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GLOSSARY.
The Museum of Economic Geology, in Jermyn Street, wus designed 183718, by th.6
late Sir James Pennethoroe. It is well adapted for the special purpose. The hall or
museum is 9.5 feet long, 55 feet wide, and 32 feet high to the springing of the iron roof,
and 42 feet 9 inches to its crown. It is also a good specimen of well-selected
Anston stone, and cost about 30,000^. The Fitzwilliiim Museum, at Cambridge, was
commencetl in 1837 by George Baseri, and partially completed after his death in 1845
by C. R. Cockerell. R.A. ; but it has since received several additions and alterations
for the increased coLections. The South Kensington Museum, as it is called, com-
bining works of art and manufacture of modern date, has many portions to be highly
commended. The Art Museums at Dublin, Edinburgh, in the castle at Nottingham,
Manche-ter, and numerous other towns, afford examples for the future designer of
such useful edifices for general purposes. Tlie Natural History Museum at Soutii
Kensington, designed 1873-bl by Mr. Alfred W.iterhouse, R.A., affords one of the
latest examples of a building for a special purpose. It is probably the largest modern
building in which terra-cotta has been exclusively used for external and internal sur-
faces, including architectural and decorative features, except ceilings and floors. It is
670 feet long and 290 feet deep.
The public museum and library erected at Havre, by M. L. Fortune Brunet
Debaines, about 1848, is exceedingly meritorious. It consists of a central hall for
sculpture ; on either side, and separated from it by nn open iircade, by means of
which the hall is lig ited, is a gallery and museum, the floor of which is six or eight
feet above the floor of the hall, so as to afford rooms for attemlants, &c., beneath.
Access to these galleries is had from the hall by a flight of steps on each side of the
entrance in front. A long flight of steps from the centre of the back of the hall, with
other flights right and left, conduit to a picture gallery over the hall, and to a library,
Containing 20,000 volumes, over the side galleries. It is a square of about 100 feet,
not including the principal staircase. The building, without the fittings, cost about
40,000/. It is of stone.
MusHuEBEEYKH. The Arabic term for a projecting balcony enclosed with lattice work, in
which the occupiers of a house can sit without being sien from the street and enjoy
the air.
MusjiD. The Arabic for a mosque; the jumma muyid is the chief mosque of a
city.
Mutilated Cornice and Pediment. One that is broken or discontinued. Such works
were much used during the worst p^-riod of the Renaissance, and may still be seen
occasionally introduced in modern buildings
Mutilation. (Lat.) The de'acing or cutting away of any regular body. The word is
applied to statues and buildings where anj' p;irt is wanting.
MuTULE. (Lat.) A projecting ornament of the Doric cornice, which occupies the plnce
of the modillion in the other orders, and is supposed to represent the ends of ratters.
The mutule has always been assumed as an imitation of the end of a wooden rafter;
hence, say the advocates for a timber type, they are properly represented with a decli-
nation towards the front of the coronas.
N
Nail. (Sax. Naejel.) A small metal spike for fastening one piece of timber to Riiother.
The sorts of nails are very numerous. Those of mf)st common use in building are
known by the names of ten-pennt/, twenty-penny, and two-shilting naih. Boss nails are
drawn square in the shank. Brads are long and slender nails withijut heads, used for
thin deal work to avoid splitting. Tacks, the smallest sort of which serve to fasten
Jiuen or paper to wood ; the middling fur medium work
; the larg/r size are much i;sed
by upholcterers. Cut nails, or nails cut by miichinery instead of being wrought by
hand as formerly, are now much used, especially for securing flooring boards to the
timbers. See Adhesion.
Nail-head Moulding. One used in Norman buildings, and S) calltd from being formed
by a series of projections resembling the heads of nails or square knobs.
Naked. A term applied ei'her to a column or wall to denote the face or pi tin surface
from which the projections rise.
Naked Flocking. The assemblage of timbers for the floor of a building, whereof there
are three sorts, viz., single flooring, double flooring, and double-framed flooring.
Naked of a Wall. The remote face whence the projections take their rise. It is gene-
rally a plain surface, and when the plan is circular the naked is the surface of a cylinder
with its axis perpendicular to the horizon.
Naos. (Gr.) See Cell.