RC Designer Manual

Design Capacity of Beams

Beams along the bearing capacity of beams through a long span of each cross section, beam cross
section of the design include a component of the capacity of checking and regulating the provision of
construction or other design requirements such as thickness reinforcement, reinforcement ratio, bar
diameter.
General Provisions
1. Flexural capacity is calculated according to the following fundamental assumptions:
a. section to maintain plane strain;
b. does not take into account the tensile strength of concrete;
2. Compressive stress-strain relationship of concrete in accordance with the provisions of Article
7.1.2-3 standard values.
1. Ultimate compressive strain of concrete is in accordance with section following formula:
cu = 0.0033-(f cu, k -50) 10 -5 (7.1.2-5)
Where:
cu - cross section of the concrete ultimate compressive strain, while in the
non-uniform compression, press formula (7.1.2-5) calculations, such as the
calculation of cu is greater than 0.0033, is taken as 0.0033; when in axial
When pressure is taken as 0;
fcu, k - concrete cube compressive strength of standard value;
1 - coefficient, when the concrete strength when no more than C50, 1
taken as 0.8, when the concrete strength grade of C80 time, 1 taken as
0.74, during determined by linear interpolation.
1 - rectangular stress diagram of the stress is taken as design value of
concrete compressive strength fc multiplied by the coefficient 1. When the
concrete strength when no more than C50, 1 taken as 1.0, when the
concrete strength grade of C80 time, 1 taken as 0.94, during determined
by linear interpolation.
3. Longitudinal tension and compression zone of reinforced concrete damage yield simultaneously,
the relative height of compression zone limits By the following formula:
(7.1.4-1)
Net Concrete Cover Thickness
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Input by the user of longitudinal force ordinary reinforced and prestressed steel, the concrete cover
thickness (reinforced concrete surface to the outer edge of the distance) should not be less than the
nominal diameter of steel, and shall comply with Table 9.2.1 of GB50010-2002 requirements.
2.2 General Provisions on Seismic Design
Seismic fortification intensity level and
Provide beam seismic rating, fortification intensity, structure type and component type of input.
Program based on user input seismic fortification intensity levels and components of the beam design
and construction inspection.
Seismic bearing capacity adjustment factor
Consider the combination of earthquake concrete structure, its cross-section bearing capacity of the
internal forces generated by seismic load bearing capacity divided by the seismic design value
adjustment factor
RE
, Seismic bearing capacity adjustment factor
RE
11.1.6 in accordance with
GB50010-2002 form used. For the beam component,
RE
value is 0.75.
Calculation of Concrete Beams
Bearing Capacity
1. Rectangular Bending Capacity: rectangular cross section or flange in the tension side of the
inverted T-shaped cross-section flexural members, the flexural capacity should meet the
following requirements:
M
1
f
c
bx(h
0
-x/2)+f'
y
A'
s
(h
0
-'
s
)(7.2.1-1)
Concrete Compression Zone according to the following formula:

1
f
c
bx=f
y
A
s
-f'
y
A'
s
+f
py
A
p
(7.2.1-2)
Concrete Compression Zone still should meet the following conditions:
x
b
h
0
(7.2.1-3)
x2' (7.2.1-4)
2. When included in the calculation of longitudinal compression reinforcement general, should
meet the GB50010-2002 formula (7.2.1-4) conditions; if not satisfied this condition, the flexural
capacity should meet the following requirements:
Mf
py
A
p
(h-a
p
-a'
s
)+f
y
A
s
(h-a
s
-a'
s
)+('
p0
-f'
py
)A'
p
(a'
p
-a'
s
)(7.2.5)
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3. Bending Flexural bearing capacity calculations, as required by the structure or by checking Limit
State requirements configured sectional area of longitudinal tensile steel bending capacity
requirements greater than the area of reinforcement, the calculation of concrete compression
Height x, only the conditions included in the required bending capacity vertical cross-section
area of tensile steel.
4. T-Section Bending Capacity: flange in the compression zone of the T shape, I shaped cross-
section flexural members (Figure 7.2.2), its flexural capacity should meet the following
requirements:
a. When the following conditions are met
f
y
A
s
+f
py
A
p

1
f
c
b'
f
h'
f
+f'
y
A'
s
-('
p0
-f'
py
)A'
p
(7.2.2-1)
Should be a width b 'f rectangular cross section;
b. When satisfied equation (7.2.2-1) the conditions
M
1
f
c
bx(h
0
-x/2)+
1
f
c
(b'
f
-b)h'
f
(h
0
-hf/2)+f'
y
A'
s
(h
0
-'
s
)
-('
p0
-f'
py
)A'
p
(h
0
-'
P
)
(7.2.2-2)
Concrete Compression Zone according to the following formula:

