3 - Arenas Curables y Activadores

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ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
BIOBALLS
SOLUBLE BALL
SEALERS
SUPERPAC
RESIN COATED
GRAVEL PACK
SANPAC
GRAVEL PACK AND
FRAC SANDS
TEMPERED
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
ACTIVATORS
Santrol
Curable
Resin
Coated
Proppants
more
Curable proppants prevent flowback, reduce embedment, reduce crush fines and increase long term conductivity
Santrols range of curable proppants utilize patented multi-layer coating techniques to apply high quality phenolic
and other specialty resins to specially treated base substrates that can be either sand or ceramic.
Differential crosslink density of each resin layer allows the product to attain both added strength as well as the
ability to attain grain to grain bonding, or curability, in the formation.
Free flow additives, anti-dusting agents and anti-static agents are used to enhance handling, water-wetting and
flow characteristics.
ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
HYPERPROP
DYNAPROP
MAGNAPROP
OPTIPROP
SUPER HS
SUPER DC
SUPER LC
SUPER TF
SUPER HT
POLARPROP
ACTIVATORS
Product Mesh Descri pti on Mi n. Temp. Max Temp Approx. Cl osure
Avai l abl e Stress Range
HyperProp 20/40 Encapsul ated curabl e for hi gher Wel l s>140 F 600 F 10,000 to 16,000 psi
Bauxi te cl osures and temperatures
DynaProp 20/40 Encapsul ated curabl e for enhanced Wel l s>140 F 600 F 9,000 to 14,000 psi
I ntermedi ate conducti vi ty at hi gher cl osures*
Cerami c
MagnaProp 20/40 Econ. Encapsul ated curabl e for hi gher cl osures Wel l s>140 F 600 F 6,000 to 12,000 psi
Li ghtwei ght
Cerami c
Opti Prop 20/40 Sand Encapsul ated curabl e for hi gh cl osures Wel l s>140 F 600 F 6,000 to 10,000 psi
16/30 Sand
Super HS 20/40 Sand Hi gh strength patented mul ti -coat Wel l s>70 F 600 F 6,000 to 10,000 psi
16/30 Sand
12/20 Sand
Super DC 20/40 Sand I ntermedi ate strength patented dual -coat Wel l s>70 F 600 F 6,000 to 8,000 psi
16/30 Sand
12/20 Sand
Super LC 20/40 Sand Low cost curabl e mul ti -coat desi gned Wel l s>70 F 600 F 5,000 to 7,000 psi
16/30 Sand enhanced conducti vi ty over TF product
12/20 Sand
Super TF 20/40 Sand Economy curabl e sand Wel l s>70 F 600 F 4,000 to 6,000 psi
Super HT 20/40 Sand Low Temperature gravel and frac packs Wel l s>70 F 500 F 100 to 5,000 psi
16/30 Sand
12/20 Sand
Pol arProp 20/40 Sand Encapsul ated prop for l ow Wel l s>60 F 150 F 500 to 6,000 psi
16/30 Sand temperature cl osure
12/20 Sand
Note 1: Super LC, Super DC, Super HS and OptiProp coatings can be applied to any base ceramic including bauxite as a custom coat. Call 888-SANTROL for custom coat
pricing. Note 2: For low temperature applications (70 F to 140 F) Superset Activators "O"(oil based fluid systems) or "W"(water based fluid systems) are generally recom-
mended. PolarProp requires Superset "P"(SSP).
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Curable Proppant Performance Data
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ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
HYPERPROP
DYNAPROP
MAGNAPROP
OPTIPROP
SUPER HS
SUPER DC
SUPER LC
SUPER TF
SUPER HT
POLARPROP
ACTIVATORS
Product 2,000 psi 4,000 psi 6,000 psi 8,000 psi 10,000 psi 12,000 psi 14,000 psi 16,000 psi
DynaProp C 6,978 6,356 5,420 4,603 2,625 2,130
P 347 319 286 269 170 130
MagnaProp C 4,206 4,050 3,930 3,215 2,435 1,850
P 289 236 228 182 144 114
Opti Prop C 3,948 3,611 2,659 1,174 710
P 216 200 151 70 45
Super HS C 4,843 4,040 2,260 933
P 272 232 132 57
Super DC C 5,601 4,940 3,810 1,559 763
P 290 278 220 96 47
Super LC C 4,490 3,954 2,842 1,029 453
P 238 219 161 62 29
Super TF C 3,069 2,550 1,393 561 279
P 169 143 80 35 18
Super HT C 3,580 3,074 2,568 800 250
P 186 168 139 90 15
Pol arProp C 5,102 3,760 1,520
P 346 246 152
CONDUCTIVITY (C) AND PERMEABILITY (P) PERFORMANCE - 20/40 PROPPANTS @ 250 F, 50 HRS, @ 2LBS./SQ. FT.
10,000
1,000
100
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Curable Proppant Performance Data (Contd)
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ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
HYPERPROP
DYNAPROP
MAGNAPROP
OPTIPROP
SUPER HS
SUPER DC
SUPER LC
SUPER TF
SUPER HT
POLARPROP
ACTIVATORS
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1,000
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Product 2,000 psi 4,000 psi 6,000 psi 8,000 psi 10,000 psi 12,000 psi 14,000 psi 16,000 psi
HyperProp C 3,579 3,110 2,495 1,801 1,290 850
P 186 162 151 146 98 35
DynaProp C 6,381 5,106 4,121 2,611 1,162
P 328 270 231 148 70
MagnaProp C 3,845 3,687 2,720 1,731 1,220
P 201 192 157 105 72
Opti Prop C 2,484 1,213 460 264
P 141 72 29 17
Super HS C 1,413
P 85
Super DC C 3,475 3,316 672 186
P 210 190 41 12
CONDUCTIVITY (C) AND PERMEABILITY (P) PERFORMANCE - 20/40 PROPPANTS @ 300 F, 50 HRS, @ 2LBS./SQ. FT.
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C = Conducti vi ty i n md-ft
P = Permeabi l i ty i n Darci es
Notes: Permeabi l i ty data not pl otted graphi cal l y. Al l conducti vi ty data generated under STI MLAB condi ti ons.
end of section
ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
HYPERPROP
DYNAPROP
MAGNAPROP
OPTIPROP
SUPER HS
SUPER DC
SUPER LC
SUPER TF
SUPER HT
POLARPROP
ACTIVATORS
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HyperProp is Santrols
upper range
encapsulated curable
bauxite proppant
HyperProp
HyperProp is Santrols upper range encapsulated curable proppant based on sintered bauxite.
HyperProp exhibits all of the properties of Santrols other patented encapsulated curable
range of products, producing high long term flow rates at higher closures. Technologically the
resin coating is Santrols most advanced multilayer product with inner curable layers capped
with a tough fully cured outer resin coat. HyperProp product provides superior performance
for mid to high closure stress applications with the added benefit of a high level of
compatibility with fluid and breaker systems. HyperProp effectively lowers the density of
bauxite when combined with the resin coat allowing easier placement in the fracture and
reducing costs on a volumetric basis.
HyperProp is designed as a stress curable proppant, that consolidates only after grain to
grain contact under pressure has occurred. This provides flowback control and embedment
reduction as well as providing extra resistance to stress cycling and a reduction in turbulent
flow as individual grain imperfections are surface coated with a resin, reducing non-Darcy effects.
HyperProps unique design allows for consolidation only under closure pressure in the formation,
and the possibility of bonding in the well bore is virtually eliminated allowing HyperProp to
remain in horizontal wellbores for extended periods without consolidating. HyperProp is the
ideal proppant for critical multi-zone deviated and horizontal wells as well as deep, hot, high
closure applications.
HYPERPROP IS SANTROLS
ENCAPSULATED CURABLE SINTERED
BAUXITE BASED PROPPANT.
HYPERPROP EXHIBITS HIGH
COMPATIBILITY WITH MOST
FLUID SYSTEMS
HYPERPROP REQUIRES
TEMPERATURE AND CLOSURE
STRESS TO BOND AND WILL
THEREFORE NOT SET UP IN
THE WELLBORE
EXCELS IN 10,000 TO
16,000 PSI CLOSURE RANGE
EXCELLENT FLOWBACK RESISTANCE
REDUCED EMBEDMENT
EXTREMELY LOW CRUSH
EXCELLENT CYCLIC LOADING
CAPABILITY
REDUCED EQUIPMENT EROSION
POTENTIAL
REDUCED DENSITY OVER
UNCOATED BAUXITE
more
ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
HYPERPROP
DYNAPROP
MAGNAPROP
OPTIPROP
SUPER HS
SUPER DC
SUPER LC
SUPER TF
SUPER HT
POLARPROP
ACTIVATORS
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HyperProp is manufactured at Santrols Fesno (Houston) and Santrols Pv, Denmark plants by
resin coating sintered bauxite with multiple strong coats of resin using a process that permanently
anchors the coating to the ceramic surface. The resin protects the proppant base from quick
stress loading and provides additional toughness resulting in higher crush resistance.
