HUSTISYA PARA SA

BULSA NI JUAN:
HOW LONG WILL IT TAKE TO PUNISH
THE PERPETRATORS OF THIS
SCAM?







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INTRODUCTION
Unfinished projects and some was never been started, ghost NGOs, and under-the-table
transactions these are just a glimpse of what is totally happening in our government and their
usage with the Priority Development Acceleration Fund. How long will it take for our judiciary
to adjudge the real perpetrators of this scam? On the other hand, when will they (perpetrators)
raise their white flags? Does the pork barrel system in the Philippines also occur in other places,
specifically, from where did it originated? With this research study, the researchers strived their
very best to answer those questions, let the truth speak and see if justice will be served. For us to
better understand the pork, let us take a quick look at the nature of the Pork Barrel.
PORK BARREL: ITS HISTORY AND USAGE
The Pork Barrel, also known as the Priority Development Acceleration Fund, as defined
Collas-Monsod, (2013), it is:
A government appropriation, a bill that supplies funds for local improvements designed to ingratiate
legislators with their constituents and an act of using government funds on local projects that are used to
bring more money to a specific representatives district. (p.1)
Apparently, it originated from the US Congress. Then came an issue between those who
pursue pork and those who still resist it, when a project was not approved and the use of the pork
for the local benefit was looked askance by some American leaders. Monsod cites the Citizens
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Against Government Waste, on the pork barrel system of United States at present: Cases of out-
and-out bribery are rare (Collas-Monsod, 2013). Just the way politicians used it, is a
corruption itself, where taxes are just beautified not just to benefit the locality, but to maintain
their supports and votes from it.
With these articles and quotations, we can easily look on the similarities of the kind of
pork barrel system in the Philippines and the United States - those similarities that tie them
together.
PLUNDER CASES IN THE PHILIPPINES
Let us take a historical look on the plunder cases we already have which can be related to
what is totally happening today. There were previous plunder cases that remain unsolved.
Some were already given parole like the former President Joseph Ejercito Estrada who
was ousted in 2001 and was charged for plunder and perjury; and some were granted to be under
hospital arrest like the former President and now Pampanga Rep. Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo due
to her pending plunder case. The two consecutive former presidents created a bad image of the
Philippine political system not only to us Filipinos and all over the world. But one good thing is
that they paid the price the price of being corrupt they now reap what they sow. Likewise, the
Filipino people would like to make the suspects of the scam be punished too, wherein suspects
had already denied their allegations regarding the pork barrel scam.
Imagine how on earth, people we trust, Filipinos voted for were the ones who fooled us.
The alleged suspects for this scam have used fake NGOs to make it appear that taxes were in
good hands. Their intention to be in public service is to take advantage of power. They were not
even after their salary because it is very low compared with the salary of the one who is working
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in a private company. Their intention is not even to serve the people but to corrupt, to get as
much money for their own pockets.
Who would have thought that the then Senate President Enrile who has been in politics
since 1966 and admired by many Filipinos during the Senate Hearing of Chief Justice Renato
Corona, is involved; Sen. Jinggoy Estrada, seems like he did not learn his lesson. It is his second
time to be charged plunder such case which is non-bailable; and Sen. Bong Revilla, being in
showbiz for a long time until now, how on earth he would will still need billions of peso when he
would have more than enough?
The researchers chose to research on the topic Pork Barrel Scam because it is one of
the controversial issue, if not, one of the top news in 2013. Also, the researchers were inspired
and challenged from what Kurt Cobain says: The duty of youth is to challenge corruption. It
could be better if youth will be the one to make efforts and study this case. In this research study,
researchers will strive to answer the following questions:
How long will it take for our judiciary to look for the perpetrators of the Pork
Barrel Scam and punish them?
Are there chances for Juan Dela Cruz (the Filipino people) to stop the
government officials in abusing their power and just use all the money in which it
was intended for(for the benefit of the locality), and not for their own?
