(Apr 1998) With which emission type is the capture-effect most pronounced?

FM
What is the purpose of a conversion frequency oscillator? To provide a conversion frequency
What is the BFO in SSB receiver called? Carrier Oscillator
What is the channel width of an AM BC station? 10 kHz
What does aspect ratio mean? Ratio of the screen width to its height
The rms antenna current for an AM transmitter increases by 15% over the
unmodulated value when sinusoidal modulation is applied. Find the daepth of
modulation. 0.8
A radio receiver is called ___ if the local oscillator frequency is made equal to the
wanted RF signal frequency. homodyne
To make the headset reproduce the original modulating signal, the metal disk mask:
Move in step with the changes in amplitude of the
received carrier.
(Nov 1998) Determine from the following radio frequency that falls under the Very
High Frequency band of the radio spectrum. 235.5 MHz
What is the circuit that automatically holds the level or strength of a signal at a
predetermined level used to compensate for variations due to fading? AGC
What is the circuit that changes modulated RF to AF? Demodulator
What portion of the TV signal is used to synchronize the video information on the
recording tape? the vertical sync
The signal which is superimposed on a high-frequency sine wave is called _____. Information
(Nov 1996) Which stands for dB relative level? dBr
What device can be used to make a modulated envelope visible? Oscilloscope
Where is a degaussing coil in a TV set? around the tube face
The noise power generated by a resistor depends upon its operating temperature
What would be produce by weak blue, weak green, and weak red signals on a color
CRT? Gray
For _____ percent modulation in AM, the modulation envelope has a peak value
double the unmodulated carrier level. 100
(Nov 1998) The extremely high frequency (EHF) band is in the radio spectrum range of
_____. 30 to 300 GHz
The three kind of demodulators for AM are: simple, suppressed carrier, and single sideband
What is an ideal pulse? A perfect square wave with zero rise time
What is the main function of a balanced modulator? Suppress carrier signal in order to create a SSB or DSB
Most of the communications receiver is in the form of ___type. Super heterodyne
What TV signal are amplified by the video IF amplifier? Sound the picture carriers
(Apr 1997) If you have an available number of power amplifiers with a gain of 100 each,
how many such amplifiers do you need to cascade to give an overall gain of 60 dB? 3
What does an FM detector do? to convert frequency changes to amplitude changes
What is the letter symbol for the luminance signal? Y
(Apr 1998) What is emission C3F? Television
Which of the following is not a requirement for a color TV signal? good raster reproduction
What is the amount of power lost in a device due to its presence in the path of energy
flow? Insertion loss
When a carrier is frequency-modulated, what is developed on both sides carrier? sidebands
(Nov 1996) Speaker is a device that ____. convert current variations into sound waves
How many oscillators does black and white TV receiver contain? 2
A device which can perform the function of both a transmitter and a receiver. Transceiver
Determine the open-circuit noise voltage in 1 Hz of bandwidth at 290 K for a 26 ohms
resistor. 645 pV
To provide two or more voice circuits with the same carrier, what system must be
used? ISB emission
For an FM signal in the 88-108-MHz broadcast band with a frequency deviation of 15
kHz, determine the percent modulation. 20%
What is the main difference between an AF amplifier and an RF amplifier? The range of frequencies that they amplify
When did the first transatlantic radio communications take place? 1901
What is the frequency for the pilot subcarrier for commercial stereo FM? 19 kHz
During 100% modulation, what percentage of the average output power is in the
sidebands? 33.30%
What will the normal AM receiver detect from an unmodulated RF AC wave? Nothing
What is the disadvantage slope detection of FM? no noise discrimination
Which of the following is not a major difference between FM and AM receivers? AGC
In SSB transmission, which sideband can be eliminated? Either
The circuit used for producing a double sideband suppressed carrier type of AM signal
is called _____. Balances modulator
A relatively rigid extended surface surrounding an acoustic source. Baffle
What is the color subcarrier for channel 5? 80.83 MHz
What is the carrier power transmitted on a 75- antenna if mf=2 and Vc (unmodulated)
is 2 kVpk? 1.29 kW
(Nov 1996) What is the type of emission used by the standard AM radio broadcast? F
A duplexer is used to Connect a receiver and a transmitter to the same antenna
A system has 150 kHz of bandwidth available for a 10-kHz modulating signal. What is
the approximate deviation? 65 kHz
(Nov 1996) Which symbol indicates that only one sideband is transmitted? H3E
The total power content of an AM signal is 600 W. What is the percentage modulation
if each sideband contains 100 W? 100%
Which of the following is not a type of log used in BC stations? Period
How often must remote control instrumentals be calibrated? Weekly
What is the main problem in receiving a suppressed carrier transmission or a single
sideband transmission? The receiver needs to reinsert the missing carrier.
What is the waveform of sweep voltage? Sawtooth
If a 7-A carrier is modulated 100% by a sinusoidal tone, how much does the antenna
current increase? 22.50%
(Apr 1998) Type of modulation used in TV broadcast visual transmitter. Vestigial sideband
What do you call the combining circuit used in TV? Matrix
What BC service must used directional antennas? International broadcasting
(Nov 1997) Extra-terrestrial noise is observable at frequencies from 8 to 1.43 GHz
(Nov 1997) Modulation in which the modulated wave is always present. Continues modulation
What is the name of the operation that uses an antenna changeover switch? Simplex
An FM signal with modulation index m is applied to a frequency tripler. The modulation
index at the output is _____. 3m
What determines the station that will be selected by a tuner? The resonant frequency of the tuner
(Mar 1996) What is the main purpose of a communications system?
