Introduction The project will try to incorporate all the necessary facilities and amenities and shall ensure quality basic education in the region. With the fast growing demand for a competitive job, the probability of landing to a better job is highly uncertain. In order to meet the qualifications necessary for tertiary level, a good foundation must be first put in the level prior. The high school proposed here is a private nonsectarian school which provides excellent quality basic education and integrated approach in the fields of English, mathematics, and science. The school will be located in Cavite, the fringe of region 4 not very far from the capital region so as to provide an easy access. A school that envisions notable alumni. Hence, spaces programming is an essential factor in order to meet the demands of both local and international academic standards.
Background of the study Human Development Index (HDI) is a measure of any progress of change in human development. It is measured by taking the average of (1) life expectancy; (2) weighted average of functional literacy and combined elementary and secondary net enrolment rate; and (3) real per capita income (Annex S). The HDI was advocated by the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) in 1990 to determine growth and development over time. THESIS PROPOSAL ON DESIGNING MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL IN GEN. TRIAS, CAVITE
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Three out of the five Calabarzon provinces are included in the top five provinces in terms of the Human Development Index: Rizal (ranked 2nd out of 77 provinces included in the assessment),Cavite (ranked 3rd) and Laguna (ranked 5th). Batangas garnered an overall HDI ranking of 15, whileQuezon fared the worst with a ranking of 58. Based from Human Development Index, we can perceived that Cavite is ready for a High-standard educational institution like Mathematics and Science High school that could strengthen more of their knowledge. Furthermore, results on NAT of Calabarzon shows depressing results. The NAT comprises if English, Filipino, Mathematics and Science. Among the four subjects, Mathematics got the lowest percentage of passing rate with -5.41, English also got a negative percentage having -5.29, Filipino having -3.53 and lastly Science with -3.38. In the conducted survey on simple literacy of the population 10 years old and over by year 2000,2003 and 2008, Calabarzon got 94%( both sexes), 97%, and 98.0% respectively. Meaning to say, that a person from the region basically knows how to read, write and compute basic calculations. Based on the department of education, national achievement test (nat) results of grade VI and fourth year high school students in the region in math, English and science. At both levels, scores obtained by students were way below the cut-off score of 75 percent which means that students are not acquiring the necessary competencies for Math, English and Science. The poor performance of the students may be attributed to persistent shortages of classrooms, furniture, teachers and textbooks in many public schools. Although not reflected in regional Averages, wide disparities at the school THESIS PROPOSAL ON DESIGNING MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL IN GEN. TRIAS, CAVITE
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levels are common. In addition to shortages, a large number of grade I enrollees did not have early childhood education. Being ill-prepared to absorb their lessons, they are consequently left behind. Such is carried through over the years that could explain why the scores at the secondary level are noticeably lower than the elementary level.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM The researchers seek to establish an answer to the following question:
MAIN PROBLEM:
How will mathematics and science high school develop students to being competent in the exercise of intellectual faculties and be outstanding in the practice of adopting in the fast changing world? SUB-PROBLEMS: 1. What type of planning is most suitable in the location for student's, faculties' and other user's comfort? 2. What are the general guidelines on educational facilities (high school) development to be followed? 3. What will be the character design of the Mathematics and Science High school that will serve as a stimulus for the spirit of learning? 4. What designs shall be integrated in order to reflect the character of the school?
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OBJECTIVE The main objective of this proposal is To design a Mathematics and Science High school in Gen. Trias, Cavite and develop students to being competent in the exercise of intellectual faculties and be outstanding in the practice of adopting in the fast growing and changing world by providing a specific area where the students will enhance their potential with advancement of Mathematics, Science and English subjects Specifically, the objectives are: to identify the planning design most suitable for the user's comfort to built facilities necessary for Mathematics and Science high school following guidelines
to create a character that will make the School impose the spirit of learning through its architecture
to integrate designs the reflect the character of the school
Significance of the Study This project will provide the youth of Cavite and neighboring provinces to attain a higher degree of approach in education specifically in the field of Mathematics and Science. It will enable them to pursue career towards their goals for the future. The project proposal will serve as a foundation that will mold the youth to become competent professionals someday. The findings may provide for systematic description, analysis and evaluation of the Mathematics and Science High school. Architecture students as well as faculties are THESIS PROPOSAL ON DESIGNING MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL IN GEN. TRIAS, CAVITE
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the beneficiaries of this study. This will also serve as a variable guide and a source material for further studies regarding the project. Scope and Delimitation The scopes of the projects, basically focused on the secondary level of education. Cover up the formulation, statistics, research and design that arrives for a productive proposal. Giving up a better production and output of the project. Supporting data and statistics are highly considerable.
