ANLISE DE FADIGA NOS VASOS DE PRESSO: CONSTRUO DO MODELO

NUMRICO DOS CASCOS CILINDRICOS DOS ACUMULADORES DE AR/LEO DO

SISTEMA REGULADOR DE VELOCIDADE ATRAVS DO SOFTWARE ANSYS@

Autora: Suziane Bugarim Meireles

Comandos do programa Ansys@ verso 11.0
1. Titulo da anlise
Utility Menu > File > Change Title [TITLE]:
Acumulador Ar oleo
2. Nome do arquivo
Utility Menu > File > Change Jobname:
Casco VP
3. Etapa de Pr-processamento
3.1 Escolha do Elemento
Ansys Main Menu > Preprocessor> Element type > Add/ Edit/ Delete:
Solid > 8node 183> OK.
Click Options, selecione Axisymmetric for K3 (Element behavior) > OK > Close.
3.2 Propriedades do Material
Ansys Main Menu > Preprocessor > Material Props> Material Models > Structural > Linear > Elastic >
Isotropic:
EX 210e9
PRXY 0.3
OK.
3.3 Criando a Geometria
Ansys Main Menu > Preprocessor > Modeling> Create > Keypoint >In Active CS >

N Keypoint X Y
1 0.85 0 Apply
2 0.85 2.3 Apply
3 0.897 2.3 Apply
4 0.897 0 OK

3.3.1 Formao das linhas atravs dos keypoints
Ansys Main Menu > Preprocessor > Modeling> Create > Lines >Lines >Straight Line>
Click em cada keypoint > OK.



3.3.2 Criando rea
Ansys Main Menu > Preprocessor > Modeling> Create > Areas >Arbitrary >By lines > loop.
3.4 Gerando a Malha
Ansys Main Menu > Preprocessor > Meshing > Mesh Tool >
Size Controls> Areas>
element length 0.01 >Mesh: Areas> Quad, Mapped > Mesh > OK > Close.
4. Etapa de Soluo
Eventos estabelecidos pela variao de presso nos acumuladores de ar/leo.

N do Evento N da Carga Cargas N de Ciclos Passo de Atuao da Carga
1 1 6,8 MPa
900.000
1s
1 2 6,5 MPa 900s
2 1 6,5 MPa 901s
2 2 6,8 MPa 990s

Ansys Main Menu > Solution > Analysis Type > New Analysis > Transient > OK > Full > OK.
Ansys Main Menu > Solution > Sols Controls>Basic Tab>
Time at end of loadstep: 0 >Transient Tab> Stepped Loading > OK.
4.1 Aplicao das Cargas e Condies de Simetria
Define Loads>Apply >Structural>Displacement> Symmetry B.C.>On Lines.
Selecionar a linha 3 no modelo > OK.
Ansys Main Menu >Solution > Define Loads >Apply >Structural > Pressure >OnLines >
Selecionar a linha da parte interna do casco cilndrico do vaso de presso, linha 2 >OK>
Load PRES value: 6.8e6 >OK.
Load Step Opts >Write LS File> Load step file number n: 1> OK

Ansys Main Menu > Solution > Sols Controls >Basic Tab>
Time at end of loadstep: 900 > OK.
Define Loads>Delete>Structural> Pressure > On Line > Pick All > OK.

Define Loads> Apply >Structural>Displacement> Symmetry B.C. >On Lines.
Selecionar a linha 3 no modelo > OK.
Ansys Main Menu > Solution > Define Loads >Apply >Structural > Pressure > On Lines >
Selecionar a linha da parte interna do casco cilndrico do vaso de presso, linha 2 >OK>
Load PRES value: 6.5e6 >OK.
Load Step Opts >Write LS File> Load step file number n: 2 > OK

Ansys Main Menu > Solution > Sols Controls >Basic Tab>
Time at end of loadstep: 900 > OK.
Define Loads>Delete>Structural> Pressure > On Line > Pick All > OK.

