I, (Name), declare that I have neither received nor given help on this exam. The exam contains 38 multiple choice questions covering various topics in biochemistry. Full credit will be given for 36 correct answers.
I, (Name), declare that I have neither received nor given help on this exam. The exam contains 38 multiple choice questions covering various topics in biochemistry. Full credit will be given for 36 correct answers.
I, (Name), declare that I have neither received nor given help on this exam. The exam contains 38 multiple choice questions covering various topics in biochemistry. Full credit will be given for 36 correct answers.
I, (Name) _________________________________________ have neither received nor given help
BMB 401/506-Fall 2008
Exam 3 Form 2 Thursday November 6 2008 !ur"#$ %h"s exam you should #o% be "# &ossess"o# o' a#y ele(%ro#"( e)u"&me#% *bee&er (ellular &ho#e ear&ho#e "+ods (al(ula%ors e%(,- boo.s a#d &a&ers o%her %ha# %he %es%, +lease &la(e all %hese ma%er"als "# your boo. ba$ *a'%er you %ur# %hem o''//- a#d &la(e %he ba$ a$a"#s% %he 0all o' %he room, T1E2E 34E 2T3N!34! 3N25E4 M67T8+7E 91:89E ;6E2T8:N2, T1E +:228B7E 3N25E42 34E 73BE7E! 3 B 9 ! 3N! E, 2E7E9T T1E 28N<7E BE2T 3N25E4 3N! M34= T1E 3++4:+483TE 98497E :N T1E 293NT4:N 3N25E4 21EET, Bubble "# your #ame 'orm> a#d 8!> *9> &lease- a#d 0r"%e your sea% #umber, There are 38 )ues%"o#s, ?ou 0"ll re(e"ve 'ull (red"% 'or 36 (orre(% a#s0ers, 1. The conversion of L-3-hydroyacyl !o" to 3-#etoacyl !o" (a$ove fig%re) is an eample of &hat type of chemical reaction' ". (ehydration ). Isomeri*ation !. +idation (. ,ed%ction -. Thiolysis .. (%ring fatty acid synthesis, fatty acyl chains are lin#ed to acyl carrier protein via/ ". "s ester lin#age ). "n amide lin#age !. " thioester lin#age (. -lectrostatic interactions -. 0ydrogen $onding 3. There are t&o nitrogen atoms eliminated from the h%man $ody in the %rea molec%le. +ne of these comes from ammoni%m ion thro%gh car$amoylphosphate. 1hat compo%nd $rings the other nitrogen directly to the %rea cycle' ". "spartate ). "sparagine !. 2l%tamate (. 3ethionine -. "lanine 4. 1hich +N- of the follo&ing statements a$o%t the synthesis of car$amoylphosphate $y car$amoylphosphate synthetase is IN!+,,-!T' ". The en*yme cataly*es the rate-limiting reaction in the %rea synthesis ). The reaction is allosterically activated $y N-acetyl gl%tamate !. The reaction is reversi$le (. The reaction incorporates !+. into car$amoylphosphate -. The reaction re5%ires t&o high energy phosphates for each car$amoylphosphate synthesi*ed 6. 1hich statement $est descri$es the fate of propionyl !o" in mammalian tiss%es' ". It is converted to acetyl !o" ). It condenses &ith acetyl !o" to form a five car$on prec%rsor of a T!" cycle intermediate !. It is meta$oli*ed $y a reaction se5%ence involving the participation of vitamin )1. and a $iotin-containing en*yme (. It is oidi*ed to malonate 7 !o" -. Its methyl gro%p is transferred to 8-adenosyl- homocysteine to form 8-adenosylmethionine 9. 1hich one of the follo&ing phrases IN!+,,-!TL: descri$es ins%lin' ". It is synthesi*ed as a preprohormone ). Its receptor possesses its o&n #inase activity !. It inhi$its glycogen synthesis (. It is classified as a polypeptide-type hormone -. It is secreted $y the pancreas ;. 