Downey NASA Boeing Industrial Plant

A 'Prioritized' Superfund Site

(8 are listed)
FACILII!S IN CALIF"#NIA$% &e 'riteria used in t&e prioritization proto'ol are (() t&e
potential for past per'&lorate use at t&e site and ()) a drin*ing water well wit& greater t&an + pp,
per'&lorate wit&in - .iles$
A.ong t&e (/ sites 0Prioritized Sites% identified1 2 are in t&e Los Angeles #egion as follows3
4 Azuza Du.p Site "wl /51 Azusa
4 Air for'e Plan 6(+ (NASA)1 Downey (Now t&e site of Downey Landing)
4 7ar8uardt #a. 9et De: fa'ility1 ;an Nuys
4 Lo'*&eed Air er.inal1 Bur,an*
4 Po.ona "rdinan'e Depot1 Po.ona (Now t&e site of t&e Los Angeles Fair <rounds)
4 ;an Nuys AAF1 ;an Nuys
4 Los Angeles Defense Area Ni*e Battery =+1 >&ittier
4 Ni*e Battery? Los Pinetos1 New&all
&e Ar.y Corp of !ngineers (Corp) su,.itted a 0Draft Final% per'&lorate sour'e e:aluation
report for ea'& of t&e 2 sites in Septe.,er )@@-$ In ea'& 'ase1 t&e site was re'o..ended for
re.o:al fro. t&e 0Prioritized Sites% list$ Staff 'o.pleted an additional re:iew on ea'& 'ase and
re'o..end eit&er 0no furt&er a'tion% or additional assess.ent at t&ese lo'ations$ "t&er sites
fro. t&e list were also prioritized$ ":er (A@sites wit& lower ris*s re.ain unassessed$
Co..ent3
&e Los Angeles #egional >ater Buality Control Board (#egional Board) and Depart.ent of
o5i' Su,stan'e Control (DSC) .et wit& representati:es of t&e Depart.ent of Defense
Bran'&es (D"D) in April )@@/ to prioritize .ore t&an )@@ sites in t&e Los Angeles #egion wit&
potential per'&lorate usage$
&e 'riteria used in t&e prioritization proto'ol are (() t&e potential for past
per'&lorate use at t&e site and ()) a drin*ing water well wit& greater t&an + pp, per'&lorate
wit&in - .iles$
&e !art&8ua*e da.aged Caiser Per.anente Dospital1 lo'ated in t&e i..ediate neig&,oring
City of Bellflower1 planned to ,uild a new Dospital on t&e NASA Boeing Fa'ility Property ne5t
to t&eir I.perial 7edi'al Clini's$ Bellflower *ept t&eir water Conta.ination issues 8uiet and
were fined ,y t&e Dealt& Dept$ for al.ost a (@ year period$ >&en Downey got t&e <o?A&ead1
Caiser se'ured a E@ a're portion on Par'el / and Par'el ) of t&e + Par'el Fa'ility$ &e City of
Downey and Caiser ,egan ,uilding and people in .ultiple nu.,ers at t&e Caiser Dospital in
Bellflower ,egan dying$
Lea*ing Fnderground Fuel an*s as of (==(
Fnderground Lea*ing Fuel an*s &idden under Fi'titious Business Na.e
Downey Building Produ'ts$ >&en it was dis'o:ered t&is site was ,eing
:iewed it t&en disappeared fro. t&e we,$
A few of t&e .any ACA's of Downey Industrial Plant
Air For'e Plant 6 (+ 'a.e in at /t& on t&e list
C& E=$
Chapter 39. Hazardous Waste Property and Border Zone Property
67390.2. Informaton !e"ured for a #etermnaton.
(a) Upon receipt of a request made pursuant to Health and Safety Code sections 25221,
25222.1, 25233 and 2523, the !epartment shall re"ie# all a"aila$le documents and
other #ritten information #ith re%ard to the property concerned and notify the requester
#hether sufficient e"idence e&ists for the !epartment to proceed #ith a ha'ardous
#aste property or $order 'one property desi%nation, "ariance from such desi%nation, or
remo"al of such desi%nation.
($) (n determinin% #hether sufficient e"idence e&ists for the !epartment to proceed #ith
a determination pursuant to Health and Safety Code sections 25221, 25222.1, 25233
and 2523, the !epartment shall ta)e into account*
(1) the ha'ardous characteristics of the #astes, such as, $ut not limited to, to&icity,
reacti"ity, corrosi"ity, flamma$ility, persistence, $ioaccumulati"e characteristics, and
infectiousness+
(2) factors affectin% the potential for mo"ement of any #aste constituents a#ay from the
site throu%h air, #ater, or soil, such as, $ut not limited to, the quantity of the #astes,
physical state of the #astes, "olatility of the #astes, solu$ility of the #astes, soil $indin%
characteristics of the #astes, soil permea$ility, %eolo%ical characteristics, hydrolo%ical
characteristics, meteorolo%ical characteristics, flood potential and site terrain+ fa'tors
affe'ting t&e potential for e5posure of any population wit&in )1@@@ feet of t&e
wastes su'& as1 ,ut not li.ited to1 'ontain.ent of t&e wastes1 a''essi,ility of t&e
wastes1 ground water use1 wells1 surfa'e water use1 e5isting and potential land use1
sensiti:e en:iron.ents1 and 'riti'al &a,itats$
Less t&an -@ feet fro. t&e Conta.ination are #esidential Neig&,or&oods1 as you 'an see in t&e
pi'ture ,elow1 all along Clar* A:e1 now *nown as Colu.,ia >ay$
,hilip -icolay #ho #or)ed for .arth/ech, #hich #as a -0S0 .n"ironmental Company,
pro"ided the 0$$re"iated ,reliminary 0ssessment Chec)list. ( call your attention to the
$elo# form and $elo# the form the record of Superfund dated 1112.
