;
Oden och Tor, dem k�nner du b�da,
Freja, den himmelska, k�nner du ej.
Icke om gudarnas makt m� vi tvista:
akta dig, v�ck ej den evigas harm!
Fort eller sent hennes slumrande gnista
vaknar i gudars och m�nniskors barm!

_Bj�rn_.
G� dock ej ensam, din hemv�g kan st�ngas. 8

_Fritiof_.
Ej g�r jag ensam, mitt sv�rd f�ljer med.

_Bj�rn_.
Minns du, hur Hagbart blev h�ngd i tr�d?

_Fritiof_.
Den, som kan tagas, �r v�rd att h�ngas.

_Bj�rn_.
Stupar du, stridsbror, jag h�mnar dig v�l,
ristar v�l blod�rn p� Fritiofs bane.

_Fritiof_.
On�digt, Bj�rn, den galande hane
h�r han ej l�ngre �n jag. Farv�l!

XVII.

FRITIOF KOMMER TILL KUNG RING.

Kung Ring han satt i h�gb�nk om julen och drack mj�d, 1

hos honom satt hans drottning s� vit och rosenr�d.
Som v�r och h�st dem b�da man s�g bredvid varann;
hon var den friska v�ren, den kulna h�st var han.

D� tr�dde uti salen en ok�nd gubbe in, 2

fr�n huvud och till f�tter han insvept var i skinn.
Han hade stav i handen, och lutad s�gs han g�,
men h�gre �n de andra den gamle var �nd�.

Han satte sig p� b�nken l�ngst ned vid salens d�rr; 3

d�r �r de armas st�lle �nnu, som det var f�rr.
De hovm�n logo sm�dligt och s�go till varann
och pekade med fingret p� luden bj�rnskinnsman.

D� ljungar med tv� �gon den fr�mmande s� vasst, 4

med ena handen grep han en ungersven i hast,
helt varligen han v�nde den hovman upp och ned;
d� tystnade de andra--vi hade gjort s� med.

"Vad �r f�r larm d�r nere? Vem bryter kungens frid? 5

Kom upp till mig, du gamle, och l�t oss talas vid!
Vad �r ditt namn? Vad vill du? Var kommer du ifr�n?"
S� talte kungen vredgad till gubben, g�md i vr�n.

"Helt mycket sp�r du, konung, men jag dig svara vill. 6
Mitt namn ger jag dig icke, det h�r mig ensam till.
I �nger �r jag uppf�dd, min arvg�rd heter Brist,
hit kom jag ifr�n Ulven, hos honom l�g jag sist.

Jag red i forna dagar s� glad p� drakens rygg, 7

han hade starka vingar och fl�g s� glad och trygg;
nu ligger han f�rlamad och frusen j�mte land,
sj�lv �r jag gammal vorden och br�nner salt vid strand.

Jag kom att se din vishet, i landet vida spord, 8

d� m�tte man med h�n mig, f�r h�n �r jag ej gjord;
jag tog en narr f�r br�stet och v�nde honom kring,
dock steg han upp helt oskadd, f�rl�t mig det, kung Ring!"--

"Ej illa", sade kungen, "du l�gger dina ord; 9

de gamla b�r man �ra, kom, s�tt dig vid mitt bord!
L�t din f�rkl�dning falla, l�t se dig, som du �r,
f�rkl�dd trivs gl�djen icke, jag vill ha gl�dje h�r."

Och nu fr�n g�stens huvud f�ll luden bj�rnhud ner; 10

i st�llet f�r den gamle envar en yngling ser.
Ifr�n den h�ga pannan kring skuldran bred och full
de ljusa lockar fl�to liksom ett svall av gull.

Och pr�ktig stod han f�r dem i sammetsmantel bl�, 11

i handsbrett silverb�lte med skogens djur upp�.
I drivet arbet' alla den konstn�r bragt dem an,
och runt kring hj�ltens midja de jagade varann.

Och ringens gyllne smycke kring armen satt s� rikt, 12

vid sidan h�ng hans slagsv�rd, en stannad ljungeld likt.
Den lugna hj�lteblicken kring sal och g�ster for;
sk�n stod han d�r som Balder och h�g som Asa-Tor.

Den h�pna drottnings kinder de skifta f�rg s� sn�llt, 13

som r�da norrsken m�la de sn�bet�ckta f�lt;
som tvenne vattenliljor inunder stormens larm
st� gungande p� v�gen, s� h�vdes hennes barm.

Nu bl�ste lur i salen, och tyst blev �verallt, 14

ty nu var l�ftets timme, och in bars Frejers galt,
med kransar omkring bogen och �pple uti mund,
och fyra kn�n han b�jde p� silverfatets rund.

Och konung Ring sig reste i sina lockar gr�, 15

han r�rde galtens panna och gjorde l�fte s�:
"Jag sv�r att Fritiof vinna, fast�n en k�mpe stor;
s� hj�lpe Frej och Oden, d�rhos den starke Tor!"

Med trotsigt l�je reste sig fr�mlingen s� h�g, 16

en blixt av hj�ltevrede hans anlet' �verfl�g;
han slog sitt sv�rd i bordet, s� det i salen klang,
och upp fr�n ekeb�nken varenda k�mpe sprang.

"Och h�r du nu, herr konung, mitt l�fte �venv�l: 17

ung Fritiof �r min fr�nde, jag k�nner honom v�l.
Jag sv�r att Fritiof skydda, och var det mot en v�rld;
s� hj�lpe mig min norna, d�rhos mitt goda sv�rd!"

Men kungen log och sade: "Helt dristigt �r ditt tal, 18

dock, orden �ro fria i nordisk kungasal.
Fyll honom hornet, drottning, med vin, som du har b�st!
Den fr�mling, vill jag hoppas, i vinter �r v�r g�st."

Och drottningen tog hornet, som framf�r henne stod, 19

av urens panna brutet, en kostelig klenod,
p� blanka silverf�tter, med m�ngen gyllne ring,
med forntidsbilder sirad och runeskrift omkring.

Med nederslagna �gon hon r�ckte hornet d�, 20

men darrande var handen, och vin blev spillt d�rp�.
Som aftonrodnans purpur p� liljorna ibland,
de dunkla droppar brunno p� hennes vita hand.

Och glad tog g�sten hornet utav den �dla fru; 21

ej tvenne m�n det t�mde, som m�nner �ro nu;
men l�tt och utan tvekan, den drottning till behag,
den v�ldige det t�mde uti ett andedrag.

Och skalden tog sin harpa--han satt vid kungens bord-- 22

och sj�ng ett hj�rtligt kv�de om k�rleken i Nord,
om Hagbart och sk�n Signe, och vid hans djupa r�st
de h�rda hj�rtan sm�lte i st�lbekl�dda br�st.

Han sj�ng om Valhalls salar och om einheriars l�n, 23

om tappra f�ders bragder p� f�ltet och p� sj�n.
D� grep var hand �t sv�rdet, d� flammade var blick,
och flitigt omkring laget det djupa hornet gick.

Helt skarpt blev d�r nu drucket allt i det kungahus, 24

varenda k�mpe tog sig ett �rligt julerus,
gick sedan bort att sova f�rutan harm och sorg;
men konung Ring den gamle sov hos sk�n Ingeborg.

XVIII.

ISFARTEN.

Kung Ring med sin drottning till g�stabud far, 1

p� sj�n st�r isen s� spegelklar.

"Far ej �ver isen", den fr�mling sad': 2

"han brister, f�r djupt �r det kalla bad."--

"Kung drunknar icke s� l�tt", sad' Ring, 3

"den, som �r r�dd, kan g� sj�n omkring."

Den fr�mling blickar s� m�rk med hot, 4

han sp�nner st�lsko i hast p� fot.

Sl�dtravarn s�tter med makt �stad, 5

han frustar l�gor, han �r s� glad.

"Str�ck ut", skrek kungen, "min travare god, 6

l�t se, om du �r av Sleipners blod!"

Det g�r, som stormen g�r �ver sj�n, 7

den gamle ej aktar sin drottnings b�n.

Men st�lskodd k�mpe st�r heller ej still, 8

han far dem f�rbi, s� snart han vill.

Han ritar m�ng' runa i isens famn, 9

sk�n Ingeborg �ker �ver sitt namn.

S� ila de fram p� den glatta ban, 10

men under dem lurar den falska Ran.

Hon st�ter ett h�l i sitt silvertak, 11

och sl�den ligger i �ppen vak.

Sk�n Ingeborg vart s� blek p� kind, 12

d� kommer den g�st som en virvelvind.

Han borrar sin st�lsko i isen fast 13

och griper i g�ngarns man med hast.

D� sv�nger han l�tt med ett enda hopp 14

b�d' h�st och sl�de p� isen opp.

"Det tag vill jag prisa", sad' kungen fort, 15

"ej Fritiof den starke det b�ttre gjort."

S� v�nde de �ter till kungsg�rd om; 16

den fr�mmande blev d�r, tills v�ren kom.

XIX.

FRITIOFS FRESTELSE.

V�ren kommer, f�geln kvittrar, skogen l�vas, solen ler, 1

och de l�sta floder dansa sjungande mot havet ner.
Gl�dande som Frejas kinder tittar rosen ur sin knopp,
och i m�nskans hj�rta vakna levnadslust och mod och hopp.

D� vill gamle kungen jaga, drottningen skall med p� jakt, 2

och det hela hov f�rsamlas, vimlande i brokig prakt.
B�gar klinga, kogar skramla, hingstar skrapa mark med hov,
och med kappor �ver �gat skrika falkarna p� rov.

Se, d�r kommer jaktens drottning! Arme Fritiof, se ej dit! 3

Som en stj�rna p� en v�rsky sitter hon p� g�ngarn vit,
h�lften Freja, h�lften Rota, sk�nare �n b�gge tv�,
och fr�n l�tta purpurhatten vaja h�gt de fj�drar bl�.

Se ej p� de �gons himmel, se ej p� de lockars gull! 4

Akta dig, det liv �r smidigt, akta dig, den barm �r full!
Blicka ej p� ros och lilja, skiftande p� hennes kind,
h�r ej p� den k�ra st�mman, susande som v�rens vind!

Nu �r j�garskaran f�rdig. Hejsan, �ver berg och dal! 5

Hornet smattrar, falken stiger lodr�tt emot Odens sal.
Skogens �bor fly med �ngest, s�ka sina kulors hem,
men med spjutet str�ckt framf�r sig �r valkyrjan efter dem.
Gamle kungen kan ej f�lja jakten, som hon flyger fram, 6
ensam vid hans sida rider Fritiof, tyst och allvarsam.
M�rka, vemodsfulla tankar v�xa i hans kvalda br�st,
och varthelst han �n sig v�nder, h�r han deras klagor�st.

"O! vi �vergav jag havet, f�r min egen fara blind? 7

Sorgen trivs ej r�tt p� v�gen, bl�ser bort med himmelns vind.
Grubblar viking, kommer faran, bjuder honom opp till dans,
och de m�rka tankar vika, bl�ndade av vapnens glans.

Men h�r �r det annorlunda: outs�glig l�ngtan sl�r 8

sina vingar kring min panna; som en dr�mmande jag g�r,
kan ej gl�mma Balders hage, kan ej gl�mma eden �n,
som hon svor,--_hon_ br�t den icke, grymma gudar br�to den.

Ty de hata m�nskors �tter, sk�da deras fr�jd med harm, 9

och min rosenknopp de togo, satte den i vinterns barm.
Vad skall vintern v�l med rosen? Han f�rst�r ej hennes pris,
men hans kalla ande kl�der knopp och blad och stj�lk med is."

S� han klagade. D� kommo de uti en enslig dal, 10

dyster, hoptr�ngd mellan bergen, �verskyggd av bj�rk och al.
D�r steg kungen av och sade: "Se, hur sk�n, hur sval den lund!
Jag �r tr�tt, kom l�t oss vila! Jag vill slumra h�r en stund."--

"Icke m� du sova, konung; kall �r marken h�r och h�rd, 11

tung blir s�mnen, upp! jag f�r dig snart tillbaka till din g�rd."--
"S�mnen, som de andra gudar, kommer, n�r vi minst det tro",
sade gubben. "Unnar g�sten ej sin v�rd en timmes ro?"

D� tog Fritiof av sin mantel, bredde den p� marken h�n, 12

och den gamle kungen lade tryggt sitt huvud p� hans kn�n,
somnade s� lugnt, som hj�lten somnar efter stridens larm
p� sin sk�ld, s� lugnt, som barnet somnar p� sin moders arm.

Som han slumrar, h�r! d� sjunger kolsvart f�gel ifr�n kvist: 13

"Skynda, Fritiof, dr�p den gamle, sluta p� en g�ng er tvist!
Tag hans drottning, dig tillh�r hon, dig har hon som brudgum kysst,
intet m�nskligt �ga ser dig, och den djupa grav �r tyst."--

Fritiof lyssnar: H�r! d� sjunger sn�vit f�gel ifr�n kvist: 14

"Ser dig intet m�nskligt �ga, Odens �ga ser dig visst.
Niding, vill du m�rda s�mnen? Vill du v�rnl�s gubbe sl�?
Vad du vinner, hj�lterykte vinner du dock ej d�rp�."--

S� de b�gge f�glar sj�ngo; men sitt slagsv�rd Fritiof tog, 15

sl�ngde det med fasa fr�n sig fj�rran i den m�rka skog.
Kolsvart f�gel flyr till Nastrand, men p� l�tta vingars par
som en harpoton den andra klingande mot solen far.

Strax �r gamle kungen vaken. "Mycket var den s�mn mig v�rd, 16
ljuvligt sover man i skuggan, skyddad av den tappres sv�rd.
Dock, var �r ditt sv�rd, o fr�mling? Blixtens broder, var �r han?
Vem har skilt er, I, som aldrig skulle skiljas fr�n varann!"--

"Lika mycket", Fritiof sade, "sv�rd jag finner nog i Nord; 17

skarp �r sv�rdets tunga, konung, talar icke fridens ord.
M�rka andar bo i st�let, andar ifr�n Nifelhem,
s�mnen �r ej s�ker f�r dem, silverlockar reta dem."--

"Jag har icke sovit, yngling, jag har blott dig pr�vat s�; 18
obepr�vad man och klinga litar ej den kloke p�.
Du �r Fritiof, jag har k�nt dig, alltsen i min sal du steg,
gamle Ring har vetat l�nge, vad hans kloke g�st f�rteg.

Varf�r sm�g du till min boning, djupt f�rkl�dd och utan namn? 19
Varf�r, om ej f�r att stj�la bruden ur den gamles famn?
�ran, Fritiof, s�tter sig ej namnl�s uti g�stfritt lag,
blank �r hennes sk�ld som solen, �ppna hennes anletsdrag.

Ryktet talte om en Fritiof, m�nniskors och gudars skr�ck, 20

sk�ldar kl�v och tempel br�nde den f�rv�gne lika k�ck.
Snart med h�rsk�ld, s� jag trodde, kommer han emot ditt land,
och han kom, men h�ljd i lumpor, med en tiggarstav i hand.

Varf�r sl�r du ner ditt �ga? Jag var ocks� ung en g�ng; 21
livet �r en strid fr�n b�rjan, ungdomen dess b�rs�rksg�ng.
Kl�mmas skall hon mellan sk�ldar, tills det vilda mod �r t�mt;
jag har pr�vat och f�rl�tit, jag har �mkat och f�rgl�mt.

Ser du, jag �r gammal vorden, stiger snart i h�gen in; 22

tag mitt rike d�, o yngling! tag min drottning, hon �r din.
Bliv min son till dess och g�sta i min kungssal som f�rut!
Sv�rdl�s k�mpe skall mig skydda, och v�r gamla tvist har slut."--

"Icke", svarar Fritiof dyster, "kom jag som en tjuv till dig; 23
ville jag din drottning taga, s�g, vem skulle hindrat mig?
Men min brud jag ville sk�da, en g�ng, ack! blott en g�ng �n.
O jag d�re! halvsl�ckt l�ga t�nde jag p� nytt igen.

I din sal jag dr�jt f�r l�nge, g�star mer ej d�r, o kung! 24
Of�rsonta gudars vrede vilar p� mitt huvud tung.
Balder med de ljusa lockar, han, som har var d�dlig k�r,
se, han hatar mig allena, ensamt jag f�rkastad �r.

Ja, jag stack i brand hans tempel; varg i veum heter jag; 25
n�r jag n�mnes, skrika barnen, gl�djen flyr ur g�stfritt lag.
Fosterjorden har f�rkastat en f�rlorad son med harm,
fridl�s �r jag i min hembygd, fridl�s i min egen barm.

Icke p� den gr�na jorden vill jag s�ka friden mer, 26

marken br�nner under foten, tr�det ingen skugga ger.
Ingeborg har jag f�rlorat, henne tog den gamle Ring,
solen i mitt liv �r slocknad, bara m�rker runtomkring.

D�rf�r, h�n till mina v�gor! Eja, ut, min drake god! 27
Bada �ter becksvart bringa lustigt i den salta flod;
vifta vingarna i molnen, v�sande de v�gor sk�r,
flyg s� l�ngt som stj�rnan leder, som besegrad b�lja b�r!

L�t mig h�ra stormens dunder, l�t mig h�ra �skans r�st! 28
N�r det d�nar runtomkring mig, d� �r lugn i Fritiofs br�st.
Sk�ldeklang och pilregn, gubbe! Mitt i havet slaget st�r,
och jag stupar glad, och renad till f�rsonta gudar g�r."
XX.

KUNG RINGS D�D.

Gullmanig f�le, 1
Skinfaxe, drager
v�rsol ur v�gen mer h�rlig �n f�rr.
Morgonens str�le,
dubbelt s� fager,
leker i kungssal: det klappar p� d�rr.

Sorgsen i h�gen 2
Fritiof intr�der,
blek sitter kungen; sk�n Ingeborgs br�st
h�ves som v�gen.
Fr�mlingen kv�der
avskedets kv�de med darrande r�st:

"B�ljorna bada 3
vingade h�sten,
sj�h�sten l�ngtar fr�n stranden igen.
Ut vill han vada;
bort m�ste g�sten,
bort fr�n sitt land och sin �lskade v�n.

Dig ger jag ringen, 4

Ingeborg, �ter;
heliga minnen bo troget i den.
Giv den �t ingen!
Fritiof f�rl�ter;
mig ser du aldrig p� jorden igen.

Ej skall jag sk�da 5

stigande r�ken
mer ifr�n Nordlanden. M�nskan �r slav;
nornorna r�da.
B�ljornas �ken,
d�r �r mitt f�dernesland och min grav.

G� ej till stranden, 6
Ring, med din maka,
helst sedan stj�rnorna sprida sitt sken!
Kanske i sanden
vr�kas tillbaka
Fritiofs, den biltoge vikingens, ben."--

D� kv�der kungen: 7
"Tungt �r att h�ra
mannen, som klagar likt kvidande m�.
D�dss�ng �r sjungen
ren i mitt �ra.
Vad �r det mer? Den som f�ds, han skall d�.

Nornornas lottning, 8
huru vi fike,
trotsa vi, klaga vi ej oss ifr�n.
Dig ger jag drottning,
dig ger jag rike,
skydda det du �t min v�xande son!

V�l har jag suttit 9

v�ns�ll i salen,
v�l har jag �lskat den gyllene frid.
Dock har jag brutit
sk�ldar i dalen,
sk�ldar p� sj�n, och ej bleknat d�rvid.

Nu vill jag rista 10

geirs-odd och bl�da,
str�d�d ej h�ves f�r nordmannakung.
Ringa �r sista
idrottens m�da,
mera �n livet �r d�den ej tung."

D� skar han �rligt 11

runor �t Oden,
d�dsrunor djupa p� br�st och p� arm.
Lyste s� h�rligt
droppande bloden
fram mellan silvret p� h�rvuxen barm.

"Bringen mig hornet! 12

Sk�l f�r ditt minne,
sk�l f�r din �ra, du h�rliga Nord!
Mognande kornet,
t�nkande sinne,
fredelig bragd har jag �lskat p� jord.

F�f�ngt bland vilda, 13

blodiga drotter
s�kte jag friden, hon flyktade h�n.
Nu st�r den milda
�tth�gens dotter
v�ntande p� mig vid gudarnas kn�n.

Hell er, I gudar, 14

Valhallas�ner!
Jorden f�rsvinner; till asarnas fest
gjallarhorn budar.
Salighet kr�ner
sk�nt, som en guldhj�lm, den kommande g�st."--

Sade och tryckte 15

Ingeborg handen,
handen p� son och p� gr�tande v�n.
�gat han lyckte,
kunglige anden
fl�g med en suck till Allfader igen.

XXI.

RINGS DRAPA.

Sitter i h�gen 1
h�g�ttad h�vding,
slagsv�rd vid sidan,
sk�lden p� arm.
G�ngaren gode
gn�ggar d�r inne,
skrapar med guldhov
grundmurad grav.

Nu rider rike 2
Ring �ver Bifrost,
sviktar f�r b�rdan
b�giga bron.
Upp springa Valhalls
valvd�rrar vida;
asarnas h�nder
h�nga i hans.

Tor �r ej hemma, 3
h�rjar i h�rnad.
Valfader vinkar
vinb�garn fram.
Ax fl�tar Frej kring
konungens krona,
Frigg binder bl�a
blommor d�ri.

Brage, hin gamle, 4

griper i guldstr�ng,
stillare susar
s�ngen �n f�rr.
Lyssnande vilar
Vanadis vita
barmen mot bordet,
brinner och h�r:

"H�gt sjunga sv�rden 5

st�ndigt i hj�lmar;
brusande b�ljor
blodas alltj�mt.
Kraften, de goda
gudarnas g�va,
bister som b�rs�rk
biter i sk�ld.

D�rf�r var dyre 6

drotten oss k�r, som
stod med sin sk�ld f�r
fredliga f�lt:
sansade styrkans
sk�naste avbild
steg som en offer-
�nga �t skyn.

Ord v�ljer vittre 7

Valfader, d� han
sitter hos Saga,
S�kvab�cks m�.
S� klungo kungsord,
klara som Mimers
b�ljor och d�rhos
djupa som de.

Fridsam f�rlikar 8
Forsete tvisten,
domarn vid Urdas
v�llande v�g.
S� satt � domsten
dyrkade drotten,
blidkade h�nder
blodh�mnden bj�d.

Karg var ej kungen, 9

kring sig han str�dde
dv�rgarnas dag-glans,
drakarnas b�dd.
G�van gick glad fr�n
givmilda handen,
l�tt fr�n hans l�ppar
lidandets tr�st.

V�lkommen, vise 10
Valhalla-arving!
L�nge l�r Norden
lova ditt namn.
Brage dig h�lsar
h�viskt med horndryck,
nornornas fridsbud
nerifr�n Nord!"

XXII.

KONUNGAVALET.

Till tings! Till tings! Budkavlen g� 1

kring berg och dal.
Kung Ring �r d�d: nu f�rest�r
ett kungaval.

D� tager bonden sv�rd fr�n v�gg, 2

det st�l �r bl�tt.
Med fingret pr�var han dess egg,
den biter gott.

De piltar se med gl�dje p� 3

det st�lbl� sken;
de lyfta sv�rdet tv� och tv�,
f�r tungt f�r en.

Men dottern skurar hj�lmen ren-- 4

blank skall han bli--
och rodnar, n�r hon sk�dar sen
sin bild d�ri.

Sist tar han sk�ldens runda v�rn, 5

en sol i blod.
Hell dig, du frie man av j�rn,
du bonde god!

All landets �ra v�xer ur 6

ditt fria br�st.
I striden �r du landets mur,
i frid dess r�st.

S� samlas de med sk�ldegny 7

och vapenbrak
p� �ppet ting, ty himmelns sky
�r deras tak.

Men Fritiof st�r p� tingets sten, 8

hos honom st�r
den kungason, en liten en
med guldgult h�r.

D� g�r ett sorl kring bondelag: 9

"F�r liten �r
den kungsson, kan ej skipa lag,
ej leda h�r."--

Men Fritiof lyfte pilten ung 10

p� sk�lden opp:
"I nordm�n, h�r �r eder kung
och landets hopp.

Sen h�r den gamle Odens �tt 11

i bild s� sk�n.
P� sk�ld han k�nner sig s� l�tt
som fisk i sj�n.

Jag sv�r att skydda rike hans 12

med sv�rd och st�ng
och s�tta faderns gyllne krans
p� son en g�ng.

Forsete, Balders h�ge son, 13

har h�rt min ed;
och om jag viker d�rifr�n,
sl� han mig ned!"--

Men pilten satt p� sk�lden lyft, 14

lik kung � stol,
lik unga �rnen, som fr�n klyft
ser opp mot sol.

Den v�ntan blev det unga blod 15

till slut f�r l�ng,
och med ett hopp i mark han stod,
ett kungligt spr�ng!

D� ropte b�ndren h�gt p� ting: 16

"Vi, Nordens m�n,
vi kora dig, bliv lik kung Ring,
sk�ldburne sven!
Och Fritiof f�re dina bud, 17
tills du blir stor.
Jarl Fritiof, dig ge vi till brud
hans sk�na mor."--

D� blickar Fritiof m�rk: "I dag 18

�r kungaval
men br�llop ej; min brud tar jag
av eget val.

Till Balders hage vill jag g�, 19

har m�te st�mt
med mina nornor d�r: de st�
och v�nta j�mt.

Ett ord jag m�ste tala med 20

de sk�ldem�r.
De bygga under tidens tr�d,
och ovanf�r.

Ljuslockig Balder vredgas �n, 21

den bleke gud.
Han tog, blott han kan ge igen
mitt hj�rtas brud."--

D� h�lsade han nyvald kung, 22

p� pannan kysst,
och l�ngsamt �ver hedens ljung
f�rsvann han tyst.

XXIII.

FRITIOF P� SIN FADERS H�G.

Hur sk�nt ler solen, huru v�nligt hoppar 1

dess milda str�le ifr�n gren till gren,
Allfaders blick i aftondaggens droppar,
som i hans v�rldshav, lika klar och ren!
Hur r�da f�rgar hon ej bergens toppar!
O, det �r blod p� Balders offersten!
I natt �r snart det hela land begravet,
snart sjunker hon, en gyllne sk�ld, i havet.

F�rst l�t mig dock bese de k�ra st�llen, 2

min barndoms v�nner, dem jag �lskat s�.
Ack, samma blommor dofta �n i kv�llen,
och samma f�glar �n i skogen sl�.
Och v�gen tumlar sig som f�rr mot h�llen--
o, den som aldrig gungat d�rupp�!
Om namn och bragder j�mt den falska talar,
men fj�rran f�r hon dig fr�n hemmets dalar.