Thus, it could be a wakeup call for every Filipino youth because nowadays, the youth
seems to be on the wrong track. Rather than spending their time with nonsense things, its better
to invest time and efforts in challenging corruption. It doesnt mean that we are going to protest
like activists outside a government agency, but since were still young, we are to develop fresh
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ideas that its not just who will benefit, be involved and be concerned to what is going on, but
also our whole country. We should not condone their evil deeds; instead we must help to expose
those who are involved. Be aware, read newspapers, watch the latest news so that you would
know if there is a progress in that particular issue. Remember, Justice delayed is Justice denied.
This research study is important because it concerns the Filipino people. We should be
aware where our taxes go. Just like an employee in a private firm, his tax is automatically
deducted. Do we really need to pay taxes? Of course, we still need to pay our taxes. Despite of
the fact that most government officials are using it for their own use, it is our duty. We are
required to pay taxes by law and do our rightful share as a Filipino citizen.
As it was said by Collas-Monsod (2013) in her article, that:
the benefits accrue to individuals; the costs are borne by society. The servants of the people screw
their bosses with impunity. And do not tax my patience by saying that not all legislators are involved. True.
But they havent done a thing about it either. All it takes for evil to triumph (p.1)
It has been said that lawyers are licensed to lie. The ones who are involved will do
anything possible to whitewash their dirt or evil deeds. They will use the money that they get
from our taxes to influence people who can at least clear their names, make their case somewhat
less evil so that they will not be penalized. It is what every Filipino must watch for; let us see if
justice will be served.
QUALITATIVE NARRATIVE APPROACH ON STUDYING PORK BARREL SCAM
This chapter covers the research design and methodology, what kind of research this is
and how we came up in giving justifications and answers to our research study.
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This research study is a qualitative narrative kind of research that required the researchers
to gather pieces of information and evidence by conducting an interview with an experienced
political science graduate, Prof. Kathryn Placido, from the articles issued by the government
agencies and their websites, and from respected, well-known and expert politics commentators.
All pieces of information gathered were based on facts.
CONSTITUTION: FRAMEWORK IN ADDRESSING CORRUPTION
In this research study, the researchers are going to discuss The Constitutions
Framework for Addressing Misuse of Public Funds following the work of Chief Justice Maria
Lourdes P. Sereno. It was a speech delivered by Chief Justice Maria Lourdes P. Sereno on the 3
rd

Integrity Summit which was held at Makati Shangri-La on September 19.
Reports on widespread corruption in our country involving the Priority Development
Assistance Fund caught the attention of not only Filipinos but even around the globe that leads to
several threads of discussion. Some raise culture-related questions if it is fundamental a
cultural genetic defect that has allowed Filipinos to use the public fund that was not meant for
them but for the many. Sereno was even surprised when someone suggested the condemnatory
anthropological conclusions to Filipinos without even a management solution offered. On the
other hand, people also questioned the Filipinos capacity to elect leaders wisely, incentives
created for voting and such paybacks politicians are expecting to reap once they got the position
theyre running for. This has driven proposals related to electoral finance reform.
At one end of the spectrum we can easily analyze that leads for a call to diminish
discretion on both executive and legislature, demanding the budget be done with transparency
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and be specific in terms of lining projects and ensuring that the public be released and expended
wisely.
In the mind of Sereno, there is this vacuum that was missing on the discussion the
Constitutions place in addressing corruption, that the Constitution provides a practical
framework because it describes with sufficient clarity and the accountability over the public
funds be ensured. She said that it was her hope that this perspective be included in public
discussions, public officials and collectively, Filipinos can strengthen the rule of law. To add, she
reiterated that some of the statutory provisions cited here have not yet been subjected to a
constitutional contest and not to be serving in any manner as basis for arriving at a specific and
binding legal conclusion, and should not be subjected to judicial interpretation.
Under this speech was the Constitution, Commission on Audit and Accountability where
she cited Article IX Section 2 which states the power, authority and duty of the Commission on
Audit to ensure that public funds was released and expended with fidelity. In line with this duty
was Section 4 of the same article which imposes that the said constitutional body should submit
reports to the President and the Congress. In addition, the COA was specifically given a role that
can be found at Article VI Section 20 that all the records and books of accounts of the Congress -
shall be audited by COA, an itemized list of amounts paid to and fro, expenses for each Member
shall be published annually, be preserved and open to the public in accordance with the law.