HyperProp may be used in hydraulic fractured wells with bottom hole temperatures above
140 F and closures in the 10,000 psi to 16,000 psi range. The cured resin coating is stable
up to 600 F.
Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) of 20/40 HyperProp (in psi)
All data 1,000 psi closure for time intervals, 5 minute shear
in 2% KCl. Press load rate @ 100 psi/min, specimen
broken immediately after removal from Baroid cell after
flushing with 2% KCl.
Ti me/Temp 1 Hour 4 Hour 12 Hour
150 F 460 530 550
250 F 540 620 660
Source: Santrol Corporate Laboratory
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600 psi
400 psi
200 psi
0 psi
HyperProp (Contd)
HyperProp Technical Bulletin
ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
HYPERPROP
DYNAPROP
MAGNAPROP
OPTIPROP
SUPER HS
SUPER DC
SUPER LC
SUPER TF
SUPER HT
POLARPROP
ACTIVATORS
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Test Method API Spec HyperProp
Typi cal Screen RP 60 Si eve % Ret.
Anal ysi s Sec. 4.2 16 Max 0.1
ASTME 20
Resi n-Coated 25 90% Between
Bauxi te % Between 30 + 30 Mesh
Control l i ng Screens 35
>90% 40
50
Pan Max 1.0
Parameter Uni t/Test Av. Di ameter 0.75 mm
Shape RP56
Roundness Krumbei n 0.9
Spheri ci ty Krumbei n 0.9
Aci d Sol ubi l i ty 12HCL/3HF <0.3%
Turbi di ty FTU <200
Temp. Stabi l i ty 600 F
Speci fi c Gravi ty 3.31
Bul k Densi ty l b/ft
3
119.00
g/cm
3
1.91
Absol ute Vol ume gal /l b 0.0336
Crush Resi stance 6,000 psi 0.10
(fi nes) 8,000 psi 0.10
10,000 psi 0.20
12,000 psi 0.30
Porosi ty @ 250 F 2,000 psi 0.47
4,000 psi 0.39
6,000 psi 0.35
8,000 psi 0.31
10,000 psi 0.27
12,000psi 0.21
HOCNF Cl assi fi cati on Not Harmful
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HyperProp Technical Bulletin (Contd)
ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
HYPERPROP
DYNAPROP
MAGNAPROP
OPTIPROP
SUPER HS
SUPER DC
SUPER LC
SUPER TF
SUPER HT
POLARPROP
ACTIVATORS
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Closure 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000
Pressure psi psi psi psi
HyperProp 4,702 3,950 2,455 2,130
Bauxite 4,497 3,602 2,619 1,874
Closure 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000
Pressure psi psi psi psi
HyperProp 330 231 184 164
Bauxite 308 255 192 142
10,000
1,000
100
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1,000
100
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CONDUCTIVITY AND PERMEABILITY PERFORMANCE
HYPERPROP WITH 20/40 BAUXITE
@250 F, 50 HRS, @ 2 LBS/FT
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Al l conducti vi ty data generated under STI MLAB condi ti ons.
end of section
ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
HYPERPROP
DYNAPROP
MAGNAPROP
OPTIPROP
SUPER HS
SUPER DC
SUPER LC
SUPER TF
SUPER HT
POLARPROP
ACTIVATORS
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DynaProp is Santrols
mid range encapsulated
curable, lightweight
ceramic proppant
DynaProp
DynaProp is Santrols mid range encapsulated curable, lightweight ceramic, exhibiting
all the properties of Santrols other patented encapsulated curable range of products,
producing higher long term flow rates at higher closures. Technologically the resin
coating is Santrols most advanced multilayer product. The DynaProp product
provides superior performance for moderate to high closure stress applications with
the added benefit of a high level of compatibility with fluid and breaker systems.
DynaProp is designed as a stress curable proppant, that consolidates only after grain
to grain contact under pressure has occurred. This provides flowback control and
embedment reduction as well as providing extra resistance to stress cycling and a
reduction in turbulent flow as individual grain imperfections are surface coated with a
resin, reducing non-Darcy effects.
DynaProps unique design allows for consolidation only under closure pressure in the
formation, and the possibility of bonding in the well bore is virtually eliminated allowing
for DynaProp to remain in horizontal wellbores for extended periods without
consolidating. DynaProp is the ideal proppant for critical multi-zone deviated and
horizontal wells.
DYNAPROP IS SANTROLS
ENCAPSULATED CURABLE MID
RANGE LIGHTWEIGHT CERAMIC
DYNAPROP EXHIBITS HIGH
FLUID SYSTEMS
DYNAPROP REQUIRES
STRESS TO BOND AND WILL
THEREFORE NOT SET
UP IN THE WELLBORE
EXCELS IN 9,000 TO 14,000 PSI
CLOSURE RANGE
REDUCED EMBEDMENT
EXTREMELY LOW CRUSH
EXCELLENT CYCLIC
LOADING CAPABILITY
REDUCED EQUIPMENT
EROSION POTENTIAL
more
ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
HYPERPROP
DYNAPROP
MAGNAPROP
OPTIPROP
SUPER HS
SUPER DC
SUPER LC
SUPER TF
SUPER HT
POLARPROP
ACTIVATORS
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Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) of 20/40 DynaProp (in psi)
in 2% KCl. Press load rate @ 100 psi/min, specimen
flushing with 2% KCl.
150 F 500 560 575
250 F 600 670 720
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250 F 150 F
12 Hour
4 Hour
1 Hour
1, 000 psi
800 psi
600 psi
400 psi
200 psi
0 psi
DynaProp (Contd)
DynaProp is manufactured at Santrols Fresno (Houston) and Santrols Pv, Denmark
plants by resin coating mid range lightweight ceramic with multiple strong coats of
resin using a process that permanently anchors the coating to the ceramic surface.
The resin protects the proppant base from quick stress loading and provides
additional toughness resulting in higher crush resistance.
DynaProp may be used in hydraulic fractured wells with bottom hole temperatures
above 140 F and closures in the 9,000 psi to 14,000 psi range. The cured resin
coating is stable up to 600 F.
DynaProp Technical Bulletin
ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
HYPERPROP
DYNAPROP
MAGNAPROP
OPTIPROP
SUPER HS
SUPER DC
SUPER LC
SUPER TF
SUPER HT
POLARPROP
ACTIVATORS
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Test Method API Spec DynaProp
ASTME 20
I ntermedi ate 25 90% Between
Strength % Between 30 + 30 Mesh
Resi n-Coated Control l i ng Screens 35
Cerami c >90% 40
50
Pan Max 1.0
Shape RP56
3
96.00
g/cm
3
1.54
(fi nes) 8,000 psi 0.60
10,000 psi 0.90
12,000 psi 2.00
Porosi ty @ 250 F 2,000 psi 0.41
4,000 psi 0.37
6,000 psi 0.31
8,000 psi 0.27
10,000 psi 0.22
12,000psi 0.19
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DynaProp Technical Bulletin (Contd)
ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
HYPERPROP
DYNAPROP
MAGNAPROP
OPTIPROP
SUPER HS
SUPER DC
SUPER LC
SUPER TF
SUPER HT
POLARPROP
ACTIVATORS
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Closure 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000
Pressure psi psi psi psi psi psi
DynaProp 6,978 6,356 5,420 4,603 2,625 2,130
Ceramic 9,510 8,022 5,757 3,440 1,930 925
Closure 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000
DynaProp 347 319 286 269 170 130
Ceramic 500 433 319 196 113 56
10,000
1,000
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DYNAPROP WITH 20/40 LIGHTWEIGHT CERAMIC
@250 F, 50 HRS, @ 2 LBS/FT
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end of section
ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
HYPERPROP
DYNAPROP
MAGNAPROP
OPTIPROP
SUPER HS
SUPER DC
SUPER LC
SUPER TF
SUPER HT
POLARPROP
ACTIVATORS
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MagnaProp is Santrols
encapsulated, curable,
economy, ceramic
proppant
MagnaProp
MagnaProp is Santrols encapsulated, curable, economy ceramic, exhibiting all the
properties of Santrols other patented encapsulated curable range of products.
Technologically the coating exhibits a further advance in resin technology to provide
a product with unique downwell performance characteristics. MagnaProp provides
superior performance for moderate closure stress applications with the added benefit
of a high level of compatibility with fluid and breaker systems.
