Summer 2003 C3A Group 1

1.

You are required to carry out a series of qualitative reactions to identify salt A, a compound of
an s-block element.
Identification of an s-block compound.
You are provided with a sample of a salt, A, of an s-block element. This is labelled Solid A.
Carry out the following tests, recording your observations and inferences in the spaces provided.
(a)

Carry out a flame test on solid A.

Observation

Inference

(2)

(b)

To about one quarter of solid A add about 2 cm3 of dilute, aqueous hydrochloric acid. Test
any gas evolved with lime water.
Observation

Inference

(4)

(c)

Dissolve half of the remainder of solid A in about 5 cm3 of water and add 4 drops of
phenolphthalein indicator. Separate the solution into two equal portions and boil one
gently for two minutes.
Observations

Inferences

(3)
(Total 9 marks)

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Summer 2003 C3A Group 1

2.

You are required to carry out a quantitative exercise to determine the molar mass of an acid, C,
and hence to identify it.
Quantitative exercise to find the molar mass of an acid, and hence to identify it.
You are provided with:

solution B, aqueous sodium hydroxide of concentration 0.500 mol dm3;

solution C, an aqueous solution of a dibasic acid H2X of concentration 23.40 g dm3;
phenolphthalein indicator.

You are required to titrate portions of solution C with solution B.

H2X(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) Na2X(aq) + 2H2O(l)
Procedure
1.

Rinse out and fill the burette with solution B.

2.

Rinse out the pipette with solution C. Use the pipette to transfer 25.0 cm3 of solution C to
a conical flask. Add 4 drops of phenolphthalein indicator to the conical flask.

3.

Titrate solution C with solution B until the end point is reached.

4.

Record your burette readings in Table 1.

5.

Repeat the procedure and attempt to obtain two titres that differ by no more than
0.20 cm3 Record all your burette readings in Table 1.
Table 1
1

Burette reading (final)

Burette reading (initial)
Titre / cm3
List the numbers of the titrations that you will use to calculate the mean (or average) titre.
Calculate a mean titre.
Write the value of your mean titre in the space below.
........................... cm3 of solution B react with 25.0 cm3 of solution C.
(12)

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Summer 2003 C3A Group 1

Calculations and questions

(a)

Calculate the concentration, in mol dm3, of the acid in solution C.

(3)

(b)

Use the answer to part (a) and the mass concentration of 23.40 g dm3, to calculate the
molar mass of the acid in solution C, and hence identify it from the suggested
possibilities. Circle the structure of C in the list below.
Calculation of molar mass of acid C.

Structure of C
COOH
COOH
COOH
COOH

CH 2
CH 2
COOH

CH 2
COOH
(2)

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Summer 2003 C3A Group 1

(c)

In preparation for the examination the pipettes have been cleaned and rinsed with distilled
water. What is the purpose behind the rinsing instruction in step 2 of the procedure? What
could be the effect upon the titration had a candidate not carried out this rinsing?
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(3)
(Total 20 marks)

3.

You are required to carry out a quantitative exercise to determine the molar enthalpy change
when the compound A reacts with a solution of the acid C.
Quantitative exercise to find the enthalpy change when solid A reacts with a solution of C.
You are provided with:

A sample tube containing solid A, labelled Solid A;

Solution C.

Procedure
1.

Use a measuring cylinder to measure 60 cm3 of solution C into a polystyrene cup securely
held in a beaker. Place the thermometer into the solution.

2.

Weigh accurately the sample tube containing solid A. Record this mass in Table 1.

3.

Measure the temperature of the solution in the cup to the nearest 0.2 C. Record this in
Table 2.

4.

Empty the solid from the sample tube into the solution and stir with the thermometer until
the solid has dissolved and record the final temperature to the nearest 0.2 C. Record this
in Table 2.

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Summer 2003 C3A Group 1

5.

Reweigh the empty sample tube and record the mass in Table 1; calculate the actual mass
of solid A transferred, and record this in Table 1.
Table 1
Mass of tube + solid A

Mass of tube after transfer

Mass of solid A used

g
(3)

Table 2
Temperature of solution before adding solid A, T1

Temperature of solution after adding solid A, T2

Calculate the temperature change T by subtracting T1 from T2.

T = T2 Tl = ................................ C
(6)

Calculation and question

(a)

Calculate the molar enthalpy change of the reaction, H, using the formula:
H =

5.04 4.18 T
kJ mol1
mass of A used (g)

(3)

(b)

Consider the values given in the formula in part (a). Would the result for H be more
accurate if the mass of A were known to 4 decimal places? Give a reason.
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(2)
(Total 14 marks)

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Summer 2003 C3A Group 1

4.

You are required to plan an experiment which will enable the identity of an acidic compound to
be found.
Planning
In another experiment of the type given in the second question of the Unit Test 3A paper
(May 2003), the molar mass for a different acid was found to be 114 2 g mol1. Three
structures were proposed for this acid and these are shown below. What simple test would allow
hexanoic acid to be distinguished from the other two? How could that qualitative test be adapted
to give a quantitative procedure to allow the other two to be distinguished?
molar mass/g mol1
1

CH3 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2 COOH

116

CH2 = CH CH2 CH2 CH2 COOH

114

CH3 CH = CH CH = CH COOH

112

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(Total 7 marks)

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