The Constitution preserves the present form of the COA except for the changes with
regards to the qualifications for the Commissioners, and there are two very significant changes
that the Constitution introduced. Firstly, was to declare and strengthen the independence of the 3
Constitutional Commissions. Not only that they are declared as independent, they should be
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fiscally autonomous, the salaries of the Commissioners are not to be decreased during their
tenure in office, and they shall have the power to promulgate rules of practice and procedure
before it. Second was to vest upon COA the exclusive authority - in defining the scope of its
audit and examination, establishing the techniques and methods required for this audit and
examination.
She also specified and imposed the powers of the Executive, Congress, agencies and the
public. The powers of the President, under his faithful execution of laws as stated in Section V
Article 7. The scale of actions he (President) can perform under his supervision and control
powers is wide and that is why he cannot only investigate administratively on the performance of
any executive department agencies but he can also execute personnel movements and take all the
necessary actions needed in order to protect the government assets from misuse. On the other
hand, she also defines the power of the Legislature which was in nature, to enact legislative
measures to ensure the lawful use of public resources, that they are economically, efficiently and
effectively used.
The Constitution also empowers the public people, to take an active role in checking
government by allowing citizens to have an access on the information of public concern, which
can be found under Section 1 Article XI that the public officials and employees must be
accountable to the people, serve them with an utmost responsibility, integrity, loyalty and
efficiency, at all times. The Constitution does not spelled out itself to this statement of policy,
rather it also provides means for people to enforce and make it as living principle. The public,
provided that they have enough information, may file complaints with the Ombudsman. It
(Constitution) requires the Ombudsman and his Deputies to act promptly on all complaints filed
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in any form or manner against public officials and employees of the Government and shall notify
the complainants of the action taken and such results on it.
There are several entities critical on investigation of and prosecution for illegal acts
involving the misuse of public funds. First was the spectrum of the investigative and
prosecutorial powers lodged in the President. The Administrative Code and specific statutes
locate these powers in several executive units, the foremost being the Department of Justice,
especially through its constituent investigative unit, the National Bureau of Investigation and the
National Prosecution Service, its principal prosecutorial unit. The other is the Philippine National
Police under the Secretary of Interior and Local Government. Second set of powers of
investigation and prosecution for misuse of public funds was vested and belongs to the
Ombudsman. The law requires that the Ombudsman should give priority to complaints filed
against high ranking government officials and/or those occupying supervisory positions,
complaints involving grave offenses as well as complaints involving large sums of money and/or
properties. There are various rules that provide and support tools in fulfilling the Ombudsman
mandates. Under Republic Act 6713 or the Code of Conduct and Ethical Standards for Public
Officials and Employees, public officials must give a special waiver in favor of the Ombudsman
in their Statement of Assets, Liabilities and Net Worth to obtain from all appropriate government
agencies, including the Bureau of Internal Revenue, such documents as may show their assets,
liabilities, net worth, and also their business interests and financial connections in previous years,
including, if possible, the year when they first assumed any office in the Government. The
Ombudsman can even call on the Courts to enforce its subpoena powers in the conduct of
investigations. The Ombudsman can secure the attendance or presence of any absent or
recalcitrant witness through application before the Sandiganbayan or before any inferior or
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superior court having jurisdiction of the place where the witness or evidence is found. Third was
the Anti-Money Laundering Act which includes the proceeds from graft and corruption and
plunder among the dirty money as among the instances that may be investigated by the Anti-
Money Laundering Council. After its investigation, the Council may also ask the Court of
Appeals to freeze such dirty money and file complaints with the Department of Justice and the
Ombudsman. And lastly, it lies in the Philippine States ability to make use of international or
foreign investigative, legal and judicial assistance. For instance, our government can request
from our treaty partners, the extradition of government officials, who have committed graft and
corruption.