0fter !o#ney recei"ed the transfer of the ,roperty, ,hil -icolay then #ent on to #or)
for 03C0!(S #hich is the .n"ironmental Company hired $y (30! o"erseein% the
%round#ater remediation at !o#ney and no# at 4ellflo#er. ,hil has #ritten 115 of the
3emediation 3eports on the ,roperty as #ell.
6isted in $99% under the /anner 0ct, #as then the equi"alent to 6ar%e 7uantity
8enerators of Ha'ardous 9aste. 4oein% and -0S0 had the same (! :
-ot in C.3C6(S
not an ;0lias; of another site
<"erseen $y the 3e%ional 9ater 7uality Control 4oard
Caiser was not !ligi,ile for
DSC ;oluntary Clean?Fp Progra.
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(te Hstory
Until 1121, the 1C5Dacre tract of land that comprises the former -0S0 (ndustrial ,lant Site #as used for
crop production. 0fter 1121, a con"entional aircraft manufacturin% facility #as sited on the land. (n the
11C@;s the Site #as used for research de"elopment of "ehicles suita$le for space tra"el. -0S0 ceased its
operation at the Site in 111I. (n 2@@2, a >oluntary Cleanup 0%reement #as entered into $y !/SC and
the site proponent, =aiser Health Goundation, to conduct a ,reliminary .ndan%erment 0ssessment for
,arcels (( and (> of the Site. /hese parcels are proposed for a hospital comple& de"elopment. 3esults
from the ,.0 indicated that a ><C plume from an offsite source #as mi%ratin% $eneath the proposed
hospital comple&. (n -o"em$er 2@@, !/SC appro"ed the ,.0 3eport pro"ided that institutional controls
$e incorporated into the de"elopment. 0dditionally, the 3e%ional 9ater 7uality Control 4oard had
implemented a remedy for the offsite ><C plume.
4ac) to /op K Help K !isclaimer K Contact Us K Site Aap
&e DSC does not .ention any 7ilitary use w&i'& infor.ation was a:aila,le$ &ey
also do not .ention t&e fa'ility as t&e Dead8uarters for Ato.i' International and &a:ing
,een t&e lo'ation of t&e first site of Nu'lear #ea'tors in California$
They do mention INDOOR AIR, SOIL VAPOR, OTHER GROUNDWATER AFFECTED
(USES OTHER THAN DRINKING WATER), SOIL $
The above Docue!" #"a"e#, $A%%&"&o!a''(, "he Re)&o!a' Wa"e* +ua'&"( Co!"*o'
,oa*% ha% &-'ee!"e% a *ee%( .o* "he o/#&"e VOC -'ue$0 Tha" *ee%( ha#
!o" bee! .ou!% &! a!( *e-o*"# a!% acco*%&!) "o o!e EPA O1c&a'2# #"a"ee!"0
$The( #c*e3e% u- a!% %o!2" 4!o3 3ha" "o %o abou" &"$
He*e &# 3ha" DTSC &!"e!%# "o %o5
A!% "he Wa"e* boa*% ha% "he&* o3! 3a( o. cove*&!) .o* Do3!e(6 H&%e "he
U!%e*)*ou!% Lea4&!) Fue' Ta!4 Co!"a&!a"&o! Po&!"# u!%e* a 7c"&"&ou# !ae6
A# o. 899: "he #o&' a!% )*ou!%3a"e* 3a# eve! o*e "o;&c "ha! -*ev&ou#'(
ac4!o3'e%)e% a!% acco*%&!) "o "he 'a3 o. ave*a)e#, "he( #a( &" 3&'' o!'( )e"
3o*#e0
Soil ? Appendi5 I;$F?/ Soils #AP$pdf
Do'u.ent Date De'$ ()1 )@@+
(n addition to the a$o"e, shallo# %round#ater mi%ratin% onto the Site is si%nificantly
impacted #ith ><C concentrations e&ceedin% at least 2@ times the AC6 due to up%radient
><C sources. 0lthou%h Site %round#ater #ill $e remediated "ia the recently
implemented interim %round#ater remedy, continuin% future mi%ration of ><C impacted
#ater from upD%radient sources #ill ma)e it infeasi$le to remediate the
shallo# %round#ater to le"els near of $elo# the AC6s. Since %round#ater remedial
o$Lecti"es ha"e not yet $een esta$lished for the Site, a soil screenin% le"el for
protection of %round#ater cannot $e de"eloped at this time.