Jag k�nner dig, du flod, som ofta burit 3

den dj�rve simmarn p� din b�lja klar.
Jag k�nner dig, du dal, d�r vi besvurit
en evig tro, som icke jorden har.
Och bj�rkar, I, uti vars bark jag skurit
de runor m�nga, I st�n �nnu kvar
med stammar vita och med kronor runda;
allt �r som f�rr, blott jag �r annorlunda.

�r allt som f�rr? Var �ro Framn�s' salar 4

och Balders tempel p� den vigda strand?
Ack, det var sk�nt uti min barndoms dalar,
men d�rut�ver har g�tt sv�rd och brand,
och m�nskors h�mnd och gudars vrede talar
till vandrarn nu fr�n svarta svedjeland.
Du fromme vandrare, ej hit du drage,
ty skogens vilddjur bo i Balders hage.

Det g�r en frestare igenom livet, 5

den grymme Nidh�gg ifr�n m�rkrets v�rld.
Han hatar asaljuset, som st�r skrivet
p� hj�ltens panna, p� hans blanka sv�rd.
Vart nidingsd�d, i vredens stund bedrivet,
det �r hans verk, �r m�rka makters g�rd;
och n�r det lyckas, n�r han templet t�nder,
d� klappar han uti kolsvarta h�nder.

Finns ej f�rsoning, str�lande Valhalla? 6

Bl��gde Balder, tar du ingen bot?
Bot tager mannen, n�r hans fr�nder falla,
de h�ga gudar sonar man med blot.
Det s�gs, du �r den mildaste av alla:
bjud, och vart offer ger jag utan knot.
Ditt tempels brand var icke Fritiofs tanka,
tag fl�cken bort ifr�n hans sk�ld, den blanka!

Tag bort din b�rda, jag kan den ej b�ra, 7

kv�v i min sj�l de m�rka skuggors spel;
f�rsm� ej �ngern, l�t en levnads �ra
f�rsona dig f�r �gonblickets fel!
Jag bleknar ej, fast Ljungarn sj�lv st�r n�ra,
i �gat kan jag se den blekbl� Hel.
Du fromme gud med dina m�nskensblickar,
dig ensam r�ds jag och den h�mnd, du skickar.

H�r �r min faders gravh�g. Sover hj�lten? 8

Ack, han red h�n, d�r ingen kommer fr�n.
Nu dv�ljs han, s�gs det, uti stj�rnet�lten
och dricker mj�d och gl�ds �t sk�ldars d�n.
Du asag�st, se ner fr�n himlaf�lten,
din son dig kallar, Torsten Vikingsson!
Jag kommer ej med runor eller galder,
men l�r mig blott, hur blidkas Asa-Balder?

Har graven ingen tunga? F�r en klinga 9

Den starke Angantyr ur h�gen kvad.
Det sv�rd var gott, men Tirfings pris �r ringa
mot vad jag ber; om sv�rd jag aldrig bad--
sv�rd tar jag v�l i holmg�ng sj�lv, men bringa
du mig f�rsoning ifr�n asars stad!
Min skumma blick, min gissning blott du lede,
ett �delt sinne t�l ej Balders vrede.
Du tiger, fader! H�r du, v�gen klingar, 10
ljuvt �r dess sorl, l�gg ner ditt ord d�ri!
Och stormen flyger, h�ng dig vid hans vingar,
och viska till mig, som han far f�rbi!
Och v�stern h�nger full av gyllne ringar,
l�t en av dem din tankes h�rold bli!
Ej svar, ej tecken f�r din son i n�den
du �ger, fader! O, hur arm �r d�den!--

Och solen sl�cks, och aftonvinden lullar 11

f�r jordens barn sin vaggs�ng utur skyn,
och aftonrodnad k�rer upp och rullar
med rosenr�da hjul kring himlens bryn.
I bl�a dalar, �ver bl�a kullar
hon flyger fram, en sk�n Valhallasyn.
D� kommer pl�tsligt �ver v�sterv�gor
en bild framsusande i guld och l�gor.

En h�gring kalla vi det himmelns under-- 12

i Valhall klingar hennes namn mer sk�nt.--
Hon sv�var sakta �ver Balders lunder,
en gyllne krona p� en grund av gr�nt.
Det skimrar �ver, och det skimrar under
med s�llsam glans, ej f�rr av m�nskor r�nt.
Till slut hon stannar, sjunkande till jorden,
d�r templet st�tt, nu sj�lv ett tempel vorden.

En bild av Breidablick, den h�ga muren 13

stod silverblank p� klippans brant och sken.
Av djupbl�tt st�l var pelare var skuren,
och altaret utav en �delsten:
och d�men h�ngde, som av andar buren,
en vinterhimmel stj�rneklar och ren,
och h�gt d�ri, med himmelsbl�a skrudar,
med gyllne kronor, sutto Valhalls gudar.

Och se, p� runbeskrivna sk�ldar st�dda, 14

de h�ga nornor uti d�rren st�:
tre rosenknoppar i en urna f�dda,
allvarliga men tjusande �nd�.
Och Urda pekar tyst p� det f�r�dda,
det nya tempel pekar Skulda p�.
Och b�st som Fritiof nu sig sansa hunnit
och gl�ds och undrar, s� �r allt f�rsvunnet.

O, jag f�rst�r er, m�r fr�n tidens k�lla, 15

det var ditt tecken, hj�ltefader god!
Det br�nda templet skall jag �terst�lla,
sk�nt skall det st� p� klippan, d�r det stod.
O, det �r h�rligt att f� vederg�lla
med fredlig bragd sin ungdoms �vermod!
Den djupt f�rkastade kan hoppas �ter,
den vite guden blidkas och f�rl�ter.

V�lkomna stj�rnor, som d�r uppe t�gen! 16

Nu ser jag �ter glad er stilla g�ng.
V�lkomna norrsken, som d�r uppe l�gen!
I voren tempelbrand f�r mig en g�ng.
Uppgr�nska, �tteh�g, och stig ur v�gen,
s� sk�n som f�rr, du underbara s�ng!
H�r vill jag slumra p� min sk�ld och dr�mma,
hur m�nskor sonas och hur gudar gl�mma.

XXIV.

F�RSONINGEN.

Full�ndat nu var Balders tempel. D�romkring

stod ej som f�rr en skidg�rd, men av hamrat j�rn,
med gyllne knappar p� var st�ng, ett v�rn var rest
kring Balders hage: som en st�lkl�dd k�mpeh�r
med hillebarder och med gyllne hj�lmar stod 5
det nu p� vakt kring gudens nya helgedom.
Av idel j�ttestenar var dess rundel byggd,
med dristig konst hopfogade, ett j�tteverk
f�r evigheten, templet i Uppsala likt,
d�r Norden s�g sitt Valhall i en jordisk bild. 10
Stolt stod det d�r p� fj�llets brant och speglade
sin h�ga panna uti havets blanka v�g.
Men runtomkring, en pr�ktig blomsterg�rdel lik,
gick Balders dal med alla sina lundars sus,
med alla sina f�glars s�ng, ett fridens hem. 15
H�g var den kopparst�pta port, och innanf�r
tv� pelarrader upp� starka skulderblad
uppburo valvets rundel, och han hang s� sk�n
ut�ver templet som en kupig sk�ld av guld.
L�ngst fram stod gudens altar. Det var hugget av 20
en enda nordisk marmorklyft, och d�romkring
ormslingan slog sin ringel, full med runeskrift,
djupt�nkta ord ur Vala och ur Havamal.
Men uti muren ovanf�re var ett rum
med gyllne stj�rnor upp� m�rkbl� grund, och d�r 25
satt fromhetsgudens silverbild, s� blid, s� mild,
som silverm�nen sitter upp� himmelns bl�.--
S� templet syntes. Parvis tr�dde nu d�rin
tolv tempeljungfrur, kl�dda uti silverskir,
med rosor upp� kinderna och rosor i 30
det oskuldsfulla hj�rtat. Framf�r gudens bild
kring nyinvigda altaret de dansade,
som v�rens vindar dansa �ver k�llans v�g,
som skogens �lvor dansa i det h�ga gr�s,
n�r morgondaggen ligger skimrande d�rp�. 35
Och under dansen sj�ngo de en helig s�ng
om Balder, om den fromme, hur han �lskad var
utav vart v�sen, hur han f�ll f�r H�ders pil
och jord och hav och himmel gr�to. S�ngen var,
som om den icke komme fr�n ett m�nskligt br�st, 40
men som en ton fr�n Breidablick, fr�n gudens sal,
som tanken p� sin �lskling hos en enslig m�,
n�r vakteln sl�r de djupa slag i nattens frid
och m�nen skiner �ver bj�rkarna i Nord.--
F�rtjust stod Fritiof, lutad vid sitt sv�rd, och s�g 45
p� dansen, och hans barndomsminnen tr�ngde sig
f�rbi hans syn, ett lustigt folk, ett oskuldsfullt.
Med himmelsbl�a �gon och med huvuden
omflutna utav lockigt guld, de vinkade
en v�nlig h�lsning till sin forne ungdomsv�n. 50
Och som en blodig skugga sj�nk hans vikingsliv
med alla sina strider, sina �ventyr,
i natten neder, och han tyckte sj�lv sig st�,
en blomsterkransad bautasten, p� deras grav.
Och allt som s�ngen v�xte, h�jde sig hans sj�l 55
fr�n jordens l�ga dalar upp mot Valaskjalf;
och m�nsklig h�mnd och m�nskligt hat smalt sakta h�n,
som isens pansar sm�lter ifr�n fj�llets br�st,
n�r v�rsol skiner; och ett hav av stilla frid,
av tyst h�nryckning g�t sig i hans hj�ltebarm. 60
Det var, som k�nde han naturens hj�rta sl�
emot sitt hj�rta, som han ville trycka r�rd
Heimskringla i sin brodersfamn och stifta frid
med varje skapat v�sen inf�r gudens syn.--
D� tr�dde in i templet Balders �verpr�st, 65
ej ung och sk�n som guden men en h�g gestalt,
med himmelsk mildhet i de �dla anletsdrag,
och ned till b�ltestaden fl�t hans silversk�gg.
En ovan v�rdnad intog Fritiofs stolta sj�l,
och �rnevingarna p� hj�lmen s�nktes djupt 70
inf�r den gamle; men han talte fridens ord:

"V�lkommen hit, son Fritiof! Jag har v�ntat dig,

ty kraften sv�rmar g�rna vitt kring jord och hav,
en b�rs�rk lik, som biter blek i sk�ldens rand,
men tr�tt och sansad v�nder hon dock hem till slut. 75
Den starke Tor drog m�ngen g�ng till Jotunheim,
men trots hans gudab�lte, trots st�lhandskarna,
Utg�rda-Loke sitter p� sin tron �nnu;
det onda viker icke, sj�lv en kraft, f�r kraft.
En barnlek blott �r fromhet, ej f�rent med kraft; 80
hon �r som solens str�lar upp� �girs barm,
en l�slig bild med v�gen stigen eller s�nkt,
f�rutan tro och h�llning, ty han har ej grund.
Men kraft f�rutan fromhet t�r ock bort sig sj�lv,
som sv�rdet t�rs i h�gen: hon �r livets rus, 85
men gl�mskans h�ger sv�var �ver hornets br�dd,
och n�r den druckne vaknar, blygs han f�r sitt d�d.
All styrka �r fr�n jorden, ifr�n Ymers kropp;
de vilda vattnen �ro �drorna d�ri,
och hennes senor �ro smidda utav malm. 90
Dock blir hon tom och �de, blir hon ofruktbar,
tills solen, himmelns fromhet, skiner d�rupp�.
D� gr�nskar gr�s, d� stickas blomstrens purpurduk,
och djur och m�nskor n�ras vid sin moders barm. 95 (sic!)
S� �r det ock med Askers barn. Tv� vikter har
Allfader lagt i v�gsk�ln f�r allt m�nskligt liv,
motv�gande varandra, n�r den v�g st�r r�tt;
och jordisk kraft och himmelsk fromhet heta de.
Stark �r v�l Tor, o yngling, n�r han sp�nner h�rt 100
sitt Megingjard ut�ver bergfast h�ft och sl�r.
Vis �r v�l Oden, n�r i Urdas silverv�g
han blickar ner, och f�geln kommer flygande
till asars far med tidningar fr�n v�rldens rund.
Dock bleknade de b�gge, deras kronors glans 105
halvslocknade, n�r Balder, n�r den fromme f�ll,
ty han var bandet uti Valhalls gudakrans.
D� gulnade p� tidens tr�d dess kronas prakt,
och Nidh�gg bet upp� dess rot, d� lossades
den gamla nattens krafter, Midg�rdsormen slog 110
mot skyn sin ettersv�llda stj�rt, och Fenris r�t,
och Surturs eldsv�rd ljungade fr�n Muspelheim.
Varthelst sen dess ditt �ga blickar, striden g�r
med h�rsk�ld genom skapelsen: i Valhall gal
guldkammig hane, blodr�d hane gal till strids 115
p� jorden och inunder jord. F�rut var frid
ej blott i gudars salar men p� jorden ock;
frid var i m�nskors som i h�ga gudars barm.
Ty vad som sker h�r nere, det har redan skett
i st�rre m�tt d�r uppe: m�nskligheten �r 120
en ringa bild av Valhall; det �r himmelns ljus,
som speglar sig i Sagas runbeskrifna sk�ld.
Vart hj�rta har sin Balder. Minns du �n den tid,
d� friden bodde i ditt br�st och livet var
s� glatt, s� himmelskt stilla som s�ngf�gelns dr�m, 125
n�r sommarnattens vindar vagga hit och dit
var s�mnig blommas huvud och hans gr�na s�ng?
D� levde Balder �nnu i din rena sj�l,
du asason, du vandrande Valhallabild!
F�r barnet �r ej guden d�d, och Hela ger 130
igen sitt rov, s� ofta som en m�nska f�ds.
Men j�mte Balder v�xer i var m�nsklig sj�l
hans blinde broder, nattens H�der; ty allt ont
f�ds blint, som bj�rnens yngel f�ds, och natten �r
dess mantel, men det goda kl�der sig i ljus. 135
Best�llsamt tr�der Loke, frestarn fram alltj�mt
och styr den blindes m�rdarhand, och spjutet far
i Valhalls k�rlek, i den unge Balders br�st.
D� vaknar hatet, v�ldet springer opp till rov,
och hungrig stryker sv�rdets ulv kring berg och dal, 140
och drakar simma vilda �ver blodig v�g.
Ty som en kraftl�s skugga sitter fromheten,
en d�d ibland de d�da, hos den bleka Hel,
och i sin aska ligger Balders gudahus.--
S� �r de h�ga asars liv en f�rebild 145
till m�nsklighetens l�gre: b�gge �ro blott
Allfaders stilla tankar, de f�r�ndras ej.
Vad skett, vad ske skall, det vet Valas djupa s�ng.
Den s�ng �r tidens vaggs�ng, �r dess drapa ock,
Heimskringlas h�vder g� p� samma ton som den, 150
och mannen h�r sin egen saga d�ruti.
F�rst�n I �nnu eller ej? sp�r Vala dig.--
Du vill f�rsonas. Vet du, vad f�rsoning �r?
Se mig i �gat, yngling, och bliv icke blek!
P� jorden g�r f�rsonarn kring och heter d�d. 155
All tid �r fr�n sin b�rjan grumlad evighet,
allt jordiskt liv �r avfall fr�n Allfaders tron,
f�rsonas �r att v�nda renad dit igen.
De h�ga asar f�llo sj�lva; Ragnar�k
�r asarnas f�rsoningsdag, en blodig dag 160
p� Vigrids hundramilasl�tt: d�r falla de,
oh�mnade dock icke, ty det onda d�r
f�r evigt, men det fallna goda reser sig
ur v�rldsb�lsl�gan, luttrat till ett h�gre liv.
V�l faller stj�rnekransen blek och vissnad ner 165
fr�n himmelns tinning, v�l f�rsjunker jord i sj�n;
men sk�nare hon �terf�ds och lyfter glad
sitt blomsterkr�nta huvud utur v�gorna,
och unga stj�rnor vandra med gudomlig glans
sin stilla g�ng ut�ver den nyskapade. 170
Men p� de gr�na kullar styrer Balder d�
nyf�dda asar och en renad m�nsko�tt;
och runetavlorna av guld, som tappats bort
i tidens morgon, hittas uti gr�set d�
p� Idavallen av f�rsonta Valhalls barn.-- 175
S� �r det fallna godas d�d dess eldprov blott,
�r dess f�rsoning, f�dseln till ett b�ttre liv,
som �terflyger sk�rat dit, det kom ifr�n,
och leker skuldl�st som ett barn p� faderns kn�.
Ack! allt det b�sta ligger p� hinsidan om 180
gravh�gen. Gimles gr�na port, och l�gt �r allt,
besmittat allt, som dv�ljes under stj�rnorna.--
Dock, �ven livet �ger sin f�rsoning ren,
en ringare, den h�gres stilla f�respel.
Hon �r som skaldens l�pning p� sin harpa, n�r 185
med konsterfarna fingrar han sl�r s�ngen an
och st�mmer tonen, sakta pr�vande, till dess
att handen griper v�ldigt uti str�ngens guld,
och forntids stora minnen lockas ur sin grav,
och Valhalls glans omstr�lar de f�rtjustas syn. 190
Ty jorden �r dock himmelns skugga, livet �r
f�rg�rden dock till Balderstemplet ovan skyn.
Till asar blotar hopen, leder g�ngarn fram,
guldsadlad, purpurbetslad, f�r att offras dem.
Det �r ett tecken, och dess mening djup, ty blod 195
�r morgonrodnan till envar f�rsoningsdag.
Men tecknet �r ej saken, det f�rsonar ej:
vad sj�lv du brutit, g�ldar ingen ann f�r dig.
De d�da sonas vid Allfaders gudabarm,
den levandes f�rsoning �r i eget br�st. 200
Ett offer vet jag, som �r gudarna mer k�rt
�n r�k av offerbollar, det �r offret av
ditt eget hj�rtas vilda hat, din egen h�mnd.
Kan du ej d�va deras klingor, kan du ej
f�rl�ta, yngling, vad vill du i Balders hus? 205
Vad mente du med templet, som du reste h�r?
Med sten f�rsonas Balder ej; f�rsoning bor,
h�r nere som d�r uppe, blott d�r friden bor.
F�rsonas med din fiende och med dig sj�lv,
d� �r du ock f�rsonad med ljuslockig gud!-- 210
I S�dern talas om en Balder, jungfruns son,
s�nd av Allfader att f�rklara runorna
p� nornors svarta sk�ldrand, outtydda �n.
Frid var hans h�rskri, k�rlek var hans blanka sv�rd,
och oskuld satt som duva p� hans silverhj�lm. 215
From levde han och l�rde, dog han och f�rl�t,
och under fj�rran palmer st�r hans grav i ljus.
Hans l�ra, s�gs det, vandrar ifr�n dal till dal,
f�rsml�lter h�rda hj�rtan, l�gger hand i hand
och bygger fridens rike p� f�rsonad jord. 220
Jag k�nner ej den l�ran r�tt, men dunkelt dock
i mina b�ttre stunder har jag anat den:
vart m�nskligt hj�rta anar den ibland som mitt.
En g�ng, det vet jag, kommer hon och viftar l�tt
de vita duvovingar �ver Nordens berg. 225
Men ingen Nord �r l�ngre till f�r oss den dag,
och eken susar �ver de f�rg�tnas h�g.
I lyckligare sl�kten, I, som dricken d�
str�lb�garn av det nya ljus, jag h�lsar er!
V�l eder, om det jagar bort var sky, som h�ngt 230
sitt v�ta t�cke hittills �ver livets sol!
F�rakten likv�l icke oss, som redligt s�kt
med oavv�nda �gon hennes gudaglans!
_En_ �r Allfader, fast�n fler hans s�ndebud.--

Du hatar Beles s�ner. Varf�r hatar du? 235

�t sonen av en odalbonde ville de
ej ge sin syster, ty hon �r av Semings blod,
den store Odenssonens; deras �ttartal
n�r upp till Valhalls troner, det ger stolthet in.
Men b�rd �r lycka, ej f�rtj�nst, inv�nder du. 240
Av sin f�rtj�nst, o yngling, blir ej m�nskan stolt
men endast av sin lycka; ty det b�sta �r
dock goda gudars g�va. �r du sj�lv ej stolt
av dina hj�ltebragder, av din h�gre kraft?
Gav du dig sj�lv den kraften? Kn�t ej �sa-Tor 245
dig armens senor fasta s�som ekens gren?
�r det ej gudens h�gre mod, som klappar glatt
i sk�ldeborgen av ditt v�lvda br�st? �r ej
det gudens blixt, som ljungar i ditt �gas brand?
De h�ga nornor sj�ngo vid din vagga ren 250
drottkv�det av din levnad; din f�rtj�nst d�rav
�r st�rre ej �n kungasonens av sin b�rd.
F�rd�m ej andras stolthet, att ej din f�rd�ms!
Nu �r kung Helge fallen."--H�r br�t Fritiof av:
Kung Helge fallen? N�r och var?"--"Du vet det sj�lv: 255
s� l�nge som du murat h�r, han var p� t�g
bland finnarna i fj�llen. P� en �dslig klint
stod d�r ett gammalt tempel, vigt �t Jumala.
Nu var det st�ngt och �vergivet l�nge sen,
men �ver porten �nnu en vidunderlig 260
forntidabild av guden lutade till fall.
Men ingen tordes nalkas, ty en s�gen gick
bland folket ifr�n sl�kt till sl�kt, att vem som f�rst
bes�kte templet, skulle sk�da Jumala.
Det h�rde Helge, och med blind f�rbittring drog 265
han upp� �de stigar emot hatad gud
och ville st�rta templet. N�r han kom dit upp,
var porten st�ngd och nyckeln rostad fast d�ri.
D� grep han om d�rrposterna och rystade
de multna stammar; p� en g�ng med rysligt brak 270
f�ll bilden ner och krossade uti sitt fall
Valhallasonen, och s� s�g han Jumala.
Ett bud i natt har bragt oss tidningen h�rom.
Nu sitter Halvdan ensam p� kung Beles stol;
bjud honom handen, offra gudarna din h�mnd! 275
Det offret fordrar Balder, fordrar jag, hans pr�st,
till tecken, att du icke g�ckat frids�ll gud.
F�rv�grar du det, d� �r templet f�f�ngt byggt,
och f�f�ngt har jag talat."--
 Nu steg Halvdan in 280
ut�ver koppartr�skeln, och med oviss blick
han stod p� avst�nd fr�n den fruktade och teg.
D� kn�ppte Fritiof brynjohataren fr�n l�nd,
mot altaret han st�dde sk�ldens gyllne rund
och tr�dde obev�pnad till sin ov�n fram. 285
"I denna strid", s� talte han med v�nlig r�st,
"�r �dlast den, som bjuder f�rst sin hand till frid."
D� rodnade kung Halvdan, drog st�lhandsken av,
och l�nge skilda h�nder slogo nu ihop,
ett kraftigt handslag, trofast s�som fj�llens grund. 290
F�rbannelsen uppl�ste gubben d�, som l�g
ut�ver varg i veum, �ver biltog man.
Och som den l�stes, insteg pl�tsligt Ingeborg,
brudsmyckad, hermlinsmantlad, utav t�rnor f�ljd,
som m�nen f�ljts av stj�rnorna p� himmelns valv. 295
Med t�rar i de sk�na �gonen hon f�ll
intill sin broders hj�rta, men han lade r�rd
den k�ra systern intill Fritiofs trogna br�st.
Och �ver gudens altar r�ckte hon sin hand
�t barndomsv�nnen, �t sitt hj�rtas �lskade.----

NOTES.

[The commentaries of F. W. Lindvall's school edition of Fritiofs Saga

have been extensively reproduced.]

CANTO I.

Stanza 1. _Hilding_ was a yeoman or bonde (see note, canto 2: 1) of Sogn

in Norway and fosterfather of Fritiof and Ingeborg. In viking times the
children of kings and great warriors were often entrusted to the care of
less influential and less wealthy friends to be trained by them, thus
removing the young from the temptations and disturbing influences of
court life and warfare. This practice would also remove them from the
danger of being pampered by fond parents or sycophantic servants.

1. _Ej Norden f�rr sett tv� s� sk�na_. The auxiliary _har_ is omitted.
Such omissions are common in subordinate clauses and in poetry.

6. _S�g_. Subjunctive past, regular form _s�ge_.

6. _i Frejas Hus_. Freja, or Fr�ja, wife of �der, was the goddess of

beauty and love. In her abode, Folkvang, were gathered all the lovers who
had been faithful to each other unto death.

7. _�lvkungen_. _�lvor_ or _alfer_ were ethereal beings of great beauty

and with voices that had the clearness of silver. During moonlight nights
especially they danced in dales and groves. _Ljusalfer_, light elves,
personified the benign influences in nature, especially as they manifest
themselves in the realms of light and air. _Svartalfer_, black elves,
lived in the earth and personified the silent forces that operate beneath
its surface. They are perhaps identical with the dwarfs. The elves are
here thought of as having kings and queens just as human beings.

8. _En Kung var ej som han i �ra_. A king was not honored as he.

8. _runan_. The runes were the characters of the early alphabet of the
Germans, Anglo-Saxons, and Scandinavians. Runic inscriptions were
generally cut into wood, bone or rock.

9. _fick han Ingborg l�ra. Fick_ may mean either that he was permitted to
teach Ingeborg or that he must do it because of an irresistible desire to
do so.

10. _b�d', b�de_.

12. _Det f�rsta ax, vars guld blev moget_. A striking metaphor meaning
"the first head of grain that ripened and assumed a golden color."

13. _innan kort_, before long.

14. _drog p� jakt_. Idiomatic expression for "went hunting."

17. _Valhall(a)_, the home of the gods and the palace of Oden. Hither one
half of the heroes that fell in battle were carried by the valkyrs. Here
they spent their time in feasting and fighting.

18. _ett kornland, som f�r vinden g�r_. A field of grain that waves
before the wind.

19. _Idun(a)_, wife of Brage and keeper of the golden apples of youth.

20. _Frigg(a)_, the wife of Oden and queen of the goddesses. She was the
goddess of conjugal and motherly love.

21. _Gerd(a)_, wife of Frej, was the daughter of a giant, but

nevertheless renowned for her wonderful beauty.

22. _Nanna_, wife of Balder, personified pure and tender love. Balder was
the fair god who loved light and lived a life of purity and innocence.
The evil Loke induced Balder's blind brother, �der, to throw an arrow of
mistletoe at him and he fell dead. When Nanna saw the body of her dead
husband carried out to the funeral pyre, her heart burst with grief.

23. _Hel(a)_, goddess of death and ruler of nine worlds in Nifelhem. She
received all that died of sickness or old age, but it seems that others
also came to her abode. In the deepest abyss of her kingdom was a place
of punishment for the wicked. From her name comes the word "hell" and
Swedish _ihj�l (att sl� ihj�l_, to kill).