She also discussed the roles of judiciary and its power provided by the Constitution - role
to adjudge guilt or innocence, on the basis of the provisions of the Constitution or the law that
are alleged to have been violated, and of the admissibility and the weight of the evidence that are
before it. Unlike executive and legislature, judiciary was prohibited from making decisions based
on political considerations, not even in order to conform to public sentiment, especially in
criminal proceedings. It must remain deaf, even to the public clamor for conviction, and can only
hear what is appropriately brought before its halls of justice. That is why it is all important that
the country must have a judiciary that is populated by independent, competent judges who live in
constant mortal fear of not doing what is right.
She also leaves three principles for the audience to develop some thought. First is the
principle of measuring performance, not only in terms of financial fidelity, but according to the
highest standards of professionalism, intelligence and skill, according to the principles that are
already in law. Second is the concept of independence of the 3 constitutional bodies COA, the
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Civil Service Commission and the COMELEC as well as the judiciary and Ombudsman. And
lastly is whether the reporting by all branches, departments and agencies of government is the
kind of reporting that you, if you were the decision-makers, would want to receive in order that
you can make policy decisions and undertake management actions.
This speech simply applies in the research study, that the Constitution provides a
practical framework in addressing corruption, in describing the public funds be ensured with
accountability. It specifies the powers and role that must be done by every branch of the
government executive, legislature and the judiciary. It also empowers people to take an active
role on checking if the government officials and employees are accountable and doing their jobs
with all responsibility, integrity, loyalty and efficiency at all times. The researchers reiterated
what Sereno said that it was her hope that this perspective be included in public forums, not only
the public officials but collectively, Filipinos can strengthen the rule of law. Providing means for
people to enforce and make it as living principle (Sereno, 2013).
HUSTISYA PARA SA BULSA NI JUAN:
HOW LONG WILL IT TAKE TO PUNISH THE PERPETRATORS OF THIS SCAM?
How long will it take for the government to settle this problem and punish the
perpetrators of this scam? a million dollar question and as time goes by, it becomes harder and
harder to answer. Will the Filipinos obtain the justice their hoping for? Are there chances to cure
the cancerous political system here in the Philippines? And who has the right to abolish the pork?
In line with these questions, the researchers would like to study and look for justifications on the
following arguments:
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I. UNEQUAL TREATMENT WITHIN THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM IN
THE PHILIPPINES
Rich vs. Poor
Justice is for all people. In regard with this type of class, people would usually resort the
Public Attorneys Office (PAO). It is free. Only it would take sometime whether or not justice
will be served.
Sometimes this type of people would ask for medias help in return their privacy will be
discussed sensational, and justice is not a sure deal. Another incident is when an ordinary
prisoner got sick; he or she will not be transferred in a special cell unlesshis or her condition got
severe.
On the other hand, rich and famous accomplices get the best lawyers and used them for
delaying tactics. On the other hand, people from this class were given different treatments. Best
example is of the four Ampatuan clans who were jailed and have given special treatment, until
now we cant see any update and even have no touch of improvement on the case investigation.
Take the case of Gloria Arroyo and Joseph Estrada, being the former presidents, they were
treated special and had immunity. Suddenly, they got sick and were either checked in the
hospital or a house arrest. And because of that, their cases are being delayed. Although it was
their right, ordinary people cannot just do that or else they will be noticed by the opposition.
Another example is that of former Governor Antonio Leviste and other influential inmates was
given special treatment at the National Bilibid Prison. With that, according to Philippine Alliance
of Human Rights Advocates (2011), Chairperson Max De Mesa commented: Such special
treatments are nothing more than a bonus to impunity and encourages its further perpetration and perpetuation.
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II. USING PORK BARREL ITSELF, IS A CORRUPTION
Pork barrel breeds the patronage-based political system in the Philippines
Sometimes we ask ourselves why people would like to be a politician when they can only
get low salary. For instance, a congressman receives [insert congressman's monthly salary and
look for a reference with proper citation] salary per month, forsaking his profession as a lawyer,
when he can get as much money if he work privately in a law firm.