1hat is the difference $et&een pepsin and pepsinogen' ". +ne contains a cofactor re5%ired for catalysis, &hile the other does not ). +ne contains an additional N-terminal segment (pro- domain), &hile the other does not !. +ne initiates the digestion of triacylglycerols, &hile the other does not (. There is no difference< these are t&o different names for an other&ise identical en*yme =. 1hich of the follo&ing compo%nd(s) is>are N+T essential &ith respect to the diet' ". !holesterol ). Linoleic acid !. Linolenic acid (. ?itamin - -. "ll of the a$ove are essential )3) 4@1 A.@@= (epartment of )iochemistry B 3olec%lar )iology, Cniversity of 3iami, reprod%ction prohi$ited. Dage 1 of 4 I, (Name) _________________________________________ have neither received nor given help E. Cncontrolled dia$etes mellit%s can res%lt in the formation of ecess #etone $odies $eca%se +N- of the compo%nds sho&n $elo& is N+T present to r%n the citric acid cycle. ". +aloacetate ). "cetyl !o" !. "cetoacetyl !o" (. 3-hydroy-3-methyl-gl%taryl !o" (032-!o") -. Dropionyl !o" 1@. 1hich +N- of the follo&ing compo%nds is an intermediate in the synthesis of $oth #etone $odies and cholesterol' ". "cetoacetyl-!o" ). Farnesyl pyrophosphate !. 3alonyl !o" (. 3evalonic acid -. G-0ydroy$%tyrate 11. The a$sence of &hich +N- of the follo&ing en*ymes acco%nts for the ina$ility of glycogen in s#eletal m%scle to serve as a direct so%rce of $lood gl%cose. ". 2lycogen phosphorylase ). 2l%cose-9-phosphate dehydrogenase !. 0eo#inase (. 2l%cose-9-phosphatase -. 2lycogen synthase 1.. +ne of the follo&ing is al&ays re5%ired $y the central nervo%s system, $%t is N+T essential in the diet. 1hich one' ". 2l%cose ). Tyrosine !. "cetoacetate (. "rachidonic acid -. Triacylglycerol 13. !holesterol and cholesterol esters are transported from peripheral tiss%es to the liver $y &hich one of the follo&ing lipoprotein particles' ". !hylomicrons ). 8er%m al$%min !. 0igh density lipoproteins (. Lo& density lipoproteins -. ?ery lo& density lipoproteins 14. 1hich of the follo&ing is N+T an eample of reversi$le reg%lation of en*ymatic activity' ". !onversion of pro-elastase to elastase ). Inhi$ition $y an %ncompetitive en*yme inhi$itor !. (ephosphorylation of glycogen phosphorylase (. "llosteric reg%lation of pyr%vate #inase $y fr%ctose 1,9-$isphosphate -. !ompetitive $inding of a s%$strate analog inhi$itory dr%g 16. 1hat #ind of inhi$itor is aspirin' ". !ompetitive ). Noncompetitive !. Cncompetitive (. 3ied -. Irreversi$le 19. )inding of ins%lin to its receptor res%lts in/ ". "ctivation of protein #inase " ). Inhi$ition of protein #inase " !. 8tim%lation of tyrosine #inase on its receptor and of phosphoprotein phosphatase that can a$stract phosphate from inactive glycogen synthase (. 8tim%lation of protein #inase ! -. Inhi$ition of protein #inase 2 1;. 1hich +N- of the follo&ing statements a$o%t prostaglandins is F"L8-' ". They generally affect cells near the cells that release them. ). They are not transported to their target cells via the circ%latory system. !. They are !.@ poly%nsat%rated fatty acid compo%nds derived from arachidonic acid and contain a five- car$on ring. (. "re present in high concentrations, 1@ -3 to 1@ -1 3, in tiss%es. -. They affect several physiological systems incl%ding the cardiovasc%lar, renal, nervo%s, and reprod%ctive systems. 1=. ?erte$rate acetyl !o" car$oylase/ ". !ataly*es the committed reaction in the synthesis of sat%rated fatty acids ). Is stim%lated $y citrate !. "ctivity is inhi$ited $y phosphorylation of the en*yme (. Is an eample of an allosteric en*yme -. "ll of the a$ove 1E. 0o& many moles of "TD are re5%ired to synthesi*e 1 mole of palmitic acid from = moles of acetyl !o"' ". . ). 