%.0 Con;<usons
7odeling 'ondu'ted wit& ;L!ACD indi'ates t&at t&e residual PC! 'on'entrations in
t&e soil .ay te.porarily in'rease groundwater i.pa'ts ,y appro5i.ately 2$A gGL or
slig&tly a,o:e t&e 7CL of - gGL (if ,a'*ground le:els were negligi,le1 w&i'& is not
t&e 'ase at t&e for.er NASA Downey Site)$ It s&ould ,e noted t&at t&e groundwater
a'tion le:els for t&e site &a:e not yet ,een esta,lis&ed1 ,ut will li*ely ,e se:eral orders
of .agnitude &ig&er t&an t&e 7CLs due to se:eral fa'tors3
<roundwater entering t&e site is already i.pa'ted ,y up?gradient sour'es to le:els
as &ig& as )@@ gGL$
!5posure pat&ways for potential re'eptors are in'o.plete$
8*M0,3<B.C/M-0S0MC23.@@12D)no#n soilM3eportsMSoil 3emediation 0ction ,lanM0ppendicesM0ppendi&
4 (Gate F /ransport 0ssessment)M0ppendi& 4 3eport /e&tM0ppendi& 4 /e&t (ID1ID@C).doc
S!C"#'s Additional Phase 2 ESA
/$@ APPARENT PROBLEM As a result of t&ose in:estigations dis'ussed a,o:e1 it was apparent t&at
:arious '&lorinated ;"Cs are present in soil1 soil gas1 and groundwater .edia at t&e Caiser Property$
Due to t&e :olatile nature of t&ese ;"Cs1 t&ere is potential e5posure of future &u.an re'eptors to ;"Cs
e.anating fro. su,surfa'e soil and groundwater to ,ot& a.,ient air and indoor air :ia foundation
'ra'*s$
-$) S!C"#'s Additional Phase 2 ESA
&e &ig&est PC! and C! 'on'entrations (21(@@ and (21@@@ parts per ,illion per :olu.e
Hpp,:I1 respe'ti:ely) in t&e s&allow soil gas at - feet ,gs were found at S;?)A ? nort&east
'orner of t&e Caiser Property$ Soil gas data at t&is lo'ation are &ig&er at - feet ,gs t&an at (-
feet ,gs1 w&i'& differs fro. t&e general trend o,ser:ed at t&e site1 w&ere &ig&er
'on'entrations are dete'ted at deeper dept&s$ Lo'ations w&ere PC! andGor PC! were
dete'ted at ele:ated le:els in soil gas (e$g$1 in t&e t&ousand pp,: le:el) are3 () nort&west of
t&e Caiser Property (CS;?()1 )) nort&eastG'entral of t&e Caiser Property (S;?)1 S;?E1 S;J/1
S;?-1 S;?)A1 S;?E)A1 S;?E)B ? near .onitoring well II?7>?)2# wit& ($= .gGL of C! in
9uly )@@E)1 E) 'entral of t&e Caiser Property (S;?(E1 S;?(/1 S;?(- ? nort& of 7>?)E wit& )
.gGL of C! In 9uly )@@E)$ and /) sout&west of t&e Caiser Property (CS;?E1 S;?))B1 S;?
E/A1 S;?E/B)$ As su'&1 t&e group of ;"Cs found at ele:ated 'on'entrations in soil and soil
gas sa.ples were 'onsistent wit& t&e ;"Cs found in t&e groundwater at t&e Caiser Property$
City of !o#ney 9ell -um$er 3@, is located
appro&imately 5@@ feet south#est of the site and is reportedly perforated from 32 to
31 feet, 51I to 53 feet, and 5II to C2@ feet $%s.
9hen ( $e%an #or)in% at =aiser ( #as told ;!o -</ drin) the tap #ater. 4ottled #ater
#as pro"ided in e"ery !epartment. ( #as also told it #as -</ to $e SH03.! #ith
,atients or the ,u$lic.

!/SC 3eports that -0S0 ceased its operation at the Site in 111I.
Gederal .,0 Superfund !irector ,hilip 0rmstron% %athered up all
!ocuments that #ould ha"e pre"ented the Hospital from $ein% $uilt on
the property. <ne of those many, is a -0S0 !oc. dated 2@@2. !etails
of that !ocument are as follo#s*

Breakdown of the EPA RCRA Philip Armstrong esk o!"ment
Dated @/?@/?)@@)
NASA CA 2A@@@(=/(=
ype of #egulated >aste A'ti:ity ? <enerator3
(a) <reater t&an (@@@ *gG7" ()1)@@ l,s)
A$ Listed Dazardous >aste3
F@@) K spent &alogenated sol:ents
B$ C&ara'teristi's of Non?Listed Dazardous >astes3
to5i'ity '&ara'teristi's
@E= petroleu. distillatesGpesti'ide pyret&ru.s
C$ "t&er >astes3
!PA?#C#A (/@ CF# ) !n:iron.entally Dazardous Su,stan'es
6(E/ K 7et&ylene C&lorideGDi'&loro.et&ane organi' sol:ent1
6E-) K As in3 DuPont Ariel Crop Spray Der,i'ide )?/ oz$ Per A're1
6-)( K Pyret&roid Pesti'ide As in3 CLGCenol In'$ ?#es.et&rin MCenol
Bui'* Cill )N e.ulsifi,le 'on'entrate
Oou .ig&t re'all on t&e for. for Preli.inary Assess.ent a 'lai. &ad ,een
.ade t&at t&ere were no Petroleu. produ'ts used on at or on t&e site$
.&posed contaminated dirt $lo#in% in the #ind. /his !ecem$er 2@@C picture ;#as;
a"aila$le online. 9hen ( #ent $ac) to capture the date, ( found it had $een
remo"ed from the site and is not a"aila$le at any other site $y date. (t seems the
end of 2@@5 and any of 2@@C is not a"aila$le in aerial "ie#s.
