Subject Name : Engineering Materials and Metallurgy

Subject Code: ME2253

1. What is the meaning o material science!
2. "o# are materials classiied!
3. $n #hat res%ect &Conductors& dier rom 'Semiconductors(!
). *i+e the classiication o magnetic materials. E,%lain
briely the ollo#ing mechanical %ro%erties o metals
5. E,%lain Elasticity- .lasticity- /uctility- Malleability and "ardness.
0. Write a short note on &Su%erconducti+ity&
1. E,%lain briely the %rocess o crystalli2ation o %ure metal.
3. What do you mean by &/endritic solidiication(! Sho# #ith the hel% o a
diagram +arious ste% in+ol+ed in the ormation o crystal.
4. E,%lain briely the ollo#ing:
5i6 7nit cell 5ii6 S%ace lattice
5iii6 S%ace lattice grou%s.
18. What do you mean by &9llotro%y o metals& &! E,%lain.
11. State the eect o grain si2e oil %ro%erties o metals.
12. /eine the term &Solid solution&. *i+e i+e e,am%les o solid solutions.
13. /escribe briely #ith neat diagrams the ollo#ing
i6 Substitution solid solution ii6 $nterstitial solid solution
1). Write a short note on &$ntermediate %hases&.
15. /eine an &alloy&.
10. What is an

e:uilibrium diagram&! State its im%ortance and objecti+es.
11. /eine the ollo#ing terms as a%%lied to e:uilibrium diagram:
516 System 5ii6 Com%onent
5iii6 .hase 5i+6 Structural constituents.
13. State &*ibb&s %hase rule&. What is its im%ortance;utility !
14. "o# are e:uilibrium diagrams classiied !
28. E,%lain #ith neat diagrams any t#o o the e:uilibrium diagrams or
the ollo#ing cases:
5i6 <#o metals 5or com%onents6 com%letely soluble in the li:uid and
solid states.
5ii6 <#o metals 5or com%onents6 com%letely soluble
i
n the li:uid state
but com%letely insoluble in the solid
5iii6<#o metals 5or com%onents6 com%letely soluble in the li:uid state
but only %artly soluble in the solid state
5i+6 9n alloy subjected to &.eritectic transormation
21. Write a short note on &<ernary e:uilibrium diagram&
23. /eine the term =heat treatment= and state its objecti+es.
2). Enumerate the constituents o iron and steel and e,%lain any
three o them in detail. What is =austenite= and ho# is it ormed !
25. What is =martensite= and ho# is it ormed!
20. /ra# the &iron>carbon e:uilibrium diagram& and e,%lain it.
21. What is a <<< diagram !
23. Enumerate +arious heat>treatment %rocesses and e,%lain any t#o o them
briely.
24. State the objects o =annealing=.
38.E,%lain briely the ollo#ing annealing %rocesses.
5i6 ?ull annealing 5ii6 $sothermal annealing
5iii6 Sub>critical annealing.
31. What is accom%lished by normalising !
32. /escribe the =critical rate= o :uenching.
33.Name and e,%lain the +arious :uenching media used or heat treatment o
steel.
3). E,%lain briely the ollo#ing hardening methods :
5i6 Martem%ering 5ii6 9ustem%ering What is
the dierence bet#een =hardenability= and =hardening %o#er= !
35. /escribe #ith a neat s@etch Aominy hardenability test.
30.Write a
s
hort note on &Sub>2ero treatment o steel&.
31. What is the %ur%ose o tem%ering!
33. What are tem%er coloures and

ho# are they used
State the eect o tem%ering tem%erature oil the mechanical %ro%erties o
steel.
34. What do you mean by =9ge hardening=!
)8. E,%lain briely the =.ac@ hardening= %rocess o case hardening.
)1. /escribe briely the ollo#ing %rocesses o surace hardening :
ii6 Nitriding 5ii6 ?lame hardening- and
5iii6 $nduction hardening.
)2. Enumerate the deects caused due to heat treatment o steels. E,%lain
briely three o the ollo#ing
i) Bil and gas