To provide an acceptable replica of the information at the
designation
Complex number, equal to the ratio of a complex pressure amplitude to the complex
amplitude of the volume velocity Acoustic Impendance
(Nov 1998) Frequencies above _____ kHz, are referred to as the radio frequencies. 20
A type of room whose boundaries absorb effectively all incident sound. Anechoic Room
(Nov 1996) Which of the following filters block FM radio band for TV channels (2 to
13)? Band-reject filter
What is an application for vestigial sideband transmission? TV Broadcast
The super heterodyne circuit uses local oscillator to ___ with the RF signal of the
station and convert the carrier to the intermediate frequency. heterodyne, beat, mix
What is the power in each sideband for an AM signal with 80%modulation and a total
power of 2500 W? 303 W
What does ANSI mean? American national standards institute
A 100-V carrier is amplitude modulated by a 1-kHz sine wave. What is the side-
frequency amplitude when m=0.75? 37.5 V
What type of second detector is used for AM? Diode
Determine the equivalent noise bandwidth for a single RC low-pass filter if R=20 kohms
and C= 0.1 uF 125 Hz
What broadcast station use vertical antennas on flat ground? AM
What is the result if a balanced modulator is not perfectly balanced? Carrier transmitted
What happens in standard AM transmission when no modulating signal is being
transmitted? There are no sidebands.
(Apr 1997) Unit of noise power of psophometer pWp
What pattern of modulation must used when neutralizing an operating transmitter? 100% or over
What electrical device inside a communication receiver selects one station and rejects
all others? Tuner
(Apr 1998) The signal to noise ratio that is required for a satisfactory television
reception. 40 dB
What constitutes the input to an AM transmitter? RF oscillator and/or audio amplifier
In AM, maximum desirable output of a transmitter is obtained when its modulation is
_____%. 100
(Mar 1996) In the phase shift method, how many circuits must be balanced? 2
(Nov 1997) An antenna that can only receive a television signal? TVRO
(Nov 1997) Which of the following falls under the high frequency band of the radio
spectrum? 8.2345 MHz
(Apr 1997) Reference noise temperature. 290 K
What are the frequency limits of the AM BC band? 535 1605 kHz
What form of energy is contained in a sound? acoustic
It is the liberation of electrons by thermionic means, used as the principal source of
electron emission in microwave vacuum tube devices. Edison Effect
Which of the following is not an advantage of vestigial sideband transmission? Simple receiver circuitry
What stage in a super heterodyne is aligned first? Second Detector
Compute the noise figure of a receiving system with a noise temperature of 2000C. 4.2 dB
What produces the dark spots on fax receiving paper?
Burning due to electric current flow between helix wire
and blade
In Frequency Modulation ______.
The frequency of carrier varies according to the amplitude
of the modulating signal
What is the noise figure of an ideal amplifier? unity
(Apr 1998) Term in communication which is referred, to send out in all direction. Broadcast
What is reduced by rounding off square-wave emissions? Bandwidth
(Nov 1997) A large speaker having diameter (15 cm. and above) Woofer
What is gained by operating an oscillator on some subharmonic of the transmission
frequency? Frequency stability
What other term is essentially synonymous with beating? Heterodyning
Is the information used to represent a TV picture transmitted at the same time? No
(Nov 1998) What is the first symbol of radio signal emission having an amplitude
modulated main carrier, double sideband? A
Apr 1997) The sound power level of a jet plane flying at a height of 1 km is 160 dB (ref =
10-12 W). What is the maximum sound pressure level on the ground directly below the
plane assuming that the aircraft radiates sound equality in all directions? 89.1 dB
Which of the following is not a type of external noise? Pink Noise
(Mar 1996) Power is always _____.