In t&e pi'ture a,o:e1 t&e ,uilding lo'ated at t&e ,otto. is t&e / floor newly
,uilt 7edi'al "ffi'e Building I was transferred to on Fe,ruary )@t&1 )@@+$ A
red dot depi'ts w&ere I stood ,efore 'lini' e:ery .orning as I tore down s'rap
'ard,oard ,o5es and pla'ed t&e. into t&e du.pster$ I &ad N" prote'tion fro.
t&e 'onta.inated dirt$ Anyone on t&e Property or 'lose to it w&o were not
prote'ted during &ole ,oring or well digging or ,ulldozing1 in&aled and
a,sor,ed t&is to5i' .essP

A,o:e is an e5'erpt of t&e Buit'lai. Deed$ It t&en goes on to say if t&ey
de'ided to use t&e property for su'& useage t&en NASA would not ,e
responsi,le for any re.ediation 'ostP
>&en t&e City of Downey finally &ad t&e Property signed o:er1 t&ey sold
portions to I#< and Caiser and ALL ,egan ,uilding$ )@@EG/ a Strip 7all and
#estaurants1 Downey Studios Ba'*lot1 t&e City of Downey a Par* along wit&
a Colu.,ia 7useu.1 a Downey owned Spartan La'8uer Co and Caiser1 wit&
a E@ a're 7edi'al Center$ &ere see.s to ,e a gap in t&e ti.e period for t&e
,eginning and finis& for t&e Downey Par* and 7useu.$ In )@@/ t&ey went
)$= feet ,elow ground surfa'e to e5'a:ate t&e Arseni' found at a,o:e
.a5i.u. le:els (t&ose poor people li:ing dire'tly a'ross t&e street)$ In )@@2
t&ey went a ,it deeper1 and again (t&ose poor people li:ing dire'tly a'ross t&e
street)$ I i.agine t&e gap was due to a B!BA Court Case against &e City of
Downey$
A loop&ole was 'reated t&at allowed t&e. to do as t&ey pleased$ &e Deed
&ad '#un wit& t&e Land' stipulations and ALL :anis&ed o:er nig&t1 Qust ,y
'&anging t&e zip 'ode1 fro. =@)/( to =@)/)$$
&e Deed spe'ifi'ally states Downey was to re.ediate to safe le:els
BE#ORE selling any of t&e Property and o,tain appro:als fro. regulatory
agen'ies in'luding t&e F!D!#AL !PA$ Below is t&at e5'erpt$
&e ,elow do'u.ents were found a.ong P&ilip Ar.strong's 'olle'tion of
wit&&eld do'u.ents$ In a <A" #eport to Congress1 NASA &ad stated t&ey
were not a Large Buantity <enerator of Dazardous >aste and t&e Property
did not need to ,e e:aluated ,e'ause t&e fa'ility was a s.all area wit& a
'on'rete pad and only a few porta,le trailers$$$$ t&e (++ a're fa'ility e.ployed
up to (@@1@@@ e.ployees and .ay,e .ore and was ,u no .eans at anyti.e a
S.all Buantity <enerator of Dazardous >aste$
T(-e o. Re)u'a"e% Wa#"e Ac"&v&"( < Ge!e*a"o*5
(a) G*ea"e* "ha! =999 4)>?O (8,899 'b#)
A0 L&#"e% Ha@a*%ou# Wa#"e5
F998 A #-e!" ha'o)e!a"e% #o've!"#
,0 Cha*ac"e*&#"&c# o. No!<L&#"e% Ha@a*%ou# Wa#"e#5
To;&c&"( cha*ac"e*&#"&c#
99BC -e"*o'&u %&#"&'a"e#> -e#"&c&%e -(e*&"h*u#
C0 O"he* Wa#"e#5
EPA<RCRA (D9 CFR ) E!v&*o!e!"a''( Ha@a*%ou# Sub#"a!ce#
E=BD A ?e"h('e!e Ch'o*&%e>D&ch'o*oe"ha!e o*)a!&c #o've!",
EBF8 A A# &!5 DuPo!" A*&e' C*o- S-*a( He*b&c&%e 8<D o@0 Pe* Ac*e,
EF8= A P(*e"h*o&% Pe#"&c&%e
A# &!5 CTG>Ce!o' I!c0 <Re#e"h*&! o*HCe!o' +u&c4 K&'' 8I eu'#&7b'e
co!ce!"*a"e

&e DSC ne:er .ention t&e property ,eing used for 7ilitary op Se'ret
#esear'& and De:elope.ent of3 Biowarfare Agents1 Nu'lear #ea'tor
produ'tion or a''idents nor Fnderground unnels t&at possi,ly store
#adioa'ti:e refuse (pipes) fro. t&e SSFL #e.ediation ProQe'ts perfor.ed ,y
#o'*wellGBoeing$ Any of t&e a,o:e infor.ation was readily a:aila,le sin'e at
least (=2@'s and w&ere,y any of t&is do'u.entation was possi,ly wit&&eld
and &idden until t&e Property ransfer$ (e$g$ ,elow)
Biowarfare Agents3 Downey Industrial Plant Agri'ulture Crops K @((=