Delimitation, stated for the Secondary education level. The proposal, generated and scoped for the high school level. Thus, the study focuses on the Architectural approach and not with the curriculum per se.
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Introduction In this chapter, review of related literature and studies were divided by means of defining the project according to its purpose and then identified features affecting it as a tectonic, analyzing the demography and using foreign and local literature for the review of related projects.
Review of Related Literature School Defined. Our house is considered to be our primary school. It is where we learn to talk, walk, and some includes learning how to read and write. according to Webster Illustrated Contemporary Dictionary (Landau,1992), A school is a building or group of buildings in which formal instructions are given. Science High school offers curriculum that is advanced in Mathematics and Science. According to the Department of Science and technology, The PSHS System - Office of the Executive Director promotes global excellence in Science and Mathematics education by providing dynamic leadership to constituent campuses. It sets harmonized policies that nurture innovative programs in support of the PSHS Mission and Vision towards nation building. THESIS PROPOSAL ON DESIGNING MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL IN GEN. TRIAS, CAVITE
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fig 1: Performance Gains in Mean Percentage Scores Source: DepEd
Understanding Factors Affecting The Performance Of Secondary Students. The Result on NAT of Calabarzon (D1 on fig.1) is -4.99. The NAT comprises if English, Filipino, Mathematics and Science. Among the four subjects, Mathematics got the lowest percentage of passing rate with -5.41, English also got a negative percentage having -5.29, Filipino having -3.53 and lastly Science with -3.38. In the conducted survey on simple literacy of the population 10 years old and over by year 2000,2003 and 2008, Calabarzon got 94%( both sexes), 97%, and 98.0% respectively. Meaning to say, that a person from the region basically knows how to read, write and compute basic calculations. Another aspect in which the region is targeting is to eliminate gender disparity in basic education (see table 1). the probability achievement is very low having the 2009 data of 1.13.
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Table 1: Gender Parity in Secondary Net Enrollment Rate
Table 2: Employment and Unemployment Rate
The results (see Table 2) of poverty estimates indicate that Calabarzon poverty incidence, or the proportion of families living below the poverty threshold, slightly increased during the plan period under review. More specifically, poverty incidence THESIS PROPOSAL ON DESIGNING MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL IN GEN. TRIAS, CAVITE
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increased by 0.9 percent from 2006 to 2009, compared to the 0.2 percent increase between 2003 and 2006. Shifting to ASEAN Calendar. Philippines, being part of ASEAN, in order to meet the standards of the fast growing nation, several notions have been organized. like adopting k-12 program. According to Geronimo (2013), the country must ponder on as a member-state of ASEAN a.) Policy Framework for ASEAN b.) Expansion of ASEAN Network membership c.) Mutual Recognition of university degrees d.) Synchronization of academic calendar e.) State asean studies f.) Student faculty mobility g.) regional scholarship and lastly, h.) collaboration in research and extension. Being left behind by other ASEAN Members. Philippines school must consider ways to prepare for the possible shift. new curriculum must be fit in order for the graduates to be competitive. Hence, Cruz (2013) claims that the idea of extending the duration if basic education is not new. As far back as July 28, 1949, a UNESCO Educational Commission to the Philippines released a report that included a conclusion that 6 years of elementary school and 4 years of high school is not adequate. Uplifting The Education Thru Technology. The Philippines legs behind the rest if the world in mathematics and science expertise, as shown in by Filipino students dismal access in global test like 2004 Trends in International Math and Science study. Technology has been touted to fix education problems. Open-source codes and open universities. Powerpoint presentation and IPads in class all make the most of technology (Lee-Chua, 2013) THESIS PROPOSAL ON DESIGNING MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL IN GEN. TRIAS, CAVITE
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Technology must have great influence in proving the methods of teaching in class. Students nowadays tend to exert more attention to animated films and live graphics than the typical chalk-board talk. In the Recent years, two students from the Philippines Science High school won the top prize in the regional Ozone Quiz Competition organized by UN Environment programme (Unep) in Bangkok, Thailand. These are but most recent instances where students from the country's foremost public high school have demonstrated that they can stand up to the best of their peers in the world arena (Habito, 2007).