MagnaProp is designed as a stress curable proppant, that consolidates only after
grain to grain contact under pressure has occurred. This provides flowback control
and embedment reduction as well as providing extra resistance to stress cycling and
a reduction in turbulent flow. MagnaProps unique design only allows for consolidation
under closure pressure in the formation and the possibility of bonding in the wellbore
is virtually eliminated which allows MagnaProp to remain in horizontal wellbores for
extended periods without consolidating. MagnaProp is the ideal proppant for critical
multi-zone deviated and horizontal wells.
SANTROLS ENCAPSULATED
CURABLE ECONOMY CERAMIC
HIGH COMPATIBILITY WITH MOST
FLUID SYSTEMS
MAGNAPROP REQUIRES
STRESS TO BOND AND THEREFORE
WILL NOT SET UP IN
THE WELLBORE
EXCELS IN 6,000 TO 12,000 PSI
CLOSURE RANGE
EXTREMELY LOW CRUSH
CAPABILITY
REDUCED EMBEDMENT
EXCELLENT WATER-WETTING
more
ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
HYPERPROP
DYNAPROP
MAGNAPROP
OPTIPROP
SUPER HS
SUPER DC
SUPER LC
SUPER TF
SUPER HT
POLARPROP
ACTIVATORS
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MagnaProp is manufactured at Santrols Fresno (Houston) and Santrols Pv, Denmark
plants by resin coating economy lightweight ceramic with multiple strong coats of
resin using a process that permanently anchors the coating to the ceramic surface.
The resin protects the proppant base from quick stress loading and provides
additional toughness resulting in higher crush resistance. MagnaProp exhibits good
water-wetting capabilities through the use of special additives.
MagnaProp may be used in hydraulic fractured wells with bottom hole temperatures
MagnaProp (Contd)
Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) of 20/40 MagnaProp (in psi)
in 2% KCl. Press load rate @ 100psi/min, specimen broken
immediately after removal from Baroid cell after flushing
with 2% KCl.
150 F 500 565 580
250 F 610 700 720
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12 Hour
4 Hour
1 Hour
1, 000 psi
800 psi
600 psi
400 psi
200 psi
0 psi
MagnaProp Technical Bulletin
ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
HYPERPROP
DYNAPROP
MAGNAPROP
OPTIPROP
SUPER HS
SUPER DC
SUPER LC
SUPER TF
SUPER HT
POLARPROP
ACTIVATORS
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MagnaProp Technical Bulletin (Contd)
Test Method API Spec MagnaProp
ASTME 20
Economi cal 25 90% Between
Li ghtwei ght % Between 30 Control l i ng
Cerami c Control l i ng 35 Screens
Screens >90% 40
50
Pan Max 1.0
Shape RP60
3
93.50
g/cm
3
1.50
(fi nes) 4,000 psi 0.20
6,000 psi 0.60
8,000 psi 0.75
10,000 psi 1.10
12,000 psi 2.60
Porosi ty @ 250 F 2,000 psi 0.31
4,000 psi 0.27
6,000 psi 0.24
8,000 psi 0.19
10,000 psi 0.12
12,000psi 0.12
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ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
HYPERPROP
DYNAPROP
MAGNAPROP
OPTIPROP
SUPER HS
SUPER DC
SUPER LC
SUPER TF
SUPER HT
POLARPROP
ACTIVATORS
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Closure 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000
MagnaProp 4,206 4,050 3,930 3,215 2,435 1,850
Ceramic 6,846 5,685 4,084 2,507 1,552 829
Closure 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000
MagnaProp 289 236 228 182 144 114
Ceramic 342 295 220 141 91 51
10,000
1,000
100
10
1,000
100
10
1
MAGNAPROP WITH 20/40 ECONOMICAL LIGHTWEIGHT CERAMIC
@250 F, 50 HRS, @ 2 LBS/FT
2
CONDUCTIVITY
PERMEABILITY
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end of section
ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
HYPERPROP
DYNAPROP
MAGNAPROP
OPTIPROP
SUPER HS
SUPER DC
SUPER LC
SUPER TF
SUPER HT
POLARPROP
ACTIVATORS
QUIT
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OptiProp is Santrols
most technologically
advanced resin-coated
product
OptiProp
OptiProp is Santrols most technologically advanced resin coated product designed
as an encapsulated curable resin to provide a product with unique downwell
performance characteristics. The resultant OptiProp products provide superior
performance for high closure stress applications with the added benefit of a high level
of compatibility with fluid and breaker systems.
OptiProp is designed as a high strength proppant that allows for flowback and
embedment control, and provides extra resistance to stress cycling and high shear
resistance. OptiProps unique design allows for consolidation only under closure
pressure in the formation and the possibility of bonding in the well bore is virtually
eliminated allowing OptiProp to remain in wellbores for extended periods without
consolidating. OptiProp has rapidly become the coating of choice for critical multi-
zone deviated and horizontal wells.
SANTROLS PREMIER
ENCAPSULATED MULTI-COAT
CURABLE PROPPANT
EXCELLENT COMPATIBILITY WITH
MOST FLUID SYSTEMS
REQUIRES TEMPERATURE AND
CLOSURE TO BOND AND
THEREFORE WILL NOT SET UP
IN THE WELLBORE
EXCELLENT FLOWBACK
RESISTANCE
EXTREMELY LOW CRUSH
CAPABILITY
more
ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
HYPERPROP
DYNAPROP
MAGNAPROP
OPTIPROP
SUPER HS
SUPER DC
SUPER LC
SUPER TF
SUPER HT
POLARPROP
ACTIVATORS
QUIT
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OptiProp is manufactured by resin coating API high sphericity, Northern White
silica sands of the Jordan, St. Peter or Wonowoc formations with multiple strong
coats of resin using a patented process that permanently anchors the coating to the
sand grain surface. The OptiProp coating is also available on a variety of ceramic
media (16/20 and 20/40). The resin protects the proppant base from quick stress
loading and provides additional crush resistance, and as it cures in the formation,
bonds the individual proppant grains together to prevent flow-back and minimizes
embedment.
OptiProp may be used in hydraulic fractured wells with bottom hole temperatures
OptiProp (Contd)
Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) of 20/40 OptiProp (in psi)
All data 1,000 psi closure for time intervals stated. Press
load rate @ 100psi/min, specimen broken immediately after
removal from Baroid cell after flushing with 2% KCl.
150 F 500 560 570
250 F 600 660 710
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12 Hour
4 Hour
1 Hour
1, 000 psi
800 psi
600 psi
400 psi
200 psi
0 psi
OptiProp Technical Bulletin
ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
HYPERPROP
DYNAPROP
MAGNAPROP
OPTIPROP
SUPER HS
SUPER DC
SUPER LC
SUPER TF
SUPER HT
POLARPROP
ACTIVATORS
QUIT
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OptiProp Technical Bulletin
Test Method API Spec 20/40 Opti Prop 16/30 Opti Prop
Typi cal Screen RP 56 Si eve % Ret. Si eve % Ret.
Anal ysi s Sec. 4.2 16 0.1 12 0.1
( Norther n ASTME-11-87 20 1.1 16 0.1
Whi te Sand) 25 37.9 20 23.6
30 40.8 25 61.2
35 14.5 30 13.8
40 4.1 40 1.1
50 1.3
Pan 0.2 Pan 0.10
% Between Contr. Screens >90% >90% >90%
Av. Di ameter 0.71 mm 0.81 mm
Parameter Uni t/Test
Shape RP56
Roundness Krumbei n 0.8 0.8
Spheri ci ty Krumbei n 0.8 0.8
Aci d Sol ubi l i ty 12HCL/3HF <0.3% <0.3%
Turbi di ty FTU <200 <200
Temp. Stabi l i ty 600 F 600 F
Speci fi c Gravi ty 2.53 2.53
3
95.50 93.70
g/cm
3
1.53 1.50
Absol ute Vol ume gal /l b 0.0466 0.0470
Crush Resi stance 2,000 psi 0.10 0.10
(fi nes) 4,000 psi 0.30 1.30
6,000 psi 0.70 3.10
8,000 psi 1.20
10,000 psi 5.10
Porosi ty @ 250 F 2,000 psi 0.33
4,000 psi 0.29 0.26
6,000 psi 0.27 0.21
8,000 psi 0.24 0.20
10,000 psi 0.19 0.13
HOCNF Cl assi fi cati on Not Harmful Not Harmful
T
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0 psi /ambi ent
20/40 = 0. 405
16/30 = 0. 415
OptiProp Technical Bulletin (Contd)
ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
HYPERPROP
DYNAPROP
MAGNAPROP
OPTIPROP
SUPER HS
SUPER DC
SUPER LC
SUPER TF
SUPER HT
POLARPROP
ACTIVATORS
QUIT
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OptiProp Technical Bulletin (Contd)
Closure 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000
20/40 OptiProp 3,948 3,611 2,659 1,174 710
20/40 SB Prime 3,928 2,734 1,801
10,000
1,000
100
10
1,000
100
10
1
20/40 OPTIPROP WITH 20/40 SB PRIME
@250 F, 50 HRS, @ 2 LBS/FT
2
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Closure 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000
20/40 OptiProp 216 200 151 70 45
20/40 SB Prime 215 155 105
Closure 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000
16/30 OptiProp 5,670 3,974 1,868 733
16/30 SHS 6,256 3,912 1,562 646
10,000
1,000
100
10
1,000
100
10
1
16/30 OPTIPROP WITH 16/30 SHS
@250 F, 50 HRS, @ 2 LBS/FT
2
Closure 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000
16/30 OptiProp 307 221 108 45
16/30 SHS 332 214 88 37
CONDUCTIVITY
PERMEABILITY
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CONDUCTIVITY
PERMEABILITY
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more
ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
HYPERPROP
DYNAPROP
MAGNAPROP
OPTIPROP
SUPER HS
SUPER DC
SUPER LC
SUPER TF
SUPER HT
POLARPROP
ACTIVATORS
QUIT
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OptiProp
Cyclic Loading Resistance
Santrols OptiProp
coating was developed for high performance in cyclic loading environments. It offers high compressive bond
strength in the fracture with negligible bond strength in the wellbore for critical hydraulic fracture applications where High Prop
Pack Permeability is essential.
