Tutorial 1 Introduction

1. A base load station having a capacity of 18 MW and a standby station having a capacity of 20 MW share a
common load. Find the annual load factors and plant capacity factors of two stations from the following
data
Annual standby station output ! ".#$ % 10
&
'Wh
Annual base load station output ! 101.#$ % 10
&
'Wh
(ea' load on standby station ! 12 MW
)ours of use by standby station* year ! 21+0 hours
Answer [For standby station: annual load factors = 28 %, annual plant capacity factors = !2 %
[For "ase load station: annual load factors = #!2 %, annual plant capacity factors = #!2 %$
2. A generating station has a ma%imum demand of 2$ MW, a load factor of &0 -, a plant capacity factor of $0
- and a plant use factor of "2-.. Find
i% .he reserve capacity of the plant [& '($
ii% .he daily energy produced [)#* '(+$
iii% Ma%imum energy that could be produced daily if the plant while running as per schedule, were
fully loaded. [&**'(+$
#. A generating station has the following daily load cycle
.ime /hr0 0 1 & & 1 10 10 1 12 12 1 1& 1& 1 20 20 1 22
3oad /MW0 20 $0 &0 $0 "0 20
4raw the load curve and find
i% Ma%.demand [,* '($
ii% 5nits generated per day [1!2 '(+$
iii% Average load [ &* '($
i-% 3oad factor [,1! %$
2. 6t has been desired to install a diesel power station to supply power in a suburban area having the following
particulars
.i% 1000 houses with average connected load of 17$ 'W in each house. .he demand factor and diversity
factor being 072 and 27$ respectively.
.ii% 10 factories having overall ma%imum demand of +0 'W.
.iii% " tubewells of " 'W each and operating together in the morning.
.he diversity factor among above three types of consumers is 172. What should be the minimum
capacity of power station 8
[#1#/($
$. A power station has a daily load cycle as under
2&0 MW for & hours 9 200 MW for 8 hours 1&0 MW for 2 hours, 100 MW for & hours.
6f the power station is e:uipped with 2 sets of "$ MW each, calculate
.i% daily load factor [,*!&%$
.ii% plant capacity factor and [#1!1%$
.iii% daily re:uirement if the calorific value of oil used were 10,000 'cal*'g and the average heat rate of
station were 28&0 'cal*'Wh.
[12&8!tons$
&. A generating station is to supply four regions of load whose pea' loads are 10 MW, $ MW, 8 MW and "
MW. .he diversity factor at the station is 17$ and the average annual load factor is &0-. ;alculate
.i% the ma%imum demand on the station.
[2*'($
.ii% annual energy supplied by the station.
[1*&!12T(+$
.iii% <uggest the installed capacity and the number of units.
". .he load duration curve for a typical heavy load being served by a combined hydro1steam system may be
appro%imated by a straight line9 ma%imum and minimum loads being &0,000 'W and 20,000 'W
respectively. .he hydro power available at the time of minimum regulated flow is =ust sufficient to ta'e a
pea' load of $0,000 'Wh per day. 6t is observed that it will be economical to pump water from tail race to
the reservoir by utilising the steam power plant during the off1pea' periods and thus running the station at
100- load factor. 4etermine the ma%imum capacity of each type of plant. Assume the efficiency of steam
conversion to be &0-.
Answer [0apacity of +ydro plant = 2*'(, capacity of stea1 plant = *'($
8. A d.c. #1wire system is to be converted into a #1phase, 21wire system by adding a fourth wire e:ual in >1
section to each outer of the d.c. system. 6f the percentage power loss and voltage at the consumer?s
terminals are to be the same in the two cases, find the e%tra power at unity power factor that can be
supplied by the a.c. system. Assume loads to be balanced.
[&*%$
+. A $0'm long transmission line supplies a load of $ M@A at 078 p.f. lagging at ##'@. .he efficiency of
transmission is +0-. ;alculate the volume of aluminium conductor re:uired for the line when
.i% single phase, 21wire system is used
[1#!)&c1
)
$
.ii% #1phase, #1wire system is used.
[12!2,c1
)
$
.he specific resistance of aluminium is 278$ A 10
B8
C m.