4 !. 9 (. ; -. = .@. 1hich +N- of the follo&ing lipoproteins f%nctions to transport triglycerides from the liver to peripheral tiss%es' ". "l$%min ). ?L(L !. L(L (. 0(L -. !hylomicron )3) 4@1 A.@@= (epartment of )iochemistry B 3olec%lar )iology, Cniversity of 3iami, reprod%ction prohi$ited. Dage . of 4 I, (Name) _________________________________________ have neither received nor given help .1. 1hich +N- of the follo&ing statements a$o%t reactions cataly*ed $y transaminases (aminotransferases) is F"L8-' ". The reactions are generally reversi$le ). They involve the cons%mption or prod%ction of N"(0 depending on &hether they proceed in the for&ard or reverse direction !. They involve the transfer of an amino gro%p from an amino acid donor to a #eto acid acceptor (. They play an important role in the alanine-gl%cose cycle -. They employ pyridoal phosphate (DLD) as a catalytic cofactor ... In a la$oratory eperiment, acetyl-!o" la$eled &ith 14 ! (a radioactive isotope of car$on) at the methyl position and %nla$eled ecess malonyl !o" &ere mied in a test t%$e &ith the fatty acid synthase comple. 1hat car$ons of the final prod%ct, palmitate, &ill $e la$eled &ith 14 !' ". "ll 19 car$ons &ill $e 14 ! la$eled ). "ll the even n%m$ered car$ons, ecept for car$on H19 &ill $e 14 ! la$eled !. !ar$ons H16 and H19 &ill $e 14 ! la$eled (. !ar$on H19 &ill $e 14 ! la$eled -. None of the car$ons &ill $e 14 ! la$eled .3. 1hich of the follo&ing conditions &o%ld most li#ely res%lt in the prod%ction of #etone $odies' ". " high car$ohydrate diet ). 0igh levels of oaloacetate !. "ctivation of the pyr%vate dehydrogenase comple in the liver (. 0igh concentrations of malonyl !o" -. 0igh levels of gl%cagon .4. 1hich +N- of the follo&ing statements is correct' ". !TD is %sed to activate phosphatidate in phospholipid synthesis ). "ll of the car$ons in cholesterol synthesis come from malonyl !o" !. Dhospholipases are %sed in the synthesis of phospholipids (. 032-!o" synthase cataly*es the committed step of cholesterol synthesis .6. The release of free fatty acids from triacylglycerols (T"2) transported in chylomicrons re5%ires apo-!-II to activate &hich of the follo&ing en*ymes' ". 0ormone-sensitive lipase ). Dancreatic lipase !. Dhospholipase ". (. Lipoprotein lipase -. 2lycosidase .9. 1hich of the follo&ing en*ymes is the common activator of the pancreatic *ymogens involved in polypeptide $rea#do&n in the small intestine' ". Depsin ). !ar$oypeptidase " !. -lastase (. "minopeptidase -. Trypsin .;. Fatty acid oidation (-oidation) can, %nder certain conditions, lead to the formation of #etone $odies. 1hen and &here &o%ld that occ%r' ". In muscle during strenuous exercise ). In the heart, during a heart attack !. In adipose tissues when stimulated by high insulin (. In the liver when it is also carrying out gluconeogenesis -. In the red blood cell under oxidative stress .=. 1hich of the follo&ing circ%lating f%els &o%ld $e prod%ced $y adipose tiss%e &hen ins%lin is lo&' ". Lactate ). Glucose !. Amino acids (. Glycerol -. Ketone bodies .E. If the p0 of the stomach &ere to $e #ept high, &hich of the follo&ing protease *ymogens &o%ld not $e activated' ". !hymotrypsinogen ). Droelastase !. Depsinogen (. Trypsinogen -. -nteropeptidase 3@. "po-protein )4= has all of the follo&ing properties -I!