7ustard Seed
(=)= *nown as 'Dugans #an'&' produ'ed Castor Beans w&i'& was *nown
for t&e produ'tion of #i'in and is t&e sole 'ause of ALS or Lou <e&rig's
disease$ Dugans #an'& possi,ly deri:ed t&e na.e for '"pperation #an'&
Dand' for t&e spraying of t&e R#ain,ow Agents' su'& as t&e fa.ously *nown
Der,i'ide Agent "range$ Anot&er well *nown and disputed agent was 'Oellow
#ain' t&at were to &a:e dispersed ?) .y'oto5insS t&e sa.e destru'ti:e
neurologi'al agent t&at is found in so.e indoor .olds1 one of w&i'& is
MC&aeto.iu. .$ A''redited to t&e Downey Industrial Plant was t&e '&e.i'al
.a*e?up of !t&o5ylated tallowa.inesS <lyp&osate (Isopropyl a.ine salt of
N?p&osp&ono.et&yl gly'ine)$ In s&ort A 'arrying or 'piggy,a'*' syste.1 .ade
up of ani.al fat ('Oellow')S deli:ering ,y arial spray ('#ain') a poisonous
su,stan'e$ <lyp&osate ,eing t&e 7onsanto produ't #oundup$ (#ef$ D"L
"riginal )+@ C&e.i'al list)
M&e potential deadly Fungus C&aeto.iu. was ta*en into spa'e ,y Apollo
(+$ &e Co..and 7odule was ,roug&t ,a'* to Downey for Post Flig&t
Inspe'tions$ C&aeto.iu. was t&e sa.e Fungus dis'o:ered at t&e Bellflower
Caiser Dospital on Fe,$ At&1 )@@A ,y .yself and a Co?wor*er$
&e Downey Industrial Plant were &ead8uarters for t&e Ato.i' !nergy
#esear'& Depart.ent and 7ilitary Nu'lear #esear'& was op Se'ret$ As t&e
>ar ended1 t&e Downey Fa'ility 'a.e out wit& 'Pea'eti.e' Nu'lear
appli'ations and were one of t&e first1 if not t&e :ery first1 to .anufa'ture1 test
and distri,ute Nu'lear #ea'tors worldwide$
Ato.i's International du.ped low?le:el .aterial1 in'luding li8uids1 'onta.inated wipes1
glo:es1 glassware and ot&er e8uip.ent$ But t&e refuse in'luded so.e &ig&ly dangerous
plutoniu.1 a''ording to a paper deli:ered ,y 'o.pany offi'ials at an A!C sy.posiu. in
(=--$
Ato.i's International ,egan t&e o'ean du.ping ,efore .o:ing to its plant at ++EE Canoga
A:e$ at t&e end of (=--$ Pre$io"sly it disposed of waste from e%periments at its plant in
owney1 w&ere t&e fir. operated California's first nu'lear power rea'tor1 a tiny test .odel1
starting in (=-)$
R>e Qust too* it for granted it was a safe t&ing to do1R said 9unius >&eeler of La*e ;iew
erra'e1 a for.er .aintenan'e super:isor w&o &elped prepare t&e dru.s for disposal$
&is ter.1 'A tiny test .odel1' are seen in .ost writings on t&e su,Qe't of
Downey Industrial Plant and t&e Nu'lear #ea'tor and w&ere .ost &a:e "NLO
.entioned t&e ( Nu'lear #ea'tor$ But t&e fa't is t&ere were se:eral in'luding
t&e "riginal S#!1 as t&e s.aller S#! .odel was ,uilt at SSFL in (=-+$ In
(=-= it &ad a Partial 7eltdown and was *ept 8uiet ,y SFFL wor*ers and only
,y a''ident )@ years later1 was t&e se'ret dis'o:ered$
Atomi!s &nternational
Fro. >i*ipedia1 t&e free en'y'lopedia
Atomi!s &nternational was a di:ision of t&e Nort& A.eri'an A:iation 'o.pany (in Downey)
(later a'8uired ,y t&e #o'*well International 'o.pany) w&i'& engaged prin'ipally in t&e early
de:elop.ent of nu'lear te'&nology and nu'lear rea'tors for ,ot& 'o..er'ial and go:ern.ent
appli'ations$ Ato.i's International was responsi,le for a nu.,er of a''o.plis&.ents relating to
nu'lear energy3 design1 'onstru'tion and operation of t&e first nu'lear rea'tor in (Downey)
California ((=-))$
The O*&)&!a' (SRE) 2So%&u Reac"o* E;-e*&e!"2 be)a! a" Do3!e(0
A SODIUM-GRAPHITE REACTOR STEAM-ELECTRIC STATION FOR
75 MEGAWATTS NET GENERATION Downey Mar. 155
0uthors* 9eisner, ..G. Sy$ert, 9.A.