32. _Oden_, oldest and highest god of the Northern races. His spirit
pervaded everything. He is the source of the higher forms of life.

33. _Allfader_, Oden. He is so called because he was supposed to be the

father of men and of gods.

33. _till smycke_, as an ornament. This use of _till_ is very common in

Swedish.
34. _Beles dotter_. Ingeborg's father was Bele, king of Sogn in western
Norway.

35. _Till Oden ... uppstiger hennes �ttartal_. The royal families were
supposed to have descended from the gods
(see note, canto XXIV: 237).

36. _Torstens son_. Fritiof was the son of Torsten Vikingsson, a viking
chief.

37. Observe the numerous expressions of the defiant spirit of Fritiof

prior to his going into exile. Note also in stanzas 37 and 38 his
ingenuity in proving his own high rank.

38. _Tor_, god of thunder and of war, the strongest of the gods. All
noble human strength came from him. He was the friend of man and the
enemy of the giants with whom he had many hard conflicts. His abode,
Trudvang, was marvelously beautiful. When he journeyed forth from
Trudvang, driving a span of he-goats, to meet the giants, thunder and
lightning arose.

CANTO II.

Stanza 1. _bonde_. This term is generally translated by the word peasant.

The word yeoman is often used as an equivalent term and sometimes the
original Scandinavian form _bonde_ is used in English. A _bonde_ was an
independent land-holder, liberty-loving, and, as a rule, an active
participant in public affairs.

3. _mj�d_, mead, a fermented drink made of water, honey and hops with a
flavoring of spices.

5. _altarrunden_. The pagan temples had no altars. The figure is borrowed

from the modern temple.

5. _offerlunden_. The Norse temples were usually surrounded by sacred

groves.

8. _hon_; antecedent is endr�kt.

8. _som ringen p� lansen_. This refers to the metal ring that served to
hold the point of the lance to the lance itself and thus gave it greater
strength.

11. _P� pelarstoder fyra_. According to Scandinavian mythology the

heavens were supported by four dwarfs, _Austre_, East, _V�stre_, West,
_Nordre_, North, and _S�dre_, South.

13. _Nog svika lungans tecken i offrad falk_. This assumes that the
Norsemen read signs by observing the entrails of animals. Authorities
differ on this point. Some maintain that the poet has here merely
borrowed from classical mythology.

13. _fl�rd �r m�ngen runa, som sk�rs p� balk_. Meaningless or deceptive

is many a rune that is cut in the staff. The early Northmen believed that
the will of the gods could be ascertained by writing runes on sticks of
wood which then were thrown on the ground and read by the priests.
18. _hur vis han het_ (heter). Expression is equivalent to "Hur vis han
�n m� heta."

18. _h�gb�nk_. In the primitive Scandinavian homes benches were placed

along the four walls. The men had their places along the long walls
(l�ngsidor) and the women along the end walls (kortsidor). At the center
of the two long walls were high seats of honor. The master of the house
occupied the one on the north side and the chief guest the one on the
south side.

21. _till Oden g�_, to die.

22. _Odens f�glar_. Oden is represented as having two birds, Hugin

(thought) and Munin (memory or, according to some authorities, the
longing that impels Oden to activity), which are dispatched to the earth
at every day-break and in the evening return to Oden and whisper into his
ears the news of the day's happenings.

26. _ty v�dret r�r f�r �rsv�xt och vind f�r lycka_. Equivalent to saying
that man is not himself the absolute master of his own destiny. The
forces of nature can thwart all his plans.

28. Throughout this canto Tegn�r draws freely from Havamal, the "Song of
Oden" or the "Song of the Most High," which is replete with precepts on
morality and wisdom. In this stanza this ancient Scandinavian song is
followed very closely. Note the frequent sarcastic references to woman in
the Saga.

32. _norna_. The norns, three in number, weave the fate of men and gods.
Urda was the norn of the past, Verdandi of the present, and Skulda of the
future.

32. _hon st�tte p� sk�ld_. The meaning is: Wherever fate threatened with
some danger it was met by courage and vigilance.

33. _de asas�ner_. See note, canto I: 35.

33. _Nordlands kungar_, the kings of the Northland.

38. _bautasten_. A monument erected in honor of rulers or heroes.

39. _Frej_, the god of sunshine and warm summer showers, hence also the
god of harvests.

CANTO III.

Line 1. _Voro nu satta i h�g_. Were interred.

2. _fj�rden_. In this case Sognefjord.

6. _f�ste i lugn sin boning p� Framn�s_. Took up his abode on Framn�s.

This probably lay on the south side of Sognefjord.

9. _de kullarnas topp. De_ is seldom used in this way. Here supplied for
the sake of the meter.
15. _som l�ngta till st�van_. That yearn to be milked.

23. _till tio tolfter p� hundrat_. A so-called _storhundrade_ or great

hundred was 120.

26. _h�gs�tespelare_, the posts of the seat of honor. On it were carved

images of Oden and Frej.

28. _Frej med solen p� hatten_. Frej was the sun god and was pictured
with a sun on his helmet.

34. _�sterv�g_, Eastern billow, the Baltic. _V�stersaltet_, Western salt,

the North Sea, _Gandvik_, the White Sea.

36. _Brage_, the god of poetry and music.

38. _Mimers evigt sorlande v�g_. Mimer's ever rippling fountain. The god
Mimer guarded the fountain of wisdom. Oden once pawned one of his eyes
for a drink out of this fountain.

52. _visthus_. These were small houses, separated from the main building,
in which food was kept.

58. _�sterland_, Asia.

59. _dv�rgarnas eld_. The dwarfs were supposed to be most skillful

smiths.

61. _Gr�ningasund_, a sound between Seeland, Moen and Falster in Denmark.

62. _het_, abbrev. for _hette_.

63. _Uller�ker_, a royal estate near Uppsala, where judicial assemblies

were held.

68. _J�rnh�s_. The word means iron skull.

76. _vid solens portar_, in Asia.

79. _Hildur_, the goddess of war. "Hildur's lek" means war.

84. _Vaulund_ was the most skillful smith among the dwarfs. He is called
_haltande_, lame or limping, because Mimer's wife, who was his bitter
enemy, had cut the tendons of his knees.

85. _Tre mark h�ll han i vikt_. It weighed three marks. A mark was
approximately one half kilogram.

88. _Alfhem_, the realm of air between heaven and earth, was the home of
the elves and of Frej.

90. _Saga_, wife of Oden and goddess of history. She dwelt in S�kvab�ck
beneath the stream of time and events, taking note of all she saw. Here
Oden visited her daily to drink the pure water from golden beakers and
listen to her songs about former days.

99. After the death of Balder (see note, canto I: 22) his body was burned
on a great funeral pyre.
100. _Glitner_, "glittering hall," the home of Forsete, the god of
justice.

110. _Bretland_, England.

111. _satt sig med skepp_, interred with ship and all.

114. _draken_. The viking ships were so called because in the prow were
placed carved images of the dragon's head and the stern was made to
resemble the dragon's tail.

164. _�gir_, the god of the stormy sea.

171. _vingarna_. The sails.

172. _blev efter_. Was left behind in the race.

179. _Var han ej konungason_. Even though he was not a king's son.

186. _blandat blod med varandra_. A solemn compact of brotherhood was

sealed by the parties to it causing their blood to flow together from
self-inflicted wounds while they made the promises that are stated in the
text.

CANTO IV.

Stanza 2. _drakarna_. See note, canto III: 114.

3. _till g�st_. See note, canto I: 33.

4. _dess sida_. Dess, genitive of _den_ and _det_, is irregularly used

here. The regular form would be _hennes_.

5. _De taltes vid_. They talked together.

6. _namnen, som grodde i bj�rkens bark_. See canto I: 27.

9. Observe in last line the change to direct address.

10. _v�l_, doubtless.

11. _dagen om_, throughout the day.

16. _jagar i molnen_. Goes ahunting in the clouds, is dreaming.

18. _Den str�d�d_. For the ancient Northmen it was a great disgrace to
die a natural death. Death from self-inflicted wounds was more honorable.
The use of _den_ without an adjective is archaic.

18. _bl�vit Hela_. Hela (see note, canto I: 23) was hideous in
appearance. Half of her body was livid in color and the other half bore
the ghastly pallor of death.

23. _jarl_, chief of a province. English, earl.

26. _Nordlandens drotter_, the kings of the Northland.

27. _Odensblodet_. See note, canto I: 35.

28. _man_. In this connection _man_ means one of the king's retinue. The
_b�nder_ rarely sought protection from kings and the proposal of Helge
was highly insulting to Fritiof, who himself had a retinue.

30. _runorna l�gade r�da d�rp�_. See canto II: 78-81.

31. _svartekung_, swartbeard. Helge is given this name, partly because of

his swarthy features, partly because he practices black arts. See canto
II: 5.

CANTO V.

Stanza 1. King Ring ruled over Ringerike, on the west side of Kristiania
fjord.

4. _sn�ckorna_, ships.

4. _vita vingar_, white wings, sails.

4. _av rikdom, som rikdomen (be)tingar_. Of wealth that brings more

wealth, or upon which further wealth is contingent.

11. _jag g�tt i fr�_, I have grown old.

11. _kungens de glesnade lockar. De_ is here used irregularly.

17. _Men lungorna nekade bifall alltj�mt_. Constantly the signs refused
to he affirmative. For reading of signs see note, canto II: 13.

2l. _i templet s�tter jag min syster_. The temple of Balder is referred
to. Here persons were inviolate and it was especially a great crime for a
man to visit a woman in this sacred place.

CANTO VI.

Observe the ingenuity with which Fritiof's words to Bj�rn are also made
to convey an answer to Hilding. _Kung_ and _bonde_ refer to Helge and
Fritiof, but they are also the chess terms for king and pawn. Note also
the ingenious rhyme of this canto.

Stanza 6. _sk�ldborg_. In battle the chief warriors stood around the king
and the royal banner in closed ranks with their shields turned outward
for protection.

11. _man_. See note, canto IV: 28.

Stanza 3. _Delling_, Dawn, was the husband of _Natt_. Their son, _Dag_,
was radiant with heauty.

4. _p�rlor_, the stars.

5. _k�rlekens gudinna_. Fritiof's name for Ingeborg.

10. _valkyria_. The valkyrs were beautiful maidens that served in
Valhall. They were sent by Oden to the battlefields to select certain
among the fallen heroes and bring them to Valhall.

16. _Vingolv_, the common hall of the gods.

19--22. Compare Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet, Act III., Scene V.

20. _Ragnar�k_, the twilight of the gods, the end of the world.

CANTO VIII.

Lines 27--28. See note, canto V: 21.

35. _Urdas blanka v�g_. The pure water of Urda's fountain. The norns
daily brought holy water out of this fountain to sprinkle the roots of
the great world-tree Yggdrasil in order to keep it ever green. This tree
is symbolic of the universe as a great unity. Its branches reach unto
heaven. One of its roots extends unto the abode of men, another to the
realm of the giants and the third to Hel's kingdom.

36. _Gefton_, the virgin goddess and the protector of female chastity.
All women that died unmarried were supposed to serve her.

57. _Bifrosts bro_, the rainbow, the radiant bridge over which the gods
pass from heaven to earth. The valkyrs conduct the fallen heroes to
Valhall over this bridge.

59. _D�r skall han st�_. Han refers to the god of love who is represented
as having light wings on his shoulders.

65--66. See canto I: 35.

77. _Min vreda norna_. My evil fate.

87. The _ting_ or judicial assembly was held in the open, usually by a
burial mound or on a knoll. The proximity to the burial place added
solemnity to the procedure. The dead were supposed to be able to hear the
deliberations (see canto 4: 25). The judge's seat usually consisted of a
boulder.

91--95. See canto II: 5 and 6.

105. _Asa-Tor_, a common designation for Tor.

106. _till f�rsoning_, in reconciliation.

109-110. _som glad drack fria m�nners bifall till det r�tta_. Observe the
apt and striking metaphor.

124. _Ett bleklagt nej p� m�nsklighetens b�ner_. A striking hyperbole.

Only Fritiof and Ingeborg and the assembly were directly concerned.

129. _Har du ej sett. Sett_ here used instead of _tr�ffat_ or _m�tt_.

145. _Den dumma vantron_. Note Fritiof's frequent sarcastic references to

the religious beliefs and practices of his day. In later cantos (15-24)
he appears as a serious-minded and "orthodox" man.

149. _den d�da valans_. Refers to Oden's journey to Hel to ascertain from
the vala what fate awaited his son Balder. She predicts the death of
Balder at the hands of his brother. (See note, canto I: 22.)

150. _Vegtamskvida_, the Eddic Lay of Vegtam. This tells about Odin's
journey to Hel. He traveled in disguise and under the name of Vegtam.

156. _i V�sterhafvet_, in the North Sea. The islands referred to are the
Orkneys, which were first visited by the Northmen in the early part of
the seventh century.

164. _Fafner_, a monster that had acquired great wealth by murdering his
father. In the form of a hideous dragon he guarded this treasure
carefully. His chief means of defense was spewing poison upon those that
attacked him.

165. _Sigurd Fafnesbane_, Sigurd the Dragonkiller. He slays Fafner by

thrusting his sword into the heart of the monster. He is the foremost
hero of the old sagas.

168. _till n�sta sommar_. By next summer.

177. _Nastrand_, the dark region of the nether world whither all went
that had lived criminal and impure lives.

216. _Greklands hav_, the Grecian Sea. The Northern vikings often
extended their expeditions to Southern Europe and even to Asia.

233. _f�gna �n med m�nsklig lycka de f�rg�tna gudar_. This betrays

Fritiof's ignorance of the Greek's conception of their gods. The Greeks
believed that the gods became jealous of men when these prospered and
were happy.

272. _I h�gen din fader sitter_. The bodies of fallen heroes were placed
in a sitting posture in the funeral mound.

275. _�r mig i faders st�lle. Mig_, possessive dative.

285. _nu_, once for all.

303. _diktade i molnen_, fancied and located in the clouds.

360. _kung Helges syster_. There is bitterness in Fritiof's parting

words. Observe that later when Ingeborg's sound reasoning has convinced
and calmed him he calls her _kung Beles dotter_.

380. _Alltsen mitt v�sen b�rjade att dagas_. Ever since the dawn of my
existence.

441. _man diktat p� mig_, falsely attributed to me; _m�na'r_, m�nader.

466. _ger sitt liv till spillo_. Sacrifices his life. _Till spillo_ is an
antiquated dative.

CANTO IX.
Stanza 2. _det �r lyckligt, f�r f�lja_. Either _som_ or _det_ supplied
before _f�r_.

4. _Ej till hans m�te: ej att m�ta honom_. Not to meet him. This
objective genitive occurs very seldom.

5. A fine example of the terse and striking expressions that are so

numerous in Tegn�r.

6. _Falk_. The custom of using the falcon in the hunt is very old in
Scandinavia.

8. _�der_, the faithless and restless husband of Freja. Once when he left
her and remained away a long time she sought him in all lands. The tears
she wept while on this sad errand were so precious that they turned to
gold; hence this metal is found in all lands. According to one version of
the story, she finally found �der in the South, sitting under the myrtle
tree; hence the custom that every bride in Scandinavia must wear a crown
of myrtle.

CANTO X.

Stanza 1. _t�nk p�_, think of.

2. _Sam_ and _Hejd_ were two monsters that Helge had sent for and offered
presents with the request that they raise a storm that would destroy
Fritiof and his men. They appeared in the guise of polar bear and eagle.

2. _gudars hem_, the heavens.

3. _Solundar-�_, an island near the Norwegian coast, probably at the

outlet of Sognefjord. Today the group is called the Outer and the Inner
Sol Islands.

4. _gudatimrade_, built by the gods. See note, canto 3: 164 seq.

5. _kan du icke se f�r natt_, could not see because of the darkness.

5. _dra seglaren i kvav_. Drag the sailor into the deep. _G� i kvav_, to
founder, go down.

5. _Ran(a)_, wife of �gir and goddess of the sea, was hostile to men and
sought to drag them down into the deep. She was passionately fond of
gold, and sailors deemed it wise to have some of the yellow metal with
them with which to appease her in case they foundered at sea. (See stanza
6.)

5. _�t oss_, for us.

6. _f�sta havsbrud_, plight troth with the goddess of the sea.

7. _kvad den_, called it forth by incantation.

8. _skepna'n_, skepnaden.

8. _�r du gudars dotter_. See canto III: 164 seq.

9. _h�lla sj�n_, keep afloat.

10. _Efjesund_, a sound in the Orkney Islands. Angantyr was jarl of the
Orkneys.

11. _havets m�r_, the waves, nine beautiful daughters of �gir and Ran who
delighted in playing all over the surface of their father's vast domain.

11. _mj�dhorn vandrande p� guldfot_. The drinking horns of the ancients

often had metal supports.

CANTO XI.

Stanza 1. _s�g ut �t bl�nad ban_, looked out over the blue course (sea).

1. _allt som_, just like.

2. _blott hornet in han stack_, he passed the horn back through the
window to have it refilled.

4. _P� g�ngen och p� pannan_. The definite form may be used thus instead
of the possessive when there is no ambiguity.

5. _b�rs�rk_, from _ber_, bare, and _serk_, shirt or coat of mail. The
berserk was an unarmed warrior that went to battle in a frenzy and
possessed with preternatural strength. In their fury the berserks would
attack indiscriminately friend or foe or even inanimate objects. They
were looked upon as abnormal.

8. _var runa stod i brand_. See canto III: 74-81.

10. _pr�va annan f�rd_, try a new way.

13. _till slut_, at last.

13. _livet ... p� dig_. A characteristic prepositional possessive.

14. _jag ligger som jag l�g_, I will remain still.

15. _h�ll mitt i hugget inne_, stopped in the very act of striking.

16 _t�rsten g�r mig men_, the thirst hurts me.

17-18. The description of Angantyr's hall is very much modernized by the

poet.

20. _som en ros i runa_. May perhaps mean an embellished rune or a flower
enclosed in a letter.

22. _ej sitte fj�rran fr�n_, should not sit far away.

23. _Sikel�_, Sicily.

24. _Morven_. Northern Scotland, which was often visited by vikings.

24. _v�lska_, Gaelic, the language spoken in the Scotch Highlands.

24. _norr�na tunga_, Norse tongue, the common language of Scandinavia
before and during the Viking period.

29. _m�nner_, archaic plural.

30. _Astrild_, Cupid.

32. _fj�rran myntat guld_, gold coined far away, foreign money.

34. _satt ... vintern ut_, remained to the end of winter.

CANTO XII.

Line 9. _�girs d�ttrar_, the waves. See canto X: 11.

19. _dar_, dagar.

21. _v�xer ut_, assumes the form.

84. _Eriksgata_, from _edh-vreks-gata (ed-givar-gata)_, the journey of

early kings to receive the homage of their subjects. Some authorities see
the origin of the word in the fact that Erik the Saint was supposed to be
the first king to take one of these royal trips.

91. _Disardalen_, the valley of the gods where Balder's temple lay.

108. _Loke_, the evil giant-god, the enemy of all that was good.

129. _Var_, the goddess of plighted troth. She recorded the solemn
promises of lovers and the marriage vows and avenged any violation of the
same.

135. _Balders Nanna_. See canto I: 22.

145. _s�r h�gens s�d_, sows the seed of the funeral mound, i. e., takes
life.

164. _Vidar_, the silent god, who next to Tor was the strongest among the
asar. He avenges Oden in Ragnar�k.

187. _den dagen ... fr�n min runstav tagen_. The early Scandinavians had
some sort of calendars, consisting of runes carved on a staff.

198. _Lofn_, the mild and good goddess, and the deity of matrimony.

199. _vite guden_, Balder.

200. _s� n�r som_, except.

CANTO XIII.

Stanza 2. _d� r�r H�der f�r v�rlden_, then H�der (�der) rules the world.
H�der, the blind brother of Balder, is the god of night and darkness.

7. _V�sterv�gor_, the western sea.

12. _din like_, one like you.

17. _Fritiof blygs, att han darrar_, Fritiof is so ashamed that he

trembles. The antecedent of _han_ may be Bj�rn and not Fritiof, the
meaning then being, that the latter is ashamed because Bj�rn trembles.

20. _fl�dar_, pours water.

22. _eldr�d hane_. The red cock, the symbol of fire.

25. _Muspels s�ner_, the flames. Muspel or Muspelhem, the fire world, lay
south of the abyss Ginnungagap and was guarded by the flame giant Surt.

CANTO XIV.

In the first part of this canto Fritiof gives free expression to his
skepticism and to his contempt for the superstition of his day. See canto
VIII, lines 145, 196, 197, 255; canto XIII, stanzas 3, 13. Such
skepticism was common in Scandinavia just before the introduction of
Christianity.

91. _d�na_, for _d�na_.

123. _gudabloden_. Blod is neuter but here used as a gender noun.

175. _nidingsst�nger_ were pillars raised at crossroads or other

conspicuous places to mock an enemy or to indicate that he was held in
contempt by every one. At the top was the head of a horse and further
down were comic inscriptions giving the name of the despised person and
the nature of his offence.

179. _till lands_, on land, antiquated genitive. There are many similar
expressions in Swedish.

190. _Gudbrands d�ld_, the valley of Gudbrand in central Norway.

196. _springa_, break.

202. _Heimskringla_, the earth. Note the apt figure _Heimskringlas

panna_, meaning the Northland.

233. _sn�gar_, poetical form for _sn�ar_.

CANTO XV.

Stanza 3. _Kort �r hammarens skaft hos den segrande Tor_. The handle of
Tor's hammer, Mj�lner, was very short; in his conflicts with the giants
the god hurled it at the enemies. It always returned to his hand, no
matter how far he might hurl it. Frej's sword, referred to, had the power
of fighting successfully of its own accord as soon as it was drawn from
the sheath.

4. _den som stryker (segel)_, the one that lowers the sails, i.e.,
surrenders.
6. _Valfader_, Oden.

9. _nu_, equivalent to _om_.

15. _vill du h�lsas f�r v�r_, if you would be hailed as one of us.

15. _Ljungaren_, the thunderer, Tor.

CANTO XVI.

Stanza 4. _holmg�ng_, a duel, so called because originally fought on a

small island _(holme)_.

8. _Hagbart_, a Norse sea king, was secretly betrothed to Signe, daughter

of Sigar, king of Seeland, who caused Hagbart to be captured and hanged.
Signe then put fire to her chamber and perished in the flames. The tragic
story formed a popular theme for Scandinavian bards.

8. _rista blod�rn_, inscribe the blood eagle. This was a monstrous

practice by which the Northmen sometimes wreaked vengeance upon their
fallen enemies. The ribs were severed from the spinal column and bent
outward in the form of wings and salt poured into the wounds, whereupon
the entrails were torn out.

CANTO XVII.

Stanza 6. _helt mycket_, a great deal.

6. _I �nger �r jag uppf�dd_, seq. Fritiof's dejection blinds his eyes to

the happy conditions of his boyhood and youth. What he says is not true.
Compare with cantos I and III.

7. _br�nner salt vid strand_, boils the sea water to get a residue of
salt. This occupation was carried on by the poor and the aged and was
considered a very menial service.

14. _nu var l�ftets timme, och in b�rs Frejers galt_. The yule time
marked the return of light and was therefore an occasion for great
rejoicing and sacrificing to Frej, the sun god. In his honor a roasted
boar was placed on the table and with their hands on its head the
warriors vowed that they would perform certain heroic deeds.

15. _vinna_, conquer.

18. _i vinter_, this winter.

24. _helt skarpt_, quite liberally, profusely.

24. _ett �rligt julerus_, a good yuletide spree.

CANTO XVIII.

Stanza 6. _Sleipner_, the eight-footed steed of Odin, which was swifter

than the wind and never grew tired.
CANTO XIX.

Stansa 2. _med kappor �ver �ga_. The falcons were trained for the hunt by
starving them and keeping a hood over their eyes. This was removed just
before the bird was released. It then rose perpendicularly and started in
pursuit of its prey.

3. _Rota_, a valkyr.

5. _Odens sal_, heaven.

5. _valkyrjan_, the huntress.

7. _Grubblar viking_. This has a conditional meaning; _om_ implied before

the clause.

9. _Ty de hata m�nskors �tter_. Fritiof had changed his ideas about the
gods. See canto VIII: 235.

13-15. The birds give expression to Fritiof's own thoughts.

16. _I, som aldrig skulle_. The easier conversational form _skulle_ is
here used, rather than _skullen_, which the strict adherence to
grammatical forms would require.

17. _Nifelhem_, the abode of mist and darkness.

25. _varg i veum_, wolf in the temple, i. e., profaner of the sanctuary.

CANTO XX.

Stanza 1. _Skinfaxe_, the shining steed of _Dag_, day.

3. _vingade h�sten_, the ship.

10. _rista geirs-odd_, to take one's own life by wounding oneself with a
lance.

13. _blodiga drotter_, bloody deeds of achievement.

13. _�tth�gens dotter_, the peace that awaits him in another world.

14. _gjallarhorn_, the trumpet of Heimdall, the sentry of the gods.

_Gjallarhornet_ can be heard to the remotest part of the world. Upon it
Heimdall would blow one terrific blast to summon the gods to the final
conflict in Ragnar�k.

CANTO XXI.

Stanza 4. _Vanadis_. Freja, having been born in Vanaheim, was also known
as Vanadis.

5. _b�rs�rk_. See canto XI: 5.

9. _dv�rgarnas dag-glans, drakarnas b�dd_, gold. The dwarfs and dragons

had a passionate desire for gold. _Dv�rgarnas dag-glans_ is an allusion
to the belief that the subterranean caves of the dwarfs were illuminated
by gold. _Drakarnas b�dd_ alludes to the supposition that all great
treasures in caves were guarded by fierce dragons, as Fafner. See canto
VIII: 164.

CANTO XXII.

Stanza 1. _Budkavlen_. Men were summoned to assemblies by staffs that

were inscribed with runes and passed from house to house.

7. _p� �ppet ting_. See canto VIII: 87.

11. _Odens �tt_. See canto I: 35.

16. _b�ndren_, regular form, _b�nderna_.

20. _sk�ldem�r_, shield maidens. The valkyrs were sometimes called norns.

20. _De bygga under tidens tr�d och ovanf�r_. This refers to the norns
who dwelt at the well of Urd by the world-tree Yggdrasil. But they also
determine the fate of men on earth. _Bygga_ means here build and dwell.

CANTO XXIII.

Stanza 2. _o, den som, aldrig gungat d�rupp�_! Note how Fritiof has
changed his mind regarding life on the sea. Contrast this with canto XII:
143 seq.; XIV: 65 seq.; XIX: 27 seq.

5. _Nidh�gg_, a dragon that was continually gnawing at the roots of

Yggdrasil in order to bring about the destruction of the gods.

5. _m�rkrets v�rld_, Nifelhem.

7. _fromme gud_, Balder.