-DT/ ". It forms an amphipathic shell aro%nd the lipoprotein particle, chylomicron ). It is a tr%ncated form of apo-protein )1@@ !. It is made $y intestinal cells (. It is made $y liver cells -. )oth apo-proteins )4= and )1@@ are encoded by the same gene 31. )efore their transport into the mitochondrial matri, long- chain free fatty acids are initially activated prior to the synthesis of their !o" conJ%gate $y forming +N- of the follo&ing add%cts. 1hich +N-' ". Thymidylate add%ct ). !ytidylate add%ct !. Cridylate add%ct (. "denylate add%ct -. 2%anylate add%ct )3) 4@1 A.@@= (epartment of )iochemistry B 3olec%lar )iology, Cniversity of 3iami, reprod%ction prohi$ited. Dage 3 of 4 I, (Name) _________________________________________ have neither received nor given help 3.. 1hich $est descri$es the order of chemical reactions involved in the synthesis of sat%rated fatty acids as cataly*ed $y the mammalian m%ltif%nctional fatty acid synthase comple' ". ,ed%ction, condensation, red%ction, dehydration ). (ehydration, red%ction, condensation, red%ction !. !ondensation, red%ction, dehydration, red%ction (. !ondensation, dehydration, red%ction, red%ction 33. (%ring K-oidation of fatty acids, the aliphatic acyl car$on chain is cleaved into &hich +N- of the follo&ing gro%ps &hile co-valently $onded to coen*yme "' ". "cetyl ). 3alonyl !. Dropionyl (. 8%ccinyl -. None of the a$ove 34. 1hich $est descri$es the order of chemical reactions that encompass the K-oidation of sat%rated acyl-!o" derivatives in the mitochondrial matri' ". 0ydration, red%ction, thiolysis, oidation ). ,ed%ction, hydration, oidation, thiolysis !. ,ed%ction, oidation, isomeri*ation, thiolysis (. +idation, hydration, oidation, thiolysis -. +idation, isomeri*ation, red%ction, thiolysis 36. 1hat type of food sho%ld one avoid eating in the a$sence of gall $ladder' ". !omple car$ohydrates, s%ch as starches ). (isaccharides, s%ch as s%crose !. 3eats that is lo& in fat, s%ch as grilled fish or chic#en (. 0igh fat food -. None, since the gall $ladder does not play a maJor role in either digestion or a$sorption of ingested food 39. 2l%cagon/ ". Leads to the activation of glycogen phosphorylase ). Leads to the inactivation of glycogen synthase !. )inds to a cell s%rface receptor and ind%ces the synthesis of the intracell%lar second messenger, c"3D (. (oes all of the a$ove -. (oes none of the a$ove 3;. 1hat are the prod%cts of the follo&ing transamination reaction' "lanine 7 oaloacetate L ----------- 7 ----------------- ". Dhosphoenolpyr%vate 7 gl%tamate ). Dhosphoenolpyr%vate 7 aspartate !. Dyr%vate 7 gl%tamate (. Dyr%vate 7 aspartate -. Dyr%vate 7 M-#etogl%tarate 3=. !holesterol is N+T the prec%rsor for &hich +N- of the follo&ing class of compo%nds given $elo&' ". ?itamin ( ). Drostaglandins !. 8e hormones (. )ile acids -. )ile salts 9he(. here %o (o#'"rm %ha% you bubbled "# your #ame 9-#umber 2ea% #umber (orre(%ly N N N &rite only one point may $e ded%cted for each error. 9he(. here %o (o#'"rm %ha% you bubbled "# %he (orre(% 'orm #umber o' %h"s %es% N The eam &ill $e graded &ith the &rong #ey if the form n%m$er is not correctly $%$$led in. The form n%m$er of this test is . There 0"ll be a %hree-&o"#% &e#al%y "' %he %es% #eeds %o be re-$raded be(ause o' a# error "# %he 'orm #umber. )3) 4@1 A.@@= (epartment of )iochemistry B 3olec%lar )iology, Cniversity of 3iami, reprod%ction prohi$ited. Dage 4 of 4