Strategy to maintain peoples support and win their vote
As it was stated by Aceron (2013):
The pork barrel is the primary means for patronage, which in turn is the most effective strategy to win
elections in the country. The pork is vulnerable to corruption since its main purpose is not to prioritize
developmental assistance but to ensure that incumbents get re-elected (through patronage)(p.1)
Politicians were using a strategy wherein they are after the attention of the people,
maintain their support and win their vote during the Election. Some are making projects not for
the benefit of the locality, but for their own. They made use of the pork to their own advantage,
like making projects and giving it to the same people in exchange of their loyalty. Not knowing
that the money given to make those projects and services came from their own pockets. They are
being fooled by those politicians in a way, by putting their names and as their so-called
donations coming from them (politicians).
Politicians just put the pork in their pocket
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Examples of these are the unfinished projects; highways and infrastructures.These were
all reflected on their reports as finished but the truth is some have not been totally started and
some have no even touch of improvement. Where did the money allotted for that project go?
Power and money is the root of it all. They probably get there to have the power to rule,
promise people this and that, but in reality promises remain promises.
Pork barrel: the most effective tool for the Executive-Legislative relationship
The pork barrel serves us a special bond between the Executive and Legislative Branch of
the Government. It was said to be the most effective tool for the Executive to control the
Legislature through the power of release - the allocation and release of fund, regardless of what
is stated in the General Appropriations Act, are authorized by the President and the Department
of Budget and Management - which makes the Executive susceptible to politically partisan
allocation of resources especially to the political party he belonged to (Aceron, 2013). Supposed
to be national government agencies should be the one to manage where the pork barrel goes so
that they can assure that the budget allocated will surely be given to its proper benefactors, yet
members of the House of the Representatives still continue to be decisive on where the funds
will go.
It is true that Legislators - Senate and the House of Representatives benefit from the pork
barrel big timers but the thing there is Filipinos don't know that even the Executive Branch also
benefit from it. It has been stated in the Article IX Section 2 that the Commission on Audit - the
constitutional body that is responsible and have all the power in assuring that public funds are
released and expended with fidelity.
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To add, the researchers cited the Section 4 on the same article which will notify us that the
Commission on Audit should submit their report before the President and the Congress. With
this, the matter appears to be a perfectly planned crime and it has been conspired by different
people from the two branches of government - Executive and Legislature. As it was state that
Commission on Audit should investigate first as to where the fund should go and if it is
legitimate or not. The results of the investigation and audit will be reported to the Congress and
the President. What happened were all these "bogus" NGOs where reported as legitimate, the
unfinished projects are reported finished and as if everything was in control.
III. PORK BARREL SCAM IS AN UNENDING ISSUE
Slow Judicial process in the Philippines
With this scam, are there chances to have a speedy trial?
According to Ombudsman, Conchita Carpio Morales that after examining the first batch
of documentary evidence which were submitted by the National Bureau of Investigation or NBI,
she assured that there is a possibility for a speedy resolution, that it will take at least a year to
resolve (Punongbayan, 2013).
Janet Napoles, together with Legislators - keeps on denying their allegations regarding the
scam
Accused perpetrators have no choice but to deny their allegations. As they say, "There is
no one in jail who admits being guilty." But still it is clearly impossible for someone like
Napoles to be the mastermind of such hideous and huge scam. Of course, there must be a higher
official engaged to be the "true" mastermind. Therefore, Napoles was just used as a puppet and
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has been supported to perform such scam. They must take the courage to admit their wrong
doing but it is impossible. The government agency in charged with the jurisdiction of this scam,
need some pieces of evidence that are acceptable to the courts, witnesses who will risk their
lives, witnesses who have personal knowledge being their former staffs.
Let us first take a look on Ruby Tuasons background. She is the former social secretary
during the presidential administration of former President and now Manila Mayor Joseph
Estrada.
She is also connected in business circles. In 1988, along with Armida Siguion Reyna
(Enriles half sister), put up a movie company Ramco Film Production Inc, but unfortunately,
three years the said company folded up. That same year when Ramco Film Productions Inc, she
put up Delcas Related Properties Corporation, with her family members as its incorporators.
Also, Razon have got in touch in the business. In fact, she set up a high-end jewelry store in one
of the hotels operated by him. Though public documents showed that she (Tuason) was not one
of the incorporators of the said jewelry store.