9. _Angantyr_, a great warrior, who fell in a duel and was buried

together with his famous sword, Tyrfing. His daughter Hervor appealed to
him to give her the sword. This he did, at the same time predicting that
it would some day bring disaster upon her and upon her people.

13. _Breidablick_, Balder's glittering palace, the most beautiful hall in

Valhall. Its purity was such that nothing common or unclean could endure
within its confines.

14. _b�st som_, just as.

15. _m�r fr�n tidens k�lla_. See canto XXII: 20.

CANTO XXIII.

Line 16. _I voren tempelbrand f�r mig en g�ng_. Equivalent to saying:

When I saw you I was reminded of the burning temple.
CANTO XXIV.

Line 5. _hillebarder_, halberds, weapons that were a combination of axe

and spear.

9. _templet i Uppsala likt_. The ancient pagan temple at Uppsala was

famous for its marvelous beauty.

23. _Vala_. The reference is to Voluspa, the Vala Prophecy, one of the
oldest if not the oldest poetic production of Scandinavia.

26. _fromhetsguden_, Balder.

37-39. See canto I: 22.

56. _Valaskjalf_, a beautiful palace of Oden which was built by the gods
and roofed with pure silver. In this palace is the throne Hlidskjalf.
Seated there, Oden could overlook the whole world.

76. _Jotunheim_ or _Utg�rd_ was the dark and chaotic realm of the giants,
which lay in the uttermost part of the earth.

77. _gudab�lte_. Tors' wonderful belt, Megingjard which doubled his

strength when he put it on. With his mailed gauntlets he seizes his
hammer Mj�lner.

78. _Utg�rda-Loke_. The evil giant-god is so called because he has his

realm in Utg�rd. See note, line 76.

81. _�girs barm_, the ocean.

88. _Ymer_, an enormous giant which the gods slew and from whose body
they formed earth and heaven. His flesh constitutes the earth; the bones,
mountains; the teeth, rocks; the skull, the heavenly vault; and the
blood, oceans.

96. _Asker_, the first created man.

103. _f�geln kommer flygande_. See canto II: 22.

106. _n�r Balder f�ll_. See canto I: 22.

110. _Midg�rdsormen_, the serpent of Midg�rd, which Oden threw into the
sea where it grew until it encircled the earth.

111. _Fenris_ or _Fenrisulven_, a giant wolf, son of Loke, which the gods
bound securely to a solid rock. There he lies howling until the end of
mundane things, when he breaks his fetters and devours Oden. Oden's son,
Vidar, avenges his death by slaying Fenris.

112. _Surt or Surtur_, the god of fire, who guards the fiery realm
Muspelhem. At Ragnar�k he is the first to ride forth to conflict with the
gods. He carries a flaming sword that transcends the sun in brightness.

114-116. _I Valhall gal gullkammig hane_, seq. The cock, as the symbol of
fire, announces the coming of Ragnar�k. A golden-combed cock awakens the
halls of Valhall, a red cock crows on earth and beneath the earth.
161. _Vigrids hundramilasl�tt_. Vigrid's plains, one hundred miles
square, upon which is waged the final conflict between the gods and the
forces of evil.

175. _Idavallen_, the plains of Ida, where the gods first met after the
creation of heaven and earth. Here the gods were at play when Balder
fell. After Ragnar�k the regenerated gods return to Idavallen and recall
to their mind the heroic deeds they had performed. In the grass they find
the wonderful golden disks that had been the property of the ancient
gods.

181. _Gimles port_, the portal of Gimle, a hall lined with gold and
fairer than the sun, in which the righteous dwell after Ragnar�k in
eternal bliss.

193. _leder g�ngarn fram_. The horse was used for food and for sacrifice.

211. _jungfruns son_, Christ. Returning warriors and tradesmen and

captives of war had undoubtedly at the time of Fritiof brought to
Scandinavia some knowledge of the teachings of the Christian religion.
The Balder of Scandinavian mythology has many of the attributes of
Christ.

237. _Semings blod_. Seming was one of the sons of Oden that became the
progenitor of a family of kings. Ingeborg and her brothers had descended
from him.

258. _Jumala_, a Finnish deity.

292. _varg i veum_. See canto XIX: 25.

INDEX TO MYTHOLOGICAL TERMS.

[Figures refer to canto and line or stanza under which explanatory notes
are given.]

Alfhem, 3: 88.
Allfader, 1: 33.
Asa-Tor, 8: 105.
Asker, 24: 96.
Astrild, 11: 30.
Austre, 2: 11.
Balder, 1: 22; 3: 99.
Bifrost, 8: 57.
Brage, 3: 36.
Breidablick, 23: 13.
Dag, 7: 3.
Delling, 7: 3.
Disardalen, 12: 91.
Dv�rgar, l: 7; 2: 11; 3: 59; 21: 9.
Fafner, 8: 164.
Fenris, 24: 111.
Folkvang, 1:6.
Forsete, 3: 100.
Frigga, 1: 20.
Frej, 2: 39; 3: 28, 194; 17: 14.
Freja, 1: 6; 9: 8.
Geflon, 8: 36.
Gerda, 1: 21.
Gimle, 24: 181.
Gjallarhom, 20: 14.
Glitner, 3: 100.
Havamal, 2: 28.
Hel, 1: 23; 4: 18.
Heimdal, 20: 4.
Heimskringla, 14: 207.
Hildur, 3: 79.
Hugin, 2: 22.
H�der (�der), 1: 22; 9: 8; 13: 2.
Idavallen, 24: 175.
Iduna, 1: 19.
Jotunheim, 24: 76.
Lofn, 12: 198.
Loke, 1: 22; 12: 108.
Megingjard, 24: 77.
Midg�rdsormen, 24: 110.
Mimer, 3: 38.
Mj�lner, 15: 3.
Munin, 2: 22.
Muspelhem, 13: 25.
Nanna, 2: 22.
Nastrand, 8: 177.
Natt, 7: 3.
Nidh�gg, 23: 5.
Nifelhem, 19: 17.
Nornor, 2: 32; 22: 20.
Nordre, 2: 11.
Oden, l: 32; 2: 22; 3: 90.
Ragnar�k, 7: 20.
Ran, 10: 5.
Rota, 19: 3.
Saga, 3: 90.
Seming, 24: 237.
Sigurd Fafnesbane, 8: 165.
Skinfaxe, 20: 1.
Skulda, 2: 32.
Sleipner, 18: 6.
Surt, 24: 112.
S�kvab�ck, 3: 90.
S�dre, 2: 11.
Tor, 1: 38; 15: 3.
Trudvang, 1: 38.
Urda, 2: 32; 7: 35.
Utg�rda-Loke, 24: 78.
Vala, 24: 23.
Valaskjalf, 24: 56.
Valfader, 15: 6.
Valhall, 1: 17.
Valkyria, 7: 10.
Vanadis, 21: 4.
Var, 12: 129.
Vaulund, 3: 84.
Vegtam, 8: 150.
Verdandi, 2: 32.
Vidar, 12: 164.
Vigrid, 24: 161.
Vingolv, 7: 16.
V�stre, 2: 11.
Yggdrasil, 7: 35; 22: 20.
Ymer, 24: 88.
�gir, 3: 164; 10: 11.
�lvor, 1: 7.
�der (H�der), 1: 22; 9: 8; 13: 2.

BIBLIOGRAPHY.

ANDERSON, RASMUS B. Viking Tales of the North, Chicago, 1876.

BOYESEN, H. H. Essays on Scandinavian Literature, New York, 1895.
BOLDT, A. Esaias Tegn�r, Helsingfors, 1904.
BR�NDES, GEORGE. Esaias Tegn�r. En litteraturpsychologisk studie,
Copenhagen, 1878.
--Mennesker og V�rker, Copenhagen, 1883.
B�TTIGER, C. W. Levnadsteckning. Esaias Tegn�rs Samlade skrifter.
Nationalupplaga.
ERDMAN, Nils. Esaias Tegn�r. En portr�ttstudie, Stockholm, 1896.
FLOM, G. T. Frithiofs Saga, Chicago, 1909.
HORN, F. W. History of the Literature of the Scandinavian North.
Translated by R. B. Anderson, Chicago, 1901.
LJUNGGREN, GUSTAV. Om Tegn�rs Fritiofs Saga, Stockholm, 1877. Also
Svenska Akademiens Handlingar, Series of 1796, LII. and LIII.
LONGFELLOW, H. W. Tegn�r's Frithiofs Saga. The North American Review,
XLV.
LYTH, P. G. Tegn�r och Frithiofs Saga, Norrk�ping, 1894.
MINNE AF ESAIAS TEGN�R, Stockholm, 1866. Contains biographical data on
Tegn�r by Franz�n, Rappe, Geijer, Wieselgren, Hagberg, and
Adlersparre, together with many poems by Franz�n, Wallin, Longfellow,
Oehlenschl�ger and others.
NYBLAEUS, AXEL. Esaias Tegn�r, Lund, 1882.
SCHUCK, HENRIK, OCH WAEBURG, KARL. Illustrerad Svensk Litteraturhistoria,
III. Stockholm, 1897.
SHAW, CLEMENT, B. Frithiofs Saga, Chicago, 1908.
TEGN�R, ELOF. Ur Tegn�rs papper, Stockholm, 1882. Contains a large number
of letters to Tegn�r from contemporary authors and other friends.
Covers the period of 1801-1844.
VEDEL, VALDEMAR. Svensk Romantik, Copenhagen, 1894.

VOCABULARY

In the case of nouns, the singular with the postpositive definite article
and the indefinite plural are given in parenthesis. When a dash takes the
place of a plural ending it indicates that the indefinite plural is the
same as the indefinite singular. The vertical lines within a word
indicate to what part the endings are to be added.

The principal parts of irregular and strong verbs are given in full.

A.

ack, ah, oh, alas.

adel, (-n), nobility,
afton (-en, aftnar), evening.
aftondagg (-en), evening dew.
aftonrodnad (-en, -er), sunset glow.
aftonsol (-en, -ar), evening sun.
aftonvind (-en, -ar), evening breeze.
akt, attention, giv --, look out, take notice.
akt|a (-ade, -at), to consider worthy, respect, notice; -- sig, beware.
akt|giva (-gav, -givit), to notice, pay attention.
aktning (-en), respect.
al (-en, -ar) alder.
aldrig, never.
alf (-en, -er), elf.
all, (allt, alla), all.
allena, (allen), alone.
allenast, only.
Allfader (-n), Father of All, Oden.
alltf�r, altogether too.
alltid, always, forever.
alltren, already.
alltj�mt, all the time, always.
allts�, thus.
alltnog, enough.
alltsedan, ever since.
allvar (-et), seriousness.
allvarsam, serious, grave.
almtr�d (-et, --), elm.
aln (-en, -ar), yard, ell.
altare (-t, -n), altar.
altarrund (-en, -er), altar circle.
amm|a (-ade, -at), to nurse.
an, on, forward, up.
an|a (-ade, -at), to apprehend, divine.
an|bringa (-bragte, -bragt), to attach, put.
and|as (-ades, -ats), to breathe.
and|e (-en, -ar), spirit.
andedrag (-et, --), breath.
andre, andra, other, second.
anfall (-et, --), attack.
ankare (-t, -n), anchor.
ankart�g (-et, --), anchorchain.
anklag|a (-ade, -at), to accuse.
anlete (-t, -n), face, countenance.
anletsdrag (-et, --), features.
annan, (ann, annat, def., andre, andra), other, different, else.
annars, otherwise.
annorlunda, different.
anor, no sing., ancestral traits, descent.
an|sl� (-slog, -slagit, -slagen), to strike, touch; sl� an en s�ng,
 strike up a tune or song.
arbet|a (-ade, -at) to work, form.
an|taga (-tog, -tagit, -tagen), to accept, suppose.
arbete, (-t, -n), work, labor.
arm (-en, -ar), arm.
arm, miserable, poor.
armring (-en, -ar), armring, bracelet.
art (-en, -er), kind, nature.
arv (-et, --), inheritance.
arvg�rd (-en, -ar), ancestral estate.
arving|e (-en, -ar), heir.
asablod (-et), blood of the gods.
asafr�nde (-n, -r), kinsman of the gods.
asag�st (-en, -er), guest of the gods.
asaljus (-et), light of the gods.
asar (def. sing. asen) gods.
asason (-en, -s�ner), son of the gods.
aska (-n), ashes, dust.
att, to, that.
av, by, of, from, with.
av och an, back and forth.
avbild (-en, -er), image.
av|bryta (-br�t, -brutit, -bruten), to break, interrupt.
avfall (-et, --), desertion, apostasy.
av|g�ra (-gjorde, -gjort), to decide.
avgrund (-en, -er), abyss, precipice, hell.
avgrundsl�g|a (-an, -or), flame of hell.
avsides, out of the way, remote.
avsked (-et, --), farewell, dismissal.
avst�nd (-et, --), distance.
avundsjuk, jealous.
ax (-et, --), head of grain.
ax|el (-eln, -lar), shoulder.

B.

back|e (-en, -ar), hill.

bad (-et --), bath.
bad, see bedja.
bad|a (-ade, -at), to bathe.
bak, behind.
bakstam (-men, -mar), stern.
baktill, behind, in the rear.
Baldersb�l (-et), Balder's pyre or stake.
Balderslund (-en), Balder's grove.
balk (-en, -ar), code, barrier.
ban|a (-an, -or), course, path.
band, see binda.
band (-et, --), band, bond.
bane, murderer, death by violent means.
bannlys|a (-te, -t), to banish.
bar, see b�ra.
bar, bare.
bara, merely, only.
bark (-en), bark.
barm (-en, -ar), bosom.
barn (-et, --), child.
barndom (-en), childhood.
barndomsdag (-en, -ar), childhood day.
barndomsk�rlek (-en), childhood love.
barndomsminne (-t, -n), memory of childhood.
barndomsv�n (-nen, -ner), childhood friend.
barndomsv�rld (-en, -ar), childhood world.
barnlek (-en, -ar), child's play, pl. childish games.
barnslig, childish.
bautasten (-en, -ar), memorial stone.
be, abbrev. bedja.
beckad, covered with pitch.
becksvart, pitch black.
bedja, be (bad, bedit or bett), to pray, ask.
bedrift (-en, -er), achievement.
be|driva (-drev, -drivit, -driven), to carry on.
bedr�v|a (-ade, -at), to distress, grieve.
befallja (-de, -t), to command.
be|grava (-grov, -gravit, -graven), to bury.
be|gr�ta (-gr�t, -gr�tit, -gr�ten), to mourn, bewail.
begyn|na (-te, -t), to begin.
beg�r (-et --), desire.
beg�r|a (-de, -t), to demand, ask.
behag (-et), delight, charm, comeliness.
behag|a (-ade, -at) to please.
beh�rsk|a (-ade, -at), to dominate, rule.
be|h�lla (-h�ll, -h�llit, -h�llen), to retain.
beh�v|a (-de, -t), to need.
beklag|a (-ade, -at), to deplore, pity; -- sig, complain.
bekrans|a (-ade, -at), to deck with flowers.
bel�gen, situated.
ben (-et --), leg, bone.
benrad (-en, -er), spinal column, skeleton.
bereda (beredde, berett), to prepare.
berg (-et --), mountain.
bergfast, firm as a mountain.
bero (-dde, -tt), to depend; p�, be dependent on.
beryktad, famous.
ber�md, famous.
be|se (-s�g, -sett, -sedd), to view, inspect.
besegr|a (-ade, -at), to conquer.
besinn|a (-ade, -at), to consider.
be|sjunga (-sj�ng,-sjungit, -sjungen), to praise or celebrate
with song.
beskrev, see beskriva.
be|skriva (-skrev, -skrivit, -skriven), to describe.
beslut (-et, --), decision.
be|sluta (-sl�t, -slutit), to decide.
besmittad, unclean, infected.
besteg, see bestiga.
be|stiga (-steg, stigit, -stigen), to ascend.
best�llsam, officious.
best�md, firm, decisive.
best�m|ma (-de, -t), to decide, determine, designate.
best�ndig, constant.
besviken, deceived.
besvurit, see besv�rja.
be|sv�rja (pres. besv�r, -svor, -svurit, -svuren), to implore, adjure.
be|s�tta (-satte, -satt), to set, mount (with jewels).
bes�k|a (-te, -t), to visit.
bet, see bita.
bet|a (-ade, -at), to graze,
betagen, enraptured,
betal|a (-ade, -at), to pay.
beteckna (-ade, -at), to signify.
beting (-et, --), condition.
beting|a (-ade, -at), to earn, demand.
be|tyda (-tydde, -tytt), to signify, mean.
bet�nk|a (-te, -t), to reflect, ponder.
bi (-et, -n), bee.
bid|a (-ade, -at), to bide, wait.
bifall (-et), permission, assent.
bild (-en, -er), picture, scene.
billig, reasonable, cheap.
biltog, outlawed.
binda, (band, pl. bundo, bundit, bunden), to bind, restrain.
bister, grim, harsh.
bita (bet, bitit, biten), to bite, cut, gnaw.
bitter, bitter.
bjuda (bj�d, bjudit, bjuden), to invite, offer, bid.
bjudning (-en, -ar), invitation.
bj�lk|e (-en, -ar), joist, beam.
bj�d, see bjuda.
bj�rk (-en, -ar), birchtree.
bj�rkskog (-en, -ar), birch woods.
bj�rn (-en, -ar), bear.
bj�rnhud (-en, -ar), bearskin.
bj�rnram (-en, -ar), paw of bear.
bj�rnskinnsman (-nen, -m�n), man clad in bearskin.
blad (-et, --), blade, leaf.
bland, among.
bland|a (-ade, -at), to mix.
blank, bright, polished.
blek, pale.
blekbl�, pale blue.
bleklagd, pale-faced.
blekn|a (-ade, -at), to turn pale.
bleknad, pale, having turned pale.
blev, see bliva.
bli, abbrev. of bliva.
blick (-en, -ar), glance, look.
blick|a (-ade, -at), to look.
blid, gentle.
blidk|a (-ade, -at), to propitiate.
blind, blind.
blindsk�r (-et, --), submerged rock.
bliva, bli (blev, blivit, bliven), to become; -- efter,
to be left behind.
blixt (-en, -ar), lightning, thunderbolt, flash.
blixtr|a (-ade, -at), to lighten, flash.
blod (et), blood.
blod|a (-ade, -at), to stain with blood.
blodfl�ckad, bloodstained.
blodig, bloody.
blodl�s, bloodless.
blodman (-nen, -m�n), headsman.
blodregn (-et), blood rain.
blodr�d, blood red.
blodsh�mnd (-en), blood vengeance.
blod�rn (-en, -ar), blood eagle.
blomdoft (-en, -er), fragrance of flowers.
blomkalk (-en, -ar), flower cup.
blomm|a (-ade, -at), to blossom.
blomm|a (-an, -or), flower.
blomster (-ret, --), flower, blossom.
blomsterdoft (-en, -er), rose fragrance.
blomsterg�rdjel (-em, -lar), flower girdle.
blomsterkransad, wreathed in flowers.
blomsterkront, decked or crowned with flowers.
blomstervidj|a (-an, -or), rose willow.
blomsterv�rld (-en), flower world.
blomster�ng (-en, -ar), flowery meadow or field.
blomstr|a (-ade, -at), to blossom.
bloss (-et,--), torch.
blossa (-ade, -at), to blaze, flash.
blot (-et), blood sacrifice.
blot|a (-ade, -at), to sacrifice.
blott, only, merely.
blott|a (-ade, -at), to lay bare.
blyg|as (-des, -ta), to be ashamed.
bl�, blue.
bl�nande, blue.
bl�nad, blue.
bl�s|a (-te, -t), to blow.
bl�vit, light blue, or blue white.
bl��gd, blue-eyed.
bl�nd|a (-ade, -at), to dazzle.
bl�da (bl�dde, bl�tt), to bleed.
bo (-et, -n), dwelling place, nest.
bo (-dde, -tt), to dwell, live.
bock (-en, -ar), buck, he-goat.
bog (-en, -ax), shoulder of an animal.
bok (-en, -ar), beech tree.
bolster (-ret, -rar), pillow, mattress.
bona (-ade, -at), to polish.
bonde (-n, b�nder), yeoman.
bondelag (et, --), group of yeomen.
bondeson (-en, -s�ner), yeoman's son.
boning (-en, -ar), dwelling, abode.
bord, om --, on board.
bord (-et, --), table.
borg (-en, -ar), castle.
borr|a (-ade, -at), to bore, scuttle.
bort, borta, away.
bot (-en, b�ter), fine, penance.
bott|en (-nen, -nar), bottom.
bottenl�s, bottomless.
bra, good, well.
bragd (-en, -er), achievement.
brak (-et), crash, loud noise.
brand (-en, br�nder), firebrand, fire.
brandgul, flame-colored.
brann, see brinna.
bras|a (-an, -or), fire, blaze.
brant (-en, -er), precipice, edge, declivity.
brant, steep.
bred, broad.
breda (bredde, brett), to spread.
bredvid, beside.
bring|a (-an, -or), chest of a horse or other animal.
bring|a (-ade or bragte, -at or bragt), to bring.
brinna (brann, pl. brunno, brunnit, brunnen), to burn.
brista (brast, pl. brusto, brustit, brusten), to break, to
be lacking in; -- i gr�t, to burst into tears.
bro (-n, -ar), bridge.
broder (-n, br�der), brother.
brodersfamn (-en), brother's embrace.
brokig, variegated.
bror, contr. of broder.
brottande (-t), wrestling.
brott|as (-ades, -�ts), to wrestle.
brottslig, criminal.
brud (-en, -ar), bride.
brudgumm|e (-en, -ar), bridegroom.
brudpar (-et, --), bridal couple.
brudsmyckad, decked as a bride.
bruds�ng (-en, -er), bridal song.
brun, brown.
brunno, see brinna.
brusa (-ade, -at), to gush, roar.
brutit, see bryta.
bryg|ga (-de, -t), to brew.
bryn (-et, --), edge, horizon.
brynj|a (-an, -or), coat of mail.
brynjohatare (-n, --), armor hater, sword.
bryta (br�t, brutit, bruten), to break, violate.
br�cklig, frail.
br�dd (-en, -ar), brim, edge.
br�n|na (-de, -t), to burn.
br�d (-et, --), bread.
br�drafred (-en), fraternal peace.
br�dren, for br�derna.
br�llop (-et, --), wedding.
br�llopsdag (-en, -ar), wedding day.
br�llopsdr�kt (-en, -ar), wedding costume.
br�llopsg�rd (-en, -ar), house where a wedding is celebrated.
br�st (-et, --), breast, bosom.
br�t, see bryta.
bud (-et, --), command, commandment, message, messenger.
bud|a (-ade, -at), to call, summon. [stick, summons.
budkavl|e (-en, -ar), lit. bid-
budskap (-et, --), message.
buk (-en, -ar), belly.
bukt (-en, -er), bay.
buktig, bent, convex, irregular.
bull|er (-ret), commotion, noise.
bunden, see binda.
bundo, see binda.
buro, see b�ra.
busk|e (-en, -ar), bush, shrub.
bygg|a (-de, -t), to build.
byte (-t, -n), prize, booty.
b�de, b�d', both.
b�g|e (-en, -ar), bow.
b�gig, curved.
b�l, (-et, --), stake, pyre.
b�ng (-et), bluster, fuss.
b�ngstyrig, refractory.
b�t|a (-ade, -at), to be of avail.
b�ck (-en, -ar), brook, stream.
b�dd (-en, -ar), bed.
b�dd|a (-ade, -at), to make a bed.
b�gare (-n, --), goblet, cup.
b�gge, both.
b�lte (-t, -n), belt.
b�ltestad (-en), waist line.
b�nk (-en, -ar), bench, seat.
b�r (-et, --), berry.
b�ra (bar, pl. buro, burit, buren), to carry, bear, lead.
b�rga (-ade, -at), to rescue; b�rgad sol, sun that has set.
b�rs�rk (-en, -er), berserk.
b�rs�rksg�ng (-en), berserk fury.
b�rs�rkssk�gg (-et), berserk's beard.
b�st, best.
b�ttre, better.
b�van, indecl., trepidation.
b�j|a (-de, -t), to bend.
b�jlig, flexible.
b�lj|a (-an, -or), wave, billow.
b�lja (-ade, -at), to surge.
b�n (-en, -er), prayer.
b�ra (borde, bort), ought.
b�rd (-en), rank.
b�rd|a (-an, -or), burden.
b�rj|a (-ade, -at), to begin.
b�rjan, indecl., beginning.