Fig 2: Methodological Stages source: DepEd Manual THESIS PROPOSAL ON DESIGNING MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL IN GEN. TRIAS, CAVITE
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The DepED has issued a manual of provisions in High school. It embodies necessary information, requirements, rules and regulation, standard sizes, and the like. A basic necessity for establishing a high school is understanding the methodological stages in the preparation of the detailed school map (see fig. 3). Room for teaching materials 12-15sqm, centrally positioned part of the staff area or in a multipurpose room (Neufert, n.d.)
Review of Related Projects
fig. 3: Atrium Jussieu University Atrium Jussieu University, Paris. "A vertical place" that groups all the movements of the buildings. The heaviness of this concrete space is opposed to the light weight metal of its skin (Kramer, 2010). Modular design for better flexibility. The context of the building is very sturdy. It manifest unfussiness and with maximum aesthetics considered. THESIS PROPOSAL ON DESIGNING MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL IN GEN. TRIAS, CAVITE
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Fig. 4: Danube University, Krems.
Danube University, Krems. The location of the slope between the voluminous old building and a romantic estate if villas among the vineyards presented the challenge of connecting extremely heterogeneous contexts. Transparent ensemble of coolly self- assured educational buildings (Kramer, 2010). The Minimalistic walling is best suitable for cooling ambience. It also manifest tranquility and stillness and makes the surroundings seemed quiet and peaceful. The simplistic cube promotes intact which makes the area more spacious.
fig. 5 Open-Air school Using spaces that are already in existence like rooftop or courtyard can be very functional. like what architect Jun Duiker did in Open-air School ( see fig 6). The rooftop THESIS PROPOSAL ON DESIGNING MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL IN GEN. TRIAS, CAVITE
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terrace accommodate additional class activities, overlooking the school grounds below and surrounding urban neighborhood (Hille, 2011). consider the importance of incorporating high performance features that can be used for educational purposes (National Renewable Energy Laboratory. 2006, June).
Theoretical Framework
Fig. 6. Theoretical Framework A Mathematics and Science High School that: has the planning design most suitable for the user's comfort Has facilities necessary for Mathematics and Science high school following guidelines A character that will make the School impose the spirit of learning through its architecture Has designs that reflect the character of the school
Methodological for school Planning (Educational Facilities manual) Diagnosis -Present Demands Enrollment Enrollment rate Pupil/Student flow Geographical Distribution of Demand -Existing Demands Building Equipment staff curriculum cost and financing geographical distribution of supply Projections -Future Demands Age population intake in the school system enrollment -Future Requirements premises and equipment staff requirements future curriculum cost and financing Architecture Related Perimeters Transparent ensemble of coolly self- assured educational buildings (Kramer, 2010). Room for teaching materials 12-15sqm, centrally positioned part of the staff area or in a multipurpose room (neufert,n.d.) Consider the importance of incorporating high performance features that can be used for educational purposes (National Renewable Energy Laboratory. 2006, June).
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Synthesis By creating a high-quality education and grounds, we have the opportunity to make real difference to young people, their families and communities (Smith, n.d.). In order to align the status of education here in The Philippines with the standards of education abroad, educational institutions must align the their curricula and as well as integrate necessary facilities. The planning and character of the building must bring encouragement to students and by that, must possess a calm ambience and must be far from noise in order for the students to concentrate on studying. As what National Renewable Energy Laboratory (2006) claims to consider the importance of incorporating high performance features.