Expressed in watts,The rate at which energy is used ,A
definite amount of energy
A method of generating SSB signal; that utilizes only one balanced modulator circuit. Filter method
Amplitude limiting in the IF section eliminates _____ interference from the FM signal. AM
What is the aspect ratio in commercial TV receivers? 4:03
The velocity at which energy is transported by a wave of nearly constant frequency. Group velocity
In a transmitted AM wave, state where the information is contained? Sidebands
Which is better, an NF of 20 or 10 dB? 10 dB
What class of bias should produce least harmonics? Class A
Name a periodic waveform that consists of only odd harmonics. Square wave
Does the video transmitter at a TV BC station employ FM or AM? AM
The typical output voltage from a magnetic microphone is 1 mV
A super heterodyne is tuned to 2738 kHz. The IF is 475 kHz. What is the image
frequency? 4385 kHz
What type of microphone has the lowest power output? Condenser
An 88-MHz carrier is modulated by an audio tone that caused a frequency deviation of
15 kHz. What is the carrier swing of this FM signal? 30 kHz
What is the standard intermediate frequency for FM radio? 10.7 kHz
An AM transmission of 1000 W is fully modulated. Calculate the power transmitted as a
SSB signal. 167 W
The PM signal produces by an FM circuit is called Indirect PM
(April 1997) Industrial noise frequency is between ___. 15 to 160 MHz
(Nov 1998) A third symbol emission which represent television. F
Determine the open-circuit noise voltage in 1Hz of bandwidth at 290 K for a diode
biased at 1 mA. 465 pV
What is an NO RY? Normally open relay
What is the major requirement of the oscillators used in an SSB receiver? stability
Amplitude distortion results from _____ amplification. Nonlinear
Find the noise voltage for a 1-kohms resistor at 170C tuned by an LC circuit with a BW
of 1 MHz. 5.01 uV
The antenna current of an AM transmitter is 6.2 A when unmodulated and rises to 6.7
A when modulated. What is the %m? 57.90%
What is the major problem with a very-high-frequency oscillator? Poor frequency stability
Which of the following is not an advantage of SSB over AM? Simple receiver circuit
How much time is allocated for horizontal retrace? 10.2 s
The term angular velocity as applied to electronic system refers to the number of: Radian per second a voltage vector rotates
A decibel notation relative to a reference noise level. dBrn
(Nov 1998) Which of the following is referred to as a radio emission without
sidebands? Carrier
An earth station receiver has a signal of 4 x 10-12 W across 50 input. What is the
signal level in microvolts? 14.14
With _____, the modulation envelope is an expression of the amplitude and frequency
of the modulation signal. AM
It describe the acoustic energy flowing per unit area and per unit time. Acoustic Intensity
What is another term meaning downward modulation? Negative Carrier Shift
What is the wavelength for a frequency of 1 million hertz? 300 m
The rms antenna current of a radio transmitter is 10 A when unmodulated, rising to 12
A when the carrier is sinusoidally modulated. What is the modulation factor? 0.94
What factor(s) determine the modulation index of an FM signal? Frequency deviation,Frequency of the modulation signal
What type of circuit reduces even-order harmonics? Push-Pull
What does AFC mean? Automatic Frequency Control
(Mar 1996) The letter-number designation B8E is a form of modulation also known as
_____. Independent sideband emission
(Apr 1997) Tendency of sound energy to spread. Diffraction
(Apr 1998) What is a frequency discriminator? A circuit for detecting FM signals
Who is in overall control of a TV production? producer
(Nov 1996) Which determines the number of sideband components in FM? Modulation index
What does ALC mean? Automatic Level Control
What AF range is required of the aural transmitter of a TV BC station? 50 Hz 15,000 Hz
(Nov 1998) What connects the front-end circuit of a VHF TV super heterodyne receiver? Local oscillator, mixer and RF amplifier
(Apr 1997) Lowest frequency produced by musical instrument. Fundamental
(Mar 1996) In AM, the carrier carries _____ intelligence. No
A device used for abating the noise accompanying the flow of gas through a pipe. Muffler
Compute the modulation index of an FM signal with a carrier swing of 10 kHz when the
modulating signal is 5 kHz. 1
The noise figure of a system is 12 and its input signal-to-noise ratio is 60. What is the
output signal-to-noise ratio? 5
What is the relative permittivity of air? 1
In AM, increasing the amplitude of the modulating signal, the amount of power in the
information part of the transmitted signal is _____ relative to the power used for the
carrier. Increased
A modulation technique commonly used for low-cost digitization of voice signals. A0
It is the representation of a waveform in such a way that its amplitude is displayed as a
function of frequency. Frequency Domain
How many horizontal lines are used to develop a TV raster? 525
Connecting a headset directly across the tuner in a simple AM radio receiver: Will not produce sound in the headset.
The term wolfe number refers to the front-end circuit of a VHF TV super heterodyne
receiver? 11-year sunspot cycle
What is the noise current for a diode with a forward bias of 1 mA over a 1 MHz
bandwidth? 17.9 nA
(Nov 1996) ____ is the average rate of transmission of sound energy in a given
direction through a cross sectional area of 1 sq. m. at right angle to the direction. Sound intensity
Modulating two waves of the same frequency but with _____. 90
Which of the following is not normally tested in a transmitter? Amplitude
What is the horizontal resolution of a broadcast TV receiver? 428 lines
What type of wave trap is connected in series with a line? Parallel
What is the frequency of the color burst? 3.58 MHz
(Apr 1997) _____ used to measure speech volume. Volume unit meter
This noise increases with bias current level and is inversely proportional to the square
of frequency. burst noise
The purpose of the balances modulator circuits is to eliminate the _____. Carrier
A mixer is tuned to 2000 kHz and the local oscillator is on 1300 kHz. What frequency
would cause an image? 600 kHz
(Nov 1996) Which frequency band is the standard AM radio broadcast? MF
(Mar 1996) One-hundred twenty bars of pressure variation is equal to 115.56 dBSPL
A carrier wave is amplitude modulated by two sine waves of different frequencies with
modulation indices of 0.3 and 0.4. What is the overall modulation index? 0.5
What distinguishes one electromagnetic wave form another? Frequency
What type of device can be used in balanced modulators? AF, RF
(Apr 1997) channels 2, 4 and 5 are known as low band VHF
(Apr 1997) Which transmit only sideband? H3E
How many times more bandwidth does the UHF band have than VHF band? 10
A type of microphone which has a permanent magnet ribbon
What is the source of wheel static? Brakes
What is the advantage of using a high IF? better image rejection
If the second-harmonic amplitude is 2V and the fundamental is 10V, then the second-