A!"#ra$#% /he maLor desi%n features, nuclear characteristics and performance data for a nuclear
fueled central station ,o#er plant of I5,@@@ )# net capacity are presented. /he heat source is a -a
cooled %raphite moderated reactor. /he desi%n of the reactor ta)es full ad"anta%e of the e&perience
%ained to date on the Sodium 3eactor .&periment (S3.)+ the plant descri$ed here is a strai%htfor#ard
e&tension of the smaller e&perimental S3., #hich is no# under construction. /he fuel elements are made
up of rod clusters and the moderator is in the form of Nr canned %raphite elements. /he performance of
the reactor has $een $ased on conser"ati"e temperatures and coolant flo# "elocities #hich result in a
plant #ith O$uiltDin 3eser"e.O /hus, as e&perience is %ained and anticipated impro"ements in reactor fuel
elements and construction materials are pro"en, the performance of the plant can $e increased
accordin%ly. /#o reactor desi%ns are descri$ed, one for operation #ith sli%htly enriched U fuel elements
and the other for operation #ith /hDDU fuel elements. /he associated heat e&chan%ers, pumps, steam,
and electrical %eneratin% equipment are identical for either reactor desi%n. 0n analysis of tur$ine cycles
descri$es the particular cycle chosen for initial operation and discusses a method $y #hich modern
central station performance can $e initially o$tained. /he desi%n and performance data #hich are
required to ena$le relia$le estimates of the plant construction and operatin% costs to $e made are
esta$lished. (auth)
M&e design of t&e rea'tor ta*es full ad:antage of t&e e5perien'e gained to date on
t&e Sodiu. #ea'tor !5peri.ent (S#!)S t&e plant des'ri,ed &ere is a
straig&tforward e5tension of t&e s.aller e5peri.ental S#!1 w&i'& is now under
'onstru'tion$

&e Downey Fa'ility was Ato.i' !nergy #esear'& Dead8uarters
A$!$#$D$ K Ato.i' !nergy #esear'& Depart.ent
&e Oellow ag w&i'& says Downey Fa'ility1 is 'o:ering t&e Conta.inated
dirt t&at t&ey D"N' want you to see ,ut is 'learly :isi,le in t&e Pi'ture$
)$)$)$( Downey
&e Downey fa'ility is on La*ewood Boule:ard in Downey1 California$ A!C?
funded a'ti:ities were perfor.ed ,y #o'*wellTs Ato.i's International
Di:ision in a s.all portion of t&is large ,uilding ,etween (=/A and (=--$
A!C a'ti:ities in'luded .ainly paper studies1 resear'& and de:elop.ent1 and
engineering studies$
Dowe:er1 t&ese a'ti:ities also in:ol:ed t&e use of
6(() U a )?7e; ;an de <raaff generator1
6()) U a s.all?s'ale radio'&e.i'al la,oratory1
6(E) U a neutron 'ounting roo.1
6(/) U and a 'onstru'tion area wit& a s.all @$-?> tea'&ing rea'tor$
In addition1 t&e A!C funded a
6(-) U /?> >BNS at t&e Downey fa'ility$
Startup for t&e rea'tor was in April of (=-)$ &e rea'tor fuel was uranyl
sulfate wit& a sealed poloniu. and ,erylliu. neutron sour'eS only :ery s.all
8uantities of radioa'ti:e .aterial were e:er present at t&e fa'ility$ &ere were
E Ci of radioa'ti:e .aterial present w&en t&e rea'tor was at full power$ &e
>BNS operated at Downey until De'e.,er (=--$ In (=-+ it was dis.antled
and .o:ed to Area I;$ Personnel and operations fro. Downey .o:ed to t&e
Canoga A:enue fa'ility in late (=--$
&e .aQor 8uantity of radioa'ti:e .aterial at Downey was 'anned nor.al and
depleted uraniu. .etal used in t&e e5ponential pile$ &e e5ponential pile was
a syste. designed to .odel different fuelG.oderator latti'e 'onfigurations$
&e ,e&a:ior of neutron flu5 in t&ese latti'es was .easured$
&e /?> >BNS was used as a neutron sour'e for t&e e5ponential pile$ &e
radioa'ti:e .aterial was o,tained fro. a :ariety of A!C and go:ern.ent
'ontra'tors$ After use it was returned to t&e sour'e or transferred to t&e SSFL$
&e loading do'* was t&e only pla'e w&ere t&e fuel was stored$ All isotopes
used at Downey ,y #o'*well were used for industrial radiograp&y at Building
@@/1 on Clar* A:enue$ All isotopes were disposed of in t&e early (==@s$
!ffe'ti:e re.ediation of t&e Downey fa'ility was a''o.plis&ed in (=-+$ In
)@@@1 Boeing perfor.ed a sur:ey :erifying t&at t&e pre:ious re.ediation .et
'urrent N#C and California re8uire.ents$ "wners&ip of t&e Downey fa'ility
was t&en transferred to t&e City of Downey$
Ceep in .ind Caiser .o:ed us into our new ,uilding on t&e )nd wee* in
Fe,$1 )@@+
Now C&e'* t&is out $$$$in (=/@ t&is is w&ere it all ,egan K Downey1 t&ey
dis.antled ( radioa'ti:e o,Qe't and .o:ed it to a re.ote area$$$$$$ >&y do you
t&in* t&at 'a.e to ,eV And wit& all t&e ot&er radioa'ti:e RproQe'tsR at
Downey1 w&ere did t&ey dispose t&e wasteV >asteV >&at wasteV Downey
only did a few $$$$$ w&at were t&eir words$$$$$ o& yes$$$$$$
A!C a'ti:ities in'luded .ainly paper studies1 resear'& and de:elop.ent1 and
engineering studies$
A''ording to t&e paper deli:ered ,y Ato.i's International at t&e A!C
sy.posiu.1 wastes were put in 'ylindri'al i'e 'rea. 'artons1 w&i'& were
pla'ed in --?gallon dru.s and sealed wit& 'on'rete to .a*e sure t&at t&ey
would sin* to t&e ,otto.$ A,out four ti.es a year1 t&e waste dru.s would ,e
tru'*ed to Long Bea'& for loading on a Na:y ,arge$
Did you li*e &ow t&ey t&rew t&e 'resear'& and de:elop.ent' part rig&t out in
t&e .iddle t&ereV Pretty 'le:er &u&V Oou're .ost li*ely s'anning ,a'* rig&t
now1 I would ,et on it$
Lets go to3 &ttp3GGwww$energystor.$usG
and type in t&e sear'& ,o5 Nort& A.eri'an A:iation Downey$$$$ o& .y1 .y
.y .yPPPP
Citations by Research Organization
North American Aviation, Inc., Downey,
Calif.