Due to its superior fluid compatibility, outstanding shear resistance going downhole, cyclic loading tolerance, and ability to remain
in wellbores without consolidating for extended periods, OptiProp rapidly became the coating of choice for critical multi-zone devi-
ated and horizontal wells. However, the original coating process did not develop the same high bond strengths at lower closures
and temperatures.
In response to the markets needs for high strength and very elastic bonds for moderate temperature, technically demanding wells,
Santrols R&D and advanced coating facilities worked to deliver a coating that would extend OptiProps performance range and
capabilities.
Additionally, Santrols latest OptiProp formulation provides More Cyclic Loading Tolerance. The independent lab test data reported
in the attached report shows that even after 500 cycles, the OptiProp coated proppant pack showed very minimal signs of width
reduction, maintained the original conductivity, and retained 99% of the proppant pack volume. Previous testing on other products
had never exceeded 200 cycles with most failing during the first 30 cycles.
The following data is the result of independent laboratory testing and cooperative efforts with the operating and service
companies to solve part of an industry problem. An extended multicycle flowback test was completed on behalf of Santrol under
specified field conditions to simulate 20 years of production and shut-in periods. The product provided by Santrol for the testing
was OptiProp resin-coated sand, 20/40 mesh as currently used in the North Sea. The test included the following key features:
more
ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
HYPERPROP
DYNAPROP
MAGNAPROP
OPTIPROP
SUPER HS
SUPER DC
SUPER LC
SUPER TF
SUPER HT
POLARPROP
ACTIVATORS
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SHEAR SUMMARY PROCEDURE
The proppant slurry was sheared in a wellbore shear simulator under parameters determined as being representative of field
conditions:
12 ppg OptiProp loading
Sea water borate crosslinked fluid (pH 10.5 - 10.7)
1500 1/seconds shear rate
5 minute residence time
100 F test temperature
PROPPANT PACK CYCLING AND FLOW PROCEDURE
The slurry was pumped into a proppant flowback test cell, shut-in, and the fluid allowed to break under static conditions prior to
cycling and flow through the proppant pack:
7 Day Shut-in with progressive temperature ramp-up to 172 F
850 psi Closure Stress During Shut-in
Pack Width of approximately 1 inch (~8 lb./ft2)
500 Stress Cycles with flow every 18 cycles
Gas flow rate through pack of 50 psi/ft
OptiProp
Cyclic Loading Resistance (Contd)
more
ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
HYPERPROP
DYNAPROP
MAGNAPROP
OPTIPROP
SUPER HS
SUPER DC
SUPER LC
SUPER TF
SUPER HT
POLARPROP
ACTIVATORS
QUIT
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OptiProp
Results
MINIMAL PROPPANT PRODUCTION
The proppant pack remained stable throughout the test sequence. At the completion of 500 cycles 98.6%, by weight of the original,
was retained in the pack. This level of proppant production is not considered significant, and it is suggested that the pack survived the
500 cycles intact.
PROPPANT PACK WIDTH INTEGRITY
The set OptiProp pack maintained 98.9% of the original width throughout the 500 cycles indicating excellent consolidation integrity.
MAINTAINED FRACTURE CONDUCTIVITY
The proppant pack maintained its original conductivity throughout the 500 cycles. After cycling was completed results indicated less
than a one percent change in the proppant pack differential pressure, relative to the initial pressure.
100%
95%
90%
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 Cycl es
Percent Proppant Retained in Fracture after Cycling
10%
0%
-10%
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 Cycl es
Proppant Pack Width Change During Cycling
10%
0%
-10%
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 Cycl es
Proppant Pack Differential Pressure Change During Cycling
more
ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
HYPERPROP
DYNAPROP
MAGNAPROP
OPTIPROP
SUPER HS
SUPER DC
SUPER LC
SUPER TF
SUPER HT
POLARPROP
ACTIVATORS
QUIT
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SUPERIOR RESIN INTEGRITY
OptiProp III showed superior shear resistance and minimal fluid interaction:
Description % Resin Retained
Post Shear Conditioning 94.0
After 18 hours in frac fluid at 140 F 91.3
Recovered from Flowback Cell 90.4
Field experience with competitive products have shown as much as twice the resin loss under similar conditions.
The effect of pH on various competitor coatings shows OptiProps resin to be extremely resistant to alkali degradation. Loss on ignition
data after exposure of proppant to increasing sodium hydroxide alkalinity indicates superior performance from OptiProp:
Loss On Ignition as % by Weight
pH SBC (Borden) Prima (Hepworth) OptiProp (Santrol)
7 3.34 4.14 4.60
11 3.37 4.18 4.55
12 3.33 4.06 4.63
13 2.03 3.28 4.51
OptiProp
Results (Contd)
end of section
ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
HYPERPROP
DYNAPROP
MAGNAPROP
OPTIPROP
SUPER HS
SUPER DC
SUPER LC
SUPER TF
SUPER HT
POLARPROP
ACTIVATORS
QUIT
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Super HS is Santrols
multi-coat high
strength curable
resin coated sand
Super HS
Super HS (SHS) is Santrols multi-coat High Strength curable resin coated sand
providing better performance through improved resin layering and content over the
Super DC product. This proppant is designed for higher closures (6,000 psi to 10,000
psi) where crushing, flowback or embedment are fracturing design criteria.
Santrols 16/30 SHS and 20/40 SHS are manufactured by resin coating API high
sphericity Northern White silica sands of the Jordan, St. Peter or Wonowoc
formations with a strong resin coating using a patented process that permanently
anchors the coating to the sand grain surface. Santrols 12/20 grade may be either
from the Hickory formation or Ottawa type depending upon manufacturing location and
customer specifications. The patented multi coat resin coating process increases the
strength of the sand grain to resist crushing by providing a fully cured inner layer and,
as the outer layer cures in the formation, the coating bonds the individual proppant
grains together to prevent flow-back and minimize embedment.
HIGH STRENGTH PROPPANT FOR
HIGHER CLOSURE PRESSURES
ENHANCED 20/40 DISTRIBUTION
INCREASES RELATIVE FLOW
CAPACITY
MULTI-LAYER OF BOTH CURED
AND UNCURED RESIN ADDS
TOUGHNESS TO THIS PROPPANT
EXCELLENT FLOWBACK CONTROL
LOW OVERALL CRUSH AND
MINIMAL FINES MIGRATION
EXCELS IN 6,000 PSI TO
PROPRIETARY WATER WETTING,
ANTI-DUSTING AND ANTI-STATIC
AGENTS
more
ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
HYPERPROP
DYNAPROP
MAGNAPROP
OPTIPROP
SUPER HS
SUPER DC
SUPER LC
SUPER TF
SUPER HT
POLARPROP
ACTIVATORS
QUIT
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Super HS (Contd)
SHS may be used in hydraulic fractured wells with bottom hole temperatures above
70 F. The cured resin coating is temperature stable up to 600 F. Since SHS requires
closure stress to bond, it normally will not bond in the tubing or casing where there is
little or no closure stress. Under low temperature conditions (70 F to 150 F) the
addition of Santrol Superset chemical activators will help increase proppant pack bond
Strength (See Activators in this manual).
Proprietary water wetting agents ensure good on-site blending with fluids to minimize
braiding and ensure correct slurry density.
Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) of 20/40 SHS (in psi)
in 2% KCI. At 100 F, Superset W Activator used (10 gallons
per 1,000 KCl). Press load rate @ 100 psi/min, specimen
flushing with 2% KCI. Activator loading should be tested for
each particular job to ensure the optimum usage.
100 F 190 210 240
200 F 550 830 920
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24 Hour
12 Hour
1 Hour
1, 000 psi
800 psi
600 psi
400 psi
200 psi
0 psi
SuperHS Technical Bulletin
ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
HYPERPROP
DYNAPROP
MAGNAPROP
OPTIPROP
SUPER HS
SUPER DC
SUPER LC
SUPER TF
SUPER HT
POLARPROP
ACTIVATORS
QUIT
{ BACK NEXT }
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Super HS Technical Bulletin
Test Method API Spec 20/40 Super HS 16/30 Super HS 12/20 Super HS
Typi cal Screen RP 56 Si eve % Ret. Si eve % Ret. Si eve % Ret.
Anal ysi s Sec. 4.2 16 Max 0.1 12 Max 0.1 8 Max 0.1
( Norther n ASTME-11-87 20 16 12
Whi te Sand) 30 20 16
35 25 18
40 30 20
50 40 30
Pan Max 1.0 Pan Max 1.0 Pan Max 1.0
% Between >90% >90% >90% >90%
Control l i ng Screens
Av. Di ameter 0.71 mm 0.81 mm 1.12mm
Shape RP56
Roundness Krumbei n 0.8 0.8 0.8
Spheri ci ty Krumbei n 0.8 0.8 0.8
Aci d Sol ubi l i ty 12HCL/3HF <0.3% <0.3% <0.3%
Turbi di ty FTU <200 <200 <200
Temp. Stabi l i ty 600 F 600 F 600 F
Speci fi c Gravi ty 2.53 2.53 2.53
3
95.50 93.70 92.70
g/cm
3
1.53 1.50 1.48
Absol ute Vol ume gal /l b 0.0464 0.0466 0.0470
Crush Resi stance 2,000 psi 0.10 0.10 0.30
(fi nes) 4,000 psi 0.20 1.50 1.60
6,000 psi 0.60 3.00 3.10
8,000 psi 1.00
10,000 psi 4.10
Porosi ty @ 250 F 2,000 psi
4,000 psi 0.28 0.26 0.28
6,000 psi 0.25 0.22 0.25
8,000 psi 0.19 0.19 0.19
10,000 psi 0.16 0.12 0.16
HOCNF Cl assi fi cati on Not Harmful Not Harmful Not Harmful
T
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>90%
Between
Control l i ng
Screens
>90%
Between
Control l i ng
Screens
>90%
Between
Control l i ng
Screens
0 psi /ambi ent
20/40 = 0. 405
16/30 = 0. 415
12/20 = 0. 420
SuperHS Technical Bulletin (Contd)
ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
HYPERPROP
DYNAPROP
MAGNAPROP
OPTIPROP
SUPER HS
SUPER DC
SUPER LC
SUPER TF
SUPER HT
POLARPROP
ACTIVATORS
QUIT
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Super HS Technical Bulletin (Contd)
Closure 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000
Pressure psi psi psi psi psi
20/40 SHS 4,843 4,040 2,260 933
20/40 SDC 5,601 4,940 3,810 1,559 763
Closure 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000
20/40 SHS 272 232 132 57
20/40 SDC 336 323 225 79 35
10,000
1,000
100
10
1,000
100
10
1
20/40 SUPER HS WITH 20/40 SUPER DC
@250 F, 50 HRS, @ 2 LBS/FT
2
Closure 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000
16/30 SHS 6,256 3,912 1,562 646
16/30 SDC 6,050 5,844 3,914 1,297 562
Closure 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000
16/30 SHS 332 214 88 37
16/30 SDC 336 323 225 79 35
10,000
1,000
100
10
1,000
100
10
1
@250 F, 50 HRS, @ 2 LBS/FT
2
Closure 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000
12/20 SHS 11,370 3,512 1,108 388
12/20 SDC 12,218 9,744 2,617
Closure 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000
20/40 SHS 604 188 64 23
12/20 SDC 623 507 138
100,000
10,000
1,000
100
1,000
100
10
1
@250 F, 50 HRS, @ 2 LBS/FT
2
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CONDUCTIVITY
PERMEABILITY
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CONDUCTIVITY
PERMEABILITY
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end of section
ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
HYPERPROP
DYNAPROP
MAGNAPROP
OPTIPROP
SUPER HS
SUPER DC
SUPER LC
SUPER TF
SUPER HT
POLARPROP
ACTIVATORS
QUIT
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Super DC is Santrols
intermediate strength
Dual Coat Curable resin
coated sand
Super DC
DUAL COAT PROPPANT FOR
INTERMEDIATE CLOSURES
ENHANCED 20/40 DISTRIBUTION
INCREASES RELATIVE FLOW
CAPACITY
EXCELS IN 6,000 PSI TO
PROPRIETARY WATER WETTING,
ANTI-DUSTING AND ANTI-STATIC
AGENTS
Super DC (SDC) is Santrols intermediate strength Dual Coat Curable resin coated
sand providing better performance through increased resin content over SLC
product. This proppant is designed as a proppant for moderate to high closure
(6,000 psi to 8,000 psi) where crushing, flowback or embedment are fracturing
design criteria.
Santrols 16/30 SLC and 20/40 SLC is manufactured by resin coating API high
anchors the coating to the sand grain surface. Santrol uses a patented dual coat
process wherein the inner resin coat is fully cured to protect the proppant from quick
stress cycling whereas the outer coat cures in the formation. Santrols 12/20 SDC is
manufactured with Hickory sand unless Northern White sand is specified. The resin
coating increases the strength of the sand grain to resist crushing and, as it cures in
the formation, the coating bonds the individual proppant grains together to prevent
flow-back and minimize embedment.
more
ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
HYPERPROP
DYNAPROP
MAGNAPROP
OPTIPROP
SUPER HS
SUPER DC
SUPER LC
SUPER TF
SUPER HT
POLARPROP
ACTIVATORS
QUIT
{ BACK NEXT }
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Super DC (Contd)
SDC may be used in hydraulic fractured wells with bottom hole temperatures above
70 F. The cured resin coating is temperature stable up to 600F. Since SDC requires
closure stress to bond, it normally will not bond in the tubing or casing where there is
addition of Santrol Superset chemical activators will help increase proppant pack
bond Strength (See Activators in this manual).
Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) of 20/40 SDC (in psi)
in 2% KCl. At 100 F 1% Superset W used (10 gallons/1000
KCl) Press load rate @ 100psi/min, specimen broken
with 2% KCl. Activator loading should be tested for each
particular job to ensure the optimum usage.
100 F 60 100 150
200 F 470 775 830
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12 Hour
1 Hour
1, 000 psi
800 psi
600 psi
400 psi
200 psi
0 psi
SuperDC Technical Bulletin
ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
HYPERPROP
DYNAPROP
MAGNAPROP
OPTIPROP
SUPER HS
SUPER DC
SUPER LC
SUPER TF
SUPER HT
POLARPROP
ACTIVATORS
QUIT
{ BACK NEXT }
QUIT
{ BACK NEXT }
Super DC Technical Bulletin
Test Method API Spec 20/40 Super DC 16/30 Super DC 12/20 Super DC
% Between 35 25 18
Control l i ng Screens 40 30 20
>90% 50 40 30
% Between
Control l i ng Screens >90% >90% >90%
Shape RP56
3
95.50 93.70 92.70
g/cm
3
1.53 1.50 1.48
(fi nes) 4,000 psi 0.50 1.90 1.60
6,000 psi 2.10 3.20 3.60
8,000 psi 4.40
10,000 psi 8.30
Porosi ty @ 250 F 2,000 psi 0.33 0.33 0.32
4,000 psi 0.30 0.27 0.25
6,000 psi 0.25 0.23 0.17
8,000 psi 0.18 0.18
10,000 psi 0.15 0.12
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>90%
Between
Control l i ng
Screens
>90%
Between
Control l i ng
Screens
>90%
Between
Control l i ng
Screens
0 psi /ambi ent
20/40 = 0. 405
16/30 = 0. 415
12/20 = 0. 420
SuperDC Technical Bulletin (Contd)
ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
HYPERPROP
DYNAPROP
MAGNAPROP
OPTIPROP
SUPER HS
SUPER DC
SUPER LC
SUPER TF
SUPER HT
POLARPROP
ACTIVATORS
QUIT
{ BACK NEXT }
QUIT
{ BACK NEXT }
Closure 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000
20/40 SDC 5,601 4,940 3,810 1,559 763
20/40 SLC 4,490 3,954 2,842 1,029 452
Closure 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000
20/40 SDC 290 278 220 96 47
20/40 SLC 238 219 161 62 29
10,000
1,000
100
10
1,000
100
10
1
20/40 SUPER DC WITH 20/40 SUPER LC
@250 F, 50 HRS, @ 2 LBS/FT
2
Closure 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000
16/30 SDC 6,050 5,844 3,914 1,297 562
16/30 SLC 8,623 4,509 1,909
Closure 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000
16/30 SDC 336 323 225 79 35
16/30 SLC 406 251 114
10,000
1,000
100
10
1,000
100
10
1
@250 F, 50 HRS, @ 2 LBS/FT
2
Closure 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000
12/20 SDC 12,218 9,744 2,617
12/20 SLC 17,150 7,389 1,175
Closure 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000
20/40 SDC 623 507 138
12/20 SLC 892 399 69
100,000
10,000
1,000
100
1,000
100
10
1
@250 F, 50 HRS, @ 2 LBS/FT
2
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Super DC Technical Bulletin (Contd)
end of section
ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
HYPERPROP
DYNAPROP
MAGNAPROP
OPTIPROP
SUPER HS
SUPER DC
SUPER LC
SUPER TF
SUPER HT
POLARPROP
ACTIVATORS
QUIT
{ BACK NEXT }
QUIT
{ BACK NEXT }
Super LC is Santrols
low cost curable
resin coated sand
Super LC
Super LC (SLC) is Santrols Low Cost curable resin-coated sand providing better
performance through improved particle distribution and resin content over the
Super 20/40 product. This proppant is designed as a proppant for moderate
closure (5,000 psi to 7,000 psi) where crushing, flowback or embedment are
fracturing design criteria.
