SIR

ALEXANDER
FLEMING
BACTERIOLOGIST
BIOL, Angela
DUQUE, Abigail
MAYONADO, Aini
STA. MARIA, Jessica
II - Acceptance
REFERENCES:
D!. Ale"an#e! Macg!eg$!% .
ND% . Ale"an#e! &le'ing,
Bacte!i$l$gist . Ret!ie(e# $n) J*l+
,, -../ . 0!$')
1ttp)22333.ans3e!s.c$'2t$pic2al
e"an#e!-4e'ing5cat6tec1n$l$g+
NA% . ND% . Ale"an#e! &le'inig .
Ret!ie(e# $n) J*l+ ,, -../ . 0!$')
1ttp)22en.3i7ipe#ia.$!g23i7i2Ale"a
n#e!8&le'ing
NA% . ND% . Ale"an#e! &le'ing
T1e N$bel 9!i:e in 9s+c1$l$g+ $!
Me#icine ;<=, . Ret!ie(e# $n)
J*l+ ,, -../ . 0!$')
1ttp)22n$belp!i:e.$!g2n$bel8p!i:es
2'e#icine2la*!eates2;<=,24e'in
g-bi$.1t'l
NA% . ND% . T1e Ti'e ;..
Scientists an# T1in7e!s .
Ret!ie(e# $n) J*l+ ,, -../ . 0!$')
1ttp)22333.ti'e.c$'2ti'e2ti'e;
..2scientist2p!$>le24e'ing.1t'l
DEATH
Date $0 #eat1) Ma!c1 ;;,
;<,= ?@%
Aa*se $0 #eat1) Bea!t attac7
A!e'ate#
As1es a!e inte!!e# in St.
9a*lCs
Aat1e#!al
AONALUSION
Si! Ale"an#e! &le'ing
s1$3e# 1e p$ssesse# s$'e
$0 t1e scienti>c attit*#es t1at
c$nt!ib*te# t$ 1is s*ccess
A. A*!i$sit+ D $bse!(e#
7eenl+ t1e c*lt*!es t1at
1a# '$*l#s an# 0*ngi
lea#ing t$ t1e #isc$(e!+ $0
penicillin
B. A!itical Min#e#ness D
3it1 1is $bse!(ati$ns an#
>n#ings $n penicillin 1e
0*!t1e! in(estigate# $n
t1e $t1e! pat1$gens
*sing 1is '$*l#
#isc$(e!+
A. Res$*!ce0*lness D *se#
t1e 'ate!ials 1e can >n#
in 1is lab$!at$!+, 31at is
a(ailable 1e *se# 3it1$*t
t1e nee#s 0$!
s$p1isticate# t$$ls
SIR ALEXANDER
FLEMING
Born: $n A*g*st E, ;//; at
L$c1>el#
&a!', Sc$tlan#
Father: B*g1 &le'ing
Mother: F!ace Sti!iling M$!t$n
Schools: L$n$#*n M$$! Sc1$$l
Da!(el Sc1$$l
Gil'a!n$c7 Aca#e'+ -
+ea!s%
En!$lle# at St. Ma!+Cs B$spital, a
teac1ing
1$spital
J$ine# t1e !esea!c1 #epa!t'ent
an# beca'e assistant
bacte!i$l$gist
Faine# M.B. an# B.Sc. 3it1 g$l#
'e#al in ;<./
Lect*!e! at St. Ma!+Cs *ntil ;<;=
Sp$*se) Sa!a1 Ma!i$n McEl!$+
#ecease#%
A'alia G$*ts$*!i-
H$*!e7as
A1il#2c1il#!en) R$be!t &le'ing
Se(e!e# as Aaptain in t1e A!'+
Me#ical A$!ps. in t1e I$!l# Ia! I
Ret*!ne# t$ St. Ma!+Cs in ;</;
Electe# 9!$0ess$! $0 Bacte!i$l$g+
in ;<-/
DISCOVERY OF ENICILLIN
In(estigate# t1e p!$pe!ties $0
stap1+l$c$cci in ;<-/
O0ten 0$!g$t t1e c*lt*!es
Lab is a c1a$s
Septe'be! -/, ;<-/ a0te! a
l$ng 1$li#a+, 'an+ $0 t1e c*lt*!e
#is1es a!e c$nta'inate# 3it1
0*ng*s an# t1!e3 t1e' in a
#isin0ectant
JI 1a# t$ s1$3 '+ !esea!c1 t$ a
(isit$! s$ I !et!ie(e# s$'e $0 t1e
*ns*b'e!ge# #is1esK
N$tice# a :$ne a!$*n# an
in(a#ing 0*ng*s 31e!e t1e
bacte!ia c$*l# n$t be seen
Is$late# an e"t!act an#
i#enti>e# it 0!$' t1e penicillin
0a'il+ na'ing it agent penicillin
&*!t1e! in(estigati$ns $n t1e
p$siti(e antibacte!ial eLect $n
'an+ $!ganis's an# n$tice# t1at
it aLecte# bacte!ia s*c1 as
stap1+l$c$cci an# all F!a'-
p$siti(e pat1$gens
A*lti(ating penicillin 3as
#iMc*lt an# it 3as e(en '$!e
#iMc*lt t$ is$late t1e antibi$tic
agent.
Gept, g!e3 an# #ist!ib*te# t1e
$!iginal '$*l# *ntil ;<=. t$
inte!est $t1e! bacte!i$l$gists t$
!e>ne t1e *sable penicillin
ACCOLADES
&le'ing, &l$!e+, an# A1ain
!ecei(e# t1e N$bel 9!i:e in
Me#icine in ;</,
A3a!#e# t1e B*nte!ian
9!$0ess$!s1ip b+ t1e R$+al
A$llege $0 S*!ge$ns $0
Englan#
Gnig1te# b+ Ging Fe$!ge HI
in ;<==
Recei(e# t1e g!eate! 1$n$!
$0 pee!age 0$! t1e 3$!7 in
'a7ing penicillin a(ailable t$
t1e p*blic an# sa(ing
'illi$ns $0 li(es in I$!l# Ia!
II t1e!e0$!e bec$'ing a
Ba!$n
Disc$(e!+ $0 penicillin 3as
!an7e# t1e '$st i'p$!tant
#isc$(e!+ $0 t1e 'illenni*'
31en t1e +ea! -... 3as
app!$ac1ing s$'e
'aga:ines esti'ate# t1at
penicillin sa(e# nea! -..
'illi$n li(es
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