CPR consist of 4 main parts which are:

Airway, Breathing, Circulation, and

Defibrillation

When giving CPR to an adult, how far should
you press down with each compression?
1 1/2 to 2 inches pressing straight down to the
breastbone.

In an adult how many compressions should you
deliver in 1 minute?
100

Why is recoil important during compressions?
It allows complete refilling of the heart.
Incomplete recoil will reduce the blood flow
created by the chest compressions.

How long should take to deliver a regular
breath?
1 second to deliver each breath. You must
deliver enough air to make the victims chest
rise.

What is the compression-ventilation ratio for a
one man and two man adult CPR?
30:2

What is the compression-ventilation ratio for a
one man CPR on a child or infant?
30:2

What is the compression-ventilation ratio for a
two man rescuer infant or child CPR?
15:2

When performing one man Adult CPR, how long
should you check to the breathing of the patient
At least 5 seconds, no longer than 10 seconds.

Rescuers should try to minimize interruptions to
less than ______ seconds.
10 seconds

How far should you press down on a CHILD
AGE 1 TO PUBERTY?
1/3 to 1/2 the depth of the chest with each
compression

Why must you avoid over-inflation during
rescue breathing?
May cause air gastric distention.

In adult CPR, should you leave the scene to call
911 before you initiate CPR?
Yes. If someone is near send them to call 911. If
no one is near, leave the patient to dial 911.

When should you administer rescue breaths to
victims? (2)
1- No breathing, but with a pulse
2- Those that are "gasping" inadequate
breathing

Why is a modified lateral position (recovery
position) used?
To prevent the airway from being obstructed by
the tongue, mucus, or vomitus.

What type of clamp should you use on the 1
rescuer bag-valve-mask?
E-C clamp technique

How do you perform a E-C clamp technique one
man? (3)
1- perform head tilt chin lift
2- Use the thumb and index fingers of one hand
to make a "C" pressing on the edges of the mask
3- Use the remaining fingers to lift the angles of
the jaw (3 fingers form an E)

How does an E-C clamp technique differ with 1
man and 2 man CPR?
Two rescuer CPR can use both hands to form the
"E-C" technique.

When should you activate 911 for an adult?
Immediately

When should you activate 911 for an child or
infant?
After 5 cycles or 2 minutes of CPR

Where should you check the pulse on a child or
an adult?
Carotid

Where should you check the pulse on a infant?
Brachial

When should you start CPR on a INFANT OR
CHILD?
1- If no pulse
2- or if pulse is <60

What compression method should you use for
an adult?
Heel of one hand, other hand on top. OR 1 hand
for small victims

What compression method should you use for a
child?
2 fingers or 2 thumbs encircling

When dealing with a conscious chocking patient
what treatment/ action should you take?
Abdominal thrusts

How long should you continue abdominal
thrusts on a choking patient?
Repeat until the object is expelled or victim
becomes unresponsive

In a conscious choking infant what action
should you take?
5 chest thrusts and 5 back slaps.
Continue until object is expelled or victim
becomes unresponsive

When should perform a finger sweep during
choking management in a unconscious patient?
Every time the rescuer opens the airway to
deliver rescue breaths, the rescuer should look
into the mouth and remove the object if seen.

What are the rescue breathing rates for an adult
10-12 times/min (1 breath every 5-6 seconds)

What are the rescue breathing rates for an child
or infant?
12-20 times a minute (1 breath every 3-5
seconds)

How do you perform a back slap on an infant?
1- Hold the infant in one arm, head angled down
2- 5 slaps with the heel of the hand

Should you ever perform a blind finger sweep?
No, No, No! Never perform a blind finger sweep.
Only perform a finger sweep if you can see the
object!

On a choking pregnant or obese patient, should
you use a chest thrust or an abdominal thrust?
Chest thrust

In 2 rescuer adult CPR, when should they
rescuers switch positions?
Rescuer 1 and 2 should change positions every 5
cycles (about 2 minutes)
This will minimize fatigue and chest
compressions will be more effective

Definition of a child
1 year old to the onset of puberty (12-14 years
old)

Definition of an infant
under one year old

What is the most common cause of cardiac
arrest in an infant/child?
Respiratory Arrest

Why is the 15:2 compression ratio used in a 2
man CPR to infants and children?
To provide more ventilation to the child/infant.
Most common cause of cardiac arrest is due to a
breathing problem

How do you perform a chest thrust on an obese
or pregnant patient?
1- Wrap arms to the front of the patients chest
2- make a fist with one hand and place it over
the sternum
3- Grab fist with other hand and give thrust

What is the most common cause of cardiac
arrest?
Respiratory Arrest

What are the four components of the Chain of
Survival?
1. Early Access
2. Early CPR
3. Early Defibrillation
4. Early Advanced Care

When is CPR most effective?
When started immediately after collapse

Name the two indications for CPR?
Cardiac Arrest and Respiratory Arrest

What are the 3 exceptions of not administering
CPR?
1. Death
2. DNR
3. Advanced Healthcare Directives

Define Respiratory Arrest.
No breathing, but has a pulse

Define Cardiac Arrest.
No breathing and no pulse

How many seconds should it take for one cycle
of CPR?
22 seconds