AM SSB A.J.

Wilkinson, UCT EEE3086F Signals and Systems II

508 Page 1 April 14, 2014
EEE3086F
Signals and Systems II
2014
A.J. Wilkinson
andrew.wilkinson@uct.ac.za
http:www.ee.uct.ac.za
!epart"ent o# $lectrical $n%ineerin%
Uni&ersit' o# Cape Town
AM SSB A.J.Wilkinson, UCT EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 2 April 14, 2014
5.4 Single Sideband Modulation (SSB
(.).* SSB concepts
(.).+ SSB %eneration &ia side,and #ilterin%
(.).- SSB %eneration usin% ./hase Shi#t Method0
(.).) SSB %eneration usin% Wea&er1s "ethod
(.).( !e"odulation o# SSB
(.).2 SSB34C 5with carrier6
Contents
AM SSB A.J.Wilkinson, UCT EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 3 April 14, 2014
5.4.1 SSB !on"e#ts
A.J.Wilkinson, UCT AM SSB EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 4 April 14, 2014
Sin%le Side,and Modulation 5SSB6
DSB-SC/LC requires an RF bandwidth of twice the audio
bandwidth.
In DSB-SC/LC, there are two sidebands on either side of the
carrier.
Reca
!" #B
f ( t )cos
c
t
$
#
F( +
c
)+
$
#
F(
c
)
N P
N P
N = neg components
P = pos components
DSB-SC
c

c

B !"
USB LSB
N
P
% & F
A.J.Wilkinson, UCT AM SSB EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 5 April 14, 2014
Sin%le Side,and Modulation 5SSB6
For an' R()L-*aued si+na there e,ists
-con.u+ate s'//etr'0 in the Fourier 1ransfor/, i.e.
1hus )LL infor/ation is contained in either the 2ositi*e or
the ne+ati*e frequenc' co/2onents.
3e therefore need on' trans/it a sin+e sideband.
% &t f
F=F
4

sideband Upper
c

or
sideband Lower
c

A.J.Wilkinson, UCT AM SSB EEE3086F Signals and Systems II

508 Page 6 April 14, 2014
Spectru" o# !SB3SC si%nal
sideband
Lower
sideband
Upper
N
% & F
m

SC DSB
sideband
Lower
sideband
Upper
m

c

c

N P N P

m
=# B
A.J.Wilkinson, UCT AM SSB EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 7 April 14, 2014
Spectru" o# SSB si%nal 5upper side,and6
n!" Sideband Upper
c

c

N
P
USB
% &
+

SSB

m

m

N P
#econstr$cted signa!
%he SSB signa! can be demod$!ated b" trans!ation
of the spectra! components to the origin&
A.J.Wilkinson, UCT AM SSB EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 8 April 14, 2014
Spectru" o# SSB si%nal 5lower side,and6
5ote6 1he time domain 7SB and LSB si+nas are rea-*aued since
con.u+ate s'//etr' in frequenc' do/ain hods, i.e.
N
n!" Sideband Lower
c


c

m

m

LSB
'
SSB
()='
SSB
4
( )
SSB
(t )Re
N P
'
SSB

#econstr$cted signa!
A.J.Wilkinson, UCT AM SSB EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 9 April 14, 2014
SSB Applications
SSB sa*es bandwidth.
SSB uses haf the bandwidth of DSB-LC )8.
1his aows /ore channes to fit into a radio band.
SSB is used for radio broadcasts in the shortwa(e bands
&9-9: 8!"%
SSB is used for6
Lon+-ran+e co//unications b' shi2s and aircraft.
;oice trans/issions b' a/ateur radio o2erators
LSB SSB is +enera' used beow < 8!" and 7SB SSB abo*e
< 8!".
AM SSB A.J.Wilkinson, UCT EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 10 April 14, 2014
5.4.2 SSB gene$ation %ia sideband &ilte$ing
A.J.Wilkinson, UCT AM SSB EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 11 April 14, 2014
SSB 7eneration 8ia 9ilterin% 5.#ilterin% "ethod06
=enerate DSB-SC Si+na
)22' B>F to e,tract desired sideband.
:

% &t
DSB

cos
c
t
% & Fiter
Sideband
)
% &t f
% &t
SSB

% & F
A.J.Wilkinson, UCT AM SSB EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 12 April 14, 2014
SSB 7eneration 8ia 9ilterin%
c

'
DSB

:
:
)
c

c

c

c

'
SSB

:
c

Sideband fi!ter
A.J.Wilkinson, UCT AM SSB EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 13 April 14, 2014
SSB 7eneration 8ia 9ilterin%
5ote6 If f&t% has ow frequenc' co/2onents +oin+ down to
DC, then a sideband fiter with a *ar' shar2 ro off is
required
It is 5?1 so eas' to buid a fiter with a shar2 ro off.
1his is 5?1 such a bi+ 2robe/ if does not contain
frequenc' co/2onents cose to "ero as de2icted in the
2re*ious and foowin+ iustrations.
% & F
'
SSB
='
DSBSC
)
Fi!ter
Sideband
A.J.Wilkinson, UCT AM SSB EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 14 April 14, 2014
SSB 7eneration: 9ilter roll o## pro,le"
>robe/atic Case
Less >robe/atic if no ow freq co/2onents in F&%
% & F
:
% &
SC DSB

:
% & F
% &
SC DSB

%he gap between sidebands

a!!ows re!a*ed fi!ter ro!! off&
Need
+bric, wa!!-
fi!ter
A.J.Wilkinson, UCT AM SSB EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 15 April 14, 2014
SSB 7eneration: 9ilter roll o## pro,le"
1he ro off 2robe/ worsens if sideband fiterin+ is to be i/2e/ented at
hi+h frequencies. 1he required fiter ro off in dB/decade increases as the
centre frequenc' of F&-
c
% increases.
Fiterin+ 2robe/ can be ae*iated b' usin+ a two-sta+e /i,in+ 2rocess
for -u2-con*ersion0 in a trans/itter. ) si/iar a22roach is used in the
conte,t of /utista+e down-con*ersion &heterod'nin+%.
$ BPF
# LSB
$

$ #

#

$ #
+
# BPF
+ SSB

Desired
SSB Si+na
# USB
% & F
Note. #adiated SSB signa! is centred on
#
+
$
+# B/ #
#B :
A.J.Wilkinson, UCT AM SSB EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 16 April 14, 2014
Two3sta%e SSB Trans"itter
F ()
# B
:
:
:
:

#
+
$
'
SSB/
()
:
:

#
First /i,er
?ut2ut of $st sta+e

$
(
#
+
$
) (
#

$
)

#
+
$
:
(
#
+
$
)
?ut2ut of #nd sta+e
#nd /i,er
B>F$ &accurate' i/2e/ented at a ower
frequenc' than the fina RF si+na%
B>F#
$
#@

A.J.Wilkinson, UCT AM SSB EEE3086F Signals and Systems II

508 Page 17 April 14, 2014
Two3sta%e SSB Trans"itter
1he +a2 between the 7SB and the LSB at the in2ut to the fina B>F is
+reater if a two sta+e desi+n is used &i.e. the +a2 between LSB# and
7SB# enterin+ B>F# A see sBetch% .
1his /uti-sta+e u2-con*ersion technique, athou+h used here to
+enerate SSB, is +enera' used to transate &or -heterod'ne0% si+nas to
hi+her frequencies &for a /oduation techniques%.

SSB

t
$
cos
$ BPF
% &t f

t
#
cos
# BPF
0
s t
Sideband
fi!ter
1nd Sideband
fi!ter
A.J.Wilkinson, UCT AM SSB EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 18 April 14, 2014
7eneration o# SSB Si%nal 5#ilterin% "ethod6
Fiterin+ 8ethod6
'
SSB
( )='
DSBSC
()) ( )
Fi!ter
Sideband
t
c
cos

SSB
(t )=
[
f (t )cos
c
t
]
h(t )

BPF
% &t f

SSB
(t )
A.J.Wilkinson, UCT AM SSB EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 19 April 14, 2014
9re:uenc' spectru" o# SSB %enerated ,' 9ilterin%
'
SSB
( ) = '
DSBSC
())( )
For the USB case 2ass$ming fi!ter passband gain is 03&
'
SSB+
()=
$
#
F