harmonic distortion is ___. 20%
In what type of transmitters is balanced modulators used? SSB
(Apr 1997) What is the local oscillator frequency range in commercial AM broadcast if
IF is equal to 455 kHz? 955 to 2055 kHz
In what way would a program may be received at BC stations? Satellite, Radio Relay, Telephone Lines
What is the highest video frequency set by the FCC for commercial TV? 4.2 MHz
For an IF frequency of 455 kHz, what must be the LO frequency when receiving a 580
kHz transmission? 1.035 MHz
Which of the following is used in microwave ovens? Magnetron
What is the signal, usually of random character, which is always present in a
communications system? noise
What service uses HF CW communications? Police
What is the picture carrier frequency for channel 7? 175.25 MHz
(Apr 1998) An instrument for recording waveforms of audio frequency. Phonoscope
An AM signal displayed on an oscilloscope has a maximum span of 5 V and a minimum
of 1 V. What is the modulation index? 67%
The total transmitted power for an AM signal is 1200 W at 100% modulation. What is
the power for each sideband? 200 W
What is the power requirement for international BC stations? 50 kW
A system uses a deviation of 100 kHz and a modulating frequency of 15 kHz. What is
the approximate bandwidth? 230 kHz
The process of impressing information signals to a high frequency carrier is called
_____. modulation
For a 75-MHz FM carrier modulated by 5-kHZ audio tone that causes a frequency
deviation of 15 kHz, determine the FM signal bandwidth. 40 kHz
Basically, what would be added to a TRF to produce a super heterodyne? IF stage, Local Oscillator, Mixer stage
An amplifier with NF= 6 dB has (S/N), of 25 dB. What is the output S/N? 19 dB
Is SSB, voice compression is better in the AF or Rf section? RF
Two 4 speakers connected in series have a total impedance of ____. 8
What is usually transmitted by facsimile? Pictures
What part of a super heterodyne is responsible for the band pass of the receiver? IF Amplifier
What information must be contained in a TV signal? Video, Sound, Synchronizing signal
The circuit that performs the suppression of the carrier signal. Balanced modulator
(Apr 1998) Term for transmission of printed picture by radio. Facsimile
What radio frequencies are most affected by lightning or static waves? VLF
The audio is reconstructed from the radio wave by:
The action of a filter capacitor connected across the
headset
For an FM transmitter, the initial carrier frequency is 8 MHz with a frequency deviation
of 1 kHz. If the total frequency multiplication of the transmitter is 12, determine the
final; frequency deviation. 12 kHz
A ______ is a resonant circuit tuned to reject an undesired signal by reducing the gain
at the trap frequency. Wave trap
What is the reason for using pre-emphasis? reduce noise reception
(Mar 1996) The _____ filter attenuates signals but passes frequencies below and above
the band. Band stop
(Apr 1997) Sound intensity level is_____. 10 log I / I ref
What happens to noise when you increase the bandwidth of an amplifier? it increases
(Nov 1998) What is meant by the term deviation ratio?
The ratio of the maximum carrier frequency deviation to
the highest audio modulation frequency
Calculate the thermal noise delivered to a system with a bandwidth of 1 Hz operating
at 170C. 4 x 10-21 W
What is the required accuracy of BC station meters? 2%
The local FM stereo rock station is at 96.5 MHz. What must be the local oscillator
frequency? 107.2 MHz
What is the device designed to display the signal state of many lines simultaneously? Logic analyzer
(Nov 1996) Noise from random acoustic or electric noise that has equal per cycle over a
specified total frequency band. White noise, Gaussian noise, Thermal noise
What is the approximate efficiency of a class B linear RF AM amplifier? 35%
What is the letter-number designation for an FM facsimile? F3C
A double conversion receiver uses a first IF of 10.7 MHz and a second of 455 kHz, both
with high tracking. If a signal is received at 50 MHz, what signal/s will go into the
second mixer? 10.7 MHz
In Phase Modulation (PM), the modulation index represents ______. The maximum phase shift
In 1877, _____ invented a method of making a permanent record of sound with his
invention of the phonograph. Edison
What kind of crystal is used in oscillators? Quartz
A 2-kW RF carrier is sinusoidally modulated 100% . Haw much power is in one
sideband? 500 W
(Nov 1997) An AM transmitter is rated 100 W at 100% modulation. How much power is
required for the carrier? 66.66 W
(Nov 1996)Multiplexing in a time division multiplexer occurs based upon The positioning of data within a frame
(Apr 1998) Which of the following refers to a double side band full carrier? A3E
When the modulating frequency is halved, the modulation index is doubled and the
modulating voltage remains constant. The type of modulation is FM
For an unmodulated carrier of 1000V and a modulated peak value of 1800 V, what is
the modulation index? 0.8
What might cause a 120-MHz aircraft transmission to be received on an FM broadcast
band receiver with a 10.7-MHz IF? 98.6 MHz
A type of device noise whose intensity decreases with frequency. flicker
It is the representation of a complex waveform in such a way that the sinusoidal
components are displayed as a function of time. Time Domain
What is the power saving when the carrier is suppressed in a regular AM signal
modulated to an index of 100%? 66.70%
(Apr 1998) Refers to an emission designation for facsimile. A3C and F3C
What is the shape of a trapezoidal pattern at 100% modulation? Triangle
(Nov 1997) A single sideband emission in which the degree of carrier suppression
enables the carrier to be reconstituted and to be used for demodulation. Reduce carrier single sideband emission
What is the percent modulation of a signal in the FM broadcast band at 92 MHz with 20
kHz frequency deviation? 27%
What holds the horizontal oscillator on frequency? AFC
If the 500-Hz modulation of a 1-MHz carrier has 3rd harmonic distortion, what is the
emission bandwidth? 3 kHz
What determines the rate of frequency swing for an FM broadcast transmitter? Modulation frequency
What circuit accompanies a mixer? LO
Any periodic function is represented by the sum of a number of sinusoidal variations of
different amplitudes, frequencies, and phases. Fouriers Theorem
What is the sound carrier for channel 10? 197.75 MHz
(Nov 1996) The unit of pitch. Mel
What is the interference due to single tone or complex periodic waveforms? Tone interference
Determine the power saving in percent when the carrier is suppressed in an AM signal
modulated to 80% 75.80%
A receiver has a dynamic range of 81 dB. It has 0.55 nW sensitivity. What is the
maximum allowable input signal? 0.0692 W
What is the power saving in J3E system at 100% modulation? 83.30%
When an operator wishes to indicate that he has received all of the last transmission,
he will transmit the word _____. Roger
A radio transmitter is rated as having a frequency accuracy of 0.2 parts per million.