1
f
c
[bx+(b'
f
-b)h'
f
]=f
y
A
s
-f'
y
A'
s
+f
py
A
p
+('
p0
-f'
py
)A'
p
(7.2.2-3)
Concrete compression zone height limit of seismic
For the seismic component: in the calculation, included in the longitudinal compression reinforcement
in concrete compression zone of beam end shall meet the following requirements:
A seismic level
b 0.25 (11.3.1-1)
Second, three seismic rating
b 0.35 (11.3.1-2)
Reinforcement ratio test
1. Configuration bar when the protective layer thickness in accordance with user input calculated
as; to complete the inspection section bearing capacity of reinforced configuration, when the
actual use of force reinforced the role of location as a point of steel.
2. Flexural members, offset tension, axial tension component side of the minimum tensile steel
reinforcement ratio of 0.2 and 45ft/fy the larger value;
3. The seismic structure:
Longitudinal tensile steel frame beam minimum
reinforcement percentage (%); Table 11.3.6-1
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Seismic
Level
BeamPosition
Bearing Span
1 0.4 and 80f t / f y
in the large value
0.3 and 65f t / f
y in the large
value
2 0.3 and 65f t / f y
in the large value
0.25 and 55f t / f
y in the large
value
3,4 0.25 and 55f t / f
y in the large
value
0.2 and 45f t / f
y in the large
value
Beam, the lower the minimum longitudinal steel reinforcement ratio, non-seismic design should
not be less than 0.30%, respectively; seismic design, special one, one and two respectively, not
less than 0.60%, 0.50% and 0.40%; ( JGJ 10.2.8-1)
4. The largest component seismic reinforcement rate: end of the beam longitudinal reinforcement
ratio of tension reinforcement should not exceed 2.5%.
Reinforcing the principles and methods of allocation
1. As selected through a long beam under the critical section, thus setting the upper and lower steel
reinforcement combinations.
A. Through long tendons meet the upper
i. At least two, the corner bar.
ii. Of the secondary seismic level, the bar diameter of not less than 14mm, and should
not be less than the beam, respectively top and bottom ends of the longitudinal
section of the reinforced area of the larger 1 / 4; on 3, 4 seismic rating , bar
diameter not less than 12mm.
iii. The first row of steel from the non-pass a long column (beam) side has been
extended to ln / 3 position; second row extend ln / 4 position; ln value is defined
as: for end bearing, net-based cross-span; For the intermediate bearing, ln on both
sides for the bearing of a large net across the span.
iv. Reinforced concrete longitudinal beam support section of negative moment
reinforcement in tension should not be cut off in the tension zone. When to cut, in
accordance with the provisions of reinforcement anchorage length (GB50010-
2002 9.3.1), retained after anchoring length cut off under stress conditions.
2. Through the lower part of a long bar to meet:
i. At least two, the corner bar.
ii. When the earthquake, the full reach into bearing.
iii. Non-seismic, do not reach into the lower bearing of the beam longitudinal reinforcement
cut off dot pitch bearing edge distance 0.1ln.
Test Oblique Section
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Program based on user input information to carry out shear reinforcement component of shear
resistance test, specified as follows:
Non-Seismic Shear Resistance Test
1. Rectangular, T-shaped and I-shaped cross-section flexural members, the shear section shall
meet the following conditions:
When the h w / b 4
V0.25
c
f
c
bh
0
(7.5.1-1)
When the h w / b 6
V 0.2 c f c bh 0 (7.5.1-2)
Combination of box beam cross section the maximum shear design values shall meet the
following requirements:
V 0.2 c f c bh 0 (JGJ 10.2.9-1)
2. 2. Not configured stirrups and bent sheet metal reinforcement general bending members, the
diagonal section of the shear capacity shall meet the following requirements:
V 0.7 h f t bh 0 (7.5.3-1)

h
= (800 / h
0
) 1 / 4 (7.5.3-2)
3. 3. Rectangular, T-shaped and I-shaped cross-section flexural members in general, when the only
configuration stirrups, its diagonal section of the shear capacity shall meet the following
requirements:
V 0.7ftbh0 +1.25 fyv (Asv / s) h0 (7.5.4-1)
Seismic shear resistance test
1. Consider the combination of the framework of the seismic design of beam end shear value Vb
according to the actual value;
2. Consider the combination of the frame beam earthquake, when the inter-high ratio of l0 / h>
2.5, its shear cross-section should conform to the following conditions:
Vb 1 (0.20cfcbh0) / RE (11.3.3)
Type of
c - concrete strength factor: When the concrete strength less than C50, the take c = 1.0; when
the concrete strength grade of C80, the take c = 0.8; during determined by linear interpolation.
3. 3. Consider the combination of earthquake rectangular, T-shaped and I-shaped cross-section of
the frame beam, the Shear capacity should meet the following requirements:
Vb 1 [0.42ftbh0 +1.25 fyvAsvh0 / s] / RE (11.3.4-1)
Tie Ratio Test
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1. Confining rate: When V> 0.7f
t
bh
0
, the hoop reinforcement ratio
sv
[
sv
= A
sv
/ (b
s
)] not be
less than 0.24f
t
/ f
yv