Santrols 16/30 SLC and 20/40 SLC are manufactured by resin coating API high
anchors the coating to the sand grain surface. Santrols 12/20 SLC is manufactured
with Hickory sand or Northern White sand as specified. The resin coating
increases the strength of the sand grain to resist crushing and, as it cures in the
formation, the coating bonds the individual proppant grains together to prevent
flow-back and minimize embedment.
more
LOW COST, ECONOMICAL
REPLACEMENT FOR ALL
20/40 FRAC SANDS
ENHANCED 20/40
DISTRIBUTION INCREASES
RELATIVE FLOW CAPACITY
MULTI-COATED TECHNOLOGY
PROPRIETARY ANTI-DUSTING,
ANTI-STATIC, AND WETTING
AGENTS
ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
HYPERPROP
DYNAPROP
MAGNAPROP
OPTIPROP
SUPER HS
SUPER DC
SUPER LC
SUPER TF
SUPER HT
POLARPROP
ACTIVATORS
QUIT
{ BACK NEXT }
QUIT
{ BACK NEXT }
Super LC (Contd)
SLC may be used in hydraulic fractured wells bottom hole temperatures above
70F. The cured resin coating is temperature stable up to 600F. Since SLC requires
closure stress to bond, it normally will not bond in the tubing or casing where there
is little or no closure stress. Under low temperature conditions (70F to 150F) the
bond strength (see Activators in this manual).
SuperLC Technical Bulletin
Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) of 20/40 SLC (in psi)
in 2% KCI. At 100 F, 1% Superset W used (10 gallons per
1,000 KCl). Press load rate @ 100 psi/min, specimen broken
with 2% KCI. Activator loading should be tested for each
particular job to ensure the optimum usage.
100 F 35 80 140
200 F 400 770 810
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200 F 100 F
24 Hour
12 Hour
1 Hour
1, 000 psi
800 psi
600 psi
400 psi
200 psi
0 psi
ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
HYPERPROP
DYNAPROP
MAGNAPROP
OPTIPROP
SUPER HS
SUPER DC
SUPER LC
SUPER TF
SUPER HT
POLARPROP
ACTIVATORS
QUIT
{ BACK NEXT }
QUIT
{ BACK NEXT }
Super LC Technical Bulletin
Test Method API Spec 20/40 Super LC 16/30 Super LC 12/20 Super LC
( Norther n ASTME E-11-87 20 16 12
35 25 18
40 30 20
50 40 30
% Between >90% >90% >90% >90%
Control l i ng Screens
Average Di ameter 0.70mm 0.81mm 1.10mm
Shape RP56
3
95.50 93.70 92.70
g/cm
3
1.53 1.50 1.48
(fi nes) 4,000 psi 0.70 2.10 1.10
6,000 psi 2.00 5.90 1.80
8,000 psi 5.90
10,000 psi 15.30
Porosi ty @ 250 F 2,000 psi 0.29 0.33 0.32
4,000 psi 0.26 0.29 0.25
6,000 psi 0.23 0.26 0.17
8,000 psi 0.19
10,000 psi 0.09
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>90%
Between
Control l i ng
Screens
>90%
Between
Control l i ng
Screens
>90%
Between
Control l i ng
Screens
0 psi /ambi ent
20/40 = 0. 405
16/30 = 0. 415
12/20 = 0. 420
SuperLC Technical Bulletin (Contd)
ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
HYPERPROP
DYNAPROP
MAGNAPROP
OPTIPROP
SUPER HS
SUPER DC
SUPER LC
SUPER TF
SUPER HT
POLARPROP
ACTIVATORS
QUIT
{ BACK NEXT }
QUIT
{ BACK NEXT }
Super LC Technical Bulletin (Contd)
Closure 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000
20/40 SLC 4,490 3,954 2,842 1,029 452
20/40 STF 3,069 2,550 1,393 561 279
Closure 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000
20/40 SLC 238 219 161 62 29
20/40 STF 228 98 49 20 9
10,000
1,000
100
10
1,000
100
10
1
20/40 SUPER LC WITH 20/40 SUPER TF
@250 F, 50 HRS, @ 2 LBS/FT
2
Closure 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000
16/30 SLC 8,623 4,509 1,909
16/30 Jordan 8,837 3,300 1,238
Closure 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000
16/30 SLC 406 251 114
16/30 Jordan 466 182 72
10,000
1,000
100
10
1,000
100
10
1
16/30 SUPER LC WITH 16/30 NORTHERN WHITE SAND
(JORDAN) @250 F, 50 HRS, @ 2 LBS/FT
2
Closure 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000
12/20 SLC 17,150 7,389
12/20 Jordan 16,048 4,601
Closure 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000
20/40 SLC 892 399
12/20 Jordan 829 251
100,000
10,000
1,000
100
1,000
100
10
1
12/20 SUPER LC WITH 12/20 NORTHERN WHITE SAND
(JORDAN) @250 F, 50 HRS, @ 2 LBS/FT
2
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PERMEABILITY
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end of section
ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
HYPERPROP
DYNAPROP
MAGNAPROP
OPTIPROP
SUPER HS
SUPER DC
SUPER LC
SUPER TF
SUPER HT
POLARPROP
ACTIVATORS
QUIT
{ BACK NEXT }
QUIT
{ BACK NEXT }
Super TF is Santrols
economical curable
resin coated Twenty
Forty product
Super TF
Super TF (STF) is Santrols economical curable resin coated "Twenty Forty" (API
20/40) product providing better crush and conductivity performance than raw sand in
shallow wells with medium to low closure pressures (4,000 psi to 6,000 psi) with the
added benefits of flowback and embedment control.
STF is manufactured by resin coating API, high sphericity, monocrystalline Northern
White silica sands of the Jordan, St. Peter and Wonowoc formations with a strong
resin coating using a patented process that permanently anchors the coating to the
sand grain surface. The resin coating increases the strength of the sand grain to resist
crushing and, as it cures in the formation, the coating bonds the individual proppant
grains together to prevent flow-back and minimize embedment.
STF may be used in hydraulic fractured wells with bottom hole temperatures above
70 F. The cured resin coating is temperature stable up to 600 F. Since STF requires
closure stress to bond, it will not normally bond in the tubing or casing where there is
bond Strength (See Activators in this manual)
ECONOMICAL REPLACEMENT
FOR ALL 20/40 FRAC SANDS
EXCELLENT FLOWBACK
CONTROL
REDUCES PROPPANT
EMBEDMENT
INCREASES FRACTURE WIDTH
LOW CRUSH AND LOW FINES
GENERATION
more
ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
HYPERPROP
DYNAPROP
MAGNAPROP
OPTIPROP
SUPER HS
SUPER DC
SUPER LC
SUPER TF
SUPER HT
POLARPROP
ACTIVATORS
QUIT
{ BACK NEXT }
QUIT
{ BACK NEXT }
Super TF (Contd)
SuperTF Technical Bulletin
Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) of 20/40 STF (in psi)
in 2% KCl. At 100 F 1.0% Superset W used (10 gal-
lons/1000 gallons KCl). Press load rate @ 100psi/min,
specimen broken immediately after removal from Baroid cell
after flushing with 2% KCl. Activator loading should be
tested for each particular job to ensure the optimum usage.
