9/30/2014 Microelectronics - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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Microelectronics
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Microelectronics is a subfield of electronics. As the name suggests, microelectronics relates to the study
and manufacture (or microfabrication) of very small electronic designs and components. Usually, but not
always, this means micrometre-scale or smaller. These devices are typically made from semiconductor
materials. Many components of normal electronic design are available in a microelectronic equivalent.
These include transistors, capacitors, inductors, resistors, diodes and (naturally) insulators and
conductors can all be found in microelectronic devices. Unique wiring techniques such as wire bonding
are also often used in microelectronics because of the unusually small size of the components, leads and
pads. This technique requires specialized equipment and is expensive.
Digital integrated circuits (ICs) consist mostly of transistors. Analog circuits commonly contain resistors
and capacitors as well. Inductors are used in some high frequency analog circuits, but tend to occupy
large chip area if used at low frequencies; gyrators can replace them in many applications.
As techniques improve, the scale of microelectronic components continues to decrease. At smaller
scales, the relative impact of intrinsic circuit properties such as interconnections may become more
significant. These are called parasitic effects, and the goal of the microelectronics design engineer is to
find ways to compensate for or to minimize these effects, while always delivering smaller, faster, and
cheaper devices.
See also
Analog circuit
Digital circuit
Electrical engineering
Kelvin probe force microscope
Macroelectronics
Microscale chemistry
Micromasonry
Nanoelectronics
References
Veendrick, H.J.M. (2011). Bits on Chips. p. 253. ISBN 978-1-61627-947-9.
http://openlibrary.org/works/OL15759799W/Bits_on_Chips/
External links
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?
title=Microelectronics&oldid=582720487"
Categories: Electronics
9/30/2014 Microelectronics - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microelectronics 2/2
This page was last modified on 21 November 2013 at 20:23.
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