2. 2. Seismic conditions:
Along the beam length of stirrup reinforcement ratio sv should meet the following
requirements:
Seismic level 1:

sv
0.30f
t
/ f
yv
(11.3.9-1)
Seismic level 2:

sv
0.28f
t
/ f yv (11.3.9-2)
Seismic level 3,4:

sv
0.26f
t
/f
yv
(11.3.9-3)
3. High-rise building structures, seismic rating for the particular level of reinforced concrete
structures shall meet the basic requirements of a seismic level, the beam end encryption District
hoop structure confining rate increases of 10%.
4. Box beam supports of encrypted area with hoop hoop smallest, non-seismic design should not
be less than 0.9ft/fyv; seismic design, the special one and one and two respectively, not less than
1.3ft/fyv, 1.2ft/fyv and 1.1ft/fyv. (JGJ 10.2.8 - 2)
Spacing
1. The maximum stirrup spacing\
1. Non-seismic
The maximum beam stirrup spacing (mm), Table
10.2.10
h V>0.7f
t
bh
0
V0.7f
t
bh
0
150h300 150 200
300h500 200 300
500h800 250 350
h>800 300 400
When the beam with longitudinal compression by computing needs reinforcement, the
stirrups should be made of closed, then (d is the minimum diameter of longitudinal
compression reinforcement):
Condition
Maximum
Distance
Beam with longitudinal
compression computing
needs according to the time
bar
Min
(15d,400)
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Condition
Maximum
Distance
Pressure within the
longitudinal layer of steel
more than 5 and greater than
18mm in diameter
10d
Beam width is greater than
400mm and a layer of
pressure within the
longitudinal reinforcement
than three, or when the
beam width of not more than
400mm but a layer of
reinforcement within the
vertical pressure when more
than 4
Composite
hoop bar
should be
set
The spacing of non-encrypted area of the spacing should not be greater than the
encryption area 2 times.
2. Seismic encryption District: meet the requirements of Table 6.3.2-2, and a seismic rating,
not more than 20 times 200mm and stirrups diameter is greater; 2, 3 seismic level, not
more than 20 times 250mm and hoop tendon diameter is greater; 4 seismic rating, not
more than 300mm.
2. Encryption area: seismic design, the beam end encryption area stirrup length should conform to
the requirements of Table 6.3.2-2; beam end set the framework of the first node from the edge of
stirrups should be no larger than 50mm.
Frame beam stirrups beam end zone construction
requirements encryption, Table 11.3.6-2
Seismic
Level
Encryption
Zone
Length
(mm)
maximum
stirrup spacing
(mm)
spacing
(mm)

(mm)
Stirrup
minimum
diameter
(mm)
1 2h and
500 of the
larger
value
6 times the
longitudinal
bar diameter,
high beam, 1 /
4 and 100 in
the minimum
10
2 1.5h and
500 of the
larger
value
8 times the
longitudinal
bar diameter,
high beam, 1 /
8
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Seismic
Level
Encryption
Zone
Length
(mm)
maximum
stirrup spacing
(mm)
spacing
(mm)

(mm)
Stirrup
minimum
diameter
(mm)
4 and 100 in
the minimum
3 8 times the
longitudinal
bar diameter,
high beam, 1 /
4 and 150 in
the minimum
8
4 8 times the
longitudinal
bar diameter,
high beam, 1 /
4 and 150 in
the minimum
6
H as the height of the table section.
3. Box beam supports of (left side column height within the beam section 1.5) stirrups should be
encrypted, encrypted area stirrup diameter of not less than 10mm, spacing should not exceed
100mm. (JGJ-10.2.8-3)
Minimum diameter stirrups
1. # Non-seismic design: A cross-section height h> 800mm of the beam, the stirrup diameter not
less than 8mm; on the beam height h 800mm beam, the stirrup diameter not less than 6mm.
Beam with vertical compression reinforcement computing needs, the stirrup diameter of not less
than the vertical compression reinforcement should be 0.25 times the diameter.
2. Seismic design: minimum diameter shall meet the requirements of Table 6.3.2-2, when the end
of the beam longitudinal reinforcement ratio greater than 2%, the minimum diameter of the
table in the stirrups should be increased 2mm.
Side bar (waist bars) layout
When the beam web height h
w
450mm, the two sides of the beam height profile along the vertical
structure should be reinforced, each side of the vertical structural steel (not including the beam, the
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lower part of the reinforced and erect steel) cross-section area of not web-sectional area should be less
than 0.1% bh
w
, and the pitch should be less than 200mm. Here, the web height h
w
according to
GB50010-2002 7.5.1 Article access.
Reference Materials
GB50010 Beam Design Brief dialog
GB50010 Column Design Brief dialog box
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