D.

dag (-en, -ar), day.

dag|as (-ades, -ats), to dawn,
dag|er (-ern, -rar), dawn.
dagg (-en), dew.
dagglans (-en), daylight splendor.
dagsljus (-et), daylight.
dal (-en, -ar), valley.
dans (-en, -ar), dance.
dans|a (-ade, -at), to dance.
dar, contr. of dagar.
darr|a (-ade, -at), to tremble.
de, they, the, those.
del|a (-ade or -te, -at or -t), to divide, share, give.
dem, them, those.
den, the, that one, that, it.
densamme, the same.
denna, detta, this one.
deras, their.
dess, its; till --, until.
desslikes, likewise.
det, it, the, there.
diar, no. sing., chiefs having priestly and royal functions.
dig, you, yourself, thee, thyself.
dikt (-en, -er), poem, fiction, invention.
dikt|a (-ade, -at), to invent, imagine, compose.
dimm|a (-an, -or), fog.
din, ditt, dina, your, yours, thy, thine.
disarsal (-en, -ar), abode of the inferior gods.
dit, thither.
djup (-et, --), depth; adj. deep.
djupbl�, deep blue.
djupt�nkt, profound.
djur (-et, --), animal.
dj�rv, brave.
dj�rvhet (-en), bravery, presumption.
dock, yet, nevertheless, anyway.
dock|a (-an, -or), doll.
dockspel (-et, --), doll's play.
doft|a (-ade, -at), to exhale perfume, scent.
dog, see d�.
dom (-en, -ar), judgment, verdict.
dom (-en, -er), dome.
domare (-n, --), judge.
domarsten (-en, -ar), judgment seat.
domarstol (-en, -ar), judgment seat.
dopp|a (-ade, -at), to dip.
dotter (-n, d�ttrar), daughter.
drag (-et, --) feature.
dra, abbrev. of draga.
drack, see dricka,
draga (drog, dragit, dragen), to draw, pull, go.
drakje (-en, -ar), dragon.
drakskepp (-et, --), dragon ship.
drapja (-an, -or), dirge.
dricka (drack, pl. drucko, druckit, drucken), to drink.
dristig, bold.
driva (drev, drivit, driven), to drive, drift.
driv|a (-an, -or), snow drift.
driven, wrought, embossed.
drog, see draga.
dropp|a (-ade, -at), to drip.
dropp|e (-en, -ar), dr�p.
drott (-en, -ar), king.
drottning (-en, -ar), queen.
drottkv�de (-t, -n), royal song.
drucko, see dricka.
druv|a (-an, -or), grape.
dryck (-en, -er), drink.
dryckesbord (-et, --), drinking table.
drunkn|a (-ade, -at), to drown.
dryckeshorn (-et, --), drinking horn.
dryckessal (-en, -ar), drinking hall.
dryg, lasting, overbearing, self-important.
dr�pslag (-et, --), heavy blow, death blow.
dr�kt (-en, -en), garb.
dr�ng (-en, -ar), young man, man-servant.
dr�p|a (-te, -t), to kill.
dr�j|a (-de, -t), to tarry.
dr�m (-men, -mar), dream.
dr�m|ma (-de, -t), to dream.
du, thou.
dubbel, double.
dugg|a (-ade, -at), to drizzle.
duk (-en, -ar), cloth, canvas.
dum, foolish.
dund|er (-ret), thunder, roar.
dundr|a (-ade, -at), to roar, thunder.
dunkel, dark, dim.
duv|a (-an, -or), dove.
duvoving|e (-en, -ar), dove's wing.
dvaldes, see dv�ljas.
dv�ljas (dvaldes, dvalts), to live, dwell.
dv�rg (-en, -ar), dwarf.
dy (-n), mud, slime.
dygd (-en, -er), virtue.
dygn (-et, --), day of twentyfour hours.
dyk|a (-te or d�k, -t), to dive.
dyrbar, costly.
dyrk|a (ade, -at), to worship.
dyrk�pt, dearly bought.
dyster, morose, gloomy.
d�, then, when.
d�d (-et, --), deed.
d�n (-et), din, noise.
d�n|a (-ade, -at), to rumble, faint.
d�r|a (-ade, -at), to deceive, fascinate.
d�raktig, foolish.
d�r|e (-en, -ar), fool.
d�rskap (-en, -er), foolishness.
d�ck (-et, --), deck.
d�ld (-en, -er), valley.
d�rav, thereof.
d�r, there, where.
d�refter, thereafter, thereupon.
d�remot, on the other hand.
d�rf�r(e), therefore.
d�rhos, besides, In addition.
d�ri, therein.
d�rifr�n, therefrom.
d�rigenom, thereby, through it.
d�rin, in there, into it.
d�rmed, thereby.
d�rn�st, thereafter, next.
d�romkring, thereabout.
d�rp�, thereupon, thereafter.
d�rst�des, there.
d�rtill, thereto.
d�runder, under or during.
d�ruppe, up there.
d�rupp�, thereon, upon it.
d�rur, out of it.
d�rut�ver, beyond, above it
d�r�t, in that direction, towards.
d�r�ver, above it.
d� (dog, d�tt), to die.
d�d, dead.
d�d (-en, -ar), death.
d�dlig, deadly, mortal.
d�dsblek, death pale.
d�dsrunja (-an, -or), death rune,
d�dss�ng (-en, -er),death song,
d�ds�rn (-en, -ar), death eagle,
d�lja (dolde, dolt or d�ljt, dold), to conceal.
d�m|a (-de, -t), to judge,
d�n|a (-ade, -at), to rumble,
d�rr (-en, -ar), door,
d�rrsven (-nen, -ner), guard,
d�rrpost (-en, -er), doorpost
d�va (-ade, -at), to deafen.

E.

ed (-en, -er), oath.

eder, you, your.
efter, after, behind.
egen, own, peculiar.
egg (-en, -ar), edge.
ehur, although, albeit.
einheriar, the blest, no sing.
ej, not.
eja, ah.
ek, (-en, -ar), oak; af eke, of oak.
ekeb�nk (-en, -ar), oak bench.
eld (-en, -ar), fire.
eldig, fiery.
eldprov (-et, --), fire test.
eldhav (-et, --), ocean of fire.
eldr�d, fiery red.
eldsken (-et, --), glow of fire.
eldstad (-en, -st�der), fireplace.
eldsv�rd (-et, --), flaming sword.
eller, or.
emellan, between.
emot, towards, against.
emot|taga (-tog, -tagit, tagen), to accept, receive.
emottog, see emottaga.
emedan, because.
ena, den --, one, the one.
en, ett, a, one.
enahanda, same.
endast, only, solely.
ende, enda, endaste, sole, only.
endr�kt (-en), concord.
ens, even.
ensam, alone.
enslig, lonely.
envar, everyone, each one.
envigskamp (-en), duel.
er, you, your.
eriksgat|a (-an, -or), royal journey.
ettersv�lld, swelled by poison.
evar, wheresoever.
evig, eternal.
evighet (-en, -er), eternity.

F.
fader (-n, f�der), father.
fager, pretty.
falk (-en, -ar), falcon,
falkving|e (-en, -ar), falcon's wing.
fall (-et, --), fall,
falla, (f�ll, fallit, fallen), to fall.
falsk, false.
famn (-en), embrace.
famna (-ade, -at), embrace.
fann, see finna,
far, abbrev. of fader,
fara (for, farit, faren), to travel, go, depart.
far|a (-an, -or), danger.
fart (-en), speed, course,
farv�l, farewell.
fas|a (-an, -or), terror,
fast, firm.
fast, although,
fast�n, although,
fatt, gripa --, f� --, hold, seize.
fatt|a (-ade, -at), to seize, hold, comprehend, take.
fatt|as (-ades, -ats), to fail, be the matter with.
feg, cowardly.
fejd (-en, -er), conflict.
fel (-et, --), mistake, error.
fel|a (-ade, -at), to err, fail.
fem, five.
femton, fifteen.
fest (-en, -er), feast, entertainment.
fick, see f�.
fiende (-n, -r), enemy.
fik|a (-ade, -at), to seek, hanker after.
finge, see f�.
fing|er (-ret, rar), finger.
finna (fann, pl. funno, funnit, funnen), to find.
finnas (fanns, funnits), to be found, exist.
finn|e (-en, -ar), Finlander.
fira (-ade, -at), to celebrate.
fisk (-en, -ar), fish.
fjord (-en, -ar), fiord, bay.
fj�der (-ern, -rar), feather.
fj�ll (-en, -ar, or --), mountain.
fj�llig, scaly.
fj�rd (-en, -ar), bay.
fj�rde, fourth.
fj�ril (en, -ar), butterfly.
fj�rran, far away, distant.
fj�ttr|a (-ade, -at), to chain.
flagg|a (-an, -or), flag.
flamma (-ade, -at), to flame, flare.
flamm|a (-an, -or), flame, fire.
flax|a (-ade, -at), to flap the wings, flicker.
flick|a (-an, -or) girl.
flintkniv (-en, -ar), flint knife.
flitig, diligent.
flockvis, in flocks.
flod (-en, -er), river.
flugen, see flyga.
flutit, see flyta.
fly (-dde, -tt), to flee.
flyga, (fl�g, flugit, flugen), to fly, speed.
flykt (-en), flight.
flykt|a (-ade, -at), to flee.
flyktig, flighty, evanescent.
flyta (fl�t, flutit, fluten), to flow, drift, float.
fl�ck (-en, -ar), spot, blemish.
fl�ck|a (-ade, -at), to tarnish.
fl�ckl�s, spotless.
fl�kt (-en, -ar), breeze, gust of wind.
fl�rd (-en), vanity, deceit.
fl�sk (-et), pork.
fl�t|a (-ade, -at), to braid.
fl�d|a (-ade, -at), to flow, pour.
fl�g, see flyga.
fl�t, see flyta.
fnys|a (-te, or fn�s, -t), to sniff, snort.
fn�s, see fnysa.
fog|a (-ade, -at), to join, -- hop, to join together.
folk (et, --), people.
for, see fara.
fordom, formerly.
fordr|a (-ade, -at), to demand.
fordran, indecl., demand.
forna, former.
forntid (-en), antiquity, former time.
forntidabild (-en, -er), ancient image.
forntidsminne (-t, -n), memory of the past.
fors (-en, -ar), rapids, current.
fort, fast, hurriedly.
fosterbroder (-n, -br�der), fosterbrother.
fosterdotter (-ern, -d�ttrar), fosterdaughter.
fosterfader (-n, -f�der), fosterfather.
fosterjord (-en), native soil.
fosterson (-en, -s�ner), fosterson.
fostrare (-n, --), fosterer.
fot (-en, f�tter), foot.
fradga (-n), foam.
fragga, see fradga.
fram, forth, along.
fram|bryta (-br�t, -brutit), to advance, press forth.
framf�r|a (-de, -t), to deliver, bring.
framf�r(e), before, in front of.
framme, at destination, there.
framsus|a (-ade, -at), to murmur, rustle forth.
fred (-en), peace.
fredlig, peaceable.
frestare (-n, --), tempter.
frestelse (-n, -r), temptation.
fri, free.
fri|a (-ade, -at), to court, woo.
friare (-n, --), wooer.
friboren, freeborn.
frid (-en), peace.
fridlyst, protected, inviolate.
fridl�s, peaceless, outlawed.
fridsam, peaceable.
fridsbud (-et, --), peace messenger, message of peace.
fridsm� (-n, -r), peace maiden.
frids�ll, peaceable, peace loving.
frieri (-et, -er), courtship.
frihet (-en, -er) liberty, freedom.
frisk, healthy, fresh.
fristad (-en, -st�der), haven of refuge.
frod|as (-ades, -ats), to flourish, grow, luxuriate.
from, pious.
fromhet (-en), piety.
fromhetsgud (-en), god of piety.
fromma, indecl., gain, advantage.
fross|a (-ade, -at), to revel, gormandize.
fru (-n, -ar), lady, wife.
frukt (-en, -er), fruit.
frukt|a (-ade, -at), to fear.
frust|a (-ade, -at), to snort, sputter.
frysa (fr�s, frusit, frusen), to freeze.
fr�g|a (-ade, -at), to ask.
fr�g|a (-an, or), question.
fr�n, from.
fr�ck, brazen.
fr�ls|a (-ade or -te, -at or -t), to save, rescue.
fr�mling (-en, -ar), stranger.
fr�mmande, strange.
fr�mst, foremost.
fr�nde (-n, -r), male relative.
fr�nk|a (-an, -or), female relative.
fr�s|a (-te, -t), to frizzle, sputter, foam.
fr� (-et, -n), seed.
fr�jd (-en, -er), joy, pleasure.
full, full.
fullbr�ddad, filled to the brim.
fullvuxen, full grown.
full�nd|a (-ade, -at), to complete.
funno, see finna.
fur|a (-an, -or), fir, pine; av furu, of pine wood.
furst|e (-en, -ar), prince.
fyll|a (-de, -t), to fill.
fyllig, plump.
fyra, four.
f�, few.
f� (fick, pl. fingo, f�tt), to get, be allowed, receive, be compelled.
f�f�ng, vain.
f�g|el (-eln, -lar), bird.
f�gelbo (-et, -n), bird's nest.
f�kunnig, ignorant.
f�l|e (-en, -ar), colt, steed.
f�ll|a (-ade), to hem.
f�ng|a (-ade, -at, -ad or f�ngen), to capture.
f�r (-et, --), sheep.
f�der (pl. of fader, father), ancestors.
f�dernedal (-en, -ar), native valley.
f�dernesland (-et, --), native country.
f�dernestrand (-en, -str�nder), native shore.
f�gn|a (-ade, -at), to please.
f�ll|a (-de, -t), to strike down, fell.
f�lt (-et, --), field.
f�rd (-en, -er), journey; � f�rde, on the way, pending.
f�rdig, ready.
f�rg (-en, -er), color.
f�rg|a (-ade, -at), to color.
f�rgl�s, colorless.
f�st|a (-ade, -at), to fasten, bind, attach.
f�ste (-t, -n), stronghold, hilt, firmament.
f�stning (-en, -ar), fortification.
f�da (f�dde, f�tt), to give birth to, nourish.
f�delse or f�dsel (-n), birth.
f�ga, little.
f�lj|a (-de, -t), to follow, accompany.
f�ll, see falla.
f�nst|er (-ret, --), window.
f�r, for, before, in behalf of.
f�r (-en), prow.
f�r|a (-de, -t), to bring, conduct.
f�rakt|a (-ade, -at), to despise.
f�raktlig, scornful, despicable.
f�rbannelse (-n, -r), curse.
f�rbi, past.
f�r|binda (-band, pl. -bundo, -bundit, -bunden), to bandage, unite.
f�rbittrad, incensed.
f�rbittring (-en), anger.
f�rblev, see f�rbliva
f�r|bliva (-blev, -blivit, -bliven), to remain.
f�r|bl�da (-bl�dde, -bl�tt), to bleed to death.
f�rbr�n|na (-de, -t), to consume by fire.
f�rdjup|a (-ade, -�t), de deepen.
f�rdraga (-drog, -dragit, -dragen), to tolerate.
f�rdunkl|a (-ade, -at) to make dim.
f�r�m|a (-de, -t), to condemn.
f�re, before.
f�rebild (-en, -er), prototype, model.
f�ren|a (-ade or -te, -at or -t), to unite.
f�rening (-en, -ar), union.
f�respel (-et, --), prelude.
f�respr�kersk|a (-an, -or), female pleader, advocate.
f�re|st� (-stod, -st�tt), to be near at hand, be imminent.
f�r|flyta (-fl�t, -flutit, -fluten), to pass by, elapse.
f�r|frysa (-fr�s, -frusit, -frusen), to freeze severely.
f�rf�rlig, terrible.
f�rf�lj|a (-de, -t), to pursue.
f�rgl�m|ma (-de, -t), to forget.
f�r|gr�ta (-gr�t, -gr�tit,) to pass the time in weeping; f�rgr�ten,
red-eyed or swollen from weeping.
f�r|g� (-gick, -g�tt, -g�ngen), to pass by (time); f�rg�s, to perish.
f�rg�rd (-en, -ar), outer court.
f�rg�ten, forgotten.
f�rg�ves, in vain.
f�rg�m|ma (-de, -t), to conceal.
f�rhand, p� --, beforehand.
f�rhoppning (-en, -ar), hope, expectation.
f�rhoppningsfull, hopeful.
f�rjag|a (-ade, -at), to drive away.
f�rkast|a (-ade, -at), to reject.
f�rklar|a (-ade, -at), to explain.
f�r|kl�da (-kl�dde, -kl�tt), to disguise, masque.
f�rkl�dning (-en, -ar), disguise.
f�rlama (-ade, -at), to paralyze.
f�rliden, past.
f�rlik|a (-te, -t), to reconcile.
f�rlit|a (-ade, or f�rlet, -at), to depend upon.
f�rlor|a (-ade, -at), to lose.
f�rlov, med --, pardon me.
f�r|l�ta (-l�t, -l�tit, -l�ten), to forgive.
f�rl�t, see f�rl�ta.
f�rm�rk|a (-ade, -at), to darken.
f�rnam, see f�rnimma.
f�r|nimma, (-nam, -nummit, -nummen), to hear, perceive, ascertain.
f�rnummit, see f�rnimma.
f�rny|a (-ade, -at), to renew.
f�rn�j|a (-de, -t), to please.
f�rol�mpad, insulted.
f�rpl�g|a (-ade, -at), to feed, entertain.
f�rr, before, formerly.
f�r|r�da (-r�dde, -r�tt, r�dd), to betray.
f�rr�n, f�rrn, before, until.
f�rrost|a (-ade, -at), to rust.
f�rsak|a (-ade, -at), to renounce, deny oneself.
f�rsaml|a (-ade, -at), to gather, assemble.
f�r|sjunka (-sj�nk, -sjunkit, -sjunken), to sink down,
f�rsj�nk, see f�rsjunka.
f�r|skjuta (-sk�t, -skjutit, -skjuten), to reject.
f�rsm� (-dde, -tt), to disdain.
f�r|sm�lta (-smalt, -smultit), to melt.
f�rson|a (-ade, -at), to propitiate.
f�rsonare (-n, --), propitiator.
f�rsoning (-en), atonement, reconciliation.
f�rsoningsdag (-en, -ar), day of atonement.
f�r|sova, sig (-sov, sovit), to oversleep.
f�rst, first.
f�rstr� (-dde, -tt), to divert, amuse.
f�rlst� (-stod, -st�tt, -st�dd), to understand.
f�rst�m|ma (-de, -t), to depress.
f�rst�r|a (-de, -t), to destroy.
f�rsvann, see f�rsvinna.
f�rsvar|a (-ade, -at), to defend.
f�rsvinna (-svann, pl. -svunno, -svunnit, -svunnen), to disappear.
f�rs�k|a (-te, -t), to try.
f�rt�l|a (-ade, -at), to relate, slander.
f�rsvunnit, see f�rsvinna.
f�rteg, see f�rtiga.
f�r|tiga (-teg, -tegat), to conceal, keep back.
f�rtjust, pleased, delighted.
f�rtj�n|a (-ade, -at), to earn, deserve.
f�rtj�nst (-en, -er), merit.
fortork|a (-ade, -at), to dry up, wither.
f�rtro (-dde, -tt), to entrust, confide.
f�rtrogen (v�n), confidential friend.
fortroll|a (-ade, -at), to bewitch.
f�rtryck[a (-te, -t), to oppress.
f�rtyn|a (-ade, -at), to waste away.
f�rt�lj|a (-de, or f�rtaide, -t, or f�rtalt), to relate, tell.
f�rt�rn|a (-ade, -at), to anger, vex.
f�r�nderlig, changeable.
forundr|a (-ade, -at), to fill with wonder; -- sig, to wonder, marvel.
f�rut, before.
f�rutan, without.
forvirr|a (-ade, -at), to confuse, confound.
f�rv�gen, reckless.
f�rv�gr|a (-ade, -at), to refuse.
f�r�ndr|a (-ade, -at), to change.
f�r|�da (-�dde, -�tt), to waste.

G.

gagn|a (-ade, -at), to benefit.

gala (gol, galit), to crow.
galder (-n, galdrar), incantation.
galt (-en, -ar), boar.
gammal, old.
gamman, indecl., pleasure, joy.
gap (-et, --), mouth, jaws.
gapa (-ade, -at), to yawn, gape.
gav, see giva.
geirsodd (-en), death rune.
gemensam, common, mutual.
gen, short, near.
genast, at once.
genm�l|a (-de, -t), to retort.
genom, through.
genomborr|a (-ade, -at), to pierce, thrust through.
genomstr�mm|a (-ade, -at), to flow through.
gestalt (-en, -er), figure, body.
gick, see g�.
giftoman (-nen, -m�n), one who gives another in marriage.
giljarf�rd (-en, -er), wooing trip or expedition.
ginge, gingo, see g�.
gissning (-en, -ar), guess.
giva, ge (gav, g&vo, givit, given), to give.
givmild, generous.
gjallarhorn (-et), giallarhorn, the trumpet of Heimdall.
gjord, see g�ra.
gjuta (g�t, gjutit, gjuten), to pour, mold, shed.
glad, glad, happy, merry.
gladde, see gl�dja.
glans (-en), splendor,
glasrut|a (-an, -or), window pane.
glatt, smooth.
glesn|a (-ade, -at), to grow sparse.
glittr|a (-ade, -at), to glitter.
gl�dja (pr. gl�der, gladde, glatt), to make glad, rejoice.
gl�der, see gl�dja.
gl�dje (-n), joy.
gl�ttig, glad, happy.
gl�d (-en), glow.
gl�da (gl�dde, gl�tt), to glow.
gl�dhet, glowing hot.
gl�m|ma (-de -t), to forget.
gl�mska (-n), oblivion, forgetfulness.
gnist|a (-an, -or), spark.
gnistr|a (-ade, -at), to sparkle.
gnugga (-ade, -at), to rub.
gny (-et), commotion, murmur.
gn�gg|a (-ade, -at), to neigh.
god, good.
godo, med or i --, willingly.
gods (-et, --), goods, property.
golv (-et, --), floor.
grav (-en, -ar), grave.
gravh�g (-en, -ar), barrow, grave mound.
grav�l (-et), funeral feast.
gren (-en, -ar), branch.
grep, see gripa.
griff|el (-eln, -lar), pencil.
grift (-en, -er), grave.
gripa (grep, gripit, gripen), to seize.
gro (-dde, -tt), to sprout, grow.
groll (-et), grudge, quarrel.
grop (-en, -ar), dimple, pit.
grovhyvlad, rough planed.
grubb|la (-ade, -at), to brood.
gruml|a (-ade, -at), to make turbid.
grund, shallow.
grund (-et, --), shoal; till --, to the bottom.
grund (-en, -er), basis, foundation.
grundmurad, provided with solid floor and walls of masonry.
grus, (-et), gravel, earth, i -- in ruins.
gry (-de, -tt), to dawn, break.
grym, fierce, cruel.
gr�h�rig, grayhaired.
gr�sk�ggig, having gray beard.
gr�ta (gr�t, gr�tit), to weep.
gr�tersk|a (-an, -or), woman who weeps.
gr�ns (-en, -er), boundary, limit.
gr�s (-et), grass.
gr�selig or gr�slig, hideous.
gr�t, see gr�ta.
gr�n, green.
gr�nkl�dd, covered with verdure.
gr�nlummig, leafy, with dense foliage.
gr�nsk|a (-ade, -at), to turn or grow green.
gr�nska (-n), verdure.
gr�nvirkad, crocheted in green.
gubb|e (-en, -ar), old man.
gud (-en, -ar), god.
gudabarm (-en, -ar), divine bosom.
gudablod (-et), blood of the gods, of divine ancestry.
gudab�lte (-t, -n), divine girdle.
gudaglans (-en), divine splendor.
gudahus (-et, --), temple.
gudakrans (-en, -ar), divine wreath.
gudalund (-en, -ar or -er), sacred grove.
gudatimrad, god-built.
gudinn|a (-an, -or), goddess.
gudomlig, divine.
gul, yellow, golden.
guld, gull (-et), gold.
guldbelagd, gold inlaid.
guldfot (-en, -f�tter), gold foot.
guldgul, golden yellow.
guldhj�lm, (-en, -ar), gold helmet.
guldhov (-en, -ar), gold-shod hoof.
guldinlagd, gold inlaid.
guldkam (-men, -mar), golden comb.
guldkammig, golden combed.
guldklo (-n, -r), golden claw.
guldring (-en, -ar), gold ring.
guldsadlad, with gold-mounted saddle.
guldsk�ld (-en, -ar), gold shield.
guldstol (-en, -ar), golden chair or seat.
guldstr�ng (-en, -ar), gold string.
guldtand (-en, -t�nder), golden tooth.
gull, see guld.
gullhov, see guldhov.
gullmanig, with golden mane.
guln|a (-ade, -at), to turn yellow.
gung|a (-ade, -at), to rock.
gyllene, golden.
gyllenl�der (-ret), gilded leather, bronze leather.
g� (gick, pl. gingo, g�tt, g�ngen), to go, extend, move.
g�ng (-en, -ar), path, walk, course.
g�ng (-en, -er), time, occasion.
g�ngare (-n, --), steed, horse.
g�r, i --, yesterday.
g�rd (-en, -ar), homestead, estate, yard.
g�v|a (-an, -or), gift.
g�vo, see giva.
g�ck|a (-ade, -at), to scorn, deceive.
g�ld|a (-ade, -at), to make amends for.
g�ll|a (-de, -t), to be of account, -- lifvet, life is at stake.
g�rd (-en, -er), tribute, reward.
g�rna, willingly, freely.
g�st (-en, -er), guest.
g�st|a (-ade, -at), to visit as guest.
g�stabud (-et, --), banquet, feast.
g�stfri, hospitable.
g�stfrihet (-en), hospitality.
g�l (-en, -ar), pool.
g�m|ma (-de, -t), to conceal.
g�ra (gjorde, gjort, gjord), to do, make.
g�rd|el (-eln, -lar), girdle,
g�t, see gjuta.