She is a past collector - She was said to have had dealings with Napoles herself, having
gone to her office at the Discovery Suites in Ortigas. She was described by those who met her as
refined, well-heeled, with good social graces, a socialite and a fashion plate, and was even
called by one newspaper society columnist a high society doyenne.
Her second husband, the late Butch Tuason first cousin of the former First Gentleman
Mike Arroyo and a close friend of Estrada, was named as Philippine Sports Commission chair
during Estradas administration. This two Tuasons helped Estrada in raising campaign funds
when he sought the presidency in 1998. She (Ruby) belonged to the MARE or the Masa ang
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Riwasa ni Erap, group which was founded by Dr Loi Ejercito Estrada, representing the womens
group that supported Estradas candidacy.
So close were Tuasons to the Estradas that even when Jinggoy ran for a second term in
the Senate in 2010, Ruby gave him a generous donation of P2 million.
Tuasons expose makes sense. Her testimony is very vital because she has personal
knowledge about the pork barrel scam. She was a former social secretary under the presidential
administration of former President Estrada. She herself was involved as she admits receiving
kickbacks and carried money for being an accomplice of the scam. And the witnesses, what will
they get exposing big fishes like Enrile, Estrada and Revilla. Their lives will be in danger. They
have no choice but to speak up or else the authorities will go after them..
It is Napoles turn now to corroborate the whistleblowers statement along with Tuasons
to consider the case to become closer to an end. The puzzle is almost done.
Dirty Image of Politics
Are there chances to clean the dirty image of politics here in the Philippines? In an
interview, "There are chances but it will take lots of advocacies and it can only be cleansed
through education." Placido (p.c.). We all know that not all politicians are dirty but because of
some corrupt leaders, their image to an ordinary people becomes one. For instance a newly
elected official which
The researchers provide such factors that affect the dirty image of politics. First was
culture. Since Filipinos came from different regions, we have different perspectives way of
thinking. The psychological thinking of Filipinos that makes politics dirty. For instance, there are
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things that seems legal for that society but for the other culture, it is illegal. Second was feeding
on negative issues which will later on destroy the image of politics. In the world of social media,
everyone becomes an expert. Good example is being an instant crime investigator for the case of
Cornejo-Lee-Navarro. And lastly because Filipinos always blame all the negative things happen
to ourselves in the government. Filipinos with their placards, protesting outside a government
agency Roxas-Mendoza (2013).
With these arguments, the researchers acknowledge whatever articles related to and
welcome other opinions with regards to this research study.
CONCLUSION:
This corruption must be stopped. It would take much courage on those involved to say or
admit that they are guilty. It really takes time to have their case closed. Big names like Enrile,
Estrada, Revilla are allegedly involved. In fact, some evidence was presented during the hearing.
There were notebooks, records but every single evidence provided fraud futile. The researchers
concluded that as a youth the so-called pag-asa ng bayan as mentioned by Dr. Jose Rizal, we
[Filipino youth] should invest more of our time for our country. The researchers highly
recommend in raising more kabataang Juan who are willing to study and contribute for the
betterment of our country and its political system. With that, we would like to cite the joint
statement made by the presidents of four respective presidents of various Philippine Universities
and Colleges UP, DLSU, ADMU, MIRIAM COLLEGE. The phrase the truth shall set us
free, we often hear, applies to our research study. They joined the clamor of the people to end
this deeply rooted culture of corruption and such patronage-type of political system. They renew
their call for mobilization and participation on activities that can help promote greater
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transparency and accountability in our country. May the plea of the four presidents of the said
universities and colleges for academic communities and the rest of Philippine society to have a
keen interest to patriotically support the emergence of truth and such requisite acts of justice and
reparation, and Chief Justice Maria Lourdes Serenos hope that this perspective the
Constitution provides practical framework on addressing corruption, be included in public
discussions, not only by public officials but collectively, Filipinos especially the youth can
strengthen the rule of law. Let this controversial issue be a wakeup call for each and every one
of us especially to those who are aspiring to be a leader someday. We should render public and
not self-service. Stop being just an audience sitting pretty and just listening, try to stand up and
speak out your view. Let us not be fed on the things we see and hear from other people; study it
by yourself and find out the truth behind everything before reacting. Come out of your
dreamland and discover the real world. To sum up everything that was put in this research paper,
we reiterate what Chief Justice Maria Lourdes Sereno mentioned on her speech, How much do
we really love our country?