tired urnaces 5ii6 Continuous urnace
)3.What is tem%er embrittlenient ! "o# is it a+oided !
)). E,%lain #hy :
5i6 Carburising heat treatment is generally done on lo# carbon steels
5ii6 9lloying elements in general increase hardenability o steels.
5iii6 Metals under>going cyclic loading- are case>hardened.
)5. What are the three ste%s in an age>hardening 5heat6 treatment ! /escribe
#hat ha%%ens in each ste%
)0. Write short note on
5i6 <<< cur+es 5ii6 9ge hardening heat is
5iii6 Normali2ing.
)1. Why must #ater :uenching be used to harden %lain carbon steels- #hile
some alloy steels can be harde
)3. What actors ha+e to be considered in determining the ty%e o :uenching
to be used to harden a steel
)4. Write ty%e o heat treatment re:uired or
5i6 Carge orgDings 5ii6 Carge castings
5iii6 Steels containing more than 8.5E carbon. 5F6 Steels containing
leeG
58. Why it is undesirable to case>harden scre# threads !
51. /etermine the grain>diameter o an 9S<M number !.
52. 5i6 E,%lain the +arious %ur%oses o heat treatment.
5ii6 /escribe the lame hardening %rocess and its a%%lication.
5iii6 E,%lain the %rocess o annealing.
53. /istinguish bet#een the hardness and hardenability o a steel. State the
actors #hich aect hardenabil
5). 5i6 /eine the term heat treatment. Why are the steels heat treated !
5ii6 /iscuss the major deects in steel due to aulty heat treatment.
55. /istinguish bet#een ull annealing and %rocess annealing.
50.What is the minimum carbon content %ercentage re:uired in steel so that
it may res%ond to hardening t
51.What are the objecti+es o heat treatment o metals ! What care one must
ta@e #hile high treating to ai
53.E,%lain the theory o &<em%ering&. What are the eects o tem%ering on
the mechanical %ro%erties o
54."o# does &cyaniding& dier rom &li:uid carburi2ing& !
08.*i+e the com%osition- %ro%erties and uses o any t#o o the ollo#ing.
5i6 *rey cast iron- 5ii6 Mottled Cast iron-
5iii6 Nodular cast iron 5i+6 Malleable cast iron.
01."o# is #rought iron manuactured rom %ig iron ! E,%lain the %rocess
ste%>#ise.
02.E,%lain the &9ston .rocess& or manuacturing #rought iron.
03.Enumerate +arious methods o manuacturing steel and e,%lain any one
o them in detail.
0).E,%lain any t#o o the ollo#ing methods o manuacturing steel :
i6 Cementation %rocessG 5ii6 Hessemer %rocessG
5iii6 B%en hearth %rocessG 5i+6 /u%le, %rocessG
5+6 Ialdo %rocess.
05.State ad+antages and disad+antages o &Hes
s
emer %roces
s
& o+er B%en
hearth %rocess&.
00.E,%lain the +arious ste%s in+ol+ed in C./ %rocess o manuacturing steel.
01.State com%osition- %ro%erties and uses o carbon steels.
03.State the com%arison o cast iron- #rought iron- mild steel and hard steel.
18.What do you accom%lish by adding alloying elements to steel !
11.State the eects o adding ollo#ing alloying elements to steel: Nic@el-
Chromium- Manganese- Fanadium- <ungsten- Silicon and Co%%er.
12.*i+e the com%osition- %ro%erties and uses o the ollo#ing alloy steels :
"igh s%eed steel- Silicon steel- Stainless steel.
Fanadium steel and <ungsten steel.
73.Enumerate the %hysical and mechanical %ro%erties o aluminium.
1).State the im%ortance o commercially %ure aluminium as a general
engineering material.
15."o# is co%%er manuactured &!
10.What are the commercial alloys o aluminium! Hriely describe their
com%osition and

uses.
11.What are the ty%ical alloys o co%%er used in engineering&! /escribe
briely their com%osition and uses.
13.What are the %ronounced eects o beryllium on the %hysical %ro%erties
o co%%er&!
14.What are the com%ositions- structure
and
characteristics o co%%er tin
bron2es ! Why are these alloys used or s%rings !
38.What are the re:uirements o an alloy to be used as a bearing metal &!
31.What is babbit !
32./iscuss the eect on corrosion resistance o co%%er by increasing
additions o :
5i6 2inc 5ii6 tin
5iii6 nic@el.
33."o# are %ro%erties o aluminium aected by the inclusion o
5i6 co%%er- and 5ii6 silicon as alloying elements !
3).Enumerate the tests you #ill carry out or identiication o metals and
alloys.
35.E,%lain the %rocedure or %re%aring the s%ecimen or micro>e,amination.
30./escribe #ith a neat diagram the construction and #or@ing o a
metallurgical microsco%e. State its limitations also.
31.E,%lain an &Electron microsco%e& in res%ect o the ollo#ing
.rinci%le o o%eration- %re%aration o s%ecimen- construction
and o%eration- im%ortant ant eatures and limitations.
33.Cist the %ur%oses or #hich materials are tested.
34."o# do you classiy tests on materials !
48.Enumerate +arious methods used or non>destructi+e testings and e,%lain
in detail any t#o o them.
41./escribe briely any t#o o the ollo#ing non>destructi+e tests
42.Name the important mechanical test #hich gi+e +aluable inormation
about metals and alloys.
93.What does im%act test signiy ! E,%lain #ith necessary ormulations-
the %rocedures to be ado%ted in the im%act test. conducted on a %endulum
ty%e im%act testing machine.
94.What are dierent hardness tests o interest to the testing engineer under
+arious situations !
95.Explain the Hrinell hardness testing o mild steel s%ecimen.
40.What is a &rebound test& ? "o# is it carried out !
41.What is a atigue ailure ! "o# is a atigue test carried out!
43.E,%lain briely the %rocedure o conducting a torsion test.
44.What is cree% !
188. /ra# a ty%ical cree% cur+e and e,%lain the dierent stages o cree%.