Page 1 of fo!n". Pages# Previo!s $1% &
' Ne(t
oh only )ages fo!n".......


A FLUID<FUEL, SOLID<FERTILE ?ATERIAL ASSE?,LJ DESIGN
FOR SGR
Da"e5=CFD<9F<8:K
A ?ETHOD FOR DETER?INING THE E+UILI,RIU?
DISTRI,UTION OF
ELECTRONS AND THEIR TOTAL FREE ENERGJ IN A
?ULTIVALENT ?ETAL
Da"e5=CFF<9D<=DK
A ?ODIFIED ?ETHOD OF CATHODIC ETCHING FOR
ADAPTATION TO
RE?OTE CONTROL APPLICATION
Da"e5=CFF<==<9=K
A NEW SRE FUEL SLUG PRELI?INARJ DESIGN FOR HIGHER
TOTAL
REACTOR POWER
Da"e5=CFD<9B<9=K
A PROPOSED PROGRA? FOR THE STUDJ OF THE CHE?ISTRJ
OF
?ETAL<SALT SJSTE?S AT HIGH TE?PERATURE
Da"e5=CFF<98<8B
A RESEARCH PROPOSAL ON THE RECOVERJ AND
PURIFICATION OF
URANIU? AND VANADIU? FRO? LOW GRADE ORES ,J GAS
PHASE
HALOGENATION
Da"e5=CFB<9C<8CK
AL#u- D=L ACTIVITJ FRO? LPR WAR?<UP
Da"e5=CF=<9M<=FK
AN EGPERI?ENT TO DETER?INE THE RADIATION STA,ILITJ OF
,ORON TRIFLUORIDE AND ITS CORROSION OF VARIOUS
?ETALS UNDER
NEUTRON IRRADIATION
Da"e5=CFD<9C<=NK
ANALJSIS OF THER?AL FLUG ?EASURE?ENTS IN THE SEVEN
ROD
CLUSTER EGPERI?ENT
Da"e5=CFD<9F<=M
,ALL SAFETJ DEVICE, PHASE I<<RECOVERJ OF ,ALLS
Da"e5=CFD<9F<9=K
,ALL TJPE SAFETJ ROD HEAT TRANSFER STUDJ
Da"e5=CFD<9B<=9K
CO?PATI,ILITJ OF SODIU? AND VARIOUS ?ATERIALS OF
INTEREST IN
REACTOR CONSTRUCTION
Da"e5=CFB<9=<9=K
CONTAIN?ENT OF RADIOACTIVITJ IN THE SODIU? REACTOR
EGPERI?ENT
Da"e5=CFD<=9<=FK
CONTROL ANALJSIS OF THE PuP NO0 B9C REACTOR
Da"e5=CF8<98<9=K
COOLING SJSTE?S FOR LPR
Da"e5=CF=<9F
CORROSION OF $CROLOJ$ STEEL ,J LI+UID ,IS?UTH UNDER
CJCLOTRON IRRADIATION
Da"e5=CF=<9=<9=K
CRITICALITJ PROCEDURE AND HAOARDS ASSOCIATED WITH
THE NORTH
A?ERICAN AVIATION WATER ,OILER NEUTRON SOURCE0 APP0
A0 VISIT
TO LOS ALA?OS CONCERNING WATER ,OILER0 APP0 ,0 FLUG
DISTRI,UTION IN WATER ,OILER PEDESTAL0 APP0 C0 FLUG
VALUE
AND DESTRI,UTION IN W,
Da"e5=CF8<9B<8MK
DETAILED PROCEDURE FOR LATTICE CALCULATION
Da"e5=CF=<98<=CK
DETER?INATION OF TERPHENJL<,IPHENJL ?IGTURES ,J
DIELECTRIC
CONSTANT AND REFRACTIVE INDEG ?EASURE?ENTS
Da"e5=CFB<9M<8=K
DISCUSSION OF THE ?EASURE?ENTS OF NEUTRON
ATTENUATION ,J SHIELD ?ATERIALS ?ADE ON THE W,NS
Da"e5=CFD<=9<=DK
' *OR+ PA,+-
(Ho3 a!( Nuc'ea* Reac"o*# 3e*e "he*e a" NAAP I2ve
cou!"e% u- "o M bu" "he*e a( have bee! a .e3
*OR+)
The e;-e*&e!" o. "he e/ec"# o. 'o3 )*a%e Ra%&a"&o!
o! "he u!#u#-ec"&!) e-'o(ee2# &# a )oo% o!e666 I
ca!2" #ee "o 7!% "ha" o!e

.GG.C/ <G A<6/.- S<!(UA <- /H.3A06 (-SU60/(<-
S,.C(A.-S
!ate*115D11D11+
.GG(C(.-C? <G -a= 4U446.3S (- 3.!UC(-8 /H. <P?8.-
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!ate*1155D@CD@1+
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!ate*115CD@1D13+
.PC.SS 3.0C/(>(/? 0>0(6046. 0-! C<-/3<6
3.7U(3.A.-/S <G /H. ,6U/<-(UA ,3<!UC/(<- U,3 C<3.
