INDEX

Introduction
Relation between Degree and Radian
Trigonometric Function
Domain and Range of Trigonometric function
Sine . Co-sine and tangent of Angles
Allied or related angle
Function of negative angles
Formulas regarding Compound angles
Examples Trigonometric Functions of an angle of 18
o

Trigonometric Equations
General Solution of Trigonometric function
EXAMPLES

TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTION
TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTION
Introduction
The word Trigonometry is derived from the Greek words trigon and
metron which means measuring the sides of a Triangle
An angle is the amount of rotation of a revolving line with respect to a fixed
line.
If the rotation is in clockwise direction the angle is negative
And it is positive if the rotation is in the anti-clockwise direction

Usually we follow two types of conventions for measuring angles i.e:
Sexagesimal System
Circular System

The Sexagesimal system, the unit opf measurement is degree if the rotation
from the initial to terminal side is 1/360
th
of the revolution the angles is said to
have a measure of 1
o
. The classification in this system are as follow
1
o
= 60
1= 60

The circular system of measurement the unit of measurement is radian one
radian is the angle subtended at the centre of a circle, by an arc equal in length to
the radius of the circle
The lengths of an arc PQ of a circle of radius r is given by S=ro, where
O is the angle subtended by the arc PQ at the centre of the circle measured
interms of radians
RELATION BETWEEN DEGREE AND RADIAN
The circumference of a circle always bears a constant ratio to its diameter.
This constant ratio is a number denoted by II which is taken approximately as
22/ 7 for all practical purpose

The relationship between degree and radian measure merits is as follow

2 right angle = 180
o
= II radians
1 radians = 180/II = 57
o


1
o
= II / 180 radian = 0.1746 radians (approx)

TRIGIGNOMETRC FUNCTIONS
Def : Trigonometric ratios are defined for acute angles as the ratio of the sides
of a right angled triangles. The extension of trigonometric ratios to any angle in
terms of radian measure (real numbers) are called as Trigonometric function.

The Signs of trigonometric function different quadrants have been given in
the following table

I II III IV
Sing x + + - -
Cos x + - - +
Tan x + - + -
Cosec x + + - -
Sec x + - - +
Cot x + - + -
DOMAIN AND RANGE OF TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTION
FUNCTIONS DOMAINS RANGE
SINE R [-1 . 1]
COSINE R [-1 .1]
TAN
R {(2N+1)

R
COT R {N R
SEC
R- {(2N+1)

R-(-1,1)
COSEC R- {N R-(-1,1)

SINE, COSINE AND TANGENT OF ANGLES LESS THAN 90
0.
O
0
15
0
18
0
30
0
36
0
45
0
60
0
90
0


SINE 0





4
1/2

1/

1
COSINE 1
4

4
1/
0
TAN 0
2-

1/

1

NOT
DEFINED


ALLIED OR RELATED ANGLES
The angles

are called allied or related angles and

are called co-terminal angles for general reducation.
We have the following rules.
The value of an trigonometric function for (

) is numerically equal to,

a. The value of the same function if nis an even integer with algebraic sign
of the function as per the quandrant in which angles lie
b. Corresponding co-function of o if n is an even integer with algebraic sign
of a function for the quadrant in which it lies here sine and cosine; tan and
cot; sec and cosec are co-functions of eachother

FUNCTIONS OR NEGATIVE ANGLES
Let o be any angle then
Sin (-o) = Sino Cos (-o)
Tan (-o) = Tano cot (-o)
Sec (-o) = Seco Cose (-o)

FORMUAE REGARDING COMPOUND ANGLES
The angle made up of the sun or difference of two or more angles is called a
compound angle.
The basic result in this direction are called trigonometric indenties as given
below
i) sin (A+B) = sin A cos B + cos A
ii) sin (A+B) = sin A cos B cos A
iii) cos (A+B) = cos A cos B sin A
iv) cos (A+B) = cos A cos B + sin A
v) ton(A+B) = tan A+ tanB
1-tan A + tanB
vi) tan (A+B) = tan A- tan B
1+tan A tanB
vii) cot (A+B) = cotA.cotB-1
cotA+cotB


The solutions of a trigonometric equation for which 0 are called
principal solutions. The expression involving integer n which gives all
solutions of a trigonometric equation is called the general solution.

GENERAL SOLUTION OF T.F.
1. If, Sin for some angle x, then, for NZ given
general sol of the given equation
2. If COS0 = COS X for some angle X then, .
3. If tan0 =tan X for cot0=cotx, then n
4. The general value of 0 satisfying any equations sin
2
0 = sin
2
X, cos
2
0 = cos
2
X and
tan
2
0 = tan
2
X is g.b.0= n.
5. The general value of 0 satisfying equations sin0=sinx and cos0=cosx,
simultaneously g.b.
6. To find the solution of an equation of the form Acos0 + Bsin0 = C we put,
A=rcosX & B=rsinX , so that R
2
= a
2
+b
2
and tanX = b/a

Acos0 +bsin0 =c changed into the form r(cos0.cosX +sin0. sinX) =c or
R(cos(0-X)) = C and hence cos (0-X) = c/r this gives the solution of the given
equation.

Maximum and minimum values of the expression Acos0+ Bsin0 are

2

2

2
.
Respectively where A&B are constants.










EXAMPLES

1) Solve the equation sin0 +sin30 + sin50

We have


Sin 0 + Sin30 +Sin50 =0
(Sin0 +Sin50) + Sin30 =0
2 Sin 6 . Cos(-40) + Sin 30 =0
2

2 Sin 30 .Cos20 + Sin30 =0
Sin 30 (2Cos20 +1) =0

Sin30 =0 1+2cos20=0
2cos20 = -1
Cos20 = -1/2

When, Sin3 0 =0
Then, 30 +n or
0= n
When , Cos 20 = = Cos 2

Then 20 + n 2

Or 0= n

Which gives 0= (3n+1) or 0= (3n-1)

All these values of 0 are contained in 0= n

Hence, the required so;ution set is g.b.

{

}.



2. If, xcos0 =Y cos ( ) = z cos ( ) then
Find the value of xy +yz +zx.

Note that,
Ans: xy+yz+zx =xyz [

]
If, we put,
Xcos=y cos{+ = Z cos{+ } =K
Then,

X= K Y = K
Cos. Cos{

}

Z= K