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Introduction
Introduction
Industrial Engineering
Attributes
Control
Charts
Examples
p- Control Chart
np- Control Chart
X- Control Chart
R- Control Chart
S- Control Chart
MR Control Chart
Individual Control Chart
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Attributes Control Charts
Introduction
Industrial Engineering
Attributes
Control
Charts
Examples
Control Charts for Nonconformities (Defects)
It is often important to construct control charts for the total number of
nonconformities or the average number of nonconformities for a given area of
opportunity.
Poisson Distribution
The number of nonconformities in a given area can be modeled by the Poisson
distribution. Let c be the parameter for a Poisson distribution, then the mean
and variance of the Poisson distribution are equal to the value c.
The probability of obtaining x nonconformities on a single inspection unit, when
the average number of nonconformities is some constant, c, is found using:
!
) (
x
c e
x p
x c

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Attributes Control Charts
Introduction
Industrial Engineering
Attributes
Control
Charts
Examples
The c-Chart. If the sample size n is constant from sample to sample, the c-chart
is an appropriate control chart for nonconformities
Notations
n = number of units inspected, sample size (this can be size n = 1 or greater).
m = number of samples
X = number of nonconformities per unit inspected.
C= average number of nonconformities:
m
X
c
m
i
i

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c c LCL
c CL
c c UCL
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Attributes Control Charts
Introduction
Industrial Engineering
Attributes
Control
Charts
Examples
u-chart
The u chart monitors the average number of nonconformities
Let u
i
be the average number of nonconformities for the ith sample (i = 1, 2, . . .
, m), where
n
X
u
i
i

m
u
u
m
i
i

1
n
u
u LCL
u CL
n
u
u UCL
3
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Attributes Control Charts
Introduction
Industrial Engineering
Attributes
Control
Charts
Examples
Example
The number of nonconformities observed in 26 successive samples of 100
printed circuits boards.
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Attributes Control Charts
Introduction
Industrial Engineering
Attributes
Control
Charts
Examples
Example
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Attributes Control Charts
Introduction
Industrial Engineering
Attributes
Control
Charts
Examples
Example
A furniture plant is monitoring the number of defects in one of its coffee
table sets. Twenty coffee table sets are randomly chosen each day over a
24-day period and examined for any type of defects. The number of
(nonconformities) are summarized in the following table . Construct c and u
control charts
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Attributes Control Charts
Introduction
Industrial Engineering
Attributes
Control
Charts
Examples
Example
The average number of errors and control limits for the c-chart are
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Attributes Control Charts
Introduction
Industrial Engineering
Attributes
Control
Charts
Examples
Example
C- Chart
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Attributes Control Charts
Introduction
Industrial Engineering
Attributes
Control
Charts
Examples
The average number of nonconformities u
i
f or each day is given in
Table
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Attributes Control Charts
Introduction
Industrial Engineering
Attributes
Control
Charts
Examples
Example
The overall average number of nonconformities per unit is
The control limits for the u-chars are
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Attributes Control Charts
Introduction
Industrial Engineering
Attributes
Control
Charts
Examples
u- Chart

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