Discussion of the Research Paradigm As shown in fig. , as part of the inputs, several books and manuals were considered. Basic information on the site and the demography. In the process part, Location of the site should be well analyzed so that the target beneficiaries won't have to consume much travel time and money, as well as their accessibility and security. The Planning must be well studied considering factors like vehicular, pedestrian circulations and the like. The framing of the whole school organization should be in accordance with the level of education it offers. the number of classrooms will depend on the number if students to be serves
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Research Paradigm
Fig. 7. Design Paradigm Input Process Output A. literature review on Mathematics and Science High school B. General Inputs from statistics: a. National Achievements test b. Inputs from the management of TESDA c. Cohort survival rate C. legal law/codes and standards on educational facilities: Educational facilities manual: revised edition of the 2007 handbook educational facilities - integrating risk reduction in school construction D. Guidelines for design development a. site analysis b. review of related literature and projects. Sub-process 1: Literature analysis and filtration
Sub-process 4: Weighing of desired population for high school through DepEd Guidelines
Sub-process 5: preparation of initial Architectural Drawing schemes
Sub-process 6: Presentation of drawings
Conceptual Design of a Mathematics and Science High school through:
A. Working Drawings B. Scale model THESIS PROPOSAL ON DESIGNING MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL IN GEN. TRIAS, CAVITE
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Conceptual Framework
Fig. 8. Conceptual Framework
Rising number of Students plentiful open spaces less time and distance of student's travel complete necessary facilities High Quality facilities Affordable Tuition Fee Intellectual Students and faculties Locate the site at the core of the City Provide enough Open Spaces Use proper materials and technologies Provide enough classrooms Provide Drop-off for efficient flow Manage Safety and Security Systems against appalling individual A Mathematics and Science High School
Avoid absurd concepts an provisions Consider provisions for sustainable Architecture Separate spaces according to function and context
Consider Natural Calamity
storm earthquake flood etc
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Definition of Terms ASEAN - Association of Southeast Asian Nations. is a political and economic organization of ten countries located in Southeast Asia, which was formed on 8 August 1967 by Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand. Character - refers to all those visual aspects and physical features that comprise the appearance of every historic building. Character-defining elements include the overall shape of the building, its materials, craftsmanship, decorative details, interior spaces and features, as well as the various aspects of its site and environment. Gender Parity - is a socioeconomic index usually designed to measure the relative access to education of males and females. In its simplest form, it is calculated as the quotient of the number of females by the number of males enrolled in a given stage of education (primary, secondary, etc.). Human Development Index (HDI) - A tool developed by the United Nations to measure and rank countries' levels of social and economic development based on four criteria: Life expectancy at birth, mean years of schooling, expected years of schooling and gross national income per capita. The HDI makes it possible to track changes in development levels over time and to compare development levels in different countries. Integrate - Join together THESIS PROPOSAL ON DESIGNING MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL IN GEN. TRIAS, CAVITE
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Minimalistic - is also used to describe a trend in design and architecture wherein the subject is reduced to its necessary elements. Modular Design - is an approach that subdivides a system into smaller parts (modules or skids) that can be independently created and then used in different systems to drive multiple functionalities. National Achievement Test - is an annual examination given to Grade sixth and tenth students in the Philippines. The students' knowledge and mastery over the subjects English, ,Mathematics, Science, Filipino, and Hekasi is measured using a multiple choice type test. Per Capita Income - Per capita income is often used as average income, a measure of the wealth of the population of a nation, particularly in comparison to other nations. Per capita income is often used to measure a country's standard of living. Philippine Science High School System - Offers specialized and advanced curriculum in science and mathematics on a free scholarship to prepare its graduates for careers in science and technology. Systematic Description - using a careful system or method : done according to a system.
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Research Design The purpose of this study is design the project with its utmost potential of creating and molding individual thru imposing architectural tectonics. Thus, several methods have been implemented. The main data collection techniques used in this research study were semi-structured interviews, ocular site inspection, group discussion, documentation analysis and questionnaires. Ocular site inspection and documentation to further establish the opportunities and strength of the institute's location. Interviews and consultations with knowledgeable professionals to ensure that the concepts and architecture proposed will work given the current technology alongside with documentation analysis and questionnaires with random students and faculties. Group discussion to give fellow researcher of the ideas comments and suggestions about the gathered information. Research Locale The study was conducted at Barangay Bacao, General Trias, Cavite. the site contains an area of 50,000 SqM.
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Flowchart
Fig 9.1 Flowchart
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Fig 9.2 Flowchart
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Data Gathering Procedures The initiation of the ocular inspection was personally conducted by the researchers. Permission was sought from the owner of the land who gladly accommodated the researchers. Interviews and consultations were both performed upon ocular inspection. After analyzing the site, the researchers interrogated random students and lastly, the researchers discussed all the information and data gathered. Statistical Treatment Likert Scale. Based on Rensis Likert, a scale of 1 to 5 was used todescribe the performance of teachers in teaching TLE such as: 5 Outstanding, 4 Very Satisfactory, 3 Satisfactory, 2 Fair, 1 Needs Improvement Sources of Data In preparing this project study, the researcher used descriptive type of research. This method is the instrument to make all the sources of data visible. first, the researcher seeks private firm or establishment and some municipal hall in Cavite followed by getting requirements/ documents from the municipal and DepEd. Second, the researcher had an intensive library research, using various books, journals, theses, and the like. lastly, the researchers conducted consultations and questions.
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Research Instrument The researcher's main instrument is questionnaire. Before preparing the questionnaires, the researchers gathered information from books and other sources such as published or unpublished theses in order to gain more knowledge and insights about the study. Several equipments were used while conducting the study like calculator, pen, paper, camera, and meter.