100 F 20 50 65
200 F 130 370 430
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200 F 100 F
24 Hour
12 Hour
1 Hour
500 psi
400 psi
300 psi
200 psi
100 psi
0 psi
ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
HYPERPROP
DYNAPROP
MAGNAPROP
OPTIPROP
SUPER HS
SUPER DC
SUPER LC
SUPER TF
SUPER HT
POLARPROP
ACTIVATORS
QUIT
{ BACK NEXT }
QUIT
{ BACK NEXT }
Super TF Technical Bulletin
Test Method API Spec 20/40 Super TF
( Norther n ASTME 20
Whi te Sand) 25 90% Between
% Between 30 Control l i ng
Control l i ng Screens 35 Screens
>90% 40
50
Pan Max 1.0
Shape RP56
3
96.00
g/cm
3
1.54
(fi nes) 4,000 psi 1.30
6,000 psi 3.40
8,000 psi
10,000 psi
Porosi ty @ 250 F 2,000 psi 0.31
4,000 psi 0.27
6,000 psi 0.24
8,000 psi 0.19
10,000 psi 0.12
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20/40 = 0. 400
SuperTF Technical Bulletin (Contd)
ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
HYPERPROP
DYNAPROP
MAGNAPROP
OPTIPROP
SUPER HS
SUPER DC
SUPER LC
SUPER TF
SUPER HT
POLARPROP
ACTIVATORS
QUIT
{ BACK NEXT }
QUIT
{ BACK NEXT }
Super TF Technical Bulletin (Contd)
Closure 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000
20/40 STF 3,069 2,550 1,393 561 279
Jordan 4,223 1,762 849 339 101
Closure 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000
20/40 STF 169 143 80 35 18
Jordan 228 98 49 20 9
10,000
1,000
100
10
1,000
100
10
1
20/40 SUPER TF WITH 20/40 WHITE SAND (JORDAN)
@250 F, 50 HRS, @ 2 LBS /FT
2
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end of section
ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
HYPERPROP
DYNAPROP
MAGNAPROP
OPTIPROP
SUPER HS
SUPER DC
SUPER LC
SUPER TF
SUPER HT
POLARPROP
ACTIVATORS
QUIT
{ BACK NEXT }
QUIT
{ BACK NEXT }
Super HT is Santrols
highly curable, high
tensile curable
product
Super HT
Super HT (SHT) is Santrols High Tensile curable coated sand product that has found
a wide range of applications including Frac Packs and screenless completions. The
high bond strength allows SHT to be used at low temperatures as low as 70 F in
conjunction with an activator in Gravel Pack Frac Pack and Fracturing applications.
Below this temperature range PolarProp should be considered the product of first
choice.
SHT can be set up with as little as 1 psi differential pressure and should only be used
where the completion allows for cleanout of the material inside the casing after the
treatment. Where crosslinked gels are used during the treatment compatibility
testing should be performed.
SHT is manufactured at all of Santrols US and European plants by resin coating sand
using a process that permanently anchors the coating to the sand surface. The resin
protects the proppant base from quick stress loading and provides additional
toughness resulting in higher crush resistance over silica sand.
SHT may be used in hydraulic fractured wells with bottom hole temperatures above
70 F and closures up to 5,000 psi. The cured resin coating is stable up to 600 F.
LOW TEMPERATURE (>70 F),
LOW CLOSURE, HIGH TENSILE
CURABLE PROPPANT
HIGH UNCONFINED
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH
EXCELS UP TO 5,000 PSI
CLOSURE
HIGH FLOWBACK RESISTANCE
REDUCED EMBEDMENT
USED IN CONJUNCTION
ACTIVATOR (70 F TO 150 F)
USED IN SCREENLESS
COMPLETIONS AND FRAC PACKS
more
ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
HYPERPROP
DYNAPROP
MAGNAPROP
OPTIPROP
SUPER HS
SUPER DC
SUPER LC
SUPER TF
SUPER HT
POLARPROP
ACTIVATORS
QUIT
{ BACK NEXT }
QUIT
{ BACK NEXT }
Super HT (Contd)
Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) of 20/40 SHT (in psi)
All data 1,000 psi closure for time intervals, 5 minute shear in
2% KCl. At 100 F 1% Superset W Activator used (10 gal-
lons/1000 gallons KCl). Press load rate @ 100psi/min,
specimen broken immediately after removal from Baroid cell
after flushing with 2% KCl. Activator loading should be tested
for each particular job to ensure the optimum usage.
100 F 90 120 161
200 F 100 170 180
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12 Hour
4 Hour
1 Hour
250 psi
200 psi
150 psi
100 psi
50 psi
0 psi
SuperHT Technical Bulletin
ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
HYPERPROP
DYNAPROP
MAGNAPROP
OPTIPROP
SUPER HS
SUPER DC
SUPER LC
SUPER TF
SUPER HT
POLARPROP
ACTIVATORS
QUIT
{ BACK NEXT }
QUIT
{ BACK NEXT }
Super HT Technical Bulletin
Test Method API Spec 20/40 Super HT 16/30 Super HT 12/20 Super HT
% Between 35 25 18
Control l i ng Screens 40 30 20
>90% 50 40 30
Shape RP56
3
96.00 94.00 93.00
g/cm
3
1.54 1.51 1.49
(fi nes) 4,000 psi 1.20 2.10 1.60
6,000 psi 2.80 3.40 4.10
8,000 psi
10,000 psi
Porosi ty @ 250 F 2,000 psi 0.41 0.41 0.43
4,000 psi 0.33 0.38 0.41
6,000 psi 0.26 0.27 0.24
8,000 psi 0.23 0.16 0.11
10,000 psi
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>90%
Between
Control l i ng
Screens
>90%
Between
Control l i ng
Screens
>90%
Between
Control l i ng
Screens
0 psi /ambi ent
20/40 = 0. 420
16/30 = 0. 430
12/20 = 0. 440
SuperHT Technical Bulletin (Contd)
ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
HYPERPROP
DYNAPROP
MAGNAPROP
OPTIPROP
SUPER HS
SUPER DC
SUPER LC
SUPER TF
SUPER HT
POLARPROP
ACTIVATORS
QUIT
{ BACK NEXT }
QUIT
{ BACK NEXT }
Super HT Technical Bulletin (Contd)
Closure 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000
20/40 SHT 3,850 3,074 2,568 800 250
Closure 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000
20/40 SHT 186 168 139 90 15
10,000
1,000
100
10
1,000
100
10
1
20/40 SUPER HT
@250 F, 50 HRS, @ 2 LBS/FT
2
Closure 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000
16/30 SHT 3,904 3,330 2,401 1,218
Closure 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000
16/30 SHT 199 186 141 62
10,000
1,000
100
10
1,000
100
10
1
16/30 SUPER HT
@250 F, 50 HRS, @ 2 LBS/FT
2
Closure 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000
12/20 SHT 8,260 5,460 3,277 1,572
Closure 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000
20/40 SHT 220 191 158 91
10,000
1,000
100
10
1,000
100
10
1
12/20 SUPER HT
@250 F, 50 HRS, @ 2 LBS/FT
2
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CONDUCTIVITY
PERMEABILITY
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end of section
ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
HYPERPROP
DYNAPROP
MAGNAPROP
OPTIPROP
SUPER HS
SUPER DC
SUPER LC
SUPER TF
SUPER HT
POLARPROP
ACTIVATORS
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PolarProp is Santrols
newest curable product
for low temperatures
(60 F - 150 F)
PolarProp
PolarProp is Santrols newest addition to the encapsulated curable range of products,
enabling effective flowback resistance to be developed at temperatures traditionally
below those of curable resin coated sands. When used in the range of 60 F to 150 F
and with Santrols newest activator (SSP), this product develops greater compressive
strength than previous traditional curable products. PolarProp is ideally suited for low
to moderate closure stress applications with the added benefit of a good level of
compatibility with fluid and breaker systems. PolarProp may be used with a range of
buffered fluid systems, including borates.*
PolarProp is designed as a stress curable proppant, that consolidates only after grain
to grain contact under pressure has occurred. This provides flowback control and
embedment reduction as well as providing extra resistance to stress cycling and a
reduction in turbulent flow as individual grain imperfections are surface coated with a
resin, reducing non-Darcy effects.
more
POLARPROP IS SANTROLS
ENCAPSULATED CURABLE
LOW TEMPERATURE
(60 F - 150 F)
PROPPANT
POLARPROP EXHIBITS GOOD
FLUID SYSTEMS
POLARPROP DEVELOPS
SIGNIFICANT UCS AT LOW
TEMPERATURE
EXCELS IN 500 PSI TO
FLOWBACK RESISTANCE
REDUCED EMBEDMENT
USED IN CONJUNCTION
WITH NEW ACTIVATOR SSP
ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
HYPERPROP
DYNAPROP
MAGNAPROP
OPTIPROP
SUPER HS
SUPER DC
SUPER LC
SUPER TF
SUPER HT
POLARPROP
ACTIVATORS
PolarProp (Contd)
PolarProp is manufactured at all of Santrols US and European plants by resin coating
either sand or lightweight ceramic with multiple strong coats of resin using a process
that permanently anchors the coating to the ceramic surface. The resin protects the
proppant base from quick stress loading and provides additional toughness resulting in
higher crush resistance.