What is the maximum frequency error at 150 MHz? 30 Hz
What causes audio signals to be distorted in a receiver? Harmonics
How many AM stations can be accommodated in a 150-kHz bandwidth if the highest
modulating frequency is 10 kHz? 7
An unmodulated carrier is 300 VP-P. Calculate %m when its maximum p-p value
reaches 400 V. 33.30%
(Apr 1997) The random and unpredictable electric signal from natural causes, both
internal and external to the system is known as ___. noise
He was the one who developed the mathematical solution to a complex repetitive
waveform. J. Fourier
(Apr 1998) If a transmitter supplies 8 kW to the antenna when it is unmodulated,
determine the total radiated power when modulated at 30%. 8.36 kW
What kind of system relays has remote readings? Telemetering
What is the function of an FM limiter? to remove amplitude variation
Which is not true about modulation Narrower bandwidth
Which is not a method of generating single sideband signal? Balanced modulator
(Mar 1996) Three audio waves with 100, 200 and 300 volts amplitude respectively,
simultaneously modulate a 450 volts carrier. What is the total percent of modulation of
the Am wave? 83%
Normally, for how long must logs be kept for the FCC? 1 year
What is the allowable bandwidth of commercial AM radio in the United States? 10 kHz
The maximum swing of the sound carrier in TV system is ______. 25 kHz
(Mar 1996) What is the difference between phase and frequency modulation? Lies in the different definitions of the modulation index
In TV system. A picture signals are transmitted by AM
In a TV picture tube, what is the purpose of the large tube voltage? attracts electrons towards face of tube
Which of the following is an advantage of PM over FM? Requires a simpler transmitter
Which stages in a broadcast transmitter are normally class C? modulated amplifier
(Nov 1997) Noise caused by the thermal agitation of electrons in resistance. Johnsons Noise, White Noise, Thermal Noise
(Mar 1996) The signal in a channel is measured to be 23 dB while noise in the same
channel is measured to be 9 dB. The signal to noise ratio therefore is ____. 14-dB
What is a hybrid transmitter? Part semiconductor, part vacuum tube
(Nov 1996) When was the UHF channels (14-83) of television were added? 1952
(Nov 1997) A good example of a pilot tone system used in commercial frequency
modulation stations. Stereo multiplexing
A microwave antenna at an earth station has Tant=25 K. If the receiver has Tr=290 K (3
dB NF), then the resultant equivalent system noise temperature is ___. 315 K
What are the two emission designations of a TV transmission? F3E, C3F
In what classes are SSB linear amplifiers operated? D
(Nov 1996) Both frequency and phase modulation utilizes _____ modulation. angle
When the loop in a PLL is locked, what is the difference in frequency detected by the
phase detector? 0
Which produces greater interference, overmodulated positive or negative peaks? Negative
It is the interference of a signal from one channel into another channel. Crosstalk
The modulation index of an AM wave is changes from 0 to 1. The transmitter power is?
What happens to the spectrum of a repetitive pulse as the pulse width decreases? More harmonics of the same phase
In an AM transmitter, after the modulation stage, _____ amplifier cannot be used. Class C
(Apr 1998) The final power amplifier in an FM y=transmitter usually operates class
_____. C
A suppressed-carrier synchronous detector requires:
The presence of a reinserted carrier of exactly the same
frequency and phase as the original.