H.

ha, abbrev. of hava.

hag|e (-en, -ar), pasture, grove.
hade, see hava.
hagelskur (-en, -ar), shower of hail, hail storm.
hagl|a (-ade, -at), to hail.
halm (-en), straw.
hak|a (-ade, -at), to hook.
hals (-en, -ar), neck.
halt|a (-ade, -at), to limp, hobble.
halv, half.
halvbr�nd, half burnt.
halvdr�nkt, half submerged.
halvrund (-en, -er), semicircle.
halvslocknad, half extinguished.
halvsl�ckt, half extinguished.
halvvred, vexed, angry.
hammare (-n, -- or hamrar), hammer.
hamn (-en, -ar), harbor.
hamr|a (ade, -at), to hammer.
han, he.
hand (-en, h�nder), hand.
handfull, handful.
handkraft (-en), physical power.
handsbred, one hand wide.
handslag (-et, --), hand clasp.
han|e (-en, -ar), cock.
hang, see h�nga,
hann, see hunno.
hans, his.
harm (-en), anger.
harp|a (-an, -or), harp.
harpoljud (-et, --), sound of the harp.
harpoton (-en, -er), tone of the harp.
hast, haste.
hast|a (-ade, -at), to hasten.
hastig, speedy.
hat (-et), hatred.
hat|a (-ade, -at), to hate.
hatt (-en, -ar), hat.
hav (-et, --), ocean.
hava, ha (hade, haft), to have.
havsbrud (-en, -ar), ocean bride.
havsskum (-met), ocean spray.
havstroll (-et, --), sea monster.
havsval (-en, -ar), whale.
havs�rn (-en, -ar), sea eagle.
hed (-en, -ar), heath.
heden, heathen.
heder (-n), honor.
hedersgubb|e (-en, -ar), worthy or venerable old man.
hejsan, hey, hurrah.
hel, whole, entire.
helt, quite, entirely.
helgedom (-en, -ar), temple.
helig, sacred, holy.
hell, hail.
heller, either.
hellre, helst, rather, more or most willingly.
helstekt, roasted whole.
hem (-met, --), home.
hembygd (-en, -er), native place.
hemma, at home.
hemsk, terrible.
hemv�g, (-en, -ar), the way home.
henne, acc. of hon, her.
hennes, gen. of hon, hers.
hermelin (-en), ermine.
hermelinsmantlad, ermine mantled.
herr, sir.
herr|e (-en, -ar), master, lord.
het, warm.
het|a (-te, -at), to be called, named.
hillebard (-en, -er), halberd.
himlab�g|e (-en, -ar), heavenly arch.
himlaflamm|a (-an, -or), lightning flash.
himlarand (-en), horizon.
him|mel (-meln, -len or -melen, -lar), heaven, sky.
himmelsk, heavenly.
himmelsbl�, azure blue.
himlaf�lt (-et, --), firmament, sky.
hin, the.
hind (-en, -ar), hind, young deer.
hind|er (-ret, --), hindrance, obstacle.
hindr|a (-ade, -at), to hinder.
hingst (-en, -ar), stallion.
hinna (hann, pl hunno, hunnit, hunnen), to have time for, overtake.
hinsidan, on the other side.
hiss|a (-ade, -at), to hoist; -- segel, to set sail.
hit, hither.
hitt|a (-ade, -at), to find.
hjalt (-et, --), hilt.
hjord (-en, -ar), flock.
hjort (-en, -ar), stag.
hjul (-et, --), wheel.
hj�lm (-en, -ar), helmet.
hj�lmhatt (-en, -ar), helmet, helmet hat.
hj�lp|a (-te, or halp, -t, or hulpit, hulpen), to assist, help.
hj�lt|e (-en, -ar), hero.
hj�lteamma (-an, -or), mother of heroes.
hj�ltearm (-en, -ar), heroic arm.
hj�ltebarm (-en, -ar), heroic bosom.
hj�lteblick (-en, -ar), heroic glance.
hj�ltefader (-n, -f�der), heroic father, father of heroes.
hj�ltebragd (-en, -er), heroic deed.
hj�ltefog (-et), heroic tone or mien.
hj�ltekraft (-en), heroic power.
hj�ltemod (-et), heroic courage.
hj�ltemull (-en), heroic soil, dust of heroes.
hj�lterykte (-t), heroic fame.
hj�ltesinne (-t), heroic mind.
hj�lteson (-en, s�ner), heroic son, son of a hero.
hj�ltes�ng (-en, -er), heroic song.
hj�ltevrede (-n), heroic anger.
hj�rta (-t, -n), heart.
hj�rtlig, hearty, sincere.
hj�ss|a (-an, -or), crown of the head.
holmg�ng (-en, -ar), duel.
hon, she.
honom, acc. of han, him.
honungG (-en), honey.
hop (-en, -ar), crowd, throng.
hopfog|a (-ade, -at), to join together.
hopp (-et, --), leap.
hopp (-et), faith, hope.
hopp|a (-ade, -at), to jump.
hopp|as (-ades, -ats), to hope.
hoptr�ng|a (-de, -t), to compress.
horn (-et, --), horn.
horndryck (-en), drink from the horn.
hos, by, with, at the home of.
hot (-et), threat.
hot|a (-ade, -at), to threaten.
hov (-en, -ar), hoof.
hov (-et, --), court.
hov, see h�va.
hovman (-nen, -m�n), courtier.
hud (-en, -ar), skin, pelt.
hugg (-et, --), blow, thrust, stroke.
hugga (h�gg, huggit, huggen), to hew, cut, strike.
hull (-et), flesh.
hulling (-en, -ar), barb, hook.
hulpit, see hj�lpa.
humle (-n), hops.
hund (-en, -ar), dog.
hundra, hundrade, hundred.
hundramilasl�tt (-en, -er), plain of a hundred miles.
hundra�rig, a hundred years old.
hungrig, hungry.
hunnit, see hinna.
hur, huru, how, howsoever.
hus (-et, --), house, dwelling.
husfolk (-et, --), house servants.
husvill, homeless.
huvud (-et, -en), head.
huvudskall|e (-en, -ar), skull.
hucklare (-n, --), hypocrite.
h�g (-en), mind, inclination.
h�l (-et, --), hole.
h�ll (-et, --), direction.
h�lla (h�ll, h�llit, h�llen), to hold, keep, contain.
h�llning (-en), bearing.
h�n (-et), scorn.
h�r (-et, --), hair.
h�rd, hard, cruel, severe.
h�rdhet (-en), hardness, harshness.
h�rdh�nt, rough, severe.
h�rvuxen, hairy.
h�g|er (-ern, -rar), heron.
h�gn|a (-ade, -at), to protect.
h�gring (-en, -ar), mirage.
h�lft (-en, -er), a half.
h�ll (-en, -ar), hearth, rock.
h�ls|a (-ade, -�t), ta greet, acclaim.
h�lsa, (-n), health.
h�lsning (-en, -ar), greeting.
h�mnd (-en), revenge.
h�mn|a (-ade, -at), to avenge.
h�mt|a (-ade, -at), to bring, fetch.
h�n, away.
h�n|da (-de, -t), to happen.
h�ng|a (-de, or hang, -t), to h�ng.
h�ngl�s (-et, --), padlock.
h�nryckning (-en), ecstasy.
h�pen, astounded.
h�r, here.
h�r (-en, -ar), army.
h�rbud (-et, --), war messenger, or message.
h�rd (-en, -ar), hearth.
h�rd|a (-ade, -at), to harden.
h�rinne, in here.
h�rj|a (-ade, -at), to devastate.
h�rlig, glorious, beautiful.
h�rmed, herewith.
h�rnad (-en, -er), warfare, warlike expedition.
h�rold (-en, -er), herald.
h�rom, concerning it.
h�rskarbud (-et, -en), word of command.
h�rskarblick (-en, -ar), lordly mien, glance of a ruler.
h�rskarnyck (-en, -er), whim of authority.
h�rskarord (-et, -en), royal command, word of authority.
h�rskri (-et, --, or -n), warcry.
h�rsk�ld (-en, -ar), war shield.
h�rslag (-et,--), battle.
h�rt�g (-et, --), military expedition.
h�st (-en, -ar), horse.
h�v|a (-de, -t), to raise, lift, rise and fall.
h�vd (-en, -er), annals.
h�ft (-en, -er), hip,
h�g (-en, -ar),mound, pile, grave.
h�g, high, loud.
h�gbarmad, high-bosomed.
h�gg, see hugga.
h�gb�nk (-en, -ar), high seat, seat of honor.
h�ghornad, long-horned.
h�gre, higher.
h�gs�tespelare (-n, --), pillar of the high seat, or seat of honor.
h�gv�lvd, high arched.
h�g�ttad, of high descent.
h�j|a (-de, -t), to raise, lift.
h�jd (-en, -er), height, eminence.
h�k (-en, -ar), hawk.
h�lj|a (-de, -t), to cover.
h�ll, see h�lla.
h�r|a (-de, -t), to hear, listen. -- samman, belong together,
-- till, belong to.
h�st (-en, -ar), autumn.
h�stting (-et, --), fall thing or court.
h�v|as (-des, -ts), to be fitting,
h�vding (-en, -ar), chief.
h�visk, courtly, polite.

I.

i, you.
i, in, into, at, for, to, by, with.
ibland, among, sometimes.
icke, not.
idel, nothing but.
idrott (-en, -er), sport, achievement.
ifr�n, from.
igen, again.
igenk�n|na (-de, -t), to recognize.
igenom, through.
ihj�l, to death; sl� ----, to kill.
ihop, together.
il (-en, -ar), gust of wind.
il|a (-ade, -at), to run fast.
illa, bad, evil.
in, in, on.
in|driva (-drev, -drivit, -driven), to collect.
inf�r, before, face to face with.
ingen, no, no one, none.
ingenting, nothing.
in|giva (-gav, pl. g�vo, -givit, -given), to give, inspire.
innan, before, ere.
innanf�r, within.
inne, in, within.
inom, within.
insteg, see instiga.
in|stiga (-steg, -stigit, -stigen), to enter.
insvep|a (-te, -t), to envelop, dress.
in|taga (-tog, -tagit, -tagen), to seize, take possession of.
intet, nothing.
intill, to, unto.
intog, see intaga.
in|tr�da (-tr�dde, -tr�tt), to enter.
inunder, under.
invid, by, close to.
inv�n|da (-de, -t), to interpose objection, answer.
irr|a (-ade, -at), to wander about aimlessly.
is (-en, -ar), ice.
isbj�rn (-en, -ar), polar bear.
itu, in twain.
iver (-n), zeal, animation.

J.

jag, I.
jag|a (-ade, -at), to hunt, chase, drive.
jakt (-en, -er), hunt.
jarl (-en, -ar), jarl, earl.
joll|er (-ret), foolish prattle.
jord (-en), earth, soil.
jordisk, earthly.
jul (-en, -ar), yule.
jul|a (-ade, -at), to celebrate yule.
julerus (-et, ----), yuletide spree.
jungfru (-n, -r), maiden, virgin.
jungfrubur (-en, -ar), maiden's bower.
just, just, exactly.
juv|er (-ret, ----), udder.
j�gare (-n, ----), hunter.
j�garskar|a (-an, -or), band of hunters.
j�mn�rig, of the same age.
j�mt, always.
j�mte, by, also, besides.
j�mv�l, besides.
j�rn (-et), iron.
j�rnek (-en, -ar), holly oak.
j�rnfast, firm or strong as iron.
j�rnlans (-en, -ar), iron lance.
j�rnsko (-n, -r), iron shoe.
j�tt|e (-en, -ar), giant.
j�ttesten (-en, -ar), giant rock.
j�tteverk (-et, ----), giant undertaking.

K.

kalk|a (-ade, -at), to cover with lime.

kall, cold.
kall|a (-ade, -at), to call.
kall|as (-ades, -ats), to be named.
kallbr�ckt, cold-short, brittle.
kalln|a (-ade, -at), to grow cold.
kam (-men, -mar), comb.
kamin (-en, -er), stove.
kammar(e) (-n, --), chamber.
kamp (-en), struggle.
kamrat (-en, -er), comrade.
kan, see kunna.
kanh�nda, perhaps.
kanske, perhaps.
kant, (-en, -er), border.
kapp, i --, in a race.
kapp|a (-an, -or), mantle, cloak, hood.
karg, chary.
karm (-en, -ar), back and arms of a chair.
kast|a (-ade, -at), to cast, throw.
kedj|a (-an, -or), chain.
kind (-en, -er), cheek.
klag|a (-ade, -at), to complain.
klagan, indecl., complaint.
klagor�st (-en, -er), voice of complaint.
klandr|a (-ade, -at), to criticise.
klang, see klinga.
klang (-en), ring, clang.
klapp|a (-ade, -at), to clap, beat, knock.
klar, clear.
klarnad, clear.
klenod, (-en, -er), gem, jewel, valuable.
kling|a (-ade or klang, pl. klungo, -at or klungit), to resound,
drink a toast.
kling|a (-an, -or), sword.
klint (-en, -er), peak, brow of rock.
klipp|a (-an, -or), cliff, rock.
klipp|g, rocky.
klo (-n, -r) claw.
klok, wise.
klot (-et, --), sphere, ball.
klungo, see klinga.
klyft|a (-an, or), cleft, ravine.
klyva (kl�v, kluvit, kluven), to cleave, split.
kl�da (kl�dde, kl�tt), to clothe.
kl�der, no sing., clothes,
kl�m|ma (-de, -t), to squeeze, press.
kl�ttr|a (-ade, -at), to climb,
kl�sja (-te, -t), to tear with claws or nails.
kl�v, see klyva.
knak|a (-ade, -at), to creak.
knapp, scarce.
knapp (-en, -ar), button, knob.
knappast, hardly.
knattr|a (-ade, at), to crackle.
knopp (-en, -ar), bud.
knopp|as (-ades, -ats), to bud.
knot (-et), complaint.
knuten, see knyta.
knyta (kn�t, knutit, knuten), to tie, bind.
kn� (-et, -n), knee.
kn�pp|a (-te, -t), to fasten, buckle; -- h�nderna, clasp the hands.
kn�satt, placed in one's lap.
kog|er (-ret, --), quiver.
koka (-ade, -at), to boil.
kolsvart, coal black.
kolv (-en, -ar), butt.
komma (kom, kommit, kommen), to come, get, -- fram, come up, forth,
arrive.
konst (-en, -er), art.
konstn�r (-en, -er), artist.
konstarbetad, artistically wrought.
konsterfaren, skilled, artistic.
konstfull, artistic.
konstn�r (-en, -er), artist.
konung (-en, -ar), king.
konungasal (-en, -ar), king's hall.
konungason, (-en, -s�ner), king's son.
konungastad (-en, -st�der), royal city.
konungaval (-et, --), royal election.
koppark�l (-en, -ar), copper keel.
kopparst�pt, molded in copper.
koppartr�sk|el (-eln, -lar), copper threshold.
kor|a (-ade, -at), to choose.
korall (-en, -er), coral.
korn, (-et), barley, grain.
kornland (-et, --), field of grain.
kors|a (-ade, -at), to cross.
kort, short; inom --, shortly, ere long, soon.
kos, g�, fly sin --, depart.
kos|a (-an, -or), course.
kost|a (-ade, -at), to cost.
kostelig, costly, precious.
krafs|a (-ade, -at), to scratch.
kraft (-en, -er), power, strength.
kraftl�s, powerless.
kram (-et), merchandise, gimcrack, trumpery, trash.
krans (-en, -ar), wreath.
krets (-en, -ar), circle.
krig (-et, --), war.
kring, round, around, about.
kringdans|a (-ade, -at) to dance around.
kring|stryka (-str�k, -strukit), to roam about.
kringsv�rm|a (-ade, -at), to roam about.
kring�ng|a (-ade, -at), surround by perfume.
krokn�bb (-et, --), hook-bill, one having a crooked beak.
kron|a (-an, -or), crown.
kropp (-en, -ar), body.
kross|a (ade, -at), to crush.
kryck|a (-an, -or), crutch.
kr�mare (-n, --), merchant, trader.
kr�nk|a (-te, -t), to insult, wrong.
kr�v|a (-de, -t), to exact, demand.
kr�kt, bent, crooked.
kr�n|a (-te, -t), to crown, adore.
kul|a (-an, -or), cave, den.
kulen, bleak.
kull|e (-en, -ar), knoll, hill.
kum|mel (-let, --), funeral mound, cairn.
kung (-en, -ar), king.
kungablod (-et), royal blood.
kungadotter (-n, -d�ttrar), king's daughter.
kungaed (-en, -er), royal oath.
kungahus (-et, --), king's house, royal house.
kungah�ghet (-en), royal greatness.
kungasal (-en, -ar), royal hall.
kungason (-en, -s�ner), king's son.
kungastol (-en, -ar), royal seat.
kungaval (-et, --), royal election.
kungas�te (-t, -n), royal seat.
kunglig, royal.
kungsg�rd (-en, -ar), king's hall or estate.
kungsniding (-en, -ar), traitor king.
kungsord (-et, --), royal word.
kungssal (-en, -ar), king's hall.
kunna (pres. kan, kunde, kunnat), to be able, can, know.
kupig, convex.
kust (-en, -er), coast, shore.
kuttr|a (-ade, -at), to coo.
kvald, see kv�lja.
kvar, remaining, left.
kvar|bliva (-blev, -blivit, -bliven), to remain.
kvar|h�lla (-h�ll, -h�llit, -h�llen), to retain, keep.
kvarh�ll, see kvarh�lla.
kvav, sultry, close; g� i --, go to the bottom.
kvickn|a (-ade, -at) vid, to revive, come to life again.
kvida (kved, kvidit), to wail, whine.
kvinn|a (-an, -or), woman.
kvinnoskepnad (-en, -er), woman's form.
kvist (-en, -ar), branch.
kvittr|a (-ade, -at), to twitter.
kv�da (kvad, kv�dit, kv�den), to sing, speak.
kv�de (-t, -n), song.
kv�lj|a (-de or kvalde, kvalt, kvald), to choke, torment.
kv�ll (-en, -ar), evening.
kv�v|a (-de, -t), to suffocate, quench.
kyl|a (-de, -t), to cool.
kyss|a (-te, -t), to kiss.
k�ck, brave, spirited.
k�ll|a (-an, -or), spring, fountain.
k�llare (-n, --), cellar.
k�mp|a (-ade, -at), to fight, struggle.
k�mp|e (-en, -ar), warrior.
k�mpehand (-en, -h�nder), heroic hand.
k�mpeh�r (-en, -ar), army of warriors.
k�nd, known.
k�n|na (-de, -t), to know, feel.
k�nsl|a (-an, -or), feeling.
k�r, dear.
k�rl (-et, --), vessel.
k�rlek (-en), love.
k�rleksbrev (-et, --), love letter.
k�rleksfull, loving.
k�rn|a (-an, -or), kernel.
k�rnfull, rich, pithy.
k�rnfur (-an, -or), sound fir tree.
k�rnspr�k (-et, --), wise saying.
k�l (-en, -ar), keel.
k�ld (-en), cold.
k�r|a (-de, -t), to drive.

L.

lack|a (-ade, -at), to drip (of perspiration).

lad|a (-an, -or), barn, granary.
laddning (-en, -ar), cargo.
lade, see l�gga.
lag (-en, -ar), law.
lag (-et, --), group, crowd.
lagerlund (-en, -ar), laurel grove.
lamm|m (-met, --), lamb.
land (-et, l�nder or --), land.
landsflykt (-en), exile.
lans (-en, -ar), lance.
larm (-et), noise, din.
larm|a (-ade, -at), to make noise.
le (log, lett), smile, laugh.
led, mean, ugly.
led, see lida.
leda (ledde, lett), to lead, direct.
ledig, vacant.
ledsen, sad; --vid, weary of.
lek (-en, -ar), play, frolic.
lek|a (-te, -t), to play.
lekplats (-en, -er), playground.
let|a (-te or -ade, -at), to search.
lev|a (-de, -t), to live.
levnad (-en), life.
levnadslust (-en), joy of living.
lida (led, lidit, liden), to suffer pain; -- mot, or emot, approach.
lidande (-t, -n), suffering.
ligga (l�g, legat, legad), to lie.
lik, lika, like, just as, equally.
likafullt, just the same.
lik|e (no def. sing., -ar), equal.
likn|a (-ade, -at), to resemble.
liksom, just as, as though, as.
likv�l, anyway.
lilj|a (-an, -or), lily.
liljehy (-n), lily white complexion.
liljekull|e (-en, -ar), lily mound.
liljest�ng|el (-eln, -lar), lily stem.
liljevit, lily white.
lilla, little, small.
lind (-en, -ar), linden tree.
lind|a (-ade, -at), to twine around.
list (-en), deceit, cunning.
lit|a (-ade, or let, -at), to depend upon.
liten, little, small.
liv (-et, --), life, waist.
livstid (-en, -er), life time.
ljud (-et, --), sound.
ljuda (lj�d, ljudit), resound.
ljuga (lj�g, ljugit), to lie.
ljung (-en), heather.
ljung|a (-ade, -at), to flash.
ljungare (-n) the thunderer.
ljungeld (-en, -ar), flash of lightning.
ljus, bright, light.
ljus (-et, --), light.
ljusalf (-en, -er), light elf.
ljusbl�, light blue.
ljuslockig, light-haired.
ljuv, beautiful, sweet.
ljuvlig, sweet, delightful.
lock (-en, -ar), lock.
lock|a (-ade, -at), to entice, lure.
lodr�t, perpendicular.
log, see le.
loft (-et, --), loft.
lossa (-ade, -at), to loosen, set free.
lott (-en, -er), lot, fate.
lottning (-en, -ar), casting of lot.
lov (-et), praise.
lov|a (-ade, -at), to promise, praise.
lovlig, permissible.
luden, hairy, shaggy.
luft (-en), air.
luftig, airy.
lugn (-et), peace, calm, lull.
lugn, quiet, calm.
lull|a (-ade, -at), to hum.
ljummig, leafy, shady.
lumpen, mean, paltry, sordid.
lumpor, no sing., rags.
lund (-en, -er or -ar), grove.
lung|a (-an, -or), lung.
lur (-en, -ar), trumpet.
lur|a (-ade, -at), to lurk.
lurvh�rig, shaggy.
lust (-en), pleasure, desire.
lustig, comical, lively, pleasurable.
lut|a (-ade, -at), to incline, bend, lean.
luttr|a (-ade, -at), to purify.
lycka (-n), good fortune.
lyck|as (-ades, -ats), to succeed.
lycklig, fortunate, happy.
lyda, (lydde, lytt), to obey.
lydig, obedient.
lyft|a (-ade, or -e, -at, or lyft), to lift.
lykt|a (-ade, -at), to close.
lykt|a (-an, -or), lantern, lamp.
lysa (-te, -t), to shine.
lysmask (-en, -ar), glowworm.
lyssn|a (-ade, -at), to listen.
lys|ta (-te, -t), to desire.
l�g, low.
l�g, see l�gga.
l�g|a (-an, -or), flame.
l�g|a (-ade, -at), to glare, glow.
l�n|a (-ade or -te, -at or -t), to borrow, loan.
L�NG, long, far.
l�ngsam, tedious, slow.
l�ngskepp (-et, --), warship of the viking period.
l�s (-et, --), lock.
l�ta (l�t, l�tit), to let, permit, sound.
l�gga (lade, lagt, lagd), to lay, put; -- i land, to land.
l�gre, lower.
l�mn|a (-ade, -at), to leave.
l�n|a (-te, -t), to borrow, loan.
l�nd (-en, -er), loin, side.
l�nge, long time, long.
l�nger, l�ngre, longer.
l�ngs (med), along, along the side of.
l�ngst, longest, farthest.
l�ngt|a (-ade, -at), to long.
l�ngtan, indecl., longing.
l�ngtansfull, longingly.
l�ngtersk|a (-an, -or), the longing one.
l�nte, see l�na.
l�pp (-en, -ar), lip.
l�r, likely, it is said.
l�r|a (-de, -t), to learn, teach.
l�x|a (-an, -or), teaching, doctrine.
l�rk|a (-an, -or), lark.
l�rosp�n (-en, or -et, --), first exploit, achievement.
l�s|a (-te, -t), to Read.
l�t, see l�ta.
l�tt, light, easy, lightly.
l�dig, of pure metal, genuine.
l�fte (-t, -n), promise.
l�g|a (-ade, -at), to wash.
l�gn (-en, -er), lie.
l�je (-t, -n), laughter, smile.
l�n (-en, -er), reward.
l�nvalv (-et, --), secret vault or chamber.
l�pning (-en, -ar), running, race, run.
l�s, loose.
l�s|a (-te, -t), to loosen, dissolve; -- en uppgift, discharge a duty.
l�slig, loose.
l�v (et, --), leaf.
l�v|as (-ades, -�ts), to sprout, become green, get leaves.
l�vsal (-en, -ar), leafy bower, arbor.

M.

makja (-ade, -at), to move, shift.

maka (-n, -r), mate, wife.
mak|e (-en, -ar), husband.
makt (-en, -er), power, might.
malm (-en, -er), ore.
man (-en, -ar), mane.
man (-nen, m�n, or poet, manner), man.
man, one.
mandomsr�n (-et, --), manly achievement.
manlig, manly.
mannaring (-en, -ar), circle of men.
mansh�g, man high.
mant|el (-eln, -lar), mantle, cloak.
mark (-en, -er), mark (about 1/2 kilogram).
mark (-en), ground.
marmorbarm (-en, -ar), marble breast.
marmorklyft (-en), solid block of marble.
marmorsten (-en, -ar), marble.
marmortemp|el (-let, --), marble temple.
marvad, i --, waterlogged.
mast (-en, -er), mast.
mastfur|a (-an, -or), fir tree, mast tree.
mat (-en), food.
mat|a (-ade, -at), to feed.
matt, weak.
med, with, along, for, to, of.
mellan, between.
men, indecl., injury, bane.
men, but.
men|a (-ade or -te, -at or -t), to mean, intend,
mened (-en), perjury,
mening (-en, -ar), meaning, intention, opinion,
mer(a), more,
middag (-en, -ar), midday, dinner.
midj|a (-an, -or), waist.
midnattsdagg (-en), midnight dew.
midnatssol (-en), midnight sun.
midnatstid (-en), time of midnight.
midsommar (-en, -somrar), midsummer.
midsommarfest (-en, -er), festival of midsummer.
midsommarsol (-en), midsummer sun.
mig, acc. of jag, me.
mil (-en, --), mile.
mild, mild.
mildhet (-en), mildness, kindness.
min, mitt, mina, my, mine.
mindre, less, smaller.
min|nas (-des, -ts), to remember.
minne (-t, -n), memory, token of remembrance.
minst, least, smallest.
missn�jd, dissatisfied.
mist|a (-ade, or -te, -at or -t), to lose.
mj�d (-et), mead.
mj�dhorn (-et, --), meadhorn.
mj�lkvit, milk white.
mod (-et), courage, valor.
moder (-n, m�drar), mother.
modig, brave.
mogen, ripe.
mogn|a (-ade, -at), to ripen.
moln (-et, --), cloud.
mor, abbrev. of moder.
mordbrand (-en), incendiarism.
mordbr�nnarkung (-en, -ar), incendiary king.
mogn|a (-ade, -at) sig, to become fully awake.
morgon (-en, morgnar), morning.
morgondager (-n), dawn.
morgondagg (-en), morning dew.
morgondr�m (-men, -mar), morning dream.
morgonglans (-en), morning light.
morgongryning (-en), dawn.
morgonrodnad (-en, -er), glow of dawn, aurora.
morgonstund (-en, -er), morning hour.
morgonvind (-en, -ar), morning wind.
morn|a (-ade, -at) sig, to become fully awake.
mossv�xt (-en, -er), moss.
mot, against, towards.
mot|a (-ade, -at), to stop, keep back.
motv�g|a (-de, -t), to counterbalance.
mulen, dark, gloomy.
mull (-en), ground, sod.
multen, decayed.
mun (-nen, -nar), mouth.
mund, see mun.
munter, jolly, jovial, glad.
mur (-en, -ar), wall.
mur|a (-ade, -at), to do masonry work.
must (-en), sap, juice, fat.
mycket, much.
myntad, coined.
m� (m�tte), may.
m�l (-et, --), goal.
m��l|a (-ade, -at), to paint.
m�lsman (-nen, -m�n), advocate, sponsor.
m�n (m�nde), perchance, might.
m�nad (-en, -er), month.
m�nde, see m�n.
m�n|e (-en, -ar), moon.
m�ngen, many a one, many.
m�ngfaldig, manifold.
m�ngvis, erudite, very wise.
m�nne, perhaps, do you think.
m�nskensblick (-en, -ar), dim glances.
m�nskensf�rst|e (-en, -ar), moonlight prince.
m�rd (-en, -ar), marten.
m�ste, must.
m�tt (-et, --), measure.
m�ktig, mighty.
m�ngd (-en), great number.
m�nner, poetical for m�n, men.
m�nska, see m�nniska.
m�nsklig, human.
m�nsklighet (-en), humanity.
m�nskobr�st (-et,--), human heart, breast.
m�nnisk|a (-an, -or), man, human being.
m�nniskokraft (-en, -er), power of man.
m�nskohand (-en, -h�nder), human hand.
m�nsko�tt (-en, -er), human family.
m�nsko�de (-et, -n), human affairs, human destiny.
m�rg (-en), marrow.
m�rk|a (-te, -t), to notice.
m�stare (-n, --), master.
m� (-n, -r), maiden.
m�d|a (-an, -or), hardship, pains.
m�derne (-t), mother's side.
m�nstr|a (-ade, -at), to review, examine.
m�rd|a (-ade, -at), to kill, murder.
m�rdarhand (-en, -h�nder), murderer's hand.
m�rk, dark.
m�rkbl�, dark blue.
m�rk|er (-ret), darkness.
m�rkn|a (-ade, -at), to grow dark.
m�t|a (-te, -t), to meet.
m�te (-t, -n), meeting.

