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~
V d
~
A 5 0
(4.15a) Page
106
Continuity (mass conservation),
steady ow, uniform ow:
X
CS
~
V
~
A 5 0
(4.15b) Page
106
Momentum (Newtons
second law):
~
F 5
~
F
S
1
~
F
B
5
@
@t
Z
CV
~
V dV--- 1
Z
CS
~
V
~
V d
~
A
(4.17a) Page
111
Momentum (Newtons second
law), uniform ow:
~
F 5
~
F
S
1
~
F
B
5
@
@t
Z
CV
~
V dV--- 1
X
CS
~
V
~
V
~
A
(4.17b) Page
111
Momentum (Newtons second
law), scalar components:
F
x
5 F
S
x
1F
B
x
5
@
@t
Z
CV
u dV--- 1
Z
CS
u
~
V d
~
A
F
y
5 F
S
y
1F
B
y
5
@
@t
Z
CV
v dV--- 1
Z
CS
v
~
V d
~
A
F
z
5 F
S
z
1F
B
z
5
@
@t
Z
CV
w dV--- 1
Z
CS
w
~
V d
~
A
(4.18a)
(4.18b)
(4.18c)
Page
112
Momentum (Newtons second
law), uniform ow, scalar
components:
F
x
5 F
S
x
1F
B
x
5
@
@t
Z
CV
u dV--- 1
X
CS
u
~
V
~
A
F
y
5 F
S
y
1F
B
y
5
@
@t
Z
CV
v dV--- 1
X
CS
v
~
V
~
A
F
z
5 F
S
z
1F
B
z
5
@
@t
Z
CV
w dV--- 1
X
CS
w
~
V
~
A
(4.18d)
(4.18e)
(4.18f)
Page
112
Bernoulli equation (steady,
incompressible, frictionless,
ow along a streamline):
p
1
V
2
2
1gz 5 constant
(4.24) Page
124
Momentum (Newtons second
law), inertial control volume
(stationary or constant speed):
~
F 5
~
F
S
1
~
F
B
5
@
@t
Z
CV
~
V
xyz
dV--- 1
Z
CS
~
V
xyz
~
V
xyz
d
~
A
(4.26) Page
126
Momentum (Newtons second
law), rectilinear acceleration of
control volume:
~
F
S
1
~
F
B
2
Z
CV
~a
rf
dV--- 5
@
@t
Z
CV
~
V
xyz
dV---
Z
CS
~
V
xyz
~
V
xyz
d
~
A
(4.33) Page
130
Angular-momentum principle:
~r 3
~
F
s
1
Z
CV
~r 3~g dV--- 1
~
T
shaft
5
@
@t
Z
CV
~r 3
~
V dV--- 1
Z
CS
~r 3
~
V
~
V d
~
A
(4.46) Page
136
148 Chapter 4 Basic Equations in Integral Form for a Control Volume
First law of thermodynamics: _
Q2
_
W
s
2
_
W
shear
2
_
W
other
5
@
@t
Z
CV
e dV--- 1
Z
CS
u1pv 1
V
2
2
1gz
~
V d
~
A
(4.56) Page
143
Second law of
thermodynamics:
@
@t
Z
CV
s dV--- 1
Z
CS
s
~
V d
~
A$
Z
CS
1
T
_
Q
A
!
dA
(4.58) Page
147
Problems
Basic Laws for a System
4.1 A mass of 5 lbm is released when it is just in contact with a
spring of stiffness 25 lbf/ft that is attached to the ground.
What is the maximum spring compression? Compare this to
the deection if the mass was just resting on the compressed
spring. What would be the maximum spring compression if
the mass was released from a distance of 5 ft above the top
of the spring?
4.2 An ice-cube tray containing 250 mL of freshwater at 15
C
is placed in a freezer at 25