(Nov 1996) A loudspeaker cabinet has an internal volume of 5,184 in (84,950 cm). If
has a port area on the on the baffle of 50 in (323cm) and the thickness of 0.75 in
(19mm). What is the Helmholtz resonance, in hertz, of this loudspeaker enclosure? 245 Hz
(Nov 1998) In modulation technique, which of the following is referred to audible
pitch? Frequency
(Nov 1997) Background noise is the same as the following except impulse noise
It refers to the sending, receiving and processing of information by electronic means. Communications
(Apr 1997) The final amplifier of either FM or AM transmitter operates as Class C
What is an advantage of series modulation? Capable of modulating very high frequencies
Which of the following is not associated with transistors? jitter
(Mar 1996) Cross modulation on a receiver is eliminated at the Detector stage
In FM, what produces the sidebands? Modulating signal
(Apr 1998) What is the period of a wave? The time required to complete one cycle
What percent of the radiated power is in the sidebands with 50% sinusoidal
modulation (AM)? 11%
The SI unit of magnetic field intensity is Ampere/meter
A function y = f(t) is even if it has perfect symmetry about the _____. y-axis
Determine the noise power delivered to a receiver input at 300 K and noise bandwidth
of 20 kHz. -130.8 dBm
In a 5-kW AM transmitter high-level modulation is used. What is the value of the audio
signal power needed for 100 percent modulation? 2.5 kW
Which of the following is not a major component of a color TV receiver? sync analyzer
What type of coupling discriminates against harmonic transmission Inductive
(Apr 1997) 100% modulation inn AM means a corresponding increase in total power by
_____. 50%
What is the blanking level for negative transmission? 75%
The value(s) associated with sine waves of voltages are: Average, Instantaneous , Maximum
What does the acronym VIR mean? Vertical Interval Reference
What is the ratio of maximum deviation allowed to the modulating frequency being
used called? Modulation Index
(Nov 1998) In amplitude modulation technique the unmodulated carrier is referred as
having _____. 0% modulation
What section of a TV receiver determines the bandwidth and produces the signal gain? IF Amplifier
Which of the following is not commonly used in the LO? Crystal
(Mar 1996) what is the purpose of a beat frequency oscillator (BFO)? Generates a 1 kHz tone to Morse reception
The modulated carrier power in FM Is independent of modulating signal power
Who hears high audio frequency best? young people
What is the bandwidth of a narrowband FM signal generates by a 2 kHz audio signal a
110-MHz FM carrier? 4 kHz
Which of the following is not an advantage of FM over AM? Lower bandwidth is required
(Nov 1997) A method of expressing the amplitude of complex non-periodic signals such
as speech. Volume
An adjustable resonant cavity calibrated if frequency and which undergoes some
power absorption at resonance. Frequency Meter
(Apr 1997) If a voltage is equal to twice its original value, what is its corresponding
change in dB? 6 dB
The pre-emphasis network in Europe has a time constant of ___. 150 us
The parameter of a high-frequency carrier that may be varied by a low-frequency
intelligence signal is _____. Phase, Frequency, Amplitude
Which of the following must not be included? atmospheric noise
(Nov 1997) Atmospheric noise is less severe at frequencies above 30 MHz
The big breakthrough in electric communications came with the invention of the _____
in 1844. Telegraph
Sound is a wave motion of varying air____. Pressure
(Apr 1998) Best describes as an amplifier used in radio telephony. Class C
In a low-level modulation system, the type of amplifier that follows the modulated
stage should be a _____. Linear amplifier
(Nov 1998) What is the major cause of atmospheric or static noise? thunderstorm
Which of the following is not a continuous wave modulation? PCM
(Mar1996) The equivalent noise temperature of the amplifier is 25 K. What is the noise
figure? 1.086
Treble sound corresponds to High frequencies
What is the percent modulation of an AM wave that has a power content of 12 kW in
each sideband when modulated by a single tone?
What is the deviation ratio for commercial FM? 5
He was the one who developed the wireless telegraph. Marconi
In single-gun color CRT, what electron beam travels straight through the tube? green
What stage in an AM transmitter creates its own sine wave? Oscillator
To what feature of the modulating tone is FM deviation proportional? Amplitude
(Mar 1996) What is the primary advantage of DSBSC in AM? No transmitter power is wasted in the carrier
What is another name for AF volume control? Gain
(Apr 1997) What particular circuit gets rids of FM noise? Limiter
(Mar 1996) If the percentage of modulation of an AM amplifier is 88% and the
modulation signal is 1 volt, the carrier has an amplitude of _____. 1.14 volts
The color phasor has what phase for the I signal? 57
hat is the maximum power output of a CB A3E emission? 10 W
(Nov 1997) Two resistor, 20 kohms and 50 kohms are at ambient temperature.
Calculate for a bandwidth equal to 100 kHz, the thermal noise voltage for the two
resistors connected in parallel. 4.78 uV
What characteristic of the sound wave determines its pitch? frequency
Receiver ___ is a gauge of the receivers capacity to receive weak signals. Sensitivity
The input power to a 50- receiver is 200 pW. Determine the receiver gain required to
produce 3 dBm at the detector. 70 dB
What is the result of overmodulation of an FM emission? Excessive bandwidth distortion
How many cathodes are there in a shadow-mask tube? 3
What is the lowest number of sections required by communications receiver? 4
In free-space, the phase velocity of a TEM wave is _____ the group velocity. Equal to
(Nov 1996) What is the maximum color TV bandwidth? 1.3 MHz
What source of noise is related to system temperature? thermal noise
The bandwidth in _____ depends on the number of significant sidebands. Frequency Modulation
What is the meaning of the acronym WDM? Wavelength division multiplexing
What is the required time constant for an FM broadcast preemphasis and deemphasis
network? 75 s
The device that prevents aural RF from entering the video transmitter and vice versa is
called____. diplexer
The type of device noise, which is important at high frequencies, is ___ noise. Transit-time
(Apr 1998) In television broadband vivid strong color are often referred as ____. saturation
What devise is used to determine phase difference between two broadcast antennas? Phase monitor
The power of thermal noise is ___ of resistance. independent
(Nov 1996) What is the equivalent output of a circuit in dBm , if it has an output of 10
watts? 40 dBm
(Mar 1996) Atmospheric condition is controlled by Temperature,Humidity, Pressure
What is the major advantage of FM over AM? Less noise
What is the purpose of AFC in an FM receiver? to help maintain a steady local oscillator frequency
A 1500-kHz carrier and 2 kHz intelligence signal are combined in anon-liner device.