N.

nag|el (-em, -lar), finger nail, spike.

naken, naked, bare.
nalk|as (-ades, -ats), to approach.
namn (-et, --), name.
namnl�s, nameless.
narr (-en, -ar), fool.
narrspel (-et, --), foolery.
natt (-en, n�tter), night.
nattgammal, one night old.
nattlig, nightly, dark as night.
natur (-en), nature.
ned, neder, ner, down.
nedanf�r, below.
neder, see ned.
nederkall|a (-ade, -at), to call down, invoke.
nederslagen, see nedersl�.
neder|sl� (-slog, -slagit, -slagen), to strike down.
nederst, lowest.
nedrig, low, rascally.
nedsteg, see nedstiga,
ned|stiga (-steg, -stigit, -stigen), to step down, descend.
ned�t, downwards.
nej, no.
nek|a (-ade, -at), to deny, refuse.
nerifr�n, from below.
ner, see ned.
nere, down.
nick|a (-ade, -at), to nod.
nidingsd�d (-et,--), villainous deed.
niding (-en, -ar), outlaw, villain.
nidingsfunder, no sing., malicious artifices.
nidingsst�ng (-en, -st�nger), niding post, pillory.
njuta (nj�t, njutit, njuten), to enjoy.
nog, indeed, enough.
noga, careful, carefully.
nord (-en), the North, Scandinavia.
nordbo (-n, -r), Northerner.
nordisk, Northern.
nordland (-et), the Northland, Scandinavia.
nordman (-nen, -m�n), Northerner.
nordmannakung (-en, -ar), king of the North.
nordmannas�tt (-et, --), manner of the North.
norn|a (-an, -or), norn.
norr, north.
norrsken (-et, --), Northern light.
norr�na, Norse tongue.
nu, now.
ny, new.
nyck (-en, -er), whim.
nyckel (-eln, -lar), key.
nyf�lld, new-fallen.
nyf�dd, newborn.
nyinvigd, newly dedicated.
nyskapad, newly created.
nyss, just now, a while ago, recently.
nyttig, useful.
nyvald, newly elected.
n� (-dde, -tt), to reach.
n�gon, some, some one, any, anyone.
n�ktergal (-en, -ar), nightingale.
n�mn|a (-de, -t), to mention, call.
n�r, when.
n�ra, n�r, near.
n�r|a (-de, -t), to nourish.
n�ring (-en, -ar, pl. in sense of occupation), nourishment.
n�rmast, nearest.
n�s (-et, --), point, peninsula.
n�st, next.
n�t (-et, --), net.
n�d (-en), misery, hardship.
n�dig, necessary.
n�dv�ndig, necessary.
n�dv�ndighet (-en), necessity.
n�jd, contented.

O.

o, oh, O.
oavv�nd, fixed, unceasing.
obem�rkt, unnoticed.
obepr�vad, untried.
obev�pnad, unarmed.
och, and.
ock, also.
ocks�, also.
odalbond|e (-en, -bonder), freehold land owner.
od�dlig, immortal.
off|er (-ret, --), sacrifice.
offerboll (-en, -ar), sacrificial bowl.
offerlamp|a (-an, -or), sacrificial fire.
offerhus (-et, --), sacrificial temple.
offerkniv (-en, -ar), sacrificial knife.
offerlund (-en, -ar), sacrificial grove.
offerfrest (-en, -er), sacrificial priest.
offersten (-en, -ar), sacrificial stone.
offer�ng|a (-an, -or), sacrificial incense.
offr|a (-ade, -at), to sacrifice.
ofruktbar, sterile, unfruitful.
ofta, often.
of�rd (-en), misfortune, disaster.
of�rsonlig, unrelenting, unforgiving.
of�rsont, unpropitiated.
oh�mnad, unavenged.
oh�rd, unheard, unheeded.
ok�nd, unknown.
om, about, if, concerning, for, during, in, at.
ombord, aboard.
omfluten, encompassed, surrounded by water.
omge, see omgiva.
om|giva, omge (-gav, -givit, -given), to surround.
omh�ng|a (-ade, -at), to protect, hedge in.
omkring, around.
omlind|a (-ade, -at), to entwine.
omsider, at last.
omstr�l|a (-ade, -at), to surround with light.
om�jlig, impossible.
ond, evil, angry, bad.
on�dig, unnecessary.
opp, upp, up.
ord (-et, --), word.
orm (-en, -ar), serpent.
ormsling|a (-an, -or), serpentine ring or figure.
orolig, disturbed.
ort (-en, -er), place, locality.
or�knelig, innumerable.
or�tt, wrong.
or�tt (-en), injustice, wrong.
osedd, unseen.
oskadd, uninjured.
oskapelig, unshapely.
oskuld (-en), innocence.
oskuldsfull, innocent.
oss, us.
osviklig, unfailing.
os�dd, unsown.
outs�glig, unspeakable.
outtydd, unexplained.
ovan, above.
ovan, unaccustomed, unusual.
ovanfr�n, from above.
ovanf�r, above.
ovanom, above.
ovanupp�, above.
oviss, uncertain.
ov�n (-nen, -ner), enemy.
o�ndlig, illimitable, infinite.

P.

palm (-en, -er), palm.

pann|a (-an, -or), forehead,
pansar (-et, --), armor, sheath.
par (-et, --), pair.
park (-en, -er), park.
parvis, in pairs.
pass|a (-ade, -at), to fit, be fitting.
pek|a (-ade, -at), to point.
pelarg�ng (-en, -ar), colonnade.
pelarrad (-en, -er), row of pillars.
pelarstam (-men, -mar), shaft of column.
pelarstod (-en, -er), column.
pels (-en, -ar), fur coat.
pestsjuk, pestsmitten.
pil (-en, -ar), arrow.
pilregn (-et), shower of arrows.
pilt (-en, -ar), lad.
plank|a (-an, -or), plank.
plant|a (-an, -or), plant.
plats (-en, -er), place, spot.
plock|a (-ade, -at), to pluck, gather.
plog (-en, -ar), plow.
plundr|a (-ade, -at), to plunder.
port (-en, -ar), gate, portal.
prakt (-en), splendor.
pris (-et), price, prize, honor.
pris|a (-ade, -at), to praise.
propp|a (-ade, -at), to stuff.
pryda (prydde, prytt), to adorn.
pr�ktig, excellent, splendid.
pr�st (-en, -er), priest.
pr�v|a (-ade, -at), to test, try.
puls (-en, -ar), pulse.
pung (-en, -ar), pouch, purse.
purpur (-et), purple.
purpurbetslad, with purple bridle.
purpurbr�m (-et, --), purple border.
purpurduk (-en), purple cloth.
purpurglans (-en), purple glow.
purpurhatt (-en, -ar), purple hat.
purpurt�cke (-t, -n), purple drapery.
p�, on, upon, at, in, by.
p�|skjuta (-sk�t, -skjutit), to push, press forward.
p�rl|a (-an, -or), pearl.

R.

rad (-en, -er), row, line.

radvis, line by line, in lines.
ragl|a (-ade, -at), to stagger.
rak, straight.
rand (-en, r�nder), edge, stripe.
rand|a (-ade, -at), to make lines, stripe, make edge or border.
rand|as (-ades, -ats), (dagen), to dawn.
rank|a (-an, -or), vine.
ras|a (-ade, -at), to rage.
rasslande, rattling.
red, see rida.
redan, already.
redlig, honest.
redo|g�ra (-gjorde, -gjort, -gjord), to give an account.
regn (-et, --), rain.
ren, pure, clean.
ren, contr. of redan, already.
ren|a (-ade, -at), to cleanse, purify.
res|a (-te, -t), to rise, raise, go, travel.
ret|a (-ade, -at), to arouse to anger, irritate.
rev|a (-ade, -at), to reef; -- segel, take in the sail.
rida (red, ridit), to ride.
rig|el (-eln, -lar), bolt.
rik, rich.
rike (-t, -n), kingdom, dominion.
rikedom (-en, -ar), wealth.
ring (-en, -ar), ring.
ringa, little, insignificant.
ring|el (-eln, -lar), coil, ring.
rist|a (-ade, -at), to cut, scratch.
rit|a (-ade, -at), to write, trace.
riva (rev, rivit, riven), to tear.
ro (-n), peace, quiet.
ro (-dde, -tt), to row.
rod|er (-ret, --), rudder.
roderst�ng (-en, -st�nger), rudder bar.
rodn|a (-ade, -at), to blush.
rop|a (-ade, -at), to call, cry, shout.
ros (-en, -or), rose.
rosenf�rg (-en, -er), rose color.
rosenf�rgad, rose-colored.
roseng�rd (-en, -ar), rose garden.
rosenkalk (-en, -ar), rose calyx.
rosenkind (-en, -er), rosy cheek.
rosenknopp (-en, -ar), rosebud.
rosenl�pp (-en, -ar), rosy lip.
rosenr�d, roseate, red.
rosenving|e (-en, -ar), roseate wing.
rosig, rosy.
rost (-en), rust.
rostad, rusty.
rot (-en, r�tter), root.
rotf�stad, rooted, firm.
rov (-et, --), prey, quarry.
rubb|a (-ade, -at), to disturb.
rubin (-en, -er), ruby.
rubinknapp (-en, -ar), ruby gem.
rull|a (-ade, -at), to roll, revolve.
rum (-met, --), room, place.
run|a (-an, -or), rune.
runbeskriven, inscribed with runes.
rund, round.
rund (-en, -er), circle.
rund|a (-ade, -at), to surround.
rund|el (-eln, -lar), circle.
runeskrift (-en, -er), runic inscription.
runetavl|a (-an, -or), runic tablet.
runogrift (-en, -er), runic crypt.
runoh�ll (-en, -ar), rune stone.
runofl�g|a (-an, -or), rune flame.
runstav (-en, -ar), rune staff.
runsten (-en, -ar), rune stone.
runtomkring, round about.
rus (-et, --), spree, intoxication.
rut|a (-an, -or), square, check, pane.
ruttn|a (-ade, -at), to rot.
ruv|a (-ade, -at), to brood.
ryck|a (-te, -t), to tear, pull.
rygg (-en, -ar), back.
ryka (r�k, rukit, or rykte, rykt), to smoke or steam, emit smoke.
rykte (-t, -n), report, fame, rumor.
rymd (-en, -er), space.
rymlig, spacious.
rynk|a (-ade, -at), to knit, as eyebrow or forehead.
rys|a (-te, -t), to shudder.
ryslig, hideous.
ryst|a (-ade, -at), to shake.
ryta (r�t, rutit, or rytit), to roar.
r� (-n, -r), yard (nautical term).
r� (-dde, -tt) f�r, to be responsible for, -- �ver, govern.
r�d (-et, --), advice.
r�da, (r�dde, r�tt), to rule, advise.
r�g (-en), rye.
r�g|a (-ade, -at), to fill to overflowing.
r�n|a (-ade, -at), to rob.
r�ck|a (-te, -t), to reach, extend.
r�das (r�ddes), to be afraid.
r�dd, afraid.
r�dd|a (-ade, -at), to save.
r�kn|a (-ade, -at), to count, reckon.
r�mna (-ade, -at), to split open.
r�tt, right.
r�tta, med --, justly, by right.
r�tt (-en), justice, right.
r�ttvis, just.
r�ttvisa (-n), justice.
r�v (-en, -ar), fox.
r�d, red.
r�k, see ryka.
r�k (-en), smoke.
r�kf�ng (-et, --), smoke escape, flue.
r�kmoln (-et, --), cloud of smoke.
r�n|a (-te, -t), to experience.
r�r|a (-de, -t), to move, touch.
r�rpil (-en, -ar), reed.
r�st (-en, -er), voice.
r�t, see ryta.
r�v|a (-ade, -at), to rob.
r�vare (-n, --), robber.

S.

sade, see s�ga.

sag|a (-an, -or), saga, story.
sagt, see s�ga.
sak (-en, -er), matter, thing.
sakn|a (-ade, -at), to miss.
saknad (-en), regret, longing; k�nna --, to miss.
sakta, slowly.
saktmod (-et), meekness.
sal (-en, -ar), hall, main room.
salig, blessed.
salighet (-en, -er), blessedness.
salsd�rr (-en, -ar), hall door.
salt (-et), salt, adj. salt.
saltad, salt.
saltskum (-met), briny foam.
sam, see simma.
samarv (-et, --), joint inheritance.
saml|a (-ade, -at), to gather.
samma, the same.
samman, together.
sammetsmantel (-eln, -lar), velvet cloak.
sand (-en), sand.
sann, true.
sanning (-en, -ar), truth.
sans|a (-ade, -at) sig, to compose oneself.
sansad, reasonable, sober.
sansking (-en), sense, composure.
satt, see sltta or s�tta.
schack (-et), chess.
schackbord (-et, --), chess board.
scharlakansr�d, scarlet.
se (s�g, sett, sedd), to see, look.
sed (-en, -er), custom.
sedan, sen, since, after.
seg|el (-let, --), sail.
seg|er (-ern, -rar), victory.
segl|a (-ade, -at), to sail.
seglare (-n, --), sailor.
segling (-en, -ar), cruise, sailing.
segr|a (-ade, -at), to conquer.
sen, see sedan; -- dess, since then.
sen, late, tardy; sent omsider, at last.
sen|a (-an, -or), sinew.
sett, see se.
sex, six.
si, behold.
sid|a (-an, -or), side.
sig, himself, herself, itself, themselves.
silverblank, bright as silver.
silverb�lte (-t, -n), silver belt.
silke (-t, -n), silk.
silv|er (-ret), silver.
silverbild (-en, -er), silver image.
silverfat (-et, --), silver platter.
silverfot (-en, -f�tter), silver foot.
silverf�r|a (-an, -or), silvery furrow or band.
silverhj�lm (-en, -ar), silver helmet.
silverh�r (-et, --), silvery hair.
silverh�rig, silver-haired, gray.
silverlock (-en, -ar), silvery lock.
silverm�n|e (-en, -ar), silver moon.
silverpl�t (-en, -ar), silver plate.
silverport (-en, -ar), silver gate.
silverskrid|a (-an, -or), silver scabbard.
silverskir (-et), silver gauze.
silversk�gg (-et), gray beard.
silverstak|e (-en, -ar), silver candlestick.
silverstol (-en, -ar), silver chair.
silvertak (-et, --), silver roof or ceiling.
silverv�g (-en, -or), silvery wave.
simma (sam, summit), to swim.
simmare (-n, --), swimmer.
sin, sitt, sina, his, her, its, their.
sinne (-t, -n), mind.
sir|a (-ade, -at), to adorn, entwine.
sist, last.
sitta (satt, pl. sutto, suttit), to sit.
sjunde, seventh.
sjunga (sj�ng, sjungit, sjungen), to sing.
sjunka (sj�nk, sjunkit" sjunken), to sink.
sj�l (-en, -ar), soul.
sj�lv, self.
sj� (-n, -ar), lake.
sj�bl�, water blue.
sj�gr�n, sea-green.
sj�h�st (-en, -ar), sea horse.
sj�konung (-en, -ar), sea king.
sj�ng, see sjunga.
sj�nk, se sjunka.
skad|a (-ade, -at), to hurt.
skad|a (-an, -or), injury, harm, waste, misfortune.
skaft (-et, --), handle.
skak|a (-ade, -at), to shake.
skal (-et, --), shell,
skal|a (-ade, -at), to scale.
skald (-en, -er), poet.
skalk (-en, -ar), rogue.
skall, see skola.
skallra (-ade, -at), to rattle.
skall|a (-ade, -at), to resound.
skall|e (-en, -ar), skull.
skap|a (-ade, -at), to create.
skapelse (-n, -r), creation.
skar, see sk�ra.
skar|a (-an, -or), flock, crowd.
skarp, sharp, keen.
skatt (-en, -er), tax, treasure.
skatt|a (-ade, -at), to value, treasure.
skattskyldig, liable to taxation.
ske (-dde, -tt), to happen.
sken (-et, --), light.
sken, see skina.
skepnad (-en, -er), form.
skepp (-et, --), ship.
skeppsbord (-et, --), deck.
skeppsd�ck (-et, --), deck.
skeppsvrak (-et, --), wreck.
skick|a (-ade, -at), to send.
skidg�rd (-en, -ar), paling, palisade.
skift|a (-ade, -at), to exchange, apportion, change, shift.
skifte (-t, -n), vicissitude.
skiltvakt (-en, -er), sentry.
skil|ja (-de, -t), to divide, separate, part, distinguish.
skim|mer (-ret), shimmer, gleam.
skimr|a (-ade, -at), to shimmer.
skina (sken, skinit), to shine.
skinn (-et, --), hide, fur, skin.
skip|a (-ade, -at) lag, to administer law.
skir (-et), gauze.
skiv|a (-an, -or), plate, disk.
skjuta (sk�t, skjutit, skjuten), to shoot, push.
sko (-dde, -tt), to shoe.
skog (-en, -ar), forest.
skola (skall, skulle, skolat), shall, will, must.
skon|a (-ade, -at), to spare.
skoning (-en), mercy, exemption.
skot (-et), sheet, sail.
skraml|a (-ade, -at), to rattle.
skrap|a (-ade, -at), to scrape, paw.
skred, see skrida,
skrek, see skrika.
skrev, see skriva.
skri (-et, -- ), shriek.
skrida (skred, skridit, skriden), to glide, proceed, walk slowly.
skrika (skrek, skrikit), to cry.
skriva, (skrev, skrivit, skriven), to write.
skrud (-en, -ar), attire.
skr�ck (-en), terror.
skr�m|ma (-de, -t), to frighten.
skugg|a (-an, -or), shadow.
skuggig, shady.
skuld (-en, -er), debt, blame, fault.
skulderblad (-et), shoulder-blade.
skuldl�s, guiltless, innocent.
skuldr|a (-an, -or), shoulder.
skull, sake, fault; f�r n�gons --, on account of, for the sake
of some one.
skulle, see skola.
skum (-met), foam.
skum, dark.
skumma (-ade, -at), to foam.
skur|a (-ade, -at), to scrub, wash, polish.
skurit, see sk�ra.
skuro, see sk�ra.
skvallrja (-ade, -at), to tattle, gossip.
sky (-n, -ar), sky, cloud.
skydd (-et), protection.
skydd|a (-ade, -at), to protect.
skygd, indecl., protection.
skymf (-en, -er), insult.
skymf|a (-ade, -at), to insult.
skymt|a (-ade, -at), to appear by a glimpse, catch a glimpse of.
skynd|a (-ade, -at), to hurry.
sk�d|a (-ade, -at), to see, be-hold.
sk�l (-en, -ar), cup, toast, health.
sk�p (-et, --), cupboard.
sk�gg (-et, --), beard.
sk�l (-et, --), reason.
sk�lv|a (-de or skalv, sk�lvt), to tremble.
sk�mt|a (-ade, -at), to jest.
sk�nk (-en, -er), gift.
sk�nk|a (-te, -t), to donate, give.
sk�r (-et, --), rock, skerry.
sk�ra (skar, pl. skuro, skurit, skuren), to cut.
sk�rad, cleansed, shriven.
sk�ld (-en, -ar), shield.
sk�ldborg (-en, -ar), circle of shields.
sk�ldburen, borne or lifted on a shield.
sk�ldegny (-et), din of shields.
sk�ldeklang (-en), clang of shields.
sk�ldm� (-n, -r), shield maiden, valkyr.
sk�ldrand (-en, -r�nder), edge of a shield.
sk�n, beautiful.
sk�nj|a (-de, -t), to discern.
sk�rd (-en, -ar), harvest.
sk�t, see skjuta.
sk�te (-t), lap, bosom.
slag (-et, --), stroke, battle.
slagsm�l (-et, --), fight.
slagsv�rd (-et, --), sword.
slaktning (-en, -ar), battle, slaughter.
slapp, slack, lax.
slav (-en, -ar), slave.
slet, see slita.
slita (slet, slitit, sliten), to tear, wear.
slockn|a (-ade, -at), to become extinct.
slag, see sl�.
slumr|a (-ade, -at), to slumber.
slung|a (-ade, -at), to hurl.
slup (-en, -ar), boat, sloop.
slut (-et), end; till --, at last.
sluta (sl�t, slutit, sluten), to cease, press, close, attack.
slutligen, finally.
sluttande, sloping.
sl� (slog, slagit, slagen), to strike; -- ned, alight,
cast down, -- an en s�ng, strike up a song.
sl�ss (slogs, slagits), to fight.
sl�ck|a (-te, -t), to extinguish.
sl�d|e (-en, -ar), sleigh, sled.
sl�dtravare (-n, --), sleigh-trotter
sl�kt (-en, -er), generation, kinsfolk.
slang|a (-de, -t), to throw.
sl�pp|a (-te, -t), to relinquish, release; -- ut, to let out.
sl�tt (-en, -er), plain, level place.
sl�j|a (-an, -or), veil.
sl�s|a (-ade, -at), to squander.
smak|a (-ade, -t), to taste.
smal, slender, narrow.
smalt, see sm�lta.
smattr|a (-ade, -at), to beat, crackle, blare.
smida (smidde, smitt), to forge.
smidig, lithe.
smultron (-et, --), strawberry.
smyck|a (-ade, -at), to adorn.
smycke (-t, -n), ornament.
smyga (sm�g, smugit), to go stealthily, steal.
sm� (pl. of liten), small, little.
sm�|le (-log, -lett), to smile.
sm�l|ta (-te, or smalt, smultit or sm�lt), to melt.
sm�rt, slender.
sm�dlig, derisive.
sm�rt|a (-an, -or), pain, suffering.
sm�g, see smyga.
snar, soon, near, quick.
sn�ck|a (-an, -or), shell, ship.
sn�ll, good, quick.
sn� (-n), snow.
sn�berg (-et, --), snow-capped mountain.
sn�bet�ckt, snow-covered.
sn�blomm|a (-an, -or), snow drop, snow white flower.
sn�g|a (-ade, -at), to snow.
sn�ig, snowy.
sn�re (-t, -n), string, cord.
sn�vit, snow white.
sol (-en, -ar), sun.
solblank, bright as the sun.
solbrun, sunburnt.
solhus (-et, --), sun house, conservatory.
solsken (-et), sunshine.
som, who, which, that, whom.
som, as, like.
sommar (-en, somrar), summer.
sommarnatt (-en, --natter), summer night.
sommarsol (-en), summer sun.
sommartorr, sundried, withered.
sommarvind (-en, -ar), summer wind.
somn|a (-ade, -at), to go to sleep.
son (-en, s�ner), son.
sona, see f�rsona.
sorg (-en, -er), sorrow, care, responsibility.
sorgfri, carefree.
sorglig, sad, sorrowful.
sorgl�s, carefree.
sorgsen, sad.
sorl (-et), hum, commotion.
sorl|a (-ade, -at), to murmur.
sotad, sooty.
sova (sov, sovit), to sleep.
spak, meek, tractable.
spar|a (-ade, -at), to save, spare.
sparr|e (-en, -ar), rafter.
speg|el (-eln, -lar), mirror.
spegelklar, clear as a mirror.
spegelv�g (-en, -or), clear, calm water.
spegl|a (-ade, -at), to reflect, view in mirror.
spel (-et, --), play.
spel|a (-te or -ade, -t or -at), to play.
spets (-en, -ar), point, tip.
spill|a (-de, -t), to spill, waste
spillo, giva till --, to abandon.
spilt|a (-an, -or), stall.
spinna (spann, pl. spunno, spunnit, spunnen), to spin.
spis|el (-eln, -lar), fireplace.
spjut (-et, --), spear.
spol|a (-ade, -at), to flush, wash away.
spolad, spun.
spord, see sp�rja.
sporr|a (-ade, -at), to spur on.
sprang, see springa.
sprak|a (-ade, -at), to crackle.
spratt (-et, --), trick.
sprida (spred or spridde, spridit), to spread, scatter.
springa (sprang, pl. sprungo, sprungit), to run, spring,
break.
spring|a (-an, -or), crack, narrow opening.
springare (-n, --), courser.
sprungo, see springa.
spr�k (-et, --), language.
spr�k|a (-ade, -at), to converse, talk.
spr�ng (-et, --), leap.
spr�cklig, mottled, speckled.
sp�man (-nen, -m�n), sooth-sayer.
sp�ck|a (-ade, -at), to fill, Interlard.
sp�d, tender, infantile.
spok|a (-ade,-at), to haunt.
sp�n|na (-de, -t), to stretch out, bend, draw, buckle, -- hop, clinch.
sp�rja (sporde, sport, spord), to inquire, learn, hear, ask.
stack, see sticka.
stad (-en, st�der), city.
stadig, steady, constant.
stal, see stj�la.
stam (-men, -mar), stem, post, trunk, framework.
stamfar, see stamfader.
stamfader (-n, -f�der), progenitor.
stamm|a (-ade, -at) fr�n, to descend from.
stamp|a (-ade, -at), to stamp.
stann|a (-ade, -at), to stop, remain.
stark, strong.
stav (-en, -ar), staff.
steg, see stiga.
steg (-et, --), step.
sten (-en, -ar), stone.
stenek (-en, -ar), holly oak.
sticka (stack, pl. stucko, stuckit), to stick, reach forth,
-- i brand, put on fire.
stick|a (-ade, -at), to knit.
stickbloss (-et, --), wood torch.
stift|a (-ade, -at), to found, establish.
stig (-en, -ar), path.
stiga (steg, stigit), to step, -- upp, to arise, -- av, to dismount.
stiltje (-n), calm.
stilla, still.
stinga (st�ng, pl. stungo, stungit, stungen), to pierce, sting.
stj�lk (-en, -ar), stem,
stj�la (stal, pl. stulo, stulit, stulen), to steal.
stjarn|a (-an, -or), star.
stj�rnekrans (-en, -ar), starry wreath.
stj�rnenatt (-en, --, -n�tter), starry night.
stj�rnetlfilt (-et, --), starry tent.
stjarnevim|mel (-let), starry throng.
stj�rnklar, starlight,
stj�rnskott (-et, --), shooting star.
stj�rt (-en, -ar), tail.
stod, see st�.
stoft, (-et), dust, earth.
stol (-en, -ar), chair, seat.
stolt, proud.
stolthet (-en), pride.
stor, great, large.
storm (-en, -ar), storm.
storm|a (-ade, -at), to storm.
stormig, stormy.
storm�rn (-en, -ar), storm eagle.
strand (-en, str�nder), shore.
strandl�s, without a shore, endless.
strax, immediately,
strid (-en, -er), battle, strife, conflict.
strid, swift, rapid,
strida,(stred, stridit), to fight.
stridsbror, stridsbroder, comrade in arms.
strimm|a (-an, -or), line, streak.
stryka (str�k, strukit, struken), strike, give up, roam.
str�d�d (-en), natural death.
str�l|a (-ade, -at), to beam, shine.
str�lb�gare (-n, --), sparkling bowl.
str�l|e (-en, -ar), ray.
str�ck|a (-te, -t), to stretch, extend.
str�ckning (-en, -ar), stretching, extent.
str�ng (-en, -ar), string, chord.
str�ng, severe.
str� (str�dde, str�tt), to strew, scatter.
str�m (-men, -mar), stream.
str�mm|a (-ade, -at), to flow, stream.
str�moln (-et, --), small, scattered clouds.
stulen, see stj�la.
stum, dumb, silent.
stund (-en, -er), moment.
stund|a (-ade, -at), to be impending, about to happen.
stundom, occasionally.
stungo, see stinga.
stup|a (-ade, or st�p, -at), to fall (in battle).
stycke (-t, -n), piece.
styr|a (-de,-t), to steer, direct.
styre (-t, -n), helm.
styrbord, starboard.
styrka (-n), strength.
styrman (-nen, -m�n), pilot.
styv, stiff.
st� (stod, st�tt), st�nd; -- �ter, to remain.
st�l (-et), steel.
st�lblank, bright as steel, burnished.
st�lbl�, steel blue.
st�lb�g|e (-en, -ar), steel bow
st�lb�gare, (-n, --), steel goblet.
st�lhandsk|e (-en, -ar), gauntlet.
st�lgjuten, of wrought steel.
st�lhj�lm (-en, -ar), steel helmet.
st�lbekl�dd, steel clad, mailed.
st�lrand (-en, -r�nder), band or edge of steel.
st�lsko (-n, -r), skate.
st�lskodd, steel shod,
st�ng (-en, st�nger), pole, pike.
st�ng|a (-ade, -at), to butt, gore.
st�ll|a (-de, -t), to place, put.
st�lle (-t, -n) place.
st�m|ma (-de, -t), to summon; -- m�te, to set a meeting,
make an appointment.
st�mm|a(-an, -or), voice,
st�ndig, constant.
st�ng|a (-de, -t), to shut.
st�ng|el (-eln, -lar), stalk.
st�v (-en, -ar), stem.
st�v|a (-an, -or), pail.
st�dja (st�dde, st�tt, st�dd), to support, lean.
st�p, see stupa.
st�rre, greater, large.
st�rst, greatest, largest.
st�rt|a (-ade, -at) fram, rush forward.
st�t (-en, -ar), blow.
st�t|a (-te, -t), to strike, encounter.
suck (-en, -ar), sigh.
suck|a (-ade, -at), to sigh.
sund (-et, --), sound.
sunnanskog (-en, -ar), southern forest.
sus (-et), murmur, rustle, sough.
sus|a (-ade, -at), to murmur, rustle, whizz.
sutto, see sitta.
svag, weak.
sval, cool.
svalg (-et, --), mouth, jaw.
svall, (-et), swell, surge.
svall|a (-ade, -at), to swell.
svallv�g (-en), surge, roller.
svandunsbarm (-en, -ar), bosom as soft as swan's down.
svar (-et, --), answer.
svar|a (-ade, -at), to answer.
svart, black.
svartkl�dd, dressed in black.
svartekung (-en), black art king.
svartsk�ggig, having black beard, swarthy.
svarv|a (-ade, -at), to lathe, turn.
sveda (svedde, svett), to singe, burn.
svedjeland (-et, --), fire swept land, burnt clearing.
svek (-et, --), deceit.
sven (-nen, -ner), youth, page, comrade.
svett (-en), perspiration.
svika (svek, svikit, sviken), to fail, betray.
svikt|a (-ade, -at), to give way under weight.
svindl|a (-ade, -at), to grow dizzy.
sving|a (-ade, -at), to swing, fly.
svurit, see sv�rja.
sv�r, hard, difficult.
sv�ng|a (-de, -t), to swing.
sv�ra (svor, pl. svuro, svurit), to swear, take oath.
sv�rdl�s, swordless, disarmed.
sv�rdshugg (-et, --), blow or strike of the sword.
sv�rja (svor, pl. svuro, svurit, svuren), to swear, make solemn promise,
or take oath.
sv�rm|a (-ade, -at), to swarm, roam, dream.
sv�rmare (-n, --), dreamer, visionary.
sv�v|a (-ade, -at), to hover, rove.
syn (-en, -er), sight, vision.
syn|a (-ade, -at), to examine, spy.
syn|as (-tes, -ts), to seem, appear.
syskonstj�rn|a (-an, -or), sister star.
syssl|a (-ade, -at), to be busy.
syst|er (-ern, -rar), sister.
s� (-dde, -tt), to sow.
s�, thus, so.
s�g, see se.
s�ll|a (-ade, -at), to sift.
s�ng (-en, -er), song.
s�ngare (-n, --), singer.
s�ngarskara (-an, -or), group of singers.
s�ngf�g|el (-eln, -lar), songbird.
s�r (-et, --), wound.
s�r|a (-ade, -at), to wound.
s�d (-en), seed.
s�ga (sade, sagt), to say, tell, relate.
s�g|en (-nen, -ner), saying, legend.
s�ker, sure, secure.
s�lja (s�lde, s�lt, s�ld), to sell.
s�ll, happy, blessed.
s�ll|e (-en, -ar), fellow, vulgar fellow.
s�llhet (-en), bliss.
s�llsam, singular.
s�n|da (-de, -t), to send.
s�ndebud (-et, --), messenger.
s�nder, i --, at a time.
s�ndman (-nen, --m�n), messenger.
s�ng (-en, -ar), bed.
s�nk|a (-te, -t), to lower, sink.
s�rskild, special, separate.
s�te (-t, -n), seat.
s�tta (satte, satt), to put, locate, fix; -- sig, to sit down,
locate; -- ut, set out; -- �stad, start, sally forth.
s�v (-en), rushes.
s�der (-n), South.
s�k|a (-te, -t), to seek.
s�mn|a (-ade, -at), to sew, embroider.
s�mn (-en), sleep.
s�mnig, sleepy, drowsy.
s�mnl�s, sleepless.
s�rj|a (-de, -t), to grieve.
sov|a (-de, -t), to put to sleep.