Define Loads> Apply >Structural>Displacement> Symmetry B.C. >On Lines.
Selecionar a linha 3 no modelo > OK.
Ansys Main Menu > Solution > Define Loads >Apply >Structural > Pressure > On Lines >
Selecionar a linha da parte interna do casco cilndrico do vaso de presso, linha 2 >OK>
Load PRES value: 6.5e6 >OK.
Load Step Opts >Write LS File> Load step file number n: 3 > OK

Ansys Main Menu > Solution > Sols Controls >Basic Tab>
Time at end of loadstep: 990 > OK.
Define Loads>Delete>Structural> Pressure > On Line > Pick All > OK.

Define Loads> Apply >Structural>Displacement> Symmetry B.C. >On Lines.
Selecionar a linha 3 no modelo > OK.
Ansys Main Menu > Solution > Define Loads >Apply >Structural > Pressure > On Lines >
Selecionar a linha da parte interna do casco cilndrico do vaso de presso, linha 2 >OK>
Load PRES value: 6.8e6 >OK.
Load Step Opts >Write LS File> Load step file number n: 4 > OK
4.2 Obtendo a Soluo
Ansys Main Menu > Solution >Solve>From LS Files>
Starting LS file number: 1
Ending LS file number: 4
File number increment: 1 > OK



Ansys Main Menu > General Postproc>Read Results>By Pick>
Select Set: 1 > Read > Close.
5. Anlise de Tenso
Ansys Main Menu >GeneralPostproc> Plot Results > Contour Plot >
Selecione: Stress > 1st Principal stress > OK.



Utility Menu >PlotCtrls> Style >Symmetry Expansion >2-D Axi-Symmetric >
Selecione: 3/4 expansion >OK.


6. Procedimento da Anlise de Fadiga
Ansys Main Menu > General Postproc>Fatigue>Property Table>S-N Table.



Ansys Main Menu > General Postproc>Fatigue>Stress Locations>
NLOC = 1
NODE = 4 (n localizado na extremidade superior da geometria).
TITLE = EX. SUPERIOR> Apply.



Ansys Main Menu > General Postproc>Fatigue>Store Stresses>
From rst File>
NODE: 4
Event: 1
Loading: 1 > Apply.



Ansys Main Menu > General Postproc>Read Results>By Pick>
Select Set: 2 > Read > Close.
Ansys Main Menu > General Postproc>Fatigue >Store Stresses>
From rst File
NODE: 4
Event: 1
Loading: 2 >Apply.

Ansys Main Menu >GeneralPostproc>Read Results>By Pick>
Select Set: 3> Read > Close.
Ansys Main Menu >GeneralPostproc> Fatigue >Store Stresses>
From rst File
NODE: 4
Event: 2
Loading: 1>Apply.

Ansys Main Menu > General Postproc>Read Results>By Pick>
Select Set: 4> Read > Close.
Ansys Main Menu > General Postproc> Fatigue >Store Stresses>
From rst File
NODE: 4
Event: 2
Loading: 2 >Apply.

Ansys Main Menu > General Postproc> Fatigue >Assign Events>
NEV = 1
CYCLE = 900000
TITLE = FATIGUE >Apply.

Ansys Main Menu > General Postproc> Fatigue >Assign Events>
NEV = 2
CYCLE = 900000
TITLE = FATIGUE >Apply.



Ansys Main Menu > GeneralPostproc> Fatigue >Calculate Fatig> OK.



7. Resultados


A intensidade da tenso alternada produzida de 2,939 MPa decorrente da combinao dos 2 eventos com
suas respectivas cargas. Para o estudo, foi considerado que o vaso de presso estar submetido a 900.000
ciclos em 50 anos, tendo 50 ciclos dirios. A partir da Tabela S-N, o mximo nmero de ciclos permitidos
para esta intensidade de tenso 10
6
ciclos. O valor de uso parcial, 0,900 corresponde ao nmero de
ciclos utilizados / ciclos permitidos. O valor de uso acumulado de Fadiga a soma dos fatores de uso
parcial.