What component is present at the output? 1500 kHz, 1502 kHz , 1492 kHz
What is the coupling used in Stoneman transmission bridge? Capacitive
What is meant by amplitude modulation? The carrier amplitude is varied
When diode is used as a detector in the simple AM radio, what happens to the
waveform of the carrier? It is rectified.
In a TV receiver, what is the horizontal sync frequency? 15,750 Hz
A mirror that reflects one color but passes all other are called ____. Dichroic
(Apr 1998) How does a SSB transmitter output power normally expressed? In term of peak envelope power
What is the small amount of the signal applied to the input port that leaks through to
the output port? Feedthrough loss
Where is telemetering used in BC stations? Remote position to transmitter
(Nov 1997) Nominal voice channel 4 kHz
What determines the purity of received colors? Q and I amplitudes
Most household radio receiver uses ___ detector. envelope
What do you call a heterodyne frequency changer? Mixer
Which of the following FM detectors is not used in mobile? Balanced Detector
If a broadcast station is transmitting but not modulating, what is heard in a receiver
tuned to its frequency? Nothing
A diagram which shows the relationship between RF signal phase and maximum
bunching of the electron beam in velocity-modulated devices. Applegate Diagram
What is the following is not a product of overmodulation? Image
(Apr 1997) The most common unit of noise measurement in white noise testing. NPR
(Mar 1996) In an FM receiver, which circuit removes amplitude variations? Limiter
What is the most common application of carbon microphone? telephone
(Nov 1998) In radio regulation. The first symbol in the designation of radio emission is
_____. Type of modulation of the main carrier
An indirect method of generating FM is Armstrong modulator
What is the greatest possible modulation value without distortion? 100%
What produces splatter in an AM transmission? overmodulation
Quantization noise is produced in PCM
How many ground radials should a /4 vertical AM broadcast antenna use? 24 or more
Which of the following is not an application of PLL? AM Discriminator
For an FM signal
The amplitude of any sideband depends on the
modulation index
The range of frequencies represented in a signal. Bandwidth
What information other than the sound has to be transmitted in TV transmission? visual signal, synchronizing signals, blanking pulses
(Nov 1996) The maximum power suggested by the KBP on 919 1312 kHz AM
broadcast station I Metro Manila is 20 kW
(Apr 1998) A carrier signal has _____. Constant peak amplitude
(Apr 1998) Quantity that do not change when a beam of light enters one medium to
another. Frequency
A diode detector:
Converts AC into pulsating DC, Detects the modulating
signal., Allows current to flow in one direction only..
How many electron beans actually leave the electron gun of a single-gun color CRT? 3
An FM signal has a frequency deviation of 2000 Hz caused by modulating signal of 500
Hz. What is the modulation index? 4
(Apr 1998) A form of single sideband emission where the degree of carrier suppression
enables the carrier to be reconstituted and be used for demodulation. Reduced carrier single sideband emission
Any waveform that is not symmetrical in area about the time axis has a (n) _____
component. DC
How often should BC stations be identified? at least once an hour
What is the maximum power that ca be contained in the sideband without distortion? 16.67%
In FM for a given frequency deviation, the modulation index varies _____ with the
modulating frequency. Inversely
What circuit is used to create vestigial transmission? Diplexer
A major disadvantage of the vacuum tube is its need for a _____ to give energy to the
electrons. Heater
What is the main feature of DSB transmission? Carrier is suppressed
What determines the selectivity of a receiver? the bandwidth of the tuned circuits
(Nov 1996) The wavelength of light has no role in Polarization
It is the ___ that tunes the receiver to different stations. Local Oscillator
(Nov 1997) What is the effect in over modulated amplitude modulated radio
broadcasting transmission? Interference to adjacent channel
What is the oldest and simplest form of multiplexing? Space-division multiplexing
(Nov 1998) Which band does channel 14 of the television channel belongs? UHF band
A DSB-SC system must suppress the carrier by 50 dB from its original value of 10 W. To
what value must the carrier be reduced? 0.0001 W
What percentage of the primary colors used in color TV are needed to produce the
brightest white? 30% red, 59% green, 11% blue
What factor determines the modulation index of an FM transmission? Modulating signal frequency
What is the meaning of kinescope? TV picture tube
(Apr 1998) Considered as the main source of an internal noise. Thermal agitation
The value of a resistor creating thermal noise is halved. The noise power generated is unchanged
What determines the maximum number of vertical picture element? Number of lines on the screen
When do BC stations make equipment tests? experimental period
(Nov 1997) Operating method in which the transmission is made alternately in each
direction of a telecommunication channel. Half duplex operation
What major principle prevents the TV viewer from observing flicker? persistence of the picture tube and human eye
What is the frequency of the VCR control signal? 30 Hz
What formula determines sideband power in AM emissions? Pc(m2/4)
Another name for burst noise popcorn noise
A subcarrier has a (n) _____ frequency than the main carrier. Lower
What is the S/N at the output of an amplifier whose NF=10 dB and the input S/N=25
dB? 15 dB
The power in FM _____ as the modulation index increases. Remain constant
What is the amount of carrier swing necessary to produce an 80% modulation for the
audio portion of the TV band? 40 kHz
What are the le7tter-number designations of carrier and one SB? H3E
A type of information signal which is made up of rapid and unpredictable variations in
amplitude and frequency. speech
If two signals are in quadrature, what is their phase relation? 90
(Nov 1997) The first symbol in the designation of radio emission under the ITU rules
refers to type of modulation of the main carrier
FM system is superior to AM because It eliminates most of amplitude variation noise
The entire range of _____ of electromagnetic radiation is called the frequency
spectrum. Frequencies
(Nov 1996) The output of a balanced modulator is _____. LSB and USB
How many watts are represented by 40 dBw? 10000 W
What is the frequency swing of an FM broadcast transmitter when modulated 60%? 45 kHz
Pilot carrier transmission, means
Two sidebands as well as a trace of carrier are
transmitted
What is the main disadvantage of a single-tube transmitted? Frequency instability
What is the magnitude of the frequency component at seven times the fundamental
frequency for a square wave amplitude 1 V? 0.18
(Mar 1996) A car horn outdoors, produces a sound intensity level of 90 dB at ft away.