T.

ta, abbrev. of taga.

tack (-en), thanks.
tack|a (-ade, -at), to thank.
tad|el (-let), blame, reproach, blemish.
tafs (-en, -ar), tassel.
tag (-et, --), hold, grip.
taga, ta (tog, tagit, tagen), to take.
tak (-et, --), roof, ceiling.
tal (-et, --), speech, number.
tal|a (-ade, or -te, -at, or -t), to speak.
tank|e (-en, -ar), thought.
tankl�s, thoughtless.
tapper, brave.
tapp|a (-ade, -at), to lose.
teck|en (-net, --), sign, omen.
teckn|a (-ade, -at), to trace, write, make signs.
teg, see tiga.
temp|el (-let, --), temple.
tempelbrand (-en), burning of the temple.
tempeljungfru (-n, -r), temple maiden.
tempellund (-en, -ar), temple grove.
tempelrund (-en, -er), temple circle.
tempelr�k (-en), smoke from the burning temple.
tempelsk�ndare (-n, --), one who profanes the temple.
tempelsl�kte (-t, -n), temple tribe.
tempeltilj|a (-an, -or), temple floor.
tempelvalv (-et, --), temple arch, dome.
tempelv�gg (-en, -ar), temple wall.
tid (-en, -er), time.
tidning (-en, -ar), news.
tiga (teg, tegat), to keep silent.
tigg|a (-de, -t), to beg.
tiggarstav (-en, -ar), beggar's staff.
tllj|a (-an, -or), floor.
till, to, as, for.
tillbaka, back, in return.
till|bedja (-bad, -bedit, -bedd), to worship.
tillhopa, together.
tillhor|a (-de, -t), to belong to.
tillika, also.
till|komma (-kom, -kommit), to come into existence, to befit,
be proper, incumbent upon.
tills, until.
tillsamman, together.
til|l�gga (-lade, -lagt), to add.
timme (-en, -ar), hour.
timr|a (-ade, -at), to build.
ting (-et, --), thing, court of justice.
tinga, see betinga.
tinn|e (-en, -ar), pinnacle.
tinning (-en, -ar), temple.
tio, ten.
titt|a (-ade, -at), to keep, look.
tjus|a (-ade, -at), to fascinate.
tjuv (-en, -ar), thief.
tj�ll (-et, --), hut, home.
tofs (-en, -ar), tassel.
tog, see taga.
tolv, twelve.
tolvmannakraft, strength of twelve men.
tolvt (-en, -er), dozen.
tom, empty.
tomh�nt, indecl., empty handed.
tomt (-en, -er), plot, lot.
ton (-en, -er), tone, sound.
topp (-en, -ar), top.
torn (-et, --), tower.
torr, dry.
torv (-en), sod, turf.
torv|a (-an, -or), turf, sod.
tre, three.
travare (-n, --), trotter.
trenne, three.
trevlig, pleasant.
trettio, thirty.
triv|as (-des, -ts), to thrive, feel at home.
tro (-dde, -tt), to believe, think.
tro (-n), faith, belief, trust.
trofast, faithful, steadfast.
trogen, faithful.
trohet (-en), faithfulness.
troll (-et, --), goblin, monster.
trolldom (-en), witchcraft.
trollpar (-et, --), pair of monsters.
trolls�ng (-en, -er), incantation.
trol�s, faithless.
tron (-en, -er), throne.
trots (-et), defiance; in spite of.
trots|a (-ade, -at), to defy.
trotsig, defiant.
tryck|a (-te, -t), to press.
tryckning (-en, -ar), pressure.
trygg, secure.
tr�bel�te (-t, -n), wooden image.
tr�d (-et, --), tree.
tr�da (tr�dde, tr�tt), to step, walk, proceed.
tr�ff|a (-ade, -at), to meet with, hit, strike.
tr�l (-en, -ar), serf, slave.
tr�ngla (-de, -t), to press.
tr�g, dull.
tr�sk|el (-eln, -lar), threshold.
tr�st (-en), consolation.
tr�tt, weary.
tr�ttad, tired.
tr�ttnia (-ade, -at), to grow tired.
tr�ttsam, tiresome.
tu, two.
tugg|a (-ade, -at), to chew.
tull (-en, -ar), toll.
tuml|a (-ade, -at), to tumble, roll.
tummje (-en, -ar), thumb.
tung, heavy.
tung|a (-an, -or), tongue.
turturduv|a (-an, -or), turtledove.
tusen, thousand.
tusental (-et, --), a thousand.
tuv|a (-an, -or), knoll.
tvekan, indecl., hesitation.
tvem�nnings, two together.
tvenne, two.
tvinga (tvang, pi. tvungo, tvungit, tvungen), to compel, subdue.
tvinn|a (-ade, -at), to twine.
tvist (-en, -er), quarrel.
tvist|a (-ade, -at), to dispute.
tv�, two.
tv�ng (-et), compulsion.
tv�nne, two.
ty, because, for.
tyck|a (-te,-t), to think, mean.
tyst|a (-ade, -at), to silence.
tyck|as (-tes, -ts), to appear, seem.
tyst, silent, quiet.
tystn|a (-ade, -at), to become silent.
tystnad (-en), silence.
tyv�rr, alas.
t�, (-n, -r), toe.
t�g (-et), march, campaign.
t�g|a (-ade, -at), to march.
t�l|a (-de, -t), to endure.
t�lig, patient.
t�r (-en, -ar), tear.
t�rl�s, tearless.
t�ck|e (-et, -en) covering.
t�lj|a (-de, -t), to enumerate, relate, count.
t�lt (-et, --), tent.
t�lt|a (-ade, -at), t� put up tents, encamp.
t�mja (t�mde or tamde, tamt or tamt, tamd), to tame.
t�nlda (-de, -t), to kindle, light.
t�nk|a (-te, -t), to think.
t�r|a (-de, -t), to consume,
t�rn|a (-an, -or), lass, maiden.
t�rning (-en, -ar), die, dice,
t�t, close.
t�vl|a (-ade, -at), to contest, vie, compete.
t�ckenbud (-et, --), gloomy messenger.
t�cknig, misty.
t�m|ma (-de, -t), to empty, drain.
t�ra (torde), perchance, no douht, may.
t�ras (tordes, torts), to dare.
t�rst (-en), thirst.
t�rst|a (-ade, -at), to thirst.

U.

ull (-en), wool.

ulv (-en, -ar) wolf.
undan, away.
under, under, beneath, during.
und|er (-ret, --), wonder.
underbar, wonderful.
underlig, wonderful.
undr|a (-ade, -at), to wonder.
ung, young.
ungdom (-en), youth.
ungdomsblod (-et), youthful blood.
ungdomsv�n (-nen, -ner), friend from childhood.
ung|e (-en, -ar), young one.
ungersven (-nen, -ner), young man, swain.
ungtr�d (-et, --), young tree.
unn|a (-ade, -at), to allow, permit without grudging.
upp, up.
upp|f�da (-f�dde, -f�tt), to bring up.
upp|bara (-bar, -burit, -buren), to support.
upp|l�sa (-te, -t), to dissolve.
uppsparka, to kick up.
uppsteg, see uppstiga. -
upp|stiga (-steg, -stigit, -stigen), to ascend, rise.
uppst� (-stod, -st�tt, -st�nden), to arise.
upp�, upon, on.
ur (-oxe) (-en, -ar), musk ox.
ur, from, out of.
urn|a (-an, -or), urn.
usel, mean, sordid, wretched.
ut, ute, out.
utan, without.
utanf�r, outside.
utav, of, among.
ute|bliva (-blev, -blivit, -bliven), to fail to appear, remain away.
uti, in.
utlys|a (-te, -t), to announce, appoint.
uts�de (-t), seed for planting.
utav, out of.
ut�ver, over, above, beyond.
uppb�ra (-bar, pi. buro, -burit, buren), to support.

V.

vad, what, whatsoever.

vad'a (-ade, -at), to wade.
vagg|a (-ade, -at), to rock, wave.
vagg|a (-an, -or), cradle.
vaggs�ng (-en, -er), cradle song.
vaj|a (-ade, -at), to wave.
vak (-en, -ar), opening in the ice.
vak|a (-ade, -at), to watch, keep awake.
vak|a (-an, -or), thrush.
vaken, awake.
vakn|a (-ade, -at), to awaken.
vakt (-en, -er), guard.
vakt|a (-ade, -at), to watch, guard.
vakt|el (-eln, -lar), quail.
val (-en, -ar), whale.
val (-et, --), choice, election.
val|a (-an, -or), seeress.
valhallaarving (-en, -ar), heir of Valhalla.
valhallabarn (-et, --), child of Valhalla.
valhallason (-en, --s�ner), son of Valhalla,
valhallastol (-en), seat of Valhalla.
valkyri|a (-an, -or), valkyr.
vallh� (-et), meadow hay.
valplats (-en, -er), battlefield.
valv (-et, --), arch.
valvd�rr (-en, -ar), arch door.
van, accustomed.
van|a (-an, -or), habit.
vandr|a (-ade, -at), to walk, wander.
vandrare (-n, -- ), wanderer, walker.
vankelmod (-et), fickleness, inconstancy.
vantro (-n), superstition.
vantrofylld, full of superstition.
vap|en (-net, --), weapon.
vapenbrak (-et), din of arms.
vapenbroder (-n, -br�der), comrade in arms.
vapenklang (-en), clash of arms.
var, see vara.
var, each, every, wherever, where.
vara (�r, var pl. voro, varit), to be.
vara, tag dig till --, beware, look out.
varann, varannan, each other, every other.
varda (vart, vorden), begin to be, become.
varenda, every.
varf�r, why.
varg i veum, outlaw, profaner of the temple.
varhelst, wherever.
varifr�n, whence.
varje, every.
varligen, carefully.
varm, warm.
varmed, whereby.
varn|a (-ade, -at), to warn.
varning (-en, -ar), warning.
vars, whose.
varsam, cautious.
varthelst, whithersoever.
var�ver, over or across which.
vass, sharp.
vatt|en (-net, --), water.
vattendrag (-et, --), water course, stream.
vattenf�g|el (-eln, -lar), waterfowl.
vattenlilj|a (-an, -or), water lily.
vattn|a (-ade, -at), to moisten,
vaulunderverk (-et, --), product of Vaulund.
ve, woe.
ved (-en), wood, fuel.
vederg�ll|a (-de, -t), to repay, make retribution.
vek, weak.
veklig, weakly.
vem, who.
vemhelst, whosoever.
vemodsfull, melancholy.
verk (-et, --), work, deed.
veta (visste, vetat), to know.
vett (-et), sense.
vi, we.
vi, why, wherefore.
vid, by, in, on, at.
vidunderlig, strange, weird.
vift|a (-ade, -at), to flap, wave, beckon.
vig|a (-de, -t), to consecrate, wed.
vigd, consecrated.
vik (-en, -ar), bay.
vika (vek, vikit, viken), to yield, turn aside.
viking (-en, -ar), viking.
vikingabalk (-en, -ar), viking code.
vikingaf�rd (-en, -ar), viking expedition.
vikingaliv (-et, --), viking life.
vikingah�mnd (-en), viking revenge.
vikingaskepp (-et, --), viking ship.
vikingavinst (-en, -er), viking profit.
vikingavis, in viking fashion.
vikt (-en, -er), weight.
vil|a (-ade, -at), to rest.
vild, wild.
vilddjur (-et, --), wild animal.
vilja (pr. vill, ville, velat), will, want to.
vilj|a (-an, -or), will.
vildsint, ferocious.
vilken, who, which.
vill, see vilja.
villig, willing.
viml|a (-ade, -at), to throng, abound.
vin (-et), wine.
vina (ven, vinit), to whistle, shriek.
vinb�gare (-n), wine goblet.
vind (-en, -ar), wind.
vindkall, producing wintry storms.
vingad, winged.
ving|e (-en, -ar), wing.
vink|a (-ade, -at), to beckon.
vinna (vann, pl. vunno, vunnit, vunnen), to win, acquire.
vinpokal (-en, -ar), wine goblet.
vinst (-en, -er), profit, gain.
vint|er (-ern, -rar), winter.
vintergr�n, evergreen.
vinterhim|mel, (-len or himmeln, -lar), wintry sky.
vinterkv�ll (-en, -ar), winter evening.
vinterk�ld (-en), winter cold.
vir|a (-ade, -at), to wind, twine.
virk|a (-ade, -at), to crochet.
virvelvind (-en, -ar), whirlwind.
virvl|a (-ade, -at), to whirl.
vis (-et, --), manner.
vis, wise.
vis|a (-an, -or), ditty, song.
vis|a (-ade, -at), to show, direct.
visdomsrun|a (-an, -or), rune of wisdom, sage legend.
vishet (-en), wisdom.
visk|a (-ade, -at), to whisper.
viskning (-en, -ar), whispering.
viss, certain.
vissn|a (-ade, -at), to wither.
vist|as (-ades, -ats), to sojourn, remain, stay.
visthus (-et, --), larder.
vit, white.
vitaktig, whitish.
vitgr�, light gray, white and gray.
vitkl�dd, dressed in white.
vitskummig, white-capped, foaming.
vitt, s� --, as far as.
vitter, lettered, cultured, learned.
vitullig, woolly.
vittber�md, far-famed.
vorden, see varda.
voro, see vara,
vred, angry.
vrede (-n), anger.
vredesmod (-et), anger.
vredgad, angry.
vredg|as (-ades, -ats), to be or become angry.
vr� (-n, -r), nook, corner of a room.
vr�l|a (-ade, -at), to howl.
vr�k|a (-te, -t), to hurl, heave.
vuxen, see v�xa.
v�dlig, risky, dangerous.
v�g (-en, -or), wave.
v�g (-en, -ar), scale.
v�g|a (-ade, -at), to dare, venture.
v�gsk�l (-en, -ar), scale.
v�ld (-et), force, tyranny.
v�r (-en, -ar), spring.
v�r, our.
v�rd (-en, -ar), monument.
v�rd (-en), care.
v�rd|a (-ade, -at), to take care of.
v�rdag (-en, -ar), spring day.
v�rdkas (-en, -ar), signal fire
v�ris (-en), spring ice.
v�rsol (-en), spring sun.
v�rsky (-n, -ar), spring cloud.
v�t, wet.
v�ck|a (-te, -t), to awaken.
v�d|er (-ret), weather.
v�dj|a (-ade, -at), to appeal.
v�g (-en, -ar), road, path, way.
v�g|a (-de, -t), to weigh.
v�gg (-en, -ar), wall.
v�gra (-de, -t), to refuse.
v�l, well, indeed.
v�lan, well then.
v�lbekant, well-known.
v�ld, indecl., partiality.
v�lde (-t), power, authority.
v�ldig, mighty.
v�lf�gnad (-en), good cheer.
v�lja (valde, valt, vald), to choose.
v�lkommen, welcome.
v�lkomstg�v|a (-an, -or), gift of welcome.
v�lk�nd, well-known.
v�ll|a (-de, -t), to gush.
v�lment, well-meant.
v�lsign|a (-ade, -at), to bless.
v�lsk, Gaelic.
v�lt|a (-te, -t), to roll, overturn.
v�lv|a (-de, -t), to arch.
v�n (-nen, -ner), friend.
v�n|da (-de, -t), to turn.
v�nlig, friendly.
v�nskap (-en), friendship.
v�nster, left.
v�nt|a (-ade, -at), to wait, expect.
v�ns�ll, sociable, amiable.
v�ntan, indecl., waiting.
v�pn|a (-ade, -at), to arm.
v�rd (en, -ar), host.
v�rd, worth.
v�rde (-t), worth.
v�rdig, worthy.
v�rld (-en, -ar), earth, world.
v�rldsb�lsl�g|a (-an, -or), flame of the universal pyre.
v�rldshav (-et, -- ), main ocean.
v�rldshavsb�lj|a (-an, -or), wave of the ocean main.
v�rldskung (-en), world king.
v�rldsmoder (-n), mother of the world.
v�rn (-et, -- ), defense.
v�rnl�s, defenseless.
v�rst, worst.
v�s|a (-te, -t), to hiss.
v�sen, indecl., being, noise, commotion.
v�stanvind (-en, -ar), west wind.
v�ster (-n), west.
v�sterhav (-et, -- ), Western Sea, North Sea.
v�stersal (-en, -ar), western hall.
v�stersalt (-et), western salt, North Sea.
v�sterv�g (-en, -or), western billow or sea.
v�v (-en, -ar), web, textile fabric.
v�v|a (-de, -t), to weave.
v�x|a (-te, -t or vuxit), to grow.
v�xl|a (-ade, -at), to change, alternate.
v�xt (-en, -er), growth, stature, plant.
v�rd|a (-ade, -at), to respect.
v�rdnad (-en), respect.

Y.

yng|el (-let, -- ), brood.

yngling (-en, -ar), young man, youth.
ypp|a (-ade, -at), to reveal, lay bare.
ypperst, foremost.
yppig, luxurious.
yr|a (-de, -t), to be delirious, rave, whirl.
yttre, outer.
yv|as (-des, -ts), to glory in, boast.

�.

�, on.
� (-n, -ar), stream.
�bo (-n, -r), inhabitant, denizen.
�d|er (-ern, -ror), vein.
�lderdom (-en), old age.
�nger (-n), contrition.
�ngest (-en), anxiety, fear.
�r (-et, --), year.
�r|a (-an, -or), oar.
�rsbarn (-et, --), born the same year, coeval.
�rsv�xt (-en), harvest, crop.
�s (-en, -ar), ridge.
�sk|a (-an, -or), thunder.
�skdiger, thunder laden.
�skmoln (-et, --), thundercloud.
�stad, away, forth.
�ter, again.
�t, to, in, toward.
�ter|flyga (-fl�g, -flugit, -flugen), to fly back.
�ter|f�das (-f�ddes, -f�tts), to be born again.
�terkomst (-en), return.
�terliv|a (-ade, -at), to revive, quicken to life.
�tert�n|da (-de, -t), to rekindle.
�terst�ll|a (-de, -t), to restore.
�terv�n|da (-de, -t), to return.
�tskilj|a (-de, -t), to separate.
�tsporde, see �tsp�rja.
�t|sp�rja (-sporde, -sport, -spord), to question, ask.

�.

�del, noble.
�delsten (-en, -ar), precious stone.
�g|a (-de, -t), to own, possess.
�gare (-n, --), owner.
�gg (-et, --), egg.
�gn|a (-ade, -at), devote, dedicate.
�gor, no sing., possessions, estate.
�lg (-en, -ar), elk.
�lsk|a (-ade, -at), to love.
�lskare (-n, --), lover.
�lskling (-en, -ar), darling.
�lskog (-en), love.
�lv (-en, -ar), river.
�lv|a (-an, -or), elf.
�lvkung (-en, -ar), elf king.
�n, yet, then, ever; om --, even if.
�n ... �n, now ... now, either ... or.
�nd|a (-n, -r), end.
�nd�, anyway.
�nk|a (-an, -or), widow.
�nnu, yet.
�ntligen, final.
�ntring (-en), boarding.
�pple (-t, -n), apple.
�r, see vara.
�ra (-n), honor, glory.
�r|a (-ade, -at), to honor.
�rende (-t, -n), errand.
�rlig, honest.
�rrig, scarred.
�rv|a (-de, -t), to inherit.
�tt (-en, -er), family, tribe.
�ttartal (-et, --), descent, ancestry.
�ttefar, �ttefader, progenitor.
�tteh�g (-en, -ar), tribal funeral mound.
�ttekull|e (-en, -ar), barrow, ancestral grave.
�ttel�ngd (-en, -er), pedigree.
�ven, even, also.
�ventyr (-et, --), adventure.
�venv�l, also, likewise.

�.

� (-n, -ar), island.

�de (-t, -n), fate.
�de, deserted, waste.
�dslig, desolate.
�ga (-t, �gon), eye.
�gonblick (-et, --), moment.
�k|en (-nen, -nar), desert.
�l (-et), ale.
�m, tender.
�mk|a (-ade, -at), to pity.
�mkan, indecl., compassion, pity.
�ppen, open, frank.
�ppn|a (-ade, -at), to open.
�ra (-t, �ron), ear.
�rn (-en, -ar), eagle.
�rneving|e (-en, -ar), eagle's wing.
�s|a (-te, -t), to pour.
�ster (-n), east.
�sterut, in the east, towards the east.
�sterv�g (-en, -or), Eastern sea, Baltic.
�ver, over, above, across.
�verallt, everywhere.
�ver|flyga (-fl�g, -flugit, -flugen), to spread over.
�verfl�d (-et), plenty, surplus.
�verfl�g, see �verflyga.
�ver|giva (-gav, -givit, -given), to desert.
�verhand (-en), upper hand, mastery.
�verman (-nen, -m�n), superior.
�vermod (-et), recklessness, arrogance, pride.
�verpr�st (-en, -er), high priest.
�verskygg|a (-de, -t), to overshadow.
�vers�ll|a (-ade, -at), to overstrew.
�vertalare (-n, --), persuader.

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