!ate*1153D@CD12+
.P,<-.-/(06 .P,.3(A.-/S ,3<,<S.! G<3 /H.
!./.3A(-0/(<- <G /H. -UC6.03 ,030A./.3S <G S<!(UAD
830,H(/. 60//(C.S
!ate*115D@2D1I+
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our dnner <ast *uesday. I ddnBt ;oo@ often ?ut I sure mss 51
;oo@nCD BenC $00E #sa?<ed I( $00E0
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GUS.! S<!(UA H?!3<P(!.
!ate*1153D@ID2@+
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!ate*1153D@D1@+
H(8H ><6/08. 3.8U60/(<- (- 4.3=.6.? SC06.3S
!ate*115D@D3@+
H/3 CH.A(C06 ,3<C.SS(-8DD4(SAU/H /3(CH6<3(!. 0S 0
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!ate*1151D12D11+
(-(/(06 /.S/ <G S<!(UA ,UA, 0-! (-S/3UA.-/ 6<<,
!ate*115D12D@1+
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!ate*1153D@3D13+
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!ate*115D@2D13+
-.U/3<- G6UP !(S/3(4U/(<- (- 0 60//(C. C.66
!ate*1151D@ID1C+
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!ate*1152D@CD1@+
<nly 2 more pa%es...han% onQ
,6U/<-(UA ,3<!UC/(<- (- GUS.! G6U<3(!. C0,SU6.S
4<A403!.! 4? !.U/.3<-S
!ate*115CD1@D31+
,3.6(A(-03? S0G./? .>06U0/(<- <G /H. S<!(UA 3.0C/<3
.P,.3(A.-/
!ate*115D@2D11+
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!ate*1155D@3D11+
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!ate*1155D@1D2I+
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!ate*1152D1@D22+
3<!S, 4066S 0-! 3.0C/<3 S0G./?
!ate*115D1@D21+
S.CU603 CH0-8.S (- ,u ,3<!UC/(<- (- 0 H<A<8.-.<US
3.0C/<3
!ate*1151D@ID3@+
RR( H<A<8.-.<US, that Lust sounds %ood and #holesome, doesn;t
itS Bust #hat (S a H<A<8.-.<US 3.0C/<3S lets see #hat the
.U3<,.0- -UC6.03 S<C(./? has to say D Reactor in which the
fuel is a mixture with the moderator or coolant. Liquid
homogenous reactor: e.g. uranium sulphate in water; solid
homogeneous reactor: e.g. mixture of uranium (UO
2
) in
polethlene.) um <=.......does the sayin%* !on;t try this at home come to
mind+ or...... 4<44?, ,ut that do#n $efore you hurt someoneQ
SH(.6!(-8 G<3 /H. C<->.3/.3 3.0C/<3
!ate*1152D@CD13+
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!ate*115CD@1D@1+
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3.A<>06 G3<A 0 3.0C/<3
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/H. .GG.C/ <G G(SS(<- G308A.-/ ,<(S<-S <- /H.
43..!(-8 80(- G<3 H/3
!ate*1151D@2D22+
/H. H(8H /.A,.30/U3. S.,030/(<- <G ,6U/<-(UA 0-!
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!ate*1153D@ID1@+
/H. (->.S/(80/(<- <G /H. .GG.C/S <G S<!(UA <- S3.
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!ate*115D1@D@1+
/H. 6<-8 /.3A .GG.C/S <G /H. >03(<US (S</<,.S (-
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!ate*115CD1@D31+
/H. ,3.,030/(<- <G !(A.-S(<-066? S/046. 4<3<-D
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/H. 30!(06 .P,0-S(<- !U. /< /H.3A06 S/3.SS.S (- 0
6<-8 U30-(UA 3<!
!ate*1152D@2D@1+
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!ate*1155D@ID11+
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!ate*115D1@D@1+
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alifTDro2532D.html
(=+@ IC#P E R#eport of Co..ittee III on Prote'tion Against L?rays up to
!nergies of E 7e; and Beta? and <a..a?rays fro. Sealed Sour'esR pu,lis&ed$
and now t&en ta*e a loo* at3 (no longer a:aila,le)
&ttp3GGwww$'d'$go:Gnios&Go'asGpdfsGse'Garea/Gssfler?r($pdf
w&ooos&$$$$Downey s*ips on ,ye wit& &ardly a .ention
D+PAR.*+N. O/ 0+A1.0 AND Pa!l DeN!ccio
02*AN -+R3IC+- /or 4ear 155
National Instit!te for Occ!)ational California -tate 0ighway
Patrol
-afety an" 0ealth Registere" -)ecial Driver
for Roc6well
/inal +7ect of Designation of a Class International Downey to
"rive Chemicals
of +m)loyees for A""ition to the an" Ra"ioactive materials
s!ch as
-)ecial +()os!re Cohort 8enzene an" Cobalt9:;
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