At this distance, what is the sound power in watt? 0.12 W
For an AM signal modulated to a depth of 100% by a pure tone, the power is _____ the
power of unmodulated carrier. 3 / 2 times
The major difference between FM and PM
Lies in the poorer audio response of phase modulation
index
Where is ISB primarily used? Telephone and Telegraph Communications
It is the ability of a radio receiver to receive weak signal. sensitivity
What was the first BC PM system called? Armstrong
In communications systems, demodulation ______. Is opposite of modulation
An SSB contains 30 kW. The power content of the carrier is _____ kW. 0
What is a device such as the microphone and the headset sometimes called? Reproducer
What type of field does a Faraday shield stop? Electrostatic
Which came first, the invention of the telephone or the invention of the phonograph? telephone
A SSB transmitter drives 121 V peak into a 50- antenna. What is the PEP? 146W
What is a radio carrier? A higher frequency signal
(Mar 1996) Which of the following pulse modulation systems is analog? PWM
In an FM receiver, the circuit that keeps the receiver tuned exactly to the desired
station is ___. AFC
Noise is most problematic at the___. communication channel
Which of the following services use crystal local oscillators? Aircraft
The all-encompassing noise associated with a give environment, being usually
composite of sounds from many sources near and far. Ambient Noise
Which of the following limits the performance of a communication system? Bandwidth
(Apr 1997) What is the reference frequency of CCITT psophometric noise
measurement? 800 Hz
How many mixers are in an SSB receiver? 2
What method can be used to invert speech? Frequency translation
Keyed AGC is AGC that:
Is used in TV receivers so that transmitted picture
brightness does not affect the AGC
When voltages are out-of-phase, the total voltage can be found by adding: Vectorially
Which of the following do not require a tuner? None of these
If an FM transmitter has two doublers and one tripler, what is the carrier swing when
the oscillator deviates 2 kHz? 48 kHz
FM has a major disadvantage of _____. Greater bandwidth
In FM, what determines bandwidth? Modulation index
Which of the following is not contained in TV tuner? Duplexer
Where is a color burst found? Back porch
Which type of microphone has a high Z output? Crystal
The information carrying capacity of a signal is _____ to its bandwidth. Directly proportional
(Nov 1998) What do you call the service area of a standard AM broadcast where fading
is allowed but no objectionable co-channel interference? Secondary
Calculate the modulating frequency that causes an FM signal to have a bandwidth of 50
kHz when its frequency deviation is 15 kHz. 10 kHz
What is the seventh harmonic of 360 kHz? 2520 kHz
(Nov 1998) Refers to the first symbol in an emission designation with an amplitude
modulated main carrier represented by letter A. Double sideband full carrier
What determine the bandwidth of a transmitted AM signal?
The highest frequency component of the modulating
signal
High-frequency distortion occurs when the _____ harmonic components of a digital
square wave are lost. High frequency
What is the process where some of the medium through which it impinges? absorption
Which subcarrier leads by 90 in TV system? I
What sweep frequency could be used on a scope to stop an envelope pattern of 600-Hz
modulation? 300 Hz
(Nov 1998) The third symbol radio emission which represent telephone transmission
including sound broadcasting. E
The audible pitch refers to frequency
(Mar 1996) After the IF stages have been aligned, the next state to align in FM receiver
is local oscillator
(Nov 1997) The Tendency for the sound energy to spread. Diffraction
What is the major advantage of a super heterodyne receiver? excellent selectivity and sensitivity
(Nov 1997) The third symbol in the designation of radio emission under the IYU rules
refers to type of information to be transmitted
How guardbands are allocated in commercial FM stations? 25 kHz on either side of the transmitting signal
_____ frequencies are exact multiples of the fundamental frequency. Harmonic
(Apr 1997) Modulation means
varying of some parameters of a carrier such as its
amplitude to transmit information
(Nov 1997) In the designation of bandwidth and emission, what letter in the symbol
represents a double-sideband of modulation? A
Where is the single-button microphone used most? Telephone
What does VOX mean? Voice-operated transmission
What frequencies are considered to be in the AF range? 20 Hz 20 kHz
Which of the following items need not be checked with receivers? Gain