Len Jamandores & Mickey Eva

Plan 289 SURP | University of the Philippines

environmental impact assessment
singapore
environmental
policies
eia process
case study
comparison
discussion
and conlusion
Ministry of the Environment and Water
Resources (MEWR) is the governing agency
(formerly ENV)
There are no existing laws that provide for
EIA to be mandatory or set standards and
frameworks for EIA
EIA is an ad hoc process of the MEWR
EIA is embodied in urban planning and
pollution control legislation which is
implemented by MEWR and other agencies
Environmental Policy
EIAs are only done for projects of concern
EIA is imbedded in policies which gives the
MOEWR power to impose EIA on a project
Clean Air Act of 1971
Water Pollution Control and Drainage Act of 1975
Environmental Pollution Control Act (EPCA) of 1999
(revised in 2000)
EIA is also under the Land Planning Process,
controlled by the Master Plan Committee
Implementation of EIA
Implementation of EIA (MOEWR)
Pollution Control Department
INITIAL ASSESSMENT
Govt agency, affiliate or private developer
PROJECT PROPOSAL
Decision: Necessary Action
No EIA
needed
EIA to be
conducted by the
Department
EIA to be
conducted by a
private consulting
firm
Implementation of EIA (Master Plan Committee)
50+ local areas
DEVELOPMENT GUIDE PLANS (DGPs)
Whole of Singapore
CONCEPT PLAN
Basic environmental concerns
Identify devt
constraints
and major
land uses
i.e. airport,
hazardous industries
Project land
needs
i.e. refuse
facilities
Identify areas
for major
utility
installations
& infra needs
i.e. gasworks,
explosive storage
Identify possible
areas for nature
conservation
Continued
protection of
water catchment
areas
items related to hazardous waste (Part VII
Hazardous Substances Control)
establishing of industrial plants (Part IX Licenses
and Industrial Plant Works)
e.g. plants for petrochemical works, gasworks,
refuse-incineration plants, chemicals storage
These projects follow the general format for EIAs.
implementation of EIA (Master Plan Committee)
Activity: Reclamation near Northern Islands
The EIA report was not a public document and
acquiring copies of the report is not permitted
according to Wildshores of Singapore (an NGO).
The project has initially been criticized in 2007
for lack of public consultation.
Some 200 corals were relocated as a result of
the project.
Case Study 1: Environmental Impact Assessment of
the Sentosa Island Integrated Resort Development 2007
Activity: Construction and operation of
Resorts World Sentosa
A 49ha. complex of the worlds largest Oceanarium,
Asias largest theme park, 6 world class 5-star
hotels & other entertainment facilities
Project operation starts in 2010
EIA also covers various aspects, but no
standard framework is followed
Case Study 2: Environmental Impact Assessment of
Integrated Resort in Sentosa Island
Coverage of scoping:
Physical (climate, soil, geology, topography)
Ecological (marine, terrestrial, flora & fauna / rare
or endangered species, protected areas)
Economic (industries, tourism, infrastructure,
utilities)
Socio-cultural
Antici
Case Study 2: Environmental Impact Assessment of
Integrated Resort in Sentosa Island
Coverage of impact analysis:
Vegetation and terrestrial habitat (construction &
operation) including special species, habit
destruction and removal of air-shed
Marine water quality, reefs and coastal process
(soil erosion & sedimentation, dredging, toxic
substances, habitat of corals, sea grasses & other
species, habitat destruction, rare & endangered
species, and improper waste disposal
Case Study 2: Environmental Impact Assessment of
Integrated Resort in Sentosa Island
Coverage of impact analysis:
Air Quality (traffic of vehicles, piling of excavated
soil, loosen soil due to deforestation)
Noise (traffic of vehicles, heavy equipment
operations esp. dredging & piling)
Hazard Vulnerability (accidents in transport of
materials, fire, etc.)
Waste Generation (solid waste from construction
and residences; littering; water pollution)
Energy & Water Consumption
Case Study 2: Environmental Impact Assessment of
Integrated Resort in Sentosa Island
Coverage of impact analysis:
Socio-economic (positive and negative: business,
labor, supplies, increase in gambling and other
undesirable activities crime, loans & money
laundering)
Biodiversity (deforestation, flora & fauna)
Soil erosion
Water Pollution
Case Study 2: Environmental Impact Assessment of
Integrated Resort in Sentosa Island
Reporting, Review, Decision-making, and
Follow-up
Case Study 2: Environmental Impact Assessment of
Integrated Resort in Sentosa Island
Basic Stage
in EIA
Singapore EIA Specifications
Screening
All projects are screened but EIA requirement is subject
to the discretion of the MOEWR or the MCP.
Scoping
Impact Analysis Impact is also assessed based on the stress it poses to
land availability, utilities and waste generation. It does
cover various aspects, including means of mitigation and
seeking of alternatives
Mitigation
Reporting
The report is submitted to either the MOEWR or MCP
who has the authority to approve or reject the project.
Based on the DGP and CP of the area, these projects are
implemented.
Review
Decision
Making
Follow-up
In place. (Stringent control measures are observed.)
Comparison: EIA Process Stages
Comparison & Discussion
Comparison & Discussion
No clear policy set on the conduct of EIA in
Singapore
Although in practice, once an EIA is
conducted, it follows international standards
The EIA is comprehensive, it presents
alternatives and mitigation measures
The strength of EIA in Singapore is the
monitoring and evaluation
Recommendation: sustain the good
performance of EIAs but institutionalize EIA
framework and standards through legislation
to ensure checks & balances, and participatory
& transparent processes
Summary & Conclusion
http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTEAPREGTOPENVIRONMENT/Resources/EIA&SEA-
regional-review.pdf
http://www.aecen.org/sites/default/files/singapore_eia_casestudy_prelimassessmentenvil
awinsg_1997.pdf
http://www.slideshare.net/micamonkey/environmental-impact-assessment-of-sentosa-
integrated-resort
http://www.aecen.org/sites/default/files/singapore_eia_casestudy_coastalandngorole.pdf
http://www.wildsingapore.com/news/20070708/070815-0.htm
http://www.wildsingapore.com/news/20070708/070707-2.htm
fin.
Thank you.
-Len Jamadrones
-Mickey Eva
References