994

PRACTICE OF AllCIHTECTURE. Book III,

but in the soulli transept at York Cathedral we have a n<;ble instance of this species
(fig
1187.)a double order of columns being emiiloyed, connectid by foliation above the
caiiitals of the columns; this example is of the l:Jth century. As the early style came in,
the columns would of course give place to the mullion, as in the elegant specimen from
St. David's, shown
mfiy.
1 1 88. The two following examples
(_Jiys. 1189. and 1 1 90.
)
from
Westminster, and Winchester Palace, Southwark, are botli of the I 4th century. The fust
Fig. 1189. WESTMINSTtl: A1!1!KV ClllNHI]. Fig 1190. Wl.NCUESTtU I'ALACE, SOL' 1
11
'.V A T K.
is not the oiiginal window, but we have reason to believe it was accurately remade from
tile original one. 1 lie latter is a most elegant arrangement Howing from tlie continued sides
of the central hexagon, and consctjuently
forniing a series of ecjuilateral triangles de-
corated with foliation. It was placed in tlie
gcihle of the great iiall of the ])alace, wliich
liall was s|)anned by a timber roof of very
beautilul and ingenious construction, a Wiw
^ears since destroyed by fire, after which the
w ill containing the window was taken down.
During the period of the three last exam-
ples in this countiy.the Frencii were making
1 i])id stiides towards that era in which their
flanihoyar.t was to l.-e stifled and extin-
guislicd liy the iiitrixluction of the renais-
s nice style, about whicli we liave already
sul)mitti.d some remarks, and produced
some examijles. In the cliurch of St. Ouen,
at Rouen, the circular window
{fg.
1191.),
middle of tlie 14tli century, exhibits tiie
extraordinary dift'erence between French and
Lnglish exainjiles of tlie same date. Beau-
tiful as many of the Enghsli examples undoubtedly are, we know of none that is equal to
this for the easy and elegant flow of the tracery composing it. The leading points it will
be seen are dependent on the hexagon, but, those determined, it appears to liranch otr from
the cehtieVith uncliecked luxuriance, jjreserving, nevertheless, a juirity in its forms quite
in cliaracter with the
ex(iuisite edi(iee it assists to light. The details of this window may
be advantageously studied in Piigin's Antiquities
of
iVormandi/, and in the larger woodcut
given in the sulisequent chajiter.
Besides these exain])les of tirciilar windows, others will he found of varying patterns,
forming the centre pieces in the iieads of large windows, as at the churches of Easby,
Howden, Wellingborough, and at St. Alban's .\bbcy.
M OLLN, I Oil ^
Si:cT. XV
TllACKliV or WINDOWS.
As the perpendicularity of the style changed, at the beginning of the 13th century, from
that wiiich might be termed horizontal, s.) die! the comparatively rude and clumsy form of
its ornament assume a lightness founded on a close observation of nature. Its sculpture
is endowed with life, and its aspiring forms are closely connected with tlie general outlines
bounding the masses. 'I'lie models used for decoration are selected fiom the forest and
the meadow. Among the flowers used for the angular decorations of pinnacles and spires,