( +
c
)+
$
#
F
+
(
c
)
For the LSB case&
=
[
$
#
F( +
c
)+
$
#
F (
c
)
]
) ()
'
SSB
( )=
$
#
F
+
( +
c
)+
$
#
F

(
c
)
A.J.Wilkinson, UCT AM SSB EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 20 April 14, 2014
9re:uenc' spectru" o# SSB %enerated ,' 9ilterin%
N
m

m

P
SSB Sideband Upper
c

c

P
USB
% &
+

SSB
N
'
SSB+
()=
$
#
F

( +
c
)+
$
#
F
+
(
c
)
$
#
F

(+
c
)
$
#
F
+
(
c
)
% &
+
F
% & % & % &
+
+ = F F F

% &

F
AM SSB A.J.Wilkinson, UCT EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 21 April 14, 2014
5.4.3 'lte$nati%e met(od &o$ gene$ating SSB
using t(e )*(ase S(i&t Met(od+
(,no-n as t(e ).a$tley Modulato$+
A.J.Wilkinson, UCT AM SSB EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 22 April 14, 2014
7eneration o# SSB; Si%nal 5phase shi#t "ethod6
Let
where re2resents the ne+ati*e frequenc' co/2onents,
and re2resents the 2ositi*e frequenc' co/2onents.
)n SSBC Fourier s2ectru/ can be constructed fro/46
In*erse transfor/in+ we +et
% & % & % &
+
+ = F F F
% & % & % &
c c SSB
F F + + =
+
+
% &
+
F
% &

F
t 4 t 4
SSB
c c
e t f e t f t

% & % & % &
+
+
+ =
% & % &
% & % &

+ +

F t f
F t f
5NB. we ha(e dropped the
factor of 60718 present if
the SSB signa! is deri(ed
b" sideband fi!tering
$sing a $nit"-gain BPF&
A.J.Wilkinson, UCT AM SSB EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 23 April 14, 2014
N
m

m

P
SSB Sideband Upper
c

c

P
USB
% &
+

SSB
N
% & % & % &
c c SSB
F F + + =
+
+
% &
c
F +

% &
c
F
+
% &
+
F
% & % & % &
+
+ = F F F

% &

F
A.J.Wilkinson, UCT AM SSB EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 24 April 14, 2014
7eneration o# SSB; Si%nal 5phase shi#t "ethod6
( ) ( )
t t f t t f
t t 4f t 4f t t f t f
t t 4f t t f t t 4f t t f
e t f e t f t
c c
c c
c c c c
t 4 t 4
SSB
c c

sin % &
D
cos % &
sin % & % & cos % & % &
sin % & cos % & sin % & cos % &
% & % & % &
=
+ + =
+ + =
+ =
+ +
+ +
+
+
and
% & % & % & t f t f t f
+
+ = % & % & % &
D
t 4f t 4f t f
+
+ where
{

f (t )}=F( )=4F
+
( )+ 4F

()
=
{
4F( ) for :
4F( ) for <:
9f we transform:
we get.
A.J.Wilkinson, UCT AM SSB EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 25 April 14, 2014
<il,ert Trans#or"
)()=
{
4 for :
4 for <:
)( )=
{
e
4; /#
for :
e
4; / #
for <:
#e-e*pressed as.
<e see that this operation is a -=> deg phase shifter:
operating o(er a!! fre?$enc" components in F23&
-=> deg
% &t f
% &t f
% & )
% &
D
t f

f (t )
%he fre?$enc" domain operations can be e*pressed as a
transfer f$nction operation: ,nown as the +)i!bert %ransform-
2the )i!bert %ransform of f2t3 3
# /
# /
%E & ar+F )
A.J.Wilkinson, UCT AM SSB EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 26 April 14, 2014
7eneration o# SSB Si%nal
t t f t t f t
c c SSB
sin % &
D
cos % & % & =
+
1he G indicates that each
frequenc' co/2onent in F&H%
is dea'ed b' <:
:
t t f t t f t
c c SSB
sin % &
D
cos % & % & + =

