Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
ATOMIC MODEL
DALTON
Atom is small, indivisible.
Atom cannot be created,
destroyed or divided.
JJ THOMSON
Sphere of positive charge
which contains a negatively
charge particles (electron)
RUTHERFORD
Discovered nucleus as centre
HISTORICAL of atom and positively charge
DEVELOPMENT OF (proton)
ATOMIC MODELS
Nucleus contains proton
Electron
http://chemclass4spm.blogspot.com©
Electron in shell
NEILS BOHR
Discovered electron shells.
Electron move in shells
around the nucleus.
http://chemclass4spm.blogspot.com © 5
Created by Naguib Zakaria
THE STRUCTURE OF ATOMS CHEMISTRY FORM 4
SUBATOMIC PARTICLES
Proton
Symbol : p
Relative charge : +1
Relative mass : 1
Position : in the nucleus
NUCLEUS
Neutron
Symbol : n
Relative charge : 0
Relative mass : 1
Position : in the nucleus
Electron
Symbol : e
Relative charge : -1
Relative mass : 1/1840
Position : in the shells
SYMBOL OF ELEMENTS
Nucleon Number
http://chemclass4spm.blogspot.com©
A
X
and neutrons in atom.
Z
Proton Number
Proton Number is a
number of protons in
atom of an element.
http://chemclass4spm.blogspot.com © 6
Created by Naguib Zakaria
THE STRUCTURE OF ATOMS CHEMISTRY FORM 4
ISOTOPES
Atoms of the SAME element with SAME NUMBER of PROTON but DIFFERENT NUMBER OF NEUTRONS.
1 2
1𝐻 1𝐻
Hydrogen -1 Hydrogen -2
Hydrogen – 1 Hydrogen – 2
Proton Number 1 1
Neutron Number 0 1
Nucleon Number 1 2
USES OF ISOTOPES
COBALT - 60
To destroy bacterian in food without
changing the quality of food.
http://chemclass4spm.blogspot.com©
SODIUM-24
Used to detect leakage in pipes
carrying gas.
COBALT - 60
USES OF ISOTOPES Radiotheraphy for cancer treatment
CARBON - 14
To estimate the age of fossils and
artefacts
PHOSPHORUS - 32
To study the metabolism of
phosphorus in plant
http://chemclass4spm.blogspot.com © 7
Created by Naguib Zakaria
THE STRUCTURE OF ATOMS CHEMISTRY FORM 4
Sodium Atom
Symbol of element 23
11 𝑁𝑎
Proton Number = 11
Na Nucleon Number = 23
http://chemclass4spm.blogspot.com©
Neutron Number = 12
Electron Number = 11
Electron Arrangement : 2.8.1
Argon Atom
Symbol of element 40
18 𝐴𝑟
Proton Number = 18
Ar Nucleon Number = 40
Neutron Number = 22
Electron Number = 18
Electron Arrangement : 2.8.8
http://chemclass4spm.blogspot.com © 8
Created by Naguib Zakaria