PolarProp may be used in hydraulic fractured wells with bottom hole temperatures
above 60 F and closures in the 500 psi to 6,000 psi range. The cured resin coating is
stable up to 600 F.
* Buffer loadings in proprietary x-linked fluids should be tested with PolarProp prior to pumping.
Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) of 20/40 PolarProp (in psi)
in 2% KCI. At 70 F 1% Superset P Activator used (10 gal-
lons per 1000 gallons KCI). At 80 F or above, 0.50%
Superset P used. Press load rate @ 100 psi/min, specimen
flushing with 2% KCI. Activator loading should be tested for
each particular job to ensure the optimum usage.
70 F 90 120 161
80 F 100 150 180
90 F 110 170 200
100 F 115 190 230
C
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U
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T
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S
S
100 F 90 F 80 F 70 F
12 Hour
4 Hour
1 Hour
250 psi
200 psi
150 psi
100 psi
50 psi
0 psi
PolarProp Technical Bulletin
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ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
HYPERPROP
DYNAPROP
MAGNAPROP
OPTIPROP
SUPER HS
SUPER DC
SUPER LC
SUPER TF
SUPER HT
POLARPROP
ACTIVATORS
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PolarProp Technical Bulletin
Test Method API Spec 20/40 Pol arProp
( Norther n ASTME 20
Whi te Sand) 25 90% Between
% Between 30 Control l i ng
Control l i ng Screens 35 Screens
>90% 40
50
Pan Max 1.0
Shape RP56
3
96.00
g/cm
3
1.54
(fi nes) 4,000 psi 1.86
6,000 psi 5.70
8,000 psi 9.94
10,000 psi 19.38
Porosi ty @ 250 F 2,000 psi 0.42
4,000 psi 0.34
6,000 psi 0.26
8,000 psi 0.24
10,000 psi
T
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S
p
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s
0 psi /ambi ent
20/40 = 0. 420
PolarProp Technical Bulletin (Contd)
ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
HYPERPROP
DYNAPROP
MAGNAPROP
OPTIPROP
SUPER HS
SUPER DC
SUPER LC
SUPER TF
SUPER HT
POLARPROP
ACTIVATORS
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PolarProp Technical Bulletin (Contd)
Closure 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000
PolarProp 5,102 3,760 1,520
Closure 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000
PolarProp 346 246 152
10,000
1,000
100
10
1,000
100
10
1
20/40 POLARPROP
@70 F, 50 HRS, @ 2 LBS /FT
2
L
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F
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C
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CONDUCTIVITY
PERMEABILITY
C
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end of section
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ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
BIOBALLS
SOLUBLE BALL
SEALERS
SUPERPAC
RESIN COATED
GRAVEL PACK
SANPAC
GRAVEL PACK AND
FRAC SANDS
TEMPERED
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
ACTIVATORS
Santrol
Superset
Activators
Superset activators are liquid chemicals used to help bond curable resin proppants
together when down hole temperatures are too low to thermally activate
resin bonding.
Superset products are generally recommended for use with curable resin coated
proppants in wells where the bottom hole temperature is below 150 F (66 C).
When using PolarProp, activator is recommended below 100 F. Supersets work by
activating the curable resin to maximize grain to grain bonding, therefore providing
proppant flowback control, minimizing embedment and increasing the conductivity
of the fracture for better well performance.
The following table shows the Superset additive concentrations suggested with
various shut-in times and temperatures. The concentration of Superset used in frac
fluids is measured in gallons per thousand gallons of the base gel frac fluid; not on
the total slurry volume.
SUPERSET W FOR USE IN
WATER BASED FRAC FLUIDS
SUPERSET O FOR USE IN OIL
BASED FRAC FLUIDS AND
SELECTED WATER BASE FLUIDS
SUPERSET P FOR USE IN
WATER BASE FRAC FLUIDS
BELOW 100 F WITH
POLARPROP
more
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ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
BIOBALLS
SOLUBLE BALL
SEALERS
SUPERPAC
RESIN COATED
GRAVEL PACK
SANPAC
GRAVEL PACK AND
FRAC SANDS
TEMPERED
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
ACTIVATORS
Shut-in time (hrs) 1 to 4 Hrs 4 to 8 Hrs More than 8 Hrs
Temperature (F) gal/1000 gal. gal/1000 gal. gal/1000 gal
75 - 100 10 10 10
100 - 125 10 7.5 7.5
125 - 150 7.5 5 5
Over 150 5 0 0
Shut-in time (hrs) 1 to 4 Hrs 4 to 8 Hrs More than 8 Hrs
Temperature (F) gal/1000 gal. gal/1000 gal. gal/1000 gal
65 -70 15 15 10
70 - 75 5 5 5
75 -80 5 3 3
Over 80 5 3 2
Superset is a registered trademark of Santrol
RECOMMENDED CONCENTRATION OF SUPERSET W OR SUPERSET O
RECOMMENDED CONCENTRATION OF SUPERSET P
Santrol
Superset
Activators (Contd)
more
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ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
BIOBALLS
SOLUBLE BALL
SEALERS
SUPERPAC
RESIN COATED
GRAVEL PACK
SANPAC
GRAVEL PACK AND
FRAC SANDS
TEMPERED
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
ACTIVATORS
Superset activators are usually added on-the-fly, in the blender tub or suction manifold with the frac fluid. They can also be
premixed with most frac fluids. Normal shut-in time is eight hours or until the frac gel breaks and the fracture closes. Where operationally
feasible, to achieve optimum bond strength, the Superset should be flushed off the proppant pack at about 1 to 4 hours after completion
of the actual hydraulic fracturing phase of the operation . This will enable the resin bonds to harden and provide optimum flow-back resistance.*
Flushing the Superset off the pack (diluting it down) can be accomplished by very slowly pumping into the pack with water or 2%
KCl after the prescribed time, backflowing the well very slowly until the fluid volume with the activator is back in the tubing, or may
happen naturally in high water cut reservoirs. Bottom hole pressure in an overflush should not exceed frac pressure.
During the latter stages of the frac as the proppant to liquid ratio increases it is suggested that the liquid additive rate be monitored
closely to insure the desired Superset concentration is maintained.
When pumping energized or foamed fluid, it is important to compensate for the gas phase content of the frac fluid. In order to have
the proper amount of activator in the final fluid formulation it will be necessary to increase the amount of Superset in the liquid base gel
part of the fluid.
As a general rule if using a 50 quality foam it is necessary to double the amount of Superset in the base gel or liquid phase. If using a
70 quality foam the amount of Superset required in the base gel or liquid phase would be tripled.
Superset
Field Procedures
more
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ORDERING AND
DISTRIBUTION
SANTROL OVERVIEW
SELECTION AND
FIELD GUIDES
SANTROL PRODUCTS
BIOBALLS
SOLUBLE BALL
SEALERS
SUPERPAC
RESIN COATED
GRAVEL PACK
SANPAC
GRAVEL PACK AND
FRAC SANDS
TEMPERED
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
CURABLE
RESIN COATED
PROPPANTS
ACTIVATORS
Superset
Field Procedures (Contd)
Santrol recommends that the activator loading be optimized for a particular fluid and frac treatment on a job-by-job basis. This
will assure the customer of the performance and bonding time for the actual downhole conditions.
Supersets are available in 55 gallon drums and 5-gallon pails. All Supersets should be handled with the same precautions used
in handling any specialty chemical. Always read the MSDS prior to opening containers.
Physical Data Superset W Superset O Superset P
Specific Gravity 0.80 0.92 0.88
Weight (lbs./gal) 6.60 7.66 7.98
Drum Weight - 55 gal. (lbs) 404 459 439
Pail Weight - 5 gal. (lbs) 35.3 40.3 39.9
* Superset overflushes have been used as squeezes the day following a frac treatment. While this is not generally recommended, next day overflushes can be achieved by
pumping a spacer volume in advance of the overflush (5 - 8 bbls). Flush until the Superset liquid reaches the top perforation and shut-in the well for sufficient time for the pack
to consolidate.
end of section

3 - Arenas Curables y Activadores

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