@ simi!ar ana!"sis for generating !ower sideband SSB:

re(ea!s
Upper sideband SSB.
A.J.Wilkinson, UCT AM SSB EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 27 April 14, 2014
<ardware ="ple"entation o# /hase Shi#t Method 5SSB6
5known as the .<artle' Modulator06
+

t
c
cos
:
<:

% &t f
:
<:

t t f
c
sin % &
D
t
c
sin

t t f
c
cos % &
% &t
SSB

>hase shift )LL frequenc' co/2onents in f&t% b'

-<:
:
&i.e. dea' b' <: de+rees%
% &
D
t f
Aither add to
get SSB-
or s$btract to
get SSB/
A.J.Wilkinson, UCT AM SSB EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 28 April 14, 2014
For the s2ecia case of a sinusoida /oduatin+ si+na, a /ore
direct wa' to obtain the e,2ression for SSB is to e,2and usin+
tri+ identities6
t t t t
t t
c m c m
c m SSB


sin sin cos cos
I % cosJ& % &
=
+ =
+
t t t t
t t
c m c m
c m SSB


sin sin cos cos
I % cosJ& % &
+ =
+ =

USB
LSB
%hese e*pressions can easi!" be con(erted to a b!oc, diagram
A.J.Wilkinson, UCT AM SSB EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 29 April 14, 2014
Co""ent
In the 2hase shift /ethod, one is essentia' +eneratin+ a DSB-
SC si+na &u22er ar/% and then either addin+ or subtractin+
the si+na fro/ the ower ar/ to cance out either the u22er or
the ower sideband.
1his /ethod requires a broadband <: de+ree 2hase shifter to
obtain . 1his can be tricB' to i/2e/ent 2ractica'.
5ote6 1he SSB frequenc' s2ectru/ obtained *ia the 2hase
shift /ethod is /athe/atica' equi*aent to that obtained b'
2assin+ the DSB-SC throu+h a sideband fiter )&%, which has
a 2assband +ain of two.
% &
D
t f
AM SSB A.J.Wilkinson, UCT EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 30 April 14, 2014
5.4.4 SSB /ene$ation using 0ea%e$1s Met(od
(t(is met(od does not $e2ui$e a b$oad3band
#(ase s(i&te$
?ri+ina 2a2er6
K) 1hird 8ethod of =eneration and Detection of Sin+e-Sideband Si+nasK
D L 3ea*er, >roc. IR(, Dec. $<MN
A.J.Wilkinson, UCT AM SSB EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 31 April 14, 2014
SSB <ardware ="ple"entation usin% a .Wea&er Modulator0
+

:
<:

SSB
(t )
Aither add to
get SSB/
or s$btract to
get SSB-

:
<:

sin
$
t
L>F
L>F
1he L>F cut off frequenc' is B/# !" where B is bandwidth of f&t%.
If f&t% ies between DC and B !", then

$
=# B/ #= B
f (t )
sin
#
t
cos
$
t
cos
#
t
A.J.Wilkinson, UCT AM SSB EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 32 April 14, 2014
Wea&er1s Method #or %eneratin% SSB
F()
:

$
:
:

#
:
1ransate to eft b'
$
.
)22' L>F, bandwidth B/#.
1ransate to ri+ht b'
#
.
)dd in ne+ati*e
frequenc'
co/2onents.
[ f (t )e
4
$
t
]
LPF
*(t )=
*(t )+*
4
(t )

B ()+B
4
()
B ()
[ f (t )e
4
$
t
]
LPF
e
4
#
t
A.J.Wilkinson, UCT AM SSB EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 33 April 14, 2014
!eri&ation o# Wea&er1s Method #or %eneratin% SSB
1o create an u22er sideband SSB si+na, we find the ti/e-
do/ain equi*aent of the foowin+ frequenc' do/ain
o2erations6
1ransate s2ectru/ F&% to the eft b' a/ount
$

>ass throu+h a ow 2ass fiter of bandwidth B/#, re/o*in+ unwanted

band.
1ransate to the ri+ht b' a/ount
#
.