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BIBLIOGRAPHY
Sereno, M. (2013, September 19), The Constitution and the Pork Barrel Scam, Rappler,
Retrieved from http://www.rappler.com/thought-leaders/39308-constitution-pork-barrel-
scam
Rufo, A. (2014, February 7), The Secrets of Ruby Tuason, Rappler, Retrieved from
http://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/49620-erap-ruby-tuason-testify
Punongbayan, M. (2013, September 20), Ombudsman vows speedy resolution of pork
cases, The Philippine Star, Retrieved from
http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2013/09/20/1231251/ombudsman-vows-speedy-
resolution-pork-cases
The Truth shall set us free Joint Statement (2014)
Aceron, J. (2013, August 21), 5 reasons pork perpetuates corruption, Rappler, Retrieved
from http://www.rappler.com/thought-leaders/36935-pork-barrel-perpetuates-corruption
Roxas-Mendoza, P. (2013, September 30), Culture of corruption, culture of protest,
Placido (Personal Communication)
Collas-Monsod, S. (2013, July 20), Pork barrel: costs and benefits, Philippine Daily
Inquirer, Retrieved from http://opinion.inquirer.net/56945/pork-barrel-costs-and-benefits

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APPENDIX
MYRON DANIELLE LAYUG MONTEFALCON
email ad: montefalconm@gmail.com
Mobile No.: 0917 353 3770/0926-165-6991
94 M. H. Del pilar St., Brgy. Sto. Tomas, Pasig City

PERSONAL DATA:
Age : 17 y/o
Sex : Male
Date of Birth : June 10, 1997
Place of Birth : Pasig City
Civil Status : Single
Height : 58
Religion : Christian Baptist
Parents/Occupation : Myron J. Montefalcon Electrical Engineer
Wilhelmina L. Montefalcon Housewife
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No. of siblings : 2
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT:
Degree : Bachelor in Banking and Finance
College : Polytechnic University of the Philippines San Juan Campus
2013 to present San Juan City
Secondary : Kapitolyo High School RBEC Salutatorian/2
nd
Honor
2012-2013 Pasig City
Pasig City Science High School
2009-2012 Pasig City
Primary : Maranatha Christian Academy Class Salutatorian
2006-2009 Pasig City
La Immaculada Concepcion School
2003-2006 Pasig City
SEMINARS ATTENDED:
19
th
Division Secondary Schools Press Conference, 2013
District 3800 Interact Club Conference, 2013
Stop, Look & Listen to Journalism, 2014
CHARACTER REFERENCES:
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Precious Joyce Alzate Prof. Maria Alita G. Vilanueva
Paraseist, EIC PUP SJ, Professor


RHAIN FERNANDEZ TUSCANO
Mobile No.: 0922 3286 065
Email ad: niahr2597@gmail.com
397 Blk. Welfare Ville Cmpd., Mandaluyong City
PERSONAL DATA:
Age : 16 y/o
Sex : Female
Date of Birth : July 25, 1997
Place of Birth : Mandaluyong City
Civil Status : Single
Height : 53
Religion : Christian
Parents/Occupation : Edgardo E. Tuscano deceased
Feliciana F. Tuscano businesswoman
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No. of siblings : 4
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT:
Degree : Bachelor in Banking and Finance
College : Polytechnic University of the Philippines San Juan Campus
2013 to present San Juan City
Secondary : The National Teachers College
2012-2013 Manila City
Primary : Living Stones Christian Academy
2006-2009 Mandaluyong City
Good Shepherd Christian School
2004-2006 Mandaluyong City
Addition Hills Elementary School
S.Y 2002-2003 San Juan City
SEMINARS ATTENDED:
Synthesis of Kamalayang Panlipunan, 2014
CHARACTER REFERENCES:
Katrina Pearanda Ellery H. Rey Matias
PUPSJ, Student Business Owner
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