)dd in ne+ati*e frequenc' co/2onents i.e. add O4&-%.

Con*ert the abo*e to equi*aent rea ti/e do/ain o2erations6
f (t )e
4
$
t
[ f (t )e
4
$
t
]
LPF
*(t )=[ f (t )e
4
$
t
]
LPF
e
4
#
t

$
{ B ()+ B
4
()}=*(t )+*
4
(t )
A.J.Wilkinson, UCT AM SSB EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 34 April 14, 2014
!eri&ation o# Wea&er1s Method #or %eneratin% SSB
Con*ert the to rea ti/e do/ain o2erations6
3ritin+ co/2act' and re-arran+in+6
)ddin+ the con.u+ate, to +et the rea SSBC si+na6
Dro2 factor of two, and draw as the bocB dia+ra/.
*(t )=[ f (t )(cos
$
t 4 sin
$
t )]
LPF
(cos
#
t + 4 sin
#
t )
*(t )={[ f C
$
]
LPF
4 [ f S
$
]
LPF
}(C
#
+ 4 S
#
)
*(t )={ [ f C
$
]
LPF
C
#
+[ f S
$
]
LPF
S
#
}+ 4 { [ f C
$
]
LPF
S
#
[ f S
$
]
LPF
C
#
}
*(t )+*
4
(t )=#{ [ f C
$
]
LPF
C
#
+[ f S
$
]
LPF
S
#
}
*(t )=[ f (t )e
4
$
t
]
LPF
e
4
#
t
(t ) =[ f (t )cos
$
t ]
LPF
cos
#
t +[ f (t )sin
$
t ]
LPF
sin
#
t
C
n
cos
n
t
S
n
sin
n
t
*(t )+*
4
(t )
A.J.Wilkinson, UCT AM SSB EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 35 April 14, 2014
Wea&er1s Method #or %eneratin% SSB
3ea*erPs /ethod does not require a broad-band 2hase shifter &for f&t%%
iBe in the !arte' /oduator. 1he quadrature si+nas can be created with
a narrow-band 2hase shifter. 1he quadrature si+nas can aso be created
without a <: de+ree 2hase shifter A there are ce*er quadrature osciator
circuits.
3ea*erPs /ethod is the 2referred /ethod for di+ita i/2e/entation.
1he out2ut s2ectru/ can be ana'sed b' tracBin+ the 2ath of the in2ut
si+na throu+h the /oduator &a +ood tutoria e,ercise%. i.e. sBetch
s2ectru/ at each 2oint in the dia+ra/.
De2endin+ on whether the si+na fro/ the ower ar/ is added or
subtracted fro/ the u22er ar/, either u22er or ower sideband SSB is
obtained.
)ddition QR u22er sideband. Subtraction QR ower sideband.
1he desired sideband is centred on
#
.
AM SSB A.J.Wilkinson, UCT EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 36 April 14, 2014
5.4.5 4emodulation o& SSB
A.J.Wilkinson, UCT AM SSB EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 37 April 14, 2014
!e"odulation o# SSB
De/oduation of the SSB si+na
can be done b' /i,in+ with a cos&
c
t%.
&as is done for DSB-SC de/oduation%
1his is eas' to see b' +ra2hica con*oution.
t t f t t f t
c c SSB
sin % &
D
cos % & % & =

% &t
SSB

t
c
cos

LPF
% &
:
t e
A.J.Wilkinson, UCT AM SSB EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 38 April 14, 2014
!e"odulation o# SSB; Si%nal
% &
+

SSB
% &t
SSB

t
c
cos

LPF
% &
:
t e
c

c

c
#
c
#
LPF
:
:

c

:


con(o!(e
Upper sideband
$
#@

A.J.Wilkinson, UCT AM SSB EEE3086F Signals and Systems II

508 Page 39 April 14, 2014
!e"odulation o# SSB3 Si%nal
% &t
SSB

t
c
cos

LPF
% &
:
t e
c
#
LPF
:

c

% &

SSB
c
:

:

con(o!(e
Lower sideband
c

c
#
c

$
#@

A.J.Wilkinson, UCT AM SSB EEE3086F Signals and Systems II

508 Page 40 April 14, 2014
!e"odulation o# SSB Si%nal
=
$
#
f (t )+
$
#
f ( t )cos #H
c
t
$
#

f (t )sin #H
c
t
?ut2ut of L>F e
:
(t )=
$
#
f ( t )

SSB+
( t )cos
c
t = f (t )cos
c
#
t

f (t )sin
c
t cos
c
t
A.J.Wilkinson, UCT AM SSB EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 41 April 14, 2014
!e"odulation o# SSB
(ffect of 2hase and frequenc' errors.
Let
De/oduate with
(,2and 2roduct6
Frequenc' (rror
cos[
c
Ct D ]

SSB+
( t )=f ( t )cos
c
t

f (t )sin
c
t
>hase (rror
[ f t cos
c
t

f t sin
c
t ] cos[
c
Ct D ]
=
$
#
f t {cos Ct D cos[ #H
c
t Ct D ]}

$
#

f t {sin Ct D sin[ #H
c
t Ct D ]}
A.J.Wilkinson, UCT AM SSB EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 42 April 14, 2014
!e"odulation o# SSB
)fter L>F
ChecB6
C=:
case
e
:
t =
$
#
f t cos Ct D
$
#

f t sin Ct D
and
D =:
}

e
:
t =
$
#
f t
2which is what we e*pect3
%his res$!t re?$ires some interpretation
A.J.Wilkinson, UCT AM SSB EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 43 April 14, 2014
Case o# /hase $rror onl' 5i.e. , 6
1o see what effect this has on f&t%, consider a sin+e frequenc'
co/2onent in f&t%.
i.e. consider
1he 2hasor dia+ra/ shows the reationshi2s.
f t
C=:
e
:
t =
$
#
f t cos D
$
#

f t sin D
D :
=
m
f ( t )=e
4
m
t
f t e
4D
f t

f (t )

m
D

f ( t )=( 4 )e
4
m
t
A.J.Wilkinson, UCT AM SSB EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 44 April 14, 2014
Case o# /hase $rror onl' 5i.e. , 6
5ote6 (ach frequenc' co/2onent in f&t% wi be 2hase shifted b' the
constant , i.e. 2hase distortion across band.
1he hu/an ear is insensiti*e to 2hase dea's, and so s2eech or /usic wi
sound fine.

: = :
e
:
( t )=
$
#
e
4
m
t
cos D+
$
#
(4 )e
4
m
t
sin D
=
$
#
e
4
m
t
( cos D 4 sin D )
=
$
#
e
4
m
t
e
4D
=
$
#
f ( t )e
4D
A.J.Wilkinson, UCT AM SSB EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 45 April 14, 2014
Case o# #re:uenc' $rror 5i.e. , 6
Considerin+ a sin+e frequenc' co/2onent6
e
:
( t )=
$
#
f ( t )cos Ct +
$
#

f (t )sin Ct
f ( t )=e
4
m
t
e
:
( t )=
$
#
e
4
m
t
cos Ct +
$
#
( 4 )e
4
m
t
sin Ct
=
$
#
e
4
m
t
( cos Ct 4 sin Ct )
=
$
#
e
4
m
t
e
4Ct
=
$
#
e
4 (
m
C)t
fre? shift error
C
:
: =
A.J.Wilkinson, UCT AM SSB EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 46 April 14, 2014
Case #re:uenc' $rror
1hus an error in the de/oduator osciator frequenc' causes a
shift in the s2ectru/ of the reco*ered si+na.
S/a frequenc' errors are toerabe in so/e a22ications.
3ith *oice, a frequenc' shift can /aBe a s2eaBer sound iBe
Donad DucBS

SSB is used for broadcast radio in the so-caed -short wa*e0

bands.
A.J.Wilkinson, UCT AM SSB EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 47 April 14, 2014
!e"odulation o# SSB > 9re: !o"ain /erspecti&e
Frequenc' do/ain 2ers2ecti*e on osciator 2hase and
frequenc' errors.
Let
Let
Let
d
(t )=cos [(
c
+C)t +D ]

d
( )=;e
4D
E( +
c
+C)+;e
4D
E(
c
C)
F
F( )=F
+
()+F

( )

SSB+
( )=F
+
(
c
)+F

( +
c
)
F

:
F

2demod$!ator osci!!ator3
A.J.Wilkinson, UCT AM SSB EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 48 April 14, 2014
!e"odulation o# SSB
% &
c
F +

c
+
c
c

c

% &
+

SSB
:
:

c

% &
c
F
+
?sciator 3ith >hase and Frequenc' (rror &ne+ freq error%
% &
d

$
#
F

(C) e
4D
C
:

% &
:
e
$
#
F
+
( +C)e
4D

4
e

4
e
Con(o!(e.
$tp$t
A.J.Wilkinson, UCT AM SSB EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 49 April 14, 2014
!e"odulation o# SSB
?ut2ut6
Concude6
1he frequenc' error resuts in a frequenc' co/2onents bein+
transated b' . 1he 2hase error resuts in a co/2onents
bein+ 2hase shifted b' .
C
e
:
( )=
{
'
SSB
+
()'
d
( )
$
#@
}
)
LPF
()
e
:
( )=
$
#
F
+
( +C)e
4D
+
$
#
F

( C)e
4D
AM SSB A.J.Wilkinson, UCT EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 50 April 14, 2014
5.4.6 Single Sideband 5a$ge3!a$$ie$
(SSB35!
A.J.Wilkinson, UCT AM SSB EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 51 April 14, 2014
SSB34C 54ar%e Carrier SSB6
)ows reco*er' of f&t% *ia en*eo2e detection.

5eeds ar+er carrier than DSB-LC &e*en /ore wastefu of

2ower%.
carrier
SSB
t t f t t f t @ t
c c c
sin % &
D
cos % & cos % & + =
en(e!ope
% &t r
% &t r
f (t )+@
% &
D
t f

c
>hasor
re2resentation
A.J.Wilkinson, UCT AM SSB EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 52 April 14, 2014
SSB34C 54ar%e Carrier SSB6
r (t )=

[ @+ f (t )]
#
+[

f (t )]
#
(t )=r ( t )cos[
c
t +D( t )]
(t )=( @+ f (t )) cos
c
t

f (t )sin
c
t
@cos *+Bsin *=C cos( *+D )
where C=

@
#
+B
#
and D=arctan(B/ @)
A*press
SSB-LC as
@pp!" trig
identit"
%h$s: write as
where
A.J.Wilkinson, UCT AM SSB EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 53 April 14, 2014
SSB34C 54ar%e Carrier SSB6
Si+na of For/
where the en*eo2e &i.e. /a+ of resutant 2hasor% is
For
@RR f (t )
r (t )=

[ @+ f (t )]
#
+[

f (t )]
#
=[ @
#
+ f
#
( t )+# @f ( t )+

f
#
( t )]
$
#
=@
[
$+
f
#
( t )
@
#
+
#f ( t )
@
+

f
#
(t )
@
#
]
$
#
(t )=r ( t )cos[
c
t +D( t )]
r (t )@
[
$+
#f (t )
@
]
$
#
A.J.Wilkinson, UCT AM SSB EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 54 April 14, 2014
SSB34C 54ar%e Carrier SSB6
r (t )@+ f (t ) %h$s
* TT$
($+*)
n
=$+n *+
$
#S
n(n$) *
#
+
r (t )@
[
$+
# f (t )
@
]
$
#
=@
[
$+
$
#

# f (t )
@
+
]
@
[
$+
f (t )
@
]
for @RR f (t )
*
#f (t )
@
%his shows that f2t3 can be reco(ered from SSB-LC
b" en(e!ope detection
)22' series
e,2ansion6
($+*)
$/ #
=$+
$
#
*
$
U
*
#
+
5ote6 If
one can o/it
hi+her order
ter/s..
AM SSB A.J.Wilkinson, UCT EEE3086F Signals and Systems II
508 Page 55 April 14, 2014
EEE3086